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Gani, Millawati, Jeffrine J. Rovie-Ryan, Frankie Thomas Sitam, Noor Azleen Mohd Kulaimi, Chew Cheah Zheng, Aida Nur Atiqah, Nur Maisarah Abd Rahim, and Ahmad Azhar Mohammed. "Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes." ZooKeys 1076 (December 8, 2021): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262.
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Conservation translocation and reintroduction for the purpose of repopulating and reinforcing extirpated or depleted populations has been recognised as an important conservation tool, particularly for gibbon conservation in the immediate future. Feasibility assessments involving multiple factors, including taxonomic and genetic assessment of rescued and captive gibbons, are imperative prior to translocation and reintroduction programmes. In this study, we attempt to determine the subspecies and origin of captive Hylobates lar, White-handed gibbons, from Peninsular Malaysia to assist in future translocation and reintroduction programmes. A total of 12 captive and rescued H. lar samples were analysed using the control region segment of mitochondrial DNA. Sequence analyses and phylogenetic trees constructed using neighbour-joining, maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and network methods congruently differentiate all 12 captive individuals used in this study from other H. lar subspecies suggesting that these individuals belong to the H. lar lar subspecies. In addition, two populations of H. l. lar were observed: (1) a southern population consisting of all 12 individuals from Peninsular Malaysia, and (2) a possible northern population represented by three individuals (from previous studies), which might have originated from the region between the Isthmus of Kra, Surat Thani-Krabi depression, and Kangar-Pattani. Our findings suggest that the complete control region segment can be used to determine the subspecies and origin of captive H. lar.
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Hoksbergen, René A. C. "Intercountry Adoption, Policies, Practices, and Outcomesby Judith L. Gibbons and Karen Smith Rotabi (Eds.)." Adoption Quarterly 17, no. 3 (July 3, 2014): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926755.2014.910350.
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Butterfield, Alice K. "Intercountry adoption: Policies, practices, and outcomes, by J. L. Gibbons and K. S. Rotabi." Journal of Community Practice 24, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2016.1165591.
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Harris, Perlita. "Intercountry Adoption: Policies, practices and outcomes by Judith L Gibbons and Karen Smith Rotabi (eds)." Adoption & Fostering 37, no. 3 (October 2013): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575913501620.
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Sorensen, Eli Park. "Intercountry Adoption: Policies, Practices, and Outcomes edited by Judith L. Gibbons and Karen SmithRotabi. 2012: Surrey, UK, Ashgate. ISBN: 978 1 4094 1054 6." International Journal of Social Welfare 22, no. 4 (August 11, 2013): 440–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12039.
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BOUCHAREB, A., M. RAMÓN MEDRANO, and N. G. SÁNCHEZ. "SEMICLASSICAL (QUANTUM FIELD THEORY) AND QUANTUM (STRING) DE SITTER REGIMES: NEW RESULTS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 16, no. 06 (June 2007): 1053–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271807010596.
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We compute the quantum string entropy S s (m, H) from the microscopic string density of states ρ s (m, H) of mass m in de Sitter space–time. We find for high m (high Hm → c/α') a new phase transition at the critical string temperature T s = (1/2πk B )L cl c2/α', higher than the flat space (Hagedorn) temperature t s (L cl = c/H, the Hubble constant H acts at the transition, producing a smaller string constant α' and thus, a higher tension). T s is the precise quantum dual of the semiclassical (QFT Hawking–Gibbons) de Sitter temperature T sem = ħ c/(2πk B L cl ). By precisely identifying the semiclassical and quantum (string) de Sitter regimes, we find a new formula for the full de Sitter entropy S sem (H), as a function of the usual Bekenstein–Hawking entropy [Formula: see text]. For L cl ≫ ℓ Planck , i.e. for low [Formula: see text] is the leading term, but for high H near c/ℓ Planck , a new phase transition operates and the whole entropy S sem (H) is drastically different from the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy [Formula: see text]. We compute the string quantum emission cross-section σ string by a black hole in de Sitter (or asymptotically de Sitter) space–time (bhdS). For T sem bhdS ℓ T s (early evaporation stage), it shows the QFT Hawking emission with temperature T sem bhdS (semiclassical regime). For T sem bhdS → T s , σ string exhibits a phase transition into a string de Sitter state of size [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and string de Sitter temperature T s . Instead of featuring a single pole singularity in the temperature (Carlitz transition), it features a square root branch point (de Vega–Sanchez transition). New bounds on the black hole radius r g emerge in the bhdS string regime: it can become r g = L s /2, or it can reach a more quantum value, r g = 0.365 ℓ s .
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CALDER, DALE R., and ANUSCHKA FAUCCI. "Shallow water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the 2002 NOWRAMP cruise to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands." Zootaxa 5085, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 1–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5085.1.1.
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Forty-two species of hydroids, excluding stylasterids, are reported in the present collection from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Of these, four are anthoathecates and 38 are leptothecates. Among the latter, Sertularella affinicostata and Monotheca gibbosa are described as new species. The binomen Halopteris longibrachia is proposed as a new replacement name for Plumularia polymorpha var. sibogae Billard, 1913, an invalid junior primary homonym of P. sibogae Billard, 1911. Based largely on evidence from earlier molecular phylogenies, the genus Disertasia Neppi, 1917 is resurrected to accommodate species including Dynamena crisioides Lamouroux, 1824, Sertularia disticha Bosc, 1802, and Sia. moluccana Pictet, 1893. Sertularella robusta Coughtrey, 1876 is an invalid junior primary homonym of Sla. gayi var. robusta Allman, 1874a, and has been replaced here by the binomen Sla. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928, originally described as Sla. robusta var. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928. Clytia hummelincki (Leloup, 1935) is referred to the synonymy of its senior subjective synonym, C. brevithecata (Thornely, 1900). Following Reversal of Precedence provisions in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to preserve prevailing usage of binomena, the familiar names Sia. disticha Bosc, 1802 (also known as Dynamena disticha) and Lytocarpia phyteuma (Stechow, 1919b) are designated nomena protecta and assigned precedence over their virtually unknown senior synonyms Hydra quinternana Bosc, 1797 and Aglaophenia clavicula Whitelegge, 1899, respectively, names now reduced to the status of nomena oblita. Twenty species are reported for the first time from Hawaii [Eudendrium merulum Watson, 1985, Phialellidae (undetermined), Hebella sp., Hebellopsis scandens (Bale, 1888), H. sibogae Billard, 1942, Clytia brevithecata, C. linearis (Thornely, 1900), C. cf. noliformis (McCrady, 1859), Halecium sp., Sla. affinicostata, Sla. angulosa Bale, 1894, Pasya heterodonta (Jarvis, 1922), Tridentata orthogonalis (Gibbons & Ryland, 1989), Pycnotheca producta (Bale, 1881), Monotheca gibbosa, H. longibrachia, A. postdentata Billard, 1913, A. suensonii Jäderholm, 1896, A. whiteleggei Bale, 1888, and L. flexuosa (Lamouroux, 1816)]. Sertularia orthogonalis, reported for only the third time worldwide, is assigned to the genus Tridentata Stechow, 1920. Hydroids of the NOWRAMP 2002 collection consisted largely of presumptive widespread species, with over 75% of them having been reported elsewhere in the tropical Indo-west Pacific region.
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Deshmukh, Siddharth, Pradnya Kanekar, and Rama Bhadekar. "PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM MARINE MODERATELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIUM HALOMONAS SMYRNENSIS SVD III." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 10 (October 2, 2017): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i10.20935.
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Objective: To study 1) Optimization of nutritional and environmental parameters to enhance the yield of EPS by Halomonas smyrnensis SVD III isolated from seawater, West Coast of Maharashtra, India and 2) Purification and characterization of the EPS produced.Methods: The isolate was grown in Sehgal and Gibbons (SG) medium broth supplemented with 3% glucose, at 37 °C, 120 rpm for 7 d. Optimization of different parameters was carried out with one factor at a time approach. EPS was isolated from cell-free supernatant of the culture broth by centrifugation and precipitation using chilled ethanol, after removal of proteins by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) treatment. Characterization of the purified EPS was carried out with respect to fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis.Results: Two-fold increase in the yield of EPS (23 g/l) by the selected isolate was obtained by using culture conditions as 10% inoculum size having cell density of 107 cells/ml, pH 6, incubation temperature 45 °C, 3% carbohydrate, 0.5% yeast extract as nitrogen source, 20% salt concentration and 7 d of incubation period. Characterization of the purified EPS suggested the presence of dominated glycosidic linkages and heptasaccharide nature of the molecule. As the present strain is halophilic, 20% NaCl was found to be optimum.Conclusion: Optimization studies resulted in two-fold increase in the yield of EPS which is of heptasaccharide nature.
