Journal articles: 'Kyrgyzstan'

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Zhang, Xuehui, Wenjing Zhang, and Zekui Ning. "The Evolving Status of Agricultural Products in the Global Value Chain since China and Kyrgyzstan Established Diplomatic Relations." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (February 28, 2023): 4359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054359.

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Central Asia borders China and was the first stop of China’s opening to the west. Studying the evolving status of agricultural products in the global value chain since China and Kyrgyzstan established diplomatic relations in 1992 can facilitate China’s “Belt and Road” initiative and strengthen agricultural cooperation. Based on FAOSTAT and UN Comtrade data, this paper classifies agricultural products into three categories: primary agricultural products, rough-processed agricultural products, and deep-processed industrial products. An indicator system was constructed for measuring the status of agricultural products in the global value chain. Using the results of the NET trade index, this paper analyzed the evolving status of Chinese and Kyrgyzstani agricultural products in the global value from 1995 to 2020. The results showed that the status of Chinese and Kyrgyzstani primary agricultural products has continued to decline, with Kyrgyzstan slightly better than China. The status of Chinese rough-processed agricultural products was slowly declining, while Kyrgyzstan’s status dropped sharply by 2020. China has a solid foundation in deep-processed agricultural products, while Kyrgyzstan’s status was relatively low. Suggestions for future cooperation between China and Kyrgyzstan are discussed, such as strengthening agricultural technology exchanges and cooperation, expanding trade in high-quality agricultural products, etc.

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Shailoobek Kyzy, Aizat. "Discussing Sinophobia in Kyrgyzstan." Central Asian Affairs 8, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 58–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/22142290-bja10001.

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Abstract This paper investigates how Chinese migrants are perceived by different groups in Kyrgyzstan—and in what domains local people turn to Sinophobia. To date, Kyrgyzstani political leaders have tended to be Sinophilic, whereas bazaar traders and ordinary citizens, fearing large inflows of Chinese migrants, are Sinophobic. The article paints a picture of Chinese migrants’ lives in Bishkek and their negative and positive experiences with local people. It concludes by demonstrating that lay people and radical nationalist groups alike deploy Sinophobic rhetoric in relation to China and Chinese immigrants living in Kyrgyzstan.

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Bekmurzaev, Nurbek. "Mediatization of Religion in Kyrgyzstan: Diffusion of Religious Authority and Changing Perceptions of Religion." Central Asian Affairs 5, no. 3 (July 28, 2018): 253–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142290-00503004.

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This article explores the media’s role in facilitating religious change in Kyrgyzstan. Taking Stig Hjarvard’s theory of mediatization as its point of departure, it goes on to examine how his thesis works when applied to the case of Islam in Kyrgyzstan. It argues that the media facilitates religious transformation in Kyrgyzstan by redefining the power constellation between various religious actors and bridging the gap between ethnic and religious identities, mainly through language. By reinforcing people’s religious identities, the media creates more intricate ways for Kyrgyzstan’s Muslims to relate to each other.

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Liang, Li, Fan Zhang, and Keyu Qin. "Assessing the Vulnerability of Agricultural Systems to Drought in Kyrgyzstan." Water 13, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 3117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13213117.

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As climate change worsens, the frequent occurrence of extreme drought events will further threaten the agricultural systems of all countries in the world. Kyrgyzstan is a country with agriculture and animal husbandry as its main industries, with a weak industrial base, and agriculture plays an important role in the national economy. Kyrgyzstan is located in Central Asia and suffers from a dry climate and frequent droughts. Thus, an integral analysis of the vulnerability of Kyrgyzstan’s agricultural system is of great significance for this country’s socio-economic stability. In this study, we comprehensively analyze the agricultural system drought vulnerability of Kyrgyzstan from three dimensions of sensitivity, adaptability and exposure. The results show that the areas of higher vulnerability in Kyrgyzstan’s agricultural system are distributed in the eastern mountainous, northwest and southwest areas. In addition, regions with low vulnerability are mainly concentrated in the central area. Kyrgyzstan has abundant water resources, but the supporting infrastructure construction is relatively backward. The imperfect irrigation facilities have greatly restricted the development of agriculture and have also increased the vulnerability of the agricultural systems. In the face of climate change, the region may face more severe drought disasters, so increasing infrastructure investment and building a complete irrigation system and water use plan are the keys to reducing the vulnerability of Kyrgyzstan’s agricultural system.

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Khamidov, Alisher. "What It Takes to Avert a Regional Crisis: Understanding the Uzbek Government’s Responses to the June 2010 Violence in South Kyrgyzstan." Central Asian Affairs 2, no. 2 (March 13, 2015): 168–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142290-00202003.

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Uzbekistan played an important role during the June 2010 interethnic violence in South Kyrgyzstan by tightly controlling borders, allowing thousands of Kyrgyzstani refugees to cross into Uzbek territory, assisting in the shipment of international humanitarian assistance to Kyrgyzstan, and collaborating with the osce in the investigation of the causes of the violence. What explains Uzbekistan’s approach to the unrest in South Kyrgyzstan? Some scholars suggest that Uzbekistan’s response was shaped largely by external actors such as Russia. Others posit that domestic pressures account for the response. This article advances an alternative explanation: Tashkent’s response was largely a result of a consensus achieved at two levels: international and domestic. In explaining the impact of domestic level, the article emphasizes the role of bureaucratic politics—competition among various government agencies.

