Academic literature on the topic 'Ku complex'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ku complex"
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Nick McElhinny, Stephanie A., Carey M. Snowden, Joseph McCarville, and Dale A. Ramsden. "Ku Recruits the XRCC4-Ligase IV Complex to DNA Ends." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 9 (May 1, 2000): 2996–3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.9.2996-3003.2000.
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ABSTRACT Genetic experiments have determined that Ku, XRCC4, and ligase IV are required for repair of double-strand breaks by the end-joining pathway. The last two factors form a tight complex in cells. However, ligase IV is only one of three known mammalian ligases and is intrinsically the least active in intermolecular ligation; thus, the biochemical basis for requiring this ligase has been unclear. We demonstrate here a direct physical interaction between the XRCC4-ligase IV complex and Ku. This interaction is stimulated once Ku binds to DNA ends. Since XRCC4-ligase IV alone has very low DNA binding activity, Ku is required for effective recruitment of this ligase to DNA ends. We further show that this recruitment is critical for efficient end-joining activity in vitro. Preformation of a complex containing Ku and XRCC4-ligase IV increases the initial ligation rate 20-fold, indicating that recruitment of the ligase is an important limiting step in intermolecular ligation. Recruitment by Ku also allows XRCC4-ligase IV to use Ku's high affinity for DNA ends to rapidly locate and ligate ends in an excess of unbroken DNA, a necessity for end joining in cells. These properties are conferred only on ligase IV, because Ku does not similarly interact with the other mammalian ligases. We have therefore defined cell-free conditions that reflect the genetic requirement for ligase IV in cellular end joining and consequently can explain in molecular terms why this factor is required.
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Shadrina, Olga, Andrey Anisenko, and Marina Gottikh. "The Role of DNA Repair Complex DNA-PK in HIV-1 Transcription." Proceedings 50, no. 1 (July 16, 2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020050133.
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The human DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), composed of the heterodimeric protein Ku and catalytic subunit DNA-PKcs, is a sensor of double-strand DNA breaks in the non-homologous end-joining DNA repair pathway. The key role of DNA-PK in the post-integrational repair of HIV-1 has been shown. It has also been suggested that DNA-PK can participate in the regulation of HIV transcription, although the mechanism is unclear. To clarify the impact of each DNA-PK subunit on the transcription of HIV-1, HEK 293T cells, in which each of the DNA-PK components was depleted, were transfected with reporter vectors containing firefly luciferase under the control of HIV LTR promoter. We detected a positive influence of both Ku subunits, but not of DNA-PKcs, on the transcription from the HIV promoter. Ku is known to interact with HIV-1 TAR RNA, playing an essential role in viral transcription; nonetheless, the deletion of the TAR-coding region from LTR did not alter the Ku effect. Human small noncoding 7SK RNA participates in HIV-1 transcription. The direct binding of recombinant Ku and in vitro transcribed 7SK RNA was demonstrated using EMSA. In addition, we identified the interactions of endogenous Ku with proteins HEXIM1 and Cdk9 from the 7SK RNP complex. These results suggest that Ku exerts its effects on HIV-1 transcription via interaction with the 7SK RNP complex. However, we cannot rule out an indirect effect of Ku on transcription via the regulation of the levels of some transcription factors participating in HIV-1 transcription. We performed a transcriptome analysis of wild type HEK 293T cells and those with depleted DNA-PK subunits. The genes regulated by each subunit were defined and the genes that were mainly dependent on Ku subunits were selected. Among them, we identified transcription factors enhancing HIV-1 transcription, whose levels were downregulated in Ku-depleted cells. The study was supported by RFBR grant №18-04-00542 and RSF grant №17-14-01107.
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Reeves, W. H., A. Pierani, C. H. Chou, T. Ng, C. Nicastri, R. G. Roeder, and Z. M. Sthoeger. "Epitopes of the p70 and p80 (Ku) lupus autoantigens." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 8 (April 15, 1991): 2678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.8.2678.
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Abstract High titer autoantibodies to the Ku Ag, a DNA-protein complex containing 70- and approximately 80-kDa protein subunits (p70 and p80, respectively), are found in sera of certain patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders. Autoepitopes of the Ku Ag were identified and partially characterized by expressing fragments of the p70 and p80 cDNA as fusion proteins in bacteria. Systemic lupus erythematosus sera reacted on immunoblots with at least three epitopes of p70 (amino acids 560-609, 506-535, and 115-467), and three epitopes of p80 (amino acids 682-732, 558-681, and 1-374). These six antigenic regions had distinct amino acid sequences, and were also immunologically distinct, as determined by using immunoaffinity-purified auto-antibodies to particular epitopes. Detailed mapping of the strongly antigenic region near the C terminus of p70 revealed a complex conformational or discontinuous epitope, the antigenicity of which was abolished by deleting either amino acids 560-571 or 601-609. The C terminus of p80 may also contain a discontinuous or conformational epitope(s). Although only some sera reacted with p70 or p80 on immunoblots, all sera that immunoprecipitated the native Ku complex reacted with native Ku by ELISA, and inhibited the binding of mAb directed at epitopes of native Ku. Taken together, these studies indicate that anti-Ku autoantibodies target a diversity of independent epitopes located on p70, p80, and the intact Ku complex, and that a significant portion of the autoantibodies in most patients' sera is directed against conformational/discontinuous epitopes.
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Koike, M., T. Awaji, M. Kataoka, G. Tsujimoto, T. Kartasova, A. Koike, and T. Shiomi. "Differential subcellular localization of DNA-dependent protein kinase components Ku and DNA-PKcs during mitosis." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 22 (November 15, 1999): 4031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.22.4031.
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The Ku protein is a complex of two subunits, Ku70 and Ku80. Ku plays an important role in DNA-PKcs-dependent double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination, and in growth regulation, which is DNA-PKcs-independent. We studied the expression and the subcellular localization of Ku and DNA-PKcs throughout the cell cycle in several established human cell lines. Using immunofluorescence analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopy, we detected Ku70 and Ku80 in the nuclei in interphase cells. In mitotic cells (1) most of Ku protein was found diffused in the cytoplasm, (2) a fraction was detected at the periphery of condensed chromosomes, (3) no Ku protein was present in the chromosome interior. Association of Ku with isolated chromosomes was also observed. On the other hand, DNA-PKcs was detected in the nucleus in interphase cells and not at the periphery of condensed chromosomes during mitosis. Using indirect immunoprecipitation, we found that throughout the cell cycle, Ku70 and Ku80 were present as heterodimers, some in complex with DNA-PKcs. Our findings suggest that the localization of Ku at the periphery of metaphase chromosomes might be imperative for a novel function of Ku in the G(2)/M phase, which does not require DNA-PKcs.
