Journal articles on the topic 'Korman IV Site (Ukraine)'

Near the village of Korman’ (Sokyryany district, Chernivtsi region, Ukraine) several Palaeolithic sites are known. In the 1960s and 70s, O. P. Chernysh conducted archaeological studies of the site Korman’ IV. In 2012 the new Palaeolithic site named as Korman’ 9 was discovered by the Dniester Palaeolithic expedition of the IA NASU. A preliminary fieldwork season was conducted in 2013. The main research focused on the chronostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental study of the site. In the approximately 4 metres thick Quaternary deposits (dating to the late Pleniglacial), three Upper Paleolithic levels were observed. The main raw materials used by late Pelistocene humans were local Turonian and Cenomanian flint. The faunal remains in all levels are dominated by reindeer. In level I two fireplaces were recorded. One about 1 m in diameter has a layer of burnt loess at its bottom with a thickness of about 10 cm. The collection of 932 lithic artifacts comprises cores, tools, blanks, chips, and chunks. The primary knapping is characterized by parallel uni- and bi-directional blade, bladelet and microblade production. The tools (n = 92) are dominated by backed bladelets / microblades (n = 69). There is a single endscraper, and the few burins are represented by dihedral burins (n = 2), one bruin on a a break and one on a truncation. Other tools represented are bilaterally retouched points, borer, combination tool and retouched pieces. Additionally, in level I, the following personal ornaments were found: one pendant of amber, one pendant of fox tooth, one pendant of a perforated shell and three shell beads. Level II. A collection of 20 flint artifacts is presented exclusively by the products of primary flaking. In level III, a small number of flint artifacts (n = 67) were recovered, including two cores, one endscraper, and three retouched pieces. The lithic industry of level I, according to the technical-typological characteristic and chronostratigraphic position, can be attributed to the Epi-Gravettian technocomplex. It is possible, that the collection of level II also belongs to the same technocomplex, but due to the small number of finds, the authors refrain from concrete conclusions. Collection of level III on the base of morphological features can be attributed to the Gravettian technocomplex and is currently undated.

Long-term interdisciplinary studies of the multilayer Paleolithic sites in the Middle Dniester (1950—1970s: O. Chernysh, I. Ivanova) allowed creating a cultural-chronological scheme for the development of a local Gravettian technocomplex. The key sites of these investigations are the Molodovo V and Korman IV Paleolithic sites, where the Gravettian levels belong to the chronological period from 28000—29000 to 22000—19000 years ago. Based on the data of archeology and stratigraphy of these and other sites, the Gravettian industries of the Dniester valley were subdivided into five stages (M. Otte, P. Noiret, V. Chirica, I. Borziak). At the same time, one of the earliest Gravettian sites of this region, Mezhigirtsy, which was investigated in the 1970—1980s, is often ignored in the periodization of the local Gravettian, or mistakenly refers to a later period. Previously, the lithic industry of the site was assigned to the third stage of the Dniester Gravettian. The collection of Mezhigirtsy I site is characterized by the production of wide blades (3—5 cm in width / up to 15 cm long) from unidirectional and bi-directional volumetric cores by a soft hammer. The predominance of massive dihedral burins, burins on a break, burins on truncation above the end scrapers. A typological set is characterized by backed tools as Gravettian points, «Rgani» knives, backed bladelets, micro-Gravettian points, microsaws. At the same time, there are no shouldered points. Additionally, one of the characteristic features of the inventory is the presence of bifacial leaf-shaped points. The technical-typological data and the dating of the site (28—27 kyr) allow us to confidently attribute the industry to the earlier stage (second stage) of the «Middle Dniester» or to the early stage of the formation of the «Molodovo culture». At the same time, the industry has certain features of the so-called Pavlovian culture of eastern Gravettian.

The aim of this work was to define the features of the age structure of the silver birch stands in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe considering forest site conditions, origin, site index and proportion of this species in the forest composition. Survival of silver birch in almost all age classes was the lowest in the relatively poor forest site conditions. The mean weighted age classes of silver birch are IV.8 in vegetative stands and IV.6 – in artificial seed stands. For all origins, the mean weighted age classes are V.1 for Sumy Region and IV.6 – for Kharkiv and Poltava Regions. The stands of the lower productivity have the least longevity. Survival of pure and almost pure stands (silver birch make 90 % of all the trees) is the lowest. At that, it is the highest in Sumy Region.

