Journal articles: 'Laboratory domestication'

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Sterken, Mark G., L. Basten Snoek, Jan E. Kammenga, and Erik C. Andersen. "The laboratory domestication of Caenorhabditis elegans." Trends in Genetics 31, no. 5 (May 2015): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2015.02.009.

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Zambawi, Muhammad, Ahmad Fahrul Syarif, and Robin Robin. "PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN IKAN SELUANG ASAL PULAU BANGKA (Brevibora dorsiocellata) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PAKAN BERBEDA DALAM WADAH BUDIDAYA PADA SKALA LABORATORIUM DI TAHAP AWAL DOMESTIKASI." JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v7i1.1633.

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This research aimed to evaluated the growth performance of eyespot rasbora (Brevibora dorsiocellata) feeding with different feed in cultured conditions on early stage of domestication. The fishes was collected from river among Balunijuk Village, Bangka Residence. It’s conducted on February until March 2019 at Laboratory of Aquaculture Sub-Laboratory of Hatchery, University of Bangka Belitung. A kinds of feed on this tretment was blood worms (Tubificidae) and commercial feed (pellet). The parameters observed in this research was surival rates, absolute weight and length and feed consumptions level. The result showed that the survival value ranged on 90-100%., the absolute weight was 0,12±0,02 until 0,17±0,02 grams, the absolute length was 0,69±0,17 until 0,79±0,06 cm and a feed consumptions level was 10±0,58 until 11±1,00 gram. In common, the eyespot rasbora (Brevibora dorsiocellata) showed the postively responses on early stage of domestications with different feed on cultured medium.Keywords : Bangka Island, Brevibora dosrsiocellata, Domestication, Eyespot Rasbora

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Liti, Gianni, Jonas Warringer, and Anders Blomberg. "Isolation and Laboratory Domestication of Natural Yeast Strains." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2017, no. 8 (August 2017): pdb.prot089052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot089052.

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Robison, Barrie D., and William Rowland. "A potential model system for studying the genetics of domestication: behavioral variation among wild and domesticated strains of zebra danio (Danio rerio)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 2046–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-118.

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The process of domestication in fish is fundamentally important to conservation efforts because of the extensive use of hatcheries to mitigate population declines. Research into the genetic changes associated with the domestication process in many endangered species is impeded by a lack of genomic tools, long generation times, and large space requirements. The study of the genetics of fish domestication could therefore benefit from the introduction of a model system. In this paper, we document behavioral and growth rate differences observed between a domesticated laboratory strain of zebra danio (Danio rerio) and a strain newly introduced into the laboratory from its native habitat in India. Domesticated zebra danio showed a higher degree of surface orientation, a reduced startle response, and higher growth rate compared with wild zebra danio. Wilddomesticated interstrain hybrids were intermediate in phenotype for all traits. When strains were reared together, most interstrain behavioral differences were maintained, indicating a genetic basis underlying the interstrain phenotypic variation. Phenotypic differences observed in this study are consistent with the effects of domestication in other fish species, indicating that the zebra danio can be used as a model system for studying the genetics of the domestication process in fish.

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Kuznetsov, Pavel Fedorovich, and Sergey Vladimirovich Fomenko. "Genetic markers of domestication (some features of interpretation of laboratory data of paleogenetic researches)." Samara Journal of Science 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2022111207.

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The paper reviews the findings of two research groups, published in the journal Nature, that focus on the genetic aspects of horses domestication in the Bronze Age. Creating coherence and overcoming the contradictions between the data of paleogenetics and archeology through meta-description, which is based on the prevalence of selection, turns into the some controversial conclusions, including: extrapolation caused by the transfer of anthropomorphic characteristics to the physiological characteristics of the horse and the reduction of actors of social processes to genetic markers. In the context of articles on medical genetics and sociology of science, it is proposed to overcome controversies through a change in the optics of analysis of genetic data in the problem of domestication: rejection of the meta-description of the researching phenomena and the actualization of the logic of meeting social needs and mutational variability preceding domestication. In addition, the paper deals with the problem of interpreting the genetic data of horse domestication only as a hypothesis. The problem is that there is a significant chronological gap of 500-700 years between genetic ancestors and genuine domestic horses (Dom-2). This period includes such significant archaeological cultures as Abashevskaya, post-Poltavka Volga-Ural and others.

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Wijayanto, Andri, Ita Widowati, and Tjahjo Winanto. "Domestication of Red Seaweed (Gelidium latifolium) in Different Culture Media." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 25, no. 1 (February 2, 2020): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.25.1.39-44.

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Gelidium latifolium is one of red seaweed types potentially can be developed as an industrial raw material. Since Gelidium is currently taken from ocean, the availability of seaweed from aquaculture is necessary to overcome the small number of its availability in nature. In Indonesia, G. latifolium cultivation has not been carried out so that domestication is required. The use of macro and micro nutrients in growth media is essentially needed for the domestication process. Domestication requires fast media and place for growth. The purpose of this study is to determine the growth of biomass and the survival of G. latifolium in different culture media. The study was conducted in a semi-outdoor research laboratory. The method used in this research is laboratory experimental method and Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the treatment applied using 3 types of culture media (Urea: Za: TSP) by comparison (A) 100: 50: 50% (2 g.L-1), (B) 75: 75: 50% (2 g.L-1) and (C) 75: 50: 75% (2 g.L-1), with 3 replications. The seaweed was kept in 10 L of water in aeration equipped aquarium and filled with 10 g of G. latifolium on each treatment. The best growth rate of G. latifolium biomass is 5.67± 0.58 g and 100±0% are survived in C culture medium with a concentration of 75% Urea: 50% ZA: 75% TSP (2 g.L-1).

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Kasahara, T., K. Abe, K. Mekada, A. Yoshiki, and T. Kato. "Genetic variation of melatonin productivity in laboratory mice under domestication." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 14 (March 22, 2010): 6412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914399107.

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Eydallin, Gustavo, Ben Ryall, Ram Maharjan, and Thomas Ferenci. "The nature of laboratory domestication changes in freshly isolatedEscherichia colistrains." Environmental Microbiology 16, no. 3 (July 29, 2013): 813–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12208.

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Zygouridis, N. E., Y. Argov, E. Nemny-Lavy, A. A. Augustinos, D. Nestel, and K. D. Mathiopoulos. "Genetic changes during laboratory domestication of an olive fly SIT strain." Journal of Applied Entomology 138, no. 6 (February 27, 2013): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jen.12042.

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Liu, Bin, Gustavo Eydallin, Ram P. Maharjan, Lu Feng, Lei Wang, and Thomas Ferenci. "Natural Escherichia coli isolates rapidly acquire genetic changes upon laboratory domestication." Microbiology 163, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000405.