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Cooper, Marcus P., Amrita Machwe, David K. Orren, Robert M. Brosh, Dale Ramsden, and Vilhelm A. Bohr. "Ku complex interacts with and stimulates the Werner protein." Genes & Development 14, no. 8 (April 15, 2000): 907–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.14.8.907.
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Werner syndrome (WS) is the hallmark premature aging disorder in which affected humans appear older than their chronological age. The protein WRNp, defective in WS, has helicase function, DNA-dependent ATPase, and exonuclease activity. Although WRNp functions in nucleic acid metabolism, there is little or no information about the pathways or protein interactions in which it participates. Here we identify Ku70 and Ku86 as proteins that interact with WRNp. Although Ku proteins had no effect on ATPase or helicase activity, they strongly stimulated specific exonuclease activity. These results suggest that WRNp and the Ku complex participate in a common DNA metabolic pathway.
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Porges, A. J., T. Ng, and W. H. Reeves. "Antigenic determinants of the Ku (p70/p80) autoantigen are poorly conserved between species." Journal of Immunology 145, no. 12 (December 15, 1990): 4222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.145.12.4222.
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Abstract The Ku (p70/p80) autoantigen is a DNA-protein complex recognized by sera from certain patients with SLE and related diseases. Although human autoantibodies react with at least eight different epitopes of the human Ku complex, they had little reactivity with rodent Ku Ag on immunoblots. Small amounts of 70- and 80-kDa proteins were immunoprecipitated from murine cell extracts, however, suggesting that the Ku particle is not unique to human cells. This was confirmed by isolating cDNA clones encoding murine Ku Ag by plaque hybridization with a human p70 cDNA probe. The murine p70 cDNA clones had a deduced amino acid sequence 82.9% identical to that of human p70, and comparable amounts of murine and human p70 mRNA were detected in 3T3 and K562 cells, respectively. The poor reactivity of human autoantibodies with murine p70 was attributable to specific amino acid substitutions in an immunodominant conformational epitope located on amino acids 560-609 of human p70. Several amino acids critical for antigenicity of this region were defined by mutagenesis studies. Other conformational epitopes of Ku were also antigenically poorly conserved among species. Species-specific epitopes recognized by lupus autoantibodies are unusual but not unique to Ku. In general, poorly conserved autoepitopes have been conformational, rather than sequential, suggesting that the antigenicity of conformational epitopes may be particularly sensitive to evolutionary change.
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Boubnov, N. V., and D. T. Weaver. "scid cells are deficient in Ku and replication protein A phosphorylation by the DNA-dependent protein kinase." Molecular and Cellular Biology 15, no. 10 (October 1995): 5700–5706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.15.10.5700.
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Cell mutants of the Ku nuclear DNA-binding complex are ionizing radiation sensitive and show V(D)J recombination defects. Ku binds and activates a catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), although the substrates for DNA-PK are unknown. We found that scid cell extracts were deficient in Ku phosphorylation by DNA-PK. Human chromosome 8-complemented scid cells, containing the human DNA-PK catalytic subunit, restored Ku phosphorylation. Likewise, radiation-induced RPA hyperphosphorylation was not completed in scid cells compared with control or chromosome 8-reconstituted cells. Thus, the inactivity of DNA-PK is likely responsible for the repair and recombination defects in scid cells.
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Milne, G. T., S. Jin, K. B. Shannon, and D. T. Weaver. "Mutations in two Ku homologs define a DNA end-joining repair pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 8 (August 1996): 4189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.8.4189.
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DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in mammalian cells is dependent on the Ku DNA binding protein complex. However, the mechanism of Ku-mediated repair is not understood. We discovered a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene (KU80) that is structurally similar to the 80-kDa mammalian Ku subunit. Ku8O associates with the product of the HDF1 gene, forming the major DNA end-binding complex of yeast cells. DNA end binding was absent in ku80delta, hdf1delta, or ku80delta hdf1delta strains. Antisera specific for epitope tags on Ku80 and Hdf1 were used in supershift and immunodepletion experiments to show that both proteins are directly involved in DNA end binding. In vivo, the efficiency of two DNA end-joining processes were reduced >10-fold in ku8Odelta, hdfldelta, or ku80delta hdf1delta strains: repair of linear plasmid DNA and repair of an HO endonuclease-induced chromosomal DSB. These DNA-joining defects correlated with DNA damage sensitivity, because ku80delta and hdf1delta strains were also sensitive to methylmethane sulfonate (MMS). Ku-dependent repair is distinct from homologous recombination, because deletion of KU80 and HDF1 increased the MMS sensitivity of rad52delta. Interestingly, rad5Odelta, also shown here to be defective in end joining, was epistatic with Ku mutations for MMS repair and end joining. Therefore, Ku and Rad50 participate in an end-joining pathway that is distinct from homologous recombinational repair. Yeast DNA end joining is functionally analogous to DSB repair and V(D)J recombination in mammalian cells.
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Zhang, W. W., and M. Yaneva. "Reduced sulphydryl groups are required for DNA binding of Ku protein." Biochemical Journal 293, no. 3 (August 1, 1993): 769–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2930769.
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The Ku protein, a DNA-binding complex that is composed of two subunits of 70 kDa and of 86 kDa, has been suggested to play a role in gene transcription. The dependence of the in vitro DNA-binding activity of affinity-purified Ku protein on reduced cysteine residues has been studied using sulphydryl-modifying agents. Inhibition of the DNA-binding activity was caused by alkylation with N-ethylmaleimide and by crosslinking with azadicarboxylic acid bis(dimethylamide). Treatment of the protein with a large excess of N-ethylmaleimide after it had bound to DNA did not completely dissociate the complex from the DNA, suggesting that some cysteines may be in direct contact with DNA. Pre-incubation of the protein at 37 degrees C or above caused rapid inactivation of DNA binding. The elevated temperature azadicarboxylic acid bis(dimethylamide) treatments resulted in the formation of a crosslinked product, which was detected by Western blotting. The effects of azadicarboxylic acid bis(dimethylmaleimide) and heat were completely reversible by treatment with a reducing agent, such as dithiothreitol. These results demonstrate that in vitro DNA-binding activity of the Ku protein requires reduced sulphydryl groups. Interestingly, the DNA-binding activity of Ku protein was protected from heat inactivation by the presence of a HeLa cell nuclear extract, suggesting that a nuclear factor or factors may be responsible for the maintenance of the reduced cysteines of the Ku protein in vivo. Thus, the biochemical function of the Ku protein may be regulated through oxidation-reduction of its cysteine residues.
