Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'La modélisation stratigraphique'
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Le, T. V. "Stratigraphie sismique et modélisation stratigraphique : application à l'évolution tectonique oligo-miocène du Bassin du Fleuve Rouge (Vietnam)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728242.
Full textGranjeon, Didier. "Modélisation stratigraphique déterministe : conception et applications d'un modèle diffusif 3d multilithologique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648827.
Full textArab, Mohamed. "Analyse des systèmes pétroliers de l'offshore algérien oriental : quantification, modélisation stratigraphique et thermique." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0130/document.
Full textThe Algerian margin is a complex domain, limited to the south by the Maghrebian internal zones (AlKaPeCa) that overthrust the external Tellian zones southward. The offshore part of this system constitutes a back-arc basin, where a mio-pliocene sedimentary series were deposited over a substratum of laterally variable origin and nature. The goal of the present work consisted in analyzing and modelling the petroleum system at work and calculating hydrocarbon volumes. Before proceeding to different numerical basin, stratigraphic and thermal modelling, a conceptual geological model is required and was performed based on field geological studies and stratigraphic and structural interpretations of the seismic profiles. The extension of the continental crust beyond the foot of the margin, allows determining a chronostratigraphic model by extrapolation of the outcroping oligo-miocene formations onshore to the acoustic pre-messinian units defined in the offshore basin. Besides, a tectonic analysis in both onshore and offshore domains gave rise to three main steps of evolution: (1) syn-rift phase where the basin was opened by transtension since Late Oligocene- Aquitanian, (2) post-rift phase in which intra-arc basins were developed, AlKaPeCa and Africa docked and magmatism activity took place, (3) inversion phase where the margin became active mainly since Quaternary times. After defining the different petroleum system elements taking into account variable uncertainties, the 2D/3D petroleum system model depicts possibilities of oil and gas accumulations mainly close to the margin, between 20 to 65 km from the coastline to the north with a maximum range of 70 km in the Bejaia Gulf
Arab, Mohamed. "Analyse des systèmes pétroliers de l'offshore algérien oriental : quantification, modélisation stratigraphique et thermique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0130.
Full textThe Algerian margin is a complex domain, limited to the south by the Maghrebian internal zones (AlKaPeCa) that overthrust the external Tellian zones southward. The offshore part of this system constitutes a back-arc basin, where a mio-pliocene sedimentary series were deposited over a substratum of laterally variable origin and nature. The goal of the present work consisted in analyzing and modelling the petroleum system at work and calculating hydrocarbon volumes. Before proceeding to different numerical basin, stratigraphic and thermal modelling, a conceptual geological model is required and was performed based on field geological studies and stratigraphic and structural interpretations of the seismic profiles. The extension of the continental crust beyond the foot of the margin, allows determining a chronostratigraphic model by extrapolation of the outcroping oligo-miocene formations onshore to the acoustic pre-messinian units defined in the offshore basin. Besides, a tectonic analysis in both onshore and offshore domains gave rise to three main steps of evolution: (1) syn-rift phase where the basin was opened by transtension since Late Oligocene- Aquitanian, (2) post-rift phase in which intra-arc basins were developed, AlKaPeCa and Africa docked and magmatism activity took place, (3) inversion phase where the margin became active mainly since Quaternary times. After defining the different petroleum system elements taking into account variable uncertainties, the 2D/3D petroleum system model depicts possibilities of oil and gas accumulations mainly close to the margin, between 20 to 65 km from the coastline to the north with a maximum range of 70 km in the Bejaia Gulf
Sellier, Nicolas. "Modélisation expérimentale des interactions entre déformations salifères et sédimentation turbiditique : une nouvelle approche expérimentale appliquée aux déformations des corps salifères allochtones." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10172/document.
Full textSalt-bearing passive margin with large clastic sediment supply are characterized by gravity-driven tectonics that deforms the sedimentary overburden and the underlying salt. These deformations are controlled along the continental rise by the differential loading generated by the deposition of turbidite fan (gravity spreading). Locally, along mature margin, extrusion of evaporites form allochthonous salt nappes (tens kilometres long) that are remobilized and deformed by the deposition of turbiditic lobes. Two end-members are recognized: the stepped counterregional structural style, which is dominated by subsidence of the sedimentary cover and distal salt extrusion. The roho structural style, which is dominated by lateral translation accommodated by several extensional structures.We designed a completely new kind of experimental apparatus for studying the interaction between sedimentation and salt tectonics along passive margin. Our device combines two approaches that are traditionally distinct: (1) the stratigraphic approach aiming to simulate sediment transport and deposition, and (2) the tectonic approach focusing on the deformation of the salt and its sedimentary cover. Thus, the tectono-stratigraphic basin built during this PhD work allows the modelling of turbiditic transport and deposition processes, as well as, salt-related deformations induced by differential loading of a mobile salt substratum at regional (gravity spreading) or local (allochthonous salt bodies remobilization)
Lanteaume, Cyprien. "Couplage de la modélisation stratigraphique et diagénétique : développements numériques et applications aux systèmes carbonatés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0344.
Full textCarbonate sedimentary systems record both global and local geological changes of the outer envelope of the Earth and contain more than 75% of conventional hydrocarbon reserves. These carbonate systems show a great complexity at every spatial and temporal scales. To increase our ability to understand and predict such intricate natural systems, it is necessary to integrate naturalistic and quantitative methodological apporaches. Numerical process-based modeling (stratigraphic-sedimentary-diagenetic) reduces the uncertainty of prediction of carbonate reservoir properties. The manuscript presents a method of iterative modeling of carbonate systems from stratigraphy to seismic by integrating diagenesis. This approach is based on the coupling of numerical tools and a working approach combining sedimentology, diagenesis, rock physics and seismic simulation. Tests on case studies associated with scientific and industrial issues validated the method.The modeling approach that was developed during the thesis allows to integrate a large number of multi-scale and multidisciplinary data. Models can easily be shared between the disciplines of geosciences. The model continuum along different scales of space (from the basin to the reservoir) and time eases the integration of various data. The obtained synthetic seismic is not a simple geometric convolution, but an integration of sedimentological and diagenetic properties, which allows for an analysis of the stratigraphic significance of the seismic reflectors. This innovative approach integrates naturalistic and quantitative methods, which improve the understanding and prediction of carbonate systems and reservoirs
Fornel, Du Roure de Paulin Élodie. "Reconstitution sédimentologique tridimensionnelle et simulation stratigraphique du système turbiditique éocène des grès d'Annot (Alpes méridionales)." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10081.
Full textGaumet, Fabrice. "Fondements géologiques pour la modélisation stratigraphique des systèmes carbonatés : le jurassique moyen de l'Angleterre à la Méditerranée." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10374.
Full textLe, Solleuz Antoine. "Modélisation thermo-mécanique et stratigraphique de la genèse et de l'évolution d'un bassin sédimentaire intraplaque : exemple du Bassin de Paris." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066190.
