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Journal articles on the topic 'Laboratory manipulation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Abouhilal, Abdelmoula, Amine Moulay Taj, Naima Taifi, and Abdessamad Malaoui. "Using Online Remote Laboratory in Agriculture Engineering and Electronic Training." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 15, no. 06 (March 29, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i06.9699.

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<p class="0abstract">Practical manipulations are a core part of engineering training education systems. Remote labs are a new method used for teaching and practicing experimental manipulation using the performance of information and communication technologies. This paper presents a study of two remote labs architecture using low cost embedded systems that could be addressed to the 3rd year bachelor degree students on renewable energy and others on electronics courses. The first manipulation is based on Arduino microcontroller to monitor an irrigation system powered by photovoltaic panels. In addition, the second manipulation uses a powerful PcDuino, to control remotely a logic electronic experience. A simple interface is developed to allow students and instructors to access to these manipulations. This study is aimed to improve the present education systems in the Moroccan universities by managing the practical manipulation for a large number of students, especially in the open-access faculties. Finally, this architecture can be easily extended to other disciplines and courses.</p>

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2

Hsieh, Mu-Cheng, and Kuu-Young Young. "Effective manipulation for a multi-DOF robot manipulator in laboratory environments." Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers 36, no. 5 (July 2013): 566–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2012.737112.

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3

Lasky, Larry C. "Hematopoietic Stem Cell Manipulation in the Laboratory." Laboratory Medicine 18, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 843–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/18.12.843.

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4

Bulfield, Grahame. "Genetic manipulation of laboratory and farm animals." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 43, no. 4 (April 24, 2007): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280430405.

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5

Parish, J. H. "Genetic Manipulation of Streptomyces — A Laboratory Manual." Biochemical Education 14, no. 4 (October 1986): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(86)90228-1.

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6

Ritchie, D. A. "Genetic manipulation of Streptomyces. A laboratory manual." Endeavour 11, no. 1 (January 1987): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(87)90187-6.

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7

Bourlioux, P. "Genetic manipulation of Streptomyces: A laboratory manual." Biochimie 69, no. 1 (January 1987): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9084(87)90278-1.

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8

Shopova, Dobromira, and Diyan Slavchev. "Laboratory investigation of Accuracy of Impression Materials for Border Molding." Folia Medica 61, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.61.e39351.

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Introduction: Border molding of the edge of the individual impression tray is an important stage of prosthetic treatment of edentulous jaws, which often depends on the final result of the treatment. Classical thermoplastic impression materials for border molding have positive qualities that make them preferable by clinicians for their hardness, unlimited manipulation time and high impression sharpness. Modern silicone impression materials for border molding have long manipulating time and appropriate viscosity to allow dentists to perform functional tests. Aim: To determine the accuracy of different impression materials for border molding of individual impression trays. Materials and methods: Four impression materials for border molding were laboratory tested: Kerr impression compound green sticks and thermoplastic GC Iso functional sticks, additive type silicone Detaseal function and condensation type silicone sta-seal f. A modified individual impression tray designed by authors was used, allowing for laboratory load and stability. Ten impressions were taken and their formed edges were measured at 10 points three times - immediately after hardening/elasification, and 24 hours and 48 hours after hardening/elasification. Results: The results were analysed using ANOVA repetition analysis, where a statistically insignificant difference in the accuracy of three of the impression materials for border molding was established, except the C-type of silicone. Conclusions: Good manipulative qualities and measured accuracy in laboratory tests define these materials as very good for border molding procedures.

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Crescimanno, A. "Transposition of standard JACIE in the laboratory of manipulation." Drugs and Cell Therapies in Hematology 1, no. 1 (October 31, 2012): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/dcth.2012.14.

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10

Bull, D. C., and E. K. Williams. "Chemical Changes in an Estuarine Sediment During Laboratory Manipulation." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 68, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 852–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-002-0033-6.

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11

Ahmed, Al Sabri, Moussetad Mohamed, Adhiri Rahma, Akensous Youness, Khazri Yassine, Ennasri Hind, and Laouina Zineb. "Remote Lab Experiments: Measuring and Monitoring of Temperature Changes." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 16, no. 02 (February 12, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v16i02.12219.

