Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Kudi'

Según el Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), la anemia constituye un problema de salud pública, la cual afecta a niños especialmente en situaciones de pobreza. Sin embargo, una inadecuada alimentación, a partir de grasas, proteínas vacías y carbohidratos puede llevar a infantes de cualquier edad a sufrir de dicha enfermedad. Para hacer frente a dicha enfermedad, muchas familias complementan la alimentación de sus hijos con vitaminas, las cuales tienen diversas fuentes. En la actualidad, el descubrimiento y puesta en valor de las propiedades nutricionales del cushuro, animan a presentar un producto a partir de dicha alga. Kumi Gomitas, es un suplemento nutricional, no golosina, diseñado especialmente para niños, a partir del extracto de cushuro, un alga de las regiones alto andinas, ricas en proteínas y hierro. Kumi Gomitas además se encuentra enriquecidas con camu camu como fuente de vitamina C y endulzado con miel de abeja. Kumi Gomitas, será vendido principalmente en supermercados, tiendas de conveniencia y cadenas de farmacias. La evaluación financiera, muestra que el proyecto es sensible ante cambios en el precio, ya que ante ligeros cambios en los precios (-13%) el proyecto deja generar beneficios, de igual forma al aumentar en precio del cushuro S/ 40.85. Finalmente, concluimos que el proyecto Kumi Gomitas, es viable y esto se ve reflejado a través de la evaluación económica, que da como resultado un VPN para los inversionistas de S/125,699 y una TIR de 23.91%. Asimismo, el proyecto tiene bajo riesgo, porque la inversión se logra recuperar en 2.45 años.
According to the Ministry of Health (MINSA), anemia constitutes a public health problem, which affects children in situations of poverty. However, an inadequate diet, based on fats, empty proteins and carbohydrates can lead infants of any age to suffer from this disease. To cope with this disease, many families supplement the feeding of their children with vitamins, which have various sources. At present, the discovery and enhancement of the nutritional properties of cushuro, encourage the presentation of a product made from said algae. Kumi Gomitas, is a nutritional supplement, not candy, designed especially for children, from the extract of cushuro, an algae from the high Andean regions, rich in protein and iron. Kumi Gummies are also enriched with camu camu as a source of vitamin C and sweetened with honey. Kumi Gomitas, will be sold mainly in supermarkets, convenience stores and pharmacy chains. The financial evaluation shows that the project is sensitive to price changes, since in the event of slight price changes (-13%) the project allows generating profits, in the same way when the price of cushuro increases S / 40.85. Finally, we conclude that the Kumi Gomitas project is viable and this is reflected through the economic evaluation, which results in a NPV for investors of S/125,699 and an IRR of 23.91%. Likewise, the project has low risk, because the investment can be recovered in 2.49 years.
Trabajo de investigación

Cette étude porte sur l’œuvre entière de Kuki Shûzô (1888-1941), non seulement sur sa pensée de la contingence, ses théories de la rime et du temps, son essai sur l’iki (idéal éthique et esthétique de l’époque d’Edo), mais aussi sur ses déclarations d’ordre politico-culturel sur l’ethnie (minzoku) et la guerre. Essai d’histoire de la philosophie japonaise, elle se propose de présenter et d’approfondir les dialogues que Kuki a entretenus, parfois directement, avec l’Europe philosophique de l’époque (notamment Bergson et la phénoménologie), mais aussi avec les philosophes japonais (notamment Watsuji et Tanabe) et un monde intellectuel plus large (le « mouvement pour la culture » de l’ère Taishô, les discussions sur la poésie japonaise, le débat sur la « littérature du hasard »), dialogues à partir desquels les concepts de Kuki ont émergé. Nous interprétons son œuvre en mettant en valeur une tension entre insistance sur le « concret donné » et logique de l’identité. Avancé par Kuki contre l’idée d’universel abstrait, le concret donné est incarné par plusieurs figures du « nous », du commun, qui se caractérisent par la différence avec autrui : l’ethnie, la coexistence intersubjective de l’iki, la rencontre contingente entre individus, dont nous donnons une interprétation phénoménologique. La logique de l’identité est présente dans l’idée d’identité ethnique, la métaphysique de l’éternel retour du même et la praxis de l’assimilation d’autrui dans l’identité du moi. Nous élucidons la manière dont Kuki systématise cette tension, ainsi que les conséquences de cette systématisation sur les questions éthique et politique de la communauté et des rapports entre individu, nation et monde
This study focuses on Kuki Shûzô’s entire oeuvre: not only on his theories of contingency, rhyme, and time, and his essay on iki (the ethical and esthetical ideal of Edo period), but also on his cultural-political assertions on ethnic people (minzoku) and war. This essay on history of Japanese philosophy tries to present and develop dialogues that Kuki maintained, sometimes directly, with European philosophers of the time (in particular Bergson and the phenomenologists), but also Japanese philosophers (in particular Watsuji and Tanabe) as well as the broader intellectual world (the “movement of culturalism” of the Taisho era, debates on Japanese poetry and the “literature of contingency”). It was from these dialogues that Kuki’s concepts emerged.I interpret his oeuvre by emphasizing tensions between insistence on the “given concrete” and the principle of identity. Claimed by Kuki against the idea of an abstract universal, the given concrete is embodied by several figures of “we”, of the common, which are characterised by difference with others: ethnic people, intersubjective coexistence of iki, the contingent encounter between individuals, of which I give a phenomenological interpretation. Logic of identity is represented by the idea of ethnic identity, the metaphysics of eternal return of the same, and the praxis of assimilation of others in the identity of the “I”. I clarify the way Kuki systematizes this tension, as well as the consequences of this systematization on ethical and political problems of community and relationships between the individual, nation, and world

This master‘s thesis is focused on design and development of 2048 game for IPTV service Kuki metropolitan network Netbox. The game is design to fit into Kuki like functionally and graphically. 2048 is implemented by javascript and it saves player's score to compare with others Kuki users. Statistical data are processed in the form of scenarios for future marketing campaign to increase sales of movies.

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Europe and Eurasia))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Tsypkin, Mikhail ; Keyser, Boris. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Russian Language, Language Policy, Russification, Russia, Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Union, Identity, Nationalist, Nationalism, russkie, rossiianne, Baltic States, Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Pushkin, Lermontov, Tolstoy, Romanov Dynasty, Bolsheviks, Communist Party, Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev, Yeltsin, Putin. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-33). Also available in print.

Liu Ch'i, a belletrist of the Chin dynasty (1115-1234), recorded an eyewitness account of the fall of the Chin in his memoir, the Kuei-ch'ien-chih (The Record of One Returned to Obscurity). He was motivated by an inner logic which thematically argues that: The disintegration of effective Chin administration was a direct result of the deterioration of Chin literary standards, symptomatic of a more basic degeneration of the traditional Confucian high culture. The collapse of the Chin climaxed approximately three hundred years of rise and fall (c. 900-1234). As Jurchen tribal organization became inadequate, they imitated the Ch'i-tan model of a dualistic tribal-agrarian society and tended to adopt Chinese institutions. Dynamic decline seemed in direct proportion to the decline in Jurchen institutions. However, Liu Ch'i observed this decline and its climax in the fall of the Chin capital, K'aifeng, and thought that the Chin failed for not fully adopting Chinese ones. His memoir, Kuei-ch'ien-chih, was transmitted from its writing in 1235 to the present edition, the Chung-hua shu-chu Yuan-Ming shi-k'o pi-cho ts'ung-k'an, collated by Ts'ui Wen-yin (second edition 1983). Liu Ch'i illustrates his themes with Chin pesonalities portraying the union of ability-aspiration-achievement to mean the highest combination of traditional Confucian values. He quickly attentuates this theme in the succeeding chuan to show possible variations of failure in a descending taxonomy. In his seventh chuan, Liu Ch'i argues that since the Chin dynasty limited their literary focus of the civil service examinations solely upon the lyric, the prose-poem, and the commentary on the classics, the source of potential leadership, the chin-shih, became intellectually effete leasing to a degeneration in political dynamics. Liu Ch'i's personal rationalization was one of confident expectation despite an involvement in drafting a testimonial to Ts'ui Li, who had betrayed K'aifeng to the Mongols. He felt that time and circumstance were cyclical in nature and that he had fulfilled his destiny and his duty. Liu Ch'i's memoir warrants a closer examination in its entirety to appreciate its inner, thematic logic and a translation of the preface and first three chapters is presented as a preliminary to the full translation.