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Boboila, Cristian, Catherine Yan, Duane R. Wesemann, Mila Jankovic, Jing H. Wang, John Manis, Andre Nussenzweig, Michel Nussenzweig, and Frederick W. Alt. "Alternative end-joining catalyzes class switch recombination in the absence of both Ku70 and DNA ligase 4." Journal of Experimental Medicine 207, no. 2 (February 8, 2010): 417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20092449.
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The classical nonhomologous end-joining (C-NHEJ) DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway employs the Ku70/80 complex (Ku) for DSB recognition and the XRCC4/DNA ligase 4 (Lig4) complex for ligation. During IgH class switch recombination (CSR) in B lymphocytes, switch (S) region DSBs are joined by C-NHEJ to form junctions either with short microhomologies (MHs; “MH-mediated” joins) or no homologies (“direct” joins). In the absence of XRCC4 or Lig4, substantial CSR occurs via “alternative” end-joining (A-EJ) that generates largely MH-mediated joins. Because upstream C-NHEJ components remain in XRCC4- or Lig4-deficient B cells, residual CSR might be catalyzed by C-NHEJ using a different ligase. To address this, we have assayed for CSR in B cells deficient for Ku70, Ku80, or both Ku70 and Lig4. Ku70- or Ku80-deficient B cells have reduced, but still substantial, CSR. Strikingly, B cells deficient for both Ku plus Lig4 undergo CSR similarly to Ku-deficient B cells, firmly demonstrating that an A-EJ pathway distinct from C-NHEJ can catalyze CSR end-joining. Ku-deficient or Ku- plus Lig4-deficient B cells are also biased toward MH-mediated CSR joins; but, in contrast to XRCC4- or Lig4-deficient B cells, generate substantial numbers of direct CSR joins. Our findings suggest that more than one form of A-EJ can function in CSR.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ku complex"
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Robertson, E. D. "The role of the Ku complex in telomere replication timing." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590978.
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In this thesis I examine three possible mechanisms by which the Ku complex may control the replication time of telomeric replication origins. Firstly I show that the relocalisation of an early origin to the periphery is not sufficient to alter its replication time and induce it to fire later in S phase proving that nuclear positioning is not sufficient for late origin initiation. Secondly I demonstrate that there is no increase in the general acetylation of histone H4 or histone H3 lysine 18 in the Δyku70 mutant at replication origins known to alter their replication timing programme in the absence of Ku, suggesting that chromatin modification is not the mechanism by which Ku specifies late telomeric origin firing. Finally, I show that Ku does not bind directly to telomere-proximal replication origins in vivo in yeast nor is it found to be present significantly far from the telomere end. In addition, I demonstrate that the Ku complex does not require the Ctf18-RLC complex to load it onto telomere ends.
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Wu, Le-Jung. "The purification and characterisation of Ku-associated protein complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404212.
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Peters, Nicholas Edward. "Vaccinia protein C16 blocks innate immune sensing of DNA by binding the Ku complex." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8960.
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VACV gene C16L encodes a 37-kDa protein that is highly conserved in orthopoxviruses and functions as an immunomodulator. Intranasal infection of mice with a virus lacking C16L (vΔC16) induced less weight loss, fewer signs of illness and increased infiltration of leukocytes to the lungs compared with wild-type virus. To understand C16’s mechanism of action, tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry were used to identify C16 binding partners. This revealed that Ku70, Ku80 and PHD2 interact with C16 in cells. Ku70 and Ku80 constitute the Ku heterodimer, a well characterised DNA repair complex. MEFs lacking Ku, or the other component of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) complex, the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PKcs), were shown to be deficient in the upregulation of IRF-3-dependent genes such as Cxcl10, Il6 and Ifnb in response to transfection of DNA, but not poly (I:C). Furthermore, following infection of MEFs with VACV strain MVA the activation of Cxcl10 or Il6 transcription was dependent on DNA-PK. Therefore, DNA-PK is a DNA sensor capable of detecting poxvirus DNA and activating IRF-3-dependent innate immunity. C16 inhibited the binding of Ku to DNA, and therefore inhibited DNA-mediated induction of Cxcl10 and Il-6 in MEFs. The role of C16 in vivo was also examined: infection with vΔC16 led to increased production of Cxcl10 and Il-6 following intranasal infection of mice compared with wild-type virus. C16 is therefore an inhibitor of DNA-PK-mediated DNA sensing and innate immune activation. C16 was also shown to bind to PHD2, an enzyme involved in regulation of hypoxic signalling. VACV was found to activate the transcription of hypoxia-related genes, and C16 expression in cells was also capable of doing this. The role of hypoxic signalling in VACV infection remains poorly understood.
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RINALDI, CARLO. "Functions and regulation of the MRX and Ku protein complexes at DNA ends." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/402372.
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L'instabilità del genoma è una delle caratteristiche delle cellule tumorali e può essere causata da difetti nella riparazione del DNA. In particolare, le rotture del doppio filamento del DNA (DSBs) sono lesioni altamente citotossiche che possono formarsi accidentalmente durante la replicazione del DNA o in seguito all'esposizione ad agenti genotossici, e devono essere correttamente riparate al fine di garantire la stabilità genomica. Per far fronte a queste lesioni del DNA, le cellule eucariotiche attivano la risposta al danno del DNA (DDR) e utilizzano due meccanismi principali per la riparazione dei DSBs: l’unione terminale non omologa (NHEJ) e la ricombinazione omologa (HR). La risposta cellulare ai DSBs ha inizio con il reclutamento dei complessi Ku e MRX/MRN alle due estremità rotte di un DSB. Inoltre, il complesso MRX recluta al DSB anche Tel1/ATM, una chinasi coinvolta nel checkpoint da danno al DNA. Tel1, a sua volta, consente di promuovere e stabilizzare l'associazione del complesso MRX sia ai DSBs che ai telomeri in un ciclo a feedback positivo. Ku, MRX/MRN e Tel1/ATM sono anche necessari per mantenere la lunghezza dei telomeri, strutture nucleoproteiche specializzate situate alle estremità dei cromosomi eucariotici. Il DNA telomerico deve inoltre essere distinto dalle estremità dei DSBs intracromosomici attraverso diversi complessi proteici, i quali vengono reclutati ai telomeri al fine di prevenire l'attivazione della DDR. Nel lievito S. cerevisiae, Rif2 e Rap1 