Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'La vie quotidienne'
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Cho, So-Hee. "Transparence de la vie quotidienne." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010531.
Full textGUYOT, DOMINIQUE. "Los huicholes : vie quotidienne et lexicologie." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070016.
Full textA dream carried me to the huichol's village of san andres cohamiata into the occidental mountain of the country of mexico. Like it was happened a transition form the invisible to the visible, what it was remaining of the dream been the name of peytl, from the visible we are attempting the access into the invisible, that is to say, that throught the 'huichol's being' we are searching to know the huichol's gods; then all naturally some matters about the reality, the stability and the reproductibility raised. Thus, this tesis introduce a methodelogical method, the ethnomethodology, which argue for a social stability established in situ, which recommend a natural language from which the mastership place the being into the world. So we enter through manners of doing and manners of telling into the huichol's everyday life where we pass ceaseless from the visible to the invisible, two inseparable aspects of all situations, where the huichols are at once mankinds and gods, as they know to say it. The world didn't reproduce itself, it was occured continually and practically, and it is this realisation what we try to reach
Martin, Nathalie. "L'astrologie dans le vie quotidienne en Thaïlande." Paris, INALCO, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INAL0025.
Full textGOARIN, PASCALE. "Vie quotidienne des personnes handicapees a domicile." Angers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ANGE1051.
Full textPène, Sophie. "La vie quotidienne des communautés artificiellesSociété de disponibilité." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132522.
Full textRésumé de la recherche
Sous la direction de Monsieur le Professeur Yves Jeanneret, Université Paris IV Sorbonne, GRIPIC, Celsa.
La vie quotidienne des communautés artificielles Société de disponibilité
1. Bilan et perspectives
Les écrits gris du travail
Mon domaine d'étude est l'anthropologie sociale des écritures contemporaines. Il concerne la description des pratiques sociales d'écriture, dans mon cas, en situation professionnelle. Je suis rattachée au réseau Langage et Travail, centre de recherche en gestion de l'Ecole Polytechnique. Dans le cadre de ma thèse puis de diverses enquêtes, j'ai participé au développement du champ de recherche sur les écrits gris du travail ordinaire (dossiers, notes, affichage) à partir desquels j'ai étudié les modes de coopération et d'organisation cognitive des individus et des équipes. Depuis 8 ans je me suis tournée vers la transposition de ces pratiques à des environnements Internet et Intranet. Mes études de terrain ont en commun de se pencher sur des modèles émergents de communication "en ligne" : nouveaux formats rédactionnels, nouveaux paradigmes de communication, incidence sur l'organisation du travail ou la représentation de la tâche.
La mise en valeur des " savoirs " des individus
Mes premières questions de recherche ont porté sur la relation entre individu et organisation. Empruntant ce paradigme traditionnel à la sociologie du travail et des organisations, les sciences de l'information et de la communication et les sciences du langage ont étudié les équilibres entre ces deux termes fort différents : comment l'individu s'insère-t-il dans l'organisation ? Comment s'en approprie-t-il les règles et les techniques ? Comment s'engage-t-il dans les épreuves de la relation à l'autre ? Depuis une quinzaine d'années l'écrit et l'écriture ont pris une part croissante dans ces agencements. Les formations discursives de la qualité, de la compétence, de la gestion des savoirs offrent un cadre à la fois contraignant et facilitant : l'expression des individus (leur analyse de leur pratique, leur évaluation du " faire " et de l' " être ") compose un métatravail redondant à l'activité productive. Une ambiance de consensus apparent a fait reculer les traditions agonistiques des relations hiérarchiques. Le discours managérial affirme désormais l'importance et la validité des paroles des salariés sur leur activité. Ces derniers sont des " capteurs de l'innovation ". Les nombreux dispositifs d'interrogation, de justification, d'évaluation développent une implication dans l'activité qui modifie le mode de présence, introduisant une forme de disponibilité à l'incertain, à l'incident, à autrui. Ces conditions sont amplifiées par le développement du travail à distance, occasionnel ou régulier, complémentaire ou essentiel.
Le silence des chercheurs
Depuis dix ans la thématique de " l'économie de la connaissance " a répandu l'idée que la vocation du travail était devenue épistémique : aucune production ne se conçoit désormais sans un appareil documentaire légitime ou improvisé. Face à l'apparition de " l'organisation apprenante ", la communauté des chercheurs s'intéressant au monde de travail a décrit ces " dispositifs de rationalisation cognitive " et en a dénoncé d'assez nombreux effets. Mais elle n'a entrepris ni la critique de ces discours, ni l'analyse des conditions concrètes de l'introduction de dispositifs de " recueil de savoirs ". A certains égards, cette invasion a immobilisé la réflexion critique : comment s'opposer à la mise en valeur des savoirs des individus, quand les chercheurs sont imprégnés de l'idée que toute écriture est à certains égards une écriture de soi ? La façon dont est connotée la notion d'individu est au cœur du problème : personne, agent, fonction, voire " individu technique ", désignant aussi bien l'être machine que l'être humain (Simondon, 1989) ? Certains courants de recherche ou de didactique ont facilité la diffusion d'une compréhension de l'écriture comme " technologie de l'esprit ", en développant les études de la stéréotypie autant que celles de l'énonciation. Mes enquêtes anciennes montrent un moment de " basculement " entre deux âges de l'écriture de travail. Les débuts d'un écrit qui vaut presque davantage par son efficacité pour l'analyse de la pratique que pour sa valeur de communication donnent lieu à des conflits d'autorité et des débats sur l'écriture de travail, ses idéaux, ses finalités, des techniques. Les écrits offrent un bain sémiotique et permettent par imprégnation l'adoption d'un capital cognitif. Cela, autant au sein des murs de l'entreprise que dans la ville ou désormais depuis la position de client.