L'objectif de ce travail est d'etudier la question du temps telle que l'envisage shuzo kuki (1888~1941) , philosophe japonais contemporain de m. Heidegger. Dans une premiere partie, nous avons traduit en francais puis commente un texte de kuki intitule keijijogaku-teki jikan (le temps metaphysique) , dans lequel celui- ci expose sa conception de la temporalite du retour de l'identique. Conciliant infinite et accomplissement en soi, cette conception permet a l'homme de saisir theoriquement la profondeur infinie du moment present. Si la reflexion de kuki prend la temporalite de la transmigration comme point de depart, elle la depasse fondamentalement en envisageant une infinite accomplie. Kuki s'inspire egalement de la temporalite du dasein heideggerien, qui insiste sur le mode de l'avenir, tout en s'en distinguant par l'importance primordiale qu'il accorde au mode present. La deuxieme partie de cette these est consacree a une analyse de la temporalite de la poesie japonaise, dans laquelle kuki voit sa conception du temps s'illustrer concretement. Enfin, dans la troisieme et derniere partie, nous avons degage la temporalite de l'etre humain, que kuki appelle +l'existence; (jitsuzon). Cette existence s'articule en trois modes de l'etre, le possible, le contingent et le necessaire, qui correspondent aux trois modalites temporelles de l'etre qui sont l'avenir, le present et le passe. Dans cette optique, le present du mode contingent est la temporalite du vecu immediat de la rencontre avec l'autre. Nous pouvons donc dire que kuki defend l'idee d'un present accompli en soi, qui s'illustre par exemple dans la temporalite de l'acte gratuit, de la creation poetique ou encore du vecu immediat de la rencontre avec l'autre
The purpose of this thesis is to study the question of time as conceived by shuzo kuki (1888~1941) , japanese philosopher, a contemporary of m. Heidegger. The first part contains a french translation of kuki's text, entitled keijijogaku-teki jikan (metaphysical- time) and a commentary on it. In this text, kuki established the concept of the temporality of a return to the identical. Reconciling the infinite with accomplishment itself, this concpet permits one to logically think about the infinite depth of the present moment. Kuki's thought originates from the temporality of transmigration, but fundamentally extends beyond this by its achieved infinity. Kuki is likewise inspired by the temporality of the heideggerien dasein, which underlines the futur mode despite the fact that kuki's idea differs from the latter by the primary importance of the present mode. The second part is reserved for analysing temporality in japanese poetry, which is the concrete example of kuki's concept of time. The third and final part consists of freeing the temporality of the human being, "existence" {jitsuzon) as kuki calls man. Existence is built upon three modes of being : the possible, the contingent and the necessary. These three modes correspond to those temporal forms of being : the futur, the present and the past. The present of the contingent mode is the temporality of the immediate experience of another's encounter. We can say that kuki defends the concept of the achieved present which has its own proper value. The temporality of genuine action, poetic creation and the immediate experience of another's encounter are examples of this concept

Skeletal remains of the prehistoric New Zealand dog, the kuri, are frequently recovered from archaeological sites. Despite their relative ubiquity only one major study, and the last for twenty five years, has been conducted. That work provided limited anatomical and osteometric information and concluded that the kuri population was homogenous through space and across time. This study set out to provide a more detailed skeletal description and to investigate the question of population homogeneity by examinig kuri skeletal material from five museums and two university anthropology departments. Metric and non-metric data was collected from a total of thirty seven archaeological sites from throuhout New Zealand. Variation within the population was established by comparing coefficients of variation across a number of variables. A program of univariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to examine spatial and temporal variation. Results showed that the appendicular skeleton of the kuri has the highest levels of variation. Smaller limb shaft dimensions of late prehistoric kuri are thought to be due to a reliance on insufficient quantities of marine foods. Tooth wear analysis of late prehistoric dogs showed that they had severe tooth wear compared to �Archaic� dogs.

This thesis investigates the struggle for identity among the tribal people of North-East India with a special reference to the Kuki people of Manipur. It explores the cultural and religious traditions of the people and the changes brought to them in the process of western colonial administration and Christianization in the early part of the twentieth century.  It also investigates the socio-political and cultural situation of the people under the Independent India.  The thesis explores debates within sociology between primordialist and constructivist theoretical perspectives and concludes that, while identity is a social construct, it reflects the real socio-economic, cultural and political context within which it emerges and real struggles for justice and dignity on the part of marginalised peoples.  It is in this light that the current ethnic movements in North-East India are understood and their limitations are described and shown to result from the lack of a critical theological reflection.  This study demonstrates that Christianity, although playing an important role in the formation of the peoples’ identity in the new setting, neglected their traditional cultural values and hence became a factor contributing to the peoples’ identity crisis.  Dalit theology is taken as a dialogue partner in search of relevant theological response to the issue, but it is pointed out that while they have much in common, the additional task for tribal theology is to take into consideration the primal religious past as well as the difficult and complex socio-political realities shaping their present experience in a post-colonial, globalised world. The thesis outlines aspects of Kuki tradition which may contribute to a local theology and, in that process, can shape a new sense of identity, restoring dignity to the Kuki, while respecting the freedom and humanity of other peoples.

Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Although kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and impala (Aepyceros melampus) are found in the same geographical area, there is variation in their diets as kudu are predominantly browsers, feeding on tree and shrub leaves, while impala are known as mixed feeders as they graze and browse. Therefore this poses the question whether the diet would influence their meat quality. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the physical measurements and chemical composition of M. longissimus dorsi, M. biceps femoris, M. semimembranosus, M. semitendinosus and M. supraspinatus for kudu and impala, two southern African antelope species. The effects of age (adult and sub-adult) and gender (male and female) were also determined. The sensory characteristics of the M. longissimus dorsi muscle for sub-adult kudu and impala were investigated. Correlations between the various physical measurements and chemical composition of the meat were verified. Physical measurements and chemical composition of the M. longissimus dorsi muscle were tested for correlations with the sensory ratings of the meat. Dressing percentage of impala (59.88%) (n=28) was higher than that of kudu (57.60%) (n=35). The main effects (species, gender and age) showed no differences for drip loss and cooking loss. However, muscles differed in terms of cooking loss with impala M. semitendinosus having the highest (38.28%) value and kudu M. longissimus dorsi having the lowest value (30.77%). For impala, the highest Warner–Bratzler shear (WBS) values were measured for M. semimembranosus (5.90 kg/1.27cmø), followed by M. biceps femoris, M. longissimus dorsi, and M. semitendinosus with the lowest WBS values measured for M. supraspinatus (3.61 kg/1.27cmø). All impala muscles had lower L* values and appeared darker in colour than kudu muscles, except for M. supraspinatus. Adult animals also had lower L* values than the sub-adult group. Kudu had significantly higher a* and b* values (more red) than impala. Chroma values were higher for kudu, thus appearing brighter in colour. The respective muscles of kudu and impala investigated differed significantly in terms of physical characteristics. However, gender and age did not have an effect on the physical measurements. Moisture content was higher in kudu meat (76.46%) than in impala meat (75.28%). Muscles differed for both moisture and fat content. The highest fat was found in M. supraspinatus followed by M. biceps femoris, M. semitendinosus, M. semimembranosus and M. longissimus dorsi. Protein content did not differ between species (kudu: 21.66%; impala: 22.26%), gender (male: 21.98%; female: 21.95%) and age groups (adult: 21.74%; sub-adult: 22.18%). Kudu M. longissimus dorsi (1.62%) had lower fat content than impala M. longissimus dorsi (2.22%) and female animals had a higher fat content than male animals. Sub-adults (1.20 ± 0.02%) had higher ash content than adults (1.10 ± 0.03%). The M. supraspinatus had the lowest protein and also the highest fat content, with M. semimembranosus having the lowest fat content but the highest value for protein. Myoglobin content did not differ between species, although females had higher (6.58 ± 0.20 mg/g) myoglobin content than males (5.11 ± 0.25 mg/g). Glycolitic muscles had the lowest myoglobin content with the highest values found in M. supraspinatus, an oxidative muscle. An interaction was noted between species and muscle for myoglobin content. Myoglobin content in impala M. longissimus dorsi was higher than that in kudu M. longissimus dorsi; however for all other muscles the myoglobin content was lower in impala. Gender did not affect mineral content. Potassium levels were highest for kudu while phosphorus was more prevalent in impala meat. Adult and sub-adult groups differed in terms of potassium, calcium and zinc content. Potassium and calcium content were higher for subadult animals while zinc content was higher in adult animals. In impala meat, stearic acid (22.67%) was the major fatty acid, followed by palmitic acid (16.66%). In contrast, oleic acid (24.35%) was the most profuse fatty acid in kudu, followed by linoleic acid (22.95%). The SFA’s as a percentage of the total fatty acids differed between impala (51.12%) and kudu meat (34.87%). Kudu meat had a higher concentration of total PUFA (38.88%) than impala (34.06%) meat. The PUFA: SFA ratio for kudu meat (1.22) was more favourable than that for impala meat (0.73). The ratio of n-6 PUFA’s to n-3 PUFA’s for kudu and impala were determined as 2.22 and 3.76 respectively. From the current findings it is evident that kudu and impala meat have advantageous fatty acid profiles and can be a healthy substitute for other red meats. Kudu meat (72.62 ± 1.86 mg/100g) had higher cholesterol than impala meat (55.35 ± 1.84 mg/100g). It is recommended that further studies be done in order to confirm the cholesterol content of kudu meat. Within species, no gender differences for any of the sensory characteristics tested were noted. The impala meat had a more intense game aroma than the kudu meat, while kudu meat was found to be more juicy than impala meat. It can therefore be concluded that the marketing of game meat should be species-specific as there are distinct flavour and aroma differences between kudu and impala meat.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alhoewel koedoes (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) en rooibokke (Aepyceros melampus) in dieselfde geografiese area voorkom, is daar variasie in hulle diëte. Koedoes is hoofsaaklik blaarvreters, terwyl rooibokke bekend staan as gemengde vreters aangesien hulle grassowel as blaarvreters is. Die vraag ontstaan dus of die verskil in diëet die kwaliteit van hulle vleis sal beϊnvloed. Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was dus om die fisiese metings en chemiese samestelling van die M. longissimus dorsi, M. biceps femoris, M. semimembranosus, M. semitendinosus en M. supraspinatus vir koedoes en rooibokke te bepaal. Die invloed van ouderdom (volwasse en onvolwasse) en geslag (manlik en vroulik) op hierdie eienskappe is ook geëvalueer. Die sensoriese eienskappe van die M. longissimus dorsi van onvolwasse koedoes en rooibokke is ook ondersoek. Korrelasies tussen die fisiese metings en chemiese samestelling van die vleis is ondersoek. Die fisiese metings en chemiese samestelling van die M. longissimus dorsi is getoets vir korrelasies met die resultate van die sintuiglike evaluering van die vleis. Die gemiddelde uitslagpersentasie van rooibokke (59.88%) (n=28) was hoër as die van koedoes (57.60%) (n=35). Daar was geen verskille in drupverlies en kookverlies vir die hoofeffekte (spesie, geslag en ouderdom) nie. Spiere het wel verskil in terme van kookverlies, met die hoogste waarde gemeet vir rooibok M. semitendinosus (38.28%) en die laagste waarde vir koedoe M. longissimus dorsi (30.77%). In rooibokke was die hoogste Warner- Bratzler skeurkrag waardes gemeet vir M. semimembranosus (5.76 kg/1.27cmø), gevolg deur M. biceps femoris, M. longissimus dorsi, en M. semitendinosus met die laagste Warner- Bratzler skeurkrag waardes gemeet vir M. supraspinatus (3.78 kg/1.27cmø). Alle rooibokspiere het laer L* waardes gehad en was donkerder van kleur as koedoespiere, behalwe vir M. supraspinatus. Laer L* waardes is ook verkry vir volwasse diere in vergelyking met onvolwasse diere. Die a* en b* waardes was hoër in koedoe- as in rooibokvleis, m.a.w. koedoevleis het rooier vertoon. Die onderskeie koedoe- en rooibokspiere het betekenisvol verskil in terme van fisiese eienskappe, terwyl geslag en ouderdom geen effek op die fisiese eienskappe gehad het nie. Voginhoud was hoër in koedoe- (75.52%) as in rooibokvleis (74.52%). Verkille tussen spiere is opgemerk vir beide vog- en vetinhoud. M. supraspinatus het die hoogste vetinhoud gehad, gevolg deur M. biceps femoris, M. semitendinosus, M. semimembranosus en M. longissimus dorsi. Geen verskille is opgemerk tussen spesies (koedoe: 21.66%; rooibok: 22.26%), geslagte (manlik: 21.98%; vroulik: 21.95%) en ouderdomme (volwasse: 21.74%; onvolwasse: 22.18%) in terme van proteϊeninhoud nie. Die vetinhoud van koedoe M. longissimus dorsi (1.62%) was laer as dié van rooibok M. longissimus dorsi (2.22%) en die vetinhoud van vroulike diere was hoër as dié van manlike diere. Onvolwasse diere (1.20 ± 0.02%) het ‘n hoër asinhoud as dié van volwasse diere (1.10 ± 0.03%) getoon. In terme van die onderskeie spiere het M. supraspinatus die laagste proteϊen- en die hoogste vetinhoud gehad, terwyl M. semimembranosus die laagste vet- en die hoogste proteϊeninhoud gehad het. Die mioglobieninhoud was nie beϊnvloed deur spesie nie, terwyl vroulike diere ‘n hoër (6.58 ± 0.20 mg/g) mioglobieninhoud as manlike diere (5.11 ± 0.25 mg/g) gehad het. Die M. supraspinatus, ‘n oksidatiewe spier het die hoogste mioglobieninhoud gehad, terwyl glikolitiese spiere die laagste mioglobieninhoud gehad het. ’n Interaksie tussen spesie en spier was opgemerk vir mioglobieninhoud. Rooibok M. longissimus dorsi het ‘n hoër mioglobieninhoud as koedoe M. longissimus dorsi gehad, terwyl die mioglobieninhoud vir al die ander spiere laer was in rooibokke. Mineraalinhoud was nie deur geslag beϊnvloed nie. Kaliumvlakke was hoër in koedoevleis, terwyl fosforvlakke hoër was in rooibokvleis. Kalium- en kalsiuminhoud was hoër in onvolwasse diere terwyl die sinkinhoud hoër was in volwasse diere. Steariensuur (22.67%), gevolg deur palmitiensuur (16.66%) was die mees algemene vetsure in rooibokvleis. In teenstelling hiermee was oleϊensuur (24.35%), gevolg deur linoleϊensuur (22.95%) die mees algemene vetsure in koedoevleis. Die totale versadigde vetsure was laer in koedoevleis (34.87%) in vergelyking met rooibokvleis (51.12%), terwyl die totale polionversadigde vetsure in koedoevleis (38.88%) hoër was as dié van rooibokvleis (34.06%). Die verhouding van n-6 tot n-3 poli-onversadigde vetsure vir koedoe en rooibok was 2.22 en 3.76 onderskeidelik. Hierdie resultate bevestig dat koedoe- en rooibokvleis oor ‘n vetsuurprofiel beskik wat ’n gesonde alternatief bied tot ander rooivleise. Die cholesterolinhoud van koedoevleis (72.62 ± 1.86 mg/100g) was hoër as dié van rooibokvleis (55.35 ± 1.84 mg/100g). Dit word egter aanbeveel dat verdere studies gedoen word om die cholesterolinhoud van koedoevleis te bevestig. Binne spesies was daar geen geslagsverkille vir enige van die sensoriese eienskappe nie. Rooibokvleis het ‘n meer intense wildsvleis aroma as koedoevleis gehad, terwyl koedoevleis meer sappig was as rooibokvleis. Hierdie resultate dui daarop dat die bemarking van wildsvleis spesie-spesifiiek moet wees aangesien daar defnitiewe geur en aroma verskille tussen koedoe- en rooibokvleis is.