costituiscono due delle principali proteine che compongono tali complessi. Sia Rif2 che Rap1 contrastano l'attivazione di Tel1, la degradazione nucleolitica e l’unione terminale non omologa ai telomeri. Rif2 sembra esercitare tutte queste funzioni inibendo l'associazione del complesso MRX al DNA telomerico; tuttavia, restava ancora da determinare come Rap1 controllasse negativamente l'attività di MRX alle estremità del DNA. Nella prima parte del mio dottorato di ricerca, ho contribuito a dimostrare che Rif2 contrasta l'associazione del complesso MRX sia ai DSBs che ai telomeri in modo dipendente da Rap1. Rap1, a sua volta, può inibire le funzioni di MRX in modo sia dipendente sia indipendente da Rif2, e le funzioni di Rap1 alle estremità del DNA sono influenzate dalle modalità con cui questa proteina lega il DNA. In merito al NHEJ, una questione importante è rappresentata dal mantenimento delle estremità di un DSB in stretta prossimità fra loro, necessario per consentire una corretta rilegatura. Questa funzione è chiamata end-tethering e sebbene alcuni dati in E.coli abbiano suggerito un coinvolgimento del complesso Ku in questo meccanismo di controllo, restava ancora da chiarire quale fosse il suo esatto ruolo nell’end-tethering. Nella seconda parte del mio dottorato, ho quindi studiato questa problematica tramite la generazione di una variante mutante della proteina Ku70 in grado di aumentare la persistenza del complesso Ku ai DSBs. La caratterizzazione dell'allele ku70-C85Y ha consentito di dimostrare che il complesso Ku promuove l’end-tethering del DNA e la mutazione C85Y migliora tale funzione aumentando la ritenzione di Ku in stretta prossimità alle estremità di un DSB. Inoltre, la funzione svolta da Ku nel DSB end-tethering è regolata da Tel1/ATM, che antagonizza tale funzione del complesso Ku limitandone la persistenza alle estremità dei DSBs. Poiché la presenza del complesso Ku alle estremità dei DSBs impedisce l'accesso delle nucleasi di resezione, la regolazione dell'associazione di Ku alle estremità rotte del DNA mediata da Tel1 fornisce un importante livello di controllo nella scelta tra il meccanismo di NHEJ e di HR, suggerendo una nuova funzione di Tel1 nella risposta al danno al DNA. Tutti questi risultati hanno contribuito a chiarire i meccanismi molecolari che modulano la riparazione del DNA in risposta ai DSBs, con un focus specifico sulle funzioni e sulla regolazione dei complessi MRX e Ku.Genome instability is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells and it can be caused by DNA repair defects. Among several types of DNA damage, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are highly cytotoxic lesions that can form accidentally during DNA replication or upon exposure to genotoxic agents. DSBs must be repaired to avoid loss of genetic information and to ensure genomic stability. Eukaryotic cells repair DSBs by activating the DNA damage response (DDR) and by using two main mechanisms: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The cellular response to DSBs is initiated by the recruitment of Ku (Ku70-Ku80) and MRX/N (Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2/Nbs1) complexes at the two DSB broken ends. MRX in turn recruits Tel1/ATM, a kinase involved in the DNA damage checkpoint, a surveillance mechanism that couples DSB repair and cell-cycle progression. Tel1 allows to promote and stabilize MRX association at both DSBs and telomeres in a positive feedback loop. Ku, MRX/MRN, and Tel1/ATM are also required to maintain the length of telomeres, specialized nucleoprotein complexes at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Furthermore, telomeric DNA must be distinguished from intrachromosomal DSBs ends through different protein complexes, which are recruited to telomeres in order to prevent DDR activation. In S. cerevisiae, Rif2 and Rap1 are two of the main proteins that compose these complexes. Both Rif2 and Rap1 counteract Tel1 activation, nucleolytic degradation, and NHEJ at telomeres. Rif2 appears to exert all these functions by inhibiting MRX association with telomeric DNA, however how Rap1 negatively controls MRX activity at DNA ends remained to be determined. In the first part of my PhD, I contributed to show that Rif2 counteracts MRX association at both DSBs and telomeres in a Rap1-dependent manner. Rap1 in turn can inhibit MRX functions in a Rif2-dependent and -independent manner, and Rap1 functions at DNA ends are influenced by its DNA binding mode. An important issue in NHEJ is the maintenance of the DSB ends in close proximity to allow their correct re-ligation. This function is called end-tethering and some data in E.coli suggested an involvement of the Ku complex in this control mechanism. However, a Ku role in end-tethering remained to be determined. In the second part of my PhD, I investigated this issue by generating a Ku70 mutant variant that increases Ku persistence at DSBs. The characterization of the ku70-C85Y allele has allowed to show that the Ku complex promotes DSB end-tethering and the C85Y mutation enhances this bridging function by increasing Ku retention very close to the DSB ends. The function of Ku in DSB end-tethering is also regulated by Tel1/ATM, which antagonizes this Ku function by limiting Ku persistence at the DSB ends. As the presence of Ku at the DSB ends prevents the access of resection nucleases, the Tel1-mediated regulation of Ku association with the DSB ends provides an important layer of control in the choice between NHEJ and HR mechanism, suggesting a new function of Tel1 in the DNA damage response. All these findings contributed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that modulate DNA repair and maintain genome stability in response to DSBs, with a specific focus on the functions and regulation of MRX and Ku complexes.
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Польшина, Т. Д., and T. D. Polshina. "Извлечение фтора из растворов металлургического производства : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/94604.
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Объектом исследования являются ионообменные смолы Lewatit TP 260 и КУ-2×8 в форме Al3+. Цель работы – насыщение катионитов ионами металла (Al3+) и изучение их сорбционной способности по отношению к ионам фтора. В работе проведены теоретические и лабораторные исследования по сорбции фтора на Lewatit TP 260 и КУ-2×8 в Al-форме. Рассмотрен механизм сорбции фтора на катионитах с разными функциональными группами.The object of the study is Lewatit TP 260 and KU-2×8 ion-exchange resins in the form of Al3+. The purpose of this work is the saturation of cation exchangers with metal ions (Al3+) and the study of their sorption ability with respect to fluorine ions. In this paper, theoretical and laboratory studies on fluorine sorption on Lewatit TP 260 and KU-2×8 in Al-form were carried out. The mechanism of fluorine sorption on cationites with different functional groups is considered.
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Amram, Jérémy. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle des complexes multi-protéiques de la voie de réparation NHEJ chez l’homme." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA114822/document.