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Choi, Young-Chool. "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Trust Levels of Kyrgyzstan Residents, Using Neural Network Analysis." Encontros Bibli: revista eletrônica de biblioteconomia e ciência da informação 28 (May 17, 2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1518-2924.2023.e93526.

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Objective: Kyrgyzstan, located in Central Asia, is a country which has a strong will to achieve national development. The aim of this study is to measure the levels of trust of local residents, a highly important factor in national development, and to derive suggestions for improving it. To this end, the primary means employed is to target the residents of Kyrgyzstan and measure the levels of trust they have towards each other. Methods: The study uses data relating to aid projects for rural development that Korea’s Good Neighbors International organization (GNI) is jointly carrying out in Kyrgyzstan along with the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), a Korean aid provider. In order to carry out the aid project to Kyrgyzstan, these organizations conducted a baseline survey at the initial stage, and the results of this study were used for analysis. As regards the analytical method used in this study, neural network analysis was employed for the questionnaire survey data of 583 people in Kyrgyzstan that was used for the baseline survey. Results: Neural network analysis, a component of the big data analysis method, has recently been in the academic limelight. The analysis revealed that ethnicity had the greatest influence on the trust levels of Kyrgyzstan residents, followed by gender and education level, in that order. Conclusions: From this, it can be seen that multifaceted efforts are needed to increase the levels of trust of peoples other than ethnic Kyrgyzstanis, as they occupy a central position in Kyrgyzstan.

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Балашова, Иpинa Г. "К вопросу о формировании и развитии антропологии религии в Кыргызстане." Studia Orientalne 1, no. 1 (2012): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/so2012105.

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The article describes in a concise manner the origin and development of anthropology of religion in the global scale and its beginnings in Kyrgyzstan. Three periods of Kyrgyzstan’s history are represented in the research: the pre-revolution era, the Soviet and the contemporary times. An emphasis was put on the unique challenges that each of these periods poses to religious studies. The article analyses one of the major aspects of anthropology of religion – searching for cultural relics of the ancient cults in the contemporary religious trends. The author presents the research methodology that was used while studying religious cults in Kyrgyzstan in the framework of anthropology of religion. The relevance of this paper lies in the fact that interdisciplinary anthropological research on the variety of religious life in different historical periods helps to better understand the history of the peoples of the Kyrgyzstan and their cooperation, as well as to identify the moral values and ideological framework for the contemporary society of Kyrgyzstan.

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Commercio, Michele E. "Nastoiashchie Muzhiki and Depleted Masculinity in Kyrgyzstan." Central Asian Affairs 9, no. 2-4 (August 23, 2022): 351–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/22142290-bja10034.

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Abstract While demonstrating the intersection of gender, power, and ideology, this article centers on a particular model of masculinity in Kyrgyzstan – depleted masculinity – expressed by polygynous males (i.e., those married to more than one person). I argue that a nastoiashchii muzhik’s (real man’s) sense of masculinity is depleted when one of its crucial attributes (in this case, earning wages) disappears but other crucial attributes (in this case, governing the family and the state) remain. Adverse consequences of Kyrgyzstan’s economic transition laid the roots for the emergence of depleted masculinity among some men in Kyrgyzstan. By analyzing gender stereotypes held by a small subset of polygynous men in Kyrgyzstan, I offer a glimpse into familial and societal roles these men think they should play and familial and societal roles these men think local women should play.

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Shukurov, E., and A. Tabyshalieva. "Kyrgyzstan." Anthropology & Archeology of Eurasia 36, no. 2 (October 1997): 8–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/aae1061-195936028.

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Schlickau, Jane, and Guljahan Pirnazarova. "Kyrgyzstan." Recherche en soins infirmiers N° 100, no. 1 (2010): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsi.100.0062.

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Chekhlyaeva, Sabina Saidumarovna, and Andrey Sergeevich Pavlov. "Russian language in Kyrgyzstan: realities and prospects." Международные отношения, no. 4 (April 2023): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0641.2023.4.43557.

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The relevance of the study lies in the fact that today Russian language is an important aspect for the development of cooperation between the Kyrgyz Republic and Russia. One of the most important factors is labour migration to Russia. For employment in Kyrgyzstan, knowledge of Russian language is also required. The demand for the Russian language in Kyrgyzstan began to increase due to the growth of migrant workers who go to Russia to earn money, and only with sufficient knowledge of the Russian language they can find a well-paid job. It is important to note an important problem in Kyrgyzstan's education system - most of the country's universities teach students in Russian, while most schools teach in Kyrgyz, a problem that is especially pronounced in the remote regions of the country. Hence, there is a contradiction in the education system. This situation is also influenced by the rather low quality of Russian language teaching in the country's regions. In light of the current geopolitical situation, strengthening the position of the Russian language in Kyrgyzstan contributes to the establishment and development of statehood and interethnic and international cooperation. The aim of the study is to identify the main processes and trends affecting the status and position of the Russian language in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan after the collapse of the USSR. In order to achieve the aim, the authors of the article used various materials, among which: The Constitution of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, normative legal documents regulating the language policy of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan.

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Andronova, Inna V., Tigran S. Mikayelyan, and Maria V. Maslova. "Transformation of Russia’s Presence in Kyrgyzstan." Economic Strategies 144 (May 20, 2020): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33917/es-3.169.2020.74-79.

