Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Labour market reform'
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Tan, Jialong. "Economic analysis of Chinese urban labour market : effects of labour laws reform and hukou reform." Thesis, University of York, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20354/.
Full textAsthana, Roli. "The political economy of policy reform : labour market regulation in India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2002. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2277/.
Full textQu, Yong Jie. "Models of labour market reform, Poland, Sweden and the case of China." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39064.pdf.
Full textSayers, Mary, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The Effect of labour market reform on women in the Australian banking industry." Deakin University. Bowater School of Management, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060719.151710.
Full textForbes, William Patrick. "Legal reform of the U.K. labour market and its effect on the natural rate of unemployment." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378310.
Full textGerwel, Heinrich John. "The effects of labour policies in the Piedmont Region of Italy on equity in the labour market: reflections on women in Labour." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2122.
Full textThe study concentrates on a particular type of state intervention in social policy. It considers whether policy reforms and subsequent provision of information with regards to the issue of parental leave and part-time work arrangements, makes an impact on gender equity in the labour market (Del Boca, 2002; Naldini & Saraceno, 2008). Giddens' theory of structuration is the conceptual framework from which this study approaches these questions. It is thus held that agents (in this instance, women) are constrained by structures (labour policy framework and institutionalised labour practices) to achieve specific social goals. And further: that the apparent lack of power on the part of agents requires intervention on the part of the state apparatus to correct the failure (or inability) of the labour market to deliver the social justice as aspired to in the cited European Employment Strategy, as well as fostering economic efficiency (Barr, 1992). I further contend that not only are agents constrained by structural properties, but that institutional reform (in the form of labour policy reform) is constrained by the human action1 of the management of firms and enterprises as economic agents within the policy framework.
South Africa
Araujo, Rafael Carlquist Rabelo de. "Finance and Labour Reallocation: The consequences of a liquidation reform." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/22989.
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In 2005, the Brazilian bankruptcy law was changed to improve secured creditor’s protection. I explore the bankruptcy reform together with heterogeneity of the judicial efficiency, at the municipal level, and heterogeneity of the firm’s asset tangibility, at the sectoral level, to study possible effects on labour reallocation. By applying an instrumental variable approach, I find that firms operating on municipalities with a more efficient judicial system observed a higher increase in their labour force after the reform, and that this effect was stronger on firms operating in sectors which use more tangible assets.
Lad, Richard. "Analýza úspěšnosti reforem trhu práce v Německu i v kontextu hospodářské krize." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73735.
Full textDomenech, Jordi. "Negotiating work in the liberal age : unions, the state, and labour market reform in restoration Spain, 1875-1923." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2890/.
Full textTunnah, Edward John. "The inaccessible city? : a profile of the Vauxhall ward labour market, Liverpool." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1998. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4951/.
Full textGendera, Sandra Social Policy Research Centre Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Tansnational Care Space Zentraleuropa. Arbeits- und Lebensbedingungen von irregulär beschäftigten Migrantinnen in der häuslichen Pflege." Awarded by:Universit??t Wien. Fakult??t f??r Sozialwissenschaften, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/39281.
Full textGojjie, Tesfaye Mammo. "Integration of refugees into the UK labour market : a case study of Ethiopians in the UK." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2005. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6176/.
Full textEriksson, Emil. "Hartz-reformen : - En komparativ studie av svensk och tysk arbetsmarknadspolitik." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-25478.
Full textHeap, Daniel. "Institutionalising activation for sickness and disability benefit claimants in the active UK and Danish welfare states." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31016.
Full textHenneke, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "How can governments communicate labour market reforms successfully? : A theoretical and empirical approach to good reform communication by a case study of Germany with comparative references to the United Kingdom / Stefanie Henneke." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1071529838/34.
Full textKaradakic, René. "Unemployment benefit generosity in a life-cycle model with endogenous job-serch effort." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352203.
Full textMiñambres, Puig César. "Reciente Reforma del Mercado Laboral Español (Apuntes Breves Sobre el Nuevo Régimen Jurídico del Despido)." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117599.
Full textLa crisis económica que afrontó España, obligo al Gobierno Español a realizar una serie de reformas en la legislación laboral a fin de afrontar las altas tasas de desempleo conllevando a la flexibilización de la protección del trabajador, la cual se manifestó con mayor intensidad en la institución jurídica del despido laboral. En razón a ello, es que el presente artículo desarrollará las aristas más importantes de este nuevo régimen jurídico del despido de acuerdo a la normativa laboral española.
