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1
Ali, Azham Md. "1MDB: The Audit Firms’ Questions." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 6, no. 1 (February 19, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v6i1.9057.
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The 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) has had three auditors since it started its operation several years ago. The issues of interest are related to the subject matter of auditor switching and the audit failure allegations made against its two latter auditors: KPMG and Deloitte. When it concerns Deloitte, it was accused of hiding 1MDB’s insolvency. As for the KPMG, it was accused of failing to expose the allegedly suspicious transactions between 1MDB and its joint venture partner Petrosaudi International Limited (PSI) to the relevant authorities. As for the auditor switching from KPMG to Deloitte, questions arose on the reasons for and its timing.
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Campbell, Katherine, and Duane Helleloid. "Individual Decisions and Public Trust: The PCAOB and KPMG." Journal of Business Ethics Education 19 (2022): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jbee20221914.
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What might seem like a small ethical transgression by an individual can lead to a series of subsequent decisions, and result in serious fraud. This can not only impact the individuals involved and their organizations, but also erode public trust in firms and institutions. When Brian Sweet left a position with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), an organization that oversees the inspection of audits, and went to work for KPMG, one of the large accounting firms whose audits he had inspected, he took with him confidential information that he thought could prove useful in his new position. Sweet subsequently shared confidential information with his new employer, and over the next two years acquired additional confidential information through contacts at PCAOB. Debra Kaufmann, a KPMG audit partner, was faced with a decision about how to react when Sweet shared confidential information that she believed neither she nor KPMG should have.
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Manchur, Iryna. "Analysis of the activities of international companies on the ukrainian-russian market under the influence of the war." Economic Analysis, no. 33(1) (2023): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2023.01.156.
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This article is devoted to the study of the nature of the reflection of such geopolitical events as the russian-Ukrainian war of 2022 in the note "events after the reporting period" of the annual financial statements of transnational companies for the year 2021. The article examines annual reports, for which the reporting period is from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021, and the russian-Ukrainian war began on February 24, 2022, the specified geopolitical event is the second type of event - an event that indicates the conditions that arose after the reporting period. Thus, according to the recommendations of the consulting company BDO and the auditing company KPMG, this event does not require the adjustment of the indicators of the annual report. Experts of the auditing company KPMG substantiated this statement by the fact that significant changes in the economic conditions of business and the political environment, as a direct consequence of the war, occurred after the end date of the reporting period. Substantial changes mean the military invasion of russia on the territory of Ukraine and, as a result, the introduction of economic sanctions against the government and business of russia and Belarus by the international community.
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Hastings, W. K. "Controller and Auditor-General v Davison: Three Comments." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 26, no. 2 (May 1, 1996): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v26i2.6164.
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This article is a case note of Controller and Auditor-General v Davison CA 226/95, 16 February 1996. The case involved an application for judicial review of an order by the "Winebox" Commission of Inquiry to the Audit Office and KPMG Peat Marwick to produce documents relating to their functions as Government Auditor of the Cook Islands. The three authors make comments about the case and its impact on private international law, noting in particular the doctrine of sovereign immunity. *NOTE: a French version summary is provided at 476.
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Ward, Sandra, and Denise Carter. "Information as an asset – Today’s Board Agenda: The value of rediscovering gold." Business Information Review 36, no. 2 (April 29, 2019): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266382119844639.
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In today’s fast moving environment, organizations either thrive or fail depending on how they manage information. Information is a critical and strategic organizational asset and must be harnessed as a business asset. This requires action and leadership at Board level. In 1995, a pivotal report, the Hawley report, argued this case forcibly and presented an agenda for Board action developed through discussion among 30 UK private and public sector organizations working within a KPMG IMPACT programme. Actions to ensure that Board operation was underpinned by sufficient and valid information were accompanied by recommended measures to ensure information assets were well and legally managed and deployed to advantage at every level of operations. A successor report has just been published by the Chartered Institute of Information Professionals, KPMG, CIO Connect and IK SpringBoard supported by the Network for Information and Knowledge Exchange. It reinforces the responsibilities of Boards in leading their organization’s information vision, policy, strategy and governance. This article explains why senior leadership is so vital as the fourth industrial age is followed by the fifth and the power of information is transformed through artificial intelligence and Interconnection.
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Крахмальова, Ніна А., and Євгеній В. Хвощенко. "ПРАКТИКА ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ СТАНДАРТІВ ЩОДО РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ БІЗНЕС-ПЛАНУ." Journal of Strategic Economic Research, no. 4 (July 13, 2023): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2786-5398.2022.4.10.
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У статті досліджено важливість та актуальність складання бізнес-плану для підприємств будь-якої сфери діяльності. Розглянуто ключові завдання, які вирішує якісно складений бізнес-план. Зокрема, зазначається, що ефективне бізнес-планування на підприємствах сприяє забезпеченню стабільного розвитку суб’єкта господарювання, досягненню кращих результатів діяльності, а також підвищенню конкуренції на ринку, на якому воно працює. Наголошується, що бізнес-план є вкрай необхідним інструментом, особливо під час запуску нового напряму економічної діяльності, оскільки саме бізнес-план дає змогу здійснити детальний попередній аналіз та прогнозування розвитку підприємницького проєкту. Ключовий фокус дослідження спрямовано на вивчення успішного досвіду складання бізнес-планів за міжнародними та європейськими стандартами. Констатується, що існують різні методи написання бізнес-планів, які спираються на державні, місцеві, національні чи міжнародні стандарти. Більшість методів розроблено шляхом адаптації міжнародних стандартів бізнес-планування до національних практик. Зокрема, в межах цього дослідження увагу зосереджено на методології складання бізнес-планів відповідно до стандартів Організації Об'єднаних Націй з промислового розвитку – UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization), Європейського банку реконструкції та розвитку (European Bank of Reconstruction and Development), програм технічної допомоги для СНД – TACIS (Technical Assistance for the Commonwealth of Independent States), а також принципів міжнародної мережі фірм-членів KPMG International (KPMG International Cooperative). Представлено структуру бізнес-планів за цими стандартами, а також надано коротку характеристику кожному з них. Крім того, зазначено, що на вітчизняних підприємствах є певні проблеми з реалізацію бізнес-планів, пов’язані, насамперед, з розглядом лише одного або декількох розділів бізнес-планів, ігноруючи важливість інших. За результатами дослідження робиться висновок про те, що при розробці бізнес-планів українські підприємства мають зосереджуватись не лише на фінансових аспектах планування діяльності, а й приділяти належну увагу іншим розділам структури бізнес-плану, оскільки кожен з них несе свою важливу для інвестора інформацію (насамперед, це стосується розділу із планування ризиків, який, на жаль, часто виявляється недостатньо розробленим вітчизняними компаніями).
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Seipp, Edward, Sean Kinsella, and Deborah L. Lindberg. "Xerox, Inc." Issues in Accounting Education 26, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 219–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2011.26.1.219.
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ABSTRACT: This audit case examines an interesting real-life instance of financial statement manipulation by a client (Xerox, Inc.) and the related audit failure by the audit firm (KPMG). The facts of this case are drawn from several SEC Accounting Enforcement and Administrative Proceedings Releases. Learning objectives specific to this case include an increased awareness of the importance of reserves, including when their use is appropriate or inappropriate; better understanding of the role of a concurring partner; improved perception of when departures from GAAP are improper; a heightened awareness of the importance of professional skepticism; the identification of audit risk factors; exposure to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS); and identification of illegal acts by a client’s management.
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C. Hok, Donald, Pierfilippo M. Natta, Olivia Acuff, and George Zaharatos. "Eradicating Forced Labour in Global Supply Chains." Global Trade and Customs Journal 15, Issue 8 (August 1, 2020): 388–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2020078.