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A década de 60 do século XX é reconhecidamente um período de grande movimentação contracultural. A luta pelos direitos civis realizada principalmente pelos negros é uma das faces mais importantes desta contracultura, que se desenrola nos Estados Unidos da América e em outras partes do mundo. O músico nigeriano Fela Kuti é fortemente influenciado pelo jazz, e pelo movimento negro, criando um estilo musical chamado Afrobeat e toda uma cena contracultural nigeriana, que floresce na década de 70. A obra deste músico será abordada através de suas contradições internas que, segundo entendemos, surgem de sua maneira peculiar de compreender as questões que se colocavam em sua época, e de sua maneira singular de compreender o papel da cultura africana no mundo
The 60's of the last century is recognized as a period of great countercultural movement. The struggle for civil rights realized mainly by the black people is one of the most important faces of this counterculture, which takes place in the United States and other parts of the world. The Nigerian musician Fela Kuti is strongly influenced by jazz and by the black movement, he creates a musical style called Afrobeat and a whole countercultural scene in Nigeria during the 70's. The work of this musician will be analised through its internal contradictions which, according to our understand, spring from his unique way of understanding the issues that were placed at his time, and his singular way of understanding the role of African culture in the world

Orientador: José Adriano Fenerick
Banca: Marcia Regina Tosta Dias
Banca: Marcos Sorrilha Pinheiro
Resumo: A década de 60 do século XX é reconhecidamente um período de grande movimentação contracultural. A luta pelos direitos civis realizada principalmente pelos negros é uma das faces mais importantes desta contracultura, que se desenrola nos Estados Unidos da América e em outras partes do mundo. O músico nigeriano Fela Kuti é fortemente influenciado pelo jazz, e pelo movimento negro, criando um estilo musical chamado Afrobeat e toda uma cena contracultural nigeriana, que floresce na década de 70. A obra deste músico será abordada através de suas contradições internas que, segundo entendemos, surgem de sua maneira peculiar de compreender as questões que se colocavam em sua época, e de sua maneira singular de compreender o papel da cultura africana no mundo
Abstract: The 60's of the last century is recognized as a period of great countercultural movement. The struggle for civil rights realized mainly by the black people is one of the most important faces of this counterculture, which takes place in the United States and other parts of the world. The Nigerian musician Fela Kuti is strongly influenced by jazz and by the black movement, he creates a musical style called Afrobeat and a whole countercultural scene in Nigeria during the 70's. The work of this musician will be analised through its internal contradictions which, according to our understand, spring from his unique way of understanding the issues that were placed at his time, and his singular way of understanding the role of African culture in the world
Mestre

The postmodern is characterised by an incredulity towards the universal truths which mark modernity. Kuki Shuzo, like many intellectuals in Japan during the twenties and thirties, anticipates this discourse by attempting to confront the hegemonic claims and universal pretensions of modernity. Using the latest European methodologies, Kuki attempted to define a site of difference--a site that could escape the putative universality of Western modes of dealing with historical development and consciousness--through a particular reading of cultural artefacts, especially Edo poetry and painting. Yet Kuki would ultimately locate this special site within the temporal, spatial, and subjective boundaries of the modern nation implicating the geopolitics of modernity and providing an interesting context to study the complicity of art, ideology, and aesthetics in modern discourse.

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The feed-lot trial was carried the main goal was the evaluation of liveweight gain made by 5 months old male lambs of St Ines breed receiving diets with three levels of concentrate substitution by Puero hay. The experiment lasted for 55 days with 15 days of adaptation period. The concentrate was made out 50% of wheat bran 35% of ground corn and 15% of soybean meal. The Statistical Design was Completely Random with five replications and three treatments: Treatment one 0%, treatment two 50% and treatment three 100% of hay. The animals were kept in three pens (five lambs in each one). They were feed daily at 8:00 h and had their movements individually restrained during feeding time. Feeding and refused were weighed daily, samples were collected and sent for bromatological analysis (DM, CP, NDF, ADF, Hcel, Cel, Lig and Ashes). The performance was evaluated through daily consumption and daily liveweigth gain. The results showed significant differences (P<0,05) between T1 and T3 (0 and 100% of substitution, with 194,5 and 74,2 g/day, respectively). T2 (50% of substitution with 135,5 g/day of liveweigth gain was not significantly different either from T1 and T3. The concentrate substitution is feasible and brought a noticeable reduction on feeding costs, since the net profits were of R$110,00 R$101,90 and R$47,75, for T1, T2 and T3, respectively.
O experimento foi conduzido no Col?gio T?cnico da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho produtivo de cordeiros machos n?o castrados da ra?a Santa In?s confinados e alimentados com dietas ? base de concentrado e feno de Kudzu Tropical. O per?odo experimental foi de 55 dias, sendo 15 dias de adapta??o ?s dietas. Foram utilizados 15 cordeiros com idade m?dia de cinco meses. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repeti??es (animais) por tratamento (0, 50 e 100% de inclus?o de feno de kudzu tropical). Os animais foram mantidos em 3 baias coletivas, cada uma com 5 animais. O fornecimento das dietas foi realizado ?s 08:00h, sendo os animais contidos por canzis para individualiza??o do fornecimento. As sobras foram recolhidas diariamente para posterior an?lise. Foram realizadas an?lises bromatol?gicas das dietas e das sobras. Analisou-se mat?ria seca (MS), prote?na bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ?cido (FDA), hemicelulose (HCEL), celulose (CEL), lignina (LIG) e mat?ria mineral (MM). Foram avaliados os consumos de nutrientes e o ganho de peso m?dio di?rio (GPMD). Os resultados mostraram diferen?as significativas (P<0,05) entre os percentuais de 0 e 100% com m?dia de ganho de peso de 194,5 e 74,2g/animal/dia, respectivamente. Por?m o mesmo n?o foi observado entre os percentuais de 0 e 50% com m?dias de 194,5 e 135,5g/ animal/dia, respectivamente, indicando que a inclus?o do feno de kudzu tropical pode ser uma alternativa para a diminui??o dos custos de produ??o. No presente trabalho observou-se rendimentos l?quidos de R$ 110,00, R$ 101,90 e R$ 47,75 para os tratamentos T1, T2 e T3, respectivamente.

The treatment of minorities by different states gains scholarly attention in the recent years. This thesis attempts to define the necessary criteria for a state to have in order for its treatment of minorities to be acceptable by the international society. There are three major parts of the thesis. It starts with a thorough investigation of legal dimension of minority rights. The thesis formulates the criteria that a state should meet in the field of national and international law regarding minority rights. The second part investigates the political dimension of the issue. The analysis of political dimension describes the interaction of governments with minorities and the factors influencing the success of minorities in achieving their demands. In the final part of the thesis, the criteria formulated in legal and political dimensions are applied to the case of the Kurdish minority in Turkey. The position of Kurdish minority in the society is unique because of the Turkish state's assimilationist policies towards ethnic minorities till very recent years. The minority rights defined by international society were, therefore, not recognized in Turkey. However, the situation has recently changed. The current government ruled by Justice and Development Party has applied numerous democratization reforms that normalize the position of minorities. The Kurdish minority is not discriminated against as much as it was in the past. In addition to the analysis of the current state of minority rights in Turkey, the thesis proposes opportunities for improvement in the future.