Responsabilité scientifique et sociale des SIC
La relation entre savoir, économie et travail semble aller de soi mais elle repose sur un impensé de la technique et sur l'acceptation d'axiomes étrangers au champ des sciences de l'information et de la communication. La valeur économique de la langue n'a guère été analysée, en réalité. Or la " sémiotisation " du travail donne aux SIC une place importante : des sciences du document aux analyses de l'interaction, en passant par les analyses de discours, les questions de conception d'interface ou d'industrialisation des communications, les SIC couvrent un domaine vaste, et lient des compétences diverses et complémentaires. Cela leur fait courir certains risques, comme celui de passer d'une position critique à une position d'étayage ou d'intervention. Considérant, à la suite d'Yves Jeanneret, qu'une responsabilité scientifique et sociale accrue concerne désormais ce champ, je me suis engagée dans l'étude des " trivialités ", en m'intéressant particulièrement aux communautés de travail.
2 Recherche actuelle
Communautés artificielles
M'attachant aux communautés numériques, j'ai entrepris la description des dispositifs de mobilisation, de production et d'exploitation des énoncés. J'ai cherché quels " convertisseurs " synchronisent, rassemblent et ajustent les coopérations, en langage, de l'activité à distance. J'ai résolument évité de trier entre communautés vertueuses et communautés frelatées, communautés solidaires et communautés mercenaires. Installant la communauté comme l'unité productive exemplaire de l'économie de la connaissance, j'ai utilisé la notion de dispositif, telle que Foucault l'a proposée. J'ai ainsi cherché à montrer quels savoirs étaient mis en visibilité sur les plates-formes de travail à distance, quelles lignes de pouvoirs ces répartitions de savoirs traçaient, quelles nouvelles formes de subjectivité se dégageaient des postures ainsi requises. En analysant les dialogues écrits, j'ai pu suivre l'insertion de ces plates-formes dans des univers professionnels. Le travail en communauté pénètre des formes sociales déjà en place, des traditions, des vies d'équipe, des mémoires de luttes. Mais différentes caractéristiques le rendent absolument nouveau. C'est une image qui administre la vie des réseaux, celle de l'écran, introduisant une articulation entre le monde temporel des bureaux et le monde virtuel, habité par la phusis des réseaux humains et techniques.
Société de disponibilité
La première hypothèse est qu'une société de disponibilité s'installe sur les acquis de la société de contrôle décrite par Deleuze (1989). La disponibilité, facilitée et scénarisée par l'image de l'écran, oblige à agencer des cours d'affaires extrêmement différents les uns des autres, par de subtils emboîtement temporels qui maintiennent l'attention à autrui, quels que soient les engagements concurrents.
A la disponibilité humaine dont témoignent les protagonistes des communautés répondent l'accessibilité des informations, et leur " interopérabilité ". J'ai entrepris ensuite d'analyser le faire parler et le faire écrire informatisé et synchronisé du monde du travail comme une suite de la " troisième grammatisation " esquissée par Auroux (1996). Cette " grammatisation " des énoncés du travail stimule une conscience linguistique entraînée à la découpe, à la relecture, à la reformulation, au caviardage. Comme la conscience auditive s'est transformée avec les enregistrements permettant le retour, l'écoute attentive d'une mesure, la conscience linguistique ordinaire s'approprie des techniques du texte. Celles-ci sont amplifiées par des " prothèses " techniques (Stiegler, 2003). Le document numérique, labile, fragmenté, génère une " trivialité " (Jeanneret, 1996) fondée à la fois sur des agrégats hypertextextualisés et sur des grains, que l'on peut extraire, déplacer, recontextualiser. Ces ensembles constituent de nouveaux énonçables (Deleuze, 1986). Chaque âge trouve les moyens langagiers de nommer des " savoirs " que de nouvelles techniques ou de nouvelles préoccupations collectives mettent au premier plan. L'intelligence collective, les savoirs tacites, les liens entre ressentir et concevoir, sont l'objet de nouvelles prétentions à l'expression. La grammatisation des savoirs correspond à une industrialisation singulière, qui cherche à capter davantage l'originalité que la répétition. Différents dispositifs nous éduquent à ces verbalisations ordonnées, réveillant des techniques de soi avec des finalités bien différentes de celles que le stoïcisme, l'épicurisme ou les Pères de l'Eglise avait répandues. De la recherche de maîtrise des passions " du dedans " nous sommes passés à la maîtrise de l'incertitude (passions du dehors), par l'exposé et la concertation.
Monde du travail et gestion des mondes privés
La généralisation de ces techniques de verbalisation, soutenant la politique de " troisième " grammatisation, s'étend à la gestion des mondes privés. On constate que les plates-formes de rencontre ou les émissions de la téléréalité sont des dispositifs conjoints, qui entraînent le grand nombre à des techniques de description et de jugement, dont la matière est soumise à l'épreuve des pairs. Ces techniques correspondent à des besoins sociaux et productifs ; chacun doit être entraîné à construire en quelques minutes des principes de jugement et d'action fondés sur une " confiance " en autrui. A distance, dans une grande mobilité, le plus souvent sans voir et sans connaître, il faut juger : pourra-t-on travailler avec celui-ci ? Ses savoirs ont-il de la valeur ? Dit-il vrai ? Sera-t-il là encore dans quelques jours si nous entreprenons un projet commun ? Les plates-formes de rencontre répandent une morale et des normes de jugement, des habitudes de commentaires et d'évaluation d'autrui, corollaires des modes de travail de ce nouvel âge industriel.