Lee, Sophia Seung-Yoon. "Labour market risks and institutional determinants : an international comparative study of institutions and non-standard employment with a focus on East Asia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:25328c2c-1db6-4ccb-ade3-78f2e05d7cad.
Full textSantos, Maria Roseniura de Oliveira. "Os efeitos da reforma neoliberal do estado sobre a auditoria - fiscal do trabalho e a atuação no setor de saúde: um estudo a partir do caso da Superintendência Regional do Trabalho e Emprego da Bahia de 1996/2011." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2013. http://ri.ucsal.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456730/293.
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A precarização do trabalho tem sido apontada como um dos principais efeitos da reestruturação do processo produtivo. A Reforma neoliberal do Estado orientou-se pelo primado da sujeição ao comando da lógica de ajuste fiscal, da privatização e da desregulamentação. Transplantou-se a racionalidade da gestão empresarial para o setor público, adotando-se o denominado modelo gerencial. Neste contexto, o estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar o processo de fiscalização do trabalho no setor de Saúde e o modo pelo qual as ações fiscais têm sido desenvolvidas. Devido à grandeza do fenômeno, a pesquisa requereu examinar o processo de implantação da Reforma Administrativa e seus efeitos sobre ação do fiscal do trabalho a partir dos dados históricos disponíveis, bem como investigar a evolução do modus operandi, a amplitude e perfil da intervenção da auditoria-fiscal do trabalho no serviço de Saúde e levantar dados e evidências do grau de alcance desta intervenção fiscal. O percurso metodológico abrangeu a classificação e delimitação das categorias profissionais do Setor Saúde e a seleção de fontes, variáveis e indicadores das características do mercado de trabalho em Saúde e do perfil e alcance da fiscalização do trabalho. Quanto à contextualização do setor de Saúde, as fontes utilizadas foram o Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde do Ministério da Saúde (CNES/MS), o Cadastro Central de Empresas (CEMPRE/IBGE), a Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD/IBGE) e a Pesquisa de Assistência Médico-Sanitária (AMS/IBGE) e para a análise dos aspectos fiscais foram colhidos e sistematizados os dados do Sistema Federal de Inspeção do Trabalho (SFIT). A pesquisa confirma a hipótese principal, verificando-se que ocorreu um estreitamento do foco fiscal com forte caráter arrecadatório em detrimento de dimensões como jornada e segurança e saúde, apresentando grau mais acentuado no Serviço de Saúde. Foi evidenciado ainda que a Reforma Administrativa tornou a auditoria-fiscal do trabalho flexível e menos punitiva, gerando perda de credibilidade institucional, estimulando sensação de impunidade e posturas de resistências pelas empresas em razão da reduzida probabilidade de flagrar infrações e o baixo custo das multas trabalhistas. O estudo também traz evidências de que a ruptura com do sistema de avaliação de desempenho vinculado à remuneração dos fiscais do trabalho parece ter iniciado um processo de reversão dos efeitos do modelo gerencial, apontando a necessidade de novas pesquisas para investigar a evolução da transição do modelo gerencial para uma nova política de administração da fiscalização do trabalho e respostas a questões concernentes à construção e adequação de indicadores de monitoramento e avaliação da eficácia fiscal que possam contribuir para construção e captação de um novo modo de atuar da inspeção trabalhista com vistas a promover o cumprimento da lei e a desprecarização do mercado do trabalho.