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La voie de réparation NHEJ (Non-Homologous End-Joining) est une voie majeure de réparation des cassures double-brin chez l’homme. Les protéines de cette voie interagissent et forment des complexes dynamiques dont les mécanismes moléculaires sont encore largement méconnus. Nous avons dans un premier temps mis au point des protocoles de production à l’échelle de plusieurs milligrammes des protéines cœur de la voie NHEJ en cellules d’insecte à l’aide du système MultiBac. Nous avons ainsi purifié les complexes Ku70/Ku80 et Ligase4/XRCC4 et les protéines Cernunnos et Artemis à homogénéité. Des essais de cristallisation, des études par SAXS et des analyses par microscopie électronique ont été réalisés sur différents complexes formés par ces protéines cœur du NHEJ. Nous avons également caractérisé par chromatographie d’exclusion de taille et calorimétrie, les interactions effectuées entre les protéines de la voie NHEJ. L’ensemble de ces travaux a permis d’établir des bases biochimiques solides en vue des études structurales et fonctionnelles de la voie NHEJ chez l’hommeHuman DNA repair pathway NHEJ (Non-Homologous End-Joining) is a major pathway of double-strand breaks repair. The proteins involved in this pathway interact and form dynamic complexes whose molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Firstly, we established protocols to be able to purify milligrams of those NHEJ pathway core proteins using MultiBac insect cells system. We then purified Ku70/Ku80 and Ligase4/XRCC4 complexes, Artemis and Cernunnos to homogeneity. Crystallogenesis assays, SAXS experiments and Transmission Electronic Microscopy experiments have been performed on several complexes formed by these core NHEJ proteins. We also characterized the interactions between these proteins by Size Exclusion Chromatography and Isothermal Calorimetry. These experiments have led to biochemical results sufficient to establish a solid basis to initiate the structural and functional study of the Human NHEJ Pathway
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Landousy, Fabrice. "DEVELOPPEMENTS METHODOLOGIQUES POUR LA CARACTERISATION DES COMPLEXES ADN-PROTEINES PAR AFM ET ETUDE DES INTERACTIONS ADN-KU." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129367.
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La microscopie à force atomique (AFM) ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans l'étude des interactions ADN-protéines. Mon travail a consisté à développer de nouvelles méthodologies pour contrôler l'adsorption de l'ADN sur les surfaces et permettre l'étude en liquide de la dynamique des complexes. Nous avons caractérisé les interactions entre l'ADN et la surface de mica. Nous proposons un modèle simple pour décrire les interactions électrostatiques en solution entre l'ADN et le mica, en considérant le rôle des cations monovalents et divalents. La bonne corrélation avec les données expérimentales permet de valider un référentiel de conditions et une méthode d'adsorption réversible de l'ADN sur mica prétraité nickel. Nous avons parallèlement développé un système de plots pour ancrer l'ADN par ses extrémités.
Le contrôle de ces méthodologies permet de caractériser l'accessibilité en fonction des états d'adsorption. Nous abordons cette problématique en caractérisant l'activité de la bléomycine sur l'ADN. Cette approche sur un système modèle permet de caractériser l'influence de la surface en termes d'accessibilité et d'activité.
La dernière partie de ce travail considère la caractérisation des interactions de la protéine Ku avec l'ADN dans le cadre de l'étude de la réparation des cassures double brin. Notre approche qui combine les apports de la microscopie électronique à transmission et de l'AFM met en évidence une polymérisation coopérative de Ku sur l'ADN double brin et un mode de fixation très différent sur l'ADN simple brin. Ce travail montre l'intérêt de l'imagerie moléculaire pour caractériser les mécanismes de recherche des sites cibles par les protéines.
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Landousy, Fabrice. "Développements méthodologiques pour la caractérisation des complexes ADN-protéines par AFM et étude des interactions ADN-KU." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077058.
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La microscopie a force atomique (afm) ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans l'etude des interactions adn-proteines. Mon travail a consiste a developper de nouvelles methodologies pour controler l'adsorption de l'adn sur les surfaces et permettre l'etude en liquide de la dynamique des complexes. Nous avons caracterise les interactions entre l'adn et la surface de mica. Nous proposons un modele simple pour decrire les interactions electrostatiques en solution entre l'adn et le mica, en considerant le role des cations monovalents et divalents. La bonne correlation avec les donnees experimentales permet de valider un referentiel de conditions et une methode d'adsorption reversible de l'adn sur mica pretraite nickel. Nous avons parallelement developpe un systeme de plots pour ancrer l'adn par ses extremites. Le controle de ces methodologies permet de caracteriser l'accessibilite en fonction des etats d'adsorption. Nous abordons cette problematique en caracterisant l'activite de la bleomycine sur l'adn. Cette approche sur un systeme modele permet de caracteriser l'influence de la surface en termes d'accessibilite et d'activite. La derniere partie de ce travail considere la caracterisation des interactions de la proteine ku avec l'adn dans le cadre de l'etude de la reparation des cassures double brin. Notre approche qui combine les apports de la microscopie electronique a transmission et de l'afm met en evidence une polymerisation cooperative de ku sur l'adn double brin et un mode de fixation tres different sur l'adn simple brin. Ce travail montre l'interet de l'imagerie moleculaire pour caracteriser les mecanismes de recherche des sites cibles par les proteinesAtomic force microscopy (afm) opens new perspectives in the study of dna-protein interactions. My work consisted of developing new methodologies for controlling dna adsorption on surfaces and enabling the study of the dynamics of the complexes in liquid. We have characterized the interactions between dna and the mica surface. We propose a simple model to describe the electrostatic interactions in solution between dna and mica, considering the role of monovalent and divalent cations. The good correlation with experimental data allows validating referential adsorption conditions and a reversible adsorption method for dna on nickel-pretreated mica. In parallel we have developed a system of tethers to anchor dna by its extremities. The control of these methodologies allows characterizing accessibility in function of the adsorption states. We broach this issue by characterizing bleomycin activity on dna. This approach on a model system allows characterizing the surface influence in terms of accessibility and activity. The last part of this work considers the characterization of the interactions of the ku protein with dna, in the frame of the study of dna double-strand break repair. Our approach which combines the contributions of transmission electron microscopy and of afm shows a cooperative polymerization of ku along dna and a very different binding mode on single-stranded dna. This work shows the interest of molecular imaging for the characterization of target site research mechanisms by proteins
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Larcher, Mélanie. "Études de la liaison du complexe Ku aux télomères et du délai de croissance des survivants de type I chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9509.
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L’extrémité des chromosomes linéaires est une structure nucléoprotéique très conservée chez les organismes eucaryotes. Elle est constituée du télomère et des régions sous-télomériques répétées (STR) qui sont placées en amont du télomère.
Chez la levure bourgeonnante, on trouve deux types de télomère, les télomères XY’ et les télomères X, qui se distinguent par la nature des STR positionnées en amont des répétitions télomériques. Le télomère et les STR sont liés par pas moins de dix protéines qui vont participer au maintien et à la régulation de l’extrémité chromosomique nécessaires à la stabilité du génome. Le télomère protège ainsi le chromosome de dégradations ou encore de fusions avec d’autres chromosomes. Le maintien de la taille du télomère est assuré par la télomérase, une transcriptase inverse, qui permet l’ajout de répétitions pour pallier leur perte lors de la phase de réplication durant le cycle cellulaire. Lorsque la télomérase est absente, deux types particuliers de cellules, les survivants de type I et les survivants de type II, peuvent maintenir leurs télomères grâce aux mécanismes de recombinaison homologue.