L'étude rejoint ainsi le débat soutenu depuis plusieurs années sur la trivialité. Les carrefours auxquels se place Yves Jeanneret trouvent ici une texture extrêmement concrète : les plates-formes coopératives se révèlent des usines à trivialiser, au sens où elles offrent les moyens de débattre, de reformuler, de mettre en circulation des discours. Tout l'enjeu porte sur les contenus débattus, les masses de savoirs traités, les directions données à cette entreprise, les " lignes de pouvoir " que les nouvelles constructions d'autorités ou plutôt de réputations dessinent.
Sophie Bombarde
Faher, Kamal-Eddine. "Espace, culture populaire et vie quotidienne a marrakech." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070063.
Full textIn order to analyse the prolematical interrelation between popular culture and everyday life, first it was necessary to define the general conditions of life throughout the different contexts : historical, geographical, economic, spatial, social and human. (chap. I) it is difficult to dissociate popular culture from social reality, the former being influenced by the latter, and vice versa. That brings us to study space, town planning and some aspects of everyday life after having set up two main problems ; the national identity and the impact of colonialism. (chap. Ii) the ambition of the study is to give clear indication of the economic, social and spatial importance of the djamaa el fna's place and its influence on preserving the oral tradition. (chap. Iii) from the question :" how important is the tradition in the marrakshis'everyday life?", four aspects of the folklore have been analysed: public bars, festive occasions, music and television, in order to give an idea of the way culture is apprehended and lived up to, day after day, by the lower classes in marrakesh. (chap. Iv)
Salamon, Reda. "La vie quotidienne des enfants en difficulté scolaire." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21530.
Full textThe acquisition of knowledge is the major goal of our education system. Investigations that have studied academic difficulty have generally been conducted at school and have targeted educative and institutional factors. The principal objective of this investigation is to understand the potential association of the daily lives of children outside of school and their academic performance. We have selected 131 children in junior high school from regular or "education priority" zones, and within each zone students were selected who experienced either academic difficulty or success. Using a microcomputer for a one-week period, the children recorded in real time their different activities, physical or social environments, and psychological experiences. The analyses demonstrate that children with academic difficulty experienced greater feelings of sadness and more negative daily events. Several activities, environments and daily life routines were also different in the group experiencing academic difficulty compared to those experiencing academic success. However, multi-level analyses demonstrated that these effects were attributable more directly to psychological and sociodemographic factors that were highly concentrated in the group with academic difficulty. The results are discussed relative to the identification and comprehension of factors associated with school performance in order to propose more efficacious interventions
Cherbé, Patrick. "La Presse soviétique, reflet de la vie quotidienne ?" Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375946340.
Full textFaher, Kamal-Eddine. "Espace, culture populaire et vie quotidienne à Marrakech." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604899f.
Full textCherbé, Patrick. "La Presse soviétique, reflet de la vie quotidienne ?" Toulouse 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOU21006.
Full textAïssaoui, Dalila. "Processus de ségrégation socio-spatiale et vie quotidienne." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100072.
Full textBlanchy, Sophie. "La vie quotidienne à Mayotte (Comores) : essai d'anthropologie compréhensive." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00490214.
Full textSampieri, France. "La vie quotidienne à Ajaccio de 1870 à 1914." Corte, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CORT0010.
Full textThrough the study of what the city of ajaccio was in the course of nearly 50 years (from 1870 to 1914), one is able to discover a period in its history, literature and evolution, of which little is known. Demography is then on the growth, in spite of the high death-rate. Society and manners are changing. The urban landscape is transformed. The town gets aware that it has a vocation for tourism. It opens to progress and education being strougly politicized, it knows of harsh confrontations between two fiercely opposed clans, whose strifes find an echo in literature and journalism. Ajaccio, last bonapartist bastion, is at last integrated into the republic, but the firtst world was will leave it totally exhausted
Mercky, Véronique. "L'evolution, depuis 1945, de la vie quotidienne du malade hospitalise." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR1M223.
Full textBusnel, Pierre. "Simulateur d'activités de la vie quotidienne et validation de scénario." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4771.
Full textNguyen, Laurent. "Influence du tabagisme sur la vie quotidienne des adolescents asthmatiques." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23077.
Full textPilon, Annie. "Vie quotidienne et imaginaire social du jardin public à Grenoble." Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE29040.
Full textThe stiring pecularity of the public garden makes it being a rare and vulnerable area in which not any turbulence or conflit are excluded. The garden is between heedlessness and intimism and looks like a source of inspiration for the city. The fascination comes from a number of small rules, itineraires, approaches, familiarities as well as free and light pleasures. Nature humbly completes this fascination that anyone can appreciate. Garden is both improvisation and break as well as natural and human environnement, factual territory and place for creation. It is heterogeneous and partitioned, and remains a green archipelago between daily life, fest and game. Before being trip and mediation, the garden is entertainment where society stages himself, a theatre where public and actors merge. It is invented and produced by urban society as entertainment area and aesthetic preservation. It is at the junction between nature and culture and cannot escape from the city nor ignore its presence. It may come from an urgent relation ship between man and city. It is issued from deep and nostalgic feelings with respect to giving up in from of nature. It reduces distance between urban being and nature. Identifying images that anyone spontaneously get about public garden, as well as both updating representations systems which governs and determines behaviors and daily pratices, and studying meaning structures which decides pratices, show that social imaginary marks and justifies people's attitudes and practices with respect to public garden. Public garden is an alive monument, issued from urbanity and artifice. It is not an outgrowth of the city. It is situated between thought and sensibleness and leads the visitor almost to an imaginary world. It is here for whom knows seing and appreciate it
Cosquer, Alix. "L'attention à la biodiversité dans la vie quotidienne des individus." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0008.