The precariousness of work has been identified as one of the main effects of restructuring the production process. The neoliberal state reform was guided by the rule of subjection to command logic fiscal adjustment, privatization and deregulation. The managerial public administration model transplanted the rationality of business for the public sector. In this context, the study aims at analyzing the process of labor inspection in Healthcare sector and the way interventive actions have been developed. Because to the magnitude of the phenomenon, the research required to examine the process of implementation of administrative reform and its effect on the action of the Labour Inspection. from the available historical data and, to investigate the evolution of the modus operandi, the amplitude and profile of the intervention of the work fiscal in the Service of Health and to collect data and evidence as to the reach of this fiscal intervention. The methodological approach included the classification and definition of the professional categories of the Health Sector and the selection of sources, variables and indicators of the characteristics of the labor market Health and profile and scope of labor inspection. For the contextualization of Health sector, the sources used were the National Register of Health Care of the Ministry of Health (CNES / MS), the Central Register of Enterprises (CEMPRE / IBGE), the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD / IBGE) and the Survey of Medical-Sanitary (AMS / IBGE) and the analysis of the fiscal aspects were collected and systematized data of the Federal Labour Inspection System (SFIT). The research confirms the main hypothesis, verifying that there was a narrowing of focus tax revenue collection with strong character rather than dimensions such as working hours, safety and health, presenting greater degree in Health Service. It was evidenced that the Administrative Reform has turned out flexible and less punitive the Labour Inspecton, causing loss of institutional credibility, stimulating feeling of impunity and postures of resistance by companies because the reduced probability of catching violations and the low cost of labor fines. The study also provides evidence that the break with the performance measurement systems linked to the remuneration of labor inspectors appears to started a process of reversing the effects of managerial public administration model, pointing out the need for further research to investigate the evolution of the transition model management to a new administration policy of the Labour Inspecion and answers to questions concerning the construction and adaptation of indicators for monitoring and evaluating the inspection effectiveness may contribute to the construction and funding of a new way of acting Labour Inspection in order to promote the law enforcement and the reversion of the precariousness of the labor market.
Di, Natale Isabelle. "Réformes et politiques éducatives au Royaume-Uni entre 1997 et 2010 ˸ quel système d'enseignement secondaire pour le Royaume-Uni depuis la promulgation de " l'Education Reform Act " en 1988 ?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA058/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the reforms and education policies that were implemented in the United Kingdom after the arrival of New Labour in 1997. Following devolution, two Assemblies were created in 1999, one in Wales, and one in Northern Ireland, and Scotland had a Parliament. This led to the persistence of the differences that existed between the education systems of the United Kingdom, the management of each education system being entrusted to these new institutions. The thesis analyses in depth the evolutions and the transformations generated within the different education systems between 1997 and 2010 (period of governance of New Labour), and reveals the divergences and/or convergences that ensued. It shows how each of the four nations has changed its education policy, while taking into account the reforms that were put in place by previous governments, these changes having already profoundly changed the organisation of these education systems (New Public Management/Local management of schools). Some reforms, prior to the period under study, which profoundly changed the organisation of these education systems, are also discussed because the governments in the early 2000s had to take them into account when developing their education projects. This comparative study also attempts to define the effectiveness of reforms in school performance and equal opportunities
Lee, Wonho. "Wage effects of marketization : industrial reform, labor market and inequality in post-reform China /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5652.
Full textPrice, Brendan. "Labor market adjustment to globalization, automation, and institutional reform." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111348.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis analyzes how national and local labor markets re equilibrate after shocks to labor market institutions (Chapter I), demand (II-III), and supply (IV). Chapter I analyzes Germany's 2005 Hartz IV reform, which lowered the generosity of longterm UI benefits available once short-term benefits run out. Using administrative records, I exploit cross-worker heterogeneity in the timing of when Hartz IV bites to estimate how long-term benefit cuts affect jobless durations, wages, and job characteristics. The job-finding hazard starts rising several months before cuts bind, culminating in a larger "spike at UI exhaustion" under Hartz IV. I find that UI reform reduced the probability of a one-year jobless spell by 12.4 percent, with employment gains driven by full-time jobs. Consistent with lower reservation utility, workers experiencing benefit cuts accept lower-paying jobs. Chapter II (joint with Daron Acemoglu, David Autor, David Dorn, and Gordon Hanson) argues that Chinese import competition, which surged after 2000, was a major force behind both recent reductions in US manufacturing employment and-through input-output linkages and other general equilibrium channels-weak overall job growth. Our central estimates suggest import induced job losses over 1999-2011 in the range of 2.0-2.4 million. Chapter III (joint as above) reassesses the conventional wisdom that IT is revolutionizing productivity while making workers redundant. Examining IT usage in US manufacturing, we find only mixed evidence of faster productivity growth in IT-intensive industries. Surprisingly, output in IT-intensive industries falls relative to other manufacturing industries. Productivity increases, when detectable, reflect even faster employment declines. Chapter IV exploits German high school reforms to estimate the labor market effects of sharp fluctuations in cohort size. These reforms, which eliminated grade 13 at upper-track high schools, led to an idiosyncratically timed "double cohort" in each reforming state, as students graduated under both old and new curricula. Consistent with the fact that a modest share of upper-track students enter firm-based apprenticeships after graduation, new training contracts jump by about 2 percent in double-cohort years. This increase is driven by upper-track graduates; I find no clear evidence that other graduates are crowded out, but the results are imprecise.
by Brendan Price.