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The article dwells on the changing role of Russia in Kyrgyzstan, identifies trends of the main country's indicators in trade and direct investment, describes humanitarian cooperation between two countries. The authors make an assessment of Kyrgyzstan's economic potential, examine the main industries and agriculture of the country, identify its investment attractiveness for foreign partners.

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Dzhailova, Asel. "Economy of Kyrgyzstan in the Framework of the Integration Strategy for Silk Road Revival." Journal of Eurasian Economies 2, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/j02.1.0111.

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In this study, an assessment of the need and the effectiveness, as well as the prerequisites for the integration of the Kyrgyz economy into the implementation of the Chinese strategy for the revival of the Silk Road has been made. The main directions and mechanisms of the dynamic development of the economy of Kyrgyzstan in the context of deepening integration are considered. To this end, the current level of trade, as well as the economic and investment cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and the People's Republic of China (PRC) are examined. Measures are outlined to ensure a balance in the foreign trade turnover of Kyrgyzstan with the PRC, and to increase the Kyrgyzstan's export potential. In this context, positive and negative trends in the bilateral cooperation for the implementation of large infrastructure projects are identified. Guidelines for expanding mutually beneficial economic cooperation in the field of farming and processing of agricultural products are determined. Recommendations to strengthen the mutually beneficial economic cooperation in the development of hydro-power resources of Kyrgyzstan, the implementation of transport and transit projects, and the construction of international logistics centers are proposed.

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Kock, Timothy K. "Using an Active Learning Approach (the 4-H model) to Stimulate Social Change: Youth and Community Development in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan." Journal of Youth Development 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2010.221.

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As Kyrgyzstan recovers from the collapse of the Soviet Union, the youth of this Newly Independent State (NIS) face troubling times. Poverty has become all to familiar throughout the country; its people, including youth, are losing hope and question their ability to be productive members of society (Lines & Kock, 2004). Kyrgyzstan’s future leaders – like all nations - are found among its youth of today. Therefore, it behooves the government and citizens of Kyrgyzstan to develop youth centers designed to enhance the skills young people need to succeed now and in the future. This paper describes a program designed to teach Kyrgyz youth and adults teamwork, and civic responsibility through experiential learning activities. The paper outlines the steps taken and results derived from the hands-on trainings provided to the participants in one location in Kyrgyzstan. Findings from this study may have implications for other international youth development projects.

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Tashmurzaeva, G., and E. Akhmetova. "Stock Exchange Activity in the Securities Market." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 6 (June 14, 2024): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/103/52.

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The article demonstrates the results of a study of the current state of the financial market of Kyrgyzstan using indicators that form the Financial Development Index (FMI), developed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The analysis conducted for 2023 showed that along with positive trends in the growth of the number of financial institutions, the financial market of Kyrgyzstan is characterized by most of the problems of emerging markets. At the same time, the performance indicators of financial institutions characterizing the banking sector showed a negative trend. Based on the results of the analysis, a conclusion was made about the development of the financial market of Kyrgyzstan with its imbalance and a decrease in the efficiency of the credit segment, which is a key one. In general, there has been no significant improvement in most indicators of financial development, therefore, a noticeable change in Kyrgyzstan’s position in the IMF rating on the financial development index is not visible in the near future.

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Ибрагимова, Г. К., and К. С. Ишенова. "СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА В ЕАЭС." Vestnik Bishkek state university af K Karasaev 2, no. 68 (June 30, 2024): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bsu/2024.68.05.

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This article discusses the development of Kyrgyzstan in international economic relations and the advantages of integration in the Eurasian Economic Union. Based on the statistical data of Kyrgyzstan, an analysis of foreign trade in recent years and export-import operations with the EAEU countries has been carried out. As a result, the reasons for the decline in the republic's foreign trade turnover with the EAEU countries were established and measures were outlined for their further growth. A considerable contribution to the integration process of Kyrgyzstan with the Russian Federation is made by the russian-Kyrgyz Development Fund, which provides significant assistance in financing and lending for the modernization and formation of the Kyrgyz economy. To further promote effective integration projects, investments are needed through financing from the Eurasian Development Bank. Despite some problems and shortcomings from Kyrgyzstan's accession to the EAEU, the country is developing, and integration gives the national economy of the republic great opportunities for market openness, division of labor and international competition.

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Sharueva, Marina V. "THE CRITICAL ISSUES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF KYRGYZSTAN (THE LATER 20TH – THE EARLY 21ST CENTURY)." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 3 (2021): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-3-130-142.

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The article is concerned with the issues of socio-economic development of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan at the present stage. The analysis of the current state of the national socio-political sphere is preceded by a short excursus into Kyrgyzstan’s history, with an emphasis on analyzing the causes of the economic crisis of the early 1990s, identifying national approaches to stabilization and examining local specifics of the transition from the command economy to market one. The author also underlines the close interconnection between economic and (ethno)political processes in the newly independent states and, based on that point, examines the economic consequences of the coups d’état in Kyrgyzstan, the dominance of the clan system and the division of Kyrgyz political elites into “northern” and “southern” ones, the policy of prevarication repeatedly resorted to by Kyrgyz leaders who were forced to seek compromise between different pressure groups inside and outside the country, etc. In order to emphasize the importance of cross-national and inter-ethnic relations for stable economic development, the author lists the risk factors that Kyrgyzstan has to face (conflicts between the Kyrgyz and ethnic Uzbeks in the Osh region, armed confrontations over the shortage of water resources on the borders of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, etc.).