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Hosokawa, Y., and T. Miki-Noumura. "Bending motion of Chlamydomonas axonemes after extrusion of central-pair microtubules." Journal of Cell Biology 105, no. 3 (September 1, 1987): 1297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.105.3.1297.
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Relatively little is known about the functions of central-pair microtubules (Tamm, S. L., and G. A. Horridge, 1970, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B, 175: 219-233; Omoto, C. K., and C. Kung, 1979, Nature (Lond.). 279:532-534) and radial spokes (Warner, F. D., and P. Satir, 1974, J. Cell Biol., 63:35-63), although a sliding microtubule mechanism has been established for the flagellar movement (Summers, K. E., and I. R. Gibbons, 1971, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 68:3092-3096). In the present report, an attempt was made to determine the functions of central-pair microtubules in flagellar motility. Central-pair microtubules were found to extrude from the tips of elastase-digested axonemes of demembranated Chlamydomonas flagella after the addition of ATP. The length of the extruded central-pair microtubules was approximately 70-100% that of the axoneme. After extrusion, axonemes continued to swim slowly backwards in the reactivation medium, with a trailing central pair attached like a tail to the flagellar tip. During bending movement of the axonemes, partially extruded central pairs rotated counterclockwise about the axoneme axis, as viewed from the distal end (Kamiya, R., 1982, Cell Motil. [Suppl.]:169-173). Axonemes swam backwards with a symmetric waveform and a beat frequency of approximately 10 Hz in the reactivation medium containing 10(-9)-10(-4) M Ca ions. Even at a lower Ca++ concentration, no ciliary-type swimming was noted on the axonemes.
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Le Quesne, L. P. "Management of diabetic foot problems. George P. Kozak, Carl S. Hoar Jr, John L. Rowbotham, Frank C. Wheelock, Gary W. Gibbons and David Campbell. 265 × 185 mm. Pp. 250 + xvii. Illustrated. 1984. Eastbourne: W. B. Saunders. £43.50." British Journal of Surgery 72, no. 2 (February 1985): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800720248.
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Белозёрова, Елена Юрьевна. "COGNITIVE ASPECT OF ANALYSIS OF MODERN ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS." Tomsk state pedagogical university bulletin, no. 5(211) (September 7, 2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/1609-624x-2020-5-80-87.
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Введение. Проведен анализ 475 современных фразеологических единиц, которые способствуют формированию фразеологической картины мира. Рассматривается взаимосвязь семантики и формы фразеологических единиц, обусловленной ситуацией общения. Фразеология языка как часть языковой картины мира входит в рамки исследования когнитивной лингвистики. Цель статьи – выявить и описать современные фразеологические единицы как пример иносказательного выражения в процессе коммуникации для достижения определенных когнитивных целей. Материал и методы. Материалом исследования послужили современные художественные тексты (Under My Skin, The Door That Led To Where, End Game, Liccle Bit, The Art of Being Normal, 2015 г.). Примеры были получены при прочтении художественной прозы современных британских авторов (J. Dawson, S. Gardner, A. Gibbons, A. Wheatle, L. Williamson) методом сплошной выборки. Результаты и обсуждение. Проведенный анализ позволил рассмотреть когнитивный аспект фразеологических единиц. Установлено, что широкий подход к изучению фразеологии расширяет границы фразеологического учения и позволяет рассмотреть больше структурно-семантических форм фразеологических единиц. Рассмотрены и проанализированы следующие современные фразеологические единицы: фразеологизмы, дериваты фразеологизмов и авторские образования. Семантические особенности дериватов фразеологизмов и авторских образований анализируются в рамках современной фразеологии английского языка. Показано, что структурная сложность фразеологизма основывается на когнитивном аспекте его семантической структуры. Заключение. Проведенный анализ позволил выявить структурный диапазон фразеологизмов и рассмотреть их преобразовательные процессы согласно семантики и ситуативного употребления. Исследование показывает, что модификация фразеологических структур и введение в употребление новых оборотов идиоматического характера (дериватов фразеологизмов и авторских образований) обусловлены лингвокультурными потребностями в выражении социума. Все анализируемые современные фразеологические единицы английского языка рассматриваются как оперативные единицы мышления настоящего времени и являются средством отражения языковой картины в целом. Языковая картина мира представляется отражением внешнего и внутреннего мира человека, его мышлением и речью. Современная фразеология английского языка отражает изменения человеческого осмысления, понимания и интерпретации внешнего мира. Фразеологическая единица имеет сложную структуру и относится к особой лингвистической категории, что обусловливает повышение интереса когнитивного исследования. Таким образом, изучение фразеологии на настоящем этапе следует фокусировать на соотношении: фразеологическая единица – значение – употребление. Introduction. The given analysis is about 475 modern phraseological units that contribute to the formation of the phraseological picture of the world. The study examines the relationship of semantics and the form of phraseological units, due to the situation of communication. The phraseology of a language as part of the linguistic picture of the world is included in the framework of the study of cognitive linguistics. Aim. This study is aimed at identifying and describing modern phraseological units, as an example of allegorical expression in the communication process to achieve certain cognitive goals. Material and methods. The presented empirical material in the article is an actual selection from a modern literary text (Under My Skin, The Door That Led To Where, End Game, Liccle Bit, The Art of Being Normal – 2015 publication). Examples were obtained by reading fiction of modern British authors (J. Dawson, S. Gardner, A. Gibbons, A. Wheatle, L. Williamson), by the method of continuous sampling. Results and discussion. The analysis allowed us to consider the cognitive aspect of phraseological units. It is established that a broad approach to the study of phraseology expands the boundaries of phraseological doctrine and allows you to consider more structural and semantic forms of phraseological units. The following modern phraseological units are considered and analyzed in the article: phraseological units, phraseological units derivatives and author formations. The semantic features of derivatives of phraseological units and copyright formations are analyzed in the framework of modern phraseology of the English language. It is shown that the structural complexity of phraseology is based on the cognitive aspect of its semantic structure. Conclusion. The analysis made it possible to identify the structural range of phraseological units and consider their transformative processes according to semantics and situational use. The study shows that the modification of phraseological structures and the introduction of new idiomatic phrases (derivatives of phraseological units and author’s idiomatic expressions) are due to linguistic and cultural needs in the expression of society. All analyzed modern phraseological units of the English language are considered as operational units of thinking of the present time and are a means of reflecting the linguistic picture as a whole. The linguistic picture of the world is a reflection of the external and internal world of a person, his thinking and speech. The modern phraseology of the English language reflects changes in human comprehension, understanding and interpretation of the outside world. The phraseological unit has a complex structure and belongs to a special linguistic category, which leads to an increase in the interest of cognitive research. Thus, the study of phraseology at this stage should be focused on the phraseological unit, its meaning and its usage.
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Ramkumar, Kavya, Azusa Tanimoto, C. Allison Stewart, Qi Wang, Li Shen, Robert J. Cardnell, B. Leticia Rodriguez, et al. "Abstract 2602: Combined inhibition of AXL and ATR enhances cell death and immune response in small cell lung cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2602.
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Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive lung tumor of neuroendocrine origin with a dismal 5-year survival rate. Despite high response rates to initial therapy, rapid development of therapeutic resistance limits overall survival. There are also limited treatment options, particularly in the relapsed setting. Our group and others have shown that AXL, a TAM family receptor tyrosine kinase that is highly expressed in mesenchymal tumors, mediates resistance to chemotherapy, radiation and targeted therapies in SCLC, non-small cell lung cancer and other cancers, through its roles in driving epithelial to mesenchymal transition and DNA damage repair. AXL has also been implicated in immune escape. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that AXL targeting may be a potential therapeutic approach in SCLC. We screened BGB324 (bemcentinib), a selective small-molecule AXL inhibitor in clinical trials for various advanced solid tumors, in a panel of 60 human SCLC cell lines using cell viability assays. The SCLC cell lines showed a range of sensitivities, with IC50 values ranging from 41 nM to 10 µM (median IC50 3.1 µM) with NeuroD1-driven SCLC cell lines being highly sensitive to BGB324 (ANOVA p<0.05). BGB324 also showed potent inhibition of tumor growth in an in vivo SCLC model. BGB324 further combined synergistically with an ATR inhibitor (AZD3738) and induces significant DNA damage. In a syngeneic model of SCLC, the combination of BGB324, AZD6738 and an anti-PDL1 antibody combination also induced significant tumor regression. Together, these promising findings show that AXL inhibition may be effective in SCLC and support further investigation of AXL and ATR inhibitor combinations with immune checkpoint blockade. Citation Format: Kavya Ramkumar, Azusa Tanimoto, C. Allison Stewart, Qi Wang, Li Shen, Robert J. Cardnell, B. Leticia Rodriguez, Don L. Gibbons, Jing Wang, Carl M. Gay, Lauren A. Byers. Combined inhibition of AXL and ATR enhances cell death and immune response in small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2602.