This thesis describes the form and function of verb stem alternations (VSAs) in Vaiphei, a Kuki-Chin (KC) language belonging to the larger Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. In the existing literature on Vaiphei and Kuki-Chin verb stem alternations, there is no treatment of the form and function of Vaiphei verb stem alternations and how they may be used in classifying Vaiphei in the broader Northern Kuki-Chin language family. I document the form and function of Vaiphei verb stem alternations, showing how these compare to other Northern Kuki-Chin languages and where to classify Vaiphei in Northern Kuki-Chin. Participants were selected based on their knowledge of Vaiphei and English and their access to the internet. These subjects participated by completing questionnaires translating English sentences into Vaiphei. Data was collected using Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) platforms such as Skype and WhatsApp. Vaiphei VSAs showed a strong similarity to other Northern KC languages, with forms identical to VSAs in Sizang. Functions of VSAs were largely similar to other Northern KC languages, including valency changes, subordination, nominalizations, and subject focus. Grammaticalization of the verb piak "to give" into a benefactive morpheme, however, shows an innovation in the Vaiphei VSA system.

Kuki Shuzo was a philosopher at the margins of the Kyoto School; his most significant contribution was the short work 'Iki' no kozo, in which he located Japanese uniqueness in the Edo demimonde aesthetic of iki, style or chic. This thesis surveys the major Western critiques of Kuki's aesthetics, focussing particularly on the work done by Peter Dale, Leslie Pincus, and Harry Harootunian revealing Kuki's borrowing from European modernism, especially fascist modernism, and attempts to uncover an alternative genealogy for Kuki in Japanese Pure Land thought. It finally asserts that Kuki's valorization of resignation, and his own retreat into the aesthetic, can be read as a form of resistance to Japanese nationalism.

Fela anikulapo-kuti, ne ransome-kuti, est issu d'une famille d'enseignants et de pasteurs protestants originaires d'abeokuta (nigeria). Apres cinq ans d'etudes de musique a londres, il revint en 1963 a lagos, ou il entreprit sa carriere de musicien en jouant de la musique africaine avec son orchestre koola lobitos. Au cours d'un sejour aux etats-unis en 1969, il creea l'"afro-beat", style de musique particulier base sur les rythmes africains. Temoin de la lutte des noirs americains, il prit conscience des liens existant entre les noirs a travers le monde et comprit mieux le combat mene par sa mere pendant la periode coloniale pour les droits des africains au nigeria et l'adhesion de celle-ci aux theses panafricanistes de nkrumah. De retour au pays, fela utilisa "l'arme" de la musique pour transmettre son message aux africains; il changea le nom de son orchestre en africa 70; ses premiers succes datent de cette epoque. Le musicien fonda egalement une societe contestataire qu'il nomma la republique de kalakuta en 1974. Dans ses chansons, il se mit a critiquer le gouvernement et a prendre parti pour les pauvres. La repression s'abattit sur lui a plusieurs reprises en 1977, alors qu'il chantait zombie, une satire contre les militaires, des soldats detruisirent sa maison. Malgre ses epreuves, fela demeura a la tete de son groupe social. Il constitua un parti politique dans le but de se presenter aux elections presidentielles prevues pour le retour des civils au pouvoir en octobre 1979, mais sa candidature ne fut pas admise; aux elections de 1983, on l'empecha de faire campagne. Se tournant vers la spiritualite, fela s'interesse au passe de l'afrique. Au debut des annees 80, il nomma son orchestre egypt 80 pour appeler l'attention sur l'egypte ancienne, consideree par beaucoup de chercheurs comme le berceau de la race noire. Au cours des dix dernieres annees, le roi de l'afro-beat a effectue plusieurs tournees dans les pays occidentaux avec son groupe. En 1984, il a passe vingt mois en prison pour non-respect d'une reglementation sur l'importance de devises, imposee par le nouveau regime militaire. Se considerant comme le "fils spirituel de nkrumah", fela anikulapo-kuti est un critique virulent du neo-colonialisme; il est l'interprete du desenchantement de la periode de la post-independance
Fela anikulapo-kuti, born ransome-kuti in a family of protestant preachers and teachers in abeokuta (nigeria) went to study music in london in 1958. Returning to lagos in 1963, he started a musician's career and played african music with his orchestra koola lobitos. He created "afro-beat", a type of music based on african rythms in 1969, during a stay in the united states. There, he witnessed the struggle of the black americans and became aware of the link between black people all over the world. He also understood his mother's fight for the rights of africans in nigeria under colonial rule and her dedication to panafricanism as defined by nkrumah. Fela returned home with a message for the african people and used the medium of his music to convey it. He changed the name of his orchestra to africa 70. His first successes date from that period. Fela also created an alternative society, named kalakuta republic in 1974. In his songs, he criticized the government and sided with the poor man's fate. He suffered repression several times and his house was destroyed by soldiers in 1977 after he sang zombie, a satire of the military. Despite his hardships, fela remained at the head of his social group. He formed a political party with the aim of running for president during the election campaign for the return to civilian rule in october 1979. His candidacy however was not accepted and, in 1983, at the following elections, he was revented from campaigning. Turning towards spirituality, fela has recently focussed on africa's past. At the beginning of the 80's, he renamed his band egypt 80, calling attention in particular to ancient egypt, considered by many researchers to be the cradle of the black race. The king of afro-beat has toured the west several times with his band in the past ten years during which he served a 20 month prison term in nigeria for having failed to comply with the foreign exchange regulations of the new military regime. As the self-named "spiritual son of nkrumah", fela anikulapo-kuti is a harsh critic of neocolonialism; he depicts the social disenchantment of the post-independence period

Orientador: Laan Mendes de Barros
Resumo: Esta tese tem por objetivo discutir a contribuição da experiência estética aos estudos da comunicação midiatizada a partir do fenômeno de interpretação da imagem de Aylan Kurdi, pequeno refugiado sírio morto numa praia da Turquia. Toma-se com ponto de partida a imagem na perspectiva da cultura e tratada como um objeto estético que se oferece à percepção estética, que se dá na experiência sensível. A experiência estética é compreendida no seu aspecto relacional, enquanto percepção ativa do espectador diante do objetivo estético midiatizado. Por sua vez, a comunicação é tomada em uma dimensão estética com a participação dos espectadores nas dinâmicas de produção e partilha de sentidos e de afetos. Com as possibilidades de reelaborações e compartilhamentos, as experiências estéticas se desdobram em experiências poéticas, conectadas com possibilidades dialógicas e dialéticas entre os sujeitos, em relações de reconhecimento e de alteridade. A tese fundamenta-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise da imagem e suas releituras, com a elaboração de seis categorias temáticas e três eixos analíticos: temporalidades, territorialidades e mediações. O estudo identificou que alguns temas foram mais recorrentes nas criações dos espectadores de acordo com os elementos formais utilizados, associando a cena com circunstâncias religiosas, políticas e relativas à cotidianidade da criança. As releituras também tiveram aspectos que expandiram a interpretação da cena para manifestações de rua, pe... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This is the objective of discussing the contribution of aesthetic experience to studies of mediatized communication, based on the phenomenon of image interpretation of Aylan Kurdi, a small Syrian refugee who died on a beach in Turkey. It is taken as a starting point in the image in perspective of culture and treated as an aesthetic object that offers aesthetic perception, that offers a sensitive experience. The aesthetic experience is understood in its relational aspect, while the spectator's active perception is facing the mediatized aesthetic objective. In turn, communication is taken on an aesthetic scale with the participation of viewers in the dynamics of production and sharing of meanings and affections. With possibilities for re-elaborations and sharing, as aesthetic experiences unfold in poetic experiences, connected with dialogical and dialectical possibilities between the subjects, in relationships of recognition and change. This is a bibliographic and image analysis study and its reinterpretations,with an elaboration of six thematic categories and three analytical axes: temporalities, territorialities and mediations. The study identified that some themes were more recurrent in the spectators' creations according to the formed elements used, associating a scene with religious, political circumstancesandthe child's usual use. The reinterpretations also had aspects that expanded the interpretation of the scene to street demonstrations, performances, graffiti and monum... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