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Wilkinson, Cai. "Imagining Kyrgyzstan's nationhood and statehood: reactions to the 2010 Osh violence." Nationalities Papers 43, no. 3 (May 2015): 417–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2014.961127.

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This article explores the tensions inherent in how Kyrgyzstan's nationhood and statehood have been imagined and practised via an analysis of local reactions to the findings of the Kyrgyzstan Inquiry Commission's (KIC) investigation into the 2010 Osh violence and in particular the threat narrative that developed in opposition to the investigation. In the wake of the clashes that erupted in Osh in June 2010, a recurrent theme was calls from the international community for an independent investigation. Within Kyrgyzstan, however, some politicians argued that investigations violated the republic's sovereignty. Despite local reluctance, a number of investigations did subsequently take place. Yet the reports of the respective investigations did little to quell controversy, with the KIC report being strongly criticized and declared a threat to national security. The strength of feeling demonstrated by this reaction was indicative of long-standing and unresolved tensions in Kyrgyzstan between international and local imaginings of nationhood and statehood. The article concludes by arguing that nationhood and statehood need to be reimagined to focus on reestablishing state-society relations by both local and international actors in order for Kyrgyzstan to begin repairing the already fragile sociopolitical relationships that were grievously damaged by the violence and the subsequent investigations.

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Zakirov, Alymjan, and Ilyas Tashtemirov. "“SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROCESSES IN MODERN KYRGYZSTAN: MONITORING AND DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGES AFTER GAINING INDEPENDENCE”." Alatoo Academic Studies 20, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2020.202.14.

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The article highlights monitoring and dynamics of language development in post-soviet Kyrgyzstan. The crucial politico-social changes after the collapse of the USSR affected greatly the language situation of the country. Hence, this article’s aim is to give some sociolinguistic analysis to the following issues: • To monitor country’s up-to date language situation • To speak on the new language policy of Kyrgyzstan in modern stage • To encounter new socio-economic and political challenges in the process of language lawmaking • To define the interrelationships between dominant languages and vernaculars of minority communities This article also explains the reasons of granting Russian language the status of Lingua Franca, immediately after Kyrgyzstan’s becoming an independent state. One of the acute problems today is corpus planning, which means codification of newly coined or borrowed words. The flow of new terminology from the other languages, especially “Americanisms” and “Englishisisms” which replaced so-called “Sovietisms”, needs to be standardized according to the linguistic norms of state (Kyrgyz) language. The article also reveals “hierarchical” disposition of main languages due to their functional load in 20 domains of Kyrgyzstan. For the last 28 years’ tremendous changes have happened in language space of Kyrgyzstan, directly touching upon the positions of Kyrgyz, Russian, Uzbek, English, Turkish and other languages. Therefore, language system of Kyrgyzstan nowadays presents complex, intertwined interrelations between all nationalities residing in Kyrgyzstan and language cooperation among them. It happened because of some socio-political reasons: 1) The flow of Russian speaking population from industrial areas to the Russian Federation. 2) Changing demographic situation on the country. 3) Inner immigration process when many unemployed people from the distant regions came to Bishkek and Chui valley to find job possibilities.

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Chukin, Almas. "Free Kyrgyzstan." Current History 93, no. 582 (April 1, 1994): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.1994.93.582.169.

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Junisbai, Barbara, Azamat Junisbai, and Baurzhan Zhussupov. "Two Countries, Five Years: Islam in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan through the Lens of Public Opinion Surveys." Central Asian Affairs 4, no. 1 (December 30, 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142290-00401001.

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Drawing on two waves of public opinion surveys conducted in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, we investigate the rise in religiosity and orthodoxy among Central Asian Muslims. We confirm that a religious revival is underway, with nearly 100 percent of Kazakhstani and Kyrgyzstani Muslims self-identifying as such in 2012—up from 80 percent in Kazakhstan in 2007. If we dig a bit deeper, however, we observe cross-national variations. Religious practice, as measured by daily prayer and weekly mosque attendance, is up in Kyrgyzstan, but has fallen in Kazakhstan. While the share of those who express preferences associated with religious orthodoxy has grown in both, this group has more than doubled in Kazakhstan. We attribute these differences to political context, both in terms of cross-national political variation and, within each country, variation based on regional differences.

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Yusupova, Gulshara Niyazovna, Nina Arkadievna Yugai, Muktar Duishionovic Choguldurov, and Svetlana Aminovna Khubieva. "Development of water resources infrastructure in the Kyrgyz Republic: conflict potential." BIO Web of Conferences 83 (2024): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248304001.

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The article examines the potential of the infrastructure of water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic through the prism of the economic sustainability of the country, as well as issues of management and use. Water resources management is crucial for the further development of Kyrgyzstan. This includes improving the efficiency of water use in agriculture, responsible and sustainable development of hydropower resources, ensuring access to clean water for all segments of the population. The problems facing the water resources of Kyrgyzstan are noted, which, with the right policies, can use its water resources to promote economic growth and improve the well-being of its citizens. The potential of the water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic, which play an important role in the economic and political security of not only our country, but also the entire region of Central Asia, is considered. The water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic are completely formed on its own territory, and this is the political, economic and strategic advantage of the country. Kyrgyzstan is the only country in Central Asia with impressive water and hydropower resources. This should be Kyrgyzstan’s biggest chance as a “water power”.