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Brait Narita, Franscinne, Cideli Coelho, and Bruna Scardoeli. "High Dilution in Leukopenia treatment in Dogs." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 21, no. 2 (September 26, 2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v21i2.1212.
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Background: Leukopenia is associated with the consumption of peripheral leukocytes, decreased production due to endotoxemia and septicemia, medullary hypoplasia, nutritional diseases or autoimmune reactions. In a case report by Narita et al, Echinacea angustifolia demonstrated the effectiveness of treatment of leukopenia in penguins. Aims: Report the evolution of homeopathic treatment in 5 dogs patients between 3 and 5 years old, presenting leukopenia. Methodology: The homeopathic treatment was chosen, based on the principle of similitude, using Echinacea angustifolia due to its immunostimulant action, that its evolution was analyzed by the blood test. The exposed information is consented by the tutors. Results: The same protocol was made for all of the patient, included 4 globules of Echinacea angustifolia 6 cH orally, every 12 hours for 30 days. The first dog attended on 07/21/2021, presented 4.000 leukocytes, which increased to 6.800 on 08/17/2021. The second patient attend on 12/07/2021 presented 4.700 leukocytes, increasing to 6.800 on 01/25/2022. The third patitent attended on 08/24/2021 presented 5.400 leukocyte, which increasing to 6.800 on 10/15/2021. The fourth patient presented 4.300 leukocytes on 01/13/2022, increasing to 5.500 on 02/11/2022. The fifth patient presented on 12/12/2021 4.600 leukocytes, increasing to 8.400 on 02/03/2022. Therefore, the mean of the first collection was 3.681 leukocytes and in the second there was a increased to 6.860 leukocytes (Mann Whitney, p= 0,0079). Conclusion: High dilution proves to be successful in the treatment of leukopenia without causing side effects. Keywords: Homeopathy, Leukopenia, Immunity, Dogs.
References:
Barnes, J.; Anderson, A.L.; Gibbons, S. Phillipson, D. Echinacea species (Echinacea angustifolia (DC.) Hell., Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt., Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench): a review of their chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. V 57, 2005.
Demarque, D.; Jouanny, J.; Poitevin, B.; Saint-Jean, Y. Farmacologia e Matéria Médica Homeopática. S. Paulo: Organon, 2009.
Narita, F.; Scardoeli, B.; Bartalini, C.; Neto, H.; Coelho, C. Poster presentation - World Congress of Veterinary Homeopathy IAVH Colombia, Treatment of leukopenia with Echinacea angustifolia in Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus), 2019.
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McMillan, J. N., and K. Tatchell. "The JNM1 gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for nuclear migration and spindle orientation during the mitotic cell cycle." Journal of Cell Biology 125, no. 1 (April 1, 1994): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.125.1.143.
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JNM1, a novel gene on chromosome XIII in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is required for proper nuclear migration. jnm1 null mutants have a temperature-dependent defect in nuclear migration and an accompanying alteration in astral microtubules. At 30 degrees C, a significant proportion of the mitotic spindles is not properly located at the neck between the mother cell and the bud. This defect is more severe at low temperature. At 11 degrees C, 60% of the cells accumulate with large buds, most of which have two DAPI staining regions in the mother cell. Although mitosis is delayed and nuclear migration is defective in jnm1 mutant, we rarely observe more than two nuclei in a cell, nor do we frequently observe anuclear cells. No loss of viability is observed at 11 degrees C and cells continue to grow exponentially with increased doubling time. At low temperature the large budded cells of jnm1 mutants exhibit extremely long astral microtubules that often wind around the periphery of the cell. jnm1 mutants are not defective in chromosome segregation during mitosis, as assayed by the rate of chromosome loss, or nuclear migration during conjugation, as assayed by the rate of mating and cytoduction. The phenotype of a jnm1 mutant is strikingly similar to that for mutants in the dynein heavy chain gene (Eshel, D., L. A. Urrestarazu, S. Vissers, J.-C. Jauniaux, J. C. van Vliet-Reedijk, R. J. Plants, and I. R. Gibbons. 1993. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:11172-11176; Li, Y. Y., E. Yeh, T. Hays, and K. Bloom. 1993. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:10096-10100). The JNM1 gene product is predicted to encode a 44-kD protein containing three coiled coil domains. A JNM1:lacZ gene fusion is able to complement the cold sensitivity and microtubule phenotype of a jnm1 deletion strain. This hybrid protein localizes to a single spot in the cell, most often near the spindle pole body in unbudded cells and in the bud in large budded cells. Together these results point to a specific role for Jnm1p in spindle migration, possibly as a subunit or accessory protein for yeast dynein.
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Rocha, Pedro, Jiexin Zhang, Raquel Laza-Briviesca, Alberto Cruz-Bermúdez, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Carmen Behrens, Apar Pataer, et al. "Abstract 6152: Distinct immune gene programs associated with host tumor immunity, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in resectable NSCLC." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 6152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6152.
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Abstract Background: Our understanding of the immunopathology of early-stage NSCLC is still limited. While neoadjuvant immunotherapeutic strategies have recently shown anti-tumor effects in resectable NSCLC, their mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Here, we explore immune programs that inform of tumor immunity and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in localized NSCLC. Methods: Targeted immune gene sequencing using the HTG Precision Immuno-Oncology panel was performed in localized NSCLCs from three cohorts based on treatment: naïve (n=190), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n=38) and neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (n=21). Three tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) phenotypes (inflamed, cold, excluded) were derived based on CD8+ T cell infiltration. Signatures of immune cell abundance and immune genes were statistically compared based on tumoral PD-L1 expression, immune phenotypes, associated with pathological response, and were cross-compared across the three cohorts. Results: PD-L1 positive tumors exhibited increased signature scores for various lymphoid and myeloid cell subsets (both, p<0.05). TIME phenotypes exhibited disparate frequencies by stage, PD-L1 expression, and mutational burden. Inflamed NSCLCs displayed overall significantly heightened levels of immune signatures with the excluded group representing an intermediate state. A signature of cytotoxic T cells was associated with favorable survival in neoadjuvant chemotherapy-treated NSCLCs (p<0.05). Major pathological response to chemoimmunotherapy was positively associated with CD8 T cells (p<0.05) and Th1 cells were significantly reduced post-chemoimmunotherapy (p<0.001). Among the three cohorts, chemoimmunotherapy-treated NSCLCs exhibited highest scores for various immune cell subsets including T effector and B cells (both, p<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings highlight immune gene programs that may underlie host tumor immunity and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in early-stage NSCLC. Citation Format: Pedro Rocha, Jiexin Zhang, Raquel Laza-Briviesca, Alberto Cruz-Bermúdez, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Carmen Behrens, Apar Pataer, Edwin Parra-Cuentas, Cara Haymaker, Junya Fujimoto, Stephen Swisher, John Heymach, Don L. Gibbons, J Jack Lee, Boris Sepesi, Tina Cascone, Luisa M. Solis, Mariano Provencio, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Humam Kadara. Distinct immune gene programs associated with host tumor immunity, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in resectable NSCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6152.
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Woodcock, Nigel. "W. Gibbons & A. L. Harris (eds) 1994. A Revised Correlation of Precambrian Rocks in the British Isles. Special Report no. 22 of the Geological Society, London. ii + 110 pp. London, Bath: The Geological Society. Price £19.00 (paperback). ISBN 1 897799 11 X." Geological Magazine 132, no. 4 (July 1995): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800021579.
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Istead, A. E., S. Yavno, and M. G. Fox. "Morphological change and phenotypic plasticity in response to water velocity in three species of Centrarchidae." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 11 (November 2015): 879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0096.
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Morphological responses to flowing water have been documented in many fishes, but rarely reported in species with gibbose body types, despite their use of riffles in rivers and streams. In this study, we compared morphological responses to water flow in three gibbose centrarchids: bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)), and rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque, 1817)). Flow-through plexiglass units, set to either a sustained flow or static conditions, were used to rear juveniles from each species for an 80-day period. All three species developed more streamlined body forms, longer and thinner caudal peduncles, and longer pectoral fins when reared in sustained current. Pumpkinseed exhibited the highest level of phenotypic plasticity in response to water flow, followed closely by bluegill; rock bass was the least plastic species. Rock bass developed longer predorsal and prepectoral lengths, which differ from the morphological changes observed in bluegill and pumpkinseed. The findings not only suggest that some gibbose fishes are capable of exhibiting strong phenotypic responses to water flow, but that many morphological changes are species specific, even within the same taxonomic family. Lastly, all three species developed shorter dorsal fin base lengths when reared under flowing condition, which differs from some previously documented work on fusiform fishes. The results of this study provide a better understanding of how morphology in three closely related species varies in response to environmental conditions.