Full textOrdinary areas are a home to biodiversity and provide ecosystem services. Moreover, they are an important part of the experience on which individuals anchor their appreciation and being in the world. Urbanization deeply modifies individuals’ everyday relations with their environment. The relationship to these human-shaped areas leads to suggest the hypothesis of a growing disconnect between people and nature. This thesis studies the attention to biodiversity in the daily lives of individuals. Attention is structured around cognitive, emotional and behavioral elements. How the experience of biodiversity in an everyday-life context influences individuals’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards biodiversity and conservation. A first quantitative work revealed a link between individuals' knowledge on biodiversity and the implementation of practices favorable to biodiversity. We have shown the importance of embodied knowledge in daily reality. We have shown that contact with nature on a daily basis can encourage both knowledge and practices to biodiversity. The study of the impact - both in the short and medium term – of a single individual experience (days of events in public parks in Paris) revealed a gap between the increased interest in biodiversity and its inclusion in future individual practices. The study of the consequences – in the medium and long term – of a repeated individual experience to biodiversity (participation in a citizen science program) showed an evolution of knowledge and practices favorable to biodiversity. Our results show that individuals’ attention to biodiversity is encouraged under three conditions: implementation/participation in a local context, direct interaction and knowledge transfer. The context of everyday life appears as an interesting framework since it enables the integration of the observation experience in the complexity of individual approaches (cognitive, affective) and the introduction of biodiversity as an element of ordinary lives of individuals
SCMWACH, VICTOR. "Micro-psychologie des rapports homme-machine dans la vie quotidienne." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR20019.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to define from a phenomenological analysis how people of the technical civilisation perceive, use and think the technical objects of their daily environment. The objective is to lay the foundations of the psychosociology of the user starting from the hypothesis that he develops a mentality which is fundamentally different from that of the engineer. These developments theorize about researches in the real world according to four main lines : the appropriation of the new object, the conditions of the satisfactory use, the management of the complexity of the sophisticated techniques and the limits of the skill revealed by the dysfunction. Are studied the implications in marketing and design
Mirhosseininiri, Mahsadat. "Esthétique de la vie quotidienne dans la peinture contemporaine d'Iran." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030021.
Full textIt is in the Qajar period and through artists like Reza Abbasi, Behzâd and Kamal ol molk that we can see the representation of the life of ordinary people in Iranian paintings. Kamal ol molk, by imitating the European realist movement began to represent the life of people in Iran. Some artists were concerned with representing their lived experiences of everyday life through a realism that was not considered avant-garde enough. We can rather see this tendency of the representation of the daily life of ordinary people in certain works of Iranian artists following the Islamic Revolution of 1979, and immediately after the Iran-Iraq war. Indeed, they represent the reality of contemporary Iran through the prism of details of everyday life and not through major events such as great stories of demonstrations or revolutions. Far from the impacts of the fashionable artistic movements in Iran, they simply tried to represent things as they were. Everyday objects, everyday places, personal stories and memories are among some of the concerns of these artists – whose works can be seen in this thesis. What is most important in these works are their subjects. Indeed, it is them and their daily life that is represented in these works. They represent themselves as an individual living in Iran. So they show us the lower layers of contemporary Iranian society which is still hidden in the Iranian and international government media
Dubos, Françoise. "La vie quotidienne à l'Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Jacques sous la révolution." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31015.
Full textMabrouk, Mostafa. "Socialité féminine dans la vie quotidienne de Ben M'Sik, Casablanca - Maroc." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H045.
Full textThe study of the daily life of the women in Ben M'Sik aimed at emphsizing the social dynamics and the regulation mechanisms which underlay it - by an immersion into the surrounding "socialite" which innervated the whole neighborhood through numerous networks - in or order to account for this situation. This relational entanglement reveals a whole body of issues at stake among which the most important can be reduced to two issues : conflicts and solidarity. The duplicity underlined throughout the thesis which innervates the doing and the saying of the social actors in ben m'sik is revealed by a tensional ambivalence between two systems of values. Tradition remains the matrix cement pn which the main parts of the social relationship are built. If this tradition stays relatively intact it is because solidarity and "socialite", the networks and the density of relationship, the "hauts-lieux" and the imperious urge for exchange ceaselesily take turns to face up to the existential anguish and let the social actor fit in the social fabric as a dynamic element of the "being-together" from which he draws the awareness to shars a community of fate
Morissonneau, Christian. "Le pays mobile : front pionnier et vie quotidienne en Matawinie (Québec)." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040311.
Full textHusky, Mathilde. "Modèles cognitifs de la dépression : une étude comparative en vie quotidienne." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21101.
Full textThis controlled, prospective investigation examined two cognitive models of depression : Abramson's et al. (1989) hopelessness theory, and Beck's (1983) sociotropy and autonomy perspective. These theories were compared for their capacity to explain momentary fluctations in depressed mood assessed by ambulatory monitoring techniques. The final sample was comprised of 179 participants who were signaled 5 times per day over a 1-week period. A total of 5575 naturalistic observations were obtained concerning depressed mood, type of events, negative impact of events, and specific attributions. The results provided support for the basic tenets of the hopelessness theory: 1. Attributional style predicted the severity of specific attributions in daily life ; 2. Specific negative attributions made after the occurence of negative events predicted subsequent increases in depressed mood ; and 3. Attributional style predicted increases in depressed mood, indicating a partial mediation effect. The results also provided partial support for Beck's specific vulnerability hypothesis : 1. Sociotropy predicted increases in depressed mood after the occurrence of a negative interpersonal event ; 2. Autonomy did not interact with achievement-related events to predict depression. As compared to attributional style, sociotropy explained a higher percentage of variance in depressed mood. The overall comparison of these models indicated that they are independent pathways to certain forms of depression, and should be considered separately
Dall'Ara, Alessandra. "Henri Lefebvre : la vie quotidienne, "mère-terre" de la société moderne." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT5009.