Rabies virus (RABV) primarily infects carnivorous terrestrial mammals in Africa. However, in 1977 the first epidemic of rabies in kudu occurred in Namibia. Due to the excessive spread and deaths of kudu, it was suggested that RABV was being maintained within the kudu population in a separate RABV cycle. Previous reports had suggested a massive increase in kudu population numbers – as well as densities - due to the game farming industry in Namibia, leading to a sufficient population threshold to be able to maintain a separate RABV cycle. In 1983 the epizootic ended, with an estimated loss of 30,000 kudu. A second epizootic began in 2002 and is still ongoing. The aims of this study were to lend support to the hypothesis that a separate RABV cycle is being maintained within the Namibian kudu population and that the RABV is adapting to its new herbivorous host. In addition, it was hypothesised that bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) may play a role in the susceptibility of Namibian kudu to RABV infection, due to the immune-suppressive effects of BVDV infection. Thus far, no other studies have determined phylogenetically, over the same spatial and temporal range, whether there is evidence for the separate maintenance of RABV in kudu. Furthermore, detailed molecular analyses were performed in order to determine whether RABVs isolated from kudu were diverging from isolates from canids and whether the mutations were under positive selection, showing selection pressures of the host on the virus. Results showed a clear phylogenetic differentiation of the isolates from canids to those from kudu, with all of the kudu isolates from a variety of geographical ranges clustering in a well-supported cluster, separate from canids from the same geographical ranges. Furthermore, full genome analyses showed several mutations unique (globally) to isolates from kudu, and other mutations separating isolates from kudu to those from jackals in Namibia, as well as several amino acids being under positive selection. Serological analyses of BVDV and RABV suggested no clear correlation between RABV and BVDV exposures, despite a high prevalence of BVDV in Namibia. In conclusion, this study showed strong supporting evidence that a separate RABV cycle is being maintained within the Namibian kudu population independently from any canid cycle. Furthermore, we showed no clear correlation of the immune-suppressive effects of BVDV on the susceptibility of Namibian kudu to RABV infection, despite a high prevalence of BVDV in Namibia. Lastly, it is suggested that further experimental trials are performed in order to determine the means of transmission of RABV among kudu, as well as further epidemiological surveys in order to determine the extent of the virus infection as well as risks that this RABV cycle poses to other herbivorous animals in Namibia and neighbouring countries.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
MSc
Unrestricted

Abstract: This study explores how the photographs of Alan Kurdi were used by Swedish newspapers, how they may have been perceived by the readers of those newspapers, and whether there are any ethical considerations when using the photography of Alan Kurdi. It answers three research questions; “How were the photographs of Alan Kurdi used by Swedish newspapers?”, “What potential meanings of the photographs of Alan Kurdi were interpreted by the readers of the articles?” and “What are the ethical implications of using the photographs of Alan Kurdi in the newspapers?” In order to investigate this the top 5 Swedish newspapers were studied and all the articles containing the photographs were studied. Through Sensitising Concepts and Inductive Analysis several topics and categories were discovered. The most common topic used by the newspapers was the topic of Alan Kurdi himself. In order to analyse these results Stuart Hall’s Encoding/Decoding Model of Communication is applied. The model identifies three types of receivers. Those who use preferred reading, negotiated reading and oppositional reading. By applying this model the way the photographs of Alan Kurdi was perceived by the readers of the newspapers can be analysed through the three different perspectives. Through the analysis it was argued that the most common way to perceive the photographs was humanising. The photographs worked both as an icon for the refugee crisis and to describe Alan Kurdi or the situation he was fleeing from. These topics can be argued to have a humanising effect on the refugee crisis as a whole. This was evident when charitable donations increased and there was a change in policy for refugees in Sweden that was less strict than before. However, after only a few months the public opinion grew harsher towards refugees and immigrants. This leads to the question - was it worth it? The photographs were used without consent and they could be argued to be exploitative of Alan Kurdi as well as his family. They can also be argued to be unethical. This papers concludes that the photographs were used by Swedish newspapers extensively, it seems in the most part with the intention of humanising the refugee crisis, and when looking at the rise in charitable donations and change in policy it seems to have worked. For a while. In truth, the photographs made no lasting difference, and it can be argued that the use of the photographs was unethical and the results that came from their publication did not justify the exploitation of Alan Kurdi.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Comunicação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, 2018.
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A fotografia de Aylan Kurdi, menino sírio de 3 anos de idade morto numa praia da Turquia em 2 de setembro de 2015, chocou o mundo e tornou-se símbolo da atual crise migratória que tem gerado milhões de refugiados. Essa fotografia inspirou um movimento artístico nas redes sociais digitais que reproduziu, em forma de ilustrações, a imagem de Aylan morto na praia e transformou o tema “refugiados” em um dos assuntos mais discutidos na internet em 2015. Trouxe também mais uma vez a discussão sobre o poder transformador da imagem, sobretudo da fotografia icônica. Propõe-se discutir o suposto estatuto transformador da imagem e identificar os elementos presentes na fotografia de Aylan Kurdi responsáveis por inquietar o mundo em favor e contra os refugiados, bem como as características de uma sociedade em que as tecnologias digitais criam condições para que os indivíduos atuem ativamente na propagação de conteúdos, alterando irreversivelmente a forma como nos comunicamos.Por meio de leitura de imagem, do estudo do imaginário e da sociedade em rede, e com uso de metodologia qualitativa, procedeu-se à análise das reproduções artísticas da fotografia de Aylan, sustentada em teóricos dos campos estudados. A pesquisa recuperou a trajetória da imagem e do imaginário no Ocidente e localizou no tempo e no espaço o drama dos refugiados, com destaque para a guerra civil na Síria, bem como associou tais aspectos à emergência da sociedade em rede e das tecnologias digitais que põe em xeque as formas tradicionais de exercício do poder, uma vez que esse exercício depende do controle da comunicação. Constatou que a imagem em estudo inquietou indivíduos e grupos, gerou iniciativas empáticas transitórias em defesa dos refugiados, mas divide a opinião de estudiosos do tema sobre seu poder transformador. Concluiu que a sociedade digital nos obriga a rever o conhecimento construído ao longo dos últimos séculos, considerando que vivemos em contexto radicalmente diferente, o que exige mais que a histórica iconoclastia e a desconfiança quanto ao poder da imagem.
A fotografia de Aylan Kurdi, menino sírio de 3 anos de idade morto numa praia da Turquia em 2 de setembro de 2015, chocou o mundo e tornou-se símbolo da atual crise migratória que tem gerado milhões de refugiados. Essa fotografia inspirou um movimento artístico nas redes sociais digitais que reproduziu, em forma de ilustrações, a imagem de Aylan morto na praia e transformou o tema “refugiados” em um dos assuntos mais discutidos na internet em 2015. Trouxe também mais uma vez a discussão sobre o poder transformador da imagem, sobretudo da fotografia icônica. Propõe-se discutir o suposto estatuto transformador da imagem e identificar os elementos presentes na fotografia de Aylan Kurdi responsáveis por inquietar o mundo em favor e contra os refugiados, bem como as características de uma sociedade em que as tecnologias digitais criam condições para que os indivíduos atuem ativamente na propagação de conteúdos, alterando irreversivelmente a forma como nos comunicamos.Por meio de leitura de imagem, do estudo do imaginário e da sociedade em rede, e com uso de metodologia qualitativa, procedeu-se à análise das reproduções artísticas da fotografia de Aylan, sustentada em teóricos dos campos estudados. A pesquisa recuperou a trajetória da imagem e do imaginário no Ocidente e localizou no tempo e no espaço o drama dos refugiados, com destaque para a guerra civil na Síria, bem como associou tais aspectos à emergência da sociedade em rede e das tecnologias digitais que põe em xeque as formas tradicionais de exercício do poder, uma vez que esse exercício depende do controle da comunicação. Constatou que a imagem em estudo inquietou indivíduos e grupos, gerou iniciativas empáticas transitórias em defesa dos refugiados, mas divide a opinião de estudiosos do tema sobre seu poder transformador. Concluiu que a sociedade digital nos obriga a rever o conhecimento construído ao longo dos últimos séculos, considerando que vivemos em contexto radicalmente diferente, o que exige mais que a histórica iconoclastia e a desconfiança quanto ao poder da imagem.

