Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'L. humile'
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Periotto, Fernando. "Efeito alelopático de Andira humilis Mart.ex Benth. e de Anacardium humile Mart. na germinação e no crescimento de Lactuca sativa L. e de Raphanus sativus L." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2040.
Full textUniversidade Federal de Sao Carlos
Observações em campo, nas áreas de reserva de Cerrado da Universidade Federal de São Carlos e da Represa do Lobo (Itirapina), indicam que as duas espécies estudadas neste trabalho, Andira humilis Mart. Ex Benth. e Anacardium humile Mart., desenvolvem-se formando espaços entre elas e outras espécies que se desenvolvem ao seu redor. Resultados obtidos em testes preliminares, utilizando-se extratos aquosos de caules e folhas de ambas espécies, demonstraram efeitos inibitórios na germinação de sementes e no desenvolvimento de plântulas de alface (Lactuca sativa L.), confirmando a hipótese da presença de agentes alelopáticos. No presente trabalho, foram estudados os efeitos alelopáticos de extratos aquosos de caules e de folhas de Andira humilis e de Anacardium humile na germinação de sementes e no crescimento plântulas de Raphanus sativus L. (rabanete) e Lactuca sativa L. (alface), ambas utilizadas como bioindicadores. Efetuou-se, também, a análise dos princípios ativos responsáveis pelos efeitos alelopáticos ocasionados por folhas de Andira humilis, procurando-se definir a(s) classes(s) química(s) a que pertencem. Os extratos a 50,75 e 100% de caules e folhas de Andira humilis, em sementes de alface e rabanete, produziram redução significativa na velocidade de germinação e, a 100% de caules, a porcentagem de germinação foi significativamente reduzida. Em Anacardium humile, a porcentagem de germinação foi reduzida significativamente, apenas em semente de rabanete, por ação do extrato de folhas em concentração de 50%. Sementes de alface sofreram redução significativa na velocidade de germinação na presença de extratos de folhas de Anacardium humile em todas as concentrações. Entretanto, a velocidade de germinação em sementes de rabanete foi reduzida significativamente, pela ação dos extratos de caules na concentração de 50% e de folhas, nas concentrações 50, 75, 100%. Plântulas de alface e rabanete sofreram inibição significativa, em seu comprimento, pelos extratos de Andira humilis, exceto os extratos de folhas a 25 e 75%, os quais não causaram inibição em rabanete. Extrattos de caules de Anacardium humile inibiram significativamente o comprimento de plântulas de alface e rabanete, porém os extratos de folhas a 25 e 75% não inibiram o crescimento de plântulas de alface. A interferência dos extratos aquosos, de ambas espécies de Cerrado estudadas, na germinação e no crescimento em alface e rabanete, foi desassociada de qualquer efeito do potencial osmótico e do pH, indicando, portanto, atividade alelopática. Os resultados obtidos na identificação da classe química do(s) composto(s) responsável(is) pela atividade alelopática ocorrida, apontam que as moléculas do metabolismo secundário presentes nas folhas de Andira humilis, responsáveis por tais efeitos alelopáticos na germinação de sementes e no crescimento de plântulas de alface e de rabanete, pertençam à classe dos taninos.
Gonçalves, Elaine Mendes. "Efeito das sementes de Linum usitatissimum L. var. humile (Mill.) Pers. (linhaça marrom) no aparelho reprodutor de ratas ovariectomizadas." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2014. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1631.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)
The hormone replacement therapy is the most effective way for the treatment of conditions related to post-menopause, but is related to the presence of undesirable effects. In this situation, safer alternatives have been investigated for the treatment of menopausal symptoms arising, such as the use of phytoestrogens. Seeds of Linum usitatissimum L. (flaxseed) are rich in lignan precursor, which is converted to substances which are structurally similar to estrogen. This study evaluates the effect of the hydro alcoholic extract of the seeds of L. usitatissimum on the reproductive tract of ovariectomized female Wistar rats. The seeds were crushed and remacerated and three times in 70% ethanol in the ratio 1:3 (v/v) for 24 hours to obtain the extract. Adult rats (80 days) from Rattus norvegicus species, divided into 6 groups (n = 5-6) were used: sham operated (FO) and ovariectomized (OVR) administered distilled water/3% cremophor (0.1 ml/100g, v. o.); estradiol benzoate (BE), ovariectomized treated with estradiol benzoate at a dose of 10 μg/kg (s. c.) and three ovariectomized groups treated with the extract of L. usitatissimum at doses of 100 mg/kg (LIN100), 250 mg/kg (LIN250) or 500 mg/kg (LIN500). The rats were ovariectomized and 21 days after surgery, received daily treatments, for two months, when it was rated the estrous cycle, body weight and food consumption. At the end of this period, blood was collection and subsequent biochemical and hormonal analyzes, and organ weighing, uterine