Full textNatasia, Nanda. "Architecture of the Early to Late Miocene Upper Cibulakan Formation, North West Java Basin, Indonesia : Insights from sequence stratigraphy and Stratigraphic Modeling." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS040.pdf.
Full textThis study explores the sequence stratigraphic evolution of the Early to late Miocene Upper Cibulakan Formation in the North West Java Basin, Indonesia. The primary objectives are to reconstruct depositional environments, understand regional stratigraphic evolution, and forecast the physical and dynamic parameters controlling the distribution of potential reservoir stratigraphic forward modeling. The study employs a model-independent sequence stratigraphic approach, integrating sedimentological, biostratigraphic, well log, and seismic data.The methodology involves two main phases: the development of a sequence stratigraphic framework and stratigraphic forward modeling. The sequence stratigraphic framework is built by identifying sequence boundaries, maximum flooding surfaces, and transgressive surfaces. Biostratigraphic data, electrofacies determination, well-to-well correlation, and seismic interpretation contribute to this framework. Seismic facies identification further enhances understanding, linking seismic reflector geometries to depositional processes. The second phase employs stratigraphic forward modeling using the Dionisosflow. This numerical technique simulates basin infill over geological time scales, considering factors like tectonic deformation, subsidence, sea level fluctuations, and sediment flux. Calibration involves structural evolution, sediment input settings, and transport parameters. The models are classified based on depositional facies, and uncertainty and sensitivity analyses assess the impact of various parameters.Results showcase the integration of biostratigraphic, well, and seismic data, providing insights into the geological evolution of the North West Java Basin. Twelve third-order sequences, organized into three second-order sequences, were interpreted within the Upper Cibulakan Formation. Four facies association has been revealed, based on gamma-ray log values; and nine seismic facies were identified, characterized by unique geometry and reflector configuration as well as stratal termination. The Aquitanian - early Burdigalian marked the dominance of northern and northeastern deltas, while the Burdigalian - early Langhian saw further deltaic progradation southward. The Langhian - Serravallian was characterized by a transgression, leading to the abandonment of the delta and the emergence of marine tidal bars. The Tortonian witnessed basin subsidence, reduced sediment supply, and the formation of isolated carbonate reefs.The Stratigraphic Forward Modeling simulation, involving a timeframe from 22.2 to 8.4 Ma, was constructed. The accommodation of sediment is governed by eustasy and tectonics; the sediment transport parameters, are carefully selected through systematic analysis and sensitivity testing, ensuring accuracy of the models in replicating observed thickness and lithological variations. The analysis of potential reservoir distribution shows that the prospective reservoir zones tend to follow a north-south orientation, influenced by rift direction that led to different sediment compaction and delta geometry, which influence accommodation space. Based on uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, sediment supply appears to be the most influential parameter compared to other parameters in the modeling
Alzaga, Ruiz Humberto. "Architecture et remplissage sédimentaire du bassin profond du Golfe du Mexique : modélisation stratigraphique et structurale du transect de Tuxpan." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20230.
Full textThe Deep Basin of the Gulf of Mexico (DBGM) is localized to the east of Mexico, to the southeast United states and to the west of the ocean Atlantic. The interest zone principal of this study on the part deep of the Gulf of Mexico has a bathymetries that varies of 200 to 3750 m, and understands continental slope and the abyssal plain. The geodynamic evolutions the Deep Basin of the Gulf of Mexico (DBGM) begins to the Triassic Jurassic with the rupture and the opening of a continental rift, in the sector south of the American North Tectonic Plate. This opening has the relative movement towards the southeast of the Yucatan Block, this will be the origin of the DBGM (Tectonics Analysis et al. , 2002). This geodynamic of continental rift is followed by a step of post-rift and spreading center. The basins continental margin developed to the west of the Gulf of Mexico, while oceanic crust formed in the DBGM. The basins of the passive margin then evolved under the effect the a thermal subsidence. The thermal subsidence of the margin next was perturbed by the orogeny Laramide, that restructured the architecture stratigraphic with silicoclastic deposits between the elements morphotectonic following: the tectonic front of the Sierra Madre Oriental (SMO), the foreland basin Chicontepec, the Tuxpan Platform (Golden Lane), the continental slope and the abyssal plain, these two last provinces morphotectonic belonging to the DBGM. During the Early Paleogene, the effects of the thermal subsidence of the passive margin were stressed by the tectonic load of the orogeny Laramide (SMO), allowing thus the development of a foreland basin flexural. In this framework geodynamic, the principal sedimentary transfers carried out themselves tectonic front "SMO" towards the DBGM. The principal source of sediments clastic is linked to the erosion of the chain of mountains "SMO". During the Paleocene and the Early Eocene, the architecture of the sediments silico-clastic syn-tectonic deposited in submarine fans are characterized by sliding, turbidities A and B of Bouma Facies and levee channels. After the end of the flexural subsidence, the thermal subsidence of the passive margin continued during the Late Eocene, the Oligocene and the Neogene, allowing the development of a new sedimentary prisms progradant. The sedimentary fillings up again are constituted levee-channels, sand bars platform and delta systems. During the Neogene a roll-over system developed on the slope of the DBGM, this roll-over detachment at a surface of clays of the Eocene-Oligocene. This system has more than 60% of the sediments silicoclastique of the Miocene. This sedimentary deposit go to of river-delta features towards sliding gravities associated to slump facies
Musial, Geoffray. "Architecture stratigraphique et modélisation sédimentaire 3-D des réservoirs à IHS (« Inclined heterolithic Stratification ») de la formation du McMurray, Canada." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066314.
Full textGari, Jâmes. "Développements en géologie numérique d'affleurement et modélisation stratigraphique 3D : exemple de la marge carbonatée du bassin sud-provençal au crétacé supérieur (SE, France)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX11002.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to improve the numerical modelling of properties and geometries of reservoirs and sedimentary systems from outcrop data. This work focuses on the Cenomanian to early Coniacian deposits of the carbonate margin of South Provence Basin (SE, France) that display spatially continuous outcrops. Two approaches have been carried out: (1) the construction of a new numerical database including laser scan, seismic, wells, aerial orthophotos, DEM, and structural dips, added to the existing geological data (maps, stratigraphical logs) and (2) the 3D numerical geological modelling. The gOcad software allowed consistent nested models integrating different stratigraphic units to be built. The integration of these data within a geo-referenced framework required a specific workflow adapted to the modelling tools. The construction of stratigraphic models at different scales required a workflow based on hierarchical modelling steps. The spatial distributions of facies simulated by truncated Gaussian method have shown that results are significantly influenced by inter-well spacing, resolution of the stratigraphic grids and a priori geological knowledge. The stratigraphic forward modelling allowed us to reproduce the sedimentary geometry and facies distribution by the numerical simulation of genetic processes. This process-based model allowed the paleo-conditions of sedimentation and the main controlling factors (initial topographic geometry, positive accommodation and carbonate production) to be estimated
Moreira, Da Costa Maia Renata. "Evolução estratigráfica cenozoica da porção norte da bacia de santos : quantificação do fluxo sedimentar e da subsidência através de análise sísmica e de modelagem estratigráfica." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066208/document.