Chez l’humain, les répétitions télomériques sont également liées par un certain nombre de protéines nécessaires au maintien de la stabilité de l’extrémité chromosomique. L’implication des télomères dans les processus de cancérisation, de vieillissement, mais également dans des maladies congénitales fait de cette structure un pivot dans le domaine de la recherche fondamentale. Dans 10 % des cas de cancers, l’allongement n’est pas dû à une réactivation de la télomérase comme c’est en général le cas, mais est inhérent à des processus de recombinaison homologue, comme chez la levure. Les homologies de séquences, de protéines, mais aussi de mécanismes de régulation des télomères avec les cellules humaines, font de S. cerevisiae un excellent modèle d’étude. Cette thèse se divise en trois chapitres. Les deux premiers traitent de l’interaction du complexe yKu avec les télomères de type XY’ dans le chapitre 1 puis de son interaction avec les télomères de type X dans le chapitre 2. Le chapitre 3 traite du comportement d’un type de survivant chez S. cerevisiae.
Le chapitre 1 porte donc sur l’analyse des sites de liaison aux télomères XY’ du complexe yKu par la technique de ChEC in vivo. yKu intervient dans de nombreux processus de régulation des télomères, mais aussi dans un mécanisme de réparation des cassures double-brin de l’ADN (DSBs), la NHEJ (Non homologous end-joining). Les résultats présentés dans cette partie appuient un modèle dans lequel yKu aurait plusieurs sites de liaison aux télomères et dans les répétitions télomériques interstitielles. Nous supposons que la liaison du complexe se ferait lors de la formation d’une cassure de type « one-sided break » générée à la suite du passage de la fourche de réplication à l’intérieur des répétitions télomériques.
Le chapitre 2 est également une étude des sites de liaison par la technique de ChEC in vivo du complexe yKu, mais cette fois-ci aux télomères X. Les observations faites dans cette partie viennent corroborer les résultats du chapitre 1 de la liaison de yKu à la jonction entre le télomère et les STRs, de plus elle met en évidence des interactions potentielles du complexe avec les éléments X laissant supposer l’existence d’un potentiel repliement du télomère sur la région sous-télomérique chez la levure.
Enfin, le chapitre 3 est axé sur l’étude du comportement des survivants de type I, des cellules post-sénescences qui maintiennent leurs télomères par un processus de recombinaison homologue, le mécanisme de BIR (break-induced replication) en l’absence de télomérase. Les survivants de type I présentent une croissance lente liée à un arrêt du cycle cellulaire en phase G2/M qui dépend de la protéine de contrôle Rad9, dont l’activité est en général induite par des cassures double-brin. Ce chapitre a permis d’apporter des précisions sur la croissance lente probablement inhérente à un berceau télomérique très restreint chez ce type cellulaire.
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LI-CHU, WU, and 吳麗珠. "The Study on the Accumulated Literature and Historical Materials in the Si Ku Quan Shu-Complete Library of the Four Treasuries." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k7r84c.
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碩士東吳大學
中國文學系
92
Taiwan is located in the remote eastern part of the Eurasia continent, so until the 16th century has it been unknown to the outside world. And the Taiwanese aborigines had persisted in the verbal tradition, lacking of recorded history in writing for a long time. In the end of the Ming Dynasty, because pirates occupied and looted Taiwan, the recorded historical materials were scarcely kept. During the colonial period of the Netherlands, although missionaries taught natives Roman characters, the literate people were still few. And during a certain short period of the Ming Cheng, the Confucian temples were established for the prevalence of education. In the beginning of the Ching Dynasty of which the appointed officials were in charge of the administration of Taiwan, the literature about their travel adventures was booming, and the reality of Taiwan was thus increasingly unveiled. Kao-Chung, an emperor of the Ching Dynasty, has been highly valued both in civil and military affairs. And the “Si Ku Quan Shu---Complete Library of the Four Treasuries”, which are an unprecedented immense accumulation of all our recorded history, are representative of his achievements in literature. Based on these collections of books, we can sort out the materials about the literature and history of Taiwan, helping trace back the historical development of Taiwan. This paper focused on the literature and history of Taiwan that accumulated in the “Si Ku Quan Shu---Complete Library of the Four Treasuries” of Wen Yuan Ge. The official name of Taiwan in ancient time had varied; for example, Tung-fan, Chi-lung, Pei-Kang, etc. This paper, however, exclusively studied the recorded materials that related to the sole name, Taiwan. The related data about Taiwan were collected and sorted out, and the materials’ meaning, features and values are well portrayed for a comprehensive understanding of the development of Taiwan’s literature and history at the early stage of the Ching Dynasty. This paper is divided into five chapters consisting of thirteen sections, with an appendix of “the list of the related data about Taiwanese literature and history in the “Si Ku Quan Shu---Complete Library of the Four Treasuries”. In the first chapter, the introduction part explicates the motivation, purpose, scope, methods, and the study procedure of this paper. The second chapter is on the Taiwanese literature and history quoted in the “Si Ku Quan Shu---Complete Library of the Four Treasuries”. These data are discussed in terms of History (Shi), Philosophy (Zi), Belles-lettres (Ji), respectively. The third chapter points out the significance of these data. The Taiwan before being incorporated into the Ching Dynasty is researched in light of “Taiwan in ancient literature”, “the coining of Taiwan’s name”, “Cheng Ho and Taiwan”, “the Taiwan occupied by pirates at the end of the Ming Dynasty,” respectively. The fourth chapter works on the data of Taiwan’s literature and history collected in the “Si Ku Quan Shu---Complete Library of the Four Treasuries”, of which the characteristics and values, on the Taiwan part, are analytically explained. Finally, the fifth chapter is conclusion.
Books on the topic "Ku complex"
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Semantic interpretation and the resolution of ambiguity. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
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Wu, Le-Jung. The purification and characterisation of ku-associated protein complex in Schizosaccharomyces Pombe. 2004.
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Sielepin, Adelajda. Ku nowemu życiu : teologia i znaczenie chrześcijańskiej inicjacji dla życia wiarą. Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/9788374388047.