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<p class="0abstract">The physical training education systems of the faculties of science focus on practical manipulations. Remote Labs are a recent approach used for educating experimental manipulations by using the performance of information and communication technologies. This article presents a real remote laboratory using low-cost embedded systems addressed to engineering and undergraduate students. The manipulation is based on the electronic control system to change the temperature with a plate-form, which is developed to permit students and teacher access to this manipulation. Our purpose of this study is the development of a control system to improve current educational systems in Moroccan universities by managing practical manipulations for a large number of students, based on a web from anywhere and anytime. Measuring and Monitoring of Temperature changes is a new experience of a remote monitoring system that will be allowed the users to access the experiment thought a specific web site.</p>

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12

van Vliet, Liesbeth M., Sandra van Dulmen, Bram Thiel, Gerard W. van Deelen, Stephanie Immerzeel, Marc B. Godfried, and Jozien M. Bensing. "Examining the effects of enhanced provider–patient communication on postoperative tonsillectomy pain: protocol of a randomised controlled trial performed by nurses in daily clinical care." BMJ Open 7, no. 11 (November 2017): e015505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015505.

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IntroductionPlacebo effects (true biopsychological effects not attributable to the active ingredients of medical technical interventions) can be attributed to several mechanisms, such as expectancy manipulation and empathy manipulation elicited by a provider’s communication. So far, effects have primarily been shown in laboratory settings. The aim of this study is to determine the separate and combined effects of expectancy manipulation and empathy manipulation during preoperative and postoperative tonsillectomy analgesia care on clinical adult patients’ outcomes.Methods and analysisUsing a two-by-two randomised controlled trial, 128 adult tonsillectomy patients will be randomly assigned to one out of four conditions differing in the level of expectancy manipulation (standard vs enhanced) and empathy manipulation (standard vs enhanced). Day care ward nurses are trained to deliver the intervention, while patients are treated via the standard analgesia protocol and hospital routines. The primary outcome, perceived pain, is measured via hospital routine by a Numeric Rating Scale, and additional prehospitalisation, perihospitalisation and posthospitalisation questionnaires are completed (until day 3, ie, 2 days after the operation). The manipulation is checked using audio recordings of nurse–patient interactions.Ethics and disseminationAlthough communication is manipulated, the manipulations do not cross norms or values of acceptable behaviour. Standard medical care is provided. The ethical committee of the UMC Utrecht and the local OLVG hospital committee approved the study. Results will be published via (inter)national peer-reviewed journals and a lay publication.Trial registration numberNTR5994; Pre-results.

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13

Javaid, Maria. "Communication Through Haptics During Human Collaborative Manipulation." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 15, no. 03 (June 2018): 1850003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843618500032.

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This paper describes research towards understanding haptic communication during planar object manipulation. In particular, a classification algorithm that classifies four stages of manipulation of a planar object is described. This research was performed as a part of a broader research project which has the goal of developing a user-friendly communication interface for an elderly-assistive robot. The manipulation of planar object was studied in detail as it happened very frequently during user study involving a caregiver helping an elderly person with the activities of daily living. For observing human haptic interaction, a sensory glove was developed. Further data collection was conducted in the laboratory setting and data was analyzed using various machine learning techniques. Based on this analysis, decision rules were derived that give insight into human-to-human collaborative manipulation of planar objects and successfully identified several classes of manipulative actions. The developed decision tree-based algorithm was then tested on the data of a user study that involved a caregiver assisting an elderly person in the activities of daily living. The developed algorithm also successfully classifies manipulation actions in real-time. This information is particularly interesting as it does not depend on any particular sensor and thus can be used by other researchers to further study haptic communication.

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Osman, Emily, Jason Franasiak, and Richard Scott. "Oocyte and Embryo Manipulation and Epigenetics." Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 36, no. 03/04 (May 2018): e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688801.

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AbstractRegulation of the epigenome is a mechanism by which the environment influences gene expression and consequently the health of the individual. The advent and refinement of novel assisted reproductive technology (ART) laboratory techniques, including vitrification, dynamic culture systems, oocyte in vitro maturation, laser-assisted hatching, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy have contributed to the success of ART. From fertilization through implantation, the epigenetic profile of the embryo changes dynamically. Concurrently with these changes, embryo development in vitro is dependent on laboratory intervention and manipulation to optimize outcomes. The impact of ART techniques on imprinting errors remains unclear, as the infertile population likely confers an independent risk factor for defects in expected epigenetic patterns. Alternations in epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to the incidence of aneuploidy as well as recurrent implantation failure of euploid embryos. Additional investigative efforts are needed to assess the contribution of oocyte and embryo manipulation on imprinting modifications in this vulnerable population. The development of diagnostic modalities involving the discovery of epigenetic alterations to improve in vitro fertilization outcomes is an exciting and promising area of future study.

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15

Turney, Jon. "Life in the laboratory: public responses to experimental biology." Public Understanding of Science 4, no. 2 (April 1995): 153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/4/2/004.