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Suurväli, Jaanus, Andrew R. Whiteley, Yichen Zheng, Karim Gharbi, Maria Leptin, and Thomas Wiehe. "The Laboratory Domestication of Zebrafish: From Diverse Populations to Inbred Substrains." Molecular Biology and Evolution 37, no. 4 (December 6, 2019): 1056–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz289.

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Abstract We know from human genetic studies that practically all aspects of biology are strongly influenced by the genetic background, as reflected in the advent of “personalized medicine.” Yet, with few exceptions, this is not taken into account when using laboratory populations as animal model systems for research in these fields. Laboratory strains of zebrafish (Danio rerio) are widely used for research in vertebrate developmental biology, behavior, and physiology, for modeling diseases, and for testing pharmaceutic compounds in vivo. However, all of these strains are derived from artificial bottleneck events and therefore are likely to represent only a fraction of the genetic diversity present within the species. Here, we use restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to genetically characterize wild populations of zebrafish from India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, and to compare them to previously published data on four common laboratory strains. We measured nucleotide diversity, heterozygosity, and allele frequency spectra, and find that wild zebrafish are much more diverse than laboratory strains. Further, in wild zebrafish, there is a clear signal of GC-biased gene conversion that is missing in laboratory strains. We also find that zebrafish populations in Nepal and Bangladesh are most distinct from all other strains studied, making them an attractive subject for future studies of zebrafish population genetics and molecular ecology. Finally, isolates of the same strains kept in different laboratories show a pattern of ongoing differentiation into genetically distinct substrains. Together, our findings broaden the basis for future genetic, physiological, pharmaceutic, and evolutionary studies in Danio rerio.

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Debes, Paul V., and Jeffrey A. Hutchings. "Effects of domestication on parr maturity, growth, and vulnerability to predation in Atlantic salmon." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, no. 9 (September 2014): 1371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0618.

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Domestication can change fitness-related traits. We investigated domestication-induced changes in fitness-related traits in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) under naturally enriched laboratory conditions with and without threat of predation. Selection in two strains for rapid growth for three and five generations resulted in two and three times larger sizes of under-yearling parr relative to their wild ancestor. An initially larger size and ability to outgrow prey size more rapidly resulted in lower size-selective predation mortality for domesticated individuals. Growth under threat of predation was only reduced for wild individuals, suggesting that domestication co-selects for predator-related stress resistance. Size-adjusted male parr maturation probability was 34% in the wild strain, but significantly reduced to 10% and 7% after three and five generations of domestication, respectively. Together, freshwater-stage-specific survival for individuals with a domesticated background relative to individuals with a wild genetic background might be higher in the presence of gape-limited predators preferring small individuals, but male reproductive success might be lower for domesticated individuals as their reproduction potential during the freshwater phase is reduced.

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OHNO, Kyoko, Yoshiki NIWA, Shizuka KATO, Kazuhiro KOYASU, Sen-ichi ODA, and Kyoji KONDO. "The Domestication of Crocidura dsinezumi as a New Laboratory Animal." Experimental Animals 41, no. 4 (1992): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1538/expanim1978.41.4_449.

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Weber, Katherine P., Subhajyoti De, Iwanka Kozarewa, Daniel J. Turner, M. Madan Babu, and Mario de Bono. "Whole Genome Sequencing Highlights Genetic Changes Associated with Laboratory Domestication of C. elegans." PLoS ONE 5, no. 11 (November 11, 2010): e13922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013922.

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Kohane, Michael J., and P. A. Parsons. "Mating ability in laboratory-adapted and field-derivedDrosophila melanogaster: The stress of domestication." Behavior Genetics 17, no. 6 (November 1987): 541–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01065531.

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Siswati, Endah. "Women’s attitude towards representation of women domestication in advertisement." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 32, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v32i12019.80-94.

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The persuasive strategies in advertising often use gender-biased signs or languages, which represent women’s subordination and domestication. On the other hand, the construction and development of individual gender concepts begin in childhood through the parents, peer groups, schools and mass media socialisation, including advertisements. Thus, how women, who act as wives and mothers, view and respond to female domestication will influence how they socialise gender concepts towards their children. This study examines how the mother of the student at Laboratory Primary School, Malang, view and address the representation of female domestication advertisements in Nova and Nyata tabloids. This qualitative research was conducted in Malang City and using self-researcher as the primary research instrument. Data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and interview; then the data were analysed by qualitative analysis method of Miles & Huberman. This study found that the subjects viewed the tendency of using female models in advertising is reasonable and not a problem as long as fulfil specific criteria. The representation of women’s domestication in the domestic sector in the advertisement is also considered reasonable because the representation is the nature of women and self-reflection of women themselves. However, the subjects disagree if the description of women is only as mother who were responsible for household chores. In addition, about the representation of women’s domestication in the public sector in advertisements, the subjects stated that they agree if the ads depict the success of men in the public, however, the ads should also describe the involvement and success of women in the public sector and not only describe women as servants.

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Gooday, Graeme. "‘Nature’ in the laboratory: domestication and discipline with the microscope in Victorian life science." British Journal for the History of Science 24, no. 3 (September 1991): 307–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400027382.

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What sort of activities took place in the academic laboratories developed for teaching the natural sciences in Britain between the 1860s and 1880s? What kind of social and instrumental regimes were implemented to make them meaningful and efficient venues of experimental instruction? As humanly constructed sites of experiment how were the metropolitan institutional contexts of these laboratories engineered to make them legitimate places to study ‘Nature’? Previous studies have documented chemists' effective use of regimented quantitative analysis in their laboratory teaching from the 1820s, but less is known about how Victorian academics made other sorts of laboratories unproblematic pedagogical spaces. This paper will examine the literary, disciplinary and instrumental technologies of microscopy deployed by T. H. Huxley at his South Kensington laboratory during the early 1870s to render his biology teaching legitimate, meaningful and efficient. As such it is a response to Pickstone's recent call for a broader account of microscopy teaching in late nineteenth-century academic life science, and one localized answer to Bennett's enquiries as to what the appearance of a microscope in laboratories and other domestic settings betokened to historical actors, and how such tokens changed over time.

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Sulistiono, S. Refiani, F. Y. Tantu, and Muslihuddin . "Preliminary study on domestication of coconut crab (Birgus latro)." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 6, no. 2 (July 1, 2007): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.6.183-189.