Full textThe main objective of this study is to better understand and to quantify experimentally the main parameters that control the geomorphological and stratigraphic evolution of the Cenozoic sedimentary succession of the northeast Santos basin, Brazil, in the last 49.5 my. For this purpose, a variety of combining methologies were used, such as: seismic analysis of a dataset composed of different resolution levels (~7-8 s and ~400 ms penetration), chronostratigraphic and lithological data from 19 exploratory wells and stratigraphic modeling. Seismic analysis and stratigraphic modelling led to the identification of 9 main stratigraphic sequences that could be grouped into 3 megasequences (Megasequences A, B and C): (i) Megasequence A is characterized by deltaic features developed into a ramp feature located between Guanabara Bay and Cabo Frio. The formation of this delta resulted in a sedimentary overcharge that induced the basinward salt migration. The sedimentary input that feeds this delta was interpreted as related to an ancient Paraíba do Sul River that diversion to the Campos basin at the end of the megasequence development, resulting in a dramatically reduce the sedimentary influxes into Santos basin; (ii) Megasequence B is characterized by the retrogradational trend of sedimentary systems that offset offlap break of surfaces developed at 30 and 21 Ma about 78 km landward. This megasequence is also characterized by the beginning of conturites deposition related to the changes of oceanic circulation due to the opening of Drake and Tasmanian passages; (iii) Megasequence C is characterized by progradational systems that resulted in the coastline shift about 70 km oceanwards, in the last 11.5 my. The dominant progradational trend of this sequence is interpreted as a response of the increase in the sedimentary influx rate intensified by the spectral characteristics and amplitude of the glacial-induced eustatic signal that characterizes the Quaternary period
Marfisi, Emerson. "Stratigraphic modeling of tectonic-climate interactions : the example of the North Island of New Zealand." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066675.
Full textThis memoir first presents the synthesis of field and subsurface data of the main active orogenic basins of the North Island of New Zealand over the last 11 Ma (Taranaki, Wanganui, Hawke’s bay). It provides a simplified tectonostratigraphic and paleogeographic sketch of the island that helps understanding the relationships between deformation and associated sedimentary fluxes. The relative isolation of the North Island from other sedimentary sources during the considered period leads to relate the thickness, geometry and distribution of the preserved sedimentary sequences to the tectonic control of the Hikurangi subduction (Axial Ranges and volcanic arc). Then, the respective contributions of climate (i. E rainfall) and tectonics are evaluated by way of a numerical stratigraphic modeling. The software Dionisos ® runs a diffusion equation integrating erosion, transport and deposition as a function of slope, water runoff and substrate erodibility. A “best fit” model correctly simulates the volume, geometry and lithology of preserved deposits as well as the final related topography of the North Island. A series of sensitivity tests show the main control of rock uplift on sediment routing and accumulation, while rainfall primarily controls their volume. Finally, the memoir presents a brief geomorphological analysis of the catchment areas surrounding the Axial Ranges, compared to the sediment load delivered to the sea by rivers. This is a first step toward calibration of rainfall and other controls as lithology or structural grain on erosion. It also bears an approach of the response time to erosion at the scale of Milankovitch climatic cycles
Rohais, Sébastien. "Architecture stratigraphique et flux sédimentaires sur la marge Sud du golfe de Corinthe (Grèce) : Analyse de terrain, modélisations expérimentales et numériques (Thèse soutenue le 2 février 2007)." Phd thesis, Rennes 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00154788.
Full textThe objective of the present work is to characterize sediment supply dynamics within the Plio-Pleistocene Corinth Rift using an integrated approach based on field observations and analyses, experimental modeling and numerical modeling. Detailed sedimentological, structural and biostratigraphical studies on the southern coast of the rift provide a tectono-stratigraphic model within a well-constrained climatic and eustatic setting. Stratigraphic simulations (DIONISOS) are used to validate this model, to quantify the sediment supply and to discuss the relative role of four controlling factors on stratigraphic architecture (sediment flux, water flux, subsidence, eustasy). Finally, a geomorphological experimental approach has been developed to study the relative role of factors (rainfall, uplift rate. . . . . ) that control sediment supply and their record within the sedimentary signal
Richet, Rémy. "high-resolution 3d stratigraphic modelling of the gresse-en-vercors lower cretaceous carbonate platform (SE france) : from digital outcrop modeling to carbonate sedimentary system characterization." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10144.
Full textCarbonate platforms are characterized by complex sedimentary and stratigraphic architectures that can be expressed at length scale exceeding single outcrops. This work focuses on the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) deposits of the Gresse-en-Vercors cliff (southeastern France) that provide a seismic-scale slice though a platform margin - analogous to Middle East reservoirs - ideal to study large scale carbonate platform developments in continuous. The cliffs are 500 m high and extend for 25 km along depositional dip, straddling the transition from shallow water platform to deeper basin. New biostratigraphical data shows that the Vercors platform is mainly Lower Barremian. Four stratigraphic sequences were defined, with two complete platform stages, separated by three drowning events.New high-resolution numerical data (LIDAR point-set and high-resolution georeferenced photos) obtained by helicopter survey, allowed the realization of a 3D high-resolution DEM over the entire outcrops. Integrating the stratigraphic observations and the DEM in gOcad result in a continuous 3D stratigraphic architecture and facies model of the carbonate outcrop that can be used for stratigraphic and sedimentological interpretations. The resulting geological model demonstrates that outcrop numerical data and 3D geological modeling are pertinent tools for improving carbonate outcrop characterization and conceptual models of carbonate platform systems. It allows to establish subtle sedimentary profiles and high resolution facies mosaic along seismic scale platform trend. This approach is particularly critical for the 3D characterization of clinoforms and stratigraphic system tracts in non-cylindrical carbonate systems: for example, apparent low stand wedge or distal onlapping lobes in 2D are in reality prograding high stand systems in 3D
Tendil, Anthony. "Contrôles tectoniques, climatiques et paléogéographiques sur l'architecture stratigraphique de la plateforme carbonatée urgonienne provençale (France) : approches sédimentologiques, géochimiques et numériques intégrées." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0230.