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Whilst globalization has taken command of supply chains worldwide, and human rights practices are being respected with stricter conviction, the burden to eradicate forced Labour and modern slavery from global supply chains has shifted from governments to corporations. In this article Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler (KPMG) offers a global perspective on how the US government has ramped up efforts in eliminating forced Labour linked to the importation of goods into the US. The article addresses both policy and legislative authorities as well as case studies linked to company initiatives. A further observance addressing leading practices is offered in order to provide a more human rights compliant policy for corporations. Forced Labour, Human Rights, Customs, Imports, Uyghur, Xinjang, Convict Labour, Consumptive Demand, Section 1307, USTR.
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Erasmus, Henro, Surika Van Rooyen, and Merwe Oberholzer. "Unsystematic Risk In South African Privately-Owned Company Valuations." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 28, no. 3 (April 30, 2012): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i3.6961.
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The purpose of the study is to determine whether advisory firms valuing privately-owned companies in South Africa take unsystematic risk into account and, if they do, how objectively it is done. A literature search was reviewed and used as a foundation in a questionnaire to gather information from the big four audit, advisory and taxation firms (PricewaterhouseCoopers, KPMG, Deloitte & Touch and Ernst & Young). The study found that unsystematic risk is incorporated into privately-owned company valuations, but that the whole subject of valuations, especially privately-owned company valuations, does not entail entire objectivity. The study further concluded that it is possible to use unsystematic risk as a device to bring the final results of a valuation in line with the clients objective. Further research should be done by extending the population to include medium- and large advisory firms and comparing the approaches used by each group.
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Casey, Ryan J., and Jonathan H. Grenier. "Understanding and Contributing to the Enigma of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Assurance in the United States." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 34, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 97–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50736.
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SUMMARY This paper provides an empirical examination of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) assurance market in the United States. Various constituencies have found this market puzzling, as the level of assurance significantly lags international levels (Simnett et al. 2009; KPMG 2011). Results shed light on this enigma by demonstrating that, unlike their international counterparts, U.S. finance and utilities firms are not more likely (than firms in other industries) to obtain CSR assurance despite facing significant social and environmental risks. As these industries are highly regulated in the United States, regulatory oversight may be acting as a substitute for CSR assurance. We also find that highly leveraged firms are less likely to obtain CSR assurance, potentially due to stringent bank monitoring indirectly suppressing demand. Nonetheless, examining the capital market responses to CSR assurance makes the low demand even more puzzling. Specifically, CSR assurance is associated with lower cost of equity capital along with lower analyst forecast errors and dispersion. Furthermore, the reductions in cost-of-capital and forecast dispersion are significantly higher when CSR assurance is provided by an accounting firm. These results have implications for companies that are considering CSR assurance and accounting firms in developing and marketing their CSR assurance services.
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Aris, Nooraslinda Abdul, Siti Maznah Mohd Arif, Rohana Othman, and Mustafa Mohamed Zain. "Fraudulent Financial Statement Detection Using Statistical Techniques: The Case of Small Medium Automotive Enterprise." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 31, no. 4 (July 10, 2015): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v31i4.9330.
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Fraudulent financial statements (FFS) are now placed under greater public scrutiny following an increase in the number of collapses among companies due to management fraud with loses on average at 5% of revenue (ACFE, 2014). There is consensus that management fraud is an on-going reality and no single organization is immune from the damage caused by the fraudsters (KPMG Malaysia, 2009). Small and medium sized businesses are also threatened by fraudulent activities and statistics showed organizations with fewer than 100 employees experienced more fraud cases than larger corporations (ACFE, 2008). Most of the companies in the automotive industry in Malaysia are small and medium scaled, hence these companies bear a greater burden and face higher risks of fraud. Precautionary measures in preventing fraud are crucial; however, with limited resources, effective detection may be severely curtailed. This paper assesses the possibility of FFS in a small medium automotive company in Malaysia using three statistical analyses namely the Beneish model, Altman Z-Score and Financial Ratio. The findings show that there are riskier zones that need to be further investigated by the management. It is suggested for the company to establish an internal audit unit to provide assurance on the companys operations, financial reporting accuracy and adherence to the regulations.
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ISSENOVA, Aiganym. "THE CENTRAL ASIAN ECONOMY DURING THE PANDEMIC: AN ANALYSIS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS SUPPORT STRATEGIES." CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 058–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.21.2.05.
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This paper examines public policy towards small and medium-sized enterprises in the Central Asian countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A study of analytical surveys for 2020 and 2021 produced by international organizations (such as the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, KPMG, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), as well as of legal and regulatory documents and strategic programs adopted in the countries of Central Asia during the coronavirus pandemic, has made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of government decisions regarding business and to analyze public strategies for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the potential for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries is directly dependent on the measures taken by their governments to maintain and support the business sector. In particular, the study results show that the main business support tools during the coronavirus pandemic are mechanisms such as tax holidays for businesses, soft loans, loan restructuring and refinancing, and administrative support measures.
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Kulikov, A. A. "Practical Interaction of Corporate Center and Divisions of National Companies in Russia." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 3 (June 21, 2023): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2023-3-206-215.
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In situation of unprecedented economic sanctions, complete withdrawal of foreign companies from Russian market or cutting their effective product range, daily presidential and governmental acts aimed at population and business support, as well as potential new wave of COVID-19 the world forms new logistic links, brand new global structure and pays intent attention to potential and possibilities of Russia. By approaches to forms of interaction of corporate center and divisions discussed in works by G. Minzberg, D. Jonson, K. Showls, R. Wittington et al., as well as materials of the consulting companies McKinsey and KPMG, international standards of AA1000 series and analysis of the interview with spokespeople of divisions and corporate center the article identifies certain fields for the development of their interaction. They are formulated in the following way: to improve the system of information exchange, to take into account territorial specific features of each division in strategic planning, to develop the competence level of divisional heads and to search for degree of impact on the part of corporate center on division functioning depending on the level of executives’ training.
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Kalaitzake, Manolis. "Accounting for success: The Big Four as allies of finance in post crisis regulatory reform." Business and Politics 21, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 297–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bap.2019.6.
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AbstractThis paper argues that the Big Four accountancy firms—PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte, Ernst & Young, KPMG—operate as key political allies of the financial sector within financial regulatory battles. Leveraging the theoretical notion of “actor plurality” within the policymaking process, I demonstrate how, in the case of the European Union Financial Transaction Tax (FTT) initiative, accountancy professionals offered crucial support for the financial sector. They did so by disseminating key oppositional claims against the FTT proposal, developing tax mitigation and relocation strategies, preparing negative impact assessments, and advising on lobbying tactics. This allied stance of the Big Four is primarily a consequence of the ways in which their commercial priorities have been fundamentally transformed by the provision of consultancy services within the modern global economy. Moreover, the paper shows how accountancy experts are deeply embedded within a network of professional relationships that fosters substantive policy alignment between the Big Four and prominent financial lobbying groups. By highlighting the overlooked role of the major accountancy firms within post crisis regulatory reform, the study illuminates the unequal power relations that permeate financialized societies and contributes to a deeper understanding of how financial preferences continue to prevail within the policymaking process.
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Helliwell, Philip S., Dafna D. Gladman, and Alice B. Gottlieb. "Prologue: 2016 Annual Meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)." Journal of Rheumatology 44, no. 5 (May 2017): 658–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.170139.