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Preliminary study on domestication of coconut crab (Birgus latro) had been done since June - November 2004 and December - 2005 February 2006. Study was carried out in two locations namely Laboratory of Sekolah Tinggi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Palu to study adult crab, and Laboratory of Ecobiology of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University to study crab in clomang stage. Adult crabs were collected by using some fishing gears namely trap, net and directly using bamboo stick. Domestication was done in rearing batch sized 1x1x1 m3 with artificial nests (30x15x15 cm3), and small batch for water (7x10x10 cm3). While for clomang stage, crabs were reared in aquarium (80x40x40 cm3) with debris and small water batch. Result showed that adult crab had a survival rate around 12.5-0%, and mortality around 50-87.5%. A similar result was also in clomang stage, which was 12.5% for survival rate and 87.5% for mortality. Adult coconut crab was preferred to feed coconut than other food likely vegetable and chick. Keywords: domestication, coconut crab, Birgus latro, food habit ABSTRAK Penelitian awal mengenai kajian awal penangkaran kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) dilakukan pada bulan Juni - November 2004 dan Desember 2005 Februari 2006. Pelaksanaan penelitian di lakukan di dua tempat, yaitu Laboratorium Sekolah Tinggi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Palu untuk percobaan kepiting dewasa, dan Laboratorium Ekobiologi Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB Bogor, untuk percobaan kepiting tahap klomang. Kepiting dewasa ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan a.l. perangkap, jaring dan secara langsung dengan tongkat. Penangkaran dilakukan di bak-bak peliharaan berukuran 1x1x1 m3 yang dilengkapi dengan tempat persembunyian (30x15x15 cm3), dan bak kecil tempat air (7x10x10 cm3). Sedangkan kepiting tahap klomang dipelihara di akuarium (80x40x40 cm3) yang diberi daun/serasah dan tempat air. Hasil uji coba penangkaran kepiting kelapa dewasa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat survival rate berkisar 12,5-50%, dan tingkat mortalitasnya sebesar 50-87,5%. Keadaan yang serupa juga dijumpai pada stadia klomang dimana survival ratenya sebesar 12,5% dan mortalitasnya sebesar 87,5%. Dari uji coba makanan yang diberikan, diketahui bahwa kepiting dewasa kebanyakan lebih menyukai kelapa, dibandingkan jenis makanan yang berupa sayur ataupun ayam. Kata kunci: penangkaran, kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro), makanan.

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Carroll, Sean, Katherine S. Xue, and Christopher J. Marx. "Laboratory divergence of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 through unintended domestication and past selection for antibiotic resistance." BMC Microbiology 14, no. 1 (2014): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-14-2.

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Majumder, Rajib, Phillip W. Taylor, and Toni A. Chapman. "Dynamics of the Queensland Fruit Fly Microbiome through the Transition from Nature to an Established Laboratory Colony." Microorganisms 10, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020291.

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The transition from nature to laboratory or mass rearing can impose significant physiological and evolutionary impact on insects. The Queensland fruit fly (also known as ‘Qfly’), Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a serious economic pest that presents major challenges for horticulture industries in Australia. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is being developed to manage outbreaks in regions that remain free of Qfly and to suppress populations in regions where this species is endemic. The biology of Qfly is intimately connected to its microbiome. Therefore, changes in the microbiome that occur through domestication have implications for SIT. There are numerous studies of the microbiome in Qfly larvae and adults, but there is little information on how the microbiome changes as Qfly laboratory colonies are established. In this study, high-throughput Illumina sequencing was used to assess the Qfly microbiome in colonies reared from wild larvae, collected from fruit, for five generations, on a gel-based larval diet. Beta diversity analysis showed that the bacterial communities from Generation 5 (G5) clustered separately from earlier generations. At the genus level, bacterial communities were significantly different between the generations and mostly altered at G5. However, communities were found similar at phyla to family taxonomic levels. We observed high abundance of Morganella and Burkholderia at the genus level in the larval and pupal stages respectively at G5, but these were not detected in earlier generations. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the domestication process strongly affects the Qfly microbiome and prompts questions about the functional relationship between the Qfly and its microbiome, as well as implications for the performance of insects that have been domesticated and mass-reared for SIT programs.

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Zeng, Lin, Chen Ming, Yan Li, Ling-Yan Su, Yan-Hua Su, Newton O. Otecko, He-Qun Liu, et al. "Rapid Evolution of Genes Involved in Learning and Energy Metabolism for Domestication of the Laboratory Rat." Molecular Biology and Evolution 34, no. 12 (September 12, 2017): 3148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx238.

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Ruan, Chao, and Zhibin Zhang. "Laboratory domestication changed the expression patterns of oxytocin and vasopressin in brains of rats and mice." Anatomical Science International 91, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 358–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12565-015-0311-0.

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Sawa, Marin. "The laboratory life of a designer at the intersection with algal biotechnology." Architectural Research Quarterly 20, no. 1 (March 2016): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135516000191.

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Scientific laboratories are increasingly becoming a collaborative place to design in an emergent biodesign practice, yet there is very little literature on the actual place and practice. This paper describes an empirical account of a laboratory-based, interdisciplinary design research practice, exploring the intersection with algal biotechnology. Aimed at generating multiple applications of microalgae, the author spent 3 years (2012-2015) working in close collaboration with algal scientists in their research laboratories at Imperial College London. It expounds on the laboratory space and facilities and discusses collaborative experimentation with the intersectional outcome: Algae Printing. It reports that the sum of resultant biotechnological artefacts are scientific, aesthetic, and ecosophical with potential for the domestication of algal biotechnology. It reflects on the interdisciplinary collaborative practice with literature reviews and addresses suggestions for future practices. The main finding is that the integration of a designer into the laboratory life can lead to co-invention and that a role of designer in early stages of scientific research can be demonstrated.

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Hanelt, B., and J. Janovy Jr. "Untying a Gordian knot: the domestication and laboratory maintenance of a Gordian worm,Paragordius varius(Nematomorpha: Gordiida)." Journal of Natural History 38, no. 8 (April 2004): 939–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022293021000058718.

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Gibson, B., M. Dahabieh, K. Krogerus, P. Jouhten, F. Magalhães, R. Pereira, V. Siewers, and V. Vidgren. "Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Ale and Lager Yeasts for Improved Brewing Efficiency and Beer Quality." Annual Review of Food Science and Technology 11, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051715.

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Yeasts directly impact the efficiency of brewery fermentations as well as the character of the beers produced. In recent years, there has been renewed interest in yeast selection and development inspired by the demand to utilize resources more efficiently and the need to differentiate beers in a competitive market. Reviewed here are the different, non-genetically modified (GM) approaches that have been considered, including bioprospecting, hybridization, and adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). Particular emphasis is placed on the latter, which represents an extension of the processes that have led to the domestication of strains already used in commercial breweries. ALE can be used to accentuate the positive traits of brewing yeast as well as temper some of the traits that are less desirable from a modern brewer's perspective. This method has the added advantage of being non-GM and therefore suitable for food and beverage production.