Full textThe analysis of carbonate systems is at the heart of major economic and societal challenges, especially in the energy field since they represent significant oil and gas reserves. The present thesis focuses on the Urgonian Provence platform (upper Barremian–lower Aptian interval) which is considered as a valid outcrop analogue of middle East carbonate reservoirs. About thirty stratigraphic sections, including newly acquired cores, are considered throughout the Provence domain. The recognition of biostratigraphically constrained exposure and drowning surfaces enables us to restore the regional palaeogeographic evolution along with the stratigraphic architecture. Several phases of platform progradation toward the adjacent basins, interrupted by episodes of changes in carbonate production, are identified in Provence. A comparable stratigraphic scenario is proposed for the peri-Vocontian Urgonian platforms. In Provence, the reservoir compartmentalisation of the Urgonian platform is mainly controlled by the sequence stratigraphic context that induced a distinction between early cemented carbonates and those preserving part of their original porosity. The geological rules provided in this study 1) are implemented into a 3-D numerical model intended for fluid-flow simulations at the scale of the Fontaine-de-Vaucluse karstic aquifer, whose karst spring is the fifth largest in the world, and 2) help in predicting the sedimentary and petrophysical heterogeneities of carbonate systems
Bastide, Fanny. "Synthèse de l'évolution de la plateforme urgonienne (Barrémien tardif à aptien précoce) du Sud-Est de la France : Faciès, micropaléontologie, géochimie, géométries, paléotectonique et géomodélisation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU005/document.
Full textDuring the Early Cretaceous epoch, intensive magmatic activity due to the dislocation of the super-continent Pangaea, highly influenced global environmental conditions, which were characterized by a warm and generally humic climate. In this context, carbonate platforms were important in tropical and subtropical shallow-water regions, and especially during the late Barremian and early Aptian, platform carbonates of so-called Urgonian affinity are widespread. In southeastern France, the Urgonian platform was part of the northern Tethyan margin and bordered the Vocontian and the Bedoulian basins. The goal of this thesis was the systematic study of the Urgonian Formation in this region, and in order to achieve this goal, a biostratigraphic chart and a facies model were developed. The faunistic assemblages, the facies succession, the field observations and the study of geochemical signals lead to a sequential subdivision of the Urgonian series along 54 sections and wells allocated in five different regions in southeastern France (Gard, Ardèche, Vercors, Vaucluse and Provence). Correlations from this stratigraphic study highlight important variations in thickness and depositional environments of the Urgonian series. These variations are explained by relative movements induced by syn-sedimentary faults, which divided the Urgonian platforms into blocks. On the southern border of the Vocontian basin, these faults, oriented N30° and N110°, delineate six tilted blocks. At the top of the upper Barremian carbonates, subsidence of the two southern blocks accelerated leading to the opening of the Bedoulian basin. The reconstruction of the sequence-stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental evolution of the Urgonian platforms was then tested by the construction of a 3D numerical model of the Urgonian formation of southeastern France. Firstly, its consistency with the data collected during this study, and secondly, its geometrical coherence validate the proposed theory. Urgonian analogs exist all over the world and particularly in Middle East where they constitute important oil reservoirs. The exact reconstruction of the major factors, which influenced the architecture of these formations, will allow for a better exploitation of these energy resources
Tranier, Julie. "Modélisation stratigraphique de la distribution et de la préservation de la matière organique en milieu marin profondCas d'une marge à sédimentation pélagique : système d'upwelling côtier du Benguela (Namibie, Afrique du Sud Ouest)." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13167.
Full textHairabian, Alex. "3-D stratigraphic architecture, sedimentary processes, and petrophysic properties of deep-water resedimented carbonates (Cretaceous, Gargano Peninsula, South-East Italy)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4735.
Full textCarbonate gravity flow deposits can form significant volumes at the platform-to-basin transition; especially because tropical shallow-water carbonate environments are major sediment factories, the products of which, early lithified or not, are likely to be redeposited in the adjacent deep marine domain. This work has focused on the Cretaceous resedimented carbonates of the Gargano Peninsula (SE Italy). Extensive geological mapping and 3-D numerical modelling (supported by a LIDAR DEM) were associated to sedimentologic and biostratigraphic analyses to assess the spatial and temporal evolution of distinct deep-water depositional systems. Key 3-D stratigraphic surfaces were restored to investigate the impact of the paleo-topography on the geometry and spatial distribution of the gravity flow deposits. Correlation with the coeval shallow-water platform series has served to assess the relationships between the nature of the resedimented carbonates (i.e. bioclastic sands versus breccias) and sea level. Qualitative and quantitative outcrop data were transferred into 3-D numerical models of lithofacies that were generated at seismic scale with stochastic simulation methods. Finally, petrophysical measurements were coupled with quantitative petrographic analyses to assess the impact of sedimentary fabrics and pore types on acoustic and reservoir properties of carbonate gravity flow deposits. This multidisciplinary approach demonstrates that coupling traditional field work analyses with outcrop numerical data (e.g. LIDAR-derived) and 3-D geological modelling is a relevant method for improving outcrop characterization and conceptual models of sedimentary systems and reservoirs
Dalmasso, Hélène. "Analyse stratigraphique et modélisation numérique de systèmes carbonatés néritiques tropicaux à subtropicaux : discrimination et quantification des paramètres de contrôle : cas de la plate-forme fini-jurassique/éocrétacée de Basse-Provence et de la Grande Barrière Récifale quaternaire d'Australie." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11018.
Full textLeroux, Estelle. "Quantification des flux sédimentaires et de la subsidence du bassin Provençal." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790852.
Full textSamson, Philippe. "Équilibrage de structures géologiques 3D dans le cadre du projet GOCAD." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_SAMSON_P.pdf.
Full textKedzierski, Pierre. "Intégration de connaissances sédimentologiques et stratigraphiques dans la caractérisation 3D des faciès sédimentaires marins." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL030N.
Full textAn original method for the generation of 3D facies model has been implemented. It simultaneously accounts for well and seismic data, sedimentological rules describing the spatial distribution of rock types, or sequence stratigraphy principles. Different probability cubes are computed by integrating one or several pieces of information controlling the facies occurrence: the relationship binding the facies to the paleolandscape, the lateral transitions of facies, the stratigraphic control of shoreline migration, the sediment volume partitioning or the diagenesis potential. The generated probability cubes can then be combined, considering the redundancy of the data they express. The suggested methodology provides therefore an extensible framework for the integration and the combination of data from diverse origins and types, sometimes redundant and whose weight in the final model can be balanced according to the data uncertainty
Caumon, Guillaume. "Représentation, visualisation et modification de modèles volumiques pour les Géosciences." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_CAUMON_G.pdf.
Full textCASTELLTORT, Sébastien. "Origine et modification des cycles stratigraphiques à haute-fréquence (10's à 100's ka). Rôle des déformations courte longueur et modélisation du comportement des systèmes fluviatiles." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003936.
Full textJouet, Gwenael. "Enregistrements stratigraphiques des cycles climatiques et eustatiques du Quaternaire terminal - Modélisations de la marge continentale du Golfe du Lion." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260930.