BACKGROUND: Despite open-access sources with information about cancer patients (National Cancer Registry of Ukraine), there are considerable gaps about actual diagnostic methods and specific treatment patterns or any details on how different regimens are applied for melanoma treatment in Ukraine. OBJECTIVES: This non-interventional, multicenter, retrospective medical chart review study aims to describe real-world therapeutic strategies and characterize the profile of patients with melanoma Stage III–IV in real-life clinical practice in Ukraine. METHODS: Anonymized data were collected from medical records of 747 patients in 9 oncology centers in Ukraine - four private and five public. The data variables were retrieved, captured in electronic case report forms, and analyzed with descriptive statistical methods. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Subjects were not enrolled unless they met all the following criteria: (1) Age >18 years at the time of being diagnosed with III–IV stage melanoma. (2) Morphologically (including cytology) confirmed diagnosis of III–IV stage melanoma. Sufficient available medical records for data abstraction to meet the objectives of the study, that is, the patient has been under the medical care of the participating site for the entirety of the patient observation period or the patient’s detailed historical data on their disease course, and clinical management are otherwise available at the participating site consent has been granted by the Institutional Review Board/Ethical Committee of the study site. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Subjects were not enrolled if they met any of the following criteria: (1) The patient has received treatment with anticancer systemic therapy for reasons other than melanoma. (2) Primary cancer other than melanoma. (3) The patient is participating (or was participating) in any investigational program/clinical trial with interventions outside of routine clinical practice. All the statistical tests were two sided and performed at a 0.05 significance level. p-values were rounded to three decimal places. p < 0.001 were reported as <0.001 in tables. RESULTS: Most melanoma cases (95.05%) were diagnosed histologically, although information about the primary tumor’s characteristics and treatment are heterogeneous. Most individuals (51.05%) diagnosed with Stage III undergo surgical treatment without additional therapy. Chemotherapy constitutes the primary form of systemic therapy for Stages III and IV, accounting for 33.3% and 45.65%, respectively. CONCLUSION: It is crucial to tackle the problems associated with diagnosing and treating melanoma in Ukraine. This involves creating a unified registry for melanoma patients, establishing uniform methods for staging and re-staging, and standardizing medical records. Nevertheless, the most critical issue is the absence of access to modern therapy, which should be addressed at the state level.