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Present-day public attitudes to biological manipulation are ambivalent, many surveys show. This paper explores evidence of earlier attitudes to experimental biology, before survey data exists, by examining published responses in the press to the idea that biologists would `create life'. This remarkable claim achieved wide currency in the early years of this century, particularly linked to the work of two prototypical `visible scientists': Jacques Loeb and Alexis Carrel. Analysis of press responses to accounts of their work reveals deep disquiet about its possible implications, at a time when science and technology in general were regarded very positively. The evidence is augmented by studying commentary on a Presidential Address by Edward Schafer to the British Association meeting of 1912. It is concluded that feelings of ambivalence toward the manipulative power of biology are apparent at a very early stage in the development of modern biology, and that this makes it implausible that more recent manifestations of such ambivalence can be ascribed to some generalized `anti-science' sentiment which has gathered strength in recent years.

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16

Brown, A. F., and D. B. A. Thompson. "Parasite manipulation of host behaviour: acanthocephalans and shrimps in the laboratory." Journal of Biological Education 20, no. 2 (June 1986): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1986.9654798.

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17

Istok, J. D., J. E. Amonette, C. R. Cole, J. S. Fruchter, M. D. Humphrey, J. E. Szecsody, S. S. Teel, V. R. Vermeul, M. D. Williams, and S. B. Yabusaki. "In Situ Redox Manipulation by Dithionite Injection: Intermediate-Scale Laboratory Experiments." Ground Water 37, no. 6 (November 1999): 884–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01187.x.

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18

Sin, Mandy L. Y., Vincent Gau, Joseph C. Liao, and Pak Kin Wong. "Electrothermal Fluid Manipulation of High-Conductivity Samples for Laboratory Automation Applications." Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 15, no. 6 (December 2010): 426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jala.2010.05.004.

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19

Maure, Fanny, Jacques Brodeur, Nicolas Ponlet, Josée Doyon, Annabelle Firlej, Éric Elguero, and Frédéric Thomas. "The cost of a bodyguard." Biology Letters 7, no. 6 (June 22, 2011): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0415.

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Host manipulation by parasites not only captures the imagination but has important epidemiological implications. The conventional view is that parasites face a trade-off between the benefits of host manipulation and their costs to fitness-related traits, such as longevity and fecundity. However, this trade-off hypothesis remains to be tested. Dinocampus coccinellae is a common parasitic wasp of the spotted lady beetle Coleomegilla maculata . Females deposit a single egg in the haemocoel of the host, and during larval development the parasitoid feeds on host tissues. At the prepupal stage, the parasitoid egresses from its host by forcing its way through the coccinellid's abdominal segments and begins spinning a cocoon between the ladybird's legs. Remarkably, D. coccinellae does not kill its host during its development, an atypical feature for parasitoids. We first showed under laboratory conditions that parasitoid cocoons that were attended by a living and manipulated ladybird suffered less predation than did cocoons alone or cocoons under dead ladybirds. We then demonstrated that the length of the manipulation period is negatively correlated with parasitoid fecundity but not with longevity. In addition to documenting an original case of bodyguard manipulation, our study provides the first evidence of a cost required for manipulating host behaviour.

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20

Ceccarelli, Marco. "A manipulation analysis for robot programming." Robotica 17, no. 5 (September 1999): 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574799001745.

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In this paper a procedure is proposed for a rational and optimum use of robots. It is the result of the lessons learned by the author in the course of his consultancy and teaching activities on manipulative tasks and programming capabilities of robots.One of the chief aims of this paper is educational, and has been set on the basis of students' practice with robots in the Laboratory of Robotics at the University of Cassino, Italy. A second goal consists in highlighting and teaching how robots' versatility and flexibility can be easily exploited during robot's operation when a task is properly modelled through elementary actions. An elementary action, representing a small manipulative operation and consisting in one or few simple instructions given in robot language, can be easily performed by the robot's programming capability. Some examples have been reported to better illustrate the ideas and the procedure proposed, whose main advantage, also from an educational viewpoint, consist in providing a simpler method for analysing manipulations for robot design and programming.

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Liu, Geng-Hao, Meng-Yen Tsai, Gwo-Jyh Chang, Chao-Min Wu, Sheng-Kai Lin, Yu-Sheng Chen, and Tzung-Yan Lee. "Safety Assessment of the Auto Manipulation Device for Acupuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats: Preclinical Evaluation of the Prototype." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (August 6, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5708393.

