Dissertations / Theses: 'Laboratory Risks'

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Aurangabadwala, Tehsin T. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERT ALGORITHM TO IDENTIFY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH A RESEARCH FACILITY." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1173823780.

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Hamad, Maitham. "Determination of Shrinkage Crack Risks in Industrial Concrete Floors through Analyzing Material tests." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103081.

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The industrial concrete floor is a very important part of an industrial building, distribution center, storage or shopping mall, and it must have high quality surfaces for operation. To achieve the high quality we must know the problems and how to treat them. The most important problems on the concrete floors are: (i) cracks which are caused by shrinkage and creep, (ii) curling resulting in a loss of contact between concrete slab and sub-base, and (iii) unevenness In this thesis, it is aimed to investigate the effect of optimizing the concrete mix with and without additional shrinkage reducing agents (SRA) to reduce the crack risk in industrial concrete floors. Four types of concrete recipes are used (A-D) which include a recipe with optimized mix design for minimum shrinkage, a reference recipe (standard mix), an optimized mix with SRA and a fourth recipe with the reference plus SRA. The testing program extended to 224 days of age and comprised e.g. free-shrinkage, restrained shrinkage, weight change, modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and creep of concrete. At early ages, a 28 days, there are large differences in shrinkage-time relations for different mixes. Later than 28 days, the relations are closer. A comparison among shrinkage and creep test results of four recipes shows that recipes A and C have greater crack risk than recipes B and D. The recipe D has also the best result in restrained shrinkage test. These results are because of the aggrega-te graduation, type of cement and shrinkage reducing agents which all have a direct influence on the concrete properties. These tests were done by CBI (The Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute) during 2009.

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Poteet, Thomas L. "Benefits, costs and risks of converting from military design specifications to commercial performance standards at a commercial laboratory." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA366172.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1999.
"June 1999". Thesis advisor(s): Walter E. Owen, Mark E. Nissen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-155). Also available online.

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Rozmankova, Eliška. "Currently used pesticides and their mixtures : what are the risks to non-target aquatic organisms? Laboratory and in situ approaches." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0301.

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Les pesticides ont pour rôle de protéger les cultures des espèces nuisibles permettant ainsi d’intensifier le rendement agricole pour nourrir une population toujours en augmentation. Néanmoins, les pesticides se retrouvent souvent dans le réseau aquatique, par exemple via le ruissellement, où ils peuvent nuire aux organismes non-cibles. Les concentrations environnementales des pesticides sont souvent considérées sans risque pour les écosystèmes aquatiques, mais elles peuvent cependant induire des effets sublétaux dans les organismes exposés. De plus, les organismes ne font généralement pas face à un seul pesticide provenant d’un champ voisin, mais à un mélange complexe de différents composés chimiques qui interagissent entre eux pour former un cocktail potentiellement toxique avec des impacts inconnus et difficilement prévisibles. Ces composés, peuvent se dégrader au fil du temps et forment des métabolites plus au moins toxiques et persistants qui aggravent encore la complexité des mélanges.Cette thèse s’intéresse à la toxicité de pesticides seuls, en mélange ou en nanoformulation sur des organismes aquatiques non-cibles. Les stades de vie précoces vulnérables de deux organismes modèles : le poisson zèbre (Danio rerio) d’eau douce et un bivalve euryhalin l’huître creuse (Magallana gigas) ont été utilisés afin d’évaluer les effets sublétauxe de concentrations environnementales (détectées dans les cours d’eau européens) de différents pesticides couramment utilisés dont l’herbicide S-métolachlore avec ses deux métabolites acides oxanilique et sulfonique du métolachlore, l’insecticide imidaclopride et le fongicide propiconazole. En complément, une approche in situ a été développée pour évaluer les effets toxiques sur les stades embryo-larvaires de l’huître creuse associés à la qualité de l’eau du Bassin d’Arcachon, réceptacle final de différentes substances provenant des bassins versants.Les résultats indiquent une grande sensibilité des embryons et larves de poisson zèbre aux concentrations environnementales de propiconazole et à un degré moindre de l’imidaclopride. Au contraire, le S-métolachlore et ses métabolites ne présentent que peu d’effet sur le développement, les fonctions neurocomportementales et l’expression des gènes à l’exception des gènes impliqués dans le système thyroïdien. Ces pesticides en mélange semblent se comporter selon un modèle d’addition des concentrations si l’on considère le développement du poisson zèbre. Ces observations sont en lien avec un risque des pratiques agricoles actuelles.Les résultats obtenus lors de ce travail montrent une faible toxicité du propiconazole et de l’imidaclopride sur le développement et le comportement des embryons et larves de l’huître creuse. Quelques effets causés par ces composés seuls ou en mélange sont observés au niveau moléculaire. La concentration environnementale du mélange a induit les malformations larvaires, néanmoins, les embryons d’huître encagés dans le Bassin d’Arcachon ne présentent pas de malformations quel que soit le site d’exposition, ce qui suggère une qualité suffisante de l’eau du Bassin pour le développement de l’huître creuse. Cependant, des différences au niveau de l’expression des gènes sont observées pour les embryons exposés dans la partie interne du bassin d’Arcachon suggérant des conséquences potentielles sur le long terme.Ces résultats indiquent que les stades embryo-larvaires du poisson zèbre et de l’huître creuse sont des outils pertinents pour l’évaluation des faibles concentrations de pesticides seuls ou en mélange. De plus, la mise en œuvre d’expérimentations in situ en complément des approches de laboratoire s’avère utile dans une démarche d’évaluation des risques environnementaux
Pesticides have enabled humankind to protect its crops from pests, intensifying thus the crop yields to sustain the growing population. However, pesticides often end up in aquatic water bodies, e.g. via field runoff, where they may harm non-target organisms. The environmental concentrations of pesticides are often considered safe for aquatic ecosystems although they might induce sublethal changes in exposed organisms. Moreover, the organisms are generally not dealing with only one pesticide issued from a nearby field but with a complex mixture of various chemical compounds, interacting amongst themselves, and creating a toxic cocktail with unknown and hardly predictable impacts. These compounds, each with different environmental fate, eventually degrade and form more or less toxic and persistent metabolites aggravating the complexity of the mixtures.This dissertation thesis summarizes the state-of-the-art in pesticide mixture toxicity research and is composed of five research articles dealing with sublethal effects of selected pesticides on non-target aquatic species. Vulnerable embryo-larval stages of two model organisms: freshwater zebrafish (Danio rerio) and euryhaline bivalve Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas) were used to assess the sublethal toxicity of especially environmental concentrations (detected in selected European water bodies) of commonly used herbicide S metolachlor with its two metabolites metolachlor oxanilic acid and metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid, insecticide imidacloprid, and fungicide propiconazole, alone and in a mixture. A complementary in situ approach was carried out to evaluate a real impact on early-life stages of the Pacific oyster in Arcachon Bay in France, a final recipient of various substances including pesticides from respective watersheds.First, zebrafish embryo-larval stages were observed to be highly sensitive to environmentally relevant concentrations of propiconazole and to a lesser extent also to imidacloprid. In contrast, S-metolachlor and its metabolites had almost no effect on their development, neurobehavioral functions, or gene expression except for altered genes implicated in the thyroid system. A mixture of these compounds exhibited a concentration addition effect on zebrafish development. These observations imply that the development of freshwater fish may be at risk with current agricultural practice.Second, a study with Pacific oyster embryos and larvae revealed very low toxicity of propiconazole and imidacloprid on their development and locomotion patterns. Few effects caused by these compounds were observed at the molecular level, as well as the effects caused by the mixture. The environmental concentration of the mixture induced developmental malformations in oyster larvae, however, those exposed in situ in Arcachon Bay did not show higher proportions of abnormal larvae suggesting that the water quality of Arcachon Bay is sufficient for oyster development. Nevertheless, oyster larvae exposed in the inner part of Arcachon Bay showed different gene expression levels than larvae from the reference site located near the ocean entrance, which may indicate consequences of a potential long term impact.These results documented that embryo-larval stages of zebrafish and Pacific oysters are relevant tools for the assessment of low concentrations of pesticides and pesticides in a mixture, and that laboratory studies complemented with field research are useful for (eco)toxicity assessment and of high ecological relevance

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Burmann, Laura Sanz. "Sistemática para avaliar as condições de segurança e saúde em laboratório de ensaios de materiais elétricos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13883.

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As condições de trabalho em laboratórios de ensaios de materiais e equipamentos, utilizados em redes de energia elétrica, expõem os operadores a importantes riscos de acidente. No entanto, existem poucos estudos com abordagem ergonômica para analisar as condições de trabalho e os riscos em laboratórios deste tipo. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar uma sistemática para avaliar estas condições, visando reduzir os riscos de acidentes e doenças ocupacionais nestes laboratórios. A abordagem elaborada foi aplicada em quatro etapas: a primeira correspondeu à análise da demanda, com o levantamento de indicadores de segurança e saúde; a segunda etapa compreendeu a construção e aplicação de uma ferramenta de análise das condições gerais de segurança com base nas normas brasileiras existentes; na terceira etapa deu-se a construção e aplicação de uma ferramenta de identificação de riscos inerentes às atividades; a quarta e última etapa contemplou a aplicação do método Deparis para diagnosticar riscos nas atividades, a partir da percepção do trabalhador. Como resultado, a sistemática mostrou-se eficaz, evidenciando situações passíveis de causar danos à saúde e à integridade física dos trabalhadores do laboratório analisado. A abordagem se mostrou de entendimento e aplicação simples e permitiu a confrontação de visões distintas (analista e operadores), evidenciando com maior precisão os riscos analisados.
The conditions of work in laboratories of test of materials and equipment, used in nets of electric energy, expose the workers to serious risks of accident. However, there are few studies about this matter with ergonomic approach. Thus, the purpose of this study was to elaborate a systematics to evaluate these conditions, being aimed to reduce the risks of occupational accidents and illnesses in these laboratories. The approach of this work was applied in four stages: the first one corresponded to the analysis of the demand, with the survey of security and health indexes; the second stage was based on the construction and application of a tool of analysis of the general conditions of security the existing Brazilian norms; the third stage was given by the construction and application of a tool to identificate the risks of the activities; the fourth and last stage used the application of the Deparis Method to diagnosis risks in the activities, from the perception of the worker. As result, the systematics revealed efficient, evidencing situations that must cause damages to the health and the physical integrity of the workers of the analyzed laboratory. The approach seemed to be simple to understand and to be applied and allowed the confrontation of distinct sides (analyst and operators), evidencing with most precision the analyzed risks.

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Brinkman, Jacoline Willijanne. "Albuminuria as a laboratory risk marker methods evaluated /." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/304605956.

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Sen, Shabori. "BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE TO ENDOGENOUS RISK IN THE LABORATORY." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2658.

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Risk is endogenous when an individual is able to undertake mitigation or self protection actions that reduce the risk that he faces. Most risky environments studied in economics involve endogenous risk. This dissertation studies the conceptual and behavioral implications of introducing endogeneity in the controlled environment of the laboratory. The dissertation consists of three different experiments designed to examine how endogeneity affects risk attitudes and risk perceptions in simple experimental set ups. All three experiments employ a virtual reality scenario where the subject is able to form his own beliefs, based on naturalistic cues provided by the virtual reality experience. In the first experiment, a Â short runÂ individual experiment, subjects experience several forest fires that allow them to form beliefs about the probability of a house in the simulated forest being destroyed by fire. The evidence suggests that endogenous risk settings do cause subjects to employ different subjective beliefs than they use in an exogenous risk setting, although risk attitudes appear stable across these settings. Typically, the risk of natural disaster in any area is very small, and an adverse event like a forest fire occurs only once in a couple of decades. This has implications for self-protection expenditure where risk is endogenous. A Â long runÂ individual experiment with several rounds of decision making allows the estimation of subjective beliefs about the risk of the property burning when a fire may occur. This design allows for the study of the effect of an actual experience of forest fire on a subjectÂ s beliefs. Several mitigation options are collective in nature and require group contributions for the self-protection action to be provided. In an extension of the long run design, we study the effect of an actual experience of fire on beliefs when the risk is faced by a group rather than an individual. This framework also allows us to compare behavior in a public goods game involving risk, with the standard public goods game.
Ph.D.
Department of Economics
Business Administration
Economics PhD

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Marshall, Rafael. "An investigation of risk homeostasis in a laboratory environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41685.