reactivity and uterus, vagina and breasts histology. In the analysis of the estrous cycle, the OVR group had a higher frequency in the diestrus stage during the 2 months. The LIN100 group showed up 100% in diestrus and LIN250, 94.5% (1st month) and 93.5% (2nd month). At the highest dose tested (LIN500 group), flaxseed showed in the 2nd month of treatment, 14.3% of pro-estrus and diestrus 61.9%. The BE group reached 100% of estrus in the 2nd month. Ovariectomy induced body weight gain in OVR group (19.6%) which was prevented in the groups LIN and BE. Moreover, the groups treated with the extract did not alter uterus weight in relation to OVR, which showed a decrease of 83.4% compared to the FO. However, in BE, were increased by 80.5% the uterus weight. Ovariectomy induced intra-abdominal fat gain which was reduced to 47.9% in the LIN500 group 35.5% and 45.8% in BE group. In biochemical analyzes no differences between the groups was observed. In hormone dosage, OVR group decreased by 75.3% in estradiol compared to FO, whereas in the groups treated with the extract showed no differences compared to OVR. In relation to progesterone, there was no difference between groups. Uterine responsiveness to carbachol, PGF2α and oxytocin was decreased with ovariectomy and L. usitatissimum extract did not alter this effect. Histomorphometric analysis of the uterus, LIN500 group showed a significant increase in the luminal epithelium of the uterus in 12.8%, when compared to the OVR group. The other parameters did not differ, as well as the breasts histomorphometry. Therefore, the hydro alcoholic extract of L. usitatissimum has potential as an alternative to therapy in postmenopausal women, as it showed cytological parameters and on adipose tissue effects, without stimulating breast and endometrial tissues.
A terapia de reposição hormonal é forma mais eficaz para o tratamento de sinais e sintomas da pós-menopausa, entretanto está relacionada à presença de efeitos indesejáveis. Por esse motivo, tem-se buscado alternativas mais seguras para o controle destes sintomas, como o uso de fitoestrógenos. As sementes de Linum usitatissimum L. (linhaça) são ricas em um precursor de lignana, que é convertido no intestino em substâncias que se assemelham estruturalmente ao estrogênio. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico das sementes de L. usitatissimum no aparelho reprodutor de ratas Wistar ovariectomizadas. As sementes foram turbolizadas e remaceradas três vezes em etanol 70% na proporção 1:3 (v/v), por 24 horas, para a obtenção do extrato. Foram utilizadas ratas adultas (80 dias) da espécie Rattus norvegicus, distribuídos em 6 grupos (n=5-6): grupo falso operado (FO) e grupo ovariectomizado (OVR), administrados com água destilada/cremofor a 3% (0,1 mL/ 100g, v.o.); grupo benzoato de estradiol (BE), ovariectomizado tratado com estradiol na dose de 10 μg /kg (s.c.) e outros três grupos ovariectomizados tratados, por via oral, com o extrato de L. usitatissimum nas doses de 100 mg/kg (LIN100), 250 mg/kg (LIN250) ou 500 mg/kg (LIN500). As ratas foram ovariectomizadas e, após 21 dias da cirurgia, receberam diariamente os tratamentos, por 2 meses, período que foi avaliado ciclo estral, peso corporal e consumo alimentar. Ao final do tratamento, o sangue foi coletado para análises bioquímica e hormonal, além da pesagem de órgãos, reatividade uterina e histologia do útero, vagina e mamas. Na análise do ciclo estral, o grupo OVR permaneceu com maior frequência na fase diestro durante os 2 meses. O grupo LIN100 apresentou-se 100% em diestro e o LIN250, 94,5% (1º mês) e 93,5% (2º mês). Na maior dose testada (grupo LIN500), a linhaça mostrou, no 2º mês, 14,3% de pró-estro e 61,9% de diestro. O grupo BE atingiu 100% de estro no fim do tratamento. A ovariectomia induziu aumento de peso corporal no grupo OVR (19,6%), que foi prevenido nos grupos LIN e BE. Além disso, os grupos tratados com o extrato não alteraram o peso uterino em relação ao OVR, que mostrou uma redução de 83,4% em comparação ao FO. Porém, no BE, houve aumento de 80,5% do peso uterino. A ovariectomia induziu um aumento na gordura intra-abdominal em 47,9% que foi reduzida no grupo LIN500 em 35,5% e no grupo BE em 45,8%. Nas análises bioquímicas não foi observada diferenças entre os grupos. Já na dosagem hormonal, o grupo OVR mostrou redução de 75,3% do estradiol em relação ao FO, enquanto que nos grupos tratados com o extrato não houve diferença em relação ao OVR. Para a progesterona, não houve diferença entre os grupos. A reatividade uterina ao carbacol, prostaglandina F2α e ocitocina foi diminuída com a ovariectomia, porém não foi alterada com o extrato de L. usitatissimum. Na análise histomorfométrica do útero, o grupo LIN500 mostrou um discreto aumento do epitélio luminal uterino em 12,8%, quando comparado ao grupo OVR. Para os outros parâmetros não houve diferenças, assim como na histomorfometria das mamas. Portanto, o extrato hidroalcoólico de L. usitatissimum apresenta potencial como alternativa à terapêutica na pós-menopausa, pois mostrou efeitos em parâmetros citológicos e tecido adiposo, sem estimular tecidos mamário e endometrial.
