Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'La vallée du M’Goun'
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Lhachmi, Rachid. "Enseignement de la langue et de la culture berbères aux écoles nomades dans la vallée du M’Goun, dans le Haut Atlas marocain : une étude de cas en didactique des langues-cultures. Tensions, réalités et aménagement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0455.
The Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights asserts imperatively that education must be an essential vehicle for the preservation and flourishing of the language spoken by the linguistic community of the territory in which it is imparted. It postulates, unequivocally, that education must always serve linguistic and cultural diversity, thereby contributing to the establishment of harmonious interactions among different linguistic communities. In Morocco, a linguistic framework is marked by a hierarchical and cultural structure, where the “high official, institutional/constitutional culture,” embodied by an “Arab-Muslim identity” and predominant “linguistic authority regimes,” imperiously impose themselves on a “vernacular language” and a subordinate culture, marked by periods of colonization and Islamization. The unanimous observation among researchers is that Amazigh culture has been systematically marginalized throughout history. This consensus is based on the perception that Amazigh heritage, identity, knowledge, and memory are currently in serious jeopardy. Thus, the primary objective is to preserve this cultural heritage. This preservation involves a reform of Amazigh language education, both on a general scale and specifically in the M'Goun Valley, located in the Moroccan High Atlas. To achieve this goal, it is essential to establish new standardization, normalization, and adaptation mechanisms for non-standardized languages, as well as mechanisms to transfer new theories in education and linguistics to Amazigh. This includes introducing heritage education, integrating sustainable development education and territory education in the programs. These innovative approaches strengthen the preservation of Amazigh culture by firmly anchoring it in contemporary educational practices. A crucial step in this process is the didacticization of traditional and local knowledge. This approach creates an essential link between the Amazigh language, culture, and environment, ensuring that future generations understand the importance of this heritage and develop a sense of belonging to their culture. The current context proves particularly conducive to the implementation of these initiatives. Nomadic and semi-nomadic schools emerge as an ideal pedagogical vector for this project. Their flexibility and adaptation to the challenges of education and sustainable development make them particularly suitable for preserving Amazigh culture while contributing to a sustainable and inclusive educational model. In summary, the preservation of Amazigh culture, through the revitalization of the language, the transmission of heritage, and the valorization of cultural identity, becomes an essential component of contemporary educational and environmental challenges. This is achieved by adopting a modern didactic methodology based on an action and project-oriented approach. Our undertaken study is characterized by an exploratory dimension of the linguistic ecology of the Berber language. This thesis can be succinctly summarized as an endeavor aiming to “heal the school through a return to the land” (Roué, 2006), a quest for a return to identity, tradition, and indigeneity through education. In this perspective, our work is anchored in an ethnolinguistic and sociolinguistic framework and relies on interdisciplinary investigations that involve participant observation, questionnaires addressed to education supervisors in the valley, and interviews with practitioners and members of the targeted population (…)
El, Farj Housna. "Les mutations socio-spatiales dans une vallée présaharienne du sud marocain : La vallée de Ghéris." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL246.
In Southern Morocco, in a presaharan region, Gheris valley is located between two contrasted spaces, the South slope of oriental High Atlas and the borders of Sahara. This place has been during centuries a country shared between nomadism and sedentary way of life. New conditions appeared a few decades ago; traditional bases of Gherisan society are affected by social, spatial and economic changes. This recent evolution has brought few consequences: interventionism of state, opening of the region (exchanges, scolarity, economy. . . ), emigration, important demographic expansion, desertification, dryness. . . Changes of traditional housing, "the ksar", are reflected the most important social and spatial transformation. This valley shows the complexity of a contrasted situation between ancient and new social and economic uses of space
Chable, Éric. "Les mutations d'une ancienne vallée industrielle : la vallée de la Seine de Paris à Rouen." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040114.
The Seine's valley is French example of transformation of an old industrial area. Large parts of the economic system have disappeared in front of international competition. One can observe a growing unemployment and derelict zones. .
Bouzid, Naciba. "Espace et activités au féminin dans une vallée présaharienne du sud marocain : La vallée du Todra." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUEL149.
The valley of the Todra partake of the regions presahariennes. It is mainly characterized by a hard winter and dry summer. The perception and the practice of the space by the element feminin in the Todra depend on the age, the stature and the activity. Some functionels spaces are invested with predominante manner. Women practise thus the space-habitation in the first, the space-job in the second and the space-leisure in the last. The auter space-all spaces situated beyond the limit of the habitation specially the ksar- is weakly frequented by women such the South-East-Morocco. A feminin work depend widely on the economical situation of the domestic group. The place of the women in the familial economy is proponderant. It is an element active that the society understimate her participation in the econimical life. The depreciation is due to a sexual division of the work. In that traditional universe where the feminine society had a hard traditions, the space and feminin job reflected widely the social statute of Berber women in the South Morocco
Giliberti, Luca. "Une vallée frontalière : Parcours néoruraux, mobilisations sociales et solidarité avec les migrants dans la Vallée de la Roya." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ2009.