I. The Duration and Wage Effects of Long-Term Unemployment Benefits: Evidence from Germany's Hartz IV Reform -- II. Import Competition and the Great US Employment Sag of the 2000s (joint with Daron Acemoglu, David Autor, David Dorn, and Gordon Hanson) -- III Return of the Solow Paradox? IT, Productivity, and Employment in US Manufacturing (joint with D. Acemoglu, D. Autor, D. Dorn, and G. Hanson) -- IV. Can Local Labor Markets Absorb Crowded Cohorts? Evidence from German High School Reforms.
Ph. D.
Cox, Kerryn. "The Effects of Trade Reform on Labour Mobility Across South African Local Labour Markets." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29722.
Full textSchumm, Irene. "Lessons Learned From Germanys 2001-2006 Labor Market Reforms." kostenfrei, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-43705.
Full textCruz, Villalón Jesús. "Job Market and Reforms of Labor Legislation in Spain." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118838.
Full textMahmood, Zaad. "Globalisation, policy convergence and labour market : the political economy of reforms." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/16811/.
Full textClark, Andrew Robert. "Higher education reforms in the Russian federation : institutional and labour market responses." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/470.
Full textFlanding, Jens. "European labour market flexibility reforms : a longitudinal study of change and continuity." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3394/.
Full textMartins, Diogo Miguel Gomes. "Do labour market reforms pay off? Unemployment and capital accumulation in Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12572.
Full textEsta dissertação tem como propósito o estudo da relação de longo-prazo entre o desemprego, a acumulação de capital e as variáveis do mercado de trabalho em Portugal, entre o 1º trimestre de 1985 e o 4º trimestre de 2013. É utilizado o modelo ARDL-Bounds Test para realizar a estimação econométrica. A evidência encontrada sugere que a acumulação de capital foi o principal determinante da taxa de desemprego de longo-prazo (NAIRU), ao passo que as variáveis do mercado de trabalho têm um poder explicativo residual ou inexistente. Estes resultados sugerem que a NAIRU é endógena em relação à acumulação de capital. Com efeito, conclui-se que as reformas no mercado de trabalho propostas pela Troika foram inadequadas para o caso português, uma vez que foram baseadas num enquadramento teórico (a teoria da NAIRU exógena) não representativo do mercado de trabalho desse país.
The aim of this dissertation is to study the long-run relationship between unemployment, capital accumulation and labour market variables in Portugal for the 1985Q1-2013Q4 period. We use an ARDL-bounds test model to perform the econometric estimation. We find evidence that capital accumulation has been the main driver of long-run unemployment (NAIRU), whilst labour market variables have played either a negligible or an existent explicative role. It suggests that Portuguese NAIRU is endogenous relative to capital accumulation. Consequently, we conclude that the labour market reforms proposed by Troika were inadequate to the Portuguese case as they were based upon a theoretical framework (exogenous NAIRU model) that was not representative of the Portuguese labour market.
Seele, Stefanie Sophie. "Essays on the German Labor Market since Unification." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19682.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to analyze labor demand and labor supply factors in Germany since reunification. It is based on three different labor market frameworks: a competitive labor market model (Marshall (1920)), a rigid labor market model (Pigou (1933)), and a search-and-matching model (Pissarides (2000)). Differing hypothesis about the co-variation of labor market indicators are derived theoretically, and are evaluated empirically. Three research questions are addressed in this thesis: What is the nature of the large expansion of employment in Germany after 2005? Were supply or demand factors more important for the increase in employment and wage dispersion after 2003? Which of the two competing hypotheses is more plausible? a) A negative shock to wage rigidity due to declining union power and/or more employment-conscious wage bargaining, or b) a positive labor supply shock due to changes in labor market policies. The main findings corresponding to the three stated research questions are: The expansion of employment in Germany since 2005 has primarily been at the extensive margin due to the increase of part-time employment. The Dispersion of hourly wages, which is expanded in a synthetic panel to include part-time employment, began in 2003 and ended in 2011. The labor market outcomes in Germany in this period, namely the negative correlation of wages with employment and participation, correspond most closely to the competitive labor market model with dominant supply shocks. These positive labor supply shocks are interpreted to be induced by major labor market reforms.