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The 2016 annual meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) was held in Miami, Florida, USA, and attended by rheumatologists, dermatologists, and representatives of biopharmaceutical companies and patient groups. As in previous years, GRAPPA members held a symposium for trainees to discuss their research in psoriatic disease with experts in the field. A strategic planning session was convened by the Steering Committee this year to review the work of GRAPPA since its inception in 2003. Other subjects featured during the annual meeting included a partnership with KPMG LLP (UK) to conduct interviews at research centers worldwide to analyze the process of care in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA); a discussion of the effects of interleukin 17–related pathways on the skin and joints in psoriasis and PsA; summaries of recently published treatment recommendations and related guides; 4 separate discussions of psoriasis patient examinations; updates from working groups in the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and the International Dermatology Outcome Measures; a discussion of patient centricity from GRAPPA’s patient research partners; and an update of research and educational projects from GRAPPA. In this prologue, we introduce the papers that summarize that meeting.
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Tewari, Ankur Ratnam, and Lokesh Ramnath Maharajh. "Exploring Reflections of Lecturers on Ethics in the Accounting Curriculum: A Case Study of Ukzn and Unizulu, South Africa." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 4 (March 18, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n4p65.
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The accounting profession has changed considerably over the past twenty years or so. This has led to the new accounting curriculum undergoing many changes such as increased financial fraud coverage, laws relating to financial crime and globalisation and financial security issues. However, there have been many financial scandals in the 21st century in the African and American context. Several notable incidents of ethical misconduct such as Enron, Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler (KPMG), and Satyam (which negatively impact the world economy) are examples of misuse of accounting to cover the truth. Lack of ethics is believed to be responsible for most of these scandals. This study, therefore, aims at understanding the reflections on the issue of ethics in teaching accounting. The study followed a case study approach and involved a small sample of accounting lecturers from UKZN and UNIZULU. The study's findings suggest that special topical issues on ethics should be taught in each accounting course. For example, in the auditing course, ethical procedures should be touched upon, and students should be sensitized about accountants' ethical behaviour.
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Kostyuchenko, N., and A. Zakorko. "TRANSNATIONAL COMPANIES’ STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 4 (2019): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.4-15.
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The paper is dedicated to the investigation of the impact of the Global Sustainable Development Goals on the strategic planning of transnational corporations and their competitiveness. The object of the paper is transnational corporations in the sector of fast-moving consumer goods, particularly: Danone S.A., Kraft Heinz, PepsiCo Inc., the Coca Cola company, Unilever PLC, P&G, Johnson& Johnson, Mondelez International, Nestle S.A., Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco. The article focuses on analysis of fast-moving consumer goods’ sector and examines the relevance of the companies’ activities to the Global Sustainable Development Goals. The role of “green” investments for competitiveness of transnational corporations has been identified. The information base of the paper is the United Nations’ information materials, Forbes information resources, the statistical data of NASDAQ, publications of famous audit and consulting companies (Deloitte, KPMG, PwC), transnational companies’ official reports, and scientific papers of Ukrainian and foreign researches. A rank of scientific research methods was applied in the paper: descriptive method - for general analysis of transnational companies’ strategic planning; analytical method and comparative method - for evaluation and analysis of transnational corporations’ stock prices and market capitalization in the fast-moving consumer goods’ sector; system analysis - for identification of the key characteristics of strategic planning of transnational corporations in the context of the Global Sustainable Development Goals. The authors propose recommendations that can be used while creating strategies for the development of international companies, including transnational corporations, as well as while analyzing the compliance of existing companies' strategies with the Global Sustainable Development Goals. Keywords: fast-moving consumer goods’ market, Global Report Initiative, Global Sustainable Development Goals, strategic planning, transnational corporations.
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Gordieieva, Tamara, and Arutiun Tsaturian. "Analysis of trends and determinants of the «Big 4» companies in the global audit market." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 4(72) (August 22, 2023): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.286076.
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The object of research is the «Big 4» – a group of the largest international auditing companies, which includes: Deloitte (Great Britain), PricewaterhouseCoopers (USA), Ernst&Young (Great Britain) and KPMG (Netherlands). The target market of the «Big Four» companies is mainly large companies operating in various sectors of the world economy and regions of the world. Over the years, the «Big 4» companies have been leading the global audit services market and growing their revenues. Companies offer audit, tax and consulting services to their clients. This study is aimed at determining and evaluating the influence of the state of the world economy on the performance of companies and identifying the key endogenous determinants of the sustainability of their development. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of growth rates of global gross domestic product and aggregate global income of the «Big 4» companies during 2009–2022 showed their similarity, but not identity. The annual growth rates of the «Big 4» aggregate income mostly exceeded similar indicators of the global gross domestic product. The conducted correlation-regression analysis of the dependence of the aggregate revenues of the «Big 4» companies on the economic situation in the world confirmed the significant influence of the state of the world economy on the performance of the «Big 4» and made it possible to determine the level of this influence. A number of endogenous determinants contributing to the sustainable development of a group of companies in an unstable economic environment have been identified: the target segment (the largest international and national companies), broad industry diversification and geographical coverage of client companies, timely updating of the range of services in accordance with demand, effective international marketing strategies, use innovative technologies, highly professional management and company personnel.
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Desyatirikov, A. N., Y. B. Nechaev, E. N. Desyatirikova, and E. A. Lyutova. "The mechanism of attracting investment in the regional economy on the example of the Voronezh region." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 4 (March 21, 2019): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-4-378-383.
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A conceptual approach to attracting investment in the Voronezh region, which is characterized by taking into account the peculiarities of the region in the social, economic, geopolitical areas of activity, is proposed. The analysis and assessment of existing resources for economic growth: human resources, geographical location of the region, raw materials and natural resources, provision of the region with engineering resources. The basic principles of creating an export-oriented economy are formulated: support for domestic manufacturers operating in accordance with international quality standards; deepening the degree of processing of raw materials supplied to the international market; Attraction of investments in the sphere of production. In the context of the sanctions geopolitical situation, the need for an aggressive concept to attract investment in the region's economy has been substantiated. In this aspect, a comparative analysis of the state of the economy of the Voronezh region and other regional economies was carried out. The ways of solving problems related to attracting investments to the region, based on the principle of attracting the Big Four companies (Ernst & Young, Delloite & Touche, KPMG, PricewaterhouseCooper) to the development of the concept of regional investment policy on outsourcing terms, are shown.The solutions found are indirectly verified using the example of investment management experience at the state level (the experience of the PRC). The positive experience of increasing the investment attractiveness obtained in the course of the organizational and administrative activities of the authors in the management of Concern Sozvezdie OJSC has been taken into account and developed.
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León-Vega, Luisa, Eduardo Ron-Amores, and Arnaldo Vergara-Romero. "The challenges of taxation in the digital economy: analysis of the Ecuadorian tax system." Revista Amazonia Investiga 12, no. 61 (February 28, 2023): 262–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2023.61.01.27.
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The purpose of this research is to evaluate the current state of taxation of the digital economy and project its contribution to the tax system in Ecuador. A methodology of qualitative approach and exploratory scope was used, through a comparative matrix of Latin American countries, their BEPS regulations and an analysis of the effectiveness of the actions taken on taxes on the digital economy. Statistical data was taken from Tax Administrations, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the Inter-American Center of Tax Administrations and the KPMG Tax News Digital Economy Report. For the projection of fiscal income, the Financial Statements of multinational companies that do not have headquarters in Ecuador were considered and through simple regression the future collection was estimated. The results showed that the projection of digital taxes in Ecuador would be 200.27 million dollars for the period 2022-2025, with 80% corresponding to VAT. In addition, it was revealed that there is a derivative collection not considered as a product of the information provided by digital companies, causing additional potential collection. In the diagnosis of advances in international tax matters in the Region, it is concluded that tax regulations in Latin America respond to the tax challenges of the digital economy on a global scale.
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Dorosh, N. I., and I. V. Horobets. "Organization and Standardization of Sustainability Reporting." Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, no. 1-2 (January 15, 2019): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/nasoa.1-2.2019.05.