This ethnographic research studies a rural valley crossed by the border between Italy and France – the Roya Valley – at the time of the "reception crisis", from 2017 to 2019. The research explores the effects of the “closure” of the political border throught systematic controls and militarization of the area, on the local social fabric. It shows how social boundaries are reconfigured through a study of the relationships between different cultural universes of the population. A network of inhabitants in solidarity with migrants – mostly a neorural population already active in cultural life and in the mobilization of the territory – emerge in the valley. At the same time, another part of the population, mainly made up of native familles de souche, stands up against solidarity actions. This antagonism gives rise to a series of consequences and social conflicts take shape in the territory.In this “social drama” the research analyzes in detail the neorural paths, the pre-existing social mobilizations in the valley and the solidarity with migrants. Drawing on social science literature on migration and borders, as well as rural studies, the research is guided by a series of research questions. What is the link between the commitment to an active rural cultural life, the mobilizations for the defense of the territory and solidarity with migrants stuck at the border? What meaning should be given to the expression “defense of the territory” claimed by various social parties in disagreement with each other ? How are the pre-existing cultural universes of the valley and their social boundaries reoriented ? To what extent and how does the rural characteristic of the valley influence the consequences of the migration question ? How is this universe of solidarity practices taking shape and with wich registers of action ? How do different rural areas, from multiple collective mobilization processes, participate in the processes of local resistance to neoliberal policies ?The method that guided the research is inductive, oriented by these research questions, and developed through an intense ethnographic process, based on immersion in the studied territory, through techniques such as participant observation and collection of oral sources, in particular semi-structured interviews.The originality of the thesis is twofold: in primis, it accounts for the results of research on an effervescent rural territory, at a historic moment when certain marginal places seem to present themselves as scenarios of social and cultural transformation, through mobilizations and alternative life practices, until now little documented in the social science literature. Secondly, in a scenario where more and more sociological studies are taking over the multiplication of borders in Europe, this research observes the phenomenon through the lenses, hitherto little explored, of rural territories
La presente ricerca etnografica studia una valle rurale attraversata dal confine tra la Francia e l’Italia – la Val Roja – al tempo della “crisi dell’accoglienza”, dal 2017 al 2019. La ricerca esplora gli effetti della “chiusura” della frontiera politica su questo territorio, con i controlli sistematici e la militarizzazione, e sul tessuto sociale locale. A partire da uno studio delle relazioni tra i diversi universi culturali della popolazione emergono le modalità con cui le frontiere sociali si riconfigurano. Una rete di abitanti solidale ai migranti – in maggioranza una popolazione neorurale già attiva nella vita culturale e nelle mobilitazioni sul territorio – prende forma nella valle ; contemporaneamente, mentre un’altra parte della popolazione, costituita principalmente dalle native familles de souche, si erge contro le azioni solidali, tale antagonismo genera una serie di conseguenze e di conflitti sociali sul territorio.In questo “dramma sociale” la ricerca analizza nel dettaglio i percorsi neorurali, le mobilitazioni sociali pre-esistenti nella valle e la solidarietà ai migranti. Prendendo le mosse da una letteratura in scienze sociali sulle migrazioni e sui confini, oltreché sugli studi rurali, la ricerca si costruisce su un approccio etnografico, guidato da diverse questioni di ricerca. Qual è il legame tra l’impegno per una vita culturale rurale attiva, le mobilitazioni per la difesa del territorio e la solidarietà ai migranti bloccati in frontiera ? Quale significato dare all’espressione “difesa del territorio”, rivendicata da diverse parti in disaccordo ? Come si riorientano nelle risposte alla questione migratoria gli universi culturali pre-esistenti in valle e le loro frontiere sociali ? In che misura la caratteristica rurale della valle genera un’influenza sulle conseguenze della questione migratoria ? Come prende forma e che con quali registri di azione l’universo delle pratiche solidali? In che maniera diversi territori rurali, a partire da diverse forme di mobilitazione collettiva, stanno partecipando a processi di resistenze locali alle politiche neoliberali ?Il metodo che ha guidato la ricerca è induttivo, orientato da tali questioni di ricerca, e implementato attraverso un intenso processo etnografico, basato sull’immersione nel territorio studiato, attraverso tecniche quali l’osservazione partecipante e la raccolta di fonti orali, in particolare le interviste semi-strutturate.L’originalità del lavoro è duplice: in primis, riporta i risultati di una ricerca su un territorio rurale effervescente, in un momento storico in cui alcuni luoghi di campagna sembrano proporsi come scenari di trasformazione sociale e culturale, attraverso processi di mobilitazione e di alternative di vita ancora poco documentati dalla letteratura in scienze sociali. In secondo luogo, in uno scenario in cui sempre più studi sociologici prendono piede sulla moltiplicazione delle frontiere in Europa, la ricerca osserva il fenomeno attraverso le lenti, finora poco esplorate, dei territori rurali
N'Dir, Massaër. "Possibilités de mécanisation agricole dans le delta du fleuve Sénégal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38305.