Fung, Kam-lam. "Getting a job in Shenzhen : personal strategies and institutional reforms /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18783168.
Full textMeng, Ke. "Political institutions, skill formation, and pension policy : the political-economic logic of China's pension system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4fd792f6-3b4a-46e0-9566-582de50e7106.
Full textCharni, Kadija. "The labour market for older workers : earnings trajectories, labour supply and employment." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2013/document.
Full textWith the global ageing of population and the consequences on public finances sustainability, the labour market of older workers remains a key concern for societies.The aim of this dissertation is to address particular issues on the labour market for older workers.This thesis consists of four chapters.The first two chapters examine the age-earnings trajectories late in working life.We do not find support of a decline of earnings at older ages as the consequence of ageing.The decline of the age-earnings profile observed for older workers at cross-sectional analysis is attributable to cohort effects, job-changing, and partial retirement.Chapter 3 evaluates the effects of French pension reforms on older workers’ transition out of unemployment and into employment. We find that the retirement reforms have limited effects on re-employment, and they increase transitions into inactivity, leading to a decrease of unemployment rate of older workers.Finally,Chapter 4 investigates the factors behind difficulties to remain in employment as workers age. It also evaluates job opportunities of older unemployed workers.The results indicate that the probability of leaving employment increases with economic incentives, ill health and age, while the probability of getting back to employment decreases with age.An Oaxaca decomposition supports the key role of age in the unemployment duration gap between ‘older’ and ‘younger’ workers, which is consistent with age discrimination
Haney, Timothy James. "Off to the (labor) market : women, work, and welfare reform in 21st century American cities /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10445.
Full textHaney, Timothy James 1980. "Off to the (labor) market: Women, work, and welfare reform in 21st century American cities." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10445.
Full textThis research contributes to scholarly understanding of the labor market activity of women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods in large U.S. cities, the group most affected by 1996's welfare reform legislation. Welfare reform tightened eligibility for means-tested assistance programs, forcing many women to seek employment despite daunting personal obstacles. This research uncovers the extent to which this subset of women found steady employment in standard, living-wage jobs as well as the reasons why many have not. Unlike most work in this field, it incorporates measures of neighborhood disadvantage to further explore the spatial barriers to employment faced by this demographic group. I ask whether neighborhood context matters for employment outcomes, beyond individual characteristics and circumstances. Survey data, collected in 1998-1999 and 2001, come from the Project on Devolution and Urban Change, a longitudinal study of 3,916 women living in poor neighborhoods of four U.S. cities. I link these individual data to tract-level U.S. Census data, resulting in a longitudinal, multi-city, geographically-linked dataset, something that no previous published research uses, but an important tool for understanding how neighborhood context affects individual outcomes. The methodological approach involves a combination of regression techniques including pooled logistic regression, ordinary least squares regression, the use of change scores as predictors, the use of lagged endogenous variables, and the derivation of predicted probabilities using results from regression models. Results of this research indicate that neighborhood disadvantage is of only modest utility in explaining women's work trajectories. Although living in neighborhoods with more car ownership does improve employment outcomes, other neighborhood measures are less important. Some traditional markers of "disadvantage," such as the presence of female-headed (single parent) households, actually facilitate better employment outcomes, suggesting the need to reevaluate traditional notions of neighborhood advantage and disadvantage. Individual barriers to employment, particularly health, childcare and family responsibilities, and individual car ownership are consistently predictive of better employment outcomes. The results suggest the potential importance of spatially-targeted programs aimed at alleviating childcare, health and transportation barriers to employment.
Committee in charge: James Elliott, Chairperson, Sociology; Ellen Scott, Member, Sociology; Patricia A. Gwartney, Member, Sociology; Margaret Hallock, Outside Member, Labor Educ & Research Center
Pignatti, Norberto <1969>. "The effects of economic and systemic reforms on labor market outcomes in Ukraine." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/481/.