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This study investigated whether risk compensation behavior would occur during a chemistry experiment due to the presence of protective equipment. This study also examined whether a homeostatic regulating mechanism exists for risk-taking behavior. Risk compensation and a homeostatic regulating mechanism for risk-taking behavior are both encompassed within the Risk Homeostasis Theory, which states that people accurately perceive and fully compensate for changes in risk. Thirty-six subjects performed three trials of a short chemistry experiment either with protective equipment or without protective equipment during the first of two sessions. After the first session, half the subjects were required to switch from wearing protective equipment to not wearing protective equipment, or from not wearing protective equipment to wearing protective equipment. The time required to complete the task, the number of errors committed, and subtask measurement accuracy were tabulated. Between-subject analyses did not reveal risk compensation behavior. Moreover, within-subject comparisons failed to show a significant risk compensation effect or the presence of a homeostatic regulating mechanism for risk-taking behavior. The results suggested that the Risk Homeostasis Theory may not explain sufficiently changes in behavior due to increases (or decreases) in perceived risk. The limitations of the present study were discussed. Suggestions and examples for research on different aspects of the Risk Homeostasis Theory were also provided.
Master of Science

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Suchý, Ivo. "Možnosti managementu rizik zkušebních laboratoří v kontextu revidovaných norem systémů managementu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382730.

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The diploma thesis deals with analysis and assessment of risks in testing laboratories, where the work with risks is an unrecognized area. A part of the thesis defines risks according to standard revision 17025:2017. Subsequently, these risks are processed by selected methods, which are used for qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Risks determination in the thesis is based on methods Risk Matrix, Failure Modes & Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Bow Tie Analysis. Introducing possibilities and patterns of described methods to testing laboratories is the main aim of the thesis, this could be a way to increase their chance to get a new accreditation.

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Paton, Wendy Jane. "Risk factors for laboratory-induced and self-reported false confessions." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700986.

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Vorster, Nina. "Investigating the views and expectations of pregnant women who undergo genetic counselling for age-related risk of aneuploidy." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33968.

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Background: Pregnancy at advanced maternal age (AMA) is associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy. In the Western Cape's public health sector maternal age alone is widely used to screen women for high risk of pregnancies affected by aneuploidy. The weekly pregnancy counselling clinic (PCC) at Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) offers genetic counselling (GC) for women who are of AMA to inform them about their age-related aneuploidy risk, offer invasive diagnostic testing (IDT) and discuss the option of voluntary termination of an affected pregnancy. A recent audit at GSH showed that the uptake of IDT was low and other literature reports that South Africans tend to have a conservative view regarding termination of pregnancy (TOP). This study sought to understand what women expect from the GC service at PCC as well as what their experiences are of the service. Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study used a pragmatic approach and participants were recruited through purposive sampling. Semi-structured, in-person interviews were conducted after women had completed their GC sessions at PCC. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: The results of this study suggest that participants (n=7) received very little information about their GC appointments at referring clinics, and that they generally did not have prior knowledge about age-related aneuploidy risks. Finding out about the age-related risk of aneuploidy was an emotional experience for the participants, but other factors, including normal ultrasound results, provided relief. The participants' choices regarding IDT and attitudes towards TOP reflected that of available literature as the uptake was low and most participants reported that they would not consider a TOP. The women reported that they would use the knowledge they gained during GC to educate other women in their communities about the pregnancy risks associated with increased maternal age. Generally, the participants believed that GC was useful and appreciated the opportunity. Conclusion: The participants in this study had limited health literacy and knowledge regarding AMA risks and GC. As a result, participants had no expectations of GC. However, the participants felt that GC was useful in helping them prepare for the possibility of a child with DS, and generally viewed the service in a positive light. Additionally, this study's results suggests that there is a need to educate women in local communities regarding AMA pregnancy risks.

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Gioia, Francesca. "Determinants of risk behaviour : three laboratory experiments on peer effects, group identity and incentive schemes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31071.

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Risk is inherent in many social and economic decisions, such as the choice of pathway in secondary school, the choice of major at university, job decisions, health-related behaviour, marriage, parenthood, migration and the allocation of financial assets. Investigating the determinants of attitudes towards risk is therefore essential to fully understand how people make such decisions. Recent research has shown that individual risk attitudes are not immutable personality traits, but are influenced by external factors with the potential to change them in more or less enduring ways, such as the characteristics of the environment, emotional states, life experiences such as poverty, job loss or violence, and social relationships. This thesis studies external factors that play a role in shaping risk attitudes. Specifically, it focuses on two important environmental factors: social relationships and the incentive structure that individuals face (e.g., competition or teamwork). It is composed of three chapters. Each chapter of the thesis presents the results of a different laboratory experiment, in which individual risk behaviour is always measured using the Bomb Risk Elicitation Task - BRET (Crosetto and Filippin, 2013). This task asks participants to choose how many boxes to collect out of 100, knowing that 99 boxes contain £0.10 while one contains a bomb, but without knowing in which box the bomb is located. They can therefore choose their preferred lottery among 100 lotteries whose outcomes and probabilities are fully described only by one parameter, i.e., the number of collected boxes. Earnings increase linearly with the number of boxes collected, but they are all lost if the bomb lies in one of the collected boxes. In the first two chapters, risk behaviour is measured both before and after the treatment manipulation, and feedback on the peers’ ex-ante risk behaviour is used as a channel to study peer influence on the subjects’ ex-post risk behaviour. The first two chapters provide new evidence that individual risk behaviour is influenced by the risk behaviour of the peer group and offer one explanation for why peer effects are not always present and vary in intensity. This is due to the fact that individuals are more influenced by those peers with whom they feel more bonded. Specifically, in the first chapter I study how group identity (that is, the portion of an individual’s self-concept derived from the sense of belonging to the social group) affects peer effects on risk behaviour. I induce different levels of group identity through different matching protocols (random or based on individual painting preferences) and the possibility of interacting with group members via an online chat in a group task. I find that subjects are affected by their peers when taking decisions and that a stronger group identity amplifies the influence of peers: painting preferences matching significantly reduces the heterogeneity of risk behaviour compared with random matching. On the other hand, introducing a group task has no significant effect on behaviour, possibly because this interaction does not always contribute to enhancing group identity. The second chapter digs deeper into this evidence by investigating the role of the incentive structure that characterizes the individuals’ environment. Since the first chapter shows that peer effects vary in intensity, I hypothesize that different types of incentive schemes may have different effects on peer relationships and, therefore, affect peer effects on risk behaviour. Using a real effort task, which consists of recognizing the value and the country of origin of a random sequence of Euro coins, I compare piece-rate compensation first with a cooperation-based and then with a competition-based incentive scheme. I find that competition significantly reduces attachment to peers and more than halves peer influence on risk behaviour compared with piece-rate compensation, despite the fact that the latter effect is not statistically significant. Such findings suggest that, when designing and evaluating an optimal compensation scheme, it may be important to also consider how peer effects on subsequent risk behaviour will in turn affect future decisions involving risk. For example, in research and development, competition may improve the results of current projects, but risk attitudes will shape the types of future projects that are attempted. The third chapter restricts the attention to competition and enquires whether this type of incentive scheme has a direct effect on risk-taking behaviour, beyond any social comparison, and whether its impact on subsequent risk behaviour is heterogeneous according to gender. Risk behaviour is measured after the performance of a real effort task, consisting of recognizing the value and country of origin of Euro coins, incentivized either as a tournament with fixed rewards or as a random draw with the same monetary payoffs. The data show that competition does not significantly affect subsequent risk-taking behaviour when considering the full sample. However, there is a positive relationship between competition and risk aversion for males, who become significantly more risk-averse after losing a competition than after randomly earning the same low payoff. In contrast, males do not become more risk-seeking after winning the tournament, while the average risk-taking behaviour of females is unaffected by tournament participation and outcomes. The reaction of males to negative outcomes might be driven by intrinsic motives, such as emotions or a shift in the locus of control from internal to external. Overall, the evidence presented here shows that risk attitudes are not immutable but may be shaped by external factors. Of particular importance is the role played by the risk behaviour of peers, which begins to emerge even when bonds are weak and becomes stronger as the social link intensifies. Any policy that aims to change risk attitudes (or that does so indirectly) will thus see its effects spread to the target subjects’ peers, and may amplify its success if the peer group is chosen wisely. Changing the characteristics of the subjects’ environment by introducing competition weakens their attachment to the competing peers and may attenuate peer effects on risk behaviour. In addition, competition per se has no impact on subsequent risk behaviour, except for males who become more risk-averse after losing.

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Schluep, Mathias. "Dissolution, biodegradation and risk in a diesel fuel contaminated aquifer - modeling and laboratory studies /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13713.

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Ödborn, Jönsson Linnéa. "Mapping re-growth following chemotherapy in high-risk neuroblastoma : The research process in laboratory work." Thesis, KTH, Lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-253038.

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The aim of the current study is to study characteristics of high-risk cancer cells within the childhood disease neuroblastoma (NB) by mapping regrowth after treatment with the chemotherapy doxorubicin (doxo). The cell-line SK-N-BE(2)-C (BE(2)-C) was used as a model. Results from a previous study by Hultman et al., (2018) have indicated that while a majority of BE(2)-C cells could be shown resilient to a 1 μM dose of doxorubicin (doxo), only a very small fractions had the capacity for immediate replication following a single or double treatment of doxo (“remaining replicating cells”; RRC). The current study aims to investigate if RRC are responsible for regrowth. Cultured BE(2)-C cells were exposed to doxo and labelled with the nucleoside analogues EdU (5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine) and BrdU (5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine). The results from the current study indicated that the RRC subpopulation might not be responsible for regrowth since the nucleoside labelling was not shown to be present in the cells of the regrowing colonies. However, technical challenges, e.g. the settings of thresholds for EdU and BrdU detection, in combination with the dilution of DNA markers in replication, call for further studies using additional methods, e.g. isotope markers, in order to firmly conclude that other subpopulation(s) than the RRC population are responsible for regrowth. Apart from studying cell populations responsible for regrowth, a pilot study was performed including another combination of treatment using an ATM-inhibitor (KU-60019) together with the chemotherapy doxo. There were some measurement points missing, but the current results indicate that regrowth is postponed when the ATM-inhibitor is added in combination with single or double treatment of doxo. The research procedures and processes involved in this thesis, are similar to those included in the syllabi for the natural science subjects for the upper secondary school. This underlines the importance of studying inquiry and laboratory work. A literature review was performed, analysing current research on open-and closed ended laboratory work. Ten research articles were collected and characterized by natural science subject, type of laboratory style (open or closed) and student learning competences. Findings from the current study indicate that open-ended laboratory work promotes student interest in the subject. The learning competences problem-solving ability and procedure ability are most commonly studied in laboratory work based on the results from the current study.
Syftet med studien är att studera hög-risk cancerceller inom barncancersjukdomen neuroblastom (NB), genom att kartlägga återväxt efter kemoterapi-behandling med doxorubicin (doxo). En multiresistent neuroblastom cell-linje med hög-risk egenskaper, SK-N-BE(2)-C( BE[2]-C), användes som modell. Enligt en tidigare studie på BE(2)-C celler, utförd av Hultman et al., (2018), kan efter en enkel eller dubbelbehandling med doxo majoriteten av cellerna överleva, men endast en mycket liten andel kan också omedelbart fortsätta dela sig. Dessa celler benämndes som ”kvarvarande replikerande celler” (RRC). I denna studie undersöktes hypotesen att RRC är ansvariga för återväxt efter doxo-terapi, hypotetiskt återspeglande situationen vid återfall hos patienten. BE(2)-C celler odlades in vitro i petriskålar, behandlades med doxo, och analyserades sedan i mikroskop genom att använda två kemiska markörer för cell-delning; EdU (5-etynyl-2’-deoxyuridin) och BrdU (5-bromo-2-deoxyuridin). Intressant nog, men något oväntat, indikerar resultaten att RRC troligen inte är ansvariga för återväxt. Detta skulle då tyda på att återväxten orsakas av andra cellpopulationer, utan förmåga att omedelbart efter kemoterapin fortsätta dela sig. Dock förekom tekniska utmaningar med valda metoder, t.ex. gränsvärdena för EdU- och BrdU-detektering, i kombination med utspädningen av DNA-markörer vid replikation. Därför krävs ytterligare studier med användning av andra metoder, t.ex. isotopmarkörer, för att fastställa vilka subpopulationer som är ansvariga för återväxt. Utöver att studera cellpopulationer ansvariga för återväxt så genomfördes även en pilotstudie med en kombination av doxo och annan typ av kemoterapi riktad mot cellens förmåga att reparera DNA skador; en ATM-inhibitor (KU-60019). Pilotstudien indikerar att återväxten av BE(2)-C förskjuts vid närvaro av KU-60019, både i kombination med enkel eller dubbelbehandling av kemoterapin doxo. Det naturvetenskapliga arbetssättet i denna studie, vilket inkluderas i ämnesplanerna för de naturvetenskapliga ämnena för gymnasieskolan, understryker betydelsen av att studera laborativt arbete. En litteraturstudie genomfördes med fokus på öppna och slutna laborationer. Tio forskningsartiklar analyserades och karaktäriserades; typ av laborationsstil (öppen eller sluten) och elevers lärandekompetenser. Resultatet från denna studie indikerar att öppna laborationer bidrar till att öka elevers intresse. Vidare visar resultatet att laborativt arbete i skolan inkluderar utvecklingen av främst problemlösningsförmågan och procedurförmågan. Forskningsprocedurer och processer involverade i detta examensarbete diskuteras.