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Ponomarenko, M. P., I. V. Chadaeva, P. M. Ponomarenko, A. G. Bogomolov, D. Yu Oshchepkov, E. B. Sharypova, V. V. Suslov, A. V. Osadchuk, L. V. Osadchuk, and Yu G. Matushkin. "A bioinformatic search for correspondence between differentially expressed genes of domestic versus wild animals and orthologous human genes altering reproductive potential." Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vjgb-22-13.

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One of the greatest achievements of genetics in the 20th century is D.K. Belyaev’s discovery of destabilizing selection during the domestication of animals and that this selection affects only gene expression regulation (not gene structure) and influences systems of neuroendocrine control of ontogenesis in a stressful environment. Among the experimental data generalized by Belyaev’s discovery, there are also findings about accelerated extinction of testes’ hormonal function and disrupted seasonality of reproduction of domesticated foxes in comparison with their wild congeners. To date, Belyaev’s discovery has already been repeatedly confirmed, for example, by independent observations during deer domestication, during the use of rats as laboratory animals, after the reintroduction of endangered species such as Przewalski’s horse, and during the creation of a Siberian reserve population of the Siberian grouse when it had reached an endangered status in natural habitats. A genome-wide comparison among humans, several domestic animals, and some of their wild congeners has given rise to the concept of self-domestication syndrome, which includes autism spectrum disorders. In our previous study, we created a bioinformatic model of human self-domestication syndrome using differentially expressed genes (DEGs; of domestic animals versus their wild congeners) orthologous to the human genes (mainly, nervous-system genes) whose changes in expression affect reproductive potential, i.e., growth of the number of humans in the absence of restrictions caused by limiting factors. Here, we applied this model to 68 human genes whose changes in expression alter the reproductive health of women and men and to 3080 DEGs of domestic versus wild animals. As a result, in domestic animals, we identified 16 and 4 DEGs, the expression changes of which are codirected with changes in the expression of the human orthologous genes decreasing and increasing human reproductive potential, respectively. The wild animals had 9 and 11 such DEGs, respectively. This difference between domestic and wild animals was significant according to Pearson’s χ2 test (p < 0.05) and Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05). We discuss the results from the standpoint of restoration of endangered animal species whose natural habitats are subject to an anthropogenic impact.

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Susatyo, Priyo, Sugiharto Sugiharto, Hana Hana, and Titi Chasanah. "Effects of Some Feed Suplements Types to the Growth of Javaen Barb/Brek Fish (Puntius orphoides) Second Filial as Domestication Product." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 8, no. 3 (November 22, 2016): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.5517.

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Aquaculture can be improved by a diversified approach in the form of domestication research of a wild fish. The research has been done by cultivating Javaen Barb/Brek (Puntius orphoides) from Serayu river, Banyumas at a natural pond and laboratory scale. Brek fish is relative slow in growth and development of gonad. This research is aimed to determine: (1) the rate of general growth of Brek in the provision of some kinds of additional food; (2) Relative Growth Rate (RGR); (3) Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion (FC). The research used experimental methods. The method was a completely randomized design (CRD) of 4 treatments and 3 replicationsof: A = 100% pellet; B = 70% soybean sprout and 30% pellet; C = 70% Ipomoea aquatica leaf and 30% pellet; D = 35% soybean sprouts, 35% I. aquatica leaf and 30% pellet. Quantitative data were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the fishes growth.The results show influence of feed types to the Relative Growth Rate (RGR) of Javaean Barb. The best RGR with the value of 72.40 was given by feed types in the D combination. Meanwhile, Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion (FC) were not affected by the feed types. The study were expected to provide suggestions for efficient feeding techniques in attempts at domestication of wild fish.How to CiteSusatyo, P., Sugiharto, S., Hana, H., & Chasanah, T. (2016). Effects of Some Feed Suplements Types to The Growth of Javaen Barb/Brek Fish (Puntius orphoides) Second Filial As Domestication Product. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 278-285.

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Himmler, Brett T., Rafal Stryjek, Klaudia Modlinska, Stephanie M. Derksen, Wojciech Pisula, and Sergio M. Pellis. "How domestication modulates play behavior: A comparative analysis between wild rats and a laboratory strain of Rattus norvegicus." Journal of Comparative Psychology 127, no. 4 (2013): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032187.

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Wise, I. L., R. J. Lamb, and M. A. H. Smith. "Domestication of wheats (Gramineae) and their susceptibility to herbivory by Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)." Canadian Entomologist 133, no. 2 (April 2001): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent133255-2.

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AbstractIn field and laboratory tests the wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), oviposited and developed on all 43 accessions of 17 species of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheats, Triticum L. spp. Ancestral diploid wild wheats had the lowest infestations among species in the genus, and two hexaploid species, Triticum sphaerococcum Percival and Triticum zhukovskyi Men. and Er., were more heavily infested than common wheat, Triticum aestivum L. In five lineages recognized in the genus, infestation increased in association with domestication, although not always in a continuous way. The level of infestation was not related to seed size or the number of seeds in spikes. Wheat species with free-threshing seeds and compact spikes were more infested by larvae than ancestral wheat species with less compact spikes and glumes that were either affixed to or pressed tightly against the seed. An association between glume tightness and spike compactness may explain the positive correlation between susceptibility and spike compactness. Domestication increased the susceptibility of crop wheats to wheat midge, possibly because the free-threshing trait affects the suitability of the glume–seed interface for oviposition and establishment of larvae on the seeds. The ancestral cultivated wheats, Triticum spelta L. and Triticum dicoccoides Körn., are promising sources of resistance to wheat midge because they have the same genomes as modern wheats and relatively low susceptibility. One free-threshing accession of Triticum dicoccum Schrank had relatively low susceptibility to wheat midge and may provide a source of resistance.

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Tang, Usman Muhammad, Zainal Abidin Muchlisin, Henni Syawal, and Heri Masjudi. "Effect of water temperature on the physiological stress and growth performance of tapah (Wallago leeri) during domestication." Archives of Polish Fisheries 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aopf-2017-0016.