Full textCasebourne, Joanna Jane. "Work, poverty and welfare reform : welfare-to-work programmes for lone parents in depressed local labour markets." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244842.
Full textGuglielminetti, Elisa. "Empirical and theoretical implications of frictional labor markets." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0034.
Full textIn this thesis I take the search and matching framework as the starting point of my analysis to investigate several aspects of the labor market. In Chapter 1, I explore the consequences of uncertainty on the macroeconomy . The empirical analysis shows that uncertainty has a detrimental effect on the aggregate economy and that job creation is an important channel of transmission. The empirical findings are then rationalized through a DSGE model incorporating the DMP setup and featuring stochastic volatility. In Chapter 2, I study the time-varying characteristics of job creation in the US. The econometric setup is a Time-Varying Parameter SVAR (TVP-SVAR) with stochastic volatility. The identification strategy is based on a DSGE model with a frictional labor marketIn Chapter 3, I extend the standard framework to take into account the spatial dimension of job search. Austrian data show the existence of a trade- off between wage and commute time. They also uncover complex patterns in the dynamics of exits from unemployment. Cox-regressions further show that the level of unemployment benefits has a strong discouraging effect on job search. In Chapter 4, I use a random search model to study the sorting of new hires into open-ended and fixed-term contracts. The co-existence of these two types of contracts is explained by match heterogeneity. The match productivity is interpreted as the fit of worker's skills to task requirements. This hypothesis is supported by matched employer-employee data from a large Italian region
馮錦霖 and Kam-lam Fung. "Getting a job in Shenzhen: personal strategies and institutional reforms." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3121308X.
Full textBaez-Camargo, Claudia. "From silent acquiescence to active resistance : labor leaders' responses to market-oriented economic reform in Mexico, 1982-2000 /." Ann Arbor : UMI, 2002. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00076906.pdf.
Full textIsaza, Castro Jairo Guillermo. "Occupational segregation, gender wage differences and trade reforms : empirical applications for urban Columbia." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/44798/.
Full textHegart, Ellinor, and Alexander Högberg. "Ny kutym eller ny kostym? : Etableringsreformen ur ett nyinstitutionellt ekonomiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-101343.
Full textThe aim of the study is to assess the compliance between the goals and the results of the Establishment reform, which entered into force on December 1st 2010, and the role of the participant called the Introduction guide. This assessment is done on the basis of the goals in the proposition from the Swedish government 2009/10:60 Nyanlända invandrares arbetsmarknadsetablering – egenansvar med professionellt stöd. In addition the obstacles to achieving the goals are highlighted. The study is based on reports and other documents from public bodies that are supplemented by, amongst others, the primary data of the study. This primary data consists of interviews with four employees at the Public Employment Service and four Introduction guides in Linköping and Norrköping as well as of mail correspondence with the Public Employment Service at a central level. The results are interpreted using New Institutional Economic Theory, focusing on the theories by Douglass North.The study shows, among other things, that the differences between various establishment activities have diminished, and that there is a stronger labour market focus now that the Public Employment Service has taken over the responsibility from the municipalities. However, the Establishment reform does suffer from a lack of individually adapted establishment activities as well from a failure in collaboration and coordination. This ultimately afflicts the new arrivals, which are already facing high barriers while trying to become a part of the Swedish society. External factors also affect the establishment process and the possibilities for new arrivals. It is foremost the living situation that is affecting different lead times and limiting the immigrants possibilities to participate in establishment activities.The economic incentives for the Introduction guides to fill their intended function are too low and the guides are primarily providing social support for the new arrivals instead of labour market oriented activities. Innovations as a result of competition are largely absent. The system contains various flaws that allow for flippant or opportunistic Introduction guides, which in turn lowers the quality of the Establishment work and worsens the new arrivals’ chances of getting established on the labour market.
Buß, Christopher Verfasser], and Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Ebbinghaus. "Public opinion towards labour market reforms in Europe - a multidimensional and dynamic perspective on attitudes / Christopher Buß ; Betreuer: Bernhard Ebbinghaus." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1151446718/34.
Full textShembavnekar, Nihar S. "Did India's economic reforms generate jobs? : essays on economic liberalisation, labour market flexibility and employment in the Indian manufacturing sector (1990-2006)." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/72555/.