Full textLes travaux entrepris depuis une dizaine d'années sur la marge du Golfe du Lion (Méditerranée occidentale) montrent qu'il s'agit d'une zone exceptionnelle pour explorer l'impact de la variabilité climatique et glacio-eustatique sur l'organisation stratigraphique des sédiments. Les séquences sédimentaires liées aux grands cycles tardi-pléistocènes de 100 000 ans, révélées par la sismique, ont été échantillonnées et interprétées grâce aux données multi-proxies des forages du projet européen "Promess-1". La révision du modèle stratigraphique de la marge, propagé sur l'ensemble de la plateforme, a contribué à préciser les modèles conceptuels de la stratigraphie séquentielle. L'analyse sismo- et litho-stratigraphique à plus haute résolution révèle également l'enregistrement de séquences liées à des cycles climatiques beaucoup plus courts durant le dernier cycle glaciaire (~130 000 ans). L'association des événements de Heinrich et de Dansgaard-Oeschger dans les cycles génériques de Bond présente une expression stratigraphique distincte, sous la forme de paraséquences régressives. Enfin, la modélisation de l'agencement des structures sédimentaires associées à la remontée du niveau marin lors de la dernière déglaciation (~20 000 ans) souligne le rôle des événements climatiques extrêmes dans la formation du message sédimentaire. Cette étude présente enfin une confirmation semi-quantitative et bien contrainte dans le temps, du rôle fondamental des variations du niveau marin et des flux sédimentaires dans l'organisation des séquences de dépôt, y compris à l'échelle des événements climatiques rapides.
Castelltort, Sébastien. "Origine et modification des cycles stratigraphiques à haute-fréquence (10's à 100's ka). Rôle des déformations courte longueur d'onde et modélisation du comportement des systèmes fluviatiles." Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003936v2.
Full textAunay, Bertrand. "Apport de la stratigraphie séquentielle à la gestion et à la modélisation des ressources en eau des aquifères côtiers." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00275467.
Full textJouët, Gwenaël. "Enregistrements stratigraphiques des cycles climatiques et glacio-eustatiques du Quaternaire terminal : modélisations de la marge continentale du Golfe du Lion." Brest, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260930.
Full textEarth’s climate oscillated during the Late Quaternary and these variations influenced sedimentary records worldwide. However, the associated changes of global sea-level and of environmental factors are not precisely documented, neither are their stratigraphic signatures. The extensive geophysical and sedimentological investigations carried out in the Gulf of Lions (Western Mediterranean) since the 90’s allow us to explore the expanded sedimentary records preserved on this continental margin during the Late Quaternary. The combination of high sediment supply and significant subsidence favoured an almost continuous record, at the shelf edge, of sedimentary sequences linked to 100 kyr glacio-eustatic and climatic cycles. The Gulf of Lions is therefore an ideal area for calibration of climatic and sea-level variations from the continental margin architecture. First interpreted from seismic data, these sequences have been sampled and analysed by the EC-funded “Promess 1” drilling operation. This high resolution record of the last ca. 500 kyr provides a new detailed litho- and chrono-stratigraphic framework. It allows a revised high-resolution, tri-dimensional sequence stratigraphic analysis of the margin. It also reveals, from an ultra-high resolution multi-proxy analysis of the last glacial cycle (~130 kyr), the stratigraphic and sedimentary imprints of millennium-scale climatic events such as Heinrich events and the cooling Bond cycles. Finally, the quantitative numerical modelling of the last deglacial period evidences the influence of a very high sediment flux and co pulses of sea-level rises (driven by rapid climatic events) on the architecture of the deltaic system
Kaplan, Julia. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle du comportement directionnel du système de forage rotary." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1279.
Full textMiramontes, García Elda. "Glissements sous-marins en mer Tyrrhénienne septentrionale et relations avec les dépôts contouritiques et turditiques : morphologie, stratigraphie, géotechnique et modélisation." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0083/document.
Full textThe Corsica Trough is an asymmetric confined basin located between the Corsica Island and the Tuscan Ar-chipelago, with the western flank dominated by turbiditic and hemipelagic processes and the eastern flank by mass transport and contouritic processes. The present PhD project aims to develop our understanding of the mechanisms that control the formation of submarine landslides within muddy contourites (sediment deposits related to bottom currents) during the Plio-Quaternary. The broad data set available for this PhD project includes: multibeam bathymetry, seismic reflection data, sediment cores, in situ geotechnical measurements, current ADCP measurements and results of a hydrodynamic model.The contourites of the Corsica Trough are mainly composed of mud with sandy layers formed by enhanced bottom currents during periods of sea level fall. The contourite drifts grow slowly during sea level high-stands and rapidly during sea level low-stands due to the high sediment availability provided by an active turbidite sys¬tem. Bottom currents control the seafloor morphology and generate plastered drifts on the slope. This is a con¬vex-shaped contourite with steep slope gradients in the lower part limited by a moat (incision created by bottom currents). The Pianosa Slump was initiated in this lower part of the plastered drift. The occurrence of continuous erosive processes during cold periods could undercut the slope and trigger submarine landslides. Another predis¬posing factor for slope instability identified is the presence of a potential weak layer with a post-peak strain soften¬ing behaviour (strength loss with increasing strain). This particular property is caused by the presence of zeolites (product of the alteration of volcanic rocks). This layer originated the basal failure surface of the Pianosa Slump.In summary, the two main factors predispose the formation of submarine landslides in the Pianosa Ridge are: the morphology of the plastered drift with steep slopes in the lower part and a potential weak layer composed of zeolitic muddy sediment. The main triggering factor seems to be undercutting by bottom currents
Deschamps, François. "Évolution post-rift et enregistrement des mouvements verticaux le long des marges passives : effets des processus intrinsèques aux marges passives." Rennes 1, 2010. https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01137274.
Full textPassive margins are intra-plate lithospheric structures located at the transition between continental and oceanic crust. Because of their location on the border of continents, passive margins record sediment transfer, produced by erosion of continental relief far from the margins, and complex and low intensity deformations produced by intrinsic processes (eg, flexural isostasy, thermal subsidence), intra-plate deformations, and plate boundary deformation. The sedimentary accumulation in basins and the continental denudation result in local, regional, and global processes with complex coupling. Up to the present, published studies on passive margins have generally been segmented between, unstretched and transitional domains and stretched domain of passive margin. To improve our understanding of post-rift deformation and recording of passive margin, we have done a new study incorporating the margin since unstretched domain to stretched domain. We used in this study, a new 3D numerical model coupling thermal processes, the flexural isostasy and surface processes
Strzerzynski, Pierre. "Évolution tectono-métamorphique et modélisation 3D le long du projet ferroviaire Lyon-Turin : Maurienne, Alpes." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10129.