碩士
東海大學
建築學系
92
ABSTRACT A towering figure in Taiwanese literature, Yang Kuei plowed the land and wrote poetry with a hoe in his Tunghai Garden in the 1980s. Before the World War II, he wrote novels and articles promoting an equal, peaceful and open society of Taiwan. After the war, he was jailed for 12 years only because his Peace Manifesto was cited during the rebellious 228 Incident of 1947. Coming out of the prison, he worked as a farmer and Tunghai Garden became Taiwan’s Parnassus. The design of the Yang Kuei Memorial Hall seeks to construct on the site a memorial space representing Yang Kuei’s life and ideals while memorizing the old gardener, a performer who struggled for justice and peace for his whole life. Fulfilling Yang Kuei’s intentions in the founding of the Tunghai Garden, the design engages visitors with enjoyable flowers and cultivates their minds with literature and arts.

碩士
國立清華大學
中國文學系所
106
Abstract After reuniting six states, Qin Shi Huang（秦始皇）governed his country with harsh law, enslaved its popular, which led The Qin Empire to collapse after 15 years of survival. At the end of Qin dynasty, society was full of mess and disorder, rising the contention between Chu–Han（楚漢）forces. Kuai Tong（蒯通）went to Fan Yang alone, pacified the state of Zhao（趙國）, convinced Han Xin（韓信）to build one force that can compete with Chu and Han. During the reign time, Emperor Wu of Western Han Dynasty（漢武帝）had used the set of doctrines ‘Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind（天人感應）’ and ‘Mythological Confucianism（儒學神話）’ formulated by Dong Zhong Shu to consolidate his power; Emperor Guang Wu of Eastern Han Dynasty（漢光武帝）had utilized doctrines of Chen Wei（讖緯學説）to obtain the orthodoxy of Liu Han administration as well. Therefore, Loyalty Ideology（忠君思想）had deeply influenced on scholars over the two long period of Han Denasty as well as posterior scholars. Obviously, most of posterior scholars had critical and negative point of view to Kuai Tong himself when researching about him. This thesis is based on historical aspect, through objective perspective and without effects of Loyalty Ideology to fully interpret Kuai Tong – a politician in a chaos time. Keyword：Kuai Tong, Han Xin, Xiang Yu, The School of Diplomacy

碩士
法鼓文理學院
佛教學系
106
Though Kuei-Shan Ling-Yu is the founder of the Kuei Yang Sect—the earliest one of the Five Branches of Chan School—there are rare researches of Ling-Yu. People knows little about him and his order. All of these is just like a lost composite picture of the Chan history. The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of Kuei-Shan Buddhist Order and the role of its founder—master Kuei-Shan Ling-Yu in the history of Chan school. The study examined the life, the writing and the sayings of Ling-Yu and the related Chan masters with a historical literature review method. The main literature for analyzing was the biography, the inscription, and the recorded sayings in Zu tang Ji（祖堂集） and Jingde Chuandeng Lu（景德傳燈錄） of Ling-Yu. As the sayings recorded after the Southern Sung Dynasty were took for a comparison. It was discovered that Ling-Yu took the buddhist sutras and discipline seriously. He frequently quoted the classics in his writing and sayings. However, after the the Hui-Chang Persecution（會昌法難）, most buddhist writings were destroyed, and a lot of Buddhist monks and nuns were forced to secularization. So it was getting hard to appreciate and resonate Ling-Yu’s teaching. To respond the tendency, Hui-Ji—the most famous dhama hair of Ling-Yu and both the founder of the Kuei Yang Sect—placed more emphases on the circle symbolization and developed many derivative variation. The circle symbolization teachings were popular among the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and became the well-known feature of the Kuei Yang Sect. In the course of development, the Kuei-Shan School initially turned into the Yang-Shan School, and finally flowed into the Lin-Ji School in the Sung Dynasty. The results of the study revealed that although the lineage of the Kuei Yang Sect was buried in oblivion in the the Sung Dynasty, but its teaching was passed on by the Lin-Ji School. And Ling-Yu played a key role in the early stage of the forming the the Five Branches of Chan School. By the study, there was much clear understanding of Ling-Yu and the Kuei-Shan Buddhist Order.

The greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) is a large spiral-horned antelope that occurs in sub-Saharan Africa. The species is predominantly a browser and inhabits a diverse range of habitats including savanna woodland, scrub and open forests. The geographical distribution extends from south-eastern Chad, northern Central African Republic (CAR), through eastern Africa, to southern Africa. Throughout its range the species is threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, diseases and hunting for trophy. Consequently, many populations have reduced numbers and are at great risk of local extinction. In the absence of evidence from comprehensive studies, strategies for conservation and management of many species are often based on subspecies designations despite the fact that the original descriptions were based on few samples and morphological characters that vary extensively. To develop appropriate conservation and management measures, it is imperative to obtain information on population structure, historical demography and evolutionary history of the species. The information generated is used to define units for conservation of the species. In this study, the objective was to investigate population structure and evolutionary history of the greater kudu by analysing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences and examining size variation in eight microsatellite loci. The mtDNA control region sequences were examined using a combined approach that included phylogeographic, nested clade and mismatch frequency distribution analyses. It was anticipated that use of the two types of genetic markers with contrasting patterns of inheritance and mutation would enhance the understanding and interpretation of the evolutionary history of the species throughout its range. The results were used to evaluate subspecies taxonomy, draw inferences on historical demography and provide information relevant for conservation and management of T. strepsiceros. Intraspecific variation in the mtDNA was examined in 94 samples from 12 locations and revealed low to medium levels of nucleotide diversity. The average nucleotide diversity was 2.7% (0.3% to 2.9%). The average sequence divergence between populations was 2.3% (0.0% to 5.7%). Eight microsatellite loci were analysed in 203 samples representing 13 locations. The number of alleles scored from these loci was 7-12 while the mean heterozygosity was 70.4% (66% to 76%). Microsatellite data showed shallow phylogeographic structure and the average measure of genetic differentiation <1>ST was 0.046. Comparisons of allelic variation across all populations revealed that the Eastern Cape had lower allelic diversity and showed significant differences in allele frequency distribution suggesting a genetic bottleneck in the population's evolutionary past. The combined analyses suggest that the greater kudu originated from Namibia and spread southwards before colonising other parts of its modern range. The results revealed weak geographic partitioning at the regional level, but showed two genetically distinct groups at the continental level. The first group comprised of populations from Namibia, Kimberley and the Eastern Cape from South Africa, while the second comprised of the remaining populations. The results suggest a single evolutionary significant unit (ESU) with two management units (MUs). In the long term, conservation efforts should focus on maintaining demographic connectivity over broad geographical areas within each MU in order to approximate the natural dispersal patterns of the species.
Thesis (PhD (Zoology))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Zoology and Entomology
unrestricted