Full textARTH, ANDREE-FRANC. "Analyse systemique d'une microsituation de la vie quotidienne : boire un verre." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR10005.
Full textResearch into "normal drinking" as a daily act contributes to understanding the transition from us to abuse of alcoholic drinks and the relationship between use, abuse and or addiction. To analyze this behavior, the method of systemic model s was used, which enables the factors involved to be conceptualized and combined with micropsychological analysis leadin g "microscenarios" allowing for and "revealing" the cognitive elements. Micropsychology follows a number of rules which enable the different behavioral aspects to be defined distinctly without arbitrarily neglicting any of them. The data resulting from the microscenarios are translated into "black boxes" constructed according to well-knowned logical rules in ordre to arrive at a qualitative model. The later shows the major parameters as well as differents types of feedback (psychotropic effects, spontaneous control, security reaction, habituation, mental image of the short and long term damage). A more detailled study of the intensity and form of reaction of the individual to these feedbacks shows that th ey can vary independently of each other, which can be the cause of "ruptures" or non linear and "non reversible" behavio r (catastrophy as defined by r. Thom). In order to define accurately the interaction between the differents factors reve aled, a corresponding logico-mathematical description was applied. This quantified model, tested by computer, defining a functional relationship between blood alcohol concentration and the effects, as well as a method of estimating these effects, clearly describes the processus of decision of the individual. This research proposes a careful and detailled u nderstanding of the elements involved in the alcohol consumption behavior as a psychotropic substance. It demonstrates that it is impossible to understand behavior in all its details without considering the positive effets of alcohol
Turcin, Karine. "Temps médiatiques et vie quotidienne : les usages féminins des médias audiovisuels." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2011BOR30024.
Full textThe development of television and radio on demand addresses the issue of the sustainable use of programs offered in linear mode. Those classic programs can be regarded as restricting in a time marked by the massive individualization of the way of experiencing daily time and space. Yet, people use more and more those classic media. Time for television or radio is constantly increasing. The case of working mothers seems to be an apparent paradox: they can dedicate a growing part of their daily time to the medias, while it’s more and more difficult for them to succeed in daily organization. They already must manage multiple times: working, family, social time. . . Then, the question is: when, how and why do they include media time in this full schedule? Is the schedule of traditional linear media in line with their way of life? The assumption is that they use media, among other reasons, to maintain a form of time stability in everyday life. To validate this hypothesis, the connections between the different times of daily life must be defined, focusing on media time. We chose to organize the investigation in two ways. Fisrt, we analyzed the offer of television and radio (technology developments and evolution of schedules) in order to understand the temporality created by media themselves. Then, we looked into the reasons why working women use media. First of all, it seems that media time is a copy of social time: the schedules have been created in order to be in adequacy with public time. But, retrospectively, the users, and mainly women, use them to maintain the stability of their time, in a context marked by intense time changes
Malenfant, Émilie. "Vieillesse sous l’Allemagne nazie (1933-1945) : représentations, assistance et vie quotidienne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUL099.pdf.
Full textThis thesis contributes to two historiographies, that of the Third Reich and that of old age, which have been treated separately so far. With respect to this unexplored connection, this thesis explores three dimensions: representations, discourse and experience. The goal is to insist on old age as a factor of differentiation of experiences and realities in Germany in the 1930s and 1940s, to observe the status of old age and its representations within a society “of the youth” marked by demographic aging, but also to integrate old age into reflections on the nature of the Nazi Volksgemeinschaft. To do so, this study reveals the coexistence of diverse discourses on old age, questions the reasons behind the stigmatization of old age, and then analyzes housing options for the elderly, more specifically old age homes. This thesis shows, first, the contrast between, on the one hand, the great contemporaneity of the old age theme stimulated by demographic aging and the development of geriatrics, and, on the other hand, the disinterest of the Nazi State in this regard. It also puts into perspective the significance of age in the face of the Nazi standard of performance, their true measure of an individual’s worth. Finally, the thesis looks at old age care mechanisms and institutionalised living environments, both to reveal daily and administrative realities and to highlight the agency of older people and family solidarity
Baron, Annie. ""Pour perpétuer le souvenir de la chose" : installation de mises en scène de la vie quotidienne /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textBeaudoin, Charlotte. "Le phénomène d'intégration des apprentissages somatiques dans la vie quotidienne de l'apprenant." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25218.pdf.
Full textDanet, Marie. "Sphères d'influence des schémas d'attachement sur Internet et dans la vie quotidienne." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080028/document.
Full textResearch suggests that attachment models influence friendships, romantic relationships and other relationships. The question remains as to the extent of their influence. Concordance between attachment representations of different relationships suggest a generalization of attachment patterns. In Study 1, we examine the possible influence of attachment representations on relationships established on the Internet. Study 2 explores generalization of attachment patterns in situations of everyday life, and the role of insecurity in excessive generalization and pervasiveness of attachment schemas. In study 1, 256 adults completed self-reports on line on attachment, the use of the Internet, and self-disclosure. An attachment interview was also administered to a subsample of 56 participants. The same interview was used in study 2, along with an interview on everyday behavior (N=89). Results show 1) associations between attachment and the social use of the Internet, 2) partial generalization of attachment to father and everyday behavior, and 3) a link between attachment to mother and flexibility in everyday behavior. Whereas implicit representations of attachment are associated with everyday behavior, explicit declarative attachment style is linked to reported behavior on the Internet. The limits, future perspectives, and clinical implications are discussed
Giampaoli, Michelangelo. "Dépasser les limites : vie et transgression quotidienne au Père-Lachaise à Paris." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100056.