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Background. The Auto Manipulation Device for Acupuncture (AMDA) is designed for providing stable, quantified effects and higher frequency when doing lifting and thrusting manipulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety of manipulation by AMDA in different frequency and duration in healthy rats. Methods. The study was divided into two parts: single intervention and once a day for a week. 12 rats and 15 rats were randomly allocated to different groups: Control (needle insertion only), AMDA (2Hz/10Mins), AMDA (2Hz/20Mins), AMDA (20Hz/10Mins), and AMDA (20Hz/20Mins) for single and repeated interventions. Real-time physiological functions, laboratory data, and the bilateral muscle tissue of acupoint (ST 36) were obtained after the intervention. Results. We found neither real-time physiological functions nor laboratory data differences between control group and AMDA groups in both parts. In the muscle tissue samples, the slight damage had been observed in the AMDA group with a frequency of 2 Hz for 20 minutes after once intervention, and the repeated session groups noted more obvious tissue damage with fibrotic change. Although the period was shorter, higher frequency manipulation caused more damage that fibroblast nuclei became more slender and obvious. However, no significant adverse effect was noted such as crippled and molting in the whole process. Conclusion. Our study suggested that the safety issue of AMDA operation in rats is feasible because there was no difference between control group and AMDA groups among real-time physiological functions and laboratory data. However, manipulation with higher frequency should be more preserved.

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Johansson, Frank, and Eva Wahlström. "Induced morphological defence: evidence from whole-lake manipulation experiments." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-225.

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Predator-induced defences are activated by cues associated with predators and confer some degree of resistance to subsequent attacks. Laboratory studies of many taxa have revealed such induced defences, and these data often conform to large-scale surveys of defence levels in habitats with and without predators. However, there have been no studies that make the direct connection between these laboratory studies and field surveys. We conducted a large-scale field manipulation of predators to provide this connection. Previous laboratory experiments on dragonfly (Leucorrhinia dubia) larvae have demonstrated that the presence of fish predators induces the development of elongated abdominal spines that serve to reduce mortality risk. In this study we determine the effect of whole-lake predator manipulation on this induced morphological defence of L. dubia. We monitored the spine lengths of final-instar larvae in two experimental lakes for 7 consecutive years. Fish were present during the first 2 years and then removed for the remaining 5 years. Results demonstrate that the spine lengths of L. dubia larvae decreased significantly in both lakes after the removal of fish. In contrast, there was no corresponding change in the spine lengths of larvae in reference lakes, and we found little change in food supply for larvae. Our results suggest that the plastic response in spine length is strong and attributable to the presence of predators.

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Will, Ian, Biplabendu Das, Thienthanh Trinh, Andreas Brachmann, Robin A. Ohm, and Charissa de Bekker. "Genetic Underpinnings of Host Manipulation by Ophiocordyceps as Revealed by Comparative Transcriptomics." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 7 (April 30, 2020): 2275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401290.

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Ant-infecting Ophiocordyceps fungi are globally distributed, host manipulating, specialist parasites that drive aberrant behaviors in infected ants, at a lethal cost to the host. An apparent increase in activity and wandering behaviors precedes a final summiting and biting behavior onto vegetation, which positions the manipulated ant in a site beneficial for fungal growth and transmission. We investigated the genetic underpinnings of host manipulation by: (i) producing a high-quality hybrid assembly and annotation of the Ophiocordyceps camponoti-floridani genome, (ii) conducting laboratory infections coupled with RNAseq of O. camponoti-floridani and its host, Camponotus floridanus, and (iii) comparing these data to RNAseq data of Ophiocordyceps kimflemingiae and Camponotus castaneus as a powerful method to identify gene expression patterns that suggest shared behavioral manipulation mechanisms across Ophiocordyceps-ant species interactions. We propose differentially expressed genes tied to ant neurobiology, odor response, circadian rhythms, and foraging behavior may result by activity of putative fungal effectors such as enterotoxins, aflatrem, and mechanisms disrupting feeding behaviors in the ant.

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English, Sinead, and Tobias Uller. "Does early-life diet affect longevity? A meta-analysis across experimental studies." Biology Letters 12, no. 9 (September 2016): 20160291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0291.

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Life-history theory predicts that nutrition influences lifespan owing to trade-offs between allocating resources to reproduction, growth and repair. Despite occasional reports that early diet has strong effects on lifespan, it is unclear whether this prediction is generally supported by empirical studies. We conducted a meta-analysis across experimental studies manipulating pre- or post-natal diet and measuring longevity. We found no overall effect of early diet on lifespan. We used meta-regression, considering moderator variables based on experimental and life-history traits, to test predictions regarding the strength and direction of effects that could lead to positive or negative effects. Pre-natal diet manipulations reduced lifespan, but there were no effects of later diet, manipulation type, development mode, or sex. The results are consistent with the prediction that early diet restriction disrupts growth and results in increased somatic damage, which incurs lifespan costs. Our findings raise a cautionary note, however, for placing too strong an emphasis on early diet effects on lifespan and highlight limitations of measuring these effects under laboratory conditions.