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Ashiraliev, Abdiumamatkadyr, Kulumkan A. Kokumbaeva, Aisulu A. Turdukulova, Kumushay K. Sultanalieva, and Mahabat B. Kochkorova. "THE STATE OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC AND WAYS TO REDUCE THEM (ON THE EXAMPLE OF VEHICLES)." SOFT MEASUREMENTS AND COMPUTING 6, no. 79 (2024): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/2618-9976.2024.06.006.

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The main cause of global warming and climate change is the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the Earth's atmosphere. Different countries around the world emit different amounts and compositions of greenhouse gases. This article aims to clarify the places of the Kyrgyz Republic in terms of GHG emissions and to identify the main types of sources. We analyzed the system for collecting statistical data in the Kyrgyz Republic on climate change indicators. Indicators have been identified where the methodology has been approved at the national level, for which statistical data are regularly published. Kyrgyzstan's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) set targets for unconditional reductions in greenhouse gas emissions for 2025–2030. The level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Kyrgyzstan is relatively low. This is due to the fact that one type of energy generating stations predominates in the country – hydroelectric power plants (HPPs). However, in Kyrgyzstan, the energy system takes first place, and the road transport system takes second place, emitting a significant amount of GHGs. The article analyzes ways to reduce the volume of GHGs emitted by the motor transport industry of Kyrgyzstan.

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Nurmatov, Temirbek. "Perspectives of the Kyrgyz Republic on Eurasia." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 75, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928418821472.

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The Kyrgyz Republic was a co-founder of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), one of the first countries to sign the Collective Security Treaty (CST). Participation in the Treaty is a guarantee of its own security for Kyrgyzstan. The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), becoming the culmination of the formal economic integration of Russia and Central Asian countries, set as its primary goal the creation of common regional markets for goods, services, capital and labour, which implies unrestricted freedom of trade and labour migration between member countries and unified customs procedures. The participation of Kyrgyzstan in the EAEU is a historically conditioned need for the revival and strengthening of trade and economic ties. Kyrgyzstan’s road, rail and air links mainly pass through the EEU countries.

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Duishekeeva, Aina. "Этномазаика программ радио «Достук» Общественной телерадиовещательной корпорации Кыргызстана." Świat Idei i Polityki 18, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 442–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/siip201924.

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Kyrgyzstan is a multi-ethnic state in which representatives of more than 100 different ethnic groups live. Media content of Kyrgyzstan reflects multilingualism and culture of ethnic groups living in the republic. Nowadays, the print media (newspapers, magazines) are presented in the information field of Kyrgyzstan, the main purpose of which is the versatile coverage of the life of a particular ethnic group, its interaction in a multi-ethnic society. If the ethno-thematic materials of these publications are not absolute, they can be predominant, which gives the right to classify them as ethnic media. Their founders are ethnic public associations, sources of financing are ethnic communities, and also in some cases ethnic ancestral home. According to the latest data, about 10 ethnic public associations have their own print media. The state provides broadcasting to ethnic groups in their native language in the Public Broadcasting Corporation (PBC) of the Kyrgyz Republic. The editorial policy of PBC is built in the interests of Kyrgyzstan’s population, taking into account the ethnic, national and cultural diversity of the country. In a television format, all ethnic groups in Kyrgyzstan have the opportunity to participate in special television programs of the PBC that cover the ethnic sphere, such as “Wheel of Life (Колесо жизни)”, “Our country Kyrgyzstan (Мекеним Кыргызстан), as well as in ethnographic programs of other private television channels 1–2 times a year. Radio Dostuk (Friendship) was launched as part of the PBC development strategy for the period 2013–2015, as well as complying with the concept of strengthening the unity of the people and interethnic relations in the Kyrgyz Republic. The main content of the radio is created in close cooperation with the diasporas, as well as with the Assembly of the Peoples of Kyrgyzstan. Today, Tatars, Uighurs, Ukrainians, Poles and other nations can broadcast their programmes on Dostuk Radio. Nowadays, more than ever, it is necessary to develop a culture of interethnic relations, interpersonal dialogue in a multi-ethnic society. Therefore, it is important that the media contribute to the strengthening of statehood and the formation of a common civic identity for Kyrgyz citizens.

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Kerimkulova, Merimkul, Klara Shakirova, Baktygul Esenalieva, Svetlana Makeeva, and Saltanat Omurova. "Manufacturing industry potential of the Kyrgyz Republic in Eurasian economic integration." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/sei.v5i2.id252.