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The objective of the studyis to highlightthe content, purposes, standards and applications of sustainability reporting, to present a comparative analysisof the sustainability reporting framework from the point of view of internal and external users, to analyze government regulations and best practices of development and presentation of sustainability reporting.Main components of sustainability, definitions of sustainability, content of sustainability reporting, the International Reporting Framework, the reporting content under Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), numbers of companies preparing report by GRI are illustrated. One of the most important tasks of this article is to clarify the position of the Ukrainian business entities with respect to sustainability reporting and outline the ways to improve it by use of world’s best practices.A review of sustainability reporting practices at Ukrainian companies is made. It shows that Ukrainian enterprises developing and presenting sustainability reporting based on GRI framework can be divided into groups: large multinational companies with divisions in Ukraine (Coca-Cola, Deloitte, EY, KPMG, British American Tobacco, Nestle, etc.); Ukrainian nature companies (Arcelor, VEON, Energoatom (first state company in Ukraine adopted GRI) companies of SKM group: DTEK, Ukrtelecom, UMG, etc.). The numbers of Ukrainian companies who develop, present and disclose information on sustainability remain to be low due to economic, geo-politic, socio-cultural factors. Recommendations on further development of sustainability reporting in Ukraine are given.
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Siemińska, Ewa, and Małgorzata Krajewska. "Conditions and Directions of Investing on the World Real Estate Market." Real Estate Management and Valuation 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/remav-2017-0033.
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Abstract The main topic assumed in the article are investments in the real estate market, with particular consideration given to their scale and changes in the directions of investing in the context of a dynamically changing geopolitical and economic situation throughout the world. This is seeing as how the activity of investors reflects the need and preferences of various groups of buyers and users of built surfaces, while accounting for the risk accompanying investment decisions as well as the widely understood operating conditions. Constant observation and monitoring of these phenomena, their dynamics as well as structural changes is a remarkably important and very needed study, both as far as science and practical application are concerned, as it allows for the processes taking place to be tracked, while their informational value is more valuable the more uncertain the market and more difficult it and the behaviors of its participants are to predict. The work uses the newest available reports and analyses of the largest auditors dealing with worldwide and global real estate markets, such as: JLL, Colliers International, CBRE, Cushman&Wakefield, KPMG, World Economic Forum, or Savills and UBS Group Ag. The aim of the work is the synthetic analysis of changes and directions of investing on the real estate market on a global scale, in the context of the newest political-economic situations throughout the world.
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Chhabra, Bindu. "Impact of Core-self Evaluation and Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intentions: a Study of Indian Retail Sector." Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 292–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/omee.2018.10.00015.
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Attrition is the major problem in the Indian Retail Industry which experienced the attrition rate of 19.4% in FY 2016 according to KPMG Annual Compensation Trends Survey 2017-18. The focus of these organizations is to reduce turnover by focusing on the underlying factors leading to turnover intentions and actual turnover. The present study was conducted to explore the effect of job satisfaction and core self-evaluation on turnover intentions. The purpose of the study was also to see if core self-evaluation (CSE) moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions. The study was conducted using structured questionnaires for measuring the above-mentioned variables. The sample of the study was 347 salespersons from various retail organizations working in Delhi and NCR. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that both job satisfaction and CSE were negatively related to turnover intentions. Also, CSE was found to moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions such that the relationship was stronger for the employees with low core self-evaluation. The present study has important implications for policy makers in the retail sector. Managers should use strategies to increase job satisfaction in order to curb high attrition in this sector. They must be aware of the moderating role played by personality attributes in the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions.
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Baber, Hasnan. "Service Quality Perception of Customers – a Study of Toyota Motors in India." Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/omee.2018.10.00016.
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Attrition is the major problem in the Indian Retail Industry which experienced the attrition rate of 19.4% in FY 2016 according to KPMG Annual Compensation Trends Survey 2017-18. The focus of these organizations is to reduce turnover by focusing on the underlying factors leading to turnover intentions and actual turnover. The present study was conducted to explore the effect of job satisfaction and core self-evaluation on turnover intentions. The purpose of the study was also to see if core self-evaluation (CSE) moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions. The study was conducted using structured questionnaires for measuring the above-mentioned variables. The sample of the study was 347 salespersons from various retail organizations working in Delhi and NCR. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that both job satisfaction and CSE were negatively related to turnover intentions. Also, CSE was found to moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions such that the relationship was stronger for the employees with low core self-evaluation. The present study has important implications for policy makers in the retail sector. Managers should use strategies to increase job satisfaction in order to curb high attrition in this sector. They must be aware of the moderating role played by personality attributes in the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions.
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Souza, Flaida Êmine Alves de, Reiner Alves Botinha, Pablo Rogers Silva, and Sirlei Lemes. "Comparability of Accounting Choices in Future Valuation of Investment Properties: An Analysis of Brazilian and Portuguese Listed Companies." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 26, no. 68 (July 10, 2015): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201500580.
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<p>One of the main purposes for adopting the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is the quest for comparability between financial statements within the same country, over time, and between different countries. IFRS have the feature of allowing accounting choices in most of their standards. However, the existence of such flexibility in the process for recognizing, measuring, and disclosing as sets and liabilities may impact on comparability. IFRS have been criticized both due to their accounting choices and the adoption of the fair value paradigm. This article examines these two issues, investigating the choice of the cost model versus the choice of the fair value model for investment properties (IPs), an option guaranteed under the terms of the International Accounting Standard (IAS) 40. This research aimed to identify the comparability degree and the factors that determine the accounting choices made by managers of IPs, in Brazilian and Portuguese listed companies, within the periods from 2010 to 2012. Comparability, within and between countries, was identified by the T-index and the search for the determining factors of accounting choices made by managers was performed by means of a logistic re gression analysis. As a result, it was found that, despite the accounting choices allowed by IAS 40, there was a mean comparability between the accounting practices of firms in these countries, but showing a decrease in the index over the years. The explanatory factors identified were auditing by one of the big four (PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, KPMG, or Ernst & Young), companies' indeb tedness, relative importance of IPs' balance, net profit, and less experience of Brazil in using the fair value method to appraise IPs.</p>
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Muigai, Sarah Watiri, and Edward Mungai. "Professionalization and growth of a Kenyan family business – Jeff Hamilton." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 12, no. 2 (April 22, 2022): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-09-2021-0281.
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Learning outcomes Upon completion of the analysis of the case, the students will be able to distinguish between a family business and a non-family business, evaluate the professionalization strategies used by Jeff Hamilton and categorize the type of family business that Jeff Hamilton is so far using the model of professionalization developed by Dekker et al. (2013). The model classifies family firms into four types according to their level of professionalization: autocracy, domestic configuration, administrative hybrid and a clench hybrid. Case overview/synopsis The case highlights how Jeff Hamilton, a family business that began in Kenya and has grown regionally in East Africa, has professionalized its operations and, by so doing, facilitated its growth. The family business is run by Major Boke and his wife Lucy Boke and was ranked number 31 in the 2019 top 100 SME survey conducted yearly by KPMG in collaboration with Nation media group – a Kenyan media company. The dilemma revolves around decision-making in the times of the COVID-19 pandemic, where structures put in place to professionalize the business facilitated the decision-making. Complexity academic level The case can be taught to undergraduate and graduate-level entrepreneurship and family business courses. It can also be taught to executive education short courses on family business and entrepreneurship. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Liu, Qiao, and Charl de Villiers. "Does the provision of voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure influence the cost of equity capital? Evidence from Australia and the United Kingdom." Corporate Ownership and Control 8, no. 4 (2011): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv8i4c1p6.