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Warcup, JH. "Mycorrhizal Associations and Seedling Development in Australian Lobelioideae (Campanulaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 36, no. 4 (1988): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9880461.
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The mycorrhizal associations of Australian Lobelioideae (Lobelia, Pratia and Isotoma) were found to be complex. Perennial species of these genera were solely VA mycorrhizal, whereas annual species were both VA and ectomycorrhizal. Lobelia gibbosa, L. simplicicaulis and L. rhomblfolia had unusual inter- cellular mycorrhizas formed with ectomycorrhizal ascomycetes. While all annual Australian Lobelioideae formed associations with both VA and ectomycorrhizal fungi, five species of Lobelia from South Africa or North America were solely VA mycorrhizal, whether annual or perennial. Seed of the Australian Lobelioideae examined required a ripening period of several months or longer before germination. Seed of L. gibbosa, L. simplicicaulis and L. rhombifolia on germination produced only a short radicle that did not develop further unless invaded by a mycorrhizal fungus. Seed of L. gibbosa and L. simplicicaulis placed beside growing mycorrhizas of certain ascomycetes with young plants of Melaleuca uncinata germinated, and the seedlings became mycorrhizal, grew, and flowered. The subterranean stage dependent on mycorrhizal association with a companion plant lasted 3-4 months. Germinated seed of L. gibbosa on simple agar media failed to become mycorrhizal with appropriate ascomycetes or to develop further. In asymbiotic culture on media incorporating sucrose seedling growth was slight but, in the presence of sucrose and kinetin or N-benzylaminopurine, L. gibbosa developed shoots and often formed small plants that flowered. Root development, however, was scanty or absent even in the presence of the growth substances α-naphthaleneacetic acid or 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Young plants of L. gibbosa from the field transplanted to U.C. mix or sterilised forest soil failed to produce new roots. The plants grew slowly but remained small and produced few flowers, suggesting that mycorrhizal companion plants may also contribute to their growth besides being necessary in seedling development.
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Thompson, J., G. Widdows, and M. Parbat. "An audit of acute respiratory antibiotic prescribing in COPD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 30, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2022): i24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riac019.033.
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Abstract Introduction Coronavirus-2 is the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. People with certain risk factors, such as having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be more likely to develop complications. Research has identified that ~7% of patients with COVID-19 have a bacterial infection, however antibiotic prescribing rates have been found to vary from 38% to 72% (1,2). Primary care is estimated to make up 75% of antibiotic prescribing and was therefore a key target to evaluate whether antimicrobial stewardship principles were being followed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim To audit the adherence of antibiotic prescribing in people with COPD during the COVID-19 pandemic across a primary care network (PCN) in England against national and local guidelines. Methods The management of patients with COPD should follow NICE Guideline (NG) 114, NG168 and the local formulary. Three audit standards were created: 1) 100% of COPD patients should not be started on prophylactic antibiotics to reduce risk from COVID-19; 2) 100% of COPD patients should not be prescribed antibiotics for COVID-19 symptoms; 3) 90% of antibiotic prescription regimens should adhere to local and national guidelines. Prescribing data was collected from 12 practices linked to the PCN. Data of patients who had COPD, were prescribed an antibiotic, and had an indication for the antibiotic between 01/03/20 and the 30/06/20 were extracted and transferred into an anonymised spreadsheet. A total of 1088 data points were extracted. Random stratified sampling provided 300 data points for analysis, ensuring each GP surgery was represented proportionally; the required sample size to determine significance was 291. For each practice, the total number of antibiotics prescribed to COPD patients between March-June 2019 and March-June 2020 was extracted. Descriptive statistics were used to determine antibiotic prescribing adherence and overall rates of prescribing. Inferential statistics were used to compare rates of prescribing pre-vs-during the pandemic. Results Antibiotics were not prescribed for any patient for prophylaxis against COVID-19 (100% adherence to criteria 1). Two patients were prescribed antibiotics for ‘suspected disease caused by COVID-19’ (99.4% adherence to criteria 2). In only 28.7% of cases, the antibiotic was prescribed in line with the national and local guidelines (criteria 3). In most cases, treatment duration was the main reason for poor adherence, with longer courses of antibiotics being prescribed (7 rather than 5 days). Prescribing rates did not change significantly in 2020 compared to 2019 (1134 antibiotic prescriptions vs 1029 antibiotic prescriptions; p>0.05). Conclusion The audit was successful in determining that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect antibiotic prescribing rates across the PCN for people with COPD. Adherence to NICE and local guidelines was low, specifically concerning the duration of antibiotic treatment. This highlights an area for improvement; to ensure healthcare professionals across the PCN prescribe in-line with antimicrobial stewardship principles. Extracted data was limited to antibiotic prescribing and could have been expanded to include steroids to provide a fuller audit of prescribing in COPD exacerbations. A re-audit may be beneficial since the publication of NG191. References (1) Lansbury L, Lim B, Baskaran V, Lim WS. Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020 Aug;81(2):266-275. (2) Seaton RA, Gibbons CL, Cooper L, Malcolm W, McKinney R, Dundas S, Griffith D, Jeffreys D, Hamilton K, Choo-Kang B, Brittain S, Guthrie D, Sneddon J. Survey of antibiotic and antifungal prescribing in patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19 in Scottish hospitals. J Infect. 2020 Dec;81(6):952-960.
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Ondračková, M., Y. Kvach, A. Martens, and P. Jurajda. "Limited parasite acquisition by non-native Lepomis gibbosus (Actinopterygii: Centrarchidae) at two ponds in the Upper Rhine basin, Germany." Journal of Helminthology 93, no. 04 (May 29, 2018): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x18000469.
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AbstractMetazoan parasite communities of Lepomis gibbosus (Centrarchidae), one of the most successfully introduced fish species in Europe, were studied at two isolated ponds (Knielingen, Tropfen) along the Upper Rhine in Germany. Nine parasite taxa were observed, including North American species co-introduced to Europe (ancyrocephalid monogeneans, diplostomid trematodes), circumpolar species infecting L. gibbosus in both their native and non-native ranges (bothriocephalid cestodes) and locally acquired parasitic nematodes. Both parasite communities consisted predominantly of North American species. Acquisition of local parasites was not observed at Tropfen, where the fish community comprised just two species, with L. gibbosus dominant. Low prevalence and abundance of acquired parasites was found at Knielingen, which supported a diverse fish community. At Tropfen, a high abundance of the North American parasite Posthodiplostomum centrarchi probably contributed to the lower condition index, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly observed. Due to low local parasite competency, L. gibbosus appears to have no significant impact on parasite dynamics in affected habitats.
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Zhang, Jun, Yujie Chi, Shuxuan Li, Jian Zhang, and Jie Chen. "Expression and analysis of zinc finger family gene in Lenzites gibbosa." Journal of Forestry Research 31, no. 5 (October 11, 2019): 1889–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01044-2.
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Abstract Zinc finger transcription factors play significant roles in the growth and development of plant and animal, but their function remains obscure in fungi. Lenzites gibbosa mycelia were extracted and sequenced by transcriptome analysis after growing on sawdust at different times to support mycelial growth of L. gibbosa in a nutrient matrix. Data bases used for analysis were the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) annotation, the cluster of orthologous groups of proteins (COG) and gene ontology (GO) annotation. Zinc finger class genes related to the growth and development of L. gibbosa were screened. GO annotation and enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were carried out. A total of 114.55 Gb Clean Data were obtained from the L. gibbosa transcriptome. The average Clean Data in each sample was 6.16 Gb. The relative efficiency of reads between each sample and the reference genome was 88.5% to 91.4%. The COG analysis showed that most zinc finger protein genes were related to replication, recombination and repair function. GO enrichment analysis showed that the expressed genes involved in cellular process, cell part and binding. We identified seventy-two expressed genes including seven up-regulated genes and sixty-five down-regulated genes by applying DESeq2 data analysis software. By comparing the significantly expressed genes with KEGG database, 66 annotated sequences were obtained, and 35 primary metabolic pathways were annotated. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways. Gene_11750 and gene_5266 are highly correlated with the growth and development of L. gibbosa and are closely related to protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway. According to gene functional analysis, seven important differentially expressed genes related to the growth and development of L. gibbosa were identified.
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FERRER, JULIO, and KEVIN HOLSTON. "Identities of Tenebrio Linnaeus types at Uppsala, and the resulting changes in old darkling beetle names (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)." Zootaxa 2308, no. 1 (December 10, 2009): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2308.1.2.