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The Kyrgyz Republic, as a developing country with a socialist past, has great opportunities for further economic development. An important factor to consider is the growth of the manufacturing industry, which highlights the significance of analyzing this sector within the country. This study centers on the potential contribution of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), of which Kyrgyzstan is a constituent, towards the advancement of this industry. The research aimed to evaluate the current manufacturing capacity of the Kyrgyz Republic in the industrial sector and to comprehend the influence of the EAEU on industry growth. The main methods that were used during the writing of the research were analysis, forecasting, abstraction, and historical analysis. The work analyzed the industrial sector of Kyrgyzstan within the framework of its integration into the EAEU. The research assessed the historical background of Kyrgyzstan’s accession to the EAEU and the subsequent harmonization of national legislation with the provisions and requirements of the union. In addition, data comparing the industrial production and growth rates of Kyrgyzstan, Armenia, and Kazakhstan have been presented, highlighting notable trends and differences. The work examines specific components of the manufacturing industry of the Kyrgyz Republic, the manufacture of food, beverages, and tobacco products; rubber and plastic manufacture, and non-metallic mineral goods; manufacturing of basic metals and metal products (excluding machinery and equipment); and supply of electricity, gas, steam, and conditioned air. It also talks about the manufacturing sector's importance in Kyrgyzstan, current trends, and possible future improvements, and it enables the assessment of the country's involvement in the EAEU.

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Albanbaeva, D. "Staff Satisfaction Assessment Systems Universities of Kyrgyzstan." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 8 (August 15, 2023): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/93/31.

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This article explores the systems for assessing employee satisfaction in universities in Kyrgyzstan. It discusses various methods and tools used to evaluate employee satisfaction and their impact on overall effectiveness and development of the university. The article also examines the benefits and importance of employee satisfaction assessment systems for modern universities, their influence on creating a favorable work environment, and employee motivation. Readers will gain an overview of the main employee satisfaction assessment systems implemented in Kyrgyzstan’s universities and learn how these systems help improve working conditions and enhance the productivity of university staff.

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Gabbay, Shaul M. "Kyrgyzstan at a Crossroads: Democracy and the Struggle for Human Rights." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 12 (January 1, 2024): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1012.16094.

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This paper examines the current human rights situation in Kyrgyzstan, a Central Asian country with a complex history and a challenging human rights record. Despite gaining independence in 1991 and making strides towards democratization, Kyrgyzstan continues to grapple with serious human rights issues. This analysis focuses on three critical areas: the use of torture by law enforcement and security services, restrictions on free expression, and interference with the freedom of association. This paper highlights the gap between the government's commitments to human rights reforms and the reality of persistent abuses and systemic challenges. The study finds that these human rights abuses are not isolated incidents but are indicative of deeper societal and governmental issues that hinder Kyrgyzstan's democratic development. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for comprehensive reforms and continued domestic and international efforts to address these human rights challenges.

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Инь, Лэ. "SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AND INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION AREAS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN KYRGYZSTAN AND CHINA." Vestnik Bishkek state university af. K. Karasaev 2, no. 60 (April 1, 2022): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bhu/2022.60.81.

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In recent years, the importance of China as the largest player in international relations for Kyrgyzstan has increased. China's direct investment in Kyrgyzstan is expanding, and bilateral economic and technological cooperation between China and Kyrgyzstan has achieved remarkable results. Cooperation has been formed between China and Kyrgyzstan in the field of transport, electricity, mineral resource development and telecommunications, which play an important role in the economic development of Kyrgyzstan and the improvement of people's lives. This article discusses the development of economic relations at the present stage between China and Kyrgyzstan, where there is a need to attract foreign direct investment from China, which in recent years has occupied a specific weight in Kyrgyzstan in terms of the flow of foreign investment for the largest projects on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic.

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Merrill, Martha, and Chynara Ryskulova. "Kyrgyzstan's New Degree System." International Higher Education, no. 68 (March 25, 2015): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2012.68.8623.

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Kyrgyzstan is replacing Soviet-era degrees with Bachelor's and Master's degrees, and contact hours with credit hours. This aligns Kyrgyzstan's higher education system with those of neighboring nations that have been accepted into the Bologna Process. However, many problems are likely to arise, because few educators, students, parents, or employers fully understand the new system and resources available to implement it are minimal.

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Tobakalov, Ch. "Relations of Sovereign Kyrgyzstan in the Economic and Social Spheres." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 410–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/59/36.

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Kyrgyzstan strives to strengthen and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in all sectors of the national economy. When forming economic and social ties, the Kyrgyz Republic also primarily paid attention to the development of relations with the CIS countries, especially with Central Asia and Kazakhstan. 90’s. in the first half of the year, Kyrgyzstan’s export-import relations were Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Belarus, followed by Kazakhstan.

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Asankulova, A., and A. D. Obozov. "Biogas in Kyrgyzstan." Applied Solar Energy 43, no. 4 (October 2007): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s11949-007-4017-5.

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Asankulova, A., and A. D. Obozov. "Biogas in Kyrgyzstan." Applied Solar Energy 43, no. 4 (October 2007): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0003701x07040172.

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Valery Vyzhutovich. "KYRGYZSTAN: NINTH ATTEMPT." Current Digest of the Russian Press, The 73, no. 016 (April 18, 2021): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/dsp.68115171.

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Deitch, Christian. "Kyrgyzstan: Democracy stalled?" Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2968/061001005.

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Yacher, Leon. "Photographic Journal: Kyrgyzstan." Focus on Geography 48, no. 3 (September 2005): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8535.2005.tb00148.x.

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Akmatova, Amanay Tursunbaevna. "INDUSTRIAL SOVIET KYRGYZSTAN." Theoretical & Applied Science 65, no. 09 (September 30, 2018): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2018.09.65.32.

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Lee, Euna, and Jai S. Mah. "Industrial Policy, Industrialization and Economic Development of Kyrgyzstan." Asian Social Science 16, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v16n9p41.

