Journal articles: 'Laboratory arrangement'

1

Hu, Xu Yue, Yi Fan Yang, and Xiao Xiong Shen. "Experimental Study on Flow Velocity in Open Channel with Different Arrangement Submerged Flexible Vegetation." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1093–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1093.

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Laboratory experiments using Nortek Doppler Velocimeter were performed to investigate the characteristics of water flow in open channels with submerged flexible vegetation in different arrangements. Test results reveal that the presence of vegetation influences water level variation. No matter what kind of arrangement the vegetation is, the water level variation of vegetation area can be divided into three processes: rise, and then fall, at last remains stable. While the variation ranges of water level in interlaced arrangement vegetation area is larger than the standard arrangement. Compared with standard arrangement, the water flow velocity of interlaced arrangement fluctuates much more greatly. The higher density of equidifferent vegetation area, the lower lodging degree and water flow velocity. The lateral water flow velocity fluctuates most greatly in densely vegetation area, while at sparse vegetation area, the lateral water flow above and below vegetation layer is reverse.

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Bertilson, Michael C., Per A. C. Takman, Anders Holmberg, Ulrich Vogt, and Hans M. Hertz. "Laboratory arrangement for soft x-ray zone plate efficiency measurements." Review of Scientific Instruments 78, no. 2 (February 2007): 026103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2472590.

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Perret, Emeline, Céline Berni, and Benoît Camenen. "Impact of bed surface arrangement on bedload rate: comparisons between loose, armored and water-worked beds." E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 05036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184005036.

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Existing formulas for predicting bedload rate may be not adapted for mountain rivers with poorly sorted sediments, partly because they were often established using laboratory data with conditions far from those found in such rivers. Natural bed arrangement is particularly difficult to reproduce in flumes, although recent studies highlighted its importance on bedload dynamics. This study aims to quantify bed arrangement impact on bedload rate using original laboratory tests and to improve existing bedload formulas. Three types of bed composed with the same material but having different bed arrangements were studied: loose beds were installed manually in the flume and the others, packed and water-worked beds, were created using water power. Packed beds were assimilated to flat beds composed of a static armor layer whereas water-worked beds exhibited stronger bed organization, including large-scale bed forms. Laser-scanner surveys were used to characterize differences in bed morphology. Similar unsteady hydraulic conditions were applied over these beds. Results showed that bedload dynamics varies significantly depending on the initial arrangement. Compared to loose bed, bedload was enhanced over water-worked bed and reduced over packed bed. Bed surface indicators are thus important parameters to take into account when predicting gravel transport.

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Uehara, Yasushi, Masayuki Kataoka, Tetsuo Ogama, Atsushi Kawabata, Kazuo Nishihagi, and Kazuo Taniguchi. "Double Flat Crystal Spectrometer in Dispersive Arrangement for Laboratory XAFS Spectroscopy." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 32, S2 (January 1, 1993): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.32s2.273.

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Cui, Qing Quan, Jing Ning, and Xun He Yin. "Research on the Intelligent Management of Access Control System for Laboratory Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.562.

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Access control system applied in laboratory center makes laboratory management more conveniently. The laboratory security can be guaranteed, even the efficiency of laboratory management and human resource arrangement are also improved. How to use the hardware and software resources of access control system sufficiently, and conduct intelligent management combined with experiment courses, which need deeper research and actual intelligent management. In the paper, take the Beijing Experimental Teaching Center-Experimental Teaching Center of Electrical and Intelligent Engineering on Building as example, the co-design of Access Control System and experiment courses arrangement is proposed according to the database technology, and the intelligent management process is analyzed and realized.

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Zeng, Lv Xian, Zu Yi Zheng, Jun Hua Wan, Xi Chen, Zhong Min Wan, Jing Ying Tan, and Jing Liu. "Experimental Investigation on Multi-Unit Parallel-Flow Type Condenser with Flat Tubes Distribution." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 1233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.1233.

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Three heat exchangers, all of which have 38 tubes in total and 6 passes, with different tube arrangements were manufactured to be experimental investigated in laboratory. The effect of flat tube distribution on heat transfer performance and pressure drop characteristic was experimental investigated. The effect of different air velocity and flow on heat transfer performance and pressure drop characteristic was also experimental investigated. The results show that similar tube distribution has little effect on heat transfer quality but has great effect on pressure drop. It was found the third arrangement has the best heat transfer and its pressure drop is small. Thus the third arrangement is the best solution. The heat transfer and pressure drop increase with the air velocity and refrigerant flow, so a proper value should be chosen, it was found that the simulation results were mainly agreement with the experimental results.

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Fang, Jianzhi, and Kau-Fui Vincent Wong. "OPTIMIZATION OF AN OIL BOOM ARRANGEMENT." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 1367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-1367.