碩士
國立中山大學
海洋生物研究所
90
Abstract We examined the effects of different live food、water quality and environmental factor on the survival rate and growth of newborn Hippocampus kuda, in the laboratory, Three experiments were conducted: (1) effects of food organisms using three species i.e., Schmackeria dubia、Artemia sp. and Brachionus sp.; (2) effects of adding algae water to aquaria, and(3) effects of side-illumination and habitat. The survival rate and growth rate, were used to assess the responses of seahorses. The results showed that the growth of seahorses fed with copepod is the best, 28 days old seahorses are 127 ± 8mg (mean of three replicates ± 1se) in wet weight、32.38 ± 0.79mm in body length and the survival rate is 92.0 ± 0%. Copepod + artemia group are 69 ± 5mg、27.23 ± 0.35mm and 90.7 ± 5.8%. Rotifer + Copepod group are 86 ± 8mg、28.36 ± 1.04mm and 88.0 ± 4.0%. Rotifer + artemia group are 26 ± 1mg、19.77 ± 0.31mm and 68.0 ± 0%. Artemia group are 45 ± 2mg、23.29 ± 0.41mm and 38.7 ± 3.5%. The lowest survival rate occurs in the rotifer group and the no-feed group, all seahorses were dead on the sixteenth day and the thirteenth day, respectively. Copepods were used as food organisms in side-illumination 、algae and habitat experimental designs. The difference were all signify- cant between the side-illumination and no side-illumination group：97.3 ± 1.3%、68.0 ± 6.9%( p=0.014, ANOVA, Fisher’s PLSD)，126 ± 3mg、101 ± 5mg(p=0.013) and 32.51 ± 0.30mm、29.32 ± 0.75mm(p=0.017)。 The body length was significant difference between algae fed and no-algae group: 25.40 ± 0.63mm、23.23 ± 0.44 mm(p= 0.047). The survival rate、body weight and body length were all no significant difference between habitat and no habitat group. To sum up, the living food is a major factor affecting survival and growth. And the side-illumination method can increase both. So the suitable living food and aquaculture engineer designs have great potential to raise more seahorses.

Moje diplomová práce krystalizovala velmi dlouho a prošla mnohými proměnami. Avšak cítím, že se mi podařilo nalézt cestu, jak propojit výtvarné umění se vztahováním se k přírodě. Navíc je to cesta, která ač komentuje destruktivní dopady lidské činnosti na přírodu, není zcela negativní, dokonce dalo by se říci, že je v jádru optimistická. Musím se přiznat, že právě beznaděj při pohledu na mizení přírodních míst, bylo to, co mě často ochromovalo a zabraňovalo mi se radovat z toho že jsem člověk. Naštěstí jsem došla k poznání, že je nutné se postavit k životu a ke světu kladně. Ačkoliv tuším, že mé snažení nezachrání svět, zachrání alespoň mě.

碩士
高雄師範大學
美術學系
98
The writer of this paper is trying to reveal her creation development which was governed by an “obey” conception，the fuzzy and transient phenomenon confused and constrained hers painting style for years. Through depth study for the background of “Kuai-Kuai”(obey-conception) for couple years，she learn that is how to face the binary and antagonistic relations and overcome that confuse field which are full of and lust and rare fraud. Finally, she finds out a way for personal development. For this purpose, she records the whole truth story by means of various styles of paintings. The story beginning was happen by a simple memory of a sponge cake. That cake taste sense memory, caused an enlightenment moment in hers young life. She finds out the package paper print a brand image—a rarely human figures, which is full of binary and antagonistic image. The point is that figure’s appearance seems wear two mask. That illusion appearance—mask face, one is a kindly and smile appearance, other is shown an evil eyes which hidden a dark and wolf like subconscious. She slips into those conscious especial “wolf conscious” and then record that discovered by painting. Twofold personality study coursed hers mental serious clash on that time. Therefore, creation process to advance a step always moves in a zigzag and by roundabout ways. To the end, she believes that study way is a necessary, because, dredge up some embarrassing facts about hers past where under a corner on the subconscious, till face the truth self. After that, she find out personal prototype by through writing and reflect on hers discover. Then, she spirit will release from a conscious rope. Finally, the writer, surpass the binary “choosing” and motivation conflict and indicate the natural beauty of ecology thinking perform on hers painting.

碩士
華梵大學
工業設計學系碩士班
96
Abstract Based on personal art creations, this study induced the artistic features and development of expressionism and cubism from the perspective of art history and presented illustrative diagrams to integrate theories and the practice. Besides, this study also attempted to justify the relationship between “self creation” and “tradition and trends”. Through experiments, the researcher aimed to search for directions for self creations, escape traditional models to form new art creating structures, and pursue an art creating model featuring personal characteristics. The contents of this research included: 1. Introduction of research motivations, objectives, and methods. 2. Literature review consisted of two sections: (1) Development of expressionism and cubism. (2) Exploration of the artistic styles presented by the expressionist artist, Franz Marc (1880-1916). Expressionism is based on artist’s subjectivity, while cubism deepens the results of color themes in the aesthetic revolutions through restructuring of forms. Both intrinsic meanings and formal colors are indispensable in art creation. Thus, the researcher attempted to clarify and break down the historic evolution of expressionism and cubism through literature review. 3. Artistic features of painting: This chapter mainly discussed the formation of space and structural elements, including methods of presentation, lines and strokes, and forms and colors. 4. Creative ideas and analysis of works: Based on the utilization of experimental skills, this chapter progressively explained the author's creating process and analyzed the forms and contents of the creative works. 5. Preliminary conclusions of this research were induced. Through this research, a new art creating model was constructed to solve problems encountered in art creation, clarify confusions in creative painting, and develop directions for personal creative forms.

碩士
國立臺灣藝術大學
書畫藝術學系碩士班
99
The current paper mainly explores the creation and creativity of seal cutting from Chao Ku-ni and analyzes the sources of materials. Collected works herein are divided chronologically and non-chronologically, both of which serve as evidence to change of style in seal cutting. The paper first explores Chao’s background and living, seeing into relevant documentation and classifying his epithets, and thus comes to grasp the various styles and content of such epithets from various periods; hence the sequence of works can be detected and decided. Meanwhile, the study examines the events during the course of his mastering the art, including the subjects of his emulation and the period when he had become familiar with some friends of his, hoping to unearth the causes of his change of style in seal cutting. This paper deals with Chao Ku-ni’s studying and creating ancient seal cutting and further explores his view of “studying the beauty outside of the seal” by categorizing “casting Han’s seals”, “ancient jade seals”, “schools of seal cutting”, “inscriptions of ancient bronze and stones” and “works of tiles”. The study first clarifies the sequence of the abovementioned artworks and screening which elements are to be integrated into his idiosyncrasies; and secondly the study compares his works to other seal artists who learned from ancient pottery and luting. In addition, the inscriptions on the side or top of a seal are classified as well. Lastly the paper turns to the materials of adopted by Chao Ku-ni, namely, stone, tooth, crystal, jade and bronze. The spectacular quality produced from materials other than stone have become a core factor contributed to Chao’s style. The aesthetics of Chao Ku-ni’s seal cutting has not merely contributed to Yu Shan School’s innovative style, but has influenced the developments from then into later generations as well. The perspectives of Chao’s disciples who succeed his strain are also a major concern in this paper. Keywords: Chao Ku-ni, Yu Shan School, studying the beauty outside of the seal

This thesis is a survey of the development and dissemination of kumi-daiko ensembles in Canada, with the focus on their membership, gender, drums and repertoire, and links to the Japanese Canadian community. A case study of the group Katari Taiko's formative stage is presented to highlight key issues that confronted kumi-daiko ensembles in the past. With the emergence of exclusive groups in the form of pan-Asian, all-women kumi-daiko organizations, an inspection of Katari Taiko's prominent female representation highlights gender and feminist issues and the reconfiguring of gender constructs and portrayals. I will argue that these exclusive female spaces offer a refuge for queer members as well as an avenue to express their sexual identity through creative and artistic means. This discussion is complemented by an organological overview of drum construction, general taiko drum taxonomy, and an update on contemporary taiko drum manufacturing which includes a socio-historical portrait of the Burakumin (Japan's exclusive traditional drum makers) and North American taiko drummers who are forced out of necessity to become ingenious drum makers. This thesis concludes with the referencing of traditional Japanese music in the kumi-daiko repertoire as discussed by prominent drummers and ensembles followed by an analysis of Seiichi Tanaka's piece "Matsuri" in the context of its different renditions by Canadian kumi-daiko ensembles.
Arts, Faculty of
Music, School of
Graduate