Altfeld, Laura F. "Interspecific interactions among common insects of the salt myrtle, Baccharis halimifolia L. (Asteraceae)." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001578.
Full textBerville, Laurence. "La fourmi d’Argentine (Linepithema humile) face à une fourmi dominante du genre Tapinoma en milieu insulaire : écologie chimique, comportement et dynamique d’invasion." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4324.
Full textThe Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) is one of the world's worst invasive species. We used various analyses to determine its invasion pattern on the Provence coast, confirming the presence of a second supercolony. Chemical and behavioral analyses of worker interactions on the supercolony border identified a peaceful border zone. When biological invasion occurs, biotic resistance is often ecosystems' last defense. Could a dominant ant from Tapinoma genus resist L. humile invasion? To demonstrate this possibility, we conducted both laboratory and in natura experiements. Besides the invaded Mediterranean coast, we selected four nearby islands, two of which were found to contain both L. humile and Tapinoma spp. Identification of Mediterranean Tapinoma being controversial, we used both morphological and chemical analyses to ensure reliable discrimination. On the coast, we found T. erraticum, T. madeirense and T. nigerrimum. In natura, on Ratonneau Island, two-year field monitoring showed a slow rate of Argentine ant invasion and even retreat, faced with T. nigerrimum. T. nigerrimum colonies seem to block L. humile invasion. Laboratory behavioral studies between nests of T. nigerrimum and L. humile confirm T. nigerrimum's ability to stand up to Argentine ants: T. nigerrimum workers protect and defend their territories better, even taking over Argentine ant nests
Sacoman, Juliana Lessa. "Atividade anticancer e mecanismo de morte celular dos extratos brutos e frações de Anacardium humile St. Hill. (Anacardiaceae) e Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miquel (Piperaceae)." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317628.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os primeiros registros históricos da humanidade já relatavam o uso.de plantas para tratamento de diversos males e, com o aprimoramento dos estudos e técnicas de purificação, isolamento e identificação dos princípios ativos, foi possível o desenvolvimento de medicamentos para utilização em diversas patologias, inclusive na quimioterapia do câncer. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade anticâncer de duas espécies da flora brasileira, Anacardium humile St. Hil. e Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miquel, de uso medicinal popular. Os extratos brutos diclorometânico (EBD) e etanólico (EBE) das folhas dessas espécies foram avaliados em ensaio de citotoxicidade in vitro em cultura de células tumorais humanas. Como o EBD de P. umbellata apresentou o melhor perfil de atividade in vitro, foi selecionado para avaliação em modelo de câncer murino, o tumor ascítico de Ehrlich. Nesse modelo, esse extrato apresentou atividade anti-tumoral dose dependente e, com isso, a identificação dos princípios responsáveis por essa atividade tomou-se fundamental. Desse modo, o EBD foi submetido a diversos procedimentos cromatográficos, sendo as frações obtidas biomonitoradas pelo teste de citotoxicidade. Esse procedimento permitiu a identificação de duas frações com elevada potência e seletividade anticâncer, sendo que na primeira fração (A) foram identificados derivados do ácido oxálico e na segunda (C), esteróides e triterpenos. A indução de morte celular por apoptose, avaliada por imunocitoquímica, foi significativa nas células UACC-62, OVCAR-3 e NCIADR/ RES quando tratadas pela fração A e nas células UACC-62, OVCAR-3 e 786-0, quando tratadas pela fração C. Uma outra fração (B), constituída principalmente do composto 4-nerolidilcatecol, não apresentou atividade anticâncer significativa. Esses resultados estimulam a continuidade dos estudos com a P. umbellata, com o objetivo de identificar os princípios ativos, determinar o mecanismo de ação anticâncer e comprovar sua atividade em modelos experimentais de câncer in vivo
Abstract: Plants are used in folk medicine since old times of human history, and improvements in techonology, research, purification techniques, isolation and identification of active principIes have allowed the discovery and development of new molecules as drugs for terapheutics of many diseases, such as cancer. This work aimed the evaluation of the anticancer activity of two Brazilian species, Anacardium humile St. Hil. and Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miquel, used in folk medicine. Dichlorometanic (DCE) and ethanolic (ECE) crude extracts obtained from leaves of both species were tested in an in vitro citotoxicity assay against human cancer celllines. As long as P. umbellata's DCE showed the best anticancer activity profile, it was also evaluated in a murine cancer model, the Ehrlich Ascite Tumor (EAT). In this experiment, DCE also demonstrated a dose response relationship anticancer activity; therefore the isolation and identification of the active principIe responsible for that activity became the major focus of this work. As a result, DCE was submitted to many cromatographic procedures which were bioguided by the anticancer assay in vitro. This chromatographic purifications permitted identification of two main fractions with high potency and selectivity: fraction A consitituted by oxalic acid derivatives, and fraction C by steroids and triterpenes. The quantification of apoptosis induction by immuncytochemical analysis were significant for UACC-62, OVCAR-3 and NCI-ADR/ RES celllines treated with fraction A, whereas UACC-62, OVCAR-3 and 786- o cells lines went to apoptosis when exposed to fraction C. A third fraction, denominated fraction B, was rich in 4-nerolidylcathecol, widely knowm for this plant specie, and did not show any significative anticancer activity. These results encouraged following up on studies with P. umbellata, priorizing the identification of active principIes, the determination of anticancer mechanism of action and to prove the anticancer activity in experimental cancer models in vivo
Mestrado
Biologia Celular
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Sagné, Valérie. "L' identité de la personne humaine." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10018.