Oslisly, Richard. "Préhistoire de la moyenne vallée de l'Ogooué (Gabon)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010563.
The Ogooue middle valley is a country particularly with a high palaeoclimatic samples and prehistoric remains content. The study of terrace deposits including lithic industries (OSA and MSA), stone-lines with picks (MSA) and clayey recovery with microlithic industry (LSA), provide an approach of the continental quaternary palaeoenvironment. The neolithic stage (3500-2300 bp) is caracterized by the first potters arrival. Since 2500 bp, the bantou metalworkers supplant them and engrave abstract and schematic representations of a rock art
Bessat, Hubert. "Atlas toponymique alpin : Savoie, vallée d'Aoste, Dauphiné, Provence." Grenoble 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE39014.
aLau, Leung Mei-Yee. "Industrialisation, révolution et transition : étude comparée de la vallée de la Bièvre et de la vallée de l'Yvette au XVIIIème siècle." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010522.
Gelbert, Agnès. "Etude ethnoarchéologique des phénomènes d'emprunts céramiques : enquêtes dans les haute et moyenne vallées du fleuve Sénégal (Sénégal)." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100057.
Pineda, Quevedo José. "L'aménagement du territoire dans la Vallée du Moche au Pérou de la sédentarisation au XVIème siècle : les enseignements d'une lecture spatiale sur la vie des sociétés préhispaniques." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030080.
This work investigates the link between natural space and space rceived by man. It focuse on a coastal valley of the North desert of Peru, during the pre-Colombian period of the town and country planning. It analyses separately the qualities of the oasis, the settling process of the first inhabitants and it deciphers the forms of the monumental architecture as well as the urban typologies. The author studies the principles which have governed space organisation, the everstanding elements and the dynamics in action. Spatial analyse proves the integration of a nature regarded as sacred and how no external intervention occurred before the Spaniards came
Alhamawi, Mahmoud. "Sédimentologie, pétrographie sédimentaire et diagenèse des calcaires du crétacé supérieur de la marge ibérique, vallée d'Ossau, vallée d'Aspe, Haute Chaîne, Pyrénées Atlantiques." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10552.
Baldé, Mamadou Lamarana. "L'aménagement des périmètres intermédiaires de la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal (rive gauche) : bilan et perspectives." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20085.
Prégent, André. "Sédimentologie de la basse vallée de la Gatineau, Québec." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5677.
Amadou, Ide Oumarou. "Préhistoire dans la vallée de la Mekrou (Niger méridional)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010675.
From the identical excavations in the middle valley of the Mekrou emerge the richness of a Sahel region, in which ancient human occupation remained for a long time unknown. All periods are represented, in a long sequence which seems uninterrupted from the acheulaen period to the subactual, passing through the recent paleolithic, the neolithic and the appearance of iron metallurgy. The paleogeographic study, including stone industries, offer a quaternary paleoenvironnemental approch to the region. The sufficiently elevated density of sites paleolithic as well as neolithic, along the length of the river Mekrou, denotes the importance of the populating of the region for which the climatic conditions, remaining favorable up to a recent period, allowed a signifiant prehistoric human occupation. The Mekrou valley subscribes to a morphology of tablelands in the karstic evolution where one may observe basins formed by subsidences linked a process of profound kaolinization of socle. One sees the appearence of sedimentary ruptures, caused by iron broken stones, in which one finds the artifacts of human occupation. The investigations in this region has succeeded in establishing a chronotypological, chronostratigraphical and statistical frame. The industries attributable to the recent acheulaen period appear in the stony sheet, at the base of which outcrop, at the some time, the current level of the mekrou. It is caracterized by bifaces and numerous bolas. Hatchets are rare. The middle paleolithic, better allocated, is recognised in various places in the different basins. It is composed of objects in different conditions, depending on what length of time they have been exposed to the open air. All of the objects come from the second stone sheet. The material is caracterized by numerous levallois flakes, the importance accorded to small flakes and strips, retouched flakes, discoid nucleus, and also by the presence at certain sites of circular scrapers. The recent paleolithic, the neolithic, as well as the historic occupations are nixed in the superior broken stone, whether or not the current surface is covered with a deposit of eolian sand
Bhiry, Najat. "Formations quaternaires de la vallée moyenne du Souss (Maroc)." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066679.