Full textSituated in the heart of Paris, Père-Lachaise is a magnificent monumental cimetery with more than two centuries of history. Every year two millions people visit Père-Lachaise as if it were a big open air museum; every day for hundreds of Parisians it represents a privileged place to walk, meet people and do open air activities. For many peolpe who live in the same neighbourhood as the cemetery it is a precious source of income.Besides its principal function as a necropolis, the cemetery has become a unique and extremely complex place: a space where the collective memory is connected often to particular ideologies of resistance and change, a space where the overlap of different natures allows bahviours which are unthinkable eslewhere.For example the cemetery is one of the favourite places if eroticism in Paris. Transgression marks, in a deep way, the life and the perception of the cemetery, in différent forms in the 44 hectares of the Père-Lachaise
KALFF, DE BODY HILDA E. "L'hygienisation de la vie quotidienne. Le logement insalubre a paris (1830-1990)." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070063.
Full textThe long term process of the hygienization of daily urban life -characterized by the concurrent developments of a strong lygienist movement, of the adoption of the hygienist precepts by the society of lay-men, and of material progress-, is examined in two ways : firstly, by way of an historical study (1839-1920) taking into account the campaigns against cholera and tuberculoses, as well as the initiatives taken on stateand local level. And secondly, by way of a data-base consisting of two kinds of archival sources : complaints about insalubrious dwellings, and answers given by the paris hygiene department (1850-1990). The adoption by lay-men professional precepts and their application to daily life-process coined "protoprofessionalization" by abram de swaanhas reveiled-for the profession of hygiene-a circular movement attaining at first the circles closest to the professionals, and subsequently the more peripheral circles of lay-men ; amongst them, nowadays, great numbers of african immigrants. The persitence of the environmental perspective in france, consolidating the close connection between health and salubrious lodgings-connction obsolete in other european countries-has been examined and explained. Finally, the overflowing of the notin of "hygiene" into daily life, and its function as a watchword which simultaneously permits the taking into account of social and or urban problems, appears to have persisted until just after world war ii, period in which the importance of the "urban" comes to the fore
Laurent, Nicole. "La vie quotidienne des marocains de Sète : Immigration, concentration communautaire et acculturation." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10063.
Full textKaraban, Juliette. "La vie quotidienne des femmes camerounaises séropositives à Paris et à Yaoundé." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA084020.
Full textOur study relates to the everyday life of the HIV positive cameroonian women in Paris and Yaounde. We wanted to notice if for these women it exists an acculturation and if cultural identities arose in various fields. The aim is a better support of these women. The studied fields are the following: social, family, communal, health, religious. We carried out a field in France at the Lariboisière hospital (Paris), and in Cameroon. Our sample in France consists of 40 HIV positive cameroonian women. An interview was carried out, based on a questionnaire approaching the enumerated fields. A field of observation was carried out in Yaounde in various places which support HIV positive people. These data could be compared with those obtained in France. Each speaker is sole, so it's difficult to generalize. Nevertheless, let us notice the importance of the religion to the everyday life, and the existence of an intrication between the traditional religion and the revealed religions. In the same way, the tradition through medicine and of wichcraft persist. Three mode of interpretation of the disease seem to coexist, each person interviewed is privileging one: medical, religious, witchcraft. The concepts of sin and transgression of interdict seem very present. The rumor and the rejection of the African community are feared. There are a financial link with the family in the country, and for many an emotional one because of children's presence. We propose in a future research to look further into thanks to accounts of life the religious field by developing the image of God
Blanchy, Sophie. "Les Cadres de la vie quotidienne à Mayotte (Comores) essai d'anthropologie compréhensive /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611971t.
Full textKalff, Elsbeth Lemaître Lucie. "Le logement insalubre et l'hygiénisation de la vie quotidienne : Paris, 1830-1990 /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41340625z.
Full textEn appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 275-292.
Faye, Cheikh Faty. "La vie quotidienne a dakar de 1945 a 1960, approche d'une opinion publique." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070001.
Full textDakar, small village founded by the lebou at the 18 th cantury is occupied since 1857 by the french. Its sedden rapid developpment in the military, demographic, economical plans etc. . . Shows that this town had beneficied earlyn because of common status of plein exercise since 1857 and created the kapital of colonial group of a. O. F. (western french africa) installed in the 20 th century. In the period bethween 1945-1960, europians like africans gave instituted in groups of stress more or less structured, on often racialist criteria ones and others utilizing, different levers, trying aither preserving or critisizing the system of domination. The daily life is essentially characterized by difficulties which appear in the housing, food, the healthy, the school, transporting the equity, the taxation etc. . . And which largely clarify the marginalization of autochtons. The political reforms started since 1956 validate a colonial continuity furm, in this context of balkanization
CHEVANCE, ANDRE. "Psychopathologie de la vie quotidienne du sujet age. Alzheimer le mal de lethe." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070047.
Full textNédélec, Françoise. "Sida et vie quotidienne : approche anthropologique et sociologique des aspects relationnels et affectifs." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H082.