Full textRastouil, Jeremy. "Three essays on labor market frictions under firm entry and financial business cycles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0228.
Full textDuring the Great Recession, the interactions between housing, labor and entry highlight the existence of narrow propagation channels between these markets. The aim of this thesis is to shed a light on labor market interactions with firm entry and financial business cycles, by building on the recent theoretical and empirical of DSGE models. In the first chapter, we have found evidence of the key role of the net entry as an amplifying mechanism for employment dynamics. Introducing search and matching frictions, we have studied from a new perspective the cyclicality of the mark-up compared to previous researches that use Walrasian labor market. We found a less countercyclical markup due to the acyclical aspect of the marginal cost in the DMP framework and a reduced role according to firm's entry in the cyclicality of the markup. In the second chapter, we have linked the borrowing capacity of households to their employment situation on the labor market. With this new microfoundation of the collateral constraint, new matches on the labor market translate into more mortgages, while separation induces an exclusion from financial markets for jobseekers. As a result, the LTV becomes endogenous by responding procyclically to employment fluctuations. We have shown that this device is empirically relevant and solves the anomalies of the standard collateral constraint. In the last chapter, we extend the analysis developed in the previous one by integrating collateral constrained firms in order to have a more complete financial business cycle. The first result is that an entrepreneur collateral constraint integrating capital, real commercial estate and wage bill in advance is empirically relevant compared to the collateral literature associated to the labor market which does not consider these three assets. The second finding is the role of the housing price and credit squeezes in the rise of the unemployment rate during the Great Recession. The last two chapters have important implications for economic policy. A structural deregulation reform in the labor market induces a significant rise in the debt level for households and housing price, combined with a substantial rise of firm debt. Our approach allows us to reveal that a macroprudential policy aiming to tighten the LTV ratio for household borrowers has positive effects in the long run for output and employment, while tightening LTV ratios for entrepreneurs leads to the opposite effect
Stiassny, Alfred, and Christina Uhl. "Does Elderly Employment have an Impact on Youth Employment? A General Equilibrium Approach." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4246/1/wp178.pdf.
Full textSeries: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Azizi, Herash, and Wiqar Momand. "Att få ut de nya svenskarna i arbete : - En kvalitativ studie om etableringshandläggarnas arbete." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Sociologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-25477.
Full textEtableringsreformen trädde i kraft 2010 och arbetsförmedlingen fick huvudansvaret för nyanländas etablering. Syftet med föreliggande studien var att undersöka hur handläggarna på arbetsförmedlingen arbetar med etablering av nyanlända med uppehållstillstånd. Frågeställningarna i studien var etableringshandläggarnas arbete med etablering utifrån sin yrkesroll och lagstiftning, etableringshandläggarnas praktiska arbete, etablering i allmänhet och för att få ut nyanlända på arbetsmarknaden. I studien användes en kvalitativ metod och semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med fem handläggare på arbetsförmedlingen. Den teoretiska ramen bestod av empowerment. Studiens resultat visar att etableringsreformen har haft både positiv- och negativ inverkan. Många nyanlända har etablerat sig i samhället och kommit ut på arbetsmarknaden. Av resultatet framkommer det vidare att det fortfarande finns aspekter kvar att ändra på för att få en ytterligare förbättring av etableringen. Studien visar att etableringsreformen har haft en positiv inverkan för de nyanlända på arbetsmarknaden. Men det råder stor arbetsbelastning för etableringshandläggarna på arbetsförmedlingen. Handläggarna vill arbeta med ett individanpassat och empowermentorienterat arbetssätt men hård arbetsbelastning utgör ett hinder för deras arbete.
Patzwaldt, Katja. "Die sanfte Macht : die Rolle der wissenschaftlichen Politikberatung bei den rot-grünen Arbeitsmarktreformen /." Bielefeld : transcript, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/567009270.pdf.
Full textFischer, Martin [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Karlsson. "The Long-Term Effects of Education on Health and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from Historical School Reforms in Sweden and Germany / Martin Fischer ; Betreuer: Martin Karlsson." Duisburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1174543817/34.
Full textKuegler, Alice. "Empirical essays on inventors, workers and firms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267840.
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