Mbow, Thierno Idrissa. "Représentations sociales et construction de l'identité paysanne : Dynamique des représentations de la richesse et de la pauvreté chez les paysans du Delta du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111004.
Coudart, Anick. "Architecture et société : uniformité et variabilité, fonction et style de l'architecture du néolithique danubien." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010521.
Le, Drezen Yann. "Dynamiques des paysages de la vallée du Yamé depuis 4 000 ans : Contribution à la compréhension d'un géosystème soudano-sahélien (Ounjougou, Pays dogon, Mali)." Caen, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348161.
Cupillard, Christophe. "Le Mésolithique et le début du Néolithique dans la haute Vallée du Doubs : contextes, mouvement des recherches et bilan stratigraphique." Besançon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA1013.
The drainage basin of the upper Doubs valley stretches over 910 km2 in central Jura, between Switzerland and France. The area is clearly karstic, and comprises many lacustrine and palustrine formations whose fillings provided essential data to assess the environmental conditions and the evolution of prehistoric societies during Tardiglacial and the beginning of Holocene. We present here a revision of the prehistoric peopling based on the study of pollen evidences gathered on 18 references sites and on the data provided by the archaeological excavations of « la Roche aux Pêcheurs » and « les Prés Mourey » (Villers-le-Lac, France) and « le Col des Roches » (Le Locle, Switzerland). The earlier human settlements following the würm glacier melt can be dated to the Azilian, at the beginning of the Alleröd 12000 to 11500 cal BC. The peopling of the area starts again around 7500 cal CB. Five stages were mainly recognised between 7500 to 3900 cal BC, they document the end of the Mesolithic and the beginning of the Neolithic : Stage 1 is middle Mesolithic, end of the VIIIth millenium cal BC ; Stage 2 is late Mesolithic, 6700 to 6500 cal BC ; Stage 3 is final Mesolithic 1 between 6000 to 5300 cal BC ; Stage 4 is final Mesolithic 2 or early Neolithic, 5300 to 4900 cal BC ; Stage 5 is middle Neolithic (Saint-Uze Style) between 4900 and 3900 cal BC
Ali, Mahamadou. "Irrigation et développement agricole : les périmètres irrigués rizicoles de la vallée du fleuve Niger (au Niger)." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10036.
The recent droughts in niger have demonstrated the fragility of the traditional productive system. That is why an hydro-agricultural realizations policy has been set up to allow the lands development of the river niger valley by irrigation and exclusively for the needs of the rice graving practised in bi-annual production. This hydro-agricultural realization policy has been accompanies, ont the beginning of the eighties by a disengagement of the state, by the transfer of a certain number of fonctions first headed up by the managerial staff (the uncc), then the onaha, to the producers, farmers organized in cooperatives. This rice-output cooperatives have played a very important part in the success of these irrigated perimeters, organizing brillianthy the ploughing and the primary commercialization of the production. The agronomical results are also excellent (around 9 tons ha yearly). Moreover there is an impetus effect on the traditional production system facilitating the access to several factors of production (fertilizers, animal husbandry, motor driven pumps) but all these good results do not hide a certain number of problems particularly linked to the commercialization of the production, to the lack of agricultural credit and the training of producers and their cooperatives
Faleh, Ali. "Les Pays du Sebou prérifain (Maroc) : étude géomorphologique." Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR4506.
The geomorphologic study of prerifain lands of sebou consists of analysing the characteristic of forms and of quaternary formations and the actual morphodynamic manifestations. Three generations of settlings rise in tiers or encase above the actual level of sebou river. The ancient siliceous quaternary is put in place by the ancient channel of ouerrha. The middle quaternary is characterised by an encrusting and deformation of level 5 materials. The originality of the recent quaternary resides in the absence of the "rubefaction" of settlings of level 2 and the strong altering of materials of level 1. The predominance of soft rocks, the irregularity of climatic risks and the intensity of the use of earth over the excessive down grounds, favor the releasing of certain erosive process and accelarate others
Challet, Virginie. "Les techniques ornementales des artisans-bijoutiers celtes du cours supérieur et moyen du Rhin aux IVe et IIIe siècles av. J. -C. : les bijoux émaillés celtes, signe d'excellence ?" Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010566.