Full textThis study, adopting a close approach through the individual life-stories of people directly affected by the HIV virus, is an attempt to understand now only react and cope with this situation in their everyday lives. To what extent does one announcement of a threat modify their everyday lives? What sort of problems arise? What changes are gradually taking place as the disease develops. The first part describes a few major typologies on which our work is based; the second is made up of three chapters: the announcement of a seropositive diagnosis, a silent evolution, and the passage to full blown AIDS. Our purpose has been to differentiate the diverse aspects of experience and to find out how social interactions influence emotional and interpersonal life. The third part we have tried to bring out the anthropological forms that are predominant and the ones that are built up to face this ordeal. This reality characterized by a high dependence on the surrounding word, is made up of social exclusion and community links in which a certain view of life is rooted
Daoudi, Fatiha. "Analyse de situation aux frontières terrestres algéro marocaines : vie quotidienne d’une population partagée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH038/document.
Full textThe land borders between Morocco and Algeria, long of about 1600 km, have been closed since 1994.This closure forced the population living on both sides to respect the border as a limit and a symbol of state sovereignty, as well as the rest of the population in the two countries. However, a participatory observation of the region allows noting a particular kind of life. Indeed, the border population has almost always maintained sustained family and business relationship, because of his way’s life, based on a strong proximity to both sides of the border.So, daily, the border closure is not respected by this population. Its unique result is the appearance and the installation of a sort of "routinely deviance" in the form of traffic of goods and people, and accepted by the various stakeholders (smugglers, population and border controllers). Only civil society calls for a return to normality.It appears from the analysis of the border live as "deviance" is a way to preserve and meet the specific needs of the population. In other words, commercial and family relationships that were practiced legally, before the closure of borders, have become "deviant" actions. The "deviance" is therefore a response to the inadequacy of the decision to close the border to the kind of frontier life
Kokkini, Fotini. "La représentation de la vie quotidienne sur les mosaïques grecques de l'époque impériale." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100047/document.
Full textThe present study intends to collect and examine the representations of everyday life on the Greek mosaics of the imperial period. Thus, it focuses on scenes of human activities, rural labors, hunting, fishing, spectacles, religious rites, the portraits of historical personalities, objects of the everyday life of Pygmies and landscapes of the Nile. The scenes originate from modern Greece which during the imperial times was divided in six provinces. The chronological limits are set from the 1st c. A.D. and the end of the 3rd – beginnings of the 4th c. A.D. The study is comprised of tree parts. The first part is dedicated to the iconography. The 130 scenes are classified according to their subject and are interpreted and analyzed in accordance with their relation to reality, their position on the pavement and in the building, their function and the reasons for being chosen. Additionally, their Greek and Roman iconographical models as well as the regional influences are identified. The second part examines the architectural context of the scenes, the relation between the scenes and the buildings and the association of different subjects on the same pavement. The third part focuses on how the society’s image is represented in everyday life scenes. So we examine the chronological and geographical distribution of the scenes and what the regional preferences reveal for the society and the economy of every town. Finally, we study the social status of the patrons, their role in choosing the subjects and the messages implied by these images and their accompanying inscriptions
Petit, Sylvie. "Impact du cancer de la prostate sur la vie quotidienne du couple âgé." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21661/document.
Full textRecent research consistently indicates that age is a major risk factor for cancer (Tubiana, 2002). Such is the case of prostate cancer, which is typically detected between the ages of 60 and 90 (average age of detection: 73 years). Coping with the physical effects of cancer is not the only challenge for elderly patients; cancer may also affect patient’s emotional and social lives as well. The current study presents results of an experience sampling study on the psychological impact of prostate cancer on the daily lives of elderly patients and their wives. We present data on 96 patients with prostate cancer and their spouse who were recruited from two Regional Center for the Fight Against Cancer in Bordeaux, France. Participants completed 3 daily assessments for 4 days (at the beginning of treatment, in the middle of treatment and at the end of treatment). The methodology has a number of advantages, including that it allows us to establish the relationship between variables (coping, quality of life, anxiety and depression), between subjects, and within the couple. The methodology also allows us to observe and compare the adjustment of patients and their partner following different ages (Swendsen, 1997, Czikszentmihalyi, 1984). Our results schowing three key points: First, we distinguiging the differences of feeling and coping strategies by spouses’age. The second point concern the concept of interindividual. This study discriminate behavior and emotions in everyday life of couples. The third important point concerns time management. There is an increased in feeling and psychosocial adjustement on the treatment. This study will help us to refine our knowledge and understanding of emotional adjustment and quality of life of patients with prostate cancer and their spouses. We will thus be able to realize the importance of taking into account the couple and not just patients in psychological interventions. This research is being funded by the National League for the Fight against Cancer, France
Cartier-Chatron, Ingrid. "Vie quotidienne des enfants atteints de TDA/H : l'impact des pertubations cognitives et comportementales." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21246.
Full textAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well known for its cognitive and behavioural heterogeneity. Previous investigations have most often attempted to better understand the different clinical manifestations present in these patients as well as their global functioning in diverse domains, but few researchers have examined the expression of this syndrome in daily life. Using clinical assessments, cognitive tests and ambulatory data collection, 40 children with ADHD were compared with 40 normal controls. The results demonstrate differences in executive functioning between clinical and control groups, but not between the two different subtypes of ADHD. Concerning daily life variables, emotional experience appeared to differ by contexts and by cognitive or clinical symptoms, however these differences were not consistent with a more general problem in emotional reactivity. In this way, therapeutic interventions should address executive deficits and behavioral symptoms and do not appear to require a particular focus on emotional regulation
Njoh, Elombo. "Ethno-sociologie de la vie quotidienne chez les Bakaka (sous-groupe bantu d'Afrique centrale)." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070134.