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ABSTRACT The equipment under study is an innovative boom arrangement consisting of a ramp boom and three other conventional booms of different drafts. To optimize the design, an advanced volume of fluid (VOF) algorithm is developed to calculate oil-water flows in the complex geometry. The effects of the gravity, current velocity, and depth; spans between the conventional booms; the ramp boom's draft and inclination angle; oil viscosity; and density are considered in the present numerical modeling. A comparison was made between the computational simulation and the laboratory experiment of the boom arrangement and satisfactory results were obtained. From the numerical investigations, it is found that the oil slick flowing behind the ramp boom is similar to that of a solid object traveling under the influence of gravity. To achieve a high performance, the ramp slope should be as small as possible and the span of the boom system should cover the oil's “landing distance.” Under the current tide conditions, the simulations show that the small amplitude tide may improve the system's performance, while the large amplitude tide significantly deteriorates it. The smaller angular-frequency tide is more harmful to the system, especially if the tide's amplitude is large at the same time.

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Pazderů, K., J. Hodoval, J. Urban, J. Pulkrábek, V. Pačuta, and J. Adamčík. "The influence of sweet sorghum crop stand arrangement on biomass and biogas production." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 9 (September 8, 2014): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/562/2014-pse.

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The possibility of sweet sorghum cultivation with different inter-row distances (20, 50, 75 cm) was verified in small scale plots with 3 cultivars (Bovital, Goliath, Sucrosorgho). The maize cv. Atletico (rows 75 cm) was used as a control. The influence of row width and cultivar on fresh and dry biomass, methane and biogas production per area was statistically significant. The methane and biogas production was evaluated in laboratory, via fermentation in Oxi Top Control Merck bottles. Generally, sorghum was more productive than maize. The highest biogas production per hectare was found in case of 25 cm row spacing. Goliath was the most yielding cultivar (in all parameters). The experiment proved possibility to produce biomass from sorghum in narrow rows for biogas stations in the Czech Republic.

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Lin, Wei-Ming, Cheng Rau, and Rea-Lon Su. "THE STRUCTURAL RESPONSES OF DOLOS ARMOR UNITS UNDER THE DYNAMIC LOADING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 20 (January 29, 1986): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.152.

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The "Dolos" is now used widely for harbor and shore protection works in various ports of Taiwan (R.O.C.) and some damage has been noted. The purpose of this research is to understand the major factors which influence dolos breakage. The factors studied include plain or reinforced concrete, rebar arrangement, chamfered or enlarged fillet corner and the fracture behavior by pendulum and drop test. Site observations and laboratory dynamic tests are included in this paper. The site observation investigated the behavior of the broken dolos at each habor. In the laboratory dynamic tests 42 specimens of 1.5 tons dolos were used for drop tests; frontal and transverse pendulum tests (Fig.l). The results show that the fracture behavior in the laboratory tests agree with those of site observation, i.e. cracking due to frontal impact is more severe than that of transverse impact. The arrangement of rebar also influences the strength of the dolos. Therefore, it is suggested that the dynamic tests are necessary for dolos testing.

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10

Choi, Shin-Kyu, Jung-Min Lee, HanBeom Jeong, JiHeon Kim, and Tae-Hyuk Kwon. "Effect of Arrangement of Slit-type Barriers on Debris Flow Behavior: Laboratory-scaled Experiment." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 15, no. 3 (June 30, 2015): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2015.15.3.223.

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Huboyo, H. S., M. Hadiwidodo, and B. S. Ramadan. "Potential of Bioaerosol Emission in The Green House Laboratory and Research Laboratory at Environmental Engineering Department." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 05017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020205017.

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In several countries in the world 24% of total atmospheric particles and 5% - 10% are suspended atmospheric particles are bioaerosols. In Indonesia, bioaerosol studies are mostly carried out in hospitals and school laboratories. The purpose of this research is to calculate potential bioaerosol emission in the research laboratory of the environmental engineering department. The method used is based on literature survey and observation of lab activities during waste composting. Based on our calculation, the bioaerosol flux emission from green house lab was 4.6 – 6.2 x103 cfu/s for Aspergillus Fumigatus, while for research lab it was 12.45 – 16.65 x 103 cfu/s. The emission flux of mesophilic actinomycetes was even bigger. The distribution of bioaerosol at GreenHouse lab declined at 3 m away, while for research lab it declined about 5 m away from the sources. Based on this study, schedule arrangement for the students in these lab is important to minimize bioaerosol exposure.

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Uchmański, Janusz, Krzysztof W. Kopaliński, Karolina Rau, and Alexei V. Uvarov. "Dispersal and individual variability: laboratory experiments with the woodlouse Porcellio scaber." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2017.15.4.02.

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Laboratory experiments on the dispersal of woodlouse Porcellio scaber showed that the possibility to disperse diminished the intensity of intraspecific competition. The decision to disperse from local habitat to another one didn’t depend on the weight of individual. The only category of individuals that tried to avoid dispersal were females carrying eggs. This can be connected with the Brownian way of movement of woodlouse during penetration of surrounding environment or with the arrangement of the experiment in which the costs of dispersal were low.