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Thurow, Kerstin, Lei Zhang, Hui Liu, Steffen Junginger, Norbert Stoll, and Jiahao Huang. "Multi-floor laboratory transportation technologies based on intelligent mobile robots." Transportation Safety and Environment 1, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tse/tdy002.

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AbstractTransportation technologies for mobile robots include indoor navigation, intelligent collision avoidance and target manipulation. This paper discusses the research process and development of these interrelated technologies. An efficient multi-floor laboratory transportation system for mobile robots developed by the group at the Center for Life Science Automation (CELISCA) is then introduced. This system is integrated with the multi-floor navigation and intelligent collision avoidance systems, as well as a labware manipulation system. A multi-floor navigation technology is proposed, comprising sub-systems for mapping and localization, path planning, door control and elevator operation. Based on human–robot interaction technology, a collision avoidance system is proposed that improves the navigation of the robots and ensures the safety of the transportation process. Grasping and placing operation technologies using the dual arms of the robots are investigated and integrated into the multi-floor transportation system. The proposed transportation system is installed on the H20 mobile robots and tested at the CELISCA laboratory. The results show that the proposed system can ensure the mobile robots are successful when performing multi-floor laboratory transportation tasks.

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Handy, Ariel B., Amelia M. Stanton, and Cindy M. Meston. "Understanding Women's Subjective Sexual Arousal Within the Laboratory: Definition, Measurement, and Manipulation." Sexual Medicine Reviews 6, no. 2 (April 2018): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.11.001.

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Erickson, Heather E., and Deborah S. Coffey. "The watershed manipulation project: Case study of an inter laboratory comparison program." Accountability in Research 1, no. 3 (October 1991): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989629108573793.

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Fuller, Randall L., Corinne Ribble, Alexia Kelley, and Emily Gaenzle. "Impact of Stream Grazers on Periphyton Communities: A Laboratory and Field Manipulation." Journal of Freshwater Ecology 13, no. 1 (March 1998): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1998.9663596.

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Myagkov, Mikhail, and John Orbell. "Mindreading and Manipulation in an Ecology of Prisoner’s Dilemma Games: Laboratory Experiments." Journal of Bioeconomics 8, no. 1 (April 2006): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10818-006-0004-9.

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Stetler, Cinnamon A., and Gregory E. Miller. "Social integration of daily activities and cortisol secretion: a laboratory based manipulation." Journal of Behavioral Medicine 31, no. 3 (December 21, 2007): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10865-007-9143-2.

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Hurd, Hilary, and Richard Lane. "Parasite-insect interactions: reciprocal manipulation." Parasitology 116, S1 (1998): S1—S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000084882.

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It is probably a truism to say that what seems to be a single organism is, in fact, an assemblage of organisms – for there can hardly be an individual living outside a specialized laboratory that does not have commensals or parasites living within. The insects, the most diverse and numerous group of organisms on earth are no exception, and with micro- and macro-parasites from a wide range of taxa generate a remarkable range of interspecific associations. In some cases the insect is the sole host, in others it is an intermediate host or vector. It is the latter relationship which attracts much attention when insects and arachnids transmit infectious agents to humans, their animals or crops. Knowledge of the parasites of insects provides us with an opportunity to develop novel control methods for pests. Despite the diverse and widespread nature of insect infections, their impact on human well-being and the opportunity they give us to understand the complexity of the natural world, the subject remains a surprisingly neglected field. In this volume we endeavour to draw the veil from the 'black-box' approach to the insect stages of parasite life cycles to reveal some of the complexities of these relationships and how they are currently being analysed.

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Horn, Berthold K. P., David Marr, John Hollerbach, Gerald J. Sussman, Patrick H. Winston, Randall Davis, and Marvin L. Minsky. "Research in Progress at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence Laboratory." AI Magazine 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v1i1.87.

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The MIT AI Laboratory has a long tradition of research in most aspects of Artificial Intelligence. Currently, the major foci include computer vision, manipulation, learning, English-language understanding, VLSI design, expert engineering problem solving, common-sense reasoning, computer architecture, distributed problem solving, models of human memory, programmer apprentices, and human education.

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Bernstein, Douglas A. "Training Tips: Tools to Teach Pipetting in the Classroom and Lab." American Biology Teacher 80, no. 7 (September 1, 2018): 536–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2018.80.7.536.