Celtic craftsmen were the first in europe ot master enamel-workings ; from about the IVth century B. C. , they developped and perfected this art. This study, devoted to all decorative techniques used at that time, aims to give a better understanding of celtic craftsmenship. From a close study of the jewels (exclusively found in cemeteries), the results seem evident : decorative arts were changings. During the IVth century B. C. , materials requiring the use of fire as iron, bronze and glass are considerably increasing while the use of natural materials as amber, jet and coral are definitely falling down. At the same time, new typs of torcs and fibulae appeared ; some of them are enameled and all these objects are well decorated with special patterns, coming partly from the mediterranean world. These jewels are worn by the upper class of the celtic society. Finaly, the main result concerns the expansion of these finds. Most of them were found along the upper part of the rhine valley, up to the Tessin region, opening the way to north Italy. Some of them were discovered further, in austria and in the Carpathian basin. At the beginning of the ivth century B. C. , the celts were invading italy, moving to cisalpine region with their own craftsmen and technics and mixing with italic people. They were also beginning to move to east : in both cases, materials and techniques identifie cultural groups, showing their capacity of innovation
Wazi, Nandefo. "Le crétacé du Roumois (Vallée de l'Oison) et le tertiaire-quaternaire des régions voisines de la basse vallée de la Seine : stratigraphie et tectonique." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES030.
Brunel, Christine. "Etude entomocoenotique le long d'un transect culture - coteau calcaire - vallée humide à la chaussée-Tirancourt (Vallée de la Somme) : répartition spatio-temporelle du peuplement." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10074.
Roitel, V. "Végétation et action de l'homme du Natoufien au Néolithique acéramique dans le Haut-Euphrate syrien." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20145.
Baudouin, Harry. "La céramique de Yagul, Oaxaca, Mexique : relecture d'un site "postclassique"." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010660.
Giunta, Alexandre. "Les francos dans la vallée de l'Ebre ( XIeme-XIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040101/document.
In the 11th and 12th centuries, populations from the other side of the Pyrenees came to settle down in the north Iberian peninsula. The Ebro valley was welcoming area for these men whose sources and historiography called francos. This topic has been studied by Marcelin Défourneaux in a famous book: Les Français en Espagne aux XIe-XIIe siècles (1949). Sixty years later, the evolution of the ressearch justifies this work. The first difficulty will be to define francos. With regard to sources, this terme denotes as well the free person as that the one coming from the north of the Pyrenees. The dynamics of exchange were determined to a large extent, though informally, by knights, churchmen, merchants, craftsmen, pilgrims and others travellers. The kings of Aragon and Navarre entrusted some migrants with the running of territories and goods. We will discuss this migration and analyze the steps of this process and the conditions on which it had been achieved. Migration from the North intensified in the eleventh and the twelfth centuries, when pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela became a mass movement. We shall emphasize its role before discussing what was at stake in the transpyrenean relationships, the settlement ofterritories conquered by Christians and the war against the Muslims. Thanks to onomastics, we will consider the presence of foreigners in the towns and its relations with the local communities. With the migration of francos to Aragon and Navarre, a change took place in that region’s approach to architectural and artistic tradition
Jacquemond, Joseph. "La révolution industrielle dans la vallée de l'Ondaine, 1815-1914." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET2018.
Due to presence of coal, water power, skilled plentiful workmen, this valley, located in the south west of Saint-Etienne and expanding on about 100 km2, became in the early vanguard of French metallurgy and mining. In 1815 an Englishman Jackson and few years later, an Alsacian born Holtzer introduce steel making in the valley. But during the first half of the 19th century, general development is slow and the valley remains mainly an agricultural area. The second half of the 19th century is the period of mushrooming expansion. Coal mining remains the most important activity of the valley. But metallurgy is practically so important with three plants, featuring, among the leading. French companies of steel production, also manufacturing heavy mecanic speciallly war material. Bolt making and file making become another caracterical production of the valley. This expansion has been made possible thanks to the development of rail road. To this economical growth corresponds fundamental transformation in minds and standards of life. Legalization of trade union allows the working class to promote coalition, while the employeers attempt to limit
Chartier, Michèle. "Étude des paléoenvironnements de la vallée de l'Aisne à l'holocène." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070132.
This study comes as the contribution to pluridisciplinary. The project vhom subject is the natural surrounding of middle valley in oceanic conditions at holocene period. We intend to represent the inter-relations between protohistorical communauties and their environment through investigations within and without archeological sites. We aim to show that this area has remained very stable since the begining of the holocene period : the aisne river -a majeur hydrological axe- rapidly flowed back into its present talweg and no digressing channel or over flowing silt has been observed beyond the present inondation zone. However, important modifications of the sand sediments at the late weichselien, hamper the legibility of archeological structures. The balance -erosion sedimentation- in secondary valleys shows that the first records of anthropic impact date from the chalcolitic age and preceed period of intense landclearing at the iron age and the roman and medieval periods. This finding collaborate hypothesis of archeologues. The micromorphological studies of anthropogenic sediments leads of to distinguisch certains caracteristics of ancient anthropological pratices on neolitic sites such the frequent burning of land which gives sediments its black hue, for a long time, attributed to the pedological evolution. At the end of this investigations, microaeras of work and pattern have been defined. Middling time, data will be integrate into a regional geographical information system
Bouzou, Moussa Ibrahim. "L'Erosion dans la vallée de Keita (Adar Niger) : contribution géomorphologique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE19028.