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TOWARDS THE NEW LIFE Theology and Importance of Christian Initiation for the Life of Faith The book is in equal parts a presentation and an invitation. The subject matter of both is the mystagogical initiation leading to the personal encounter with God and eventually to the union within the Church in Christ, which happens initially and particualry in the sacramental liturgy. Mystagogy was the essential experience of life in the early Church and now is being so intensely discussed and postulated by the ecclesial Magisterium and through the teaching of the recent popes and synods. Within the ten chapters of this book the reader proceeds through the aspects strictly associated with Christian initiation, noticeable in catechumenate and suggestive for further Christian life. It is not surprising then, that the study begins with answering the question about the sense of dealing with catechumenate at all. The response developed in the first chapter covers four key points: the contemporary state of our faith, the need for dialogue in evangelization, the importance of liturgy in the renewal of faith and the obvious requirement of follo- wing the Church’s Magisterium, quite explicit in the subject undertaken within this book. The introductory chapter is meant to evoke interest in catechumenate as such and encourage comprehension of its essence, in order to keep it in mind while planning contemporary evangelization. For doing this with success and avoiding pastoral archeology, we need a competent insight into the main message and goal of Christian initiation. Catechumenate is the first and most venerable model of formation and growth in faith and therefore worth knowing. The second chapter tries to cope with the reasons and ways of the present return to the sources of catechumenate with respect to Christian initiation understood to be the building of the relationship with God. The example of catechumenate helps us to discover, how to learn wisely from the history. This would definitely mean to keep the structure and liturgy of catechumenate as a vehicle of God’s message, which must be interpreted and adapted always anew and with careful and intelligent consideration of the historical flavour on particular stages within the history of salvation and cultural conditions of the recipients. For that reason we refer to the Biblical resources and to the historical examples of catechumenate including its flourishing and declining periods, after which we are slowly approaching the present reinterpretation of the catechumenal process enhanced by the official teaching of the Church. As the result of the latter, particularly owing to the Vatican Council II, we are now dealing with the renewed liturgy of baptism displayed in two liturgical books: The Rite of Baptism for Children and the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA). This version for adults is the subjectmatter of the whole chapter, in which a reader can find theological analyses of the particular rites as well as numerous indications for improving one’s life with Christ in the Church. You can find interesting associations among the rites of initiation themselves and astounding coherence between those rites and the sacraments of the Eucharist, penance and other sacraments, which simply means the ordinary life of faith. Deep and convincing theology of the process of initiation proves the inspiring spiritual power of the initial and constitutive sacraments of baptism and confirmation, which may seem attractive not only for catechumens but also for the faithful baptized in their infancy, and even more, since they might have not yet had a chance to see what a plausible treasure they have been conveying in their baptismal personality. How much challenge for further and constant realization in life may offer these introductory events of Christian initiation, yet not sufficiently appreciated by those who have already been baptized and confirmed! We all should submit to permanent re-evangelization according to this primary pattern, which always remains essential and fundamental. Very typical and very post-conciliar approach to Christian formation appears in the communal dimension, which guards and guarantees the ecclesial profile of initiation and prepares a person to be a living member of the Church. The sixth chapter of the book is dealing with ecclesial issues in liturgy. They refer to comprehending the word of God, especially in the context of liturgy, which brings about a peculiar theological sense to it and giving a special character to proclaiming the Gospel, which the Pope Francis calls “liturgical proclamation”. The ecclesial premises influence the responsibility for the fact of accompanying the candidates, who aim at becoming Christ’s disciples. As the Church is teaching also in the theological and pastoral introduction to the RCIA, this is the duty of all Christians, which means: priests, religious and the lay, because the Church is one organism in whose womb the new members are conceived and raised. As this fact is strongly claimed by the Church the method of initiation arises to great importance. The seventh chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the catechumenal method stemming from Christ’s pedagogy and His mystery of Incarnation introducing a very important issue of implementing the Divine into the human. The chapter concerning this method opens a more practical part of the book. The crucial message of it is to make mystagogy a natural and obvious method which is the way of building bonds with Christ in the community of the people who already have these bonds and who are eager to tighten them and are aware of the beauty and necessity of closeness with Christ. Christian initiation is the process of entering the Kingdom of God and meeting Christ up to the union with Him – not so much learning dogmas and moral requirements. This is a special time when candidates-catechumens-elected mature in love and in their attitude to Christ and people, which results in prayer and new way of life. As in the past catechumenate nowadays inspires the faithful in their imagination of love and mercy as well as reminds us about various important details of the paschal way of life, which constitute our baptismal vocation, but may be forgotten and now with the help of catechumenate can be recognized anew, while accompanying adults on their catechumenal way. The book is meant for those who are already involved in catechumenal process and are responsible for the rites and formation as well as for those who are interested in what the Church is offering to all who consciously decide to know and follow Christ. You can learn from this book, what is the nature and specificity of the method suggested by the Rite itself for guiding people to God the Saviour and to the community of His people. The aim of the study is to present the universal way of evangelization, which was suggested and revealed by God in His pedagogy, particularly through Jesus Christ and smoothly adopted by the early Church. This way, which can be called a method, is so complete, substantial and clear that it deserves rediscovery, description and promotion, which has already started in the Church’s teaching by making direct references to such categories as: initiation, catechumenate, liturgical formation, the rereading the Mystery of Christ, the living participation in the Mystery and faith nourished by the Mystery. The most engaging point with Christian initiation is the fact, that this seems to be the most effective way of reviving the parish, taking place on the solid and safe ground of liturgy with the most convincing and objective fact that is our baptism and our new identity born in baptismal regenerating bath. On the grounds of our personal relationship with God and our Christian vocation we can become active apostles of Christ. Evangelization begins with ourselves and in our hearts. Thinking about the Church’s mission, we should have in mind our personal mission within the Church and we should refer to it’s roots – first to our immersion into Christ’s death and resurrection and to the anointment with the Holy Spirit. In this Spirit we have all been sent to follow Christ wherever He goes, not necessarily where we would like to direct our steps, but He would. Let us cling to Him and follow Him! Together with the constantly transforming and growing Church! Towards the new life!
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Sherlock Holmes compleet: 4 romans & 56 verhalen. Amsterdam: Loeb, 1989.
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5
Josephson, Susan G., and John R. Josephson. Abductive Inference: Computation, Philosophy, Technology. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
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Josephson, Susan G., and John R. Josephson. Abductive Inference: Computation, Philosophy, Technology. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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(Editor), John R. Josephson, and Susan G. Josephson (Editor), eds. Abductive Inference: Computation, Philosophy, Technology. Cambridge University Press, 1996.
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8
Hirst, Graeme. Semantic Interpretation and the Resolution of Ambiguity. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
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Hirst, Graeme. Semantic Interpretation and the Resolution of Ambiguity. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ku complex"
1
Mimori, T., N. Hama, A. Suwa, Y. Ohsone, M. Akizuki, M. Homma, A. J. Griffith, and J. A. Hardin. "Molecular Cloning of the Human Autoantigen KU (p70/p80), a DNA-Terminal-Binding Protein Complex." In Molecular and Cell Biology of Autoantibodies and Autoimmunity. Abstracts, 53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46681-6_45.
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Araki, S., and T. Hirashita. "Allylic Diindium Complex." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2010/4, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-107-00082.