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13

Carbone, Karin, Nilda M. P. Pinto, Paulo A. Abrahamsohn, and Telma M. T. Zorn. "Arrangement and fine structure of collagen fibrils in the decidualized mouse endometrium." Microscopy Research and Technique 69, no. 1 (January 2006): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.20265.

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Benedicto, Hildebrando G., Pedro P. Bombonato, Guido Macchiarelli, Giuseppe Stifano, and Isaura M. M. Prado. "Structural arrangement of the cardiac collagen fibers of healthy and diabetic dogs." Microscopy Research and Technique 74, no. 11 (April 11, 2011): 1018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.20988.

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15

Du, Jian Rong, Zu Yi Zheng, Jun Hua Wan, Yi De Wang, Zhong Min Wan, Qiong Guan, and Jing Liu. "Simulation Investigation on Multi-Unit Parallel-Flow Type Condenser with Flat Tubes Distribution." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1910–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1910.

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Three heat exchangers, all of which have 38 tubes in total and 6 passes, with different tube arrangements were simulation investigated in laboratory. The effect of flat tube distribution on heat transfer performance and pressure drop characteristic was simulation investigated. The effect of different air velocity and flow on heat transfer performance and pressure drop characteristic was simulation investigated too. The results show that similar tube distribution has little effect on heat transfer but has great effect on pressure drop. It was found the tube arrangement from first pass to sixth pass is 10,9,6,5,4,4 has the best heat transfer performance and its pressure drop is small. The heat transfer and pressure drop increase with the air velocity and refrigerant flow.

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Suseno, Nyoto, and Riswanto Riswanto. "SISTEM PENGELOLAAN LABORATORIUM FISIKA UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN PELAKSANAAN PRAKTIKUM YANG EFISIEN." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/jpf.v5i1.743.

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The Indeavorings’ problem of SMA physics laboratory are: lack competence human resource, coordinator of laboratory is as the second teacher job, the laboratory hasn’t been managed well, so far the laboratory cannot been used optimum. To overcame this problem, there is conducted guidance tacnical of laboratory workers, and workshop management of labarotory. The stap include: guidance tacnical for human resource, workshop of manual laboratory management, inventory and labeling, workshop of schedule arrangement, SOP and the implementation. The result are: 1) in general, the physics laboratory of SMA in Metro have fulfilled the infastruture standar, 2) lack of human resource, 2)good management can help the physics experements a run efficient based on the schedule. The problem found that the teachers are difficult to look for the materials and their spacification, so that needed improvement to laboratory management based on ICT

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B. Iska, Benazir, Radianta Triatmadja, Adam Pamudji Rahardjo, and Nur Yuwono. "The Implementation of Combined Roughness and Reflected Model (CRRM) in Tsunami Run-up Simulation through Coastal Vegetation." Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 4, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.36857.

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Hydraulics resistance is commonly used to simulate or replace drag and inertia forces due to vegetation when modeling tsunami run-up. A new numerical method was proposed which was named Combined Roughness and Reflected Model (CRRM). This method accommodates the reflection process of tsunami flow by tree surfaces. A series of experimental work was performed in laboratory to verify the numerical results. The physical process of laboratory work was discussed to explain the interaction between tsunami and vegetation models. The relation of some notable parameters was reviewed for both models. The physical model verified that the deviations between the physical and the numerical model were below 20%. With such numerical method, more challenging forest layout such as zigzag arrangement can be studied more accurately. It is concluded that the zigzag arrangement of trees layout and higher density of trees were capable of reducing tsunami run-up on land significantly.

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Boudissa, Rabah, Fatma Bouchelga, Stefan Kornhuber, and Klaus Dieter Haim. "Constellation of Condensation and Raindrops and Its Effect on the DC Flashover Voltage of Inclined Silicone Insulation." Energies 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 3549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183549.

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The purpose of this paper is to characterize the arrangement of raindrops and natural condensation and its effect on the direct current voltage’s flashover of a hydrophobic silicone insulating surface under variable inclination. Two devices have been realized, one for on-site exposure of insulation samples under rain and condensation, and the other for laboratory use in order to allow the variation of the angle of their inclination. The temporal evolution of the constellation of raindrops and natural condensation as well as the electrical discharge produced in the laboratory was visualized. The results emanated from the on-site investigation allowed the identification of the most reproducible type of arrangement of rainwater and natural condensation drops as well as the estimation of their respective volume. The results from the laboratory clearly show the existence of an interval of the insulation’s inclination angle, which allows the best approximation of its electrical performance to what was obtained in the absence of these drops. Moreover, these same results also inform us about some very critical situations to avoid regarding the insulation by a judicious choice of its inclination angle.

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Schöfer, C., Klara Weipoltshammer, Marlene Almeder, and Franz Wachtler. "Arrangement of individual human ribosomal DNA fragments on stretched DNA fibers." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 110, no. 2 (July 17, 1998): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050282.

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Dmitriev, A. K., A. N. Konovalov, V. N. Kortunov, and V. A. Ul’yanov. "Methods of Feedback Arrangement for Smart Surgical Systems Based on Fiber Lasers." Biomedical Engineering 53, no. 1 (May 2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10527-019-09880-6.