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Augustsson, Hanna. "Ethoexperimental studies of behaviour in wild and laboratory mice : risk assessment, emotional reactivity and animal welfare /." Uppsala : Dept. of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/v174.pdf.

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Johnson, James G. "The facilitative factor of an undergraduate wellness laboratory course on affecting wellness attitudes and behavior /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025626.

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Šindler, Martin. "Laboratorní úloha útoků na protokol HTTPS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316694.

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This thesis describes principles of specific HTTPS attacks and provides realization of attacks using lab environment based on VMware. Elaboration is divided to specific dedicated attacks, each part evaluates risk of vulnerability and describes the way of realization in guides for students and lector´s manuals.

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Estcourt, Lise Jane. "Risk factors for haemorrhage in patients with haematological malignancies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4efbd9b1-62e5-4536-a5ee-df5eea4620d0.

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Haematological malignancies and their treatment lead to prolonged periods of severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count ≤ 50 x 10⁹/l). Despite the use of prophylactic platelet transfusions, haemorrhage remains an important complication during this thrombocytopenic period. Within a 30 day period up to 70% of patients have clinically significant haemorrhage (World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 or above bleeding) and up to 10% have severe or life-threatening haemorrhage (WHO grade 3 or 4 bleeding). Hence our current management of these patients to prevent haemorrhage is sub-optimal. The aim of this thesis was to identify clinical and laboratory factors that may predict the risk of haemorrhage in patients with haematological malignancies and severe thrombocytopenia. This was achieved via several different study designs and assessed the effect of clinical and laboratory factors on any or clinically significant haemorrhage and their effect on intracranial haemorrhage. This thesis has demonstrated that there is no consensus on how bleeding is assessed and graded in this patient group. Also it showed that the absolute immature platelet number may be a better alternative to the total platelet count to guide administration of platelet transfusions. Female sex, a previous history of a fungal infection, a high C-reactive protein, a high white cell count, a low platelet count, anaemia, impaired renal function, and recent clinically significant haemorrhage were all found to be independent risk factors for haemorrhage. Patients who were in complete remission from their haematological malignancy had a much lower risk of bleeding.

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Zavislak, Naomi M. "The influence of similarity on perceptions of risk for negative outcomes : two laboratory experiments and a field investigation of breast cancer survivors /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8999.

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James, Jonathan Peter. "Field and laboratory analyses of manual tasks in the South African automotive industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005199.

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The present study adopted a “field-laboratory-field” approach in the assessment of the efficacy of ergonomics interventions specific to two selected tasks evaluated in a South African automotive industry. Initial field testing was conducted in an Eastern Cape (South Africa) automotive plant where high risk areas were identified during walkthrough ergonomics surveys in conjunction with interaction with operators. Temporal factors and working postures of 12 industrial workers were recorded and observed, while physiological and perceptual responses were assessed. Two priority areas were focused upon for analysis, namely the Paintshop and Bodyshop with the former identified as being the more taxing of the two tasks. Responses of 30 students participating in rigourously controlled laboratory simulations were subsequently collected while completing the two tasks, namely the Paintshop Trolley Transfer (PTT) and Car Door Carriage (CDC) for participants. Working postures, kinematic, physiological and perceptual responses were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Following the laboratory experimentation a basic re-evaluation was conducted at the plant to assess whether the proposed changes had a positive effect on working postures, physiological and perceptual responses. The results of the preliminary field investigation revealed a prevalence of awkward working postures and excessive manual work in both areas. Laboratory experimentation revealed a notable reduction in task demands pre- versus post-intervention. The PTT mean lean angle for two-handed pre-intervention pulling observations of 23.7° (±3.51) was reduced to 13.9° (±2.21) post-intervention. Low back disorder (LBD) risk was reduced during the two-handed pull intervention (from 36.8% ±8.03 to 21.7% ±5.31). A significant decrement in heart rate responses from 103 bt.min-1 (±11.62) to 93 bt.min[superscript -1] (±11.77) was recorded during the two-handed symmetrical pushing intervention. The electromyography (EMG) responses for one-handed pushing and pulling pre-intervention showed the highest levels of muscular activity in the right medial deltoid due to an awkward and asymmetrical posture. CDC responses demonstrated that minor changes in the storage height of the door resulted in a significant reduction in sagittal flexion from 28.0° (±4.78) to 20.7° (±5.65). Predictions of average probability of LBD risk were significantly reduced from 50.3% (±5.91) to 39.8% (±5.10) for post-intervention car door lifting. In addition, the greatest reduction in EMG activity as a %MVC was achieved during sub-task ii (reduced from 35.1 to 13.7% and 30.5 to 13.9% for left and right erector spinae respectively) which was associated with the introduction of the transfer trolley for the door transfer phase of the CDC. Re-evaluation in the automotive plant revealed that the most notable change has been the implementation of automated ride on trolleys in the Paintshop. The Bodyshop area has also been modified to allow more effective job rotation and the step into the storage bin has been reduced via a “low-cost” stepping platform. Mean heart rate recordings were reduced from 94 (±9.77) bt.min[superscript -1] to 81 (±3.72) bt.min[superscript -1] in the Paintshop. Overall the results demonstrate the effect of “low-cost” interventions in reducing the physical stresses placed on workers in the automotive industry where much of the work is still done manually.

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Zavřel, Patrik. "Audit BOZP v těžké laboratoři C1." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402551.

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The diploma thesis deals with OSH management and related audit. The research handles the requirements of national and international health and safety legislation. The risk analysis and its evaluation are performed. Corrective action is proposed in justified cases.

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Virágová, Tereza. "Management rizik v prostředí zkušební laboratoře." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241282.

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This thesis is dealing with analyzing risks in an accredited testing labotarory. In this thesis will be made a search of available manuals and literature issued for accredited testing laboratory. In this thesis will be conducted selected analyzes for selected processes. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and asses the risks in chosen processes of testing laboratory and make a a simple tools for the management and elimination.

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Stenlund, Tobias. "Seated postural reactions to mechanical shocks : laboratory studies with relevance for risk assessment and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders among drivers." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Fysioterapi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-117178.

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Professional drivers of off-road vehicles, driving on irregular terrain such as in forestry, agriculture and mining, are exposed to whole-body vibration and mechanical shocks. These driver groups have reported severe musculoskeletal problems in the spine, but the association to seated postural reactions is not fully understood. One assumption is that unexpected shocks may create excessive load on spinal joints. The driver’s posture and exposure to mechanical shocks are required to be included in work risk assessments, but muscle activity and body kinematics are not included. The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and analyse seated postural reactions to mechanical shocks and to evaluate measuring of seated postures with relevance for risk assessment and the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders among drivers. The thesis includes four studies, all laboratory-based using a repeated-measures design. Postural reactions were recorded from 23 (Paper I) and 20 (Paper II & III) young, healthy male participants who were seated on a movable platform. The platform delivered mechanical shocks with peak accelerations up to 14 m/s2 in lateral directions during different conditions. Furthermore, twenty participants (Paper IV) were tested by four testers for analysis of test-retest reliability within and between testers measuring seated postures. Kinematics were here detected by means of a motion analysis system (MoLabTM) and described for the spine as angular displacements or range of motion (ROM) using a three-segment model of neck, trunk and pelvis (Paper I–III) and as a more specific model (Paper IV). Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded bilaterally on the following muscles; trapezius upper part, upper neck, erector spinae and external oblique (Paper I–III). The general findings show that EMG amplitudes normalised to maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) did not exceed 2% in the trapezius, 8% in the upper neck and erector spinae and 18% in the external oblique. The EMG amplitudes and the angular displacements in the neck were significantly reduced from the first compared to the fifth mechanical shock. Adding a cognitive task significantly increased angular displacements. The largest ROM with approximately 20° in each segment was found during a double-sided mechanical shock (shock that changes direction). The reliability within one tester measuring seated postures was mostly considered good and superior to the reliability between several testers, but still insensitive to changes of less than 10°. Exposure to single-sided or double-sided mechanical shocks with accelerations up to 14 m/s2 seem not to cause postural reactions to such an extent that overload of muscles or joint structures should be expected. There seems to be a quick adaptation that causes an improved readiness. The external obliques were most active when restoring equilibrium and seem important for stabilising the whole spinal column. Stability training, in order to improve neuromuscular control of the external obliques could, therefore, be a possible recommendation. The angular displacement in the neck increases if the subject solves a cognitive task of why such activities should be avoided when driving in difficult terrains. Since accurate descriptions of the spinal posture seems difficult even when advanced technical equipment is used, simpler models seem more appropriate. The results show that postural control is maintained even when exposed to considerable mechanical shocks. On the basis of these results, there is no need to change established risk assessment models.

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Fischer, Shira H. "Factors Associated with Ordering and Completion of Laboratory Monitoring Tests for High-Risk Medications in the Ambulatory Setting: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/543.

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Since the Institute of Medicine highlighted the devastating impact of medical errors in their seminal report, “To Err is Human” (2000), efforts have been underway to improve patient safety. A portion of medical errors are due to medication errors, and a large portion of these can be attributed to inadequate laboratory monitoring. In this thesis, I attempt to address this small but important corner of this patient safety endeavor. Why are patients not getting their laboratory monitoring tests? Do they fail to complete them or do doctors not order the tests in the first place? Which prescribers and which patients are least likely to do what is needed for testing to happen and what interventions would be most promising? To address these questions, I conducted a systematic review of existing interventions. I then proceeded with three aims: 1) To identify reasons that patients give for missing monitoring tests; 2) To identify patient and provider factors associated with monitoring test ordering; and 3) To identify patient and provider factors associated with completion of ordered testing. To achieve these aims, I worked with patients and data at the Fallon Clinic. For aim 1, I conducted a qualitative analysis of their reasons for missing tests as well as reporting completion and ordering rates. For aims 2 and 3, I used electronic medical record data and conducted a regression with patient and provider characteristics as covariates to identify factors contributing to test ordering and completion. Interviews revealed that patients had few barriers to completion, with forgetting being the most common reason for missing a test. The quantitative studies showed that: older patients with more interactions with the health care system were more likely to have tests ordered and were more likely to complete them; providers who more frequently prescribe a drug were more likely to order testing for it; and drug-test combinations that were particularly dangerous, indicated by a black box warning, were more likely to have appropriate ordering, though for these combinations, primary care providers were less likely to order tests appropriately, and patients were less likely to complete tests. Taken together, my work can inform future interventions in laboratory monitoring and patient safety.

