Academic literature on the topic 'Kuranda mission'

[Rev. of: Vesti-Kuranty: 1671–1672, preparation, research, commentary by I. Maier, S. M. Shamin, A. V. Kuznetsova, I. A. Kornilaeva, V. B. Krysko with contribution of E. V. Amanova, ed. by V. B. Krysko, I. Maier, Moscow, 2017, 806 pp., illustr., 27 cm] The article is devoted to the discussion of the new issue of Vesti-Kuranty, a large project of the V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute, spanning almost half a century and performed by a whole team of authors. Vesti-Kuranty are Russian foreign press reports, a sort of medieval digests from the most recent publications about the main events in the political life of the 17th century. The content of the seventh volume allows one to trace the development of publishing techniques of this special type of documents compiled by the diplomatic workers of the capital (government officials of the Ambassadorial Order) and intended for the chosen audience – only the Russian government, that is, the Tsar and the Boyars Duma. Since the publication of the first volume in 1972, the structure of the work has fundamentally changed, since the Russian digest texts are now published side-by-side with their identified foreign sources; the researchers go to the finest detail to explain all the different methods of message composing, which have been based on a vast amount of information (including that which was missing in the originals, but was well-known by the Russian clerks). Vesti-Kuranty is one of the most valuable sources on the history of Russian foreign policy, the literary and political language of the educated segment of Moscow society, their perceptions and attitudes towards the artifacts of foreign cultures. The author of this review thinks that the methods of publication of Vesti-Kurantу will continue improving. The publishers are forced to test different ways of presenting the text to their readers, because each new issue of Vesti contains more and more material from year to year as new facts are uncovered.

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a state of occurrence of decayed (cavities and non cavities), missing (due to caries), or filling on one or more deciduous teeth in children aged ≤ 71 months. Wayne (1999) divided the severity of ECC into three classifications based on clinical signs, causes, and age of the child namely type I (mild), type II (moderate), and type III (severe). The rate of caries incidence is increasing in children who consume milk using bottles. Clinical pattern to ECC caused by bottle feeding has a distinctive pattern, which is about four upper incisors, while four lower incisors usually remain healthy. This study aims to determine the correlation between the history and pattern of bottle feeding and the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City. This study is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 58 children aged 3-5 years with a history of bottle feeding for at least two years. Samples are selected through consecutive sampling technique. Data are collected using questionnaires and through examining respondents' oral cavity. Data collected are analyzed using Chi-Square Test. Statistical test result shown p < 0,15 for each pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures. P is valued as > 0,15 for bottle feeding method. There is a significant relationship between the history and the pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures with the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City.

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a state of occurrence of decayed (cavities and non cavities), missing (due to caries), or filling on one or more deciduous teeth in children aged ≤ 71 months. Wayne (1999) divided the severity of ECC into three classifications based on clinical signs, causes, and age of the child namely type I (mild), type II (moderate), and type III (severe). The rate of caries incidence is increasing in children who consume milk using bottles. Clinical pattern to ECC caused by bottle feeding has a distinctive pattern, which is about four upper incisors, while four lower incisors usually remain healthy. This study aims to determine the correlation between the history and pattern of bottle feeding and the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City. This study is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 58 children aged 3-5 years with a history of bottle feeding for at least two years. Samples are selected through consecutive sampling technique. Data are collected using questionnaires and through examining respondents' oral cavity. Data collected are analyzed using Chi-Square Test. Statistical test result shown p < 0,15 for each pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures. P is valued as > 0,15 for bottle feeding method. There is a significant relationship between the history and the pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures with the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City.

This thesis examines the interplay between autonomy and dependence in domestic relations in a north Queensland urban Aboriginal community. Autonomy and dependence are mutually related principles of sociality which structure not only gender roles in Aboriginal domestic life, but also the relationships Aboriginal people establish with Europeans. This thesis offers a different view of the nature of households and the dynamics of gender relations in Aboriginal households from the prevailing emphasis on matrifocality as a dominant form in contemporary Aboriginal domestic life. Although matrifocality may be a feature of certain of the mundane dynamics of households, the model fundamentally misrepresents power relationships. In this thesis Aboriginal domestic relations and household organisation are approached through an appreciation of the historical circumstances which have influenced gender roles within the Aboriginal family. The contemporary Aboriginal family, it is argued, is more complex in its internal dynamics than was previously thought and cannot be understood without considering both the relationship between Aboriginal people and the State, and the specific cultural patterns of household life. Today the majority of Kuranda Aboriginal households depend on welfare income with little opportunity for wage labour. Women appear to be materially advantaged by welfare benefits and to have a potential for consolidating this advantage through their prominence in domestic life. But in practice Aboriginal men dominate domestic relations and succeed in monopolising the material resources of others, particularly those resources belonging to women. Cultural ideals about gender roles in domestic life cast women as nurturers who look after children and men, as their dependents. Through these ideals men legitimate their relationships with women and lay claim to women’s goods and services. In the same cultural process women themselves expect to look after and provide for others. Autonomy in such relationships emerges as the ability to appropriate and command the resources of another, but paradoxically this is achieved often through a position of dependence. Consequently, a woman with many resources is constantly under pressure from claims by dependent men to relinquish her resources. Thus she loses any capacity for, or means to control the accumulation of goods and services. The same principles structure wider Aboriginal social relations. Aboriginal people in Kuranda often became dependents of Europeans in a boss-dependent relationship where the primary aim of the relationship from the Aboriginal point of view, is access to the goods and services of their boss. In the domestic sphere the Aboriginal boss is usually a woman who must care for her dependents. Similarly, Aboriginal people structure their relationships with Europeans by seeking a European boss, who is also like to be female, as an extension of the same principle of dependency and autonomy. Aboriginal people develop gender relationships of this kind within their own community and they work successfully, but the same relationships with Europeans, even within the same sex, lack a mutual understanding of the basis and expectations of the arrangement. Subsequent cultural misunderstandings ultimately marginalise, not maximise, the knowledge and involvement of Aboriginal people with the wider society.

Syrian Protestant women did not join in the published theological debates of the Christian presses in Beirut, but chapter 3 reveals that in the 1880s they began publishing sermons and articles on female education and child-rearing (tarbiya) for the mission periodical al-Nashra al-Usbu’iyya (The Weekly Bulletin). Along with the books and novels that women published at the American Mission Press, these largely neglected articles put Syrian Protestant women at the forefront of the Arab women’s awakening that gained momentum in the early twentieth century and united Christian, Muslim, and Jewish women activists. These proto-feminist authors occupied the traditionally masculine sphere of Arabic production and carved out a space for women’s intellectual and spiritual leadership in the Protestant community. Among these women were the acclaimed journalists Farida ’Atiya, Hanna Kurani, and Julia Tu’ma al-Dimashqiyya.