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Abstract The objectives of the present study were to analyze the effect of temperature regimes on stress levels and to determine the suitable water temperature for the domestication of tapah, Wallago leeri Bleeker. A completely randomized method was used in this study, and three levels of water temperature were tested, namely, 27, 29, and 31°C, in seven replicates. A total of 500 experimental fish were collected from the Kampar River, Langgam, Riau, Indonesia, and transported to the Aquaculture Laboratory, Riau University. The fish were reared in 21 tanks at stocking densities of 70-100 fish tank−1. The fish were fed rough fish three times a day at 08:00, 12:00, and 21:00 for 30 days. Blood samples were taken on days 1, 14, and 29, which were analyzed for cortisol, glucose, and plasma protein. Growth and survival rates were recorded at the end of the experiment. ANOVA showed that water temperature had a significant effect on the stress condition, growth, and survival rate of tapah. Lower blood glucose, protein, and cortisol plasma levels were recorded in fish acclimatized at 29°C with values of 14.44 mg dL−1, 5.35 g dL−1, and 6.90 mg mL−1, respectively. Additionally, higher growth performance (32.30 g) and survival rates (100%) were also found in fish reared at 29°C. It was concluded that the best water temperature for the domestication of tapah is 29°C.

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Frediani, Kevin. "Vertical plant production as a public exhibit at Paignton Zoo." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 8 (November 13, 2010): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2010.142.

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Paignton Zoo has undertaken a novel project together with a multinational plant technology group to build Europe’s first vertical growing facility. The project represents the first zoo-based sustainable growing laboratory. It is an example of how zoos and botanic gardens can demonstrate sustainability to their visitors, through reducing their own impacts on the environment and by using plant-based solutions to offset the impact of anthropogenic global change on biodiversity. Urban agriculture and High Density Vertical Growing technology should be seen as a valuable element that can help to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, most specifically goal number one: to end poverty and hunger, and goal number seven: to ensure environmental sustainability by taking pressure off habitats to service unsustainable cities through agricultural domestication or otherwise unsustainable land use.

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Kistler, Logan, Vanessa C. Bieker, Michael D. Martin, Mikkel Winther Pedersen, Jazmín Ramos Madrigal, and Nathan Wales. "Ancient Plant Genomics in Archaeology, Herbaria, and the Environment." Annual Review of Plant Biology 71, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 605–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-081519-035837.

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The ancient DNA revolution of the past 35 years has driven an explosion in the breadth, nuance, and diversity of questions that are approachable using ancient biomolecules, and plant research has been a constant, indispensable facet of these developments. Using archaeological, paleontological, and herbarium plant tissues, researchers have probed plant domestication and dispersal, plant evolution and ecology, paleoenvironmental composition and dynamics, and other topics across related disciplines. Here, we review the development of the ancient DNA discipline and the role of plant research in its progress and refinement. We summarize our understanding of long-term plant DNA preservation and the characteristics of degraded DNA. In addition, we discuss challenges in ancient DNA recovery and analysis and the laboratory and bioinformatic strategies used to mitigate them. Finally, we review recent applications of ancient plant genomic research.

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Kabir, Muhammad Shalah Uddin, Farzana Arefin, Mohammad Matiur Rahman, Md Rafiqul Islam Sarder, and Md Fazlul Awal Mollah. "Domestication of red fin mahseer (Tor tor) with supplementary feeds in captive condition in Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 3 (December 28, 2018): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i3.39451.

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Effects of supplementary feeds on growth, survival, and production of red fin mahseer, Tor tor (Hamilton) was assessed in captive condition under a monoculture system. Experiments were conducted for a period of 12 months where two feeds varying in protein contents were used in treatments. One laboratory formulated feed with 36.67% protein and a commercial feed with 28% protein were characterized as treatment-1 (T1) and treatment-2 (T2), respectively. At the same time water quality parameters were measured. The net increment in weight after 12 months was 671.60 g and 509.80 g in T1 and T2 respectively. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was 4.72 and 5.26, and the specific growth rate (SGR) was 1.39 and 0.10 % day-1 in T1 and T2 respectively. In both treatments 100% fish were survived and provided the net production (kg/ha) 2807.06 and 2557.78 in T1 and T2, respectively. The water quality parameters were within the suitable range for fish culture. Between the feeds evaluated, feed with 36.67% protein (T1) proved best result considering the growth and production performance of the fish. Overall growth performance of T. tor was satisfactory; however, further research is needed. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 533–538, December 2018

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Noble, Luke M., Asif Miah, Taniya Kaur, and Matthew V. Rockman. "The Ancestral Caenorhabditis elegans Cuticle Suppresses rol-1." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 7 (May 18, 2020): 2385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401336.

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Genetic background commonly modifies the effects of mutations. We discovered that worms mutant for the canonical rol-1 gene, identified by Brenner in 1974, do not roll in the genetic background of the wild strain CB4856. Using linkage mapping, association analysis and gene editing, we determined that N2 carries an insertion in the collagen gene col-182 that acts as a recessive enhancer of rol-1 rolling. From population and comparative genomics, we infer the insertion is derived in N2 and related laboratory lines, likely arising during the domestication of Caenorhabditis elegans, and breaking a conserved protein. The ancestral version of col-182 also modifies the phenotypes of four other classical cuticle mutant alleles, and the effects of natural genetic variation on worm shape and locomotion. These results underscore the importance of genetic background and the serendipity of Brenner’s choice of strain.

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Löwy, Ilana. "Cultures de bactériologie en France, 1880–1900: la paillasse et la politique." Gesnerus 67, no. 2 (November 11, 2010): 188–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-06702002.

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Iconic accounts of the “bacteriological revolution” presented it as a radical change in the understanding of the natural world. Scientist had discovered that human being shared their environment with billions of invisible living beings which shape life phenomena, health and disease. They also learned to cultivate and manipulate these invisible creatures. The domestication of microorganisms in the laboratory disarmed them as enemies and occasionally transformed them into allies. This analysis of the development in French bacteriology displays a more nuanced and complex picture, with continuities as well as ruptures, and multiple levels of change. Between 1880 and 1900, the rise of “pasteurian science” did produce important changes in French society, but these changes were obtained through a variety of approaches: introduction of new experimental techniques, administrative and legal methods, training of professionals, education of the general public, and a direct political intervention.

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Stryjek, Rafał, Klaudia Modlińska, and Wojciech Pisula. "Response to spatial and nonspatial change in wild (WWCPS) and Wistar rats." Polish Psychological Bulletin 43, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10059-012-0015-4.