Ключові слова: скіфи, курган, Красногірка, катакомба, поховальний обряд, кінська вузда. Анотація Стаття присвячена аналізу матеріалів з розкопок кургану біля с. Красногірка на Кіровоградщині. Пам’ятка була розкопана у 1983 р. археологічною експедицією Кіровоградського державного педагогічного інституту (тепер Центральноукраїнський державний педагогічний університет імені Володимира Винниченка) під керівництвом Н.М. Бокій. У статті здійснена спроба розглянути матеріали пам’ятки у контексті інших старожитностей скіфського часу. Під насипом знаходилось поховання, здійснене у катакомбі степового типу. Вона належить до катакомб, у яких довгі стінки камери та вхідної ями були розташовані на одній осі. Подібні споруди використовувались у Північному Причорномор’ї протягом IV ст. до н. е. Встановлено, що поховання було майже вщент пограбоване у давнину. Кістяк похованого також був повністю поруйнований грабіжниками. В могилі знайдені лише рештки кісток та фрагмент бронзового наконечника від стріли. На сходах, що вели до катакомби розчищені рештки дерев’яного підносу із жертовною їжею та залізний підток від списа. У насипу виявлені елементи кінської вузди та стінки античних амфор. Віднайдені автором публікації аналогії дозволили датувати пам’ятку IV ст. до н. е. Курган біля Красногірки належить до групи пам’яток басейну Синюхи. Тривалий час дослідники пов’язують цей регіон з північним кордоном розселення скіфів на Правобережжі. Аналіз предметів матеріальної культури та поховального обряду вказує, що курган біля Красногірки був споруджений над похованням кочовика. Тип поховальної споруди, залишки озброєння та жертвоприношень дозволяють припустити, що власник гробниці належав до представників військової аристократії. Посилання Alekseev i dr., 1991. – Alekseev A.Yu., Murzin V.Yu., Rolle R. Chertomlyk (Skifskij czarskij kurgan IV v. do n. e.). [Russian: Chertomlyk (Scythian royal barrow of the 4th century BC)] K., 1991. 416 s. [in Russian]. Bobrinskoj, 1901. – Bobrinskoj A.A. Kurgany i sluchajnye naxodki bliz mestechka Smely. [Russian: Barrows and accidental finds near the town of Smela] SPb, 1901. T ІІІ. 171 s. [in Russian]. Bokij, 1974. – Bokij N.M. Skifskij kurgan u sela Mederovo // Sovetskaya arxeologiya. [Russian: Scythian barrow near Mederovo // Soviet archeology]. 1974. № 4. S. 264–271. [in Russian]. Bokii, 2001. – Bokii N.M. Davni problemy istorii skifiv Dniprovskoho Pravoberezhzhia // Naukovi zapysky z istorii Ukrainy. Vypusk 8. [Ukraine: Ancient problems of the history of the Scythians of the Dnieper Right Bank // Scientific notes on the history of Ukraine]. K., 2001. S. 3–9. [in Ukrainian]. Bokii, 1994. – Bokii N.M. Skifski pam’iatky baseinu r. Syniukhy // Naukovi zapysky z istorii Ukrainy. [Ukraine: Scythian sites of the Sinyukha river basin // Scientific notes on the history of Ukraine]. Kirovohrad, 1994. S. 107-114. [in Ukrainian]. Bokii, 1983. – Bokii N. Strila zi skifskoho kurhana // Kirovohradska pravda. [Ukraine: Arrow from Scythian barrow // Kirovograd truth]. № 250 (zo zhovtnia 1983 r.). S. 3. [in Ukrainian]. Bokii ta in., 2013. – Вokii N.M., Mohylov O.D., Panchenko K.I. Kolektyvne pokhovannia skifskoho chasu v Lisostepovomu Pravoberezhnomu Podniprov’I // Arkheolohiia ta fortyfikatsiia Serednoho Podnistrov’ia. Zbirnyk materialiv III Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii [Ukraine: Collective burial of Scythian time in the Forest-Steppe Right-Bank Dnieper // Archeology and fortification of Middle Transnistria. Proceedings of the III All-Ukrainian scientific-practical conference]. Kamianets-Podilskyi, 2013. S. 17–24 [in Ukrainian]. Galanina, 1977. – Galanina L.K. Skifskie drevnosti Podneprovya (Ermitazhnaya kollekcziya N.E. Brandenburga). Svod arheologicheskix istochnikov. Vyp. D 1-33. [Russian: Scythian antiquities of the Dnieper region (Hermitage collection of N.E. Brandenburg) // A set of archaeological sources.] M, 1977. 68 s. [in Russian]. Ilinskaya, 1968. – Ilinskaya V.A. Skify Dneprovskogo Lesostepnogo Levoberezhya. [Russian: Scythians of the Dnieper Forest-Steppe Left Bank] K., 1968. 267 s. [in Russian]. Ilinskaya, 1973. – Ilinskaya V.A. Skifskaya uzda IV v. do n. e. // Skifskie drevnosti. [Russian: Scythian bridle IV centures BC // Scythian antiquities] K., 1973. S. 42–63. [in Russian]. Ilinskaya, Terenozhkin, 1983. – Ilinskaya V.A., Terenozhkin A.I. Skifiya VII–IV vv. do n. e. [Russian: Scythia VII–IV centuries BC] K., 1983. 380 s. [in Russian]. Kovpanenko i dr., 1989. – Kovpanenko G.T., Bessonova S.S., Skoryj S.A. Pamyatniki skifskoj epoxi Dneprovskogo Lesostepnogo Pravoberezhya (Kievo-Cherkasskij region). [Russian: The sites of the Scythian period of the Dnipro Right Bank Forest-Steppe (Kyiv-Cherkasy region)] K., 1989. 333 s. [in Russian]. Kozyr ta in., 2019. – Kozyr I.A., Chornyy O.V., Panchenko K.I. Vasyns’kyy kurhan seredn’oskifs’koho chasu // Arkheolohiya i davnya istoriya Ukrayiny [Ukraine: Vasynskiy barrow of the Middle Scythian time // Archeology and ancient history of Ukraine]. Vyp. 2. K., 2019. S. 300–314 [in Ukrainian]. Kubishev i dr., 2009. – Kubishev A.I., Bessonova S.S., Kovalov S.S. Bratolyubovskij kurgan. [Russian: Bratolyubovsky barrow] K., 2009. 192 s. [in Russian]. Liberov, 1965. – Liberov P.D. Pamyatniki skifskogo vremeni na Srednem Donu. Svod arxeologicheskix istochnikov. D 1-31. [Russian: antiquities of the Scythian time in the Middle Don // A set of archaeological sources] M, 1965. 112 s. [in Russian]. Melyukova, 1964. – Melyukova A.I. Vooruzhenie skifov. Svod arheologicheskih istochnikov. D 1-4. [Russian: Armament of the Scythians // A set of archaeological sources]. M, 1964. 91 s. [in Russian]. Mohylov, Didenko, 2009. – Mohylov O.D., Didenko S.V. Skifskyi kurhan 448 bilia s. Zhuravka – pam’iatka perekhidnoho chasu v Potiasmynni // Arkheolohiia. [Ukraine: Scythian barrow 448 near Zhuravka – a site of transition time in Potyasminna // Archeology] 2009. № 3. S. 45-55. [in Ukrainian]. Mohylov, 2008. – Mohylov O.D. Sporiadzhennia konia skifskoi doby u Lisostepu Skhidnoi Yevropy. [Ukraine: Equipment of a Scythian horse in the Forest-Steppe of Eastern Europe]. Kyiv, Kam’ianets-Podilskyi, 2008. 439 s. [in Ukrainian]. Mozolevskyi, 1979. – Mozolevskyi B.M. Tovsta mohyla. [Ukraine: Tovsta barrow]. K., 1979. 252 s. [in Ukrainian]. Olhovskij, 1991. – Olhovskij V.S. Pogrebal’no-pominal’naya obryadnost’ naseleniya stepnoj Skifii (VII–III vv. do n. e.). [Russian: Funeral and memorial rites of the population of steppe Scythia (VII–III centuries BC)] M., 1991. 253 s. [in Russian]. Panchenko, 2015. – Panchenko K.I. Skifskyi kurhan bilia s. Krasnohirka na Kirovohradshchyni // Naukovi zapysky. Seriia: Istorychni nauky. Vyp. 22. [Ukraine: Scythian barrow Krasnohirka in the Kirovograd region // Scientific notes. Series: Historical Sciences. Issue 22]. Kirovohrad, 2015. S. 8–12. [in Ukrainian]. Petrenko, 1961. – Petrenko V.G. Kul’tura plemen pravoberezhnego srednego Pridneprov’ya v IV–III vv. do n. e. Materialy po arxeologii SSSR. [Russian: The culture of the tribes of the right-bank middle Dnieper region in the IV–III centuries. BC // Materials on archeology of the USSR] M., 1961. № 96. S. 51–102. [in Russian]. Petrenko, 1967. – Petrenko V.G. Pravoberezh’e Srednego Pridneprov’ya v V-III vv. do n. e. Svod arheologicheskih istochnikov. Vyp. D 1-4. [Russian: The Right bank of the Middle Dnieper region in the V–III centuries BC // A set of archaeological sources] M, 1967. 180 s. [in Russian]. Skoryj, 2003. – Skoryj S.A. Skify v Dneprovskoj Pravoberezhnoj Lesostepi. [Russian: Scythians in the Dnieper Right-Bank Forest-Steppe] K., 2003. 161 s. [in Russian]. Terenozhkin, Mozolevskij, 1988. – Terenozhkin A.I., Mozolevskij B.N. Melitopol’skij kurgan. [Russian: Melitopol barrow] K., 1988. 264 s. [in Russian]. Fialko, 1994. – Fialko E.E. Pamyatniki skifskoj epohi Pridneprovskoj terassovoj Lesostepi. [Russian: Monuments of the Scythian era of the Dnieper terrace forest-steppe.] K., 1994. 53 s. [in Russian].