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Kyrgyzstan pursued the market-based reform in the process of transition. Based on the literature review and statistical data covering 1990s-2010s, this paper explains economic development and industrialization of Kyrgyzstan in its transition process. The government of Kyrgyzstan promoted several priority sectors including agriculture, mining, energy, garment and agro-processing industry by industrial policy measures. There is little evidence that Kyrgyzstan has a comparative advantage in agriculture. Gold mining is expected to be depleted by 2020s. Kyrgyzstan appears to be competitive in hydroelectricity generation and agro-processing industry. Although the garment industry has led the manufacturing sector, it has been losing the foreign investors’ attention. Therefore, it is necessary for Kyrgyzstan to think of the next stage of economic development with the new industrial-led economic development strategy. The government of Kyrgyzstan may benefit from promoting value-added industries. For such value-added industries to develop, strengthening infrastructure particularly in human capital would be critical.

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Luchterhandt, Otto. "Der Grenzkrieg Kyrgyzstan-Tadschikistan." osteuropa 72, no. 9-10 (2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.35998/oe-2022-188.

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HONGYUAN, ZANG. "Problems and prospects of the project of china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan railway." Sharqshunoslik. Востоковедение. Oriental Studies 03, no. 03 (October 1, 2022): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/os/vol-01issue-03-15.

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It is necessary to consider the possible mutual benefits not only for the three states that are directly involved in the project but also for the benefits of enhanced regional integration. This article will provide a number of recommendations for problems and prospects of the project of China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway. The need for such transport links should be seen in the light of both Uzbekistan’s and Kyrgyzstan’s economic under-development and having enhanced transport links to the wider world could go a long way towards revitalizing these struggling economies. For both landlocked states, (in Uzbekistan’s case ‘Double Landlocked’) connecting to the outside world has been a big issue since gaining independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Central Asia inherited a railway network that in many cases left the newly independent states with transport infrastructure gravitating more towards Moscow than with the rest of the region (or even with other parts of their own countries). Additionally, in the case of Kyrgyzstan more than Uzbekistan.

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Walz, Anita R., and Jyldyz Bekbalaeva. "Assessing the Potential Toward Open Educational Practices in Kyrgyzstan." Open Praxis 10, no. 2 (April 20, 2018): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.10.2.834.

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The study was undertaken to understand the propensity for increased engagement with open educational practices (OEP), to include methods prioritizing student-centered teaching & learning, and awareness, use, and development of open educational resources (OER) among higher education faculty in Kyrgyzstan. The study employed a mixed-methods research design, combining qualitative and quantitative data obtained from 35 faculty, librarians, and administrators in institutions of higher education in Kyrgyzstan. This study aimed to identify current teaching practices and learning resource usage practices, gauge levels of knowledge regarding Kyrgyzstan’s Copyright law, Creative Commons licenses, and Open Educational Resources, and investigate perceptions regarding potential roles for libraries in enabling others’ learning regarding Copyright and Creative Commons, and open educational resources. Analysis of the results revealed a higher than expected gravitation toward student-centered pedagogy than previously assumed. The study also identified broad use of digital downloads as learning materials, conflation of open educational resources with free online resources, and positive perceptions of libraries’ potential to instruct regarding Kyrgyz copyright, Creative Commons, and open educational resources, and needs for further professional development training for librarians.

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Lu, Bin, Feigang Zhang, and Nurbubu Asipova. "Comparative study of the national identity education in senior high school English textbooks from Kyrgyzstan and China." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics 2024, no. 55 (December 29, 2023): 1600–1612. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.160vu0.

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Relevance\Purpose. This paper conducts a comparative quantitative analysis of senior high school English books in Kyrgyzstan and China from the perspective of national identity education. It analyses the information, design, symbolic characteristics, and proportion of national identity education in two versions of English textbooks.Methodology. The study used the textual analysis method and the comparative method.Results. The findings are as follows: English textbooks in Kyrgyzstan pay more attention to national identity and national knowledge system construction, relying on many country-specific themes. Meanwhile, English textbooks for Chinese senior high school focus more on the presentation of an authentic English language context in which the foreign culture proportion is greater than that of the Chinese culture. English textbooks in Kyrgyzstan tend to present Kyrgyzstan identity based on Russian and English languages. The textbooks include three language types to strengthen the consciousness of the Kyrgyzstan national knowledge system. English textbooks in China tend to present English language�speaking countries. The textbooks contain one language�English�and the Chinese language rarely appears on the cover pages.Conclusions. English textbooks in Kyrgyzstan tend to present Kyrgyzstan culture as part of the national identity construction. These textbooks pay more attention to translating local Kyrgyzstan culture and provide more vivid themes to stimulate comparisons between the Kyrgyz Republic and other countries. English textbooks in China tend to construct a multicultural knowledge system by presenting many common, daily topics of world culture and diversity.

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Lazkov, G., A. Sennikov, K. Tojibaev, and B. Sultanova. "New and rare adventive plants from Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan." Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 42 (2011): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2011.42.226.

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New data on the distribution of miscellaneous alien plants in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan are presented. Five species are recorded for the first time from Middle Asia as well: Cerastium nemorale Bieb., Hesperis pycnotricha Borb. et Degen, Viola prionantha Bunge, Rorippa austriaca (Crantz) Bess., Carduus acanthoides L. One species is new to Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan: Spergularia rubra (L.) J. et С Presl. Two species are found as new to Kyrgyzstan: Bunias orientalis L., Bidens frondosa L. New localities of 2 species, Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. and Ambrosia artemisifolia L., are discovered in Kyrgyzstan.