Adar is a sahelian region with a semi-arid climate. Situated in the iulliminden basin, this region is also a plateau covered by a ferruginous cuirass. The population is concentraded in the valleys. The result of demographic pression and natural constraints is ecological instability. This dissertation studies erosion in the keita valley and aims to ameliorate traditional antierosive fight methods ; in order to engage the peasants in the fight against the degradation of the environment
Faga, Murilo Tadeu Werneck. "Rayonnement solaire et turbidité atmosphérique dans une vallée alpine industrielle." Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0106.
Bernard, Roigt Martine. "La fabrique des territoires productifs, l’exemple du SPL Mecanic Vallée." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10044/document.
This PhD dissertation analyses the links between the Mecanic Vallée actors and its territory. This territory developed thanks to the policy of the DATAR Local Productive Systems in the late 90s. It was supported by the incitement and developement public policies granted by the state in the 80s in the institutional context of decentralization.The territory is a restricted area extending over three French Departments (Lot, Aveyron, Corrèze).The actors the analysis is concerned with are the ones who took part in the creation of the Mecanic Vallée SPL (local politicians, industrialists) and those who broke into the political arena (CGT local unionists).First, the dissertation analyses the making of the Mecanic Vallée territory through the prism of the tranformations of public policies. Through a historical perspective, it highlights the evolution of land-use public policies at the centre of which industry has a structural impact . It examines the effects of the territorialization of the economy and the state which made possible the creation of a new productive configuration for disadvantaged rural territories, either endowed with little industry or which experienced major industrial crises and a deep social history. This approach allows us to look at a public policy implementation from below. It highlights the role of not only the grassroots but also the local political leadership. The dissertation draws upon research in Sociology of public action and public policies. Then, the dissertation follows an approach focused on the actors and, to be specific, on the way CGT unionists see this new economic and social reality in the Mecanic Vallée steel factories. We may therefore wonder if it represents a change in the social reality as well as in future social relationships within the territory. Scrutinizing not only this new productive configuration but also the union practices reveals the roots, challenges, and limits of a unionist attempt to adapt and build an appropriate response to a new situation. This dissertation questions CGT unionists' roles and motivations through their personal experience and their trajectories as activists. This dissertation finally highlights how these unionists’ approach actually challenges the way the CGT Union addresses the economic territorialization and state issues
Bastos, Lage Lorène. "Analyse de la déforestation par télédétection spatiale dans l'Etat de Rondonia (Brésil)." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30040.
Tayab, Yassamine. "Les associations d'habitants dans la gestion et l'aménagement de l'espace : cas du val-Maubuée." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010626.
Following the development of the new town Marne-la-Vallée, the population of the rural districts of its second sector Val-Maubuée has undergone significant changes. The arrival of the newcomers has largely changed the social balance of these districts and consequently has brought changes to the municipal team. However, the role of the inhabitants to determine the spatial policies go far beyond their participation in the elections. The local associations come into existance increasingly in order to ameliorate the conditions of living for the inhabitants of the new town. The present research looks at the role of these associations in the spatial organisation and development. Three types of associations can be identified in val-maubuee according to their themes and actions : associations for the defence of inhabitants and their living conditions, the associations of local sociability and integration and finally the managerial associations. (the paramunicipal and the self responsible citizens associations). A comparative and contrasting study of these associations allows one to define their role in the management and development of the space within the six districts of Val-Maubuée
Silva, Newton José Rodrigues da. "Dynamiques de développement de la pisciculture et politiques publiques dans la Vallée du Riberia (Sao Paulo) et la Haute vallée de l'Itajai (Santa Catarina), Brésil." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARH060.
Our study aims at understantind the relationships between public policies and freshwater fish aquaculture within the Ribeira watershed and the higher watershed of Itaja (Brazil). The theoretical framework lies on public policies evaluation, local innovative system and sociology of translation. The methodology takes advantage of official documents, newspapers, intervews of key stakeholders and surveys through questionnaires; Trajectories of aquaculture together with territories occupation ard described and analysed synchronically. Aquaculture dynamics are described by referring to a local innovative system integrating four poles of competency (production , traingin, science and financing) that can be assimilated to a socio-technical network. This tudy confirms our assuption : the ability of fish aquaculture is determined by the interaction between the four poles and public policies. The on-going dynamics of these interactions is crucial to make these activites sustainable
Briand, Bernard. "Caractérisation des métamagmatites en domaine profond et reconnaissance des sites géotectoniques : exemple du complexe leptyno-amphibolique de la vallée du Lot (Massif Central français)." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19039.