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Garcia, Thomas. "A behavioral approach of decision making under risk and uncertainty." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2042/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur la façon dont les individus prennent des décisions en présence de risque et d'incertitude. Elle est composée de quatre essais qui étudient théoriquement et expérimentalement la prise de décision.Les deux premiers essais étudient des situations où un décideur doit décider si un événement a eu lieu en utilisant des informations incertaines. Le fait d'identifier correctement que cet événement s'est produit est plus rémunéré que le fait d'identifier correctement qu'il ne s'est pas produit. Ce problème de décision induit une divergence entre deux qualités d'une décision : l'optimalité et l'exactitude. Les deux essais reproduisent de telles situations dans une expérience de laboratoire basée sur des tâches perceptuelles et analysent les décisions en utilisant la théorie de la détection du signal pour étudier l'arbitrage optimalité-exactitude. Le premier essai confirme l'existence d'un tel arbitrage avec un rôle dominant de la recherche de l'exactitude. Il explique l'existence de cet arbitrage par utilité non-monétaire associée au fait d'avoir raison. Le deuxième chapitre montre que présenter les informations perceptuelles en dernier contribue à l'existence de l'arbitrage optimalité-exactitude.Le troisième essai étudie comment les préférences vie-à-vie d'autrui interagissent avec l'attitude face à l'ambiguïté. Il présente les résultats d'une expérience où les sujets doivent faire des dons à des associations caritatives. Les dons peuvent avoir des coûts ou des bénéfices ambigus. Nous constatons que l'ambiguïté a pour effet de rendre les individus plus égoïstes. En d'autres termes, nous montrons que les individus utilisent l'ambiguïté comme une excuse pour ne pas donner. Ce comportement d’auto-justification est plus marqué pour les coûts ambigus que pour les avantages ambigus.Le quatrième essai examine la validité externe des mesures de préférence pour le risque en laboratoire en utilisant des décisions dans d'autres tâches expérimentales risquées et des décisions prisent sur en dehors du laboratoire. Nous constatons que les mesures de préférence pour le risque permettent d'expliquer les premières, mais qu'elles n'expliquent pas les secondes
This thesis investigates how individuals make decisions under risk and uncertainty. It is composed of four essays that theoretically and experimentally investigate decision-making.The first two essays study situations where a decision maker has to decide whether an event has occurred using uncertain evidence. Accurately identifying that this event has occurred is more rewarded than accurately identifying that it has not occurred. This decision problem induces a divergence between two qualities of a decision: optimality and accuracy. Both essays reproduce such situations in a laboratory experiment based on perceptual tasks and analyze behavior using Signal Detection Theory to study the optimality-accuracy trade-off. The first essay confirms the existence of the trade-off with a leading role of accuracy. It explains the trade-off by the concern of individuals for being right. The second chapter finds that presenting perceptual evidence last contributes to the existence of the optimality-accuracy trade-off.The third essay studies how other-regarding preferences interact with attitude toward ambiguity. It reports the results of an experiment where subjects have to make donations to charities. Donations may have either ambiguous costs or ambiguous benefits. We find that other-regarding preferences are decreased under ambiguity. In other terms, we highlight that individual use ambiguity has an excuse not to give. This excuse-driven behavior is stronger for ambiguous costs than ambiguous benefits.The fourth essay challenges the external validity of laboratory risk preference measures using behavior in experimental risk tasks and naturally occurring behavior under risk. We find that risk preference measures are related with the former but that they fail to explain the latter

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Garcia, Thomas. "A behavioral approach of decision making under risk and uncertainty." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132313/1/Thomas%20Jean-Christophe%20Lucien_Garcia_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigates how individuals make decisions under risk and uncertainty. It is composed of four essays that theoretically and experimentally investigate decision-making. First, I study situations where individuals must decide whether an event has occurred using uncertain evidence. I highlight that individuals tend to maximize accuracy instead of maximizing expected payoffs. I find that it is partially due to the existence of a value of being right and a recency bias. Second, I study how ambiguity on the costs or the benefits of a donation affects donation behavior. I show that individuals use ambiguity strategically as an excuse to behave less generously without feeling guilty. Finally, I study the external validity of risk preference measures based on a representative panel of the Dutch population. I find that risk-preference measures are related to behavior in experimental risk tasks, however they are not related to risk-taking in the field.

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Sutinen, Jessica. "Identifying Comorbid Risk Factors of West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease in the Ontario Population, 2002-2012, Using Laboratory and Health Administrative Data." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40644.

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Background/Objectives: West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) is a severe neurological illness that develops in approximately 1% of individuals infected with West Nile virus (WNV). Manifesting most frequently as encephalitis (WNE), meningitis (WNM), or acute flaccid paralysis (WNP), there is no cure for WNND beyond supportive care and rehabilitation, and death or permanent disability are common outcomes. As the virus arrived in North America less than 20 years ago, determinants of severe disease progression following infection are still being explored. This project is the first to examine comorbid conditions as risk factors of WNND in Ontario using a population-based study design. As prevention is the only avenue of defence against WNND, identifying comorbid risk factors of WNND would allow for public health prevention campaigns targeted to high-risk groups. The main objectives of this thesis were to explore whether pre-existing chronic diseases were associated with the development of WNND, or any of its three manifestations (i.e., encephalitis, meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis). Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based study including all Ontario residents with a confirmed diagnosis of WNV infection between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2012. A cohort of individuals with WNV was identified from a provincial laboratory database and individually-linked to health administrative databases. In the WNV cohort, individuals with WNND and 13 comorbid conditions were identified using algorithms based on ICD-10-CA diagnostic codes. Incidence of WNND following WNV infection was then compared among individuals with and without comorbid conditions using relative risks estimated by log binomial regression. Additionally, risk ratios were calculated for associations between specific comorbid conditions and WNND neuroinvasive manifestation (i.e., encephalitis, meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis). Finally, associations between Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scoring and development of WNND was examined through calculation of relative risk using log binomial regression. Results/Potential Impact: Risk factors for WNND included male sex (aRR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.00-1.46) in addition to the combined effect of hypertension and increasing age (5-year intervals) (aRR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.08-1.24); WNND was also associated with increasing CCI scores; individuals in low, medium, and high categories had increased risk compared to individuals with a score of zero, but the greatest risk was in the high CCI category (aRR: 3.45; 95% CI: 2.25-4.83) Male sex (aRR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.00-1.76), increasing age (aRR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.02-1.03), and being immunocompromised (aRR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.23-4.53) were associated with development of WNE. No risk factors were identified for WNM and WNP. Identification of comorbid risk factors of WNND will allow public health officials to identify high-risk groups and to develop prevention strategies targeted for vulnerable individuals.

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Keefer, Chelsea Elizabeth. "Use of Plant Growth Regulators to Expand the Period of Sagebrush Seed Germination and Reduce the Risk of Restoration Failure: Laboratory Trials." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8576.

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Seed germination during unhospitable environmental conditions can be a major barrier to direct seeding efforts in dryland systems. In the sagebrush steppe, Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis and Artemisia arbuscula are important shrub species that are being used in restoration, but seeding success is highly sporadic due to inter-annual and intra-seasonal weather variability. Altering and expanding the period of germination, as a form of bet-hedging, may improve plant establishment. Our objective was to determine if we could expand the period of germination using plant growth regulators (PGRs) applied in a conglomerated seed coating treatment. In a laboratory study, the seed was either left untreated, conglomerated separately with two concentrations of a germination inhibitor, abscisic acid (ABA), or with two different germination promoters, gibberellic acid (GA3) and 1-Aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC), a precursor to ethylene. Seeds were incubated in a loam soil at five constant temperatures (5-25 C) for approximately three months. Results indicate that seed treatments with PGRs can delay or speed germination. The greatest response to the seed treatments was observed at 5 C. For example, at this temperature PGRs delayed the time for 25% of the seeds to germinate by a maximum of 35 and 21 d and decreased this time by 5 and 25 d for A. t. ssp. Wyomingensis and A. arbuscula, respectively. Field studies are needed to determine if the bet-hedging strategy developed in this study will increase the likelihood that some seeds will germinate during periods that are more favorable for plant establishment.

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Trujillo, Michael A. "A LABORATORY STUDY OF STRESS REACTIONS TO WITNESSING A POLICE KILLING OF AN UNARMED BLACK MAN: DISCRIMINATION, DISTRESS TOLERANCE, ETHNIC IDENTITY, AND RISK-TAKING." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5370.

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Black individuals have been disproportionately targeted by law enforcement, most notably in shooting deaths at the hands of police, and has contributed to a general distrust of law enforcement. A rise in citizen journalism has helped document excessive use of force by police on video; however, little is known how individuals respond to viewing this type of media. A history of race-based stress is likely to contribute to an expectation of racism and may impact how individuals respond to videos of the treatment of unarmed Black men at the hands of police, with some evidence suggesting ethnic identity may moderate this relationship. Additionally, stress has been previously associated with risky health behaviors and risk-taking more generally; however, little is known whether the response to race-related stressors is in line with past work and whether distress tolerance may moderate this relationship. This study sought to contribute to this literature by examining if racial differences exist in the stress response to a video of police fatally wounding an unarmed black man and if this response (1) was predicted by stigma-related stressors (discrimination, anticipatory racism); (2) was associated with risk-taking; and (3) was moderated by ethnic identity and distress tolerance. Results showed that White respondents evidence greater galvanic skin response than Black respondents; however, there were no other significant racial differences in heart rate variability, systolic blood pressure, or negative affect via facial electromyography in response to the video. The stress response did not predict risk-taking nor was distress tolerance a significant moderator of this relationship. Among Black respondents, stigma-related stressors did not predict the stress response. Levels of ethnic identity commitment marginally interacted with discrimination in predicting heart rate variability, such that individuals with greater levels of commitment evidenced lower heart rate variability as experiences of discrimination increased compared to those with lower levels of commitment. There were no other significant or marginally significant interactions of ethnic identity with stigma-related stressors in predicting the stress response. Stigma-related stressors did not predict risk-taking nor were there indirect effects through the stress response. Health implications and directions for future research are discussed.

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Salie, Faatiema. "An investigation into turbine ventilators as a potential environmental control measure to minimise the risk of transmission of tuberculosis - a laboratory and field study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13285.

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Includes bibliographical references.
TB is an airborne infectious disease which is spread by droplet nuclei, carrying Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in the air. The droplet nuclei small enough to enter human respiratory pathways are 1-5 μm in size and are able to travel long distances (Hodgson, et al., 2009) (WHO, 1999), and can be distributed widely throughout (hospital) buildings (Beggs, Noakes, Sleigh, Fletcher, & Siddiqi, 2003). These droplet nuclei may remain suspended in the air until they are removed by dilution ventilation or other disinfection methods (Parsons, Hussey, Abbott, & de Jager, 2008) (National Department of Health, 2007). Dilution ventilation refers to the dilution of contaminated air with “clean” air (ACGIH, 2005), thereby reducing the concentration of contaminants in the room. One of the recognised approaches for minimising the risk of transmission of TB is to adequately ventilate the contaminated room/space. A higher ventilation rate can provide higher dilution capability, in turn reducing the risk of airborne infections (WHO, 2009). The parameters of concern in ventilation design are ventilation flow rate and airflow pattern in the room (and building). The former reduces contaminant concentration while the latter aims to move uncontaminated air to high risk areas, and contaminated air away from occupied areas, usually to the outside. The shortcomings of conventional natural ventilation strategies are well documented. The aim of this research project is to review and study the effectiveness of natural ventilation design supplemented by a turbine ventilator. The project was divided into two components: a field study and laboratory experiments. In the field study, a turbine ventilator was installed into a bedroom of a low-income house in Pretoria. Tracer gas (concentration decay) tests were performed to determine the ventilation flow rates, mean age of air and air change efficiency of four natural ventilation configurations. These included infiltration/leakage (IL), two cases of single-sided ventilation (SS1 and SS2), and crossventilation (CV). Three baseline (without the turbine ventilator) and three turbine ventilator tests were performed, one each in the morning, noon and afternoon. The tests were performed between February and April 2011 on typical summer days. The turbine ventilator was then tested in a laboratory environment under wind, buoyancy and a combination of wind and buoyancy forces. The wind speeds were low, ranging from 0.0 to 0.5 m/s (0.0 to 1.8 km/h), and the temperature differential tested was in the range of 5.5 to 9.3˚C. The in-duct velocities and centreline velocities were investigated to establish if, under the subjected force(s), a capture envelope described by Dalla Valle’s equation could be measured. This envelope would be used to determine if the turbine ventilator could potentially reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants in the test volume. In the field study baseline tests, IL, SS1, CV and SS2 mean – and range of - ventilation flow rates of 0.6 [0.5 – 0.6], 8.1 [6.8 – 9.3], 16.9 [14.7 – 19.0] and 7.4 [7.0 – 7.9] ACH, respectively, were reported. The baseline tests highlight the potential of cross-ventilation where, by simply opening windows and doors, a ventilation rate exceeding IPC recommendations was obtained. All configurations, save An investigation into turbine venti lators as a potential environmental co ntrol measur e to minimise the risk of transmission on TB Page IV SS1, appear to have approached the fully-mixed case.SS1 also showed the greatest variability in ventilation flow rates. This finding is not unexpected, as air exchange in single-sided ventilation is due to wind pressure fluctuations, which varied across each test. In addition, in all tests it was found that the ventilation flow rate was dependant on the natural ventilation configuration and openable area, and not necessarily environmental conditions. In the turbine ventilator tests, the mean ventilation flow rates for IL, SS1, CV and SS2 were 1.8 [1.6 – 2.1], 5.4 [5.2 – 5.7], 17.7 [16.0 – 18.6] and 9.5 [8.5 – 10.1] ACH, respectively. The mean ventilation flow rate increased in IL and SS2 with the installation of the turbine ventilator, while in SS1 a decrease was reported. The increase in ventilation flow rate in IL was found to be due to natural convection, where the turbine ventilator merely facilitated the exhaustion of warm air. The results of the field study are specific to the environmental conditions at the time of the test, and are not generalizable. In the laboratory experiments, the in-duct velocity increased with an increase in wind speed and temperature differential. For a given temperature differential, an increase in wind speed resulted in a decrease in in-duct velocity. Across all tests, no centreline velocity profile, described by the Dalla Valle equation, could be measured. In the wind speed tests, no capture envelope could be established. This was due to the low wind speed test range, where the resulting centreline velocity was beyond the limit of detection of the thin-film sensors. In the buoyancy forces test, a turbulent region near the base of the turbine ventilator was realised, where the magnitude and direction of the air flowing at 1.5D continuously changed. This turbulent region was again observed in the combined wind and buoyancy forces tests, though the magnitude was smaller and occurrence less frequent. The results of the laboratory experiments are specific to the parameters tested, and are not generalizable. By correlating the field study, laboratory experiments, and previous (similar) studies, it was concluded, that, under the tested conditions, adding a turbine ventilator as a supplement to natural ventilation system will not reduce the concentration of contaminants in the occupied zone in a room.