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Response to spatial and nonspatial change in wild (WWCPS) and Wistar rats The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effects of domestication on exploration in rats. The comparison was made between wild Warsaw-Wild-Captive-Pisula-Stryjek (WWCPS) rats and Wistar laboratory rats. The study used a purpose-built maze divided into zones connected with a corridor. Objects were placed in two out of four zones. Their location and shape were subject to experimental manipulation. Transporter used to move rats to the maze provided the opportunity for spontaneous exploration of the experimental arena. Rats were subjected to a series of 10 sessions (habituation), followed by a spatial or nonspatial change in the experimental arena, after which another 5 experimental sessions were conducted. The study revealed that wild rats had much higher exploration latency than their laboratory counterparts. At each analyzed stage, WWCPS rats spent much more time in the transporter than Wistar rats. Wistar rats spent much more time during the experiment on object interaction in the experimental arena. In post-manipulation sessions, however, it was wild rats that explored object zones relatively longer than laboratory rats. No differences in the animals' behavior depending on the type of change were observed. Results suggest that wild rats tend to explore much more cautiously than laboratory rats and are more sensitive to changes in their environment. The underlying cause of these differences is likely to be the higher level of stress in wild rats, resulting from threats in their natural habitat.

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Waskita, Teguh Dwi, Novarina Sulsia Ista'In Ningtyas, and Alfiana Laili Dwi Agustin. "Detection Of Nematode Worm Eggs In The Feces Of Domestic Chicken (Gallus domesticus) In Karang Bongkot Village Labuapi District West Lombok Regency." Mandalika Veterinary Journal 2, no. 2 (October 28, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/mvj.v2i2.6224.

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Domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus) is one type of poultry that has experienced domestication and is spread throughout the archipelago. Chicken consumed by humans should be in a healthy condition and free from various types of parasites. Information about Domestic chicken infected with parasites is needed to maintain animal health and prevent the occurrence of zoonotic diseases. Research has been carried out on Domestic chicken in Karang Bongkot Village, Labuapi District, West Lombok Regency with the aim of detecting nematode worms in Domestic chicken. Samples were taken as many as 5 chicken feces and examined by the native and floating method in the Equine Clinical Skills Center (CSC) laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mandalika Universitas of Mataram, and then identified based on their morphology. Two samples were positive for nematode infection. The results of this study succeeded in detecting nematodes that infect native chickens as Heterakis gallinarum species.

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Branda, Steven S., José Eduardo González-Pastor, Etienne Dervyn, S. Dusko Ehrlich, Richard Losick, and Roberto Kolter. "Genes Involved in Formation of Structured Multicellular Communities by Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 12 (June 15, 2004): 3970–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.12.3970-3979.2004.

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ABSTRACT The spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis is capable of assembling multicellular communities (biofilms) that display a high degree of spatiotemporal organization. Wild strains that have not undergone domestication in the laboratory produce particularly robust biofilms with complex architectural features, such as fruiting-body-like aerial projections whose tips serve as preferential sites for sporulation. To discover genes involved in this multicellular behavior and to do so on a genome-wide basis, we took advantage of a large collection of mutants which have disruptions of most of the uncharacterized genes in the B. subtilis genome. This collection, which was generated with a laboratory strain, was screened for mutants that were impaired in biofilm formation. This subset of mutated genes was then introduced into the wild strain NCIB 3610 to study their effects on biofilm formation in liquid and solid media. In this way we identified six genes that are involved in the development of multicellular communities. These are yhxB (encoding a putative phosphohexomutase that may mediate exopolysaccharide synthesis), sipW (encoding a signal peptidase), ecsB (encoding an ABC transporter subunit), yqeK (encoding a putative phosphatase), ylbF (encoding a regulatory protein), and ymcA (a gene of unknown function). Further analysis revealed that these six genes play different roles in B. subtilis community development.

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Dohm, M. R., C. S. Richardson, and T. Garland. "Exercise physiology of wild and random-bred laboratory house mice and their reciprocal hybrids." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 267, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): R1098—R1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.267.4.r1098.

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We conducted a "common garden" experiment to compare aspects of exercise physiology and voluntary wheel-running behavior in wild and random-bred (i.e., non-inbred) laboratory house mice and their reciprocal crosses. Analysis of covariance indicated that, after effects of body mass and other appropriate covariates (e.g., age at testing) were accounted for, wild (range 2.46-3.30 m/s, n = 12) and hybrid (range 1.69-3.30 m/s, n = 24) mice exhibited forced maximal sprint running speeds that averaged approximately 50% higher than those of random-bred laboratory mice (range 1.11-2.12 m/s, n = 19). Wild and hybrid mice also had significantly higher (+22%) mass-corrected maximal rates of oxygen consumption (VO2max) during forced exercise and greater (+12%) relative ventricle masses than lab mice. Wild and hybrid mice also showed statistically higher swimming endurance times relative to body mass than lab mice, although these differences were insignificant when body mass was not used as a covariate. No significant differences were found for relative gastrocnemius muscle mass, liver mass, hematocrit, or blood hemoglobin content. During a 7-day test on voluntary activity wheels, both wild and hybrid mice ran significantly more total revolutions (+101%), ran at higher average velocities when they were active (+69%), and exhibited higher maximum revolutions in any single 1-min period (+41% on the 7th day of testing), but the total number of active 1-min intervals did not differ significantly among groups. In general, the behavioral and/or whole organisms performance traits showed greater differences than the lower-level traits; thus, during the domestication of house mice, behavior may have evolved more rapidly than physiology.

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Mokhnachova, N. B., L. F. Starodub, and M. L. Dobryanska. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHOD OF DNA ISOLATION FROM FOSSILS." Animal Breeding and Genetics 60 (November 23, 2020): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.60.14.