Ramram, Mohammed. "Loess et exemples de dépressions hydroéoliennes dans la basse vallée du Rhône (France)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10016.
Teles, Vanessa. "Construction de réservoirs aquifères alluviaux par modèle génétique de mise en place des sédiments." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066494.
Girardet, Bruno. "A propos du maxillaire Omo 323-1976-896 : (Etude anatomique et comparative)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010539.
Rosique, Thierry. "Morphogénèse et évolution des paléoenvironnements alpins de la fin des temps glaciaires au début de l'holocène : l'exemple de la moyenne Durance (Alpes françaises du sud)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10035.
The multimillenary period kept in this work shows the transition between a lato sensu late glacial period that succeeds to the maximum cold around 20000 bp and a speedy climatic improvement during the beginning of the postglacial temperate period. Our work uses the geomorphologic and sedimentostratigraphic study of some sedimentary systems in the middle basin of the durance (south french alps), the establishing of palaeobiologic contents, the search for indicators of anthropization and at last chronostratigraphic datas. Our contribution brings to the fore significant regional disparities of morphogenesis which are linked to the variety of local contexts. It shows furthermore that history of palaeoenvironments takes place in very different plant landscapes of which nature and spatial distribution are closely dependent on the diversity of edaphic conditions. Finally our results prove that we can't consider morphogenesis within the context of an homogeneous conception of environement before human occupation. We will nevertheless remember the following scenario from this evolution. An important period of torrentiality - the "neowurmian a" period (29000-24000 bp) - coincides with the last glacial phase of the durance. A retraction of torrential flows takes place into a very xeric bioclimatic tendency during the second part of the recent wurm. A major phase of vertical incision of talwegs during the "late galcial interstage" is probably characterized by an increasing of annual average precipitations with a little contrasted regime. A multimillenary detritic period ("main postglacial fill") seems to be bipartite : an active torrential phase during the younger dryas ; a more moderate boreo-atlantic sedimentation phase shows an efficient intervention of precipitation from the boreal
Moumen, Abderahmen. "Rapatriés, pieds-noirs et harkis dans la vallée du Bas-Rhône : des défis de l'installation aux recherches identitaires des années 1950 à nos jours : éléments pour une histoire nationale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10024.
James, Magali. "Le dépérissement des boisements riverains de la Garonne : évaluation à partir de données de structure forestière et de télédétection à haute résolution spatiale." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30018.
Toudji, Sonia. "Frontières Intimes : Indiens, Français, et Africains dans la Vallée du Mississippi." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675452.
Moti, Mohamed. "Cartographie par informatique des carbonates de la vallée de l'Artibonite, Haïti." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25684.pdf.
Arduini, Gabriele. "Processus de la couche limite atmosphérique stable hivernale en vallée alpine." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU006/document.
Alpine valleys are rarely closed systems, implying that the atmospheric boundary layer of a particular valley is influenced by the surrounding terrain and large-scale flows. A detailed characterisation and quantification of these effects is required in order to design appropriate parameterisation schemes for complex terrains. The focus of this work is to improve the understanding of the effects of surrounding terrain (plains, valleys or tributaries) on the heat and mass budgets of the stable boundary layer of a valley, under dry and weak large-scale wind conditions. Numerical simulations using idealised and real frameworks are performed to meet this goal. Several idealised terrains (configurations) were considered: an infinitely long valley (i.e. two-dimensional), and upstream valleys opening either on a plain (valley-plain), on a wider valley (draining) or on a narrower valley (pooling). In three-dimensional valleys, two main regimes can be identified for all configurations: a transient regime, before the down-valley flow develops, followed by a quasi-steady regime, when the down-valley flow is fully developed. The presence of a downstream valley reduces the along-valley temperature difference, therefore leading to weaker down-valley flows. As a result, the duration of the transient regime increases compared to the respective valley-plain configuration. Its duration is longest for pooling configuration. For strong pooling the along-valley temperature difference can reverse, forcing up-valley flows from the narrower towards the wider valley. In this regime, the volume-averaged cooling rate is found maximum and its magnitude dependent on the configuration considered. Therefore pooling and draining induce colder and deeper boundary layers than the respective valley-plain configurations. In the quasi-steady regime the cooling rate is smaller than in the transient regime, and almost independent of the configuration considered. Indeed, as the pooling character is more pronounced, the warming contribution from advection to the heat budget decreases because of weaker down-valley flows, and so does the cooling contribution from the surface sensible heat flux. The mass budget of the valley boundary layer was found to be controlled by a balance between the convergence of downslope flows at the boundary layer top and the divergence of down-valley flows along the valley axis, with negligible contributions of subsidence far from the slopes. The mass budget highlighted the importance of the return current above the down-valley flow, which may contribute significantly to the inflow of air at the top of the boundary layer. A case-study of a persistent cold-air pool event which occurred in February 2015 in the Arve River Valley during the intensive observation period 1 of the PASSY-2015 field campaign, allowed to quantify the effects of neighbouring valleys on the heat and mass budgets of a real valley atmosphere. The cold-air pool persisted because of warm air advection at the valley top, associated with the passage of an upper-level ridge over Europe. The contributions from each tributary valley to the mass and heat budgets of the valley atmosphere were found to vary from day to day within the persistent stage of the cold-air pool, depending on the large-scale flow. Tributary flows had significant impact on the height of the inversion layer and the strength of the cold-air pool, transporting a significant amount of mass within the valley atmosphere throughout the night. The strong stratification of the near-surface atmosphere prevented the tributary flows from penetrating down to the valley floor. The evolution of the large-scale flow during the episode had a profound impact on the near-surface circulation of the valley. The channelling of the large-scale flow at night, can lead to the decrease of the horizontal temperature difference driving the near-surface down-valley flow, favouring the stagnation of the air close to the ground
Arzalier, Francis. "La révolution française et la vallée de Montmorency : problématiques et héritages." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010560.