Full textThe Lyon Turin railway project gives the opportunity to combine underground data with surface geological data in order to progress on the knowledge of continental subduction and exhumation processes in the Alps. Different exhumation steps have been identified: - A cover nappe stack resulting of thrusting toward the NW (D1-D2), it allows exhumation of HP-LT rocks (from 1. 02 GPa - 350°C to 0. 75 GPa – 380°C) between 37 and 35 Ma. - East verging normal shear zones (D3) occurred between 35 and 31 Ma allowing the exhumation until 0. 4 GPa et 300°C. During this phase, a temperature increase is recorded at 0. 57 GPa, and 430°C. - Two successive brittle deformation phases ended the geological story. The first one occurs between 31 and 21 Ma, and is characterized by N-S extension and E-W to vertical shortening directions. This eformation phase is associated with the whole tilting of the Modane-Aussois area. The second one starts at 5 Ma and is still active today. It is characterized by E-W direction of extension and N-S to vertical direction of shortening. New methods of treatments of bore hole and tunnel dataset lead to better understand the formation and the present day geometry of the mains tectonic contacts. These include on one hand a GIS and VRML numerical treatment of the tunnel forcut pictures and on the other hand the attribution of tectonic contact to D1-D2 or D3 tectonic phases by using the chemical compositions of the phengites. 3D odelling (using 3D geomodeler) has been used during each step of this work in orde to validate the geometrical compatibility between geological scenario and geological data both on the surface and in depth
Coudert, Laurent. "Apports de la sismique et des diagraphies différées à l'étude stratigraphique du bassin tertiaire du Chaco de Bolivie (Rio Grande-Parapeti) : traitements statistiques et modélisations." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10533.
Full textBusson, Jean. "Caractérisation et modélisation numérique des transferts gravitaires de la plate-forme au bassin en contexte carbonate." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0406/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on the controls of the gravitational processes transferring the carbonate production of the platform towards the basins. This work consists in 1) a geological synthesis of the gravity-driven sedimentation in carbonate systems and a typology of favorable configurations for the distal transfer of coarse material 2) an innovative numerical modeling workflow combining the forward stratigraphic modeling and the computation of the mechanical stratigraphy. It estimates the instability mechanisms during the evolution of the system. This work is based on two Plio-Quaternary analog cases: The Great Bahama Bank (GBB) Western leeward slope and the Exuma Sound/San Salvador deep basin and major canyon system, which constitutes an exceptional conduit of distal transport of carbonate sands to the abyssal plain. A common characterization of gravitational transfer processes was established for these two zones. Oedometer and triaxial tests were conducted for the determination of geomechanical parameters of the sediments. The numerical modeling workflow was applied to a 2D transect of the western slope of the GBB over the 1.7-0 Ma interval. It precises the progradation mechanism of the leeward margin related to the development of marginal cemented lowstand wedges. The modeling of the mechanical stratigraphy underlines the control of the gravitational instabilities by the geometry of the platform and fluid overpressures. The latter develop under the effect of transient piezometric head in the emerged platform, promoting the destabilization of the platform margin
Marchal, Denis. "Approche spatio-temporelle des mécanismes de la propagation des failles normales : des modélisations analogiques à la sismique 3D." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10270.
Full textIn petroleum geology, normal faulting is a major process in the formation of oil traps in extensional domains. Evaluating the quantities of hydrocarbons trapped, especially at the edges of structures, requires thorough knowledge of the 3D geometry of fault tips and their propagation mechanisms. To study the propagation mecanisms of normal faults, two types of analog modeling are conducted here: (1) propagation tests of pre-existing fauHs in translucid analog materials with video monitoring and (2) extensional deformation of two-Iayer sand/silicone scale models with X-ray tomograph imaging (medical scanner). This type of approach makes it possible to analyze fault propagation mechanisms in three dùnensions over the course oftime. The results are used to develop a conceptual model of the propagation of neoformed normal faults within a spatio-temporal (4D) framework. Whichever type of analogue model is used, secondary faults arranged in en échelon patterns arise at the tips of the main fault. Normal fault propagation mechanisms results mainly from connection processes between the secondary faults, between secondary faults and the main fault, and from the junction of two main faults. These connection processes are the source of the different types of undulation observed on fault planes. To validate the theoretical model, detailed morphology of natural neoformed normal faults is analysed by means of 3D seismic blocks (Niger Delta, Gulf of Gabes) and field examples (Oklo, Gabon). The natural extensional structures are interpreted using 4D sequences developed by analog modeling. The influence of the structural heritage (reactivation of a deep fault) on the geometry and propagation of neoformed normal faults is also considered
Amir, Lübna. "Modélisation thermique appliquée aux bassins sédimentaires et utilisant la géochimie organique : conception du logiciel "TherMO'S" pour la reconstitution de l'histoire thermique du bassin parisien à l'échelle séquentielle." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10280.
Full textThe reconstitution of the thermal history of a sedimentary basin is function of its burial history. The aim of this work is to correlate the information provided by the sequential stratigraphy with the ones provided by the kinetic transformation of the organic matter. The software TherMO'S has been programmed so as to estimate the palaeodepth, paleoporosity, thermal paleoconductivity, thermal paleoenergy and paleoTmax. A constant heat flux is proposed by the user for each borehole and adjusted regarding the Rock Eval pyrolysis Tmax data. TherMO'S has been tested for for 20 of the boreholes of an E-W cross section running from Rambouillet to St Loup in the Paris basin. This study has been realised at the stratigraphic sequential scale. We have obtained a thermal database. The simulations have permitted to point out a lateral decreasing of the heat flux from Rambouillet to Trou Aux Loups. In the mean time, the thermal gradient decrease according to time for each borehole. The thermal results underline the thermal subsidence consequences on the thermal properties evolution associated to each horizon burial history. The simulation permitted to distinguish 3 thermal events during the Pliensbachien, Dogger-Malm and the ending lower cretaceous - upper superior cretaceous
Améziane-Cominardi, Nadia. "Distribution bathymétrique des pentacrines du Pacifique occidental : essai de modélisation et d'application aux faunes du lias (problèmes de tectono-eustatisme au cours du rifting téthysien)." Lyon 1, 1989. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02314185/document.
Full textRieux, Alissia. "Transport sédimentaire et architecture de barrières littorales silico-bioclastiques : une approche par modélisation physique." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC268/document.