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The history of the origin and domestication of farm animals has always interested mankind. However, these issues are covered in the literature in great detail only from the time when herds of domestic animals have already formed. Most often, the genesis of individual species, the original forms that formed the basis of domestication, remain unclear. [2] An example is the history of domestication of the horse, as the horse played a central role among other domestic animals in the development of human society. In the study of mammal fauna of the Pleistocene-Holocene of Europe there is a problem of studying the origin of the domestic horse Eguus cabalus L., ie, the establishment of wild ancestors of domesticated breeds, place, time and process of their domestication. Analysis of literature data on paleontological and archaeological finds in Ukraine showed that most researchers believe that the first domesticated horses began to recognize horses, the remains of which were found during archaeological excavations of the settlement of the third millennium BC. BC in Botai (Northern Kazakhstan), but from which taxon the opinions of scientists differ. Some believe that it could be Tarpan, however, there is an opinion that a large horse could not come from a small tarpan and Przewalski's horse. Therefore, preference was given to the hypothesis of the origin of the domestic horse from the ancient Pleistocene. At present, the problem of the origin of the domestic horse does not go beyond hypotheses and assumptions, and this is primarily due to the slight difference between the bones of the domestic and wild horse. The plasticity of the skeleton of the genus Eguus is very weak and this explains the problems faced by paleontologists in trying to develop the evolutionary history of horses. Thus, to understand the processes of domestication of this animal, in addition to archaeological and paleontological research methods, it is necessary to use tools from other fields of science, such as molecular genetic analysis of DNA samples. One of the variants of test systems for studying genetic polymorphism is the use of ISSR markers, which allow to analyze DNA fragments and make certain phylogenetic connections in the studied groups. In the laboratory of genetics of the Institute of Breeding and Genetics of Animals named after M.V.Zubets NAAS began research in the field of paleogenetics, namely – the study of the molecular genetic component in the fossils of ancient members of the genus Eguus using ISSR-markers. Inverted repeats are of particular interest because they are unevenly distributed throughout the genome and do not require prior knowledge of the nucleotide sequence of the test DNA. A significant point in the selection of research methods for us was that intermicrosatellite polymorphism is used to study interspecific and intraspecific genetic variability. It is believed that DNA fragments obtained by ISSR analysis can be species- and breed-specific, and this method is widely used by researchers in the study of breed groups. The purpose of our work is to develop a new method of DNA isolation from fossil remains (bones) of ancient horses and the production of ISSR-PCR with isolated DNA samples in the laboratory of genetics IRGT. M.V.Zubets NAAS according to the available reagents and existing protocols. The research was carried out on samples of fossil bones of horses of the Pleistocene period (about 10 thousand years BC). One bone was found in the village. Beeches of Zhytomyr region in a career. Excavations were carried out in 1960, the metacarpal bone (os. Tarsicentral). Another bone was found in Novgorod-Siversky, Chernihiv region. in a career. Excavations were conducted by Boriskovsky PI in 1935. A tooth found in the village of Tarpan was used to study a wild tarpan horse (4.5 thousand years BC). Skibnytsia, Trostyanets district, Vinnytsia region. Excavations were conducted in 1959 by VM Danylenko. The paleontological material for the study was provided by the Kyiv National Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Paleontology. As a result of this work for the first time in the Department of Genetics and Biotechnology IRGT. Research on paleogenetics has been started by M.V.Zubets. We optimized the method of extracting genetic material from fossils and obtained DNA from the bones of a horse of the Pleistocene period (about 10 thousand years BC) and the tooth of a wild horse tarpan (4.5 thousand years BC). Also, the optimal conditions for PCR were selected to work with DNA obtained from fossil remains, to study polymorphism with ISSR markers, and electrophoregrams of amplification products were obtained.

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Coli, Alessandra, Davide Prinetto, and Elisabetta Giannessi. "Wolf and Dog: What Differences Exist?" Anatomia 2, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/anatomia2010007.

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A morphological study of the skeletal specimen of Canis lupus L. from an archeological dig of Agnano (Pisa) (Fauna Laboratory, Department of Archaeological Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy) that is chronologically placed in the Wurm period (last glaciation) was done to perform an anatomical comparison between this wild ancestor and osteological specimens of Canis familiaris L. present in the Veterinary Anatomy Museum (University of Pisa). Marked morphological differences in the splanchnocranium (nasal bone, zygomatic arch and orbital angle), neurocranium (sagittal crest) and temporomandibular joint (due to different developments of the masticatory muscles) are highlighted on the wolf specimen compared to those in the domestic dog specimens present in Museum. The appendicular skeletal bones of the wolf show anatomical features similar to those of dog bone specimens, confirming their belonging to the same family (Canidae). This result confirms that domestication has almost exclusively affected the anatomical features of the skull that have changed due to the difference in dietary approach between wolves and dogs.

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Betlej, Gabriela, Ewelina Bator, Bernadetta Oklejewicz, Leszek Potocki, Anna Górka, Magdalena Slowik-Borowiec, Wojciech Czarny, Wojciech Domka, and Aleksandra Kwiatkowska. "Long-Term Adaption to High Osmotic Stress as a Tool for Improving Enological Characteristics in Industrial Wine Yeast." Genes 11, no. 5 (May 20, 2020): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050576.

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Industrial wine yeasts owe their adaptability in constantly changing environments to a long evolutionary history that combines naturally occurring evolutionary events with human-enforced domestication. Among the many stressors associated with winemaking processes that have potentially detrimental impacts on yeast viability, growth, and fermentation performance are hyperosmolarity, high glucose concentrations at the beginning of fermentation, followed by the depletion of nutrients at the end of this process. Therefore, in this study, we subjected three widely used industrial wine yeasts to adaptive laboratory evolution under potassium chloride (KCl)-induced osmotic stress. At the end of the evolutionary experiment, we evaluated the tolerance to high osmotic stress of the evolved strains. All of the analyzed strains improved their fitness under high osmotic stress without worsening their economic characteristics, such as growth rate and viability. The evolved derivatives of two strains also gained the ability to accumulate glycogen, a readily mobilized storage form of glucose conferring enhanced viability and vitality of cells during prolonged nutrient deprivation. Moreover, laboratory-scale fermentation in grape juice showed that some of the KCl-evolved strains significantly enhanced glycerol synthesis and production of resveratrol-enriched wines, which in turn greatly improved the wine sensory profile. Altogether, these findings showed that long-term adaptations to osmotic stress can be an attractive approach to develop industrial yeasts.

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Himmler, Stephanie M., Klaudia Modlinska, Rafal Stryjek, Brett T. Himmler, Wojciech Pisula, and Sergio M. Pellis. "Domestication and diversification: A comparative analysis of the play fighting of the Brown Norway, Sprague-Dawley, and Wistar laboratory strains of (Rattus norvegicus)." Journal of Comparative Psychology 128, no. 3 (2014): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0036104.

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Stuermer, Ingo W., Karsten Plotz, Axel Leybold, Olaf Zinke, Otto Kalberlah, Ravchikh Samjaa, and Henning Scheich. "Intraspecific Allometric comparison of Laboratory gerbils with Mongolian Gerbils Trapped in the Wild Indicates Domestication in Meriones unguiculatus (Milne-Edwards, 1867) (Rodentia: Gerbillinae)." Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology 242, no. 3 (January 2003): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0044-5231-00102.

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45

Bijaksana, Untung, and Septiodrian R Balantek. "DOMESTIFIKASI IKAN BETOK Anabas testudineus MELALUI PEMIJAHAN DI WADAH BUDIDAYA (CLIMBING PERCH, Anabas testudineus DOMESTICATION THROUGH SPAWNING)." Fish Scientiae 2, no. 4 (June 17, 2016): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/fs.v2i4.1174.