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The practice of managers of firms making voluntary social disclosures has become widespread. Corporate ownership (shareholders) will be interested to know whether these voluntary social disclosures affect them by influencing the firm’s cost of equity capital. This study investigates the relationship between the voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure of Australian and UK firms, based on the 2008 KPMG International Survey of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting and the cost of equity capital based on the Botosan and Plumlee (2005) model. Using a sample of 59 firms ranked in the top 100 of Australian and UK firms, we find that firms making voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure in compliance with the Global Reporting Initiative Guidelines are associated with an increased cost of equity capital. Our main results are robust to several alternative measures of voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure. These results can be attributed to two reasons. Firstly, firms making voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure provide information that allows certain traders to make judgments about a firm’s performance that are superior to the judgments of other traders. As a result, there may be more information asymmetry amongst traders. Secondly, shareholders consider that the information production and proprietary costs associated with voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure outweighs its potential benefits. Both explanations suggest that investors will impose a higher cost of equity on firms making voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure. In the additional tests, we show that our main results are robust to alternative measures of voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure.
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Mehta, Maahi A. "Contribution to Informal Economy; Voice of Women Artisans of India." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 4, no. 2 (April 27, 2024): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.2.23.
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Art is not just a part of life; for some, it’s life itself! and this life is being lived to the fullest by the women artisans who not only nourish the art like their own kin but also help in promoting the GDP and shaping the economy of the country. According to the International Trade Centre, women make up for 70% of the global handicraft workforce. Here, through this exhaustive research, we shall analyze the contributions, challenges, solutions and outcomes of the voice of women artisans in India and how In- dia’s GDP has got a boost indirectly with women artisans taking the center stage. A KPMG study estimated that approximately 7.3 million people depend on handicraft and allied activities for livelihood. The handicraft and handloom sector in India is a Rs 24,300-crore industry and contributes nearly Rs 10,000 crore annually in export earn- ings. Women Artisans of India and the tribal communities gearing up with their act is tru- ly inspiring amidst the brand market of the world where handmade threads and knots are giving a run for the money to the machine made and robotic assembled goods. Vocal for local and its impact which not only promotes self reliability in the tourism sec- tor but even sustainability and is environment friendly is another feature that is touched upon with reference to Indian handicrafts and emergence of new startups promoting an-cient Indian techniques is another interesting feature. Self help group and NGOs sup- porting the economic development especially during the COVID pandemic times where this industry was the worst hit has been he life savior of this massive Industry. Digital empowerment ensuring higher market reach and faster market capture is the tool that does the trick with women artisans voicing in their concerns and asking for a leading hand not for their support from the masses but an indirect upliftment via awareness generated in the market. This awareness is the gateway to Education.
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Dorohkevych, Kateryna, Orest Sydorak, and Roman Dzvonyk. "ANALYTICAL TOOLKIT FOR MENTORING ACTIVITIES IN ENTERPRISES." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 28(56) (March 30, 2023): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2023-28(56)-25-30.
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The article examines the theoretical foundations of mentoring as a system of relationships in which one person (mentor) provides support for new knowledge, development and progress of another person (student, mentee). A study of legislative and institutional support, as well as the results of practical implementation of mentoring as a form of professional socialization at enterprises (MTS Ukraine, Coca-Cola Beverages Ukraine, 3M Ukraine, KPMG in Ukraine, JSC Ukrzaliznytsia, etc.) was conducted. Positive results of mentoring determined the increase in the level of internal system of training of employees, the development of own know-how of enterprises, increasing the level of satisfaction of employees with work, the formation of high-quality intellectual and human resources potential to ensure digital transformations at enterprises, the elimination of conflicts, increasing the level of motivation, the introduction of new rules and traditions of the company, increasing the level of relevance and reliability of Management Information, expanding the network of international contacts between employees (exchange of experience, solutions and ideas), improving the skills of employees and their performance, etc. The disadvantages of implementing mentoring systems of enterprises include resistance from mentors and their unwillingness to share experience with young colleagues, as well as the spread of mentoring practices only for new employees of enterprises, young specialists, beginners in a particular profession, undeveloped feedback between mentor and mentee (mutual mentoring). Using the method of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, the article examines the analytical tools of mentoring activities, which are summarized in four groups: a targeted questionnaire survey of respondents, an online survey in the internet environment, a critical analysis of literature sources and the regulatory framework for the problem, a combination of various methods (questionnaire surveys, interviews, demonstration projects, etc.). In the context of deepening the practice of combining various methods of analysis, in order to increase the effectiveness of mentoring activities, when implementing analytical work, it is recommended to use methods of personnel assessment: 365 degrees method, Hay method, point-factor assessment, assessment center. The article outlines the essence of the recommended methods and points out the advantages of using them when analyzing mentoring systems in enterprises.
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Vejseli, Marta. "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN STATE AID LAW CONCERNING FREE TRADE ZONES." SCIENCE International Journal 2, no. 4 (December 13, 2023): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/sciencej0204043v.
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This article examines a recent ruling alongside EU legislative advancements concerning the application of EU State aid regulations to free trade zones. The correct application of state aid rules to free trade zones is crucial for several reasons, encompassing legal, economic, and political dimensions. State aid rules help to maintain a level playing field for all market participants. By ensuring that state aid is applied correctly in free trade zones, unfair advantages or disadvantages are minimized, promoting fair competition among businesses. The correct applicability of state aid rules aligns with international trade agreements and standards. It ensures that a region or country is in compliance with broader economic and trade practices which could affect international relations and trade partnerships. Further, State aid rules aim to prevent market distortions that could arise from improper subsidies or aid. By applying these rules correctly in free trade zones, economic efficiency can be better achieved, and resources can be allocated more optimally. Lastly, predictability and legal certainty are essential for investor confidence. When state aid rules are correctly applied, investors have a clearer understanding of the legal and economic environment, which may lead to increased investment and economic growth.One of the most recent case-law of the European Court of Justice (“ECJ”) is the ruling of September 21, 2022, in the case T-95/21 concerning the Madeira Free Zone State aid scheme. The ECJ affirmed that the Europeans Commission’s (hereinafter: Commission) conclusion, which stated that the implementation of the Madeira Free Zone State aid scheme (Regime III) did not adhere to the approved conditions, was accurate. The scheme was not implemented according to State aid law, and therefore it must be recovered. The primary objective of the scheme was to enhance the economic development of Madeira through tax incentives. Consequently, the General Court dismissed Portugal’s appeal against the Commission’s decision (KPMG et al., 2022). The authority however, which was involved in granting the State aid, was not only Portugal but also Região Autónoma da Madeira (Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal, hereinafter “RAM”) and therefore, it decided to appeal the Commission’s decision, as individual applicant. Same as Portugual, RAM which seeks annulment of Articles 1 and 4 to 6 of Commission Decision (EU) 2022/1414 of 4 December 2020 on the aid scheme SA.21259 (2018/C) (ex 2018/NN) implemented by Portugal in favour of the free zone of Madeira (Zona Franca da Madeira - ZFM) - Scheme III (OJ 2022, L 217, p. 49). Therefore, on June 12, 2023, the General Court was required to render a judgment on the same subject matter as its decision on September 21, 2022 (Case T-131/21 Região Autónoma da Madeira v Commission, 2023). The only distinction is that the current applicant is different from the previous case.
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Yale, Gordon, Hugh Grove, and Maclyn Clouse. "Risk management lessons learned: countrywide report." Corporate Ownership and Control 11, no. 1 (2013): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i1conf1p4.