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In this paper, five names used for darkling beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in the Linnaeus collection at the Museum of Zoology, Uppsala University (UUMZ) are evaluated based on specimen examinations, modern species concepts, and review of the original species diagnoses. The types are of species described in Systema Naturae (Tenebrio caraboides L., 1758, Tenebrio gibbus L., 1760, Tenebrio gigas L., 1767, and Tenebrio muricatus L., 1758) and Museum Ludovicae Ulrica (Tenebrio spinosus L., 1764). Tenebrio caraboides L., 1758, refers to a composite type series consisting of two UUMZ paralectotypes, identified herein as Pachychila hispanica Solier, 1835, and gaditana Rosenhauer, 1856, and the lectotype in the Linnean Collection, Natural History Museum, London (BMNH), for the ground beetle Cychrus caraboides (L. 1758). The three specimens in the De Geer Collection, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (NHRS), under Tenebrio gibbus L., 1760, are determined as Psammodes gibbus (L., 1760), comb. nov.; this includes the “lost” type of Linnaeus, whereas the UUMZ Linnaeus specimen is not a type and identified as an undetermined species of Amnodeis Miller, 1858, similar to A. giganteus Reiche & Saulcy, 1857. The type of Tenebrio spinosus L., 1764, represents an Egyptian species, Akis spinosus (L., 1764), which has often been misidentified as Akis trilineata Herbst, 1799, a West Mediterranean species. The holotype of Tenebrio muricatus L., 1758, is Adesmia muricatus (L., 1758), comb. nov., a species appearing in recent publications as Adesmia austera Baudi di Selve, 1881, syn. nov. Two Linnean specimens preserved with the UUMZ types under the unpublished names “Tenebrio impressus” and “Tenebrio variolosus” are an undetermined species of Erodius Fabr., 1775, and Pimelia fornicata Herbst, 1799, respectively. Psammodes gibbus (L., 1760), comb. nov., is the valid name for Psammodes striatus (Fabr., 1775), syn. nov., a South African species. Pimelia gibba Fabr., 1787, and Tenebrio gibbus Pallas, 1781, are synonyms, making the current combination and attribution for this species name Moluris gibbus (Pallas, 1781). Pimelia simplex Solier, 1836, is restored as valid, resulting in changes for three subspecies names: Pimelia simplex simplex Solier, 1836, stat. rest., Pimelia simplex oasis Koch, 1941, comb. nov., and Pimelia simplex substriata Koch, 1941, comb. nov. Two new synonyms are recognized for Centorus elongatus (Herbst 1797): Calcar variabilis Gebien, 1906, syn. nov. (an unavailable subsequent usage of Tenebrio variolosus Fabr., 1801), and Tenebrio variolosus Fabr., 1801, syn. nov.
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Able, Kenneth W., Michael P. Fahay, and Douglas F. Markle. "Development of larval snailfishes (Pisces: Cyclopteridae: Liparidinae) from the western North Atlantic." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 10 (October 1, 1986): 2294–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-344.
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Development of 9 of the 14 snailfishes in the western North Atlantic is described. Identification of larvae of Careproctus reinhardi, six species of Liparis (L. atlanticus, L. coheni, L. fabricii, L. gibbus, L. inquilinus, L. tunicatus), and two species of Paraliparis (P. calidus, P. copei) is based on body proportions, pigmentation, meristic characters, and early development of adult characters. Liparis fabricii is distinct from all other Liparis in having the darkest pigmentation at all sizes, largest sizes at all development stages, and unique body proportions. Liparis atlanticus and L. inquilinus are dissimilar to all other Liparis in the relatively smaller sizes at comparable stages of development and the presence of a notched dorsal fin. They differ from each other in pigmentation pattern and eye diameter/disk length ratio. Liparis coheni and L. gibbus are relatively smaller at all stages of development than L. fabricii but larger than L. atlanticus and L. inquilinus, and lack a notch in the dorsal fin. Liparis gibbus differs from L. coheni in pigmentation pattern and in having a larger eye diameter/disk length ratio. Pronounced geographic variation in pigmentation occurs between L. gibbus from the Canadian Arctic and those from the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The two Paraliparis and C. reinhardi possess adult fin ray counts and pigmentation at hatching and are easily distinguishable. Development in the latter species, which hatch as demersal juveniles, is distinctly different from that in Liparis, which hatch early in development (preflexion) and are pelagic until caudal formation is nearly complete (late flexion). For each species we include larval diagnostic characters, descriptive development (morphometric, pigmentation, meristic), and geographic and seasonal distribution of larvae.
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Zygner, Wojciech, and Olga Gójska-Zygner. "The first case of Leporacarus gibbus infestation in a rabbit from Poland." Acta Parasitologica 63, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0024.
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Abstract This case report presents asymptomatic infestation with Leporacarus gibbus (formerly Listrophorus gibbus) in a pet rabbit. This is the first report of L. gibbus infestation in a pet rabbit from Poland. Previously, infestation in Poland had been detected only in hares.
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Lin, Y., R. J. Robb, J. E. Gray, and P. Simon. "The construction and characterization of a biologically active recombinant IL-2 containing a lysine-rich C-terminal extension." Journal of Immunology 141, no. 11 (December 1, 1988): 3847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.141.11.3847.
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Abstract A polylysine extended gibbon IL-2 (IL-2-L) was constructed by the addition of a lysine-rich oligopeptide, Gly3-(Lys-Lys-Asp)3-Leu-Glu to the C terminus of gibbon IL-2 by using rDNA technology. The bioactivity of the hybrid molecule was comparable to that of normal human rIL-2 in assays measuring T cell proliferation, and in generation of lymphokine-activated killer cells from PBL. Furthermore, the addition of the lysine-rich segment made the molecule more amenable to the chemical derivatization of amino groups. After biotinylation, IL-2-L retained a greater proportion of its bioactivity than normal rIL-2. In addition, biotinylated IL-2-L was capable of simultaneously binding to cell surface IL-2R and streptavidin. Thus, the addition of the lysine-rich oligopeptide facilitated the generation of an active form of biotinylated IL-2 which acts as a bridge between IL-2R-positive cells and avidin-coupled reagents and affinity supports. Such a selective means of labeling and binding IL-2-responsive cells may have great practical utility for IL-2-based immunotherapy.
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Roberts, Gareth O., and Richard L. Tweedie. "Geometric L 2 and L 1 convergence are equivalent for reversible Markov chains." Journal of Applied Probability 38, A (2001): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200112653.
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BILTON, DAVID T. "A revision of the South African riffle beetle genus Leielmis Delève, 1964 (Coleoptera: Elmidae)." Zootaxa 4254, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4254.2.6.
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The riffle beetle genus Leielmis Delève, 1964 is redescribed and shown to contain three species, all of which are apparently endemic to the South African Cape, where they live in permanent mountain streams with cold running water. A lectotype is designated for Helmis georyssoides Grouvelle, 1890, and two additional species (L. gibbosus sp. nov. and L. hirsutus sp. nov.) are described for the first time. Following study of the type series, L. georyssoides is shown to be endemic to Table Mountain; most specimens previously assigned to this taxon representing an additional species (L. gibbosus sp. nov.), widespread in the interior Cape Fold Mountains. The record of Leielmis from Angola is considered highly doubtful. Comparative notes and a key are provided to allow the identification of known species of the genus.
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Zerova, M. D., A. Al-Sendi, V. N. Fursov, H. Adeli-Manesh, S. E. Sadeghi, and F. Pirouzi. "The description of a new Bruchophagus species (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) developing in seeds of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Descr. (Fabaceae) in Iran." Ukrainian Entomological Journal 16, no. 1 (October 2, 2019): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/281902.
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The new species, Bruchophagus ayadi sp.n., is reared from seed pods of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. (Fabaceae) in Iran (Lorestan). The new species is close to B. platypterus (Walk.), but differs by roundish abdomen and very gibbous, almost globular (in lateral view) mesosoma. These species can be also differentiated by some biological features. The host plant of B. platypterus is Lotus corniculatus L., whereas the new species is reared from Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. Holotype of Bruchophagus ayadi sp.n. is deposited in the collection of I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv).
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Sales-Luís, T., N. M. Pedroso, and M. Santos-Reis. "Prey availability and diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on a large reservoir and associated tributaries." Canadian Journal of Zoology 85, no. 11 (November 2007): 1125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-087.