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Marini, Matteo Maria. "Essays in Behavioural and Experimental Economics: Emotions, Uncertainty and Cooperation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666278.

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In the first chapter of the dissertation I conduct a laboratory experiment in order to study the effect of incidental sadness and happiness on risky decision making. The analysis reveals that both sadness and happiness are conducive to greater risk aversion with respect to neutral conditions, a result which is consistent with the theory of ego depletion but might be moderated by the risk elicitation task. The second chapter is a meta-analysis of experimental studies on the same topic, so as to explain traditional heterogeneity of outcomes in the field. Among the findings, emotions induce higher risk aversion when a multiple price list à la Holt and Laury (2002) is used in place of stated preferences methods, as well as in case the risk elicitation task is framed as an investment decision instead of an abstract choice. Accordingly, I recommend faithful study replication as preferential path for future investigations. The third chapter offers experimental evidence on the impact of communication on the provision of binary threshold public goods whose quality is uncertain. I find that communication significantly increases public good provision by reducing undercontribution, although massive overcontribution is observed. Therefore, I propose the pursuit of symmetric payoffs within the group as effective explanation and I nally speculate that under uncertainty satisficing is more salient than optimizing.
En el primer capítulo de la tesis se realiza un experimento de laboratorio con el fin de estudiar el efecto de las emociones de tristeza y felicidad, sentidas como casuales no relacionadas con la decisión propiamente dicha, sobre la toma de decisiones bajo riesgo. El análisis revela que los dos tipos de emociones, tanto tristeza como felicidad, suponen mayor aversión al riesgo en relación a condiciones neutrales, un resultado que puede moderarse por la tarea de elicitación de actitud frente al riesgo. El segundo capítulo es un metanálisis de estudios experimentales sobre el tema analizado en el primer capítulo, con el objetivo de explicar la heterogenidad tradicional de los resultados en la literatura sobre el tema. Como resultado, las emociones inducen mayor nivel de aversión al riesgo cuando la elicitación se realiza a partir de una lista múltiple de precios à la Holt and Laury (2002) en vez de con métodos de preferencias declaradas. También ocurre cuando la tarea de elicitación de la actitud frente al riesgo se etiqueta como una decisión de inversión en vez de una elección abstracta. El tercer capítulo ofrece evidencia sobre el impacto de la comunicación en la provisión de bienes públicos cuya calidad es incierta. Se encuentra que la comunicación incrementa de forma significativa la provisión del bien público reduciendo la ineficiencia que proviene de una contribución derrochadora e ineficiente, sin embargo se observa una masiva sobre-contribución. Por lo tanto, se propone la búsqueda de pagos simétricos dentro del grupo como explicación persuasiva y se especula en definitiva que, en condiciones de incertidumbre, se prioriza satisfacer a optimizar.

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Bertling, Sofia. "Corrosion-included metal runoff from external constructions and its environmental interaction : a combined field and laboratory investigation of Zn, Cu, Cr and Ni for risk assessment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175.

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The 1990s has seen an increased awareness of possible environmental effects of corrosion-induced metal release from outdoor constructions. Considerable efforts have been initiated to perform critical assessments of possible risks of selected metals. Gaps of knowledge have been identified and research investigations started. This doctoral thesis is the result of an interdisciplinary research effort in which scientific insight into corrosion, soil chemistry and ecotoxicology has been integrated. The work comprises atmospheric exposure of pure metals and commercial materials for outdoor use. The focus is on release of four metals, copper, zinc, chromium and nickel. Their chemical speciation and bioavailable fraction in metal runoff were determined, both at the release moment and after environmental interaction with, e.g., soil and limestone. Total metal concentrations in runoff are influenced both by material properties (e.g., corrosion product solubility, and specific surface area) and by exposure parameters (e.g., rain volume, intensity, contact time and pollutants). Long-term runoff rates of copper, zinc, chromium and nickel were based on exposures (4-8 years) at standardized conditions (45o inclination facing south) in Stockholm, Sweden. Runoff rates for pure copper range from 1.2 to 1.5 g m-2 yr-1, depending on year. At the copper release moment the potential environmental effect was evaluated using 72 hours growth inhibition test with the green algae Raphidocelis subcapitata. This resulted in a mean value of 15 μg L-1 causing a 50% growth reduction (EC50). Long-term runoff rates for pure zinc range from 1.9 to 2.5 g m-2 yr-1. A considerable variation in average annual runoff rates (0.07-2.5 mg zinc m2yr-1) was observed between different investigated commercial zinc-based materials. An average 72 hour (EC50) value of 69 μg L-1 towards Raphidocelis subcapitata was found for runoff water from zinc-based materials. Long-term runoff rates from stainless steel of grade 304 and 316 range from 0.23 to 0.30 chromium and 0.28 to 0.52 nickel mg m-2 yr-1, with corresponding concentrations in the runoff at the release moment far below reported ecotoxic concentrations for chromium and nickel. Two predictive runoff rate models were successfully developed for transforming copper runoff rate data from Stockholm to other exposure sites. One model is based on rain pH, yearly precipitation and building geometry, and the other on average annual SO2 concentration, yearly precipitation and building geometry. In addition to total metal concentration, adequate effect assessments also require information on chemical speciation of the released metal and its bioavailability. Metal chemical speciation in runoff was determined experimentally through an ion selective electrode (for copper), and also modelled with the Windermere Humic Aquatic model (WHAM (V)). Bioavailability assessments were generated through bioassay tests. At the moment of metal release, all methods show that the majority (60-99%) of the metal in runoff exists in its most bioavailable form, the hydrated metal ion. During subsequent environmental entry the metal undergoes major reductions in concentration and bioavailability. This was evidenced by model column studies of the capacity of soil to retain and immobilize the metal in runoff water, and by model and field column studies of the capacity of limestone to retain copper. The retention by soil of all metals investigated is very high (96-99.8%) until each materials retention capacity is reached. Limestone also exhibits a substantial capacity (5- 47%) to retain copper. The capacity is significantly increased by increased amount and decreased fraction of limestone particles. Any outer or inner surface with significant retention ability and with low possibility of subsequent mobilization is an excellent candidate for neutralizing metal release and its potential ecotoxic effects. This was demonstrated through computer modelling (WHAM(V)) and biosensor tests (Biomet™), which showed the most bioavailable and ecotoxic metal species to be reduced during passage through soil and limestone. Predictions based on the computer model HYDRUS-1D suggest a time-period of between 4 and 8000 years, depending on runoff water and soil characteristics, before saturation in soil retention capacity of copper and zinc is reached. A significant fraction of the retained metal is extractable towards the strong complexing agent EDTA, indicating possible future mobilisation. It is also available for plant uptake, as shown by DGT- (Diffuse Gradients in Thin films-) analysis of copper and zinc in soil. The data generated, presented and discussed are all believed to be important for risk assessment work related to corrosion-induced metal release from outdoor constructions. As evidenced from this doctoral thesis, such work requires a complete set of data on annual runoff rates, concentrations, chemical speciation and bioavailability and its changes during environmental entry, together with knowledge on, e.g., type of material, service life of coating, building geometry, and dewatering system.
QC 20100901

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Bertling, Sofia. "Corrosion-induced metal runoff from external constructions and its environmental interaction : a combined field and laboratory investigation of Zn, Cu, Cr and Ni for risk assessment /." Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175.

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Lampach, Nicolas. "Essays on risk management in the presence of ambiguity." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAB009/document.

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La thèse vise à établir une gestion du risque technologique optimal pour assurer la réduction des dangers de nouveaux risques émergents, sans entraver le chemin de l'innovation. Les travaux de recherche apportent une contribution aux stratégies ex-ante et ex-post de la gestion des risques et fournissent des données théoriques et empiriques pour aborder la gestion des nouveaux risques émergents. La première partie de la thèse examine, du point de vue juridique et économique, l'efficacité de la règle de la responsabilité civile lorsque le décideur manque d'information sur la probabilité d'un événement. La deuxième partie de la thèse porte une attention particulière à la transition énergétique en France afin de se concentrer sur l'assurabilité de la performance énergétique dans le secteur du logement. Les résultats théoriques et expérimentaux de la première partie de la recherche attestent d'une forte validité empirique selon laquelle le droit de la responsabilité civile ne peut pas fournir des incitations optimales ex-ante en absence d'information sur la probabilité d'accident. Les régimes de la responsabilité illimitée et limitée conduisent à un surinvestissement dans la prévention par rapport aux nouveaux risques émergents. Les résultats empiriques de la deuxième partie de la thèse révèlent que 23,75% des ménages, qui ont participé au programme de rénovation "Je Rénove BBC", ne peuvent pas atteindre l'objectif d'énergie prévu, mais l'amplitude de l'écart de performance énergétique est relativement faible. Les résultats des travaux de recherche impliquent plusieurs recommandations politiques pour gérer les nouvelles technologies émergentes dans le futur
The thesis aims to establish an optimal technological risk management to ensure hazard reduction of new emerging risks without impeding the innovation path. The research work contributes to ex-ante and ex-post risk management strategies and provides theoretical and empirical evidence to address the management of new emerging risks. The first part of the thesis examines, from the perspective of Law and Economics, the effectiveness of the tort liability rule for the situation where the decision maker is lacking information about the probability of an event to occur. The second part of the thesis pays particular attention to the environmental energy transition in France and focus on the insurability of the energy performance in the housing sector. The theoretical and experimental findings from the first part of the research convey strong validity that tort law cannot provide ex-ante optimal incentives when there is lacking information about the probability of accident. The regime of unlimited and limited liability leads to overinvestment in prevention in regard to new emerging risks. The empirical results of the second part of the thesis reveal that 23.75% of households participated in the weatherization program "Je Rénove BBC" do not achieve the required energy target but the severity of the energy performance gap is relatively low. The findings of the research work imply several policy recommendations to manage new emerging technologies in the future

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Soler, Lecha Anna. "Desenvolupament de la gestió del risc al laboratori clínic. Aplicació al procés analític del Programa de Cribratge Neonatal de Catalunya." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670019.