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International and U.S. banks should benefit from studying Countrywide Financial Corporation’s business practices leading up to the 2008 financial crisis in order to develop lessons learned for improved risk management and corporate governance by both boards of directors and management. Especially for U.S. banks, the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act now requires all U.S. banks supervised by the Federal Reserve Bank to have risk management committees with at least one “risk management expert” on the committee. However, the $6.2 billion “London whale” loss at JPMorgan Chase in 2012 has motivated large institutional shareholders of JPMorgan Chase common stock to demand the removal of three risk management board members. It was hard to determine the “risk management expert” among the four committee members: a JPMorgan Chase director since 1991, the head of Honeywell International, a former KPMG executive, or the president of the American Museum of National History. Internationally, the proportion of bank boards that have risk committees was significantly higher in Europe in 2005 (26.6%) than in the United States (9.6%) (Allemand et al 2013). When a board decides to create a risk committee, it shows greater awareness of the importance of risk management and control (Hermanson 2003). When risks are complex and when the regulatory environment is strong, the creation of a risk committee becomes necessary and a risk management committee can help to make the profile risk of a bank more intelligible to the board. The presence of such a committee should lead to a lower risk (Brown, Steen and Foreman 2009). However, Countrywide had a risk management committee. Although it was repeatedly warned of investment risks by senior Countrywide executives, it ignored such risk warnings. Similarly, a weak system of management control was found to be a key, recurring structural factor in corporate governance implications from the 2008 financial crisis (Grove et al 2012). The following excerpts from the forensic accounting report on Countrywide are used to develop six key risk management lessons that should have been learned by any bank risk management committee for improved corporate governance. This forensic accounting report for Countrywide Financial Services was prepared by Gordon Yale, a practicing forensic accountant in Denver, Colorado. This forensic investigation of Countrywide was performed at the request of the Attorney General of the State of Florida who used the resulting forensic report in litigation against Countrywide’s Chief Executive Officer, Angelo Mozilo. A Florida court threw the Mozilo case out because Mr. Mozilo was not a resident of the state. Before an appeal by the Florida Attorney General was decided, the Mozilo case was dropped because Bank of America, which had acquired Countrywide as it neared financial collapse in 2008, settled a larger action with eleven states, including Florida, for approximately $8.4 billion. In doing so, Bank of America avoided prosecution for Countrywide’s alleged fraudulent conduct – inducing customers into taking out subprime mortgages and other risky, high-cost loans. The State of Florida’s share of that settlement was nearly $1 billion. This forensic report was used to develop key risk management lessons learned from Countrywide which was the largest generator of these risky, “no-doc” (no significant applicant qualifications) subprime mortgages and other high-cost loans which helped precipitate the 2008 financial crisis.
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Carrero, Justin, Anna Krzeminska, and Charmine E. J. Härtel. "The DXC technology work experience program: disability-inclusive recruitment and selection in action." Journal of Management & Organization 25, no. 04 (July 2019): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2019.23.
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AbstractWith the rapid advancement of innovative technology, coupled with IT being a core function in contemporary business, there has been an upward trend of multi-national companies (MNCs) reporting a skill deficit in areas such as data analytics and cybersecurity (Columbus, 2017. IBM predicts demand for data scientists will soar 28% By 2020. Forbes; NeSmith, 2018. The cybersecurity gap is an industry crisis. Forbes). In a recent survey with over 3,000 CIOs, 65% indicated their organizations were unable to maintain par with the progression of technology in areas such as data analytics and security due to a lack of adequate talent (Harvey Nash & KPMG, 2018. CIO survey 2018). Although, organizations have recently started to expand their talent pipeline following a neurological breakthrough: research as well as anecdotal evidence suggests adults with mild forms of autism display above-average intelligence, increased attention focus, and high visual–spatial abilities; a combination in high market demand for roles such as software testing, data analysis, cybersecurity, and engineering due to their uncanny ability with pattern recognition, information processing, analytics, and attention to detail.These auspicious developments come at the helm of an increasing rate of governments around the world implementing provisions to their labour regulations towards equitable hiring of people with disabilities (Myors et al., 2017. Perspectives from 22 countries on the legal environment for selection. Handbook of Employee Selection. 659–677. Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School of Business.). Some, such as France, Japan, Kenya, Korea, and Taiwan, have gone so far as to set quota targets (Myors et al., 2017. Perspectives from 22 countries on the legal environment for selection. Handbook of Employee Selection. 659–677. Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School of Business.). The implication for organizations is that they need to develop disability-inclusive recruitment and selection systems along with work designs and environments that are disability friendly. But what does this mean in practice? What does a disability-inclusive recruitment and selection system look like?Enter DXC Technology (DXC): born out of a merger between global conglomerate Computer Science Corporation and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, generating close to $25 billion annually in revenue, with clients across more than 70 countries, they strategically became a pioneer in the digital transformation that was taking place globally. In the wake of the breakthrough in employment diversity, DXC recognized this as an opportunity to gain a critical edge within the increasingly competitive talent pool market. First, design a program of their own for recruiting and selecting adults with high functioning autism. Next, through a collaboration with various universities including the University of Queensland and Macquarie University, Neurodiversity Hubs were established; an initiative designed to assist neurodivergent students with obtaining work experience and internships. In doing so, they faced the following key challenges: How could they design a recruitment and selection strategy for neurodivergent individuals that was equitable, ethical, and efficient? In particular, where could they find suitable neurodivergent candidates, what criteria should they use to select them, and how should they handle unsuccessful candidates to ensure beneficial outcomes for all stakeholders?
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Dvulit, Zoriana, Olha Melnyk, and M. Lazurko. "RESEARCH OF THE GLOBAL MARKET OF AUDIT SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF TODAY’S CHALLENGES." Journal of Lviv Polytechnic National University. Series of Economics and Management Issues 5, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/semi2021.02.022.
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Purpose. The purpose of the research is to define the size of the global audit market in 2020, define the revenue of the Big Four for 2014–2020 and predict the amount of income for 2021; to determine how the crisis caused by Covid-19 has affected on the activities of the Big Four companies; perform a SWOT analysis of the audit market in terms of Deloitte, EY, KPMG and PwC; identify trends in the field of audit in 2021, knowledge of which will allow the Big Four to maintain their market position. Design/methodology/approach. The study examines the hypothesis of the effectiveness of global trends in the global audit market, with their possible implementation in the activities of the Big Four companies. The methodological basis of this study are general scientific, theoretical and special research methods that allow analyze all phenomena and processes in the field of auditing in interdependence. To solve the tasks in this study the following methods has been used: statistical and economic analysis, synthesis, logical generalization, comparison, forecasting, SWOT analysis, graphical and expert method. Findings. The study examines the activities of the Big Four companies in the context of today’s challenges. The dynamics of changes in the revenues of the Big Four companies for 2015–2020 and forecasts the total income of the surveyed companies for 2021 have been showed at the study. The authors determined the share of revenues from auditing in the overall revenue structure of each of the companies and graphically presented the revenue structure of the Big Four companies for 2019–2020. The authors developed a SWOT-analysis, which describes the strengths and weaknesses of each of the companies, as well as opportunities and threats to the environment. The authors also summarized the main trends in the global audit market, which were formed as a result of the crisis caused by Covid-19. Practical implications. The research could be used to adapt the experience of large companies in the recommendations for Ukrainian companies in the field of audit. Originality/value. Considering current crisis situation around the world, the results of this study are valuable for international audit companies and for Ukrainian as well, as it shows the main trends in the field of auditing. As organizations experience difficult economic times due to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, audit firms will need to prioritize their resources and demonstrate their value effectively in line with these new expectations in 2021. Covering automation and digital technologies such as research analytics, automated control testing, robotic process automation, and continuous risk assessment, auditing can forget about repetitive manual tasks and free up time for more value-added activities. As long as the Covid-19 pandemic continues, the changes caused by the pandemic will be felt for a long time. The experience of auditors in the field of risk management will continue to grow, as all companies will adapt to this new rule. However, despite budget cuts, new audit processes, and custom work, auditors will continue to be reliable business consultants and help companies thrive even in the face of growing threats and an uncertain future.