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Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (L., 1758), spraints collected at the Aguieira hydroelectric dam (central Portugal, n = 916) and tributaries (n = 412) were analysed to assess diet compared with prey availability. Fish and crayfish abundances in the reservoir were assessed with fyke and trammel nets. Prey availability in the tributaries was estimated by electrofishing. In both the reservoir and its tributaries, fish were the main prey and consisted predominantly of Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758) (60%–65% of occurrences), which is an introduced species of Centrachidae that is abundant in the reservoir but is almost absent in the tributaries. These data suggest that otters using the tributaries feed predominantly in the reservoir. Seasonal dietary variations corresponded to increased availability of nonfish prey categories. Capture vs. consumption analyses demonstrated that otters did not consume L. gibbosus according to its availability. In fact, L. gibbosus was consumed less frequently when other prey species were more available (e.g., amphibians, eels, barbells). The tributaries offer important otter refuge areas that are scarce at the edge of the reservoir, and so, in large reservoirs care should be taken to minimize disturbance in the surrounding catchments. Results indicate that otter populations make use of these conjoint systems to ensure their survival.
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Tsallis, Constantino. "Some comments on Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 6 (January 1995): 539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-0779(95)80062-l.
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Leys, Remko. "A revision of the Australian carpenter bees, genus Xylocopa Latreille, subgenera Koptortosoma Gribodo and Lestis Lepeletier & Serville (Hymenoptera : Apidae)." Invertebrate Systematics 14, no. 1 (2000): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it98014.
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The Australian carpenter bees, genusXylocopa Latreille, subgeneraKoptortosoma Gribodo, and LestisLepeletier & Serville, are revised. Six species of X.(Koptortosoma) are recognised after solving problems with the association of the sexes.Xylocopa (K.) waterhousei, sp. nov. andX. (K.) lieftincki, sp. nov. are described as new, and two previously recognised species, X. (K.) wallabiaLieftinck and X. (K.) xerophila Lieftinck are synonymised withX. (K.) parvula Rayment. Two species ofthe subgenus Lestis are recognised, while the threespecies-level names, X. (L.) gibbonsi Cockerell,X. (L.) violascens Cockerell, andX. (L.) australensis Kirby are synonymised withX. (L.) bombylans (Fabricius). A key for theidentification of the species is provided, and descriptions, information aboutmating behaviour, nesting substrates, flower records and distribution maps aregiven for all species.
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TYAGI, SANIYA. "Screening of Some Long Duration Pigonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Genotypes against Major Insect Pests in Varanasi." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 24, no. 3 (August 1, 2022): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10198.
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Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), an important grain-legume of semi arid tropics is severely attacked by many insect species, resulting in losses of quantity and nutritional quality. In the present study, fifteen long duration genotypes of pigeonpea were assessed against the attack of M. obtusa, C. gibbosa and H. armigera for two years (2017-2018 and 2018-19) in Varanasi. Resistance to pigeonpea genotypes was evaluated by measuring pod and grain damage per cent in accordance with their yields. Pest susceptibility rating revealed that none of the genotypes fell in resistant/highly-resistant categories. However, genotypes IVT-705, IVT-706 and IVT-907 were found to least susceptible for all the three insect pests (except for IVT-907 for C. gibbosa) and also showed higher yields. In other words, yield losses were lower in genotypes which shown less pod/grain damage by insects. Pod damage of some other genotypes viz. IVT-208 (M. obtusa-31.3%, C. gibbosa-12.6%, H. armigera¬-4.8%), IVT-12-904 (M. obtusa-29.5%, C. gibbosa-12.8%, H. armigera¬-7.3%) also accounted for their lower levels of susceptibility to the insect pest complex.
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Balzani, Paride, Antonín Kouba, Elena Tricarico, Melina Kourantidou, and Phillip J. Haubrock. "Metal accumulation in relation to size and body condition in an all-alien species community." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29, no. 17 (December 1, 2021): 25848–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17621-0.
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AbstractMetal pollution is one of the main environmental threats in freshwater ecosystems. Aquatic animals can accumulate these substances and transfer them across the food web, posing risks for both predators and humans. Accumulation patterns strongly vary depending on the location, species, and size (which in fish and crayfish is related to age) of individuals. Moreover, high metal concentrations can negatively affect animals’ health. To assess the intraspecific relationship between metal accumulation and size and health (proxied by the body condition) of individuals, the concentration of 14 metals (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) was analyzed in six alien species from the highly anthropogenically altered Arno River (Central Italy): five fish (Alburnus alburnus, Pseudorasbora parva, Lepomis gibbosus, Ictalurus punctatus, and Silurus glanis) and one crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). We found that in P. clarkii, Cu was negatively related to size, as well as Al in L. gibbosus and Mg for adult I. punctatus. Positive size-dependent relationships were found for Hg in L. gibbosus, Fe in S. glanis, and Cr in juvenile I. punctatus. Only Co and Mg in S. glanis were found to negatively correlate with individual health. Since metal concentrations in animal tissue depend on trade-offs between uptake and excretion, the few significant results suggest different types of trade-offs across different species and age classes. However, only predatory fish species (L. gibbosus, I. punctatus, and S. glanis) presented significant relationships, suggesting that feeding habits are one of the primary drivers of metal accumulation.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 75, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2001): 123–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002561.
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-Virginia R. Dominguez, Louis A. Pérez, Jr., On becoming Cuban: Identity, nationality, and culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xiv + 579 pp.-Solimar Otero, Kali Argyriadis, La religión à la Havane: Actualités des représentations et des pratiques culturelles havanaises. Paris: Éditions des Archives Contemporaines,1999. 373 pp.-Jane Desmond, Jane Blocker, Where is Ana Mendieta?: Identity, performativity, and exile. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1999. xvi + 166 pp.-Richard Handler, Amílcar A. Barreto, Language, elites, and the state: Nationalism in Puerto Rico and Quebec. Westport CT: Praeger, 1998. x + 165 pp.-Juan Flores, Lillian Guerra, Popular expression and national identity in Puerto Rico: The struggle for self, community, and nation. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998. xi + 332 pp.-Eileen J. Findlay, Rafael L. Ramírez, What it means to be a man: Reflections on Puerto Rican masculinity. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1999. xv + 139 pp.-Arlene Torres, Eileen J. Suárez Findlay, Imposing decency: The politics of sexuality and race in Puerto Rico, 1870-1920. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1999. xii + 316 pp.-Rita Giacalone, Humberto García Muñiz ,Fronteras en conflicto: Guerra contra las drogas, militarización y democracia en el Caribe, Puerto Rico y Vieques. San Juan: Red Caribeña de Geopolítica, Seguridad Regional y Relaciones Internacionales, afiliada al Proyecto AT-LANTEA, 1999. 211 pp., Jorge Rodríguez Beruff (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, q , Polly Pattullo, Fire from the mountain: The tragedy of Monserrat and the betrayal of its people. London: Constable, 2000. xvii + 217 pp.-Aisha Khan, Gillon Aitken, Between father and son: Family letters. V.S. Naipaul. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. xi + 297 pp.-J. Michael Dash, Marie-Hélène Laforest, Diasporic encounters: Remapping the Caribbean. Naples Liguori, 2000. 271 pp.-Jeanne Garane, Renée Larrier, Francophone women writers of Africa and the Caribbean. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000. ix + 156 pp.-Julian Gerstin, Brenda F. Berrian, Awakening spaces: French Caribbean popular songs, music, and culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. xvi + 287 pp.-Halbert Barton, Steven Loza, Tito Puente and the making of Latin music. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999. xvi + 258 pp.-Mark Moberg, Anne Sutherland, The making of Belize: Globalization in the margins. Westport CT: Bergin & Garvey, 1998. x + 203 pp.-Daniel A. Segal, Kevin K. Birth, 'Any time is Trinidad time' : Social meanings and temporal consciousness. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1999. xiv + 190 pp.-Samuel Martínez, Michele Wucker, Why the cocks fight: Dominicans, Haitians, and the struggle for Hispaniola. New York: Hill and Wang, 1999. xxi + 281 pp.-Paul E. Brodwin, Terry Rey, Our lady of class struggle: The cult of the virgin Mary in Haiti. Trenton NJ: Africa World Press, 1999. x + 362 pp.-Robert Fatton, Jr., Elizabeth D. Gibbons, Sanctions in Haiti: Human rights and democracy under assault. Westport CT: Praeger, with the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington DC, 1999. xviii + 138 pp.-Robert Fatton, Jr., David M. Malone, Decision-making in the UN security council: The case of Haiti, 1990-1997. Oxford: Clarendon, 1998. xxi + 322 pp.-James Sanders, César J. Ayala, American sugar kingdom: The plantation economy of the Spanish Caribbean, 1898-1934. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xii + 321 pp.-James Sanders, Alan Dye, Cuban sugar in the age of mass production: Technology and the economics of the sugar central, 1899-1929. Stanford CA: Stanford University Press, 1998. xiii + 343 pp.-Linden Lewis, Richard Hart, Towards decolonisation: Political, labour and economic developments in Jamaica 1938-1945. Kingston: Canoe Press, 1999. xxii + 329 pp.-John Smolenski, John W. Pulis, Moving on: Black loyalists in the Afro-Atlantic world. New York: Garland, 1999. xxiv + 224 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Clem Seecharan, Bechu: 'Bound coolie' Radical in British Guiana 1894-1901. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 1999. x + 315 pp.-Bonno Thoden van Velzen, C.N. Dubelaar ,Het Afakaschrift van de Tapanahoni Rivier in Suriname. Utrecht: Thela Thesis, 1999. 183 pp., André R.M. Pakosie (eds)-Bonno Thoden van Velzen, André R.M. Pakosie, Gazon Matodja: Surinaams stamhoofd aan het einde van een tijdperk. Utrecht: Stichting Sabanapeti, 1999. 172 pp.-Geneviève Escure, Peter L. Patrick, Urban Jamaican Creole: Variation in the Mesolect. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1999. xx + 331 pp.