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La gestió del risc és una activitat que s’ha anat introduint al laboratori clínic en els darrers anys. Una de les eines més utilitzades per al seu estudi és l’Anàlisi Modal de Fallades i Efectes (AMFE), però té l’inconvenient d’utilitzar escales subjectives per realitzar la caracterització dels errors a partir de la valoració de la seva probabilitat d’aparició, gravetat i capacitat de detecció. Una altra eina, la mètrica Sigma, permet avaluar, a partir dels errors detectats, el rendiment d’un procés d’una manera objectiva i quantitativa, utilitzant una escala internacionalment reconeguda. En aquesta Tesi, s’han utilitzat les dues eines per a la gestió dels riscos del procés analític del Programa de Cribratge Neonatal de Catalunya, al llarg dels anys 2016-2018, a la seqüència metodològica que es descriu a continuació. En primer lloc, l’aplicació de l’AMFE i de la mètrica Sigma han permès avaluar els possibles errors potencials, al llarg de tot el procés analític del Programa, calculant el Número de Priorització del Risc (NPR) mitjançant l’AMFE i el valor de Sigma () a partir de la freqüència d’aparició de cada error expressada com a Defectes Per Milió d’Oportunitats (DPMO). En segon lloc, s’ha determinat el grau de concordança de la informació que ofereixen les dues metodologies establint una correspondència quant als valors i significat dels resultats obtinguts amb cada una d’elles. El resultat s’ha utilitzat per establir l’acceptació o no del risc i quan cal introduir millores. Els resultats finals de l’estudi mostren que s’han detectat 48 riscos al llarg del procés analític del Programa de Cribratge Neonatal: 14 a la fase pre pre analítica, 6 a la fase pre analítica, 22 a la fase analítica, 5 a la fase post analítica i 1 a la fase post post analítica. En 14 riscos es va trobar que no existia una concordança entre els resultats de les dues metodologies, i precisaven d’un seguiment acurat de cadascun d’ells per prendre la decisió més convenient. De la resta, 27 riscos es van considerar residuals i no calia fer cap acció de millora perquè els valors de NPR i de Sigma () es trobaven en el marge acceptable establert, però 6 riscos no eren acceptables i requerien la introducció d’accions de millora. Aquests 6 riscos es distribuïen de la següent manera: 4 riscos a la fase pre pre analítica, 1 risc a la fase analítica i 1risc a la fase post analítica. Ha estat el laboratori o bé l’Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, d’acord amb els responsables del laboratori, els encarregats d’establir les accions de millora amb l’objectiu de mitigar o eliminar aquests riscos. Per demostrar que la metodologia desenvolupada pot ser d’aplicació en d’altres àmbits del laboratori clínic, es mostren els resultats de la seva aplicació a les fases extra analítiques dels processos analítics del Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic. S’han detectat 14 riscos a la fase pre pre analítica en què existeix una concordança entre els resultats del NPR de l’AMFE i el valor de Sigma (). En tots els casos es tracta de riscos menors i residuals. A partir dels resultats obtinguts es mostra que la metodologia que es proposa pot ser de gran utilitat per a la gestió dels riscos de qualsevol activitat del laboratori clínic i que les eines utilitzades (AMFE i Sigma) ofereixen informació complementària: amb l’AMFE a més de la priorització dels riscos, es posa de manifest la gravetat i la capacitat de detecció d’un error potencial mentre que la mètrica Sigma dóna idea del rendiment del procés.
Risk management has been introduced in clinical laboratories in recent years. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Sigma metrics have been used for the risk management of the analytical process of the Neonatal Screening Program of Catalonia from 2016 to 2018. The methodological sequence that has been used was: firstly, the application of FMEA and Sigma metrics; secondly, the establishment of a correspondence of the degree of agreement of the information provided by the two methodologies, and finally, the criteria to decide whether or not to accept the risk have been defined The results of the study show that 48 risks have been detected throughout the analytical process of the Neonatal Screening Program: 14 in the pre-pre-analytical phase, 6 in the pre-analytical phase, 22 in the analytical phase, 5 in the post-analytical phase and 1 in the post-post-analytical phase. It was found that in 14 risks there was no agreement between the results of the NPR provided by the FMEA and the Sigma value. Another 28 were considered marginal risks and improvement actions were not required. A further 6 risks were classified as not acceptable risks and required the introduction of improvement actions and were distributed as follows: 4 in the pre-analytical phase; 1 in the analytical phase and 1 in the post-analytical phase. It has been the laboratory or the Public Health Agency of Catalonia (in agreement with laboratory staff), who established the improvement actions with the aim of mitigating or eliminating the risks. In order to demonstrate that the developed methodology may be applicable in other areas of the clinical laboratory, results of its application to the extra-analytical phases of the analytical processes carried out at the Biomedical Diagnostic Centre are also shown. These results show that the proposed methodology can be useful for the risk management of any activity undertaken in a clinical laboratory. Moreover, FMEA and Sigma metric tools give complementary information in addition to risk prioritization. FMEA highlights the severity and ability to detect a potential error, while Sigma metrics provide an idea of process performance.

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Öberg, Mattias U. L. "Health risk assessment of dioxin-like compounds in complex samples /." Stockholm : Karolinska inst, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-692-8.

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Attallah, May. "Strategies of Information Acquisition Under Uncertainty." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1G023/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est de présenter quatre essais en économie comportementale et expérimentale sur prise de décision dans le risque et l’ambiguïté. Le premier essai présente une synthèse et un point de vue sur la représentativité des résultats expérimentaux en matière de préférences : préférences sociales et préférences concernant le risque et le temps dans les pays développés ainsi que dans les pays en voie de développement. Le deuxième essai explore expérimentalement l’effet du risque et de l’ambiguïté sur le comportement de recherche d’emploi en horizon infini. Les résultats montrent qu’en risque et ambiguïté, les salaires de réservation sont inférieurs aux valeurs théoriques et diminuent au cours du processus de recherche. De même, les sujets se comportent comme des agents neutre à l’ambiguïté. Le troisième et quatrième essai étudient l’effet du contexte social et la corrélation des paiements sur les attitudes face au risque et à l’ambiguïté respectivement dans le domaine de gain, perte et le domaine mixte. Les résultats montrent que l’introduction du contexte social a un effet significatif sur les attitudes face au risque dans les trois domaines. Néanmoins, la corrélation des risques a un effet sur les attitudes face au risque seulement dans le domaine mixte. Les attitudes face à l’ambiguïté varient selon le domaine. De même, la corrélation des paiements diminuent l’aversion à l’ambiguïté
The objective of this thesis is to present four essays in behavioral and experimental economics on decision-making under risk and ambiguity. The first essay presents a synthesis and a point of view on the representativeness of experimental results regarding individual preferences: social preferences and risk and time preferences, in developed countries as well as in developing countries. The second essay explores experimentally the effect of risk and ambiguity on job search behavior in an infinite horizon. The results show that in risk and ambiguity, reservation wages are lower than the theoretical values and decrease during the search process. Similarly, subjects behave as ambiguity neutral agents. The third and fourth essay examine the effect of the social context and the correlation of payments on attitudes towards risk and ambiguity respectively in gain, loss and mixed domain. The results show that the introduction of the social context has a significant effect on attitudes towards risk in all three domains. Nevertheless, the correlation of risks has an effect on risk attitudes only in the mixed domain. As for ambiguity, ambiguity attitudes vary across domains. The correlation of payments decreases ambiguity aversion

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Rosa, Diego Antonio de Oliveira. "Gerenciamento de risco aplicado a procedimentos de ensaios de equipamentos eletromédicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-12062013-165607/.

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Os laboratórios de ensaios, para melhor avaliarem os equipamentos eletromédicos, precisarão implantar no seu sistema de gestão, o processo de Gerenciamento de Risco. Este novo tema está prescrito na edição da Norma ABNT NBR IEC 60601-1:2010 Requisitos Gerais para Segurança Básica e Desempenho Essencial que entrará em vigor a partir de 2012 no Brasil. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar resumidamente as etapas do processo utilizado para implantar o Gerenciamento de Risco nos procedimentos de ensaios de equipamentos eletromédicos, visando atender aos novos requisitos da série de Normas ABNT NBR IEC 60601/80601 objetivando a melhoria contínua do Sistema de Gestão de laboratórios de ensaios acreditados pelo INMETRO. O método utilizado para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho consistiu no estudo detalhado das duas edições brasileiras da Norma Geral, de Normas Colaterais, a da Norma Particular de bomba de infusão e controladores, bem como a Norma ABNT NBR ISO 14971:2009. Após o estudo destas Normas, foram analisados alguns arquivos de Gerenciamento de Risco fornecidos por fabricantes de equipamentos eletromédicos e realizado o estudo de algumas ferramentas utilizadas para o desenvolvimento do Gerenciamento de Risco como, por exemplo, FMEA, FTA e HAZOP. Também foram realizados treinamentos com a equipe do laboratório de ensaio para sua capacitação. Com esta série de atividades, foi possível o desenvolvimento e implantação dos necessários procedimentos de ensaios na DEC-LEB/EPUSP e a validação dos mesmos. Para a validação desses procedimentos foi utilizada uma bomba de infusão, juntamente com todos os seus documentos acompanhantes. O resultado final obtido foi a capacitação da DEC-LEB/EPUSP para a realização de ensaios conforme as novas edições das Normas que incorporam Gerenciamento de Risco em suas prescrições, concluindo-se que os laboratórios de ensaios deverão incluir os devidos procedimentos com cuidado e capacitação de seus recursos humanos.
To better evaluate the medical electrical equipment the laboratories for testing will need to deploy in its management system, the process of Risk Management. This new theme is prescribed in the edition of ABNT NBR IEC 60601-1:2010, which will take effect from 2012 in Brazil. This research aims to show brief the process used to implement the Risk Management procedures for testing medical electrical equipment, to meet the new requirements of the series of ABNT NBR IEC 60601/80601 aiming at continuous improvement of the management systems of laboratories for testing accredited by INMETRO. The method used for the development of this research was the detailed study of two Brazilian editions of the General Standard, Collateral Standards, Particular Standard of infusion pumps and controllers, as well as the ABNT NBR ISO 14971:2009. After studying these Standards, some Risk Management files provided by manufacturers of medical electrical equipment were analyzed and performed the study of some tools used for the development of Risk Management, for example, FMEA, FTA and HAZOP. Trainings were also conducted to the whole laboratory for testing team. With these activities, it was possible to develop and deploy the necessary testing procedures in DEC-LEB/EPUSP and validate procedures for testing. An infusion pump for the validation of these procedures was used, along with all its accompanying documents. The final result was the training of DEC-LEB/EPUSP team for testing as new editions of the standards that incorporate Risk Management in their prescriptions, concluding that laboratories for testing must include appropriate procedures and training of their human resources.

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Gontijo, Érica Eugênio Lourenço. "Comparação do sucesso na produção e qualidade de embriões entre um laboratório convencional e um laboratório ISO 5/7 e fatores relacionados a gravidez." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6217.