Full textHuman person's identity being both dependent on the public and private life, it is split between objectivism and subjectivism. As identity aims at people's individualization, objective criteria as well as constraining and strict procedures are used. The individual's duty is to identify with society. Identity is felt as everyone's unicity and otherness and therefore it is the centre of several claims that put the recognition of the identity specificities forward. The individual calls for his/her own identity to be respected. The subjectivist movement has left traces on the definition of identity such as surname, sex and filiation whereas the legal definition of the notion still hesitates between the instrument of society and the individual rights. Because of these important uncertainties concerning the individual rights, because civil equality is at risk and law cannot become personal, particular and relative, law must resist and react to this subjectivism moving into the juridical science
Durrive, Louis Triby Emmanuel Schwartz Yves. "L' expérience des normes formation, éducation et activité humaine /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/00000513.
Full textDurrive, Louis. "L' expérience des normes : Formation, éducation et activité humaine." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2006/DURRIVE_Louis_2006.pdf.
Full textAccording to Canguilhem, experience of norms is peculiar to the human being : “every man wants to be reason for his norms”. A man's work cannot be fully foreseen as an automaton's task in spite of the organization attempts. The worker actually takes a stand on the proposed norm. He necessarily has a singular viewpoint. In the lexicon of ergology, this ability towards the norms is called “activity”. Our study analyses the consequences of this concept to vocational training and education. Our hypothesis rules out any mechanical effect of a normative environment. In this way of thinking, we can try to explain : a) the difficulties coming to the beginners with the basic skills and social integration ; b) the relation to knowledge among the young people seen as “uneducable” ; c) the need to retie the effort of knowing and the effort of living ; d) the importance of distinguishing the human competences from the machine's performance. Experience of norms – or “activity” – is not immediately expressed with structured speech. It is a real task to help someone to formulate his viewpoint. It requires both exactness and listening to perceive unforeseeable life. We suggest a method to interview people at work about their personal activity. It features two steps called “location” and “deep rooting in time”. We discover through the interview there are debates on values between activity and knowledge because the man never obeys orders like a computer does. To practise discovering one's own activity is a way not only to make learning easier but also to gain autonomy
Rayé, Nathalie. "L' appréhension de la dignité humaine par le droit pénal." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0052.
Full textThe apprehension of human dignity by criminal law aims at analyzing integration in the legal order of a concept deprived of rational definition originally external to law because of philosophical and religious influences. Human dignity has recently invested law, also, and far beyond the doctrinal controversies, it was necessary to take interest in concrete ways in this legal integration. This analysis allows proving the irreducible dedication of human dignity. Even if internal criminal law is the main point of studies in this. Thesis, supra national law in the meaning of human rights should not be occulted regarding on its influence on the penal matter. The place of dignity in human rights allows assuring its conceptualization in law. In fact, criminal law will must devote human dignity in order to produce effects in law. This irreducible conceptualization of human dignity results in looking for an effective penal protection. Two protections appear complementary and tend to the humanization of criminal law, one is objective while the other, more contemporary, is subjective. Even if objective penal protection remains insufficient in the law matter because of the discovered limits restricting effective protection despite all extension of human dignity, the increasing humanization of the subject allows highlighting a protection which becomes subjective. Although this penal protection of dignity is desirable because it allows to take into account the individual as a person, it also appears problematic if limits to the extension of the conceptual contents are not stopped
Pitt, Joel Peter William. "Modelling the spread of invasive species across heterogeneous landscapes." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/912.
Full textChung, Ye Young. "L' irreprésentable de "La comédie humaine" d'Honoré de Balzac : psychanalyse de l'image." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082487.