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Merino, P. "Metal Complex Formation." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2011/1, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-127-00030.
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Margaretha, P. "Hydrogenation Using Homogeneous Metal Complex Catalysts." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2011/1, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-140-00005.
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Araki, S., and T. Hirashita. "Allylic Indium Complex from 4-Bromobuta-1,2-diene." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2010/4, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-107-00081.
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Arai, T. "Lanthanum Trisodium Tris(binaphtholate) Complex for Michael Reaction." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2011/1, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-108-00023.
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Arai, T. "Neodymium/Sodium–Amidophenol Complex for -Selective Henry Reaction." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2010/4, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-108-00028.
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Elmajid, Hassan, Jaouad Terhzaz, and Hassan Ammor. "A New Technique to Determine the Complex Permittivity of Each Layer for a Bi-Layer Dielectric Material at Microwave Frequency." In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 115–45. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0773-4.ch004.
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A new technique is presented to determine the complex relative permittivity of each layer of a bi-layer dielectric material. The bi-layer material sample is loaded in a Ku-band rectangular waveguide and its two port S-parameters are measured as a function of frequency using a Network Analyzer. Also, by applying the mode matching technique, expressions for the S-parameters of the bi-layer dielectric material as a function of complex relative permittivity of each layer are developed. To estimate the complex permittivity of each layer for a bi-layer dielectric material, the square sums of errors between the measured and calculated S-parameters are minimized using a nonlinear optimization algorithm. The complex permittivity of each layer for a bi-layer dielectric material such as FR4-Teflon, FR4-Delrin and Delrin-Teflon are determined at the Ku-band frequencies, the average relative errors between the individual dielectric materials and those of each layer of bi-layer dielectric materials are calculated.
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Hendrickson, Eric, Joy Huffman, and John Tainer. "Structural Aspects of Ku and the DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Complex." In DNA Damage Recognition. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780849352683.ch29.
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Shimizu, M. "Method 2: Synthesis of (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidino)magnesium Chloride–Lithium Chloride Complex." In Science of Synthesis Knowledge Updates KU 2011/1, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-107-00032.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ku complex"
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Uher, J., Y. Demers, and S. Richard. "Complex feed chains for satellite antenna applications at Ku- and Ka-band." In 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation and CNC-USNC/URSI Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2010.5561195.
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Kuru, Onur. "AI-KU at SemEval-2016 Task 11: Word Embeddings and Substring Features for Complex Word Identification." In Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2016). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/s16-1163.
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Moni, Vlastimil, Michal Rehor, Lubomir Donat, and Tomas Miletic. "COMPLEX PARAMETERS MEASURING DURING EXPERIMENTAL OPERATION OF EXCAVATOR KU 300 NEW BUCKET WITH ESCO� TOOTH IN THE CSA MINE." In 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM 2020. STEF92 Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/1.2/s03.007.
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Gourdon, C., R. Sevin, D. Domnesque, and M. Camiade. "A High Linearity, Low Phase Noise and High Operating Temperature Ku-band MMIC VCO-Prescaler, suitable for Complex Modulations ACC radar source." In 2006 European Microwave Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eumc.2006.281207.
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Arakelyan, Artashes K., Arsen A. Arakelyan, Sargis A. Darbinyan, Melanya L. Grigoryan, Izabela K. Hakobyan, Astghik K. Hambaryan, Vardan K. Hambaryan, Vanik V. Karyan, Gagik G. Hovhannisyan, and Eduard A. Vardanyan. "An experimental site with a complex of polarimetric, combined active-passive sensors of of S-, C-, Ku-, and Ka-band of frequencies for soil and snow remote sensing and surveillance." In Defense and Security Symposium, edited by J. Thomas Broach, Russell S. Harmon, and John H. Holloway, Jr. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.663935.
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Greet, Langie, Sofie Craps, and Lynn Van den Broeck. "Students’ perceptions of a major engineering curriculum reform." In SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Barcelona: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1382.
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As the demands of industry are evolving and new generations of students are entering universities, many engineering faculties invest time in curriculum reforms based on inspirational innovations, underpinned by engineering education research. The Faculty of Engineering Technology (FET) of KU Leuven had an additional argument to implement a huge programme reform: this faculty, hosting more than 6000 students spread across seven campuses in Flanders (Belgium), was an amalgam of different traditions and visions. Their merger into one faculty in 2013 aimed to optimize the organisation of research, education and community service. The goal of the programme reform in 2020-2021 was fourteenfold: enhancing our typical profile of (1) hands-on engineering in (2) strong interaction with the labour market and setting up (3) a technology hub with more attention to (4) multidisciplinarity, (5) professional competencies, (6) personal development & support, (7) lifelong learning and (8) challenges including (9) complex problem solving. The reform also aims to increase the (10) attractiveness and (11) social relevance of the programmes. By strengthening the internal coherence in the faculty, we can exploit the (12) multicampus narrative to offer students more choices and develop their (13) future disciplinary self, supported by (14) choice guidance. This paper describes how the curriculum was adapted in order to achieve these goals and presents the results of perception measurements organised among freshmen who followed the old programme in 2019-2020 and freshmen registered in the new programme in 2020-2021. Of foremost importance is the increased feeling that the professional competencies are essential for an engineer.
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Biao, Sun, Li Changyou, and Kang Xiaoke. "Design of Ku Band Image Coupled Power Synthesis Circuit." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compem.2019.8779164.
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Furuya, Okitsugu. "Hydrodynamic Problems in an Industry-Academia Cooperation Program." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37663.
Full textAbstract:
In Japan it is a common practice that the student at the senior year in engineering education needs to conduct a thesis work as a part of the graduation requirement. In most cases he or she becomes a member of a specific research laboratory where the professor provides a thesis project for the student to complete within a year. Engineering Clinic Program (ECP) at the Kogakuin University (KU) is an industry-academia cooperation program where the company provides a project for the students who work together as a team of four to five. ECP replaces the traditional thesis work for the graduation requirement. All projects in ECP coming from the industry are of open-end and of most advanced technology so that the students work on the real world problems just like the engineer in the company. The technical liaison from the company together with the faculty advisor guides the students, although they never give the solution to them. They should come up with some solutions to the problem within the limited timeframe and thus the creative ability and also management capability are cultivated. The students learn how to apply the knowledge learned at class to solving a real engineering problem. The problems the industry provides to ECP are of wide variety and also multidisciplinary in the engineering field. Among them, presented herein are two fluid dynamic problems handled in ECP in the past,: 1) development of accurate droplet measurements in intravenous injection pump, and 2) study of a journal bearing for Jet Pump. How these fluid dynamic problems provided from the industry were handled by the students with the help of the liaisons and advisors are described in this paper.