Full textIn many areas, coastal environments, from tropical to temperate-cold zones, are characterizedby mixed sediments, i.e. made of a mixture of siliciclastic and biogenic particles. Processes oftransport that occur in these so-called "mixed" environments are difficult to quantify and modeldue to the differences in hydrodynamic behaviour between siliciclastic particles, generally ofsub-spherical shape, and bioclastic particles the shape of which is very complex. The presentPhD work is related to this topic and aims in evaluating if changes in the composition ofmixed sediments can impact significantly the dynamics of the coastline, and more specificallythe construction modes of coastal barriers. To reach this objective an experimental approachhas been developed. Experiments in unidirectional current flume (erodimeter) highlight thesingular behaviour of bioclastic debris in comparison with that of siliciclastic particles, as wellas significant differences in behavior between bioclasts from various mollusc species. Theseresults could help in improving numerical models of natural sediment transport. Experimentsin a large wave flume clearly show that coastal barriers reconstructed from mixtures of varyingproportions of siliciclastic and bioclastic sediments have different morphological characteristicsand internal architectures. Barriers with high content in bioclastic debris are thicker andnarrower compared to barriers containing more siliciclastic particles. These findings suggestthat an increase in bioclastic inputs may have a positive effect on the stability of littoral barriers
Ettinger, Susanne. "Geomorphological impact of lahars on the southwestern flank of Cotopaxi volcano, Ecuador : drainage system and alluvial fan." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF20017.
Full textDuring a volcanic eruption at ice capped volcanoes, syn-eruptive volcanic debris flows, lahars, canbe triggered through the partial melting of the glaciers. This phenomenon is well known to have happenedat Cotopaxi volcano, Ecuador, where the present study has been realized. The latter concernsthree drainages on the southwestern flank of the volcano and one alluvial fan. A first analysis hasbeen conducted assessing geomorphologic features in the drainages testifying from erosional anddepositional processes during past lahars, in particular of those generated during the last eruptiveevent dating back to 1877 AD. Although the types of determined geomorphologic features are thesame, their spatial distribution varies among the three valleys as a function of an interplay of localmorphologic parameters. The individual environmental conditions determine also the flow volumeof such lahars, a critical parameter when to delineating hazard zones in the adjacent lowlands. Thesecond analysis has therefore be performed at large scale on the alluvial fan forming at the mouthof the southernmost of the three drainages. An integral study of the surface morphology and naturalexposures was enriched with subsurface stratigraphic information obtained through a ground penetratingradar survey. The sediment architecture of the fan provides valuable insights on the distributionof erosional features and deposits. Different fan parts appear to be active at different times andlahar deposit thicknesses are highly variable as a function of flow type and volume. This allows torelate floodplain dynamics to the initiation zone of lahars on the upper flanks of the volcano. At last,this research led to integrate a new bulking function acknowledging for erosional processes in thevalleys into the lahar-modeling software LAHARZ allowing to better delineate lahar hazard zones onthe fan
Berthelon, Josselin. "Etude mécanique des déformations des chaînes plissées d'avant-pays et rôle des argiles roches-mères durant leur maturation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066687/document.
Full textIn this thesis, changes in the mechanical properties of organic-rich shales, when they mature, are studied in order to deduce if burial may mechanically activate tectonic imbrication and control the folding style. This multidisciplinary work is organized according to three axes: a field study, a laboratory study and a thermo-mechanical modeling study. In the first part, the study balanced geological cross-sections through the Mediterranean fold-and-thrust belts shows the importance of the mechanical interpretation for structural restorations and to validate structural evolution scenarios. The Albanian Posidonia Schist laboratory characterization allows discussing the vertical evolution of mineralogical, geochemical and mechanical parameters in a source-rock formation that control the rheological behavior of source rocks. Both geological cases serve as input data for modeling designed to simulate the evolution of a source rock during its burial. Two aspects are examined: Using TEMISFlow Arctem basin models, I analyze the conditions necessary to create overpressure in a source-rock detachment located in the footwall of a thrust. Through geo-mechanical modeling, I study the mechanical conditions necessary to develop ideal fold geometries within a mechanical stratigraphy. A hierarchy of parameters to activate a detachment within source rocks embedded in a mechanical stratigraphy is thus proposed. Through an analysis of the coupling between these two aspects, geo-mechanical and hydro-mechanical, this thesis is a contribution to the search of a rheological law that takes into account the thermo-dependent softening of shale and source rocks in geo-mechanical modeling
Grasseau, Nicolas. "Architecture, dynamique et modélisation sismique synthétique d'un système fluvio-deltaïque syntectonique : le complexe deltaïque éocène moyen du Sobrarbe, bassin d'avant-pays sud-pyrénéen (Aragon, Espagne)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30029.
Full textIn the South-Pyrenean foreland basin, the exceptional continuity of middle Eocene Sobrarbe deltaic complex deposit environments allows to observe the stratigraphic and sedimentary architecture of a syntectonic river-dominated delta system at different scales. The main objective of this study is to determine the origin of allogenic and/or autogenic factors that control the distribution of deposits of such sedimentary system in a compressive setting, in order to compare it to other deltaic systems that accumulate in different geological contexts. This study is based on the acquisition of detailed geological mapping and about sixty measured sections. The database is complemented by updating chronostratigraphic data from the literature and additional magnetostratigraphic data. Sedimentological and stratigraphic analysis of the sedimentary system leads to an accurate description of geometry, facies and physical processes of different depositional environments distributed along two sedimentary models: a high energy river-delta system developed during progradational phases, a low energy mixed siliciclastic-carbonate system characterizing the aggrado-progradational and transgressive phases. Three dip sections analysis allows the identification of three nested order sequence: fifth-order sequences, fourth-order sequences and third-order sequences. The complex organization of fourth and third-order sequences systems tracts reflects accommodation variations caused mainly by structural deformation at different scales, secondary by eustatic changes. An advanced systems tract analysis leads a discussion of interrelationships between three main parameters that control the dynamics in time and space of sedimentary system: changes in the accommodation rate, sediment input and the influence of sedimentary processes. These elements provide semi-quantitative information regarding to the sediment accumulation within the different depositional environments (source to sink). Summary of results leads to the sequential reconstruction of the Sobrarbe deltaic complex paleogeography. Subsidence analysis of the Ainsa basin permits to reconstruct the sedimentation and sedimentary basin evolution from Lutetian to Oligocene times. An integrated study of outcrop-forward seismic modelling-real seismic analog provides an architectural and dimensional data combination used to improve seismic interpretation of river-deltaic reservoir systems. Such studies greatly reduce the uncertainties associated with the resolution of subsurface data, enabling better economic assessment of reservoirs