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Outro
INTRODUCTION: The frequency of embryo production and successful pregnancy are the main parameters used to measure the quality of human reproduction laboratories. OBJECTIVE: We compared the success in the production and quality of embryos, success rate and factors related to pregnancy in LabRep/HC/UFG before deep adjustments estrututurais, when it was classified as conventional laboratory and after adequaçãos, when it began to be classified as an ISO 5/7 laboratory and factors related to the success of fertilization. METHOD: The study was divided into two parts. The first evaluated the embryo quality and the second risk factors capable of interfering with the success of pregnancy. information of 278 cycles of women were surveyed who submitted any Assisted Human Reproduction technique during the study period. In the first analysis were surveyed: cleavage of the embryo, the result of βHCG, embryo quality and microbiological contamination of the means of embryos crops. In the second, they evaluated the size of follicles per woman, amount of aspirated oocytes, raised, inseminated and injected, ovarian stimulation scheme, maternal infections, infertility period and sperm quality. The study design was a case control. Data were entered into Epi-Info 3.3.2 and analyzed in BioEstat 5.3 program. We evaluated the relationship between the groups and the factors and the success of pregnancy the odds ratio (OR) and chi-square test (p = 0.05). RESULTS: In the first analysis it was observed that the ISO 5/7 laboratory, there were successful in the formation of embryos and the conventional O , CI - 2: 0.24, p: 0.81). 5/7 96.6% ISO laboratory embryos were generated A or B, since the conventional laboratory, 90.4% were A or B. The pregnancy success in the laboratory I O was , and conventional laboratory O CI to 2: 2,24; p: 0.13). The second correlation was found with pregnancy failure female factors: having more than 40 years (OR 6.04, CI: 1.34 to 27.08; p: 0.010), higher infertility time 97 months (OR: 4.49, CI: 1.65 to 12, .21; p: 0.00) and have endometrial thickness of less than 10mm (OR: 5.42, CI: 2.44 to 12.05; p:0.001). The male factors with correlation were: oligozoospermia (OR:3,35; IC:1,41-7,92; p:0,010) e teratozoospermia (OR:4,14; IC:1,89-9,07; p:0,010).Microbiological contamination was found in 11.06% of semen samples. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistical difference between the results of the two laboratories, however we observed a trend of better quality embryos in ISO 5/7 laboratory. It was concluded that the patients attended the LabRep/HC/UFG, present a great heterogeneity of clinical profiles and different reproductive characteristics. It shows how a major challenge that encourages the ongoing investment in cutting edge technology and processes, as well as constant improvement of the multidisciplinary team that make up the lab.
INTRODUÇÃO: A frequência de produção de embriões e sucesso na gravidez são os principais parâmetros usados para verificar a qualidade de laboratórios de reprodução humana. OBJETIVO: Comparar o sucesso na produção e qualidade de embriões, taxa de sucesso e fatores relacionados a gravidez no LabRep/HC/UFG, antes de profundas adequações estrututurais, quando era classificado como laboratório convencional e após as adequaçãos, quando passou a ser classificado como um laboratório ISO 5/7 e os fatores relacionados ao sucesso da fertilização. MÉTODO: O desenho do estudo foi do tipo caso controle. Os dados foram inseridos no programa Epi-Info 3.3.2 ® e analisados no programa BioEstat 5.3 ®. Foram avaliadas a relação entre os grupos e dos fatores e o sucesso da gravidez pelo odds ratio (OR) e qui-quadrado (p=0,05). O estudo se deu no Laboratório de Reprodução Humana do HC/UFG Goiânia-Goiás. Foram pesquisadas informações de 278 ciclos de mulheres que submeteram a uer técnica de FIV, ICSI E IIU, como tratamento de Reprodução Humana Assistida no período do estudo. O trabalho foi dividido em três artigos para melhor compreensão dos resultados. No primeiro artigo realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre relação entre alterações bioquímicas, ambientais e microbiológicas e o sucesso da técnica de fertilização in vitro. O segundo artigo avaliou a qualidade embrionária e o terceiro, os fatores de risco com capacidade de interferir no sucesso da gestação. Na primeira análise foram pesquisadas: clivagem do embrião, resultado do βHCG, qualidade embrionária e a contaminação microbiológica dos meios de cultivos de embriões. Na segunda, foram avaliados o tamanho dos folículos por mulher, quantidade de oócitos aspirados, captados, inseminados e injetados, esquema de estimulação ovariana, infecções maternas, período de infertilidade e qualidade espermática. RESULTADOS: No primeiro trabalho científico onde comparou-se o sucesso na produção e qualidade de embriões, taxa de sucesso e contaminação microbiológica nos meios de cultura onde os embriões foram cultivados antes das adequações estrututurais, quando era classificado como laboratório convencional e após as adequaçãos, quando passou a ser classificado como um laboratório ISO 5/7, foi observado que no laboratório ISO 5/7, houve 74,1% de sucesso na formação de embriões e no convencional 67,8% (OR:1,30; IC:0,47-3,61; אּ2:0,24; p:0,81). No laboratório ISO 5/7 96,6% dos embriões gerados eram A ou B, já no laboratório convencional, 90,4% eram A ou B. O sucesso de gravidez no laboratório ISO 5/7 foi de 22,8% e no laboratório convencional de 36,2% (OR:1,9; IC: 0,81-4,52; אּ 2: 2,24; p: 0,13). No segundo trabalho científico onde avaliou-se os fatores relacionados a gravidez no LabRep/HC/UFG, foi encontrado correlação do insucesso de gravidez com os fatores femininos: ter mais de 40 anos (OR: 6,04; IC: 1,34-27,08; p:0,010), tempo de infertilidade superior a 97 meses (OR: 4,49; IC: 1,65-12,.21; p:0,001) e possuir endométrio com espessura inferior a 10mm (OR: 5,42; IC: 2,44-12,05; p:0,001). Os fatores masculinos com correlação foram: oligozoospermia (OR: 3,35; IC: 1,41-7,92; p:0,010), teratozoospermia (OR: 4,14; IC: 1,89-9,07; p:0,010). Foi encontrado contaminação microbiológica em 6.11% das amostras de sêmen. CONCLUSÕES: No primeiro trabalho científico foi possível concluir que não houve diferença estatística entre os resultados dos entre os dois laboratórios. No segundo trabalho científico concluiu-se que os fatores relacionados ao insucesso do tratamento de reprodução assistida encontrados foram: idade superior a 40 anos, tempo de infertilidade superior a 96 meses e espessura endometrial inferior a 10mm e presença de sêmen de baixa qualidade.

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Taylor, C. J. "Juvenile onset coeliac disease in Liverpool : A reappraisal; I Epidemiology and clinical and laboratory risk factors; II The diagnostic value of circulating antibodies to cow's milk proteins and gliadin, detected by ELISA." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383577.

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Koduri, Gouri. "Long term outcomes from an inception cohort, ERAS (Early Rheumatoid Arthitis Study). A proslective study of the frequency, clinical and laboratory risk factors for the cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality and comorbidity in early RA." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.588762.

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Background RA is reported to be an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality, but there is little data from inception cohorts. Part of this excess risk appears to be driven by systemic inflammation. This MD thesis is divided into two parts. The first is an analysis of eo-morbidity and mortality in RA, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD), in an established inception cohort. The second is a study to examine clinical and sub clinical features of CVD in early RA in greater detail. Methods The Early RA Study (ERAS) is an inception cohort (n=1460) with up to 23yrs follow up. Clinical, laboratory and radiological assessments were made yearly. Outcomes included functional and work disability, joint damage, disease activity, treatment effects, extra-articular manifestations, eo-morbidity and mortality. 50 early RA patients were recruited into a separate study using the ERAS model, but additionally included clinical CVD risk factors and laboratory CRP and endothelial biomarkers. Results Increased and early mortality was found in the ERAS cohort (573, 39%), mainly due to CVD (40%). Baseline prevalence of major co-morbidities was 32% (respiratory 7.5%, CVD 5%). Cumulative incidence of several eo morbid conditions was increased, especially CVD and respiratory (2111000 each). The main risk factors for all cause and cardiovascular mortality were similar and included older age, men, disease activity and worse HAQ. Cc-morbidity was associated with functional and work disability. In the sub study, only one endothelial biomarker was elevated (E- Selectin) and was associated with disease activity. Conclusion Cc-morbidity and mortality were increased and manifested early in the course of RA, mainly due to CVD and respiratory conditions. Co-morbidity was associated with disease activity and severity, and worse outcomes. Endothelial cell activation was not expressed at disease onset. Assessment of eo-morbidity and CVD risk should be part of an annual review in RA.

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Koch, David R. "Field and laboratory application of a gas chromatograph low thermal mass resistively heated column system in detecting traditional and non-traditional chemical warfare agents using solid phase micro-extraction /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Koch2005.pdf.

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Giusti, Giovanni 1984. "Three essays in experimental economics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284453.

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This thesis is composed of three essays. In the first essay (joint with Janet Jiang and Xiping Xu) we study asset price bubbles in a laboratory experiment. By introducing interest payments on cash we separate the effect of trading opportunity cost from the role of asset fundamental value trend on bubble formation. Results show that the fundamental value trend plays a more critical role. In the second essay (joint with Charles Noussair and Hans-Joachim Voth) we study in a laboratory setting the importance of several historical institutional features that characterized the South Sea bubble. Our main finding is that the debt-equity swap was the single biggest contributor for the stock price explosion. In the third essay we study in an experiment how different dynamics of piece rate monetary incentives affect participants’ effort provision. Our main finding shows that a decrease in piece rate following an increase has detrimental effects for participants’ effort provision.
Aquesta tesi conté tres assaigs. En el primer assaig (conjunt amb Janet Jiang i Xiping Xu) estudiem la bombolla de preus d’actius en un experiment de laboratori. Introduint els pagaments d’interessos en efectiu separem l’efecte del cost d’oportunitat de comerciar de la trajectòria del valor fonamental de l’actiu. Els resultats mostren que la trajectòria del valor fonamental juga un paper molt crític. En el segon assaig (conjunt amb Charles Noussair i Hans-Joachim Voth) estudiem en un laboratori la importància de diverses característiques institucionals històriques que van caracteritzar la “bombolla dels mars del sud”. El nostre principal descobriment és que el “swap” de deute per accions és l’únic gran contribuïdor per l’explosió del preu de les accions. En el tercer assaig estudiem en un experiment com diferents dinàmiques de preu fet com a incentiu monetari afecten la prestació d’esforç dels participants. El nostre principal descobriment indica que una disminució del preu fet després d’un increment té efectes perjudicials per a la prestació d’esforç dels participants.

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Smith, Abraham Jeffrey. "Development and Application of Aquatic Toxicology Studies for the Assessment of Impacts Due to Chemical Stressors Using Non-Standard Indigenous Organisms." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3709.

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Research in the multidisciplinary science of ecotoxicology is crucial to assess injuries to ecosystem resources from chemical spills or other stressors used to support environmental decision-making. Established guidelines recommend the use of non-standard native species in toxicity investigations. This work focused on the use of native species for aquatic toxicity assessment to make more relevant conclusions on the potential for adverse biological effects to occur as a result to single chemical exposures or exposures to a complex mixture like oil. We apply these studies to investigate petroleum product impacts from the Deepwater Horizon incident and concerns for metal toxicity in estuarine environments using a new model organism. Data generated from comprehensive toxicity testing programs were used in the first probabilistic risk assessment of Deepwater Horizon oil toxicity highlighting a lack of appropriate data and representative phyla. Novel toxicity study methods and a stress-response index were developed and demonstrated sensitivity and success in using the starlet anemone in ecotoxicology studies. Swim performance was used as new method to investigate sublethal indicators of stress resulting in varied responses from sheepshead minnows and Florida pompano. These studies further our ability for better laboratory-to-field extrapolation and for decision-making. The use of native species and complex mixtures like oil presented novel challenges in conducting aquatic toxicity studies. Special emphasis is placed on the necessity to understand the appropriate laboratory conditions for native species not typically held in the laboratory and maintaining study parameters to obtain quality data for more accurate interpretation and replication.

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Manivasagam, Karnica. "COMPARISON OF WRIST VELOCITY MEASUREMENT METHODS: IMU, GONIOMETER AND OPTICAL MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287178.