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Tinenti, Yanti Rosinda, Hironimus Tangi, and Yustina D. S. Lawung. "Pengelolaan Laboratorium Kimia Kimia di SMAN 1 Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)." Jurnal Pengabdian UntukMu NegeRI 5, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jpumri.v5i1.2476.

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Abstract This PKM is conducted at SMA Negeri I Kupang, which is located at JLN. Cak Doko, No. 59, Oetete Village, Oebobo District, Kupang City, NTT Province. The output in this PKM is a well-organized chemical laboratory, producing types of laboratory administration, analyzing the increase in teacher knowledge and skills regarding laboratory administration and governance. The result of this PKM activity was an increase in the value of the ability of teachers in laboratory management and administration which had an impact on the conditions of the chemistry laboratory at SMAN 1 Kupang on 5 governance indicators indicated by N-Gain values and criteria consecutively as follows, planning indicator 0, 62 (moderate), organizing indicator 0.33 (moderate), administration indicator 0.78 (high), laboratory instrument arrangement indicator 1 (high), laboratory material structuring indicator 0.93 (high), and safety indicator 0.67 ( moderate). Thus it can be concluded that this PKM activity can improve teachers' knowledge and skills regarding laboratory governance.

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DUNAI, LÁSZLÓ, and GÁBOR JAKAB. "STABILITY BEHAVIOR AND DESIGN OF NONCONVENTIONAL COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURES — RESEARCH REVIEW." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 11, no. 05 (October 2011): 903–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455411004397.

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In the paper, the methodology and main results of two research projects on nonconventional cold-formed thin-walled steel structures are presented. Laboratory tests, standard-based calculations, numerical models, and the connection of these to design method development are summarized. The implementation of the methodology is presented on two areas in detail: CompressionC-section members and a truss made of C-section members. The studied CompressionC-section members are of various cross-sectional arrangement and end- and lateral-supporting conditions. They consist of single or double asymmetric C-section members; in the latter case, either a back-to-back arrangement is applied or two sections are stuck in each other, forming a box-like closed section. The applied load is in each case compression with different eccentricities. Test arrangement, program, and results are presented; measured load-bearing capacities are compared to resistances calculated according to Eurocode 3, Part 1–3 where applicable, design rules for the cases not covered by the code are proposed. Trusses made of C-sections from the same product line are analyzed in the light of full-scale laboratory tests. EC3-based design formulae are derived for the failure modes obtained in the tests either by modifying existing application rules or by deriving new ones from these. Advanced numerical models of both structures are presented with focus on modeling imperfections, bolted connections, and joint rigidities.

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Sibirev, A. V., A. G. Aksenov, and A. S. Dorokhov. "RESULTS OF LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF SOIL SCREENING ABILITY OF A CHAIN DIGGER WITH ASYMMETRIC VIBRATOR ARRANGEMENT." INMATEH Agricultural Engineering 57, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35633/inmateh_57_01.

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Johnson, Kevin B. "Laboratory Settlement of the Eastern Oyster Crassostrea virginica Influenced by Substratum Concavity, Orientation, and Tertiary Arrangement." Journal of Shellfish Research 36, no. 2 (August 2017): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.036.0203.

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25

Matzdorf, R., A. Gerlach, R. Hennig, C. Lauff, and A. Goldmann. "A spectrometer arrangement for high-resolution angle-resolved UV-photoemission using linear-polarized laboratory photon sources." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 94, no. 3 (July 1998): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0368-2048(98)00188-1.

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Liu, Huai-zeng, Fei Wang, Guo-sheng Jiang, Hai-yan Guo, and Xiao-min Li. "Laboratory measurements of vortex- and wake-induced vibrations of a tandem arrangement of two flexible risers." China Ocean Engineering 30, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13344-016-0003-0.

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Emtazul Haque, MD, Musharraf Zaman, and Alan A. Soltani. "Cracking Characteristics of Model Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1629, no. 1 (January 1998): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1629-11.

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An experimental program was conducted in the laboratory to predict the behavior of model continuously reinforced concrete (CRC) slabs in tension. A tensile loading arrangement was devised using a Universal Testing Machine for this purpose. Model concrete slabs were cast for two types of reinforcement arrangements: a regular grid pattern, and an inclined grid pattern. Tests were conducted for different rebar spacings and orientations. In the numerical study, a two-dimensional model of the CRC slabs was developed using FLAC, a commercially available software package based on the finite difference method. Experimental and numerical results were compared and were found to be in close agreement. Finally, the average crack spacings for different rebar spacings and orientations from both experimental and numerical studies were compared with the results obtained from the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute design method.

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Lebedev, V. V., M. N. Kramm, and G. V. Zhikhareva. "Estimation of electrode arrangement efficiency in measurement of coordinates of dipolar myocardium sources." Biomedical Engineering 40, no. 1 (January 2006): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10527-006-0028-4.