Full textIn Balzac,'s La Comédie humaine, the narrative is subordinated to visual images: the image is a condensation of phantasms made of mnemonic traces, and narrative is the ‘secondary elaboration' of these primary data. The drive to see and to know are inherent to the image and the narrative, which tend towards the elucidation of the original object of phantasm. We have relied on psychoanalysis theory to disentangle the knots of desire and to follow the sinuous structure of the plot. But the narrative misses the object of the quest ; and anachronism proves to be the main characteristic of the image. We have then examined how the object survives in this image, though never submitting to representation. Nevertheless the balzacian representation is a dynamic process : it seeks and creates its vanishing object at each moment. The novel is built in this movement, as a vestige of the objet's passage
Chaix, de Lavarène Brice. "L' échantillonnage spatio-chromatique dans la rétine humaine et les caméras numériques." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10217.
Full textIt is now well established that the human color vision is allowed by the presence of three types of photoreceptors, sensitive respectively to the short, middle and long wavelengths of light. The presence of these three classes of samplers inducts a perceptive colour space of three dimensions. It is for instance possible to repoduce any colour using three basic colours, cal- led primary colours. Besides, psycho-physics experiments show that the human visual system builds three perceptive channels from the retinal image sampled by the cones. One conveys the achromatic information, called luminance, and the two others convey the colour oppositions red minus green and blue minus yellow. However, the visual system faces a dramatic problem since at each spatial position in the retina, only one sort of cone is present. Consequently, each cone measures both luminance and color information. The mecanism transforming this ambiguous retinal image into three disctinct channels is still not clear, especially when considering the random arrangement of the cones. We propose a model of estimation of the luminance and colour opposition channels. This models applies to any spatial arrangement of the photoreceptors. We also discuss its implica- tions for the retinal processing of colour. This model also applies, in an effective manner, to single-sensor cameras, which are confronted to the same spatio-chromatic sampling issue
De, Smedt Florence. "Etude du rôle fonctionnel de l'inositol (1,4,5) trisphosphate 5-phosphatase de type l." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212111.
Full textBezci, Engin. "L' éthique du sujet dans l' oeuvre romanesque d' André Malraux." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1012.
Full textAs of the second half of the 19th century, European civilisation experienced a series of crises which provoked a wide moral and intellectual crises. This resulted in a general confusion of ideas related to the great disaster and chaos of the tragic aftermath of history. Indeed at the end of the century, especially after the Great War, the panorama that lied before the world was one of despair and anguish: man whose God was dead and who lost the values that gave him a reason for living found himself alone, destabilized in a world that had collapsed around him. It is not surprising therefore that André Malraux and other authors of this generation are concerned more particularly with the question of man's identity and ethics. Through the characters of his novels, André Malraux proposes a certain image of man haunted by the human condition, and develops an ethics which seeks to give a world delivered unto the absurd. The present study attempts to determine essential aspects of this ethics
Duclaux, Joëlle. "L' expérimentation du nouveau médicament sur l'homme : étude de droit comparé." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CLF1D025.
Full textSeassau, Claude. "Zola, le réalisme symbolique : lectures de L'Assommoir, Germinal et La Bête humaine." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE2012.
Full textBellenger, Pascale. "L' erreur humaine : élaboration d'un modèle représentationnel des risques dans le secteur agroalimentaire." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1548.
Full textMontero, Julian Félix Alejandro. "L' interleukine-6 et son récepteur en pathologie humaine : applications diagnostiques et intervention thérapeutique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22027.
Full textGaubert, Gilles. "Enantiosélectivité de la désoxycytidine kinase humaine et de la désoxyguanosine kinase humaine. Synthèse et étude enzymatique d'analogues d'énantiomérie L de la décitabine." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20161.
Full textAuxiette, Ginette. "Mille ans d'occupation humaine : mille ans d'élevage : l'exploitation des animaux du bronze final à l'augustéen dans la vallée de l'Aisne." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010589.
Full textDiachronic study of faunal remains from sites of late Bronze Age to Augustan date in the Aisne valley reveals changes in social, economic and cultural complexity, of general relevance for other areas of Western Europe. In the late Bronze Age, animal husbandry is based on a mixed economy. In late Hallstatt, there is a tendency towards "specialization" on some sites (meat production and secondary animal products), with the maintenance of a mixed economy on others. Data are poor in quantity, but one can suggest complementarity between sites and their integration in a complex economic system with control of production at the regional level. In early la Tene, the management of cattle and caprovines is interpreted in terms of complementary exploitation of the two species on the same site. La Tene, data interpretation is increasingly affected by the different types of feature studied, due to more complex settlement organization. On most sites there is an obvious trend in favor of pig keeping. Cattle rearing is orientated, depending on the site, either towards meat production alone or towards secondary products. Caprovine husbandry is essentially aimed at meat production. Analysis of ditches at Villeneuve -Saint-Germain shows that it is only from La Tene D2 onwards that there is large-scale, intensive beef production with the emergence of specialist butchers. This activity is restricted to a particular sector of the site where there is evidence for other crafts such as fur manufacture. Study of a separate residential sector at Villeneuve-Saint-Germain shows that herds of pig and caprovines were kept for domestic use, together with a few cattle that were not raised locally but were collectively managed
Loehr, Joël. "Répétitions et variations chez Malraux : 'La Condition humaine', 'L'Espoir'." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040187.