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GIBBS, JASON. "Integrative taxonomy identifies new (and old) species in the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare (Robertson) species group (Hymenoptera, Halictidae)." Zootaxa 2032, no. 1 (March 11, 2009): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2032.1.1.
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An integrative taxonomic approach that utilizes the DNA barcode region of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 in conjunction with traditional morphological approaches identifies five distinct species previously recognized as Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare (Robertson). Differences in DNA sequences and congruent, albeit minor, morphological variation support separation of L. tegulare into five species. Unique nucleotide substitution patterns for each species allows for character-based diagnostics using DNA barcodes. The names L. ellisiae (Sandhouse) and L. lepidii (Graenicher) are removed from synonymy. Two new species, L. puteulanum Gibbs sp. n. and L. carlinvillense Gibbs sp. n., are described. A key is provided, which permits the identification of both males and females. The utility of the DNA barcode region as part of an integrative taxonomic framework is discussed.
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Longenecker, Ken, Erik C. Franklin, Renee Hill-Lewenilovo, Watisoni Lalavanua, Ross Langston, Sangeeta Mangubhai, and Susanna Piovano. "Many immature individuals and largest size classes lacked females for three coral reef fishes (Actinopterygii) in Fiji market surveys: Implications for fishery management." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 52, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.52.80586.
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Data-limited fisheries benefit from using life-history traits as biological indicators of targeted stocks. We used histology-based reproductive analyses to estimate size at maturity, per capita egg production, and the number and biomass of immature individuals in the catch for three common coral reef fishes in Fiji market surveys during 2010–2019. We studied Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskål, 1775), Parupeneus indicus (Shaw, 1803), and Chlorurus microrhinos (Bleeker, 1854), which represent three families: Lutjanidae, Mullidae, and Scaridae, respectively. Fork length comprising 50% mature individuals for females of L. gibbus was 22.7 cm, that of P. indicus was 25.9 cm, attaining 38.0 cm for C. microrhinos. Females were rare or absent in the largest size classes of all three species. Immature fish represented up to 50% by number and 41% by biomass of the catch in market surveys, with P. indicus having the greatest immature number (8%‒50%) and biomass (6%‒41%), followed by C. microrhinos (20%‒30% by count, 11%‒18% by biomass) and L. gibbus (9%‒28% by count, 5%‒14% by biomass). Individuals ≤ 30 cm for L. gibbus and P. indicus and ≤ 45 cm for C. microrhinos were responsible for ≥ 90% of egg production per spawning. Skewed size-specific sex ratios suggested that exploitation of the largest size classes had minimal effect on overall egg production. Decreased catches of immature fishes would increase the reproductive population sizes for these species.
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Han, Mei-Ling, Lin Lin, Xiao-Xiao Guo, Min An, Ying-Jie Geng, Chang Xin, Lin-Chan Ma, et al. "Comparative analysis of the laccase secretion ability of five white-rot fungi in submerged fermentation with lignocellulosic biomass." BioResources 18, no. 1 (November 21, 2022): 584–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.1.584-598.
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Lignocellulosic biomass is widely used in the field of laccase production because it has the advantages of low price and easy availability. Thus, a comparative analysis was performed of the laccase secretion ability of five white-rot fungi in submerged fermentation using single or mixtures of lignocellulosic biomass. Maximum laccase activity of Trametes gibbosa An 360, Vanderbylia fraxinea An 369, Perenniporia pyricola Han 202, Coriolopsis trogii Han 474, and Trametes versicolor Han 1504 was 55.83 ± 0.28 U/L on the mixture of corncob and cottonseed hull, 77.96 ± 1.60 U/L on corncob, 443.33 ± 15.49 U/L on corncob, 686.57 ± 16.49 U/L on corncob, and 162.04 ± 11.33 U/L on cottonseed hull. The mixed lignocellulosic material effectively improved the laccase activity of T. gibbosa An 360 compared with other fungal strains. However, the presence of corncob contributed to the secretion of laccase activity for V. fraxinea An 369, P. pyricola Han 202, and C. trogii Han 474. Meanwhile, cottonseed hull was conducive to the secretion of laccase of T. versicolor Han 1504. Laccase activity of P. pyricola Han 202 was very stable throughout most of the fermentation time. The results from this study provide new methods and increase fungal strains to improve laccase activity.
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Hiwatashi, Tomohide, Akichika Mikami, Takafumi Katsumura, Bambang Suryobroto, Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah, Suchinda Malaivijitnond, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Hiroki Oota, Shunji Goto, and Shoji Kawamura. "Gene conversion and purifying selection shape nucleotide variation in gibbon L/M opsin genes." BMC Evolutionary Biology 11, no. 1 (2011): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-312.
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Houston, Paul, Sarah Roggendorf, and Kristoffer G. van der Zee. "Gibbs phenomena for Lq-best approximation in finite element spaces." ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 56, no. 1 (January 2022): 177–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/m2an/2021086.
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Recent developments in the context of minimum residual finite element methods are paving the way for designing quasi-optimal discretization methods in non-standard function spaces, such as q-type Sobolev spaces. For q → 1, these methods have demonstrated huge potential in avoiding the notorious Gibbs phenomena, i.e., the occurrence of spurious non-physical oscillations near thin layers and jump discontinuities. In this work we provide theoretical results that explain some of these numerical observations. In particular, we investigate the Gibbs phenomena for q-best approximations of discontinuities in finite element spaces with 1 ≤ q < ∞. We prove sufficient conditions on meshes in one and two dimensions such that over- and undershoots vanish in the limit q → 1. Moreover, we include examples of meshes such that Gibbs phenomena remain present even for q = 1 and demonstrate that our results can be used to design meshes so as to eliminate the Gibbs phenomenon.
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Menconi, Vasco, Maria Vittoria Riina, Paolo Pastorino, Davide Mugetti, Serena Canola, Elisabetta Pizzul, Maria Cristina Bona, Alessandro Dondo, Pier Luigi Acutis, and Marino Prearo. "First Occurrence of Eustrongylides spp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in a Subalpine Lake in Northwest Italy: New Data on Distribution and Host Range." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (June 11, 2020): 4171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114171.
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The genus Eustrongylides includes nematodes that infect fish species and fish-eating birds inhabiting freshwater ecosystems. Nematodes belonging to the genus Eustrongylides are potentially pathogenic for humans; infection occurs after the consumption of raw or undercooked fish. In the two-year period 2019–2020, a total of 292 fish belonging to eight species were examined for the occurrence of Eustrongylides spp. from Lake San Michele, a small subalpine lake in northwest Italy. The prevalence of infestation was 18.3% in Lepomis gibbosus, 16.7% in Micropterus salmoides, and 10% in Perca fluviatilis. The other five fish species (Ameiurus melas, Ictalurus punctatus, Squalius cephalus, Carassius carassius, and Scardinius erythrophthalmus) were all negative for parasite presence. There were no significant differences in prevalence between the three fish species (Fisher’s exact test; p = 0.744). The mean intensity of infestation ranged from 1 (M. salmoides and P. fluviatilis) to 1.15 (L. gibbosus), and the mean abundance ranged from 0.1 (P. fluviatilis) to 0.28 (L. gibbosus). There were significant differences in the infestation site between the four muscle quadrants (anterior ventral, anterior dorsal, posterior ventral, and posterior dorsal) and the visceral cavity (Kruskal–Wallis test; p = 0.0008). The study findings advance our knowledge about the distribution and host range of this parasite in Italy.
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Dash, Smruti, Ziley Singh, Rajendra Prasad, and D. D. Sood. "The standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation of SrMoO3(s)." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 201, no. 1-2 (November 1993): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388(93)90866-l.
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Havlátová, L., M. Ondračková, and I. Přikrylová. "Monogenean parasites of Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus introduced into the River Durance, France." Helminthologia 52, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2015-0051.