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Coles, Simon J., and Michael B. Hursthouse. "Focusing optics for molybdenum radiation: a bright laboratory source for small-molecule crystallography." Journal of Applied Crystallography 37, no. 6 (November 11, 2004): 988–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889804025166.

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This paper reports the design, installation and testing of a set of multilayer confocal mirrors in a side-by-side arrangement, built to increase the intensity from a molybdenum rotating-anode X-ray source. Ray-tracing experiments were performed in order to evaluate the best design parameters for the system, which are shown to be a side-by-side configuration of 100 mm length. Measurements of the primary beam intensity show an increase by a factor of approximately five. Comparative data collections were performed which highlight significant enhancements in the derived crystal structure, arising from the increased intensity of the primary beam.

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Won, Moon C., and Chien N. Fu. "Evaluation of Laboratory Procedures for Aggregate Polish Test." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1547, no. 1 (January 1996): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154700104.

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Years of polish value testing at the Texas Department of Transportation have revealed that the test results are highly sensitive not only to aggregate textures, but also to other factors, resulting in large variabilities in test results. For the test results to be purely indicative of aggregate textures, other factors need to be tightly controlled. The primary objectives of the study were to address those factors and to improve the testing procedures to minimize variability. All possible factors were identified and pilot tests were conducted to eliminate factors with nonsignificant effects. Detailed tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of the remaining factors. Among the factors investigated that were found to be significant in this study were curvature of the coupons, the length of the slider contact path, slider rubber characteristics, aggregate particle arrangement, normal slider load, and aggregate selection technique. To minimize the variability, the following emphasis is recommended: (a) measure the coupon curvature before testing, (b) control the length of the slider contact path, (c) maintain the normal slider load between 2500 and 2600 g, and (d) select aggregate particles by splitting, rather than handpicking, for mineralogically heterogeneous aggregates.

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Haque, Syed Enamul, and Anwar A. Khan. "A Simple Circuit for the Quantitative Demonstration of Fourier Analysis and Synthesis." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 25, no. 3 (July 1988): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072098802500312.

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A simple teaching aid for the quantitative demonstration of Fourier analysis and synthesis is described. Any periodic waveform of the specified frequency is analysed to give its different Fourier components and these components, when added, give the synthesized waveform. The circuit arrangement is simple and inexpensive and may be assembled in any undergraduate laboratory.

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Jefferies, C., C. L. Allinson, and J. McKeown. "The performance of a novel combined sewer overflow with perforated conical screen." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0058.

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Increasing concern over the discharge of sewer solids from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) has encouraged the introduction of installations which incorporate either mesh or bar screen arrangements, or both. Gross solids create visual and aesthetic pollution if they reach watercourses. An entirely new arrangement for a CSO with a perforated screen of 6 mm diameter apertures is described in the paper. The arrangement is circular, with tangential flow across the screen to facilitate its cleaning. High velocities across the screen holes ensure that solids which have been prevented from discharging are swept clear from the screen. As a result, a sufficient screen area remains free from trapped solids to permit discharge of flow. The device has been designed to meet all anticipated performance criteria for the removal of solids, and to require a minimum of maintenance. A thorough testing programme in different conditions is described. Laboratory testing utilised a wide range of gross solids and flows to determine efficiencies of solids removal under all anticipated operating conditions. The performance of the CSO in a sewer environment was evaluated at a sewage treatment works with flows up to 1801/s using both raw and treated sewage to simulate storm sewage of different strengths. Both the device and its testing are described, together with the results of the testing programme.

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Egan, Christopher K., Simon D. M. Jacques, Matthew D. Wilson, Matthew C. Veale, Paul Seller, Philip J. Withers, and Robert J. Cernik. "Full-field energy-dispersive powder diffraction imaging using laboratory X-rays." Journal of Applied Crystallography 48, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576715000801.

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A laboratory instrument with the ability to spatially resolve energy-dispersed X-ray powder diffraction patterns taken in a single snapshot has been developed. The experimental arrangement is based on a pinhole camera coupled with a pixelated spectral X-ray detector. Collimation of the diffracted beam is defined by the area of the footprint of a detector pixel and the diameter of the pinhole aperture. Each pixel in the image, therefore, contains an energy-dispersed powder diffraction pattern. This new X-ray imaging technique enables spatial mapping of crystallinity, crystalline texture or crystalline phases from within a sample. Validation of the method has been carried out with a back-to-back comparison with crystalline texture mapping local to a friction stir weld in an aluminium alloy taken using synchrotron radiation.

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Omoto, Kunio. "Development of New Beta-Counting Programs Operating Under a Windows® NT Workstation." Radiocarbon 40, no. 1 (1997): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200017999.

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β-counting software programs were developed and installed in new PCs for operation under a Windows® NT workstation. The new software programs allow us to simultaneously control several β-counting systems, either remotely or from within the laboratory. This setup is much less expensive than our previous arrangement, which required a separate PC for each counter.