<p>Here the sylvicultural and ecological analysis of typological structure of plantings silver and black poplar are presented for the riverine habitats of the Psel, Sula and Vorskla (the middle reaches of Seversky Donets river). Our analysis was based on forestry management electronic databases of Ukrainian National Forest Project Enterprise.</p><p>More than 38 forest types on the area of 4.9 thousand hectares were examined. The biological features of silver and black poplar were described briefly. The silver and black poplar reproduction pattern of the Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine was also examined. There was carried out the area allocation of tree species according the following points: forest type and origin, forest site quality, closure degree and age groups. By the tree stratum origin silver and black poplar are mostly artificially propagated, what is equivalent to 77.3 and 88.3 percent.</p><p>The silver and black poplar area around the rivers’ watershed of the Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine occupies 2813 and 2173 ha consequently.</p><p>Among forest types on research subject there are some forest types which dominate: fresh quercetum fluvialis (25.0 %), wet quercetum fluvialis (17.4 %), wet quercetum-birchbark-maple fluvialis (16.3 %), wet lime tree-oak-pine tree sudubrava (11.4 %), fresh lime tree, oak, pine tree sudubrava (5.2 %), the rest of tree types represents less than 4.0 % of the total land area, covered with sylva. The silver and black poplar plantings’ distribution according to the site quality of forest on the rivers’ columbine of the Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine can be described in the following way: II and IV classes of the site quality of forest prevail, and the medium stocked tree stratum fluctuates from 52.9 to 87.8 per cent according to the normality.</p>