Full textThis study is focusing on 'La Condition humaine' and 'L'Espoir', borrows his research tools from the "poétique du récit" to analyse the "repetitions and variations" at work. .
Günther, Florian [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung zur immunmodulierenden Wirkung von Milchsaft aus Euphorbia mauritanica L. auf humane Hautzellen / Florian Günther." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1197725105/34.
Full textSchicht, Martin [Verfasser], G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Sawers, L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Bräuer, and W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Brand. "Humane Surfactant Proteine : Detektion und Charakterisierung / Martin Schicht. Betreuer: G. Sawers ; L. Bräuer ; W. Brand." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1035638029/34.
Full textRomero, Salas Tonatiuh. "Etude in vitro des interactions entre la protéine de réplication A humaine (hRPA) et l' ADN." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066542.
Full textStöber, Barbara. "Charakterisierung des Transportes der Aminosäuren L-[Methyl-3H]-Methionin (Met) und O-(2-[18F]fluorethyl)-L-Tyrosin (FET) in humane Lymphozyten, Makrophagen und Kolonkarzinomzellen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973390352.
Full textMorant-Lhomel, Anne. "Analyse d' un sous-domaine de la topoisomérase IIα (alpha) humaine impliqué dans la dimérisation de l' enzyme et la reconnaissance de l' ADN." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066530.
Full textLazar, Mehdi. "L' université : vers un renouveau de l'oekoumènisme." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010620.
Full textRolemberg, Farias Sergio Luis. "L' invention des identités noires dans le Nordeste brésilien." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30036.
Full textOne new sociological reality have started in the Brazilian after the 1980's years. We observe that the originality theses mobilizations consist in the fact that these have been based in discourse ethnic. In short worlds, this populations claiming the access the land throughout an ethnic belonging to Black slaves, cimarrones, that have been present during the colonial period. Since this moment, we have verified a mobilization that culminates in the recognition institutional of communities traditional. Before, theses populations there were politically nonexistences, today they represent more of five millions of people. It is interesting to note that the strategy employed by these communities reproduces the preceding mobilization of the peasants of Northwest which declare themselves populations autochtones and in the 1980's years also are recognized by the State like traditional populations. Analyzing the significance of these transformations of categories, we made an ethnographic study about Mocambo the Porto da Folha localized in Brazilian Northwest. Our propose is analyze the significance of change theses categories. So we need explain as they construct their identity, as well as the incidences on the production of the ethnic language in Brazil
Suc, Sylvie. "Amélioration génétique de la teneur en protéines du soja (Glycine max L. Merr. )." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT027A.
Full textRuelas, Rubén. "Intégration de l'expertise humaine en modélisation et identification floues de systèmes." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10281.
Full textThis thesis deals with the modeling and identification of systems using the fuzzy sets theory. The focus is on the modeling of a system when not enough data is available about its behavior and in which a human being participates either as a sensor or as an expert. The first section is devoted to fuzzy modeling based on expert knowledge from experts, who know the functioning of the system to be modeled, or from the designer. In the first case, the fuzzification process has be studied in order to take into account the linguistic information. Making use of linguistic modifiers we propose to the experts two notions, precision and derivation, with the intention that they express their knowledge. In the first part of this work, we mainly use the aspect of precision for the construction of a fuzzy model. In the last part, the notion of derivation is used. Finally, we present a study demonstrating the influence of the fuzzy sets shape on functions approximation. Since we are mainly interested in fuzzy models with crisp outputs, the second part of this work is focused on defuzzification. After studying tlte theoretical basis of defuzzification, we specify the different objectives of the process with a classification according to different methods presented in the literature. Depending on the defuzzification method, this consists of a conversion from the fuzzy domain to a numerical one, a conversion with preferences, an optimized conversion according to a criterion, or a conversion under constraints. Following the classification, we propose three defuzzification methods to exploit the coded information of the output fuzzy set which correspond to the expert knowledge of the model output variable. The last section addresses the identification of the rules of a fuzzy model, particularly when the observations of the behavior's system are uncertain and imprecise. This method is used for the identification of fuzzy rules in the comfort evaluation of automobile seats. With this industrial application, we demonstrate the role of human operators, either as sensors or as experts, in the evaluation process. Finally, we have applied our method to the identification of the relationship between discomforts and seat characteristics
Housiau, Pascal. "La dépendance contextuelle des processus perceptifs : construction de l'"identité humaine" et anticipation des interactions menaçantes." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100156.