En la cuenca de antepais surpirenaica, la continuidad extraordinaria de los ambientes de deposito del complejo deltaico eoceno medio del Sobrarbe permite la observacion de la arquitectura estratigrafica y sedimentaria de un sistema fluvio-deltaico sintectonico a diferentes escalas. El objetivo principal del estudio presentado es la determinacion del origen de los factores alogenicos y/o autogenicos que controlan la distribucion de los depositos de dicho sistema sedimentario en contexto compresivo, para poder compararlo con otros sistemas deltaicos acumulados en contextos geologicos diferentes. Este estudio se basa en la adquisicion de una cartografia geologica detallada y de una sesentena de columnas sedimentarias. La base de datos se completa mediante la actualizacion de los datos cronoestratigraficos originarios de la literatura y la adquisicion puntual de datos magnetoestratigraficos. El analisis sedimentologico y estratigrafico del sistema sedimentario ha dado lugar a una descripcion exacta de las geometrias, las facies, y de los procesos fisicos que caracterizan los diferentes ambientes de depositos dentro de dos modelos sedimentarios: un sistema fluvio-deltaico de alta energia desarrollado durante fases progradantes, un sistema mixto detritico-carbonatado caracterizando fases agrado-progradantes y transgresivas. El analisis de tres paneles de correlacion, de orientacion proximal-distal, ha permitido la distincion de tres ordenes de secuencialidad: secuencias de quinto orden, de cuarto orden y de tercer orden. La organizacion compleja de diferentes cortejos de deposito de secuencias de cuarto y tercer orden refleja variaciones de acomodacion provocadas principalmente por la deformacion estructural a diferentes escalas y por variaciones eustaticas. Un analisis detallado de los cortejos sedimentarios permite una discusion sobre interrelaciones entre los tres parametros mayores que controlan la dinamica del sistema sedimentario en el espacio y en el tiempo: las variaciones de la tasa de acomodacion, del flujo sedimentario y la influencia de procesos sedimentarios. Dichos elementos proporcionan informacion semicuantitativa sobre la acumulacion sedimentaria en los ambientes de deposito (source to sink). La sintesis de los resultados llega a la reconstruccion de la paleogeografia del complejo deltaico del Sobrarbe. Finalmente, el analisis de la subsidencia de la cuenca de Ainsa ha permitido de reconstruir la evolucion de la sedimentacion y de la cuenca sedimentaria entre el Luteciense y el Oligoceno. Un estudio integrado afloramiento-modelizacion sismica sintetica-analogo real de subsuelo proporciona una combinacion de datos arquitecturales y dimensionales util para mejorar interpretaciones sismicas de sistemas reservorios fluvio-deltaicos. Dichos estudios reducen de manera considerable incertidumbres asociadas a la resolucion de los datos de subsuelo, lo que permite una mejor evaluacion economica de los reservorios
Fournier, François. "Evolution de l'édifice carbonaté du champ de gaz de Malampaya, Tertiaire, offshore Palawan, Philippines : implications pour la caractérisation du réservoir." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11025.
Full textThe Malampaya carbonate reservoir (Late Eocene to Early Miocene) is located offshore North-Palawan Island , Philippines. The integration of sedimentological, diagenetical, geochemical, micropalaeontological and stratigraphical analyses from subsurface data (cores, well-logs and high-resolution 3D seismic) allowed the reconstruction of the Malampaya carbonate build-up evolution at various time and space scales (parasequence and seismic sequence scales) and the identification of its controlling factors (carbonate producers, eustacy, tectonics, climate and oceanography). The reservoir subdivision into metre-scale intervals is related to the development of high-frequency subaerially exposed cycles in the inner-shelf (time scale: 10-100ka). Decametre-scale diagenetic bodies developed in relation with low-frequency evolution of the carbonate system (time scale ~1-10Ma), mainly controlled by tectonic deformation
Chaboureau, Anne-Claire. "Impact du climat et de la tectonique sur la dynamique des systèmes sédimentaires pendant l'ouverture de l'Atlantique Sud." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830475.
Full textSouza, Juliana Maria Gonçalves de. "Modeling of overpresure evolution during the gravitational collapse of the Amazon deep-sea fan, Foz do Amazonas Basin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS050.
Full textThe Amazon River culminates in one of the world’s largest deep-sea fans, a shelf-slope wedge that has prograded seaward since the late Miocene while undergoing gravitational collapse above shale detachments. In order to examine the overpressure mechanisms acting in the Amazon Fan and affecting its gravity tectonics, I developed an innovative approach based on the integration of modeling methods commonly used in the oil &gas industry, applied here for the first time to a collapsing passive margin depocenter. Two regional seismic sections were interpreted, depth-converted, structurally restored and then used for basin and geomechanical modelling to investigate overpressure mechanisms and deformation along the detachments and associated extensional and compressional faultsduring the deposition of up to 6-10 km of sediment over the last 8 Ma. The modeling results provide information on the evolution of pore pressure and temperature and their implications for the operation of the southeast and northwest structural compartments of the gravity tectonic system. It is found that themain control on gravity tectonics was sediment supply, which differed in magnitude and style between the SE and NW compartments. In both compartments, progradation of the Amazon Fan drove the basinward migration of the deformation front in response to a seaward migration of overpressure along the detachment. In the SE compartment, fault activity was observed only during periods of higher sedimentation, whereas in the NW compartment, continuous fault activity reflected constant high sediment input over the last 8Ma. Disequilibrium compaction (undercompaction) is argued to be the primary mechanism of overpressure in the Amazon Fan, however the secondary role of inflationary overpressures cannot be excluded. The temperature-dependent smectite-illite transition window was present within the fan, mainly above the detachment in the SE compartment, but at the level of the detachment on the inner and outer part of the NW compartment. Thermogenic gas generation (by primary and secondary cracking) did not affect the gravity system in the SE compartment, where most gas was expelled prior to the growth of the fan and thereafter trapped in shale-rich layers beneath the detachment, whereas in the NW compartment it has contributed to higher pore pressure on the detachment and some faults. Thus, temperature-driven fluid mechanics played a different role in terms of inflationary overpressure in the two structural compartments. These differences are in part due to differing different crustal types beneath the two compartments, which syn- to post-rift basin modeling shows produceddistinct thermalhistories,modulated by thermal blanketing during the growth of the Amazon fan. In particular, this led to lower heat flow in the NW compartment over the last 8 Ma, accounting for the greater depth of the smectite-illite transition window relative to the detachment and the later expulsion of thermogenic gases. The findings of this thesis thus provide new insights into the evolution of pore pressure during the growth and collapse of the Amazon Fan, and distinguish particularities of each structural compartment linked to its long-term history. The results also show that the integration of basin modeling methodologies provides an extremely useful tool to investigate the tectonic and sedimentary dynamics of Late Cenozoic depocentres,even when there is limited data. As a perspective of future work, dedicated studies of the crustal and thermal history of the Amazon margin might be done
Alzaga, Humberto. "Architecture et remplissage sédimentaire du bassin profond du Golfe du Mexique: Modélisation stratigraphique et structurale du transect de Tuxpan." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00435120.
Full textVirlouvet, Bruno. "Etude géologique et modélisations sismiques d'une coupe de la bordure méridionale de la plate-forme urgonienne du Vercors ( France) ; Contribution à la caractérisation sismique d'un réservoir carbonaté." Phd thesis, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819747.
Full textCaron, Olivier. "Synthèse et modèle cartographique 3D des formations quaternaires pour les bassins-versants des rivières Chaudière et Saint-François : géochronologie, stratigraphie et paléogéographie wisconsinienne du sud du Québec." Thèse, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5982/1/D2412.pdf.
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