The article is devoted to the implementation of the management of the Nature reserve fund of Ukraine (NRF) territories without a special administration. Management of such territories involves non-state management of it through the landowner or land user. This approach is new for the NRF, although it is сommon in the global nature conservation practice, in particular, it is one of the key approaches of the Natura 2000 network and the Emerald network. The actual area of ​​protected areas without special administration is almost 29% of the area of ​​the NRF, so the issue of their reasonable management is one of the key issues for the entire protected network. The approach to the management of such territories is outlined in the article by landscape reserve (“zakasnyk”) of national importance “Kozinskyi” case study. In particular, areas of priority activities have been allocated, which is essentially similar to zoning in national natural parks, but implemented within the limits of the national legislation provided specifically for “zakaznyk” (national protected area category which is equal to IUCN protected area categories IV or V). Three types of areas have been identified; (1) nature protection; (2) ecological; (3) educational and recreational. The second important feature of the approach presented in the article is the planning and implementation of protected area management measures through the public organization (“Green Wave”), which essentially plays the role of a land user. Practical management measures were outlined in the “Program of Development and Recreational Activities of the Landscape Reserve of National Importance “Kozynskyi” with a Plan for Arrangement of the Reserve Site at the Location of the Golf Course.”

Nowadays, the archaeological excavations conducted on the three hillforts — two of them are situated near Vorgol village and one of them near Shiryaevo, at Putyvl’s am Seym region. Vorgol hillfort was explored by D. T. Berezovets. The fortified settlements are located on the surrounding capes of the high right riverside of the Kleven. About 300 square meters were investigated and conducted the transverse section of a shaft on the Eastern hillfort, in 1949. The researcher was a specialist of antiquities of the Slavic-Rus period, and therefore the materials of Scythian time were beyond his control. There are only clay sparrows of Early Iron Age, in the collection, which is partially stored in the funds of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. D. T. Berezovets conducted excavations on the Shiryaevo hillfort, in 1948—1949. Unfortunately, the results of that works have not been published, and some information of that excavations are published in this article for the first time. The researches on the hillfort was continued by V. A. Ilyinskaya, in 1950. This archaeology site is dated VI—IV centuries BC. The results of archaeological researches were publicated on the «Archeology» journal. It was not possible to cover all the material at that time, regarding to objective reasons. At least the two horizons were extract on the Shiryaevo hillfort, as result of analysis of the collection of excavations in 1949—1950. The first, oldest of them, is dated VI, maybe the beginning of V century BC. The second, according to the material, is dated the second half of the V—IV centuries BC. The total investigated area, during the years 1948—1950, is about 300 square meters.

Housing and communal services in Kyiv have more than 10,000 multi-storey houses, and in Ky-iv region, there are more than 5,000. Reducing energy consumption for housing, heat and water supply, and lighting services should be considered as reducing energy costs. The trouble-free operation of the equipment is of the utmost importance. Its resource on many utilities has a minimum margin of safety. Centralized analysis of the equipment control, accounting of motor resources and, accordingly, timely preventive work allow extending the service life of many components of engineering systems in the utility sector, transport, and industry. These problems are solved by distributed systems of automated control of engineering equipment, including control systems of the hot water supply scheme for modern new buildings. In modern new buildings, there is used a scheme of hot water supply (HWS) with two circulating pumps and the HWS regulator. The control cabinet, developed in the IMMSP of the NAS of Ukraine, is made on the basis of the MRTP-7 controller with the corresponding software consisting of gen-eral and special purpose programs. The article considers the principles of building a control sys-tem for hot water supply, considers the software functions of the system, presents a mathemati-cal model of the HWS system, describes a laboratory test site for testing algorithms for HWP control and modeling the HWS control process. The scientific and technical solutions provided in the article can be used in the development of automated control systems for engineering equipment in the utility sector.

Summary. Among the cities of Ukraine, in terms of population and parametric characteristics of man-made impact on urban ecosystems, the city of Rivne stands out. Excesses of various mutagens are regularly recorded in its atmospheric air. In view of this, there is a need to control the processes of air pollution in the city, study the nature of mutagenic substances, prevent the growth of man-made pollution, and find means and methods to protect living organisms from mutagenic effects. The aim of the study – to conduct a bioindication of the urban ecosystem of Rivne on the indicators of cytogenetic monitoring. Materials and Methods. To assess the environmental situation against the general mutagenic background, we used a rapid screening method – micronucleus test (MN test). To detect cells with micronuclei, smears were taken from the oral mucosa