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Consistent and accurate manipulation of liquids is essential for many biology experiments. Teaching these skills is challenging in the laboratory. I have developed Training Tips, a homemade teaching tool to train students to use micropipettes in the classroom and laboratory. Training Tips provide obvious visual targets that enable inexperienced students to know immediately if they are pipetting accurately.

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Rasmussen, S. R., H. B. Rasmussen, M. R. Larsen, R. Hoff-Jørgensen, and R. J. Cano. "Combined polymerase chain reaction-hybridization microplate assay used to detect bovine leukemia virus and Salmonella." Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.2.200.

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Abstract Here we describe the use of an assay that integrates the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with hybridization of the amplified product for detection in the same microwell. Traditional PCR requires transportation of the amplified product to another system for characterization of samples. Transportation means time-consuming manipulation and risk of contaminating the laboratory with amplified product. Integration of amplification and specific product detection greatly reduces sample manipulations and the risk of contamination. We used the assay for detection of bovine leukemia virus and Salmonella. The results were identical with those produced by two traditional PCR methods. This assay could easily be adapted for other organisms, simply by using other primers and probes.

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Silvia, Paul J., and Jan Eichstaedt. "A self-novelty manipulation of self-focused attention for Internet and laboratory experiments." Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 36, no. 2 (May 2004): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03195578.

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Chong, Ling Xuan, and Ai Ni Teoh. "The manipulation of synchronous internet-based online social support in a laboratory setting." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 5 (2010): 1511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.317.

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Kaplan, E. L., D. R. Johnson, A. Wlazlo, M. H. Kim, and P. M. Schlievert. "Stability of Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin Production with Laboratory Manipulation of Group A Streptococci." Journal of Infectious Diseases 164, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): 1210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/164.6.1210.

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Nusbaum, T. J., and M. R. Rose. "The Effects of Nutritional Manipulation and Laboratory Selection on Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster." Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 54, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): B192—B198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/54.5.b192.

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Pinco, Jeffery, Robert A. Goulart, Christopher N. Otis, Jane Garb, and Liron Pantanowitz. "Impact of Digital Image Manipulation in Cytology." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 133, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/133.1.57.

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Abstract Context.—Digital images have become an important component of cytology practice. They are used in telecytology, automated screening, educational material, and Web sites and have potential for use in proficiency testing. However, there has been no formal evaluation to date to determine if digital image manipulation (intentional or unintentional) can affect their interpretation. Objective.—To investigate whether alteration of digital cytology images affects diagnosis. Design.—Acquired digital images of ThinPrep Papanicolaou test slides were manipulated (rotated 90;dg and brightness, contrast, red-green-blue color, and luminosity adjusted) using Photoshop. A test composed of these altered images, along with their original (unaltered) image and exact duplicates was given to 22 cytologists (13 cytotechnologists, 8 cytopathologists, and 1 fellow). All images were rated as negative, atypical (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or positive for cancer. Weighted κ and heterogeneity χ2 statistics were used to measure levels of agreement and assess concordance between groups. Results.—The level of agreement for identical duplicate images was excellent (κ = 0.81), compared with the poor agreement for manipulated image pairs (κ = 0.21), a statistically significant difference (P < .001). For all altered image types agreement was poor. There was no significant difference between cytotechnologists and cytopathologists in level of agreement (P = .56). Conclusions.—Manipulation of a Papanicolaou test digital image, irrespective of the specific category of cytologic material photographed, significantly affects its interpretation by both cytotechnologists and cytopathologists. This suggests that care needs to be taken when digital cytology images are used, to specifically ensure that their alteration does not affect diagnosis.

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McFarlane, Craig, and Thomas Pfleeger. "CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT OF PLANT FUNCTIONS BY COMPUTER-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATION." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1181H—1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1181.

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Chambers were developed to study the uptake, accumulation and phytotoxicity of environmental pollutants. Each is connected to the computer and other support facilities by quick connects which allow the laboratory to be configured in various ways depending on experimental design. Each chamber consists of two isolation compartments connected only by plant stems. Electronic instruments are used to monitor key physiological processes of both the roots and shoots during the course of plant exposure. The computer controls the exposure conditions (i.e. day length, temperature, nutrient pH, CO2 concentration, etc.) as well as continuously collects information about plant responses (i.e. photosynthetic and transpiration rates). Photosynthesis, transpiration, and mineral nutrient uptake can be individually controlled by manipulating the environment and thus allowing their study in combination with additional stressors. The computer used to accomplish these tasks will be discussed along with other examples of computer use for plant manipulation.