This work consists of eight typewritten volumes (nearly 1800 pages, half of the documentary apprndixes). It studies the history of the Montmorency valley, to the north west of Paris, from the eighteenth century (when it was a rural wine-growing area) until today (when it is a apris suburb). The analysis is centred around two main themes : A - the legacies of the revolution : the history of this area from 1800 to 1989 shows : 1) the various different legacies, which are as riven with the founding event; 2) the diversity of "heirs" laying claim to these legacies, from revolutionary and anti-religious groups to extreme right-wing French nationalists; 3) the ways in which these legacies have been deformed by being taken over, diverted or manipulated; 4) the continued existence of these revolutionary legacies in France, as was shown by the bicentenary. B - the importance of the historical role of village communities, which has been widely underestimated by historians : 1) in the eighteenth century, because it was expressed beyond the economic sphere, in modes of behaviour and mentality, in the social and religious field; 2) because it explains the political, religious and social reactions of a rural region of the revolution; 3) in the nineteenth century, which saw both its decline; 4) in the twentieth century, when the nostalgia for vanished community relation. .
Saintenoy, Thibault. "Choqek'iraw et la vallée de l'Apurimac : paysages et sociétés préhispaniques tardives." Paris 1, 2011. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01492378.
Humery, Marie-Eve. "L' écriture du pulaar (peul) dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0075.
The 1980-90's have been a golden age, that of the "Pulaar movement" where Fula language (Pulaar or Fulfulde), the fourth most widely spoken African language, has been the subject of extensive mobilization for his writing in adapted Latin script. This cultural and social movement surprises for two reasons : firstly , its relative magnitude, duration and popular involvement, on the other hand, the choice of the Latin script though Fula is written in Arabic script from at least the 18th century. The central question chosen to study this cultural nationalism reinvested by development actors was to understand what pulaar movement can reveal about haalpulaar society (or "toucouleur") and vice versa. Reading and writing in their mother tongue does change anything? How scriptural skills and practices are socially constructed? How do they participate in individual and collective construction? How do they affect social relationships? In response, Pulaar literacy should be l addressed in its pluriscriptural and digraphic context. The other two most common written languages in Fuuta Tooro have been therefore considered: the French, the official and public education language, facilitating social mobility and international migration, and Arabic, the religious language of a "power-knowledge" perpetuating social and political establishment but also the language of some commercial and migratory networks. Centred on social anthropology of writing close to New Literacy Studies, the approach chosen was global and multidisciplinary
Léger, Michel. "Géomorphologie de la vallée subalpine du Danube entre Sigmaringen et Passau." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070090.
The introduction sets forth the geomorphological problems : localization and evolution of the danube valley, the background history, the methods and techniques employed. Part one consists of three chapters which study the geological and geomorphological data prior to the formation of the danube stream system. In the following order : precenozoic bedrock, evolution toward the cenozoic stage showing e-w collecting streams in the sandstone depression, tectonic stage. Part two a regional study in nine chapters of the various sections of the danube valley between sigmaringen and passau and the northern border of the iller-lech plateau where witnesses to the danube's passage are fossilized under the alluvia and their alpine tributaries (adelegg, iller, lech system). Part three is a general synthetisis in three chapters of the facts described in the part two. The characteristics of glacial, foreglacial, alluvial and wind-loess-forms and formations are linked to changes of climate. The characteristics of the alterations and pedogeneses of the pliocene and the quaternary interglacial areas are described, and their significance discussed. The conclusion is presented as an answer to the problems set forth in the introduction