Full textLet us throw off the acculturation way, which loses black continent (afrika) daily ; in view to suggest in cameroon, bakaka's comparative daily life study. This will be done towards what anthropology like science uses properly when expressing its arguments : economy and politic, sociology and metaphysic, but also mysticism (hudge). .
Chung, Lak-kil. "La force poétique à travers la vie quotidienne dans les films de John Cassavetes." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010614.
Full textFernandez, Guillaume. "Famille et santé : analyse de l'activité de santé dans la vie quotidienne des femmes." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20060.
Full textAbstract. The sociological study of the activity of health of the women in the family makes necessary to emancipate from finalist presupposition often introduced to characterize these practices. The hypothesis of this research is as follow : the women produce a specific form of activity of health integrated in logics of everyday life which, without being finalized a priori for health, direct and control the dynamic of life of family. First statistical data (N = 195) shows three groups of women ; each one of them has a specific way of control of their family life and health. A first group, of lower-class women, is more often in situation where the familial incorporated pattern does not constitute an operational model regarding the situation experienced. A second group of women belonging to the rich class, acts in situations where the group's dynamic of life is formulated in a more consensual way, within an internal or external frame concerning the family. Finally, a third group characterized of diversified social profiles is engaged in a familial relational process by which the women reformulate in a recurring way, a dynamic of life less standardized and less integrated. Subsequently, a corpus of interviews (N = 41) makes it possible to locate these types of activities in biographical courses and to understand the relationship which these people builds between the activities of the everyday life and health. This reveals that the integration of family's way of life in a social frame, which provides norms and rules valid of life, and the insertion of women in a social role conformed to this frame, are the two dimensions, by which a control of group's dynamics of life and health is formulated
Bouquet-Boyer, Marie-Thérèse. "Turin et les musiciens de la cour, 1619-1775. Vie quotidienne et production artistique." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040230.
Full textThis thesis has as its goal the study of the positions held by the agregate of musicians in turin between 1619, the date of the marriage between christine of france and victor amadeus i, and 1775, the year in which clothilde of france married charles emmanuel iv. Its three volumes are devoted, respectively, to the profession and the works, to the daily life and to the archival documentation. An overview of life in turin and of the musical institutions housed at the court is followed by a study of the structure of the profession, presenting, in the form of chronologically-organised entries (in the first two volumes), those aspects, known today, of the careers of the musicians. This information is arranged in the following categories: the great clans of dynasties of musicians; the "maitres de chapelle"; the organist; the singers; the "cabinet francais" of christine of france; french instrumentalists of the 17th century; their italian counterparts in the 18th century; and the dancing masters. A selection of five works, transcribed and realised in modern scores, has been made in order to illustrate turin's role in the development of the motet-cantata (montalto), the cantata (g. -a. Giay), the symphony (g. -a. Giay), the concerto (f. -s. Giay) and the grand motet (a. -s. Fiore). The second volume is dedicated exclusively to an analysis of the social position of the musicians, to their economic situation and to their religious orientations and practices. The thesis is completed by a sequence of documentary sources, drawn particularly from the archivio di stato of turin (accounts and notarial records) and the parish registers of the principal churches of the city
Alvarez, Fernandez Victor. "Réactivité émotionnelle en vie quotidienne chez des adultes exposés à des événements potentiellement traumatiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0252.
Full textExposure to a potentially traumatic event (PTE), especially when involving interpersonal violence, can generate severe long-term psychological consequences such as disturbances in emotional regulation. Several studies suggest that the presence of alterations in emotional reactivity is an important vulnerability factor for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, very few have addressed the subject through ecological protocols, that is, by observing emotional reactivity in response to real daily events.The objective of the present work is to examine alterations in emotional reactivity to daily events and how these alterations associate to PTSD, as well as exposure to PTE.To do so, this study uses an ecological momentary assessment protocol. The study is ancillary to the World Mental Health- International College Survey, an international initiative of the World Health Organization to assess the risk and protective factors involved in the occurrence of mental health problems in young adults.The overall results reveal an association between the development of PTSD and the exposure to interpersonal violence with alterations in emotional reactivity to daily events.These results suggest that emotional dysregulation is a central feature of PTSD, and that the exposure to interpersonal violence can have long-term emotional consequences that are independent of the emergence of a mental disorder, thus providing new perspectives for further research on the emotional alterations resulting from exposure to a traumatic event
Lefeuvre, Gilbert. "Les instruments de musique dans la vie quotidienne de la picardie au xvieme siecle." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040268.
Full textThe first part of this musical instruments in picardie daily life during the xvi c. Study presents the organisation shart in the theoratical works of xvi c. And begining of xvii c. Compares these whole elements to the instrumental patrimony shown in paris an brussels instrumental art galleries public collections. The second part, 9 chapters made up, describes the picardie instrumental practising during this period according to its society part or exactly studies the place that returus to the musical instruments in human activity different sides : instruments linked to public function, the brotherhood used instruments founded in the royal halls entrances, the army music and hunting sound instruments, the church music musical instruments, the popular music instruments, the middle class interior instruments, the repertoire reconstitution. In the 3d part, 2 chapters made up : "from the organisation chart to the instrumental making", we did think it essential to change four analysis to a suitable resouding reality for this study. The 2 instruments achievement, one 4 chorus renaissance guitar and one henry the 2nd, kinf of france, hurdy gurdy has been possible from originals kept in art galleries. The coherence between the work research an the making can be the promising hope for many old music ensembles an allows their musicians to play on faithfully reproduced copy instruments