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Grotenhuis, Frits D. J., and Mathieu P. Weggeman. "Knowledge management in international mergers." Knowledge and Process Management 9, no. 2 (2002): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.135.
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Abbas, Sardar Farhat, Sang-Hyun lee, Bin Lee, Bum-Sung Kim, and Taek-Soo Kim. "Trends and Implications of International Standardization for Rare Earths." Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute 25, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4150/kpmi.2018.25.2.165.
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Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri. "The Expulsion of KPM and its Impact on the Inter-island Shipping and Trade in Indonesia, 1957–1964." Itinerario 30, no. 2 (July 2006): 104–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s016511530001398x.
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Some historians think that the expulsion of the KPM (Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij/Royal Packet Company) from Indonesian waters in 1957 had a disastrous impact on the inter-island shipping and trade in this largest insular region in the world. It is assumed that the Indonesian people did not have the capacity to overcome such serious problems generated by the absence of KPM from their waters, as financial inadequacy in buying new ships to replace the KPM fleet, the non-existence of experience and managerial skill in operating a modern, big shipping company and the like. Considering how big the role of KPM in the Indonesian inter-island shipping was, it is also imagined that the expulsion of this company would be a precondition of economic stagnation in Indonesia, because there was no shipping which had adequate experience to take over the role of KPM. As Dick states ‘Suspension of KPM sailing in December 1957 was the end of an efficient inter-island shipping (in Indonesia)’.
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Lee, Mi Hye, Won Jung Choi, Seok-Jun Seo, and Bum Sung Kim. "Status of ITU-T International Standard Development on Rare Metal Recycling." Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute 23, no. 4 (August 30, 2016): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4150/kpmi.2016.23.4.325.
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Skok, Walter, and Junthima Vikiniyadhanee. "International management of taxi cab operations: a case study in Bangkok." Knowledge and Process Management 12, no. 2 (April 2005): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.224.
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Corallo, Angelo, Alessandro Margherita, Massimo Scalvenzi, and Davide Storelli. "Building a process-based organization: The design roadmap at Superjet International." Knowledge and Process Management 17, no. 2 (April 2010): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.340.
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Skok, Walter, and Satoko Kobayashi. "An international taxicab evaluation: comparing Tokyo with London, New York and Paris." Knowledge and Process Management 14, no. 2 (2007): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.274.
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Skok, Walter, and Juan Antonio Martinez. "An international taxi cab evaluation: Comparing Madrid with London, New York, and Paris." Knowledge and Process Management 17, no. 3 (July 2010): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.346.
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Capece, Guendalina, and Domenico Campisi. "Technological change and innovation behaviour in high level education: An international comparison between Italian and Portuguese samples." Knowledge and Process Management 18, no. 1 (January 25, 2011): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.362.
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Rinardi, Haryono, and Yety Rochwulaningsih. "Inter-islands Dynamic Economy: Colonial Policy on the Indonesian Ports Development for International and Domestic Shipping During Colonial Times." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 4, no. 1 (June 13, 2020): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v4i1.7899.
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As a capital-intensive transport technology linked to industrialized economies, ports become more essential economic infrastructure for developing periphery. Using the historical method, this article examines the relations between ports construction and the development of the voyages of the Indonesian archipelago, which was before called the Dutch East Indies. Based on the results, the port's construction caused by several factors. First, the colonial government wanted to reduce Singapore's role as an entre-port for the Dutch East Indies shipping activities, so that several ports been developed in the outer islands of Java. Second, ports development in outer islands became one of the Dutch economic expansions. Third, to relinquish reliance on foreign shipping companies, the colonial government then developed KPM and gave a monopoly right of shipping across the islands. Fourth, the utilization of modern ship engines in shipping led the growing up international voyages and had prompted the government to develop ports. Another interesting finding from this article is the relation between shipping and trade, the port constructions in various parts of the Dutch East Indies has encouraged trading networks developed in the area.
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Anggarwati, Desi, and Idah Zuhroh. "Analisis Faktor Penentu Pembiayaan Bank Syariah Di Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 5, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v5i3.16319.
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This study aims to analyze the determinants of financing in Islamic banking in Indonesia. The independent variables in the study are Third Party Funds (DPK), Return on Assets (ROA), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Minimum Capital Adequacy Requirement (KPMM), Non-Performing Financing (NPF_Gross), Against Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. . The population used in this study were all Indonesian Islamic banking for the 2010-2020 period, namely 14 banks. The sample of this research is using 8 Islamic banking. With the sampling method, namely purposive sampling. The results of this study are that the third-party funds (DPK) have a positive and significant effect on Islamic bank financing. Return on Asset (ROA) has a negative and significant effect on Islamic bank financing. Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) has a positive and significant effect on Islamic bank financing. Minimum Capital Adequacy Requirement (KPMM) has a positive and insignificant effect on Islamic bank financing. Non-performing financing (NPF_Gross) has a negative and significant effect on Islamic bank financing.
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Anggarwati, Desi, and Idah Zuhroh. "Analisis Faktor Penentu Pembiayaan Bank Syariah Di Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 5, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v5i3.16319.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the determinants of financing in Islamic banking in Indonesia. The independent variables in the study are Third Party Funds (DPK), Return on Assets (ROA), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Minimum Capital Adequacy Requirement (KPMM), Non-Performing Financing (NPF_Gross), Against Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. . The population used in this study were all Indonesian Islamic banking for the 2010-2020 period, namely 14 banks. The sample of this research is using 8 Islamic banking. With the sampling method, namely purposive sampling. The results of this study are that the third-party funds (DPK) have a positive and significant effect on Islamic bank financing. Return on Asset (ROA) has a negative and significant effect on Islamic bank financing. Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) has a positive and significant effect on Islamic bank financing. Minimum Capital Adequacy Requirement (KPMM) has a positive and insignificant effect on Islamic bank financing. Non-performing financing (NPF_Gross) has a negative and significant effect on Islamic bank financing.
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Lis, Edyta. "Środki solidarnościowe w świetle artykułów Komisji Prawa Międzynarodowego o odpowiedzialności państwa za akty sprzeczne z prawem międzynarodowym." Studia Prawnicze / The Legal Studies, no. 4 (196) (December 31, 2013): 5–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37232/sp.2013.7.1.