Full textThe aim was to test the hypothesis that cognitive modalities which determine the construction of human nature would be specific insofar as they stem from processes that are based on ideological beliefs and functioning. Four experiments enabled us to discredit this hypothesis by showing that cognitive processes, activated whilst dealing with situations concerning the representations of man or that of an animal, stem more likely from individual causes relative to interactive situations and to the anticipation of a territorial threat The firsi experiment came from our initial idea, that in individualspecies relations, an "ontem" is in play for man but not for animals, so much so that the cognitive modalities of the construction of the representation of man were the opposite of those creating the representation of an animal. A second experiment placed the hypothesis in the paradigm of asymmetries in situations where both are present. We again noted that the processes are différent for man and for animals. In a third experiment we included the concept of a territorial threat and tested if what is true for a bird is also true when the animal considered is threatening : a bull. The results were found true for a bird, but the results found for a bull are identical to those results that founded the human model, therefore the problem was reformulated insisting this time on the importance of competitive interactions rather than on general processes at work in the perception of man and of animals. In fact, when we carried out the first experiment again, replacing deer by wolves (fourth experiment), the animal model is inverted and appears close to the human model. The interest of distinguishing between an objective and symbolic threat is shown in a fifth experiment
Chuchana, Paul. "Production par génie génétique de l'alpha-l-antitrypsine humaine : clonage moléculaire, procédé de purification industrialisable, approche informatique." Bordeaux 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR22033.
Full textTurgeon, Genevi??ve. "Influence de l'anthropisation sur l'??cologie du raton laveur (Procyon lotor)." Mémoire, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/50.
Full textBoutboul, François David Philippe. "Nouveaux aspects de l' homéostasie lymphocytaire T au cours de l' infection VIH mis en évidence par microarrays." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066008.
Full textElisé, Marie-France. "Influence d'un microclimat humide sur le fonctionnement du porte-graines et la qualité germinative des semences de pois protéagineux (Pisum sativum l. )." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS007.
Full textSmanio-Renaud, Véronique. "Etude des mécanismes de Fragilisation Par l'Hydrogène des aciers non alliés en milieu H2S humide : contribution de l'émission acoustique." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0129/these.pdf.
Full textMany steel equipments used in oil and gas industry are subjected to wet H2S cracking. In order to improve the understanding of this type of cracking, Acoustic Emission (AE) was used for the monitoring of steels exposed to wet H2S. AE related to both most important crackin modes in this media, i. E. , Hydrogen lnduced Cracking (HIC} and Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC), were discriminated from the other AE sources signals (H2 evolution, iron sulfide layer formation). Using this methodology, real-time monitoring of cracking is possible, offering new insights into the kinetics of cracking, and into the impact of several parameters on the different steps of cracking. A better understanding of the different cracking mechanisms is another output of this study. From the comparisons between different steel grades exposed to H2S environments with or without applied load allows, different cracking modes can be clearly distinguished: HIC vs. SWC (Step Wise Cracking), and SSC vs. SOHIC (Stress Oriented Hydrogen lnduced Cracking)
Barantal, Sandra. "Diversité des litières et cycles biogéochimiques en forêt tropicale humide." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20052/document.
Full textThe high tree species diversity in Amazonian rainforest translates into a high variation of leaf litter quality input to the soil. These inputs constitute a major resource of nutrients and energy for saprophageous organisms, particularly in tropical rainforests growing on old and highly weathered soils and consequently impoverished in rock-derived mineral nutrients. However the consequences of such leaf litter heterogeneity for belowground functioning are still poorly understood. In this thesis, I aim to develop a better mechanistic understanding of leaf litter quality effects and litter diversity on decomposition. Using a factorial fertilization of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and a wide range of leaf litter C : N : P stoichiometries (derived from different tree species) in French Guiana rainforest and in laboratory, I aim to assess the nature and the extent of energetic and nutritional constraints imposed by litter quality on decomposer activities. Although the litter mass loss in this study system is greatly explained by the litter C quality, suggesting a strong control of energy availability on decomposition, external C additions do not alleviate this apparent energetic constraint. However, I find that litter decomposition is conjointly limited by N and P and that the extent of this NP co-limitation is widely related to leaf litter P content and to litter N : P stoichiometry. Thus, even if P appears more profoundly limiting in this system (in accordance to the well-recognized P deficiency hypothesis in tropical rainforest), the litter N access seems also constrain the decomposition. Moreover, I find significant litter diversity effects in litter mixtures and most of them are synergistics (observed mass loss in mixture was more often higher than predicted mass loss on the basis of single species decomposition). These litter diversity effects are largely higher in presence of soil fauna and increase with stoichiometric dissimilarity in mixtures. In other words, the association of stoichiometrically dissimilar litter appear promote a better nutritional balance for the saprophageaous fauna, and thus, stimulate the decomposition. Finally, I show that synergistic effects in mixtures are reinforced toward long-term presence of tree species contributing to the litter mixtures. This result suggest that complementarity effects on mixed litter decomposition may emerge through long-term interactions between aboveground and belowground biota
Bruneau, Gilles. "Études structurales et localisations chromosomiques des gènes de la L-DOPA décarboxylase de rat et de l'histidine décarboxylase humaine." Paris 12, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA120022.
Full textGoujard, Cécile. "La primo infection à VIH-1 : caractéristiques cliniques et immunologiques et étude de leur impact en terme de décision thérapeutique." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066509.