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Pinelli, Roberto, Hytham IB El-Shawaf, and Mohammad M. Al Marzouky. "Tensioactive-mediated Transepithelial Corneal Cross-linking – First Laboratory Report." European Ophthalmic Review 03, no. 02 (2009): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eor.2009.03.02.67.

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Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of delivering riboflavin into the corneal stroma for cross-linking with the aid of a tensioactive substance (benzalkonium chloride), without removing the epithelium, in order to make corneal cross-linking (CXL) a less invasive technique.Methods:Rabbit corneas were cross-linkedin vivowithout removal of the epithelium, using riboflavin solution 0.1% to which benzalkonium chloride solution was added. The corneas were then examined by light and electron microscopy for evidence of collagen cross-linking. Control non-treated eyes were compared with treated ones.Results:The treated corneas were stiff and yellow in colour, and on light microscope examination they showed straight compact collagen fibres in comparison with control corneas in approximately 50% of the corneal thickness. Electron microscopy revealed regular arrangement of fibres in the outer 200μm with reduced inter-fibre distances in the treated corneas, but with no noticeable differences between control and treated corneas in the inner 100μm.Conclusion:The addition of benzalkonium chloride to the riboflavin solution facilitated its entry to the corneal stroma through the epithelium, and CXL occurred without epithelium removal.

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Teschke, Omar, Elizabeth Fátima De Souza, Maria Estela Silva-Stenico, Marli De Fátima Fiore, and Augusto Etchegaray. "Quorum sensing detected by atomic force microscopy imaging of corrals surrounding multicellular arrangement of bacteria." Microscopy Research and Technique 71, no. 2 (February 2008): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.20530.

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Nikonenko, Alexander G. "Technique to study three-dimensional spatial arrangement of synaptic vesicles using data from single sections." Microscopy Research and Technique 62, no. 3 (September 17, 2003): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.10354.

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Guzhevskaya, A. V., L. N. Vasin, and M. G. Gruzdeva. "Arrangement for checking brightness changes of parts of the ends in fiber-optics bundles." Biomedical Engineering 19, no. 2 (1985): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00572224.

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Yoneda, En, Kazuhiro Teramura, Shingo Hiruma, Takao Satou, and Shigeo Hashimoto. "Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Showing Remarkable Whorl Formations." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 665–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-0665-mgstsr.

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Abstract A case of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is reported. Histologically, spindle cell proliferation with remarkable whorl formations was predominant in the tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for CD117 (c-Kit) and vimentin and partially positive for CD34. Ultrastructurally, the desmosome-like structures and interdigitations occurred much more frequently in the areas with whorl formations. These organelles were considered to be closely associated with the whorl formations. Various kinds of cellular arrangements are revealed in GISTs, but remarkable whorl formations, such as in our case, are a rare variant pattern. Herein, we discuss the histopathologic differences between this and other tumors showing whorl formations and describe the meaning of this unique arrangement. GISTs are thought to be immature tumors, and, therefore, variations in histopathologic findings are recognized. Finally, the ultrastructural study of GISTs is useful for understanding the mechanisms forming whorl formations and the differentiation or pathogenesis of GISTs.

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Keshavarzi, Alireza, Maryam Farzadkhoo, and Hossein Hamidifar. "Longitudinal dispersion coefficient in compound open channel with rigid vegetation on flood plain." E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 02058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184002058.

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The longitudinal dispersion is a key element in determining the distribution of pollutant in rivers and waterways with vegetation on the flood plains. The focus of this study is on the effect of rigid vegetation characteristic (arrangement patterns) and different relative flow depths on longitudinal dispersion coefficient in a rectangular laboratory flume with compound cross section. Cylindrical piles with 5 mm diameter were attached on the flood plain to model rigid vegetation. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has been used as a conservative tracer. Digital image processing technique with imaging from tracer cloud in MATLAB was used for measuring of tracer concentration in three sections downstream of the injection. The results indicated that vegetation could be highly influential on longitudinal dispersion. As the tracer cloud moves downstream, the maximum tracer concentration decreases up to 66% for a specific relative depth (Dr=0.56).The longitudinal dispersion values in tandem and patch arrangement were found to be 39.2% and 86.6% greater than those in non-vegetated tests. Also, for all vegetation conditions tested in this study, the longitudinal dispersion coefficient increases with increasing the relative depth. Moreover, for a specific relative depth the longitudinal dispersion coefficient increases in patchy arrangement when compared to tandem arrangement.

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Yue, Shu Bo, and Ming Jun Diao. "New Type of Spur Dike at the Exit of Diversion Channel: Courter-Arc Vertical Ladder Spur Dike." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1905–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1905.

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Arranging spur dike at the exit of diversion channel significantly influences the safety of the downstream cofferdam and the scour of the downstream bed by changing the water velocity and turbulence. In order to compare the advantages of different arrangement of spur dike, detailed profiles of velocity and scouring are measured in laboratory flume. And water depths, surface velocity and the condition of downstream bed scouring are investigated at the exit of diversion channel at different arrangement. A new type of spur dike is designed, which is named as courter-arc vertical ladder spur dike. Through experiments on physical model, the new type of spur dike alters the direction of the outflow, decreases water speed and reduces downstream bed scouring and ensure high slope safety.