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W 2001 roku Komisja Prawa Międzynarodowego, po trwających prawie pół wieku pracach, przyjęła projekt dotyczący odpowiedzialności państwa za akty sprzeczne z prawem międzynarodowym. Zarówno koncepcja środków solidarnościowych oraz problematyka podmiotów uprawnionych do stosowania takich środków stanowiły jedną z najbardziej dyskusyjnych kwestii. Ostateczna wersja Artykułów nie pozwala, w sposób nie budzący żadnych wątpliwości, na określenie tych podmiotów. Artykuł 54 ogranicza prawo państwa, uprawnionego na podstawie art. 48, do stosowania środków zgodnych z prawem, a nie środków solidarnościowych. W komentarzu KPM stwierdziła, iż praktyka państw dotycząca stosowania środków solidarnościowych jest ograniczona i nieukształtowana. W artykule dokonano analizy prac KPM odnośnie do koncepcji środków solidarnościowych stosowanych w odpowiedzi na naruszenie interesu społeczności międzynarodowej jako całości. Środki te w zdecentralizowanym systemie prawa międzynarodowego pozbawionym, jak to określił W. Riphagen, „policjanta społeczności międzynarodowej”, mogą stanowić swoistego rodzaju gwarancję egzekwowania prawa międzynarodowego w przypadku poważnych naruszeń tego prawa. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie procesu kształtowania się uregulowań dotyczących środków solidarnościowych stosowanych w odpowiedzi na naruszenia fundamentalnego interesu społeczności międzynarodowej. In 2001 the International Law Commission (ILC) successfully completed its work on the topic of state responsibility for internationally wrongful acts. This study presents an analysis which focuses on the ILC work on the issue of collective countermeasures taken in response of breach of an obligation owed to the international community as a whole. That conception was one of the most sensitive area in its work on state responsibility. Furthermore, ILC raises fundamental question about subject entitled to take such measures. Unfortunately the adoption of this Articles has been far from the answer to that question. Article 54 limits the right of the state entitled under article 48 to use lawful measures rather than countermeasures. ILC in its commentary stated that state practice on this subject is limited and embryonic. However, ILC mentioned a few examples in which the state, other than the injured, responds to the breach of the obligations for the protection of the general interest. The purpose of this analysis is to show the process of emergence of regulations concerning the question of solidarity measures taken in reaction to serious violation of fundamental international community interest. The concept of collective countermeasures, in a decentralized international legal system which lacks, as W. Riphagen said, “policeman of the international community”, fills a legal gap and is a guarantee of enforcement of international law in case of violation of fundamental international community interest.
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Gangurde, Sanjaykumar R., and Amol A. Chavan. "Benchmarking of purchasing practices using Kraljic approach." Benchmarking: An International Journal 23, no. 7 (October 3, 2016): 1751–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-01-2015-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reduce impact on profit and supply risk, for strategic part by defining appropriate purchasing strategies using Kraljic portfolio model (KPM) approach. Design/methodology/approach A five-step approach of KPM is used to identify strategic parts. The attributes affecting impact on profit and supply risk are then identified. A structured questionnaire is prepared for each attribute. Likert scale having weights from 1 to 5 is used to select method of measurement for each response. The overall score of attributes for dimensions “supply risk” and “impact on profit” interpret the position of the part, i.e., “strategic part,” “leverage part,” “bottleneck part” or “non-critical part” in the Kraljic matrix. The part having highest impact on profit and supply risk is to be considered as strategic part for defining the purchasing strategies. Findings This paper outlines a practical solution to the problem of designing/defining purchasing strategies for development of supplier. Impact on profit is reduced by cost reduction and quality improvement whereas supply risk reduced by improving delivery time and suppliers profile. Research limitations/implications The proposed methodology is applied to a boiler industry to identify the strategic parts and focus on strategic suppliers, which are fewer in number but having larger impact on profit and supply risk. The “Body” part of ball valve assembly of the boiler is considered for the study. However, it can be extended for selecting and evaluating of suppliers strategy for other parts of the boiler. Not only boiler industry sector but also other companies also benefit from the results of this study by implementing the purchasing strategies as formulated in the KPM. Originality/value The Kraljic matrix has been largely used in many different industries like automobile, manufacturing, construction, oil and gas, etc., as an efficient tool for developing differentiated purchasing strategies. However, its application on parts procured by boiler industry is unknown, as well as the lack of systematical approach on criteria prioritization which is one of the key issues of the methodology. This work explores the output usefulness and its applicability on ball valve assembly projects.
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KAMIŃSKI, Tomasz. "TREATY CAPACITY OF THE DEPENDENT STATES IN THE LIGHT OF THE WORK OF THE UN COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL LAW." National Security Studies 12, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/sbn/129865.
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Przedłożony artykuł dotyczy kwestii zdolności traktatowej państw zależnych, która była rozpatrywana w toku prac Komisji Prawa Międzynarodowego ONZ (KPM ONZ) dotyczących projektu konwencji o prawie traktatów. I choć współcześnie termin ten nie przystaje do społeczności międzynarodowej składającej się z państw suwerennych, to w czasach kiedy trwały prace przygotowawcze KPM ONZ, które rozpoczęły się w 1949 r. i trwały przez kolejne siedemnaście lat, pojęcie państw zależnych było powszechnie stosowane. Cóż, przynajmniej było tak na początku tego procesu. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia zmiany regulacji dotyczącej zdolności traktatowej państw zależnych zawarte w projektach opracowywanych przez czterech kolejnych Sprawozdawców Komisji, którym powierzono zadanie przygotowania projektu konwencji o prawie traktatów. Kwestia ta była o tyle ważna, że niekiedy państwa zależne posiadały zdolność do samodzielnego zawierania traktatów, niezależnie od zdolności traktatowej państwa odpowiedzialnego za prowadzenie ich spraw zagranicznych. Omawiane zagadnienie wydaje się szczególnie interesujące w zestawieniu z postępującym w owych czasach procesem dekolonizacji, wspartym między innymi deklaracją Zgromadzenia Ogólnego Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych z 1960 r. o przyznaniu niezależności państwom i narodom kolonialnym (rezolucja 1514). Od tego czasu współistnienie równych i suwerennych państw (w tym powstałych w wyniku dekolonizacji) stanowi podstawę utrzymania pokoju i bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego pod nadzorem Rady Bezpieczeństwa ONZ. Pojęcie „państwa zależnego” musiało więc zostać ostatecznie odrzucone w projektach prac ILC. Komisja uznała, że państwa muszą legitymować się suwerennością i jako takie posiadają zdolność traktatową. Rozwiązanie to zostało następnie podtrzymane w lakonicznie ujętej dyspozycji art. 6 konwencji wiedeńskiej o prawie traktatów z 1969 r. (KPT), zgodnie z którym każde państwo ma zdolność do zawierania traktatów. Według KPT termin „państwo” w rozumieniu tej konwencji ma takie samo znaczenie, jak m.in. w Karcie Narodów Zjednoczonych, tj. jako państwo w rozumieniu prawa międzynarodowego, bądź też jako państwo w międzynarodowym znaczeniu tego pojęcia.
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KAMIŃSKI, Tomasz. "SCANNING AND OTHER NON-INVASIVE MEASURES OF DIPLOMATIC POST CONTROL IN THE LIGHT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW." National Security Studies 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2011): 385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/sbn/129741.
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Artykuł próbuje udzielić odpowiedzi na pytanie o dopuszczalność nieinwazyjnej kontroli poczty dyplomatycznej w świetle prawa międzynarodowego. Prawo dyplomatyczne i konsularne zostało skodyfikowane w czterech konwencjach zawartych w ramach ONZ. Każdy z tych dokumentów zawiera postanowienia określające status poczty dyplomatycznej lub konsularnej i środków ich przenoszenia. Zwrócona zostaje również uwaga na jeszcze jeden ważny dokument przygotowany przez Komisję Prawa Międzynarodowego ONZ, a mianowicie na projekt z 1989 roku dotyczący statusu kuriera dyplomatycznego i poczty dyplomatycznej przesyłanej bez udziału kuriera. Jednak dokument ten dotychczas nie przybrał i prawdopodobnie już nie przybierze formy umowy międzynarodowej. Autor stara się wykazać, że formuła przyjęta w konwencji wiedeńskiej z 1961 roku nie wyklucza stosowania nieinwazyjnych środków kontroli poczty dyplomatycznej. Wskazuje również na kontrowersyjny charakter art. 28 projektu KPM ONZ będący jednym z głównych powodów, dla których dokument ten nie wyszedł poza stadium projektu umowy międzynarodowej.
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Wensley, Anthony. "Reviews ofThe Social Life of Information ;Successful Proposal Strategies for Small Business: Using Knowledge Management to Win Government, Private Sector and International Contracts ;Building a Project-driven Enterprise." Knowledge and Process Management 9, no. 4 (2002): 264–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.157.
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