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McFarlane, Craig, and Thomas Pfleeger. "CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT OF PLANT FUNCTIONS BY COMPUTER-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATION." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1181h—1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1181h.

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Chambers were developed to study the uptake, accumulation and phytotoxicity of environmental pollutants. Each is connected to the computer and other support facilities by quick connects which allow the laboratory to be configured in various ways depending on experimental design. Each chamber consists of two isolation compartments connected only by plant stems. Electronic instruments are used to monitor key physiological processes of both the roots and shoots during the course of plant exposure. The computer controls the exposure conditions (i.e. day length, temperature, nutrient pH, CO2 concentration, etc.) as well as continuously collects information about plant responses (i.e. photosynthetic and transpiration rates). Photosynthesis, transpiration, and mineral nutrient uptake can be individually controlled by manipulating the environment and thus allowing their study in combination with additional stressors. The computer used to accomplish these tasks will be discussed along with other examples of computer use for plant manipulation.

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Cornwall, Christopher E., and Catriona L. Hurd. "Experimental design in ocean acidification research: problems and solutions." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 3 (July 8, 2015): 572–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv118.

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Abstract Ocean acidification has been identified as a risk to marine ecosystems, and substantial scientific effort has been expended on investigating its effects, mostly in laboratory manipulation experiments. However, performing these manipulations correctly can be logistically difficult, and correctly designing experiments is complex, in part because of the rigorous requirements for manipulating and monitoring seawater carbonate chemistry. To assess the use of appropriate experimental design in ocean acidification research, 465 studies published between 1993 and 2014 were surveyed, focusing on the methods used to replicate experimental units. The proportion of studies that had interdependent or non-randomly interspersed treatment replicates, or did not report sufficient methodological details was 95%. Furthermore, 21% of studies did not provide any details of experimental design, 17% of studies otherwise segregated all the replicates for one treatment in one space, 15% of studies replicated CO2 treatments in a way that made replicates more interdependent within treatments than between treatments, and 13% of studies did not report if replicates of all treatments were randomly interspersed. As a consequence, the number of experimental units used per treatment in studies was low (mean = 2.0). In a comparable analysis, there was a significant decrease in the number of published studies that employed inappropriate chemical methods of manipulating seawater (i.e. acid–base only additions) from 21 to 3%, following the release of the “Guide to best practices for ocean acidification research and data reporting” in 2010; however, no such increase in the use of appropriate replication and experimental design was observed after 2010. We provide guidelines on how to design ocean acidification laboratory experiments that incorporate the rigorous requirements for monitoring and measuring carbonate chemistry with a level of replication that increases the chances of accurate detection of biological responses to ocean acidification.

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SEPPÄLÄ, O., A. KARVONEN, and E. T. VALTONEN. "Eye fluke-induced cataracts in natural fish populations: is there potential for host manipulation?" Parasitology 138, no. 2 (August 27, 2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182010001228.

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SUMMARYManipulation of host phenotype (e.g. behaviour, appearance) is suggested to be a common strategy to enhance transmission in trophically transmitted parasites. However, in many systems, evidence of manipulation comes exclusively from laboratory studies and its occurrence in natural host populations is poorly understood. Here, we examined the potential for host manipulation by Diplostomum eye flukes indirectly by quantifying the physiological effects of parasites on fish. Earlier laboratory studies have shown that Diplostomum infection predisposes fish to predation by birds (definitive hosts of the parasites) by reducing fish vision through cataract formation. However, occurrence of cataracts and the subsequent potential for host manipulation in natural fish populations has remained poorly explored. We studied the occurrence of eye fluke-induced cataracts from 7 common fish species (Gymnocephalus cernuus, Rutilus rutilus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Alburnus alburnus, Osmerus eperlanus, Coregonus lavaretus and Gasterosteus aculeatus) from the Bothnian Bay in the Baltic Sea. We found that the parasite-induced cataracts were common in fish and they also reached high levels which are likely to predispose fish to predation. However, we observed such cataracts only in species with the highest parasite abundances, which suggests that only certain hosts may be strongly affected by the infection.

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Aspragathos, Nikos A. "Intelligent Robot Systems for Manipulation of Non-Rigid Objects." Solid State Phenomena 260 (July 2017): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.260.20.