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Habjan, Gašper, and Martin Petrun. "Impact of the Winding Arrangement on Efficiency of the Resistance Spot Welding Transformer." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 3735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193735.

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In this paper, the impact of the winding arrangement on the efficiency of the resistance spot welding (RSW) transformer is presented. First, the design and operation of the transformer inside a high power RSW system are analyzed. Based on the presented analysis, the generation of imbalanced excitation of the magnetic core is presented, which leads to unfavorable leakage magnetic fluxes inside the transformer. Such fluxes are linked to the dynamic power loss components that significantly decrease the efficiency of the transformer. Based on the presented analysis, design guidelines to reduce the unwanted leakage fluxes are pointed out. The presented theoretical analysis is confirmed by measurements using a laboratory experimental system. The presented experimental results confirm that the proposed improved winding arrangement increased the efficiency of the transformer in average for 6.27%.

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Ngo, H. H., S. Vigneswaran, and V. Jegatheesan. "Mathematical modelling of downflow floating medium filter (DFF) with in-line flocculation arrangement." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 3-4 (August 1, 1996): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0451.

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A laboratory-scale set-up consisting of rapid mixing device and floating medium filter was used to study the use of a downflow floating medium filter (DFF) with an in-line flocculation arrangement as a static flocculator and a prefilter. The semi-empirical mathematical model formulated incorporates flocculation within the filter, particle/floc attachment onto the filter and the detachment of flocs from the medium. The mathematical model for filtration takes into account the expansion of the filter bed. The removal efficiency of DFF and headloss development were successfully simulated for different conditions of filtration velocity, filter depth and influent suspended solids (SS). The values of attachment coefficient apβ and headloss coefficient β′ were found to be independent of filtration velocity, filter depth and influent SS concentration.

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Muniandy, R., A. A. Selim, S. Hassim, and H. Omar. "Laboratory Evaluation of Ground Tire Rubber in Stone Mastic Asphalt." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2004): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol1iss1pp53-58.

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Stone mastic asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded mix whereby stiffer asphalt cement is required to bind the stone matrix or arrangement of stones together. Although various asphalt additives are traditionally available, the use of rubber crumbs in SMA is still a new rresearch endeavor. Many countries around the world are facing serious problems on what to do with reject or discarded tires. In the present study, commercial truck tires, containing 70% natural rubber, were ground and pre-blended in 80-100 penetration asphalt for use in SMA mixtures. An assessment was made of the laboratory performance of rubberized SMA in terms of stability, resilent modulus, dynamic creep and tensile strength ratio. It was observed that the performance of SMA with ground tire rubber was for superior as compared to SMA mix with unmodified asphalt. Sulfur and Styrene Butadeline Rubber (SBR) were used in rubberized SMA mixes as additives to test the sensitivity of SMA mixtures. As standard practice a 0.3% newly developed cellulose oil palm fiber was used in SMA to minimize the asphalt drain-down effects.

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van Heijst, G. J. F., R. C. Kloosterziel, and C. W. M. Williams. "Laboratory experiments on the tripolar vortex in a rotating fluid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 225 (April 1991): 301–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112091002069.

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Within the framework of the study of coherent vortex structures as emerging in rotating, quasi-two-dimensional flows, the tripolar vortex is a relatively novel feature. It consists of a symmetric, linear arrangement of three patches of distributed vorticity of alternate signs, and the axis of this configuration rotates about the centre of the core vortex. This paper describes an experimental study of the formation of a tripole from an unstable axisymmetric vortex in a solidly rotating, homogeneous fluid. The flow is visualized by addition of dye, and is measured by streak photography of tracer particles. After digitization, the spatial distributions of the vorticity ω and the stream function ψ are calculated numerically, and 'scatter plots’ of ω versus ψ are presented for the various stages in the tripole formation process. Owing to viscous effects (spin-down by the bottom Ekman layer and lateral entrainment of ambient fluid) the tripole shows an exponential decay, both in its rotation speed and its internal, relative flow. The comparison of the observed flow characteristics with a simple point-vortex model shows reasonable quantitative agreement.

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Sibillano, T., L. De Caro, F. Scattarella, G. Scarcelli, D. Siliqi, D. Altamura, M. Liebi, M. Ladisa, O. Bunk, and C. Giannini. "Interfibrillar packing of bovine cornea by table-top and synchrotron scanning SAXS microscopy." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 4 (July 14, 2016): 1231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716010396.

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Bovine cornea was studied with scanning small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) microscopy, by using both synchrotron radiation and a microfocus laboratory source. A combination of statistical (adaptive binning and canonical correlation analysis) and crystallographic (pair distribution function analysis) approaches allowed inspection of the collagen lateral packing of the supramolecular structure. Results reveal (i) a decrease of the interfibrillar distance and of the shell thickness around the fibrils from the periphery to the center of the cornea, (ii) a uniform fibril diameter across the explored area, and (iii) a distorted quasi-hexagonal arrangement of the collagen fibrils. The results are in agreement with existing literature. The overlap between laboratory and synchrotron-radiation data opens new perspectives for further studies on collagen-based/engineered tissues by the SAXS microscopy technique at laboratory-scale facilities.