Full textJacquemoud, Clémentine Combescure Alain Verriest Jean-Pierre. "Caractérisation mécanique et modélisation du comportement jusqu'à rupture de membranes biologiques fibreuses application à la peau humaine /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2008. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=jacquemoud.
Full textJacquemoud, Clémentine. "Caractérisation mécanique et modélisation du comportement jusqu'à rupture de membranes biologiques fibreuses : application à la peau humaine." Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0113/these.pdf.
Full textFocusing on planar and fibrous soft tissues, this work has consisted in determining both the mechanical properties and the failure characteristics of the human skin, in loading conditions close to an impact. In the experimental study, the results have pointed out the relationship between some micro structural parameters of the tissue and the mechanical properties measured at the macroscopic scale. According to this micro/macro dependency, a constitutive law, including structural parameters related to the fibres, has been implemented in a finite element model. The main advantage of such a model is to more locally simulate the tissue behaviour and its failure. The experiments on the human skin bring original and more precise data than classical studies. On the one hand, a heterogeneous strain field has clearly appeared and its heterogeneity has been quantified thanks to a full field measurement technique adapted to the skin. On the other hand, at the microscopic scale, the collagen fibre orientations have been determined and linked to different rupture mechanisms. The first simulations on the human skin have pointed out the importance of using a structural constitutive law in order to model complex physical phenomenon (heterogeneous strain field, gradual rupture of the tissue). Being easily suitable for any planar and fibrous soft tissues, both the testing methodology and the finite element model present interesting perspectives for tissues that are severely injured in automotive collisions. Then, considering individual diversity, such a structural approach will enable to personalize models as structural parameters are everyone's identity
Maharzi, Nesrine. "Etude moléculaire des étapes précoces de la thymopoïése humaine. Caractérisation fonctionnelle des protéines AF1q et TMEM131L." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077248.
Full textVercaigne, Dominique. "L'[alpha] 1-antiprotéase humaine : étude "in vitro" des interactions avec des sérine-protéases leucocytaires et pancréatiques humaines : intérêt physiopathologique." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10068.
Full textBarde, Isabelle. "Vecteurs dérivés du virus de l' immunodéficience humaine de type 1 (VIH-1) pour le transfert de gène dans les cellules souches hématopoïétiques : mécanismes d' entrée et contrôle de l' expression." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077054.
Full textVarin, Mathieu. "Cartographie de trois fonctions ??cologiques des milieux humides ?? l???aide d???indicateurs spatiaux dans un contexte d???aide ?? la d??cision." Mémoire, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/81.
Full textRichard, Pascale. "L' Apolipoprotéine E humaine : étude de son polymorphisme génétique dans les implications physiopathologiques : contribution à la construction d'un système d'expression hétérologue." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28362.
Full textSuremain, Marie-Albane de. "L' Afrique en revues : le discours africaniste français, des sciences coloniales aux sciences sociales (anthropologie, ethnologie, géographie humaine, sociologie), 1919-1964." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070043.
Full textThe africanist discourse produced by anthropology, ethnology, human geography and sociology, from the end of First world war, i. E. The apogee of colonization, and the beginning of the 1960s, when the African territories became independent is part of the "colonial library" we inherited and which is still conditioning our present vision of Africa. That's why it's important to elaborate a critical history of it, examining the relationship between the colonial power and the construction of this scientific discourse, all the more since these representations of Africa were used to legitimate the colonial policy. This africanist discourse was produced in the 1920s mainly by the people who were in charge of the colonial authority and amateurs, with no consistent education in any of these scientific disciplines. From the 1930s on, a certain professionalization of this scientific discourse was made possible as academic networks and institutions were built, with more autonomy from the colonial power. The fieldwork became a legitimising criterion of this scientific knowledge and the monography was the dominant form of scientific writing. The 1950s are a strong cut in this history. Professional scholars proposed a new vision of Africa, in radical rupture with the dominating stereotypes of Africanise discourse. The focus on the colonial situation of Africa enabled them to reread the social relationships and the territorial organization in Africa, to show the modernity of the continent and to bring out a political vision of it. The organization of research in cultural areas in the 1950s increased the number of Africanise scholars but, due to the compartmentalization it created, it didn't totally erase the risk to have an exotic approach of Africa
Tadayyon, Ali, Sedigheh Beheshti, and Mohammad Pessarakli. "Effects of sprayed humic acid, iron, and zinc on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of niger plant ( Guizotia abyssinica L.)." Taylor & Francis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626135.
Full textPoirier, Karine. "ARX, un nouveau gène de retard mental lié à l' X : expression spatio-temporelle et aspects cliniques, génétiques et cellulaires." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066538.
Full textDeparis, Véronique. "Étude et maîtrise d'éléments clés du procédé de production de l'[alpha]1,3/4 fucosyltransférase humaine par le système baculovirus / cellules d'insectes." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL022N.
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