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Musa kyzy, A. "Implementation of Russian “Soft power” Foreign Policy Strategy in Kyrgyzstan." Governance and Politics 1, no. 3 (January 11, 2023): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2782-7062-2022-1-3-101-115.

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The article reveals and discusses the various tools used in implementing the Russian “soft power” foreign policy strategy in Kyrgyzstan. It reviews trade and economic cooperation, a priority area of work in bilateral relations between Russian and Kyrgyzstan. The author analyzes the activities of Russian organizations and cultural centers that promote and support humanitarian projects in Kyrgyzstan. Considerable attention is paid to Russian educational programs, projects and grants. Key factors are identified that have determined the development of Russia's “soft power" in Kyrgyzstan at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries.

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Aidarov, A. "The Role of Education in the Formation of Ecological Culture." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 5 (May 15, 2021): 468–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/66/51.

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In the article, the author emphasizes that environmental education and upbringing cannot be effective without properly forming an environmental outlook. In order for Kyrgyzstanis to truly take an active part in eliminating the threat of an environmental crisis, in order for it to become their vital need, its ability and value orientation is necessary. In this context, the main paradigm of environmental education and upbringing in Kyrgyzstan is the formation of an ecological culture of the population.

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Aljembayeva, Nurgul, Saltanat Imankulova, Rimma Nogoibayeva, and Rosa Aknazarova. "The role of public-private partnership in overcoming poverty in the Kyrgyz Republic." BIO Web of Conferences 83 (2024): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248307006.

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Kyrgyzstan has been experiencing an “infrastructure deficit” for many years. It is expressed in the deplorable condition of roads, hospitals, schools, kindergartens, administrative buildings and other infrastructure facilities. One of the indicators of infrastructure quality is the global competitiveness index of countries. Among 133 countries of the world, Kyrgyzstan ranks 112th in terms of the quality of infrastructure in general. That is, it is included in the 30 countries of the world with the worst quality of infrastructure. This once again shows the country’s need for renewal, modernization and construction of new infrastructure facilities. For many years, the country has resorted to borrowing money from international creditors when it was necessary to build or repair existing infrastructure. As a result, about 90% of all Kyrgyzstan’s external loans today are debts for the construction of roads and energy facilities. However, the country can no longer follow this path today. Thus, at the end of 2021, Kyrgyzstan’s public debt amounted to $5 billion 147.22 million, or 60.33% of GDP. The high level of public debt and the recommendation of international institutions to refrain from increasing it led to the search for new instruments to finance new construction and modernization of existing socially important facilities. The mechanism of public-private partnership has become such a tool for the Kyrgyz Republic.

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Gaedike, R. "The Tineoidea of Kyrgyzstan with the description of Nemapogon kalliesi Gaedike, sp. n. and a list of species from adjacent countries (Lepidoptera: Meessiidae, Tineidae)." SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 50, no. 199 (September 30, 2022): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.57065/shilap.64.

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Nemapogon kalliesi Gaedike, sp. n., is described from Kyrgyzstan and new country records are presented for Trichophaga ziniella Zagulajev, 1960 and Tinea bothniella Svensson, 1953. Sixteen species are now known from Kyrgyzstan. A list is given of the taxa of Meessiidae and Tineidae of Kyrgyzstan and the adjacent countries Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan.

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Langourov, Mario. "A new species of Triphleba Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae) from Kyrgyzstan with some other scuttle flies from the region." Ecologica Montenegrina 29 (March 14, 2020): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2020.29.4.

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A new species of Triphleba Rondani is described and illustrated from Kyrgyzstan. We provide data on the sampling site, photos of the new species and brief differential diagnosis to separate from related species. Additionally, another ten species from Kyrgyzstan are reported and shortly discussed. All they are recorded for the first time for Kyrgyzstan and respectively Central Asia.

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ASANKANOV, ABYLABEK. "Civil Society as a Factor of Stability of Interethnic Relations in Kyrgyzstan." Middle & Post-Soviet East, no. 1 (2023): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/j.2949-2408.2023.01.02.

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The article examines the state policy on the formation of civil society and civil identity – Kyrgyz Zharany (citizen of Kyrgyzstan) – among representatives of all ethnic groups of the country’s population, as one of the factors for establishing stability and tolerance of interethnic relations in Kyrgyzstan, after conflicts on national grounds in the south of Kyrgyzstan in June 2010.

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Tian, Fuchang. "Research on the Constitutional Reform of Kyrgyzstan and Its Influence on Political Transformation." Studies in Social Science Research 5, no. 2 (May 18, 2024): p62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v5n2p62.

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In the 1990s, Union Republic of the Soviet Union Kyrgyzstan passively began the process of national independence and political transformation. As a country in transition, all the constitutions in Kyrgyzstan not only regulate the political life of the country, but also epitomize the practice of political transition. By combing the history of political transformation and constitutional reform in Kyrgyzstan, this paper analyzes the main contents and characteristics of the successive constitutional amendments in Kyrgyzstan by using the methods of literature analysis, text analysis and comparative study, and focus on analyzing the impact of constitutional reform on political transformation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Kyrgyzstan'

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