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Suseno, Nyoto, and Riswanto Riswanto. "Program Optimalisasi Peran Laboratorium Fisika SMA di Kota Metro, Lampung." Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (December 21, 2017): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/002.201722.28.

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THE ROLE OPTIMIZATION PROGRAM OF PHYSICAL LABORATORY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN METRO CITY, LAMPUNG. The Government Regulation (PP) of the Republic of Indonesia no. 19 of 2005 sets eight educational standards. The results survey found every high school in Metro City has been equipped with physics laboratory and has formed an organizational structure. But the physics laboratory to support the learning process, has not been done well. The purpose of this IbM (Ipteks bagi Masyarakat) Program is to apply theory and concept of Laboratory management in order to optimize the role of Physics Laboratory to supporting the learning process. The methods used are: Making of laboratory inventory website, workshop of the standard making of laboratory management, facilitation of website and arrangement of laboratory apparatus, workshop of making work program, workshop of making service, and doing simulation result of the workshop. The results obtained are: 1) Generally the condition of high school physics laboratory in Metro City has exceeded the standard up to 71,9%; 2) Aspects that do not meet government standards are no technicians and less on electric and sink socket facilities of 5,7%; 3) Utilization of high school laboratory inventory website gives a quite effective and significant impact in assisting the administration of laboratory equipment and facilitate access in tracking the existence of physics laboratory equipment and materials.

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da Silva, Raquel da Cunha Ribeiro, Carlos Salinas Sedano, Kamal A. R. Ismail, and Paúl Adrian Delgado Maldonado. "Empirical Heat Transfer Correlations during Frost Deposition on a Triangular Tube Banks Arrangement." Defect and Diffusion Forum 366 (April 2016): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.366.88.

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An experimental study was reported earlier on the development of frost formation by humid flow passing over the cylinder. In this study, dimensionless correlations used in previous experimental data, and reported empirical correlations of the Nusselt number, were used. This paper reports results of an experimental and numerical investigation where the emphasis was placed on obtaining empirical correlation for the Nusselt number. In this work some experimental results of the frost thickness around every cylinder in a triangular arrangement are presented, an estimated experimental correlation to find Nusselt number. This correlation is based on the experimental measurements in a wind tunnel situated in the Laboratory of Thermal storage and Fluids in the Mechanical Engineering Faculty at Unicamp. A numerical study is performed to study the frost formation in the cylindrical system.

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Lebedev, V. V., M. N. Kramm, G. V. Zhikhareva, G. G. Ivanov, and Yu B. Popov. "A system of electrode arrangement for measurement of coordinates of sources in the myocardium area." Biomedical Engineering 40, no. 4 (July 2006): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10527-006-0069-8.

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Shainyan, Georgy A. "Rational arrangement of direct plummets in concrete dams." Vestnik MGSU, no. 6 (June 2019): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.6.713-721.

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Introduction. The design and construction of high hydroelectric installations are closely related to in-situ observations and studies over their condition and operation, which are the most reliable and effective means of verifying the reliability of calculation methods and design solutions. According to the results of the in-situ observations and studies during the construction and operation of dams, to monitor their condition by means of measurement systems, laboratory tests and calculation methods, unified methods can be developed for equipping the installations with devices on a unified principle. Currently, there is quite a lot of experience in the development and application of methods of in-situ research. New-type devices for measuring displacements, stresses in concrete, filtration flows and piezometric levels are developed. Automated systems for monitoring the behavior of hydraulic structures during the construction, filling of the reservoir and operation are installed. Modern satellite systems GLONASS and GPS are used. Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the arch dam of Inguri HEPS by means of 2177 measuring systems, 46 of which are direct and opposite plummets. The body of the dam has three direct plummets and one in each of the rocky bank abutments. Displacements relative to the plummets were measured with an optical coordinate-measuring apparatus. Statistical analysis methods were used to process the measurement data. Results. A technique of rational direct plummet arrangement in concrete dams was fine-tuned using statistical analysis methods and Barlow-Hunter-Proshan mathematical model based on the modern experience of in-situ observations and research. The type of distribution law of dam horizontal displacements was determined by means of analyzing the histograms of the measured indicators of the static state of the installation. The required number of plummets for the key console of the Inguri arch dam was specified. This technique was used in practice for designing high concrete dams. Conclusions. Munlti-year experience in the research and operation of the Inguri HEPS arch dam allowed assessing the compliance of the mounted measuring systems with special control requirements and allocating the necessary amount of them for monitoring the strength and stability of the installation. The proposed methods of in-situ research data analysis based on the theory of probability, statistics and reliability were used in the design of the Hudoni HEPS dam.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Laboratory arrangement'

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