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Repetitive tasks, awkward hand/wrist postures and forceful exertions are known risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) of the hand and wrist. WMSD is a major cause of long work absence, productivity loss, loss in wages and individual suffering. Currently available assessment methods of the hand/wrist motion have the limitations of being inaccurate, e.g. when using self-reports or observations, or expensive and resource-demanding for following analyses, e.g. when using the electrogoniometers. Therefore, there is a need for a risk assessment method that is easy-to-use and can be applied by both researchers and practitioners for measuring wrist angular velocity during an 8-hour working day. Wearable Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) in combination with mobile phone applications provide the possibility for such a method. In order to apply the IMU in the field for assessing the wrist velocity of different work tasks, the accuracy of the method need to be examined. Therefore, this laboratory experiment was conducted to compare a new IMU-based method with the traditional goniometer and standard optical motion capture system. The laboratory experiment was performed on twelve participants. Three standard hand movements, including hand/wrist motion of Flexion-extension (FE), Deviation, and Pronationsupination (PS) at 30, 60, 90 beat-per-minute (bpm), and three simulated work tasks were performed. The angular velocity of the three methods at 50th and 90th percentile were calculated and compared. The mean absolute error and correlation coefficient were analysed for comparing the methods. Increase in error was observed with increase in speed/bpm during the standard hand movements. For standard hand movements, comparison between IMUbyaxis and Goniometer had the smallest difference and highest correlation coefficient. For simulated work tasks, the difference between goniometer and optical system was the smallest. However, for simulated work tasks, the differences between the compared methods were in general much larger than the standard hand movements. The IMU-based method is seen to have potential when compared with the traditional measurement methods. Still, it needs further improvement to be used for risk assessment in the field.
Upprepade uppgifter, besvärliga hand- / handledsställningar och kraftfulla ansträngningar är kända riskfaktorer för arbetsrelaterade muskuloskeletala störningar (WMSD) i hand och handled. WMSD är en viktig orsak till lång frånvaro, produktivitetsförlust, löneförlust och individuellt lidande. För närvarande tillgängliga bedömningsmetoder för hand / handledsrörelser har begränsningarna att vara felaktiga, t.ex. när du använder självrapporter eller observationer, eller dyra och resurskrävande för följande analyser, t.ex. när du använder elektrogoniometrarna. Därför finns det ett behov av en riskbedömningsmetod som är enkel att använda och som kan användas av både forskare och utövare för att mäta handledens vinkelhastighet under en 8-timmars arbetsdag. Wearable Inertial Measuring Units (IMU) i kombination med mobiltelefonapplikationer ger möjlighet till en sådan metod. För att kunna använda IMU i fältet för att bedöma handledens hastighet för olika arbetsuppgifter måste metodens noggrannhet undersökas. Därför genomfördes detta laboratorieexperiment för att jämföra en ny IMU-baserad metod med den traditionella goniometern och det vanliga optiska rörelsefångningssystemet. Laboratorieexperimentet utfördes på tolv deltagare. Tre standardhandrörelser, inklusive hand / handledsrörelse av Flexion-extension (FE), Deviation och Pronation-supination (PS) vid 30, 60, 90 beat-per-minut (bpm) och tre simulerade arbetsuppgifter utfördes. Vinkelhastigheten för de tre metoderna vid 50: e och 90: e percentilen beräknades och jämfördes. Det genomsnittliga absoluta felet och korrelationskoefficienten analyserades för att jämföra metoderna. Ökning av fel observerades med ökning av hastighet/bpm under standardhandrörelserna. För standardhandrörelser hade jämförelsen mellan IMUbyaxis och Goniometer den minsta skillnaden och högsta korrelationskoefficienten. För simulerade arbetsuppgifter var skillnaden mellan goniometer och optiskt system den minsta. För simulerade arbetsuppgifter var dock skillnaderna mellan de jämförda metoderna i allmänhet mycket större än de vanliga handrörelserna. Den IMUbaserade metoden anses ha potential jämfört med traditionella mätmetoder. Ändå behöver det förbättras för att kunna användas för riskbedömning på fältet.

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González, Lao Elisabet. "Gestión de los riesgos en los laboratorios de urgencias y su impacto en la seguridad del paciente." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403805.

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Durante los últimos 4 años, se ha realizado un estudio sobre la Gestión de los Riesgos en Laboratorios de Urgencias y su impacto en la Seguridad del Paciente. El objetivo principal de dicho estudio, es mejorar la Seguridad del Paciente y fomentar la cultura de la misma. El punto de partida es estudiar todos los posibles riesgos que pueden suceder en estos laboratorios, y posteriormente planificar una serie de acciones preventivas y correctivas que formarán parte de la Gestión de los Riesgos. El estudio consta de 4 partes principalmente: - Identificación de los posibles modos de fallo en los procesos de los laboratorios. Se aplica la herramienta Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos (AMFE) que nos permite identificar todos los posibles riesgos potenciales e implantar acciones preventivas. - Control de los puntos críticos en los procesos de los laboratorios. Se realiza con la aplicación del la herramienta Registro de Errores, Análisis y Sistema de Acciones Correctivas (FRACAS), que nos permite detectar los errores que suceden e implantar acciones correctivas. - Evaluación de la Cultura de la Seguridad del Paciente entre los profesionales de los Laboratorios de Urgencias y los profesionales de los servicios con mayor demanda en el Laboratorio de Urgencias. Se planifican las acciones formativas necesarias para paliar las deficiencias detectadas. - Recomendación de acciones preventivas y correctivas para los riesgos potenciales o críticos identificados y los errores detectados. Implantación y evaluación de algunas de las acciones más relevantes. Todas estas acciones de mejora se recogerán en la de Gestión de los Riesgos y a partir de su evaluación, se podrá determinar su grado de eficacia. Este estudio nos ha permitido, implantar la Gestión de los Riesgos en los Laboratorios de Urgencias y crear un modelo a seguir en el tiempo para mejorar la Seguridad de los Pacientes, así como difundir la cultura y aumentar la competencia de los profesionales en relación con este tema.
During de last 4 years, a study has been taken on the Risk Management in Laboratories of Emergency and its impact in the Patient Safety. The principal aim of the above mentioned study is to improve the Patient Safety and to promote the Culture of Patient Safety. The starting point is to study all the possible risks that can take place in these laboratories and to plan preventive and corrective actions that will form part of the Risk Management. Mainly, the study consists of 4 parts: - Identification of the possible failure modes in the processes of the laboratories. The applied is the Failures Modal and Effects Analysis (FMEA) that allows us to identify all the possible potential risks and to implement preventive actions. - The control of the critical points in the processes of the laboratories is realized with the application of the Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Actions (FRACAS), which allows us to detect the mistakes that happen and to implement corrective actions. - Evaluation the Culture of the Patient Safety among the professionals of Emergency Laboratories and the professionals of the services with major demand in the Emergency Laboratory. The essential among training actions are planning to relieve to identify deficiencies. - Recommendation of preventive and corrective actions for the potential or critical risks identified and detected mistakes. Implantation and evaluation some of the most relevant actions. All these actions of improvement will be gathered in the Risk Management and from its evaluation it will be possible to determine the degree of efficiency. This study has allowed us to implement the Risk Management in the Emergency Laboratories and to create a model to be checked out in the future to improve Patient Safety, as well as to spread the culture and increase the competence of the professionals in relation with this topic.

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Iglesias, Martin Casals. "O comportamento do investidor brasileiro na alocação de ativos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/2080.

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Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T21:00:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 martincasalsturma2003.pdf.jpg: 11517 bytes, checksum: 930c75c74ff8269d877983110854646d (MD5) martincasalsturma2003.pdf: 975293 bytes, checksum: f41cfd3a5f3e659d07e2861acf4e23d4 (MD5) martincasalsturma2003.pdf.txt: 107784 bytes, checksum: e96ad0fb809a12f13ba7d3f08e24c1ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-15T00:00:00Z
O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a alocação de investimentos no mercado acionário brasileiro, utilizando a teoria do prospecto de Tversky e Kahneman (1979) e o conceito de Aversão a Perdas Míope (Myopic Loss Aversion) proposto por Benartzi e Thaler (1995). Foram levantados através de experimento de laboratório os parâmetros da função de valor e da função de ponderação de probabilidades da teoria do prospecto e foi verificada a alocação de investimentos entre ações e renda fixa que maximizam a utilidade. Chegamos à conclusão que o total de recursos atualmente direcionados ao mercado de ações no Brasil, que é de aproximadamente 2,7% para pessoas físicas e de 6,0% para pessoas jurídicas, é compatível com a teoria do prospecto.
The objective of this study is to analyze the investment allocation in the Brazilian stock market, using Tversky and Kahneman’s prospect theory (1979) and the concept of myopic loss aversion proposed by Benartzi and Thaler (1995). We run a laboratory experiment to obtain the parameters of the value function and the probability weighting function of the prospect theory and identify the allocation that maximizes utility in the Brazilian Market We conclude that the actual allocation of investment in the stock market, of around 2.7% for individuals and around 6% for all the segments, is in accordance with the prospect theory.

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Junior, Geraldo de Oliveira Silva. "Restrição proteica materna e alteração do desenvolvimento das artérias coronárias em camundongos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4785.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
O desenvolvimento da programação fetal é considerado um importante fator de risco para doenças não-transmissíveis da vida adulta, incluindo doença cardíaca coronariana. Com o objetivo de investigar a associação entre nutrição materna e o desenvolvimento das artérias coronárias (AC) em embriões de camundongos estadiados; embriões de camundongos C57BL/6 nos estádios de 16-23 foram retirados de mães alimentadas com dietas de proteína normal (NP) ou de baixa proteína (LP), e as AC foram estudadas. Embora os embriões LP possuam massa corporal menor, entretanto tinham taxas de crescimento cardíaco maior, quando comparados com os embriões NP. O Plexo subepicárdico foi observado no início do período pós-somítico (estádio 16) de embriões NP, enquanto que nos embriões LP apenas no estádio 17 (P <0,01), persistindo até o estádio 18 (P <0,01). As artérias coronárias foram detectadas inicialmente no estádio18 dos embriões NP, já nos embriões LP foram encontradas a partir do estádio 19 (P <0,01). Núcleos apoptóticos foram observados em torno do anel aórtico peritruncal no estádio 18 em embriões NP e LP. Células FLK1+ (Fetal Liver Kinase 1 = VEGFr2 = Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2) apresentaram uma distribuição homogênea nos embriões NP já no estádio 18, enquanto uma distribuição semelhante nos embriões LP foi visto apenas nos estádios 22 e 23. A restrição proteica materna em camundongos leva a um atraso no crescimento do coração no período embrionário modificando o desenvolvimento do plexo peritruncal subepicárdica e diminuindo a taxa de apoptose na região do futuro orifício coronariano.
Programming of fetal development is considered to be an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases of adulthood, including coronary heart disease (CHD). Aiming to investigate the association between maternal nutrition and the development of the coronary arteries (CA) in staged mice embryos, C57BL/6 mice embryos from stages 16 to 23 were taken from mothers fed a normal protein (NP) or low protein (LP) diet, and the CA were studied. Although the LP embryos had lower masses, they had faster heart growth rates when compared to the NP embryos. The subepicardial plexuses were observed earlier in the NP embryos (stage 20) than in the LP ones (stage 22) (P<0.01). Apoptotic nuclei were seen around the aortic peritruncal ring beginning at stage 18 in the NP and LP embryos. FLK1+ (fetal liver kinase 1 = VEGFr2 or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) cells had a homogeneous distribution in the NP embryos as early as stage 18, whereas a similar distribution in the LP embryos was only seen at stages 22 and 23. Maternal protein restriction in mice leads to a delay in the growth of the heart in the embryonic period modifying the development of the subepicardial peritruncal plexus and the apoptosis in the future coronary orifice region.

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Dewan, P. A. (Patrick Arthur). "Vesicoureteric reflux : clinical and laboratory research including investigation of the role and risks of plastics / P.A. Dewan." 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19385.

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Bibliography: leaves 231-266.
271 leaves : col. ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Indicates that injections under the ureteric orifice can cure VUR and that the tissue response to the plastics becomes quiescent. Research into embolisation from solid implants from intravenous tubing and the possibility of antibody formation to implanted plastics is also included. A model for fetal VUR has been developed to clarify focus of the uncertainity about reflux disease.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Paediatrics, 1999

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Lee, Shu-Hua, and 李淑華. "Risk Factors of Patient Safety in Medical Laboratory." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95405543626654268974.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
經營與管理學系科技管理碩士在職專班
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This study aims to evaluate the risk factors of patient safety in medical laboratory of large-scaled hospitals in Taiwan, with application of theories of human factor engineering, Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process method (AHP). The priorities of dimensions in the descending order are: the ability of the Medical Technologist (MT), the interaction between medical personnel and software, the interaction between medical personnel and hardware and the interaction between medical personnel. Among the 15 risk factors, deficiency of profession knowledge and skills of Medical Technologist ranked first. The second important risk factor was inadequate attitude toward medical errors. The third important risk factor was deficiency of Medical Technologist. The fourth important risk factor was Shift work. The fifth important risk factor was undesirable quality instruments. This study found that MT is a very professional medical staff, most important risk factor are MT and medical equipment. The countermeasures include enhance MT professional knowledge and skills, knowledge of patient safety and the harm risk, humane shift work patterns and purchasing better quality and stability equipment. The result of this study could be the reference of incident and strategy at medical laboratory.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Laboratory Risks'

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