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In this paper, methodologies are presented for the development of intelligent robot systems for the manipulation of linear and sheet like objects with low and/or very low bending rigidity. In the introduction the non-rigid objects are defined and classified considering their shape, bending rigidity and extensibility. The industrial and service applications of these systems are presented and the state of the art approaches for the manipulation of various categories of the non-rigid objects are presented. A brief State-of the-Art on the manipulation of the deformable objects with relatively low bending rigidity and presenting elastic behavior like foam, sheet metal is presented as well.The main part of the paper is devoted to the robotic manipulation of the sheet-like objects with very low rigidity such as fabrics and leather. Laboratory demonstrators accompany the presentation of the developed intelligent robotic systems for manipulation of non-rigid objects and the paper concludes with hints for the future directions of the research and development in robotic systems for handling non-rigid objects.

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Sinatra, Nina R., Clark B. Teeple, Daniel M. Vogt, Kevin Kit Parker, David F. Gruber, and Robert J. Wood. "Ultragentle manipulation of delicate structures using a soft robotic gripper." Science Robotics 4, no. 33 (August 28, 2019): eaax5425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aax5425.

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Here, we present ultragentle soft robotic actuators capable of grasping delicate specimens of gelatinous marine life. Although state-of-the-art soft robotic manipulators have demonstrated gentle gripping of brittle animals (e.g., corals) and echinoderms (e.g., sea cucumbers) in the deep sea, they are unable to nondestructively grasp more fragile soft-bodied organisms, such as jellyfish. Through an exploration of design parameters and laboratory testing of individual actuators, we confirmed that our nanofiber-reinforced soft actuators apply sufficiently low contact pressure to ensure minimal harm to typical jellyfish species. We then built a gripping device using several actuators and evaluated its underwater grasping performance in the laboratory. By assessing the gripper’s region of acquisition and robustness to external forces, we gained insight into the necessary precision and speed with which grasping maneuvers must be performed to achieve successful collection of samples. Last, we demonstrated successful manipulation of three live jellyfish species in an aquarium setting using a hand-held prototype gripper. Overall, our ultragentle gripper demonstrates an improvement in gentle sample collection compared with existing deep-sea sampling devices. Extensions of this technology may improve a variety of in situ characterization techniques used to study the ecological and genetic features of deep-sea organisms.

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Sun, Lingyu, Feika Bian, Yu Wang, Yuetong Wang, Xiaoxuan Zhang, and Yuanjin Zhao. "Bioinspired programmable wettability arrays for droplets manipulation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 9 (February 18, 2020): 4527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921281117.

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The manipulation of liquid droplets demonstrates great importance in various areas from laboratory research to our daily life. Here, inspired by the unique microstructure of plant stomata, we present a surface with programmable wettability arrays for droplets manipulation. The substrate film of this surface is constructed by using a coaxial capillary microfluidics to emulsify and pack graphene oxide (GO) hybridN-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) hydrogel solution into silica nanoparticles-dispersed ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) phase. Because of the distribution of the silica nanoparticles on the ETPTA interface, the outer surface of the film could achieve favorable hydrophobic property under selective fluorosilane decoration. Owing to the outstanding photothermal energy transformation property of the GO, the encapsulated hydrophilic hydrogel arrays could shrink back into the holes to expose their hydrophobic surface with near-infrared (NIR) irradiation; this imparts the composite film with remotely switchable surface droplet adhesion status. Based on this phenomenon, we have demonstrated controllable droplet sliding on programmable wettability pathways, together with effective droplet transfer for printing with mask integration, which remains difficult to realize by existing techniques.

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Klaučo, Martin, Richard Valo, and Ján Drgoňa. "Reflux control of a laboratory distillation column via MPC-based reference governor." Acta Chimica Slovaca 10, no. 2 (October 26, 2017): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acs-2017-0023.

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AbstractAn optimization-based control strategy is proposed to improve control performance of a primary PI controller. The strategy, referred to as a MPC-based reference governor, optimizes the performance of a primary PI controller by supplying optimal setpoints to the primary controller. This primary PI controller is responsible for reflux ratio manipulation in a distillation column, to control the temperature of the column head. This paper shows theoretical and experimental results obtained on the laboratory-scale.

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Misselbrook, T. H., J. M. Powell, G. A. Broderick, and J. H. Grabber. "Dietary Manipulation in Dairy Cattle: Laboratory Experiments to Assess the Influence on Ammonia Emissions." Journal of Dairy Science 88, no. 5 (May 2005): 1765–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(05)72851-4.

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Morrison, L. F., G. Parkin, and G. A. Codd. "Optimization of anabaenopeptin extraction from cyanobacteria and the effect of methanol on laboratory manipulation." Peptides 27, no. 1 (January 2006): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2005.06.021.

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Peshavaria, Mina, and Kevin Pang. "Manipulation of Pancreatic Stem Cells for Cell Replacement Therapy." Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics 2, no. 3 (October 2000): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/15209150050194323.

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