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Penelitian ini dimaksudkan sebagai upaya domestikasi Ikan Betok melalui pemijahan dalam wadah budidaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Basah Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat . Tiga poin utama dalam mendukung keberhasilan pemijahan ikan, yaitu : perkembangan gonad , ovulasi dan pemijahan . Tentu perkembangan panjat bertengger gonad ikan terjadi pada awal musim kemarau puncak musim dan di awal musim hujan atau saat musim hujan , pemijahan terjadi . Keadaan alami ini mencoba untuk diadopsi dalam budidaya kontainer , dengan fashting selama 1 , 2 dan 3 hari dengan tingkat air , 10 , 15 dan 20 cm . Hasilnya adalah waktu yang laten dari 11,7 jam sampai 39 jam , fekunditas antara 5310-7376 butir , diameter telur 0,5 hingga 0,8 mm , tingkat fertilisasi antara 88,2-93,2 persen dan tingkat menetas antara 87 , 0-91,6 persen.The study is intended as an attempt domestication through climbing perch spawning in the container cultivation. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Wetlands Program University Faculty of Fisheries Aquaculture Lambung Mangkurat. Three main points in support of the spawning success of fish, namely: gonadal development, ovulation and spawning. Naturally development climbing perch fish gonads occurred in the early dry season to peak season and at the beginning of the rainy season or during the rainy season, spawning occurred. This natural state is trying to be adopted in the cultivation of container, with fashting for 1, 2 and 3 days with water levels, 10, 15 and 20 cm. The result is a latent time of 11.7 hours to 39 hours, fecundity between 5310 to 7376 grains, egg diameter 0.5 to 0.8 mm, the degree of fertilization between 88.2 to 93.2 percent and the degree of hatching between 87, 0 to 91.6 percent.

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Nord, Mia E., and Per Jensen. "Genomic Regions Associated with Variation in Pigmentation Loss in Saddle Tan Beagles." Genes 12, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020316.

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Loss of pigmentation is a hallmark of domestication, and dogs offer a unique model for understanding the genetics of fur coloration. The aim of this study was to use dense genetic mapping to map loci underlying variations in color and whiteness in a population of laboratory beagles. A total of 190 beagles with well-defined pedigrees were phenotyped for the amount of white color in six different body parts, including the saddle. All individuals were genotyped on 85,172 informative and valid SNP-markers and the genome-wide associations for the amount of white in each body part were determined. There was a large variation in the amount of white on different parts of the body, and the whiteness was highly correlated within individuals, except for saddle color which was only moderately correlated with overall whiteness. The GWAS showed significant associations with two loci, one on chromosome 5, containing the MC1R gene, and one on chromosome 20, containing the MITF gene. Our results suggest that the variation in loss of pigmentation is largely a function of regulatory variation related to these genes.

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Berejikian, Barry A. "The effects of hatchery and wild ancestry and experience on the relative ability of steelhead trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to avoid a benthic predator." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 2476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-838.

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Differences in selection regimes between hatchery and natural environments and environmental stimuli, among other factors, have the potential to cause differences in predator avoidance ability between hatchery and wild steelhead trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In two separate laboratory experiments, fry raised from eggs of wild Quinault River steelhead trout survived predation by prickly sculpin (Cottus asper) significantly better than size-matched offspring of a locally derived hatchery population, which were reared under similar conditions. Wild fry also survived predation better than hatchery fry in natural stream enclosures over a 3-day test period. Experience, in the form of 50-min visual exposure to sculpin predation on "sacrificial" steelhead trout, improved the ability of fry from both populations to avoid predation by sculpin. Wild-experienced fry were eaten in the fewest number of trials followed by wild-naive, hatchery-experienced, and hatchery-naive fry. The results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that innate predator avoidance ability has been negatively altered through domestication and that attempts to condition hatchery-reared steelhead to avoid predators may be limited for domesticated populations.

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Ishikawa, Tomohiko, Takashi Matsuo, and Kechiro Tsuji. "Developmental Changes in the Caravaning Behaviour of the House Musk Shrew (Suncus Murinus)." Behaviour 99, no. 1-2 (1986): 117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853986x00441.

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AbstractDevelopment of caravaning behaviour in the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) was described in detail and discussed in relation to sensory and motor development. With age of pups, caravaning changed in its formation pattern (I-V) as well as its quantitative aspects such as frequency of occurrence, duration and distance. The shift in formation pattern from II to III was simultaneous with the onset of vision (Experiment I). In darkness, frequency of caravaning significantly decreased at ages later than 11 days. This was due to the selective disappearance of Patterns III and V (Experiment II). These findings suggest the role of vision in caravan formation at the later stage of the period of occurrence. After the onset of vision, caravaning is released mostly by visual motion of the object, whereas caravaning at the earlier stage is released nonvisually. Caravaning and the pup's locomotor activity were suppressed and delayed until the age of weaning in the enclosure set up to simulate the natural habitat. The period of occurrence was reduced by disappearance of some formation patterns observable in the laboratory open-field and the onset of caravaning exactly synchronized with that of spontaneous and independent locomotion. Development of caravaning in the outdoor enclosure closely resembled the development of Pattern V in the open-field (Experiment III). The adaptive significance of caravaning can be fully understood only by comparing behaviours which occur in different situations. Such an approach could bridge the gap between observations in the laboratory and those in the natural habitat. In Experiment I, caravaning was compared between domesticated laboratory animals and animals at the first two generations of nonsib-mating from wild ones. The age-dependent tendency was more distinct in the latter group. This suggests that mother-offspring relations changed in the process of domestication.

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Schaefers, A. T. U. "Rearing conditions and domestication background determine regulation of hippocampal cell proliferation and survival in adulthood – Laboratory CD1 and C57Bl/6 mice versus wild house mice." Neuroscience 228 (January 2013): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.020.

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Kuswantoro, F., and A. S. Li’aini. "Germination biology of the exotic ice cream bean (Inga edulis Mart.) seed from Bedugul, Bali." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 948, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012008.

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Abstract:

Abstract Inga edulis is an exotic edible Fabaceae species locally known as buah es krim in Bedugul, Bali. The plant species is a favourite fruit for consumption and trading due to the sweet sarcostesta. Wild I. edulis are abundantly grown in Bedugul. The current study aim is to describes I. edulis germination biology. This study will provide data for I. edulis future research both in its domestication and invasion prevention. I. edulis seeds are collected two times from wild plants growing within Bali Botanic Garden. A total of twenty-one I. edulis seeds are germinated in a clear closed plastic container with agar media at Bali Botanic Garden Seed Bank Laboratory. The germination process was observed daily until the seventh day after sowing (DAS) while number of seedlings was calculated in the last observation day. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis was conducted to describe I. edulis seed germination biology. This study result shows that I. edulis seeds produce high germination percentage rapidly. I. edulis seeds exhibited hypogeal germination and phanerocotylar hypogeal with reserve storage seedling functional type. Polyembryony was also present with a single seed can produce up to four seedlings.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Laboratory domestication'

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