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Summary The pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus (Centrarchidae), was introduced into the Europe from North America in late 19th century. In this study, we examine monogenean parasites of L. gibbosus from the River Durance in France. We found seven parasite species introduced together with the host: Actinocleidus recurvatus, A. oculatus, Onchocleidus similis, O. dispar, O. acer, Cleidodiscus robustus (Ancyrocephalidae) and Gyrodactylus macrochiri (Gyrodactylidae). Early diporpa (Diplozoidae), accidentally attached to the gills, represent a single parasite species acquired within the area of introduction. Three species, O. acer, C. robustus and G. macrochiri, are reported from Europe for the first time.
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Coelho, Cristiane N., Tiago A. P. Nunes, Lilian Cristina de S. O. Batista, Diego D. da Silva, Rosângela R. dos Santos, Thaís R. Correia, Fabio B. Scott, and Julio I. Fernandes. "Eficácia da ivermectina oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34, no. 9 (September 2014): 832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2014000900005.
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O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da ivermectina administrada por via oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Foram selecionados 20 coelhos adultos, distribuídos na mesma proporção de ambos os sexos, em dois grupos experimentais, compondo dez animais por grupo. No grupo controle foi administrado o mesmo volume do tratamento de solução salina, enquanto o grupo tratado recebeu dose única de ivermectina oral (400 µg/Kg). O diagnóstico dos ácaros foi realizado com auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico após a devida coleta de material. Para P. ovis foi realizada através de coleta do cerúmen com auxílio de zaragatoas efetuadas nas orelhas e para por L. gibbus foi realizada coleta de pelos nas regiões do pescoço dorsal, lombar direita, lombar esquerda, cauda ventral e abdômen ventral. A avaliação da eficácia e a avaliação clínica das lesões, mensuradas em escores (grau 0 a 4) foi realizada nos dias 0, +3, +7, +14, +21, +28 e + 35, após o tratamento. Foi observada a eficácia de 100% no controle de P. ovis a partir do dia +7 e para L. gibbus a partir do dia +14, mantendo-se negativos até o final do período experimental. O escore da lesão das orelhas do grupo tratado regrediu a partir do dia +14 e no dia +21 todos os animais atingiram grau 0. No grupo controle, dois animais apresentaram aumento no escore da lesão das orelhas, um coelho apresentou aumento do escore de grau 1 para 2 e outro coelho de grau 3 para 4. Não foram observadas quaisquer reações adversas nos animais tratados. A ivermectina administrada por via oral em dose única foi eficaz no controle de P. ovis e L. gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados.
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Chakrabarti, Samiran, Surajit Sur, and Sanjay Sarkar. "Two new species of Diptilomiopus Nalepa (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from India." Acarologia 59, no. 3 (September 4, 2019): 383–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20194337.
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Two new species, Diptilomiopus indogangeticus n. sp., infesting Ficus tinctoria subsp. gibbosa (Blume) Corner (Moraceae), and Diptilomiopus mohanasundarami n. sp., infesting Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae), are described from West Bengal, India. Diptilomiopus holoptelus Chakrabarti and Mondal and Diptilomiopus strebli (Boczek) are possible junior synonyms of Diptilomiopus integrifoliae Mohanasundaram and Diptilomiopus asperis Ghosh and Chakrabarti, respectively.
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Thorp, James H., Lawrence D. Goldsmith, John A. Polgreen, and Lynn M. Mayer. "Foraging Patterns of Nesting and Nonnesting Sunfish (Centrarchidae: Lepomis auritus and L. gibbosus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 1342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-172.
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We analyzed the gut contents of two species of Centrarchidae (the redbreast sunfish, Lepomis auritus and the pumpkinseed sunfish, L. gibbosus) and compared the diets of nesting and nonnesting individuals (position effect) at dawn and dusk (time effect). Although redbreast and pumpkinseed sunfish differ somewhat in anatomy and ecology, they had similar diets and foraging patterns in Calder Lake. Nesting behavior caused a slight to major reduction in the quantity and diversity of prey eaten. Sunfish, which ate prey from both the benthos and water surface, consumed a higher percentage of benthic prey at dawn in comparison to the proportion taken at dusk. Position influenced the percentage of benthic prey eaten at both times. We explore the possibility that a male nonnesting genotype ("cuckold'' sunfish) might be retained in a population of mostly-nesting sunfish (parentals) because of the former's greater foraging success.
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Sudarson, Jenefar, Shenbhagaraman Ramalingam, Premalatha Kishorekumar, and Kaviyarasan Venkatesan. "Expeditious Quantification of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes from Indigenous Wood Rot and Litter Degrading Fungi from Tropical Dry Evergreen Forests of Tamil Nadu." Biotechnology Research International 2014 (February 26, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/127848.
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In this study thirty wood rotting and litter degrading basidiomycetes were screened for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes such as, laccase, peroxidase, and cellulase using rapid micro quantification assay. Out of the 30 indigenous isolates Trametes gibbosa was identified to be a potential lignocellulolytic enzyme producer, producing a maximum amount of cellulase (299.66±1.59 IU/L) and laccase (257.94±1.79 U/L). Moreover, it is the second leading producer of peroxidase enzyme (170.19±1.98 U/L). Tricholomopsis sp. a wood rot basidiomycete was found to be the leading lignin decomposer with maximum peroxidase activity (287.84±2 U/L) and second maximum laccase activity (250.19±1.83 U/L). However, its cellulolytic potential was found to be moderate (100.04±1.13 U/L). A higher level of lignocellulolytic enzymes was recorded in wood rotting basidiomycetes, whereas very low levels of lignolytic enzymes were found in litter inhabiting basidiomycetes. However, their cellulolytic potential was found to be moderate.
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Able, Kenneth W., and Wendy Irion. "Distribution and reproductive seasonality of snailfishes and lumpfishes in the St. Lawrence River estuary and the Gulf of St. Lawrence." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 7 (July 1, 1985): 1622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-240.
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The distribution of two lumpfishes and nine snailfishes was determined from a variety of samples from the St. Lawrence River estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Two of these (Paraliparis calidus and P. copei) are recorded for the first time. Two others (Liparis gibbus and L. fabricii) reach their southern limit in the study area, while two others (L. coheni and L. inquilinus) may not occur further north. The Careproctus species found appear to be C. reinhardti (abundant) and C. ranula (rare). These species can be distinguished by selected meristic characters, especially pyloric caeca, pectoral fin shape, and size at maturity. All species examined spawn in the spring and summer except L. coheni, which probably spawns during the winter.
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Nanami, Atsushi, and Tamaki Shimose. "Interspecific differences in prey items in relation to morphological characteristics among four lutjanid species (Lutjanus decussatus, L. fulviflamma, L. fulvus and L. gibbus)." Environmental Biology of Fishes 96, no. 5 (June 15, 2012): 591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-012-0049-7.
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Graczová, Elena, Július Surový, and Soňa Bafrncová. "Ternary Corrections in the Liquid-Liquid Equilibria Computation for Three-Component Systems Containing Components of Mixed Solvent N-Methylpyrrolidone-Ethylene Glycol." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 1 (1992): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19920007.
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Presented are the liquid-liquid (L-L) equilibrium data for three-component heterogeneous systems toluene-N-methylpyrrolidone-ethylene glycol, heptane-N-methylpyrrolidone-ethylene glycol and heptane-toluene-ethylene glycol at 50 °C. Equations for the excess Gibbs energy (NRTL. Novák modification of Wilson equation and Redlich-Kister 4th order expansion) extended by ternary universal contribution were employed for correlating the L-L equilibrium data. The binary equation parameters were independently evaluated from the binary equilibrium data. The presented ternary data served for evaluation of parameters of the universal ternary contribution.
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Axamawaty, M. T. H., G. W. J. Fleet, K. A. Hannah, S. K. Namgoong, and M. L. Sinnott. "Inhibition of the α-l-arabinofuranosidase III of Monilinia fructigena by 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-threitol and 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-arabinitol." Biochemical Journal 266, no. 1 (February 15, 1990): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2660245.
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1. 1,4-Dideoxy-1,4-imino-L-threitol was synthesized and the synthesis of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-L-arabinitol was improved. 2. Both compounds are competitive inhibitors of Monilinia fructigena alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase III, the additional hydroxymethyl group in the arabinitol contributing about 17.8 kj/mol (4.25 kcal/mol) to the Gibbs free energy of binding. 3. The affinities (1/Ki) of both compounds vary with pH in a classical bell-shaped way, the pKa value being that of the acid-catalytic group on the enzyme [5.9; Selwood & Sinnott (1988) Biochem. J. 254, 899-901] and the pKb values being those of the free inhibitors, 7.6 and 7.8 respectively. 4. On the basis of these and literature data we suggest that efficient inhibition of a glycosidase at its pH optimum by an appropriate iminoalditol will be found when the pKa of the iminoalditol is below that of the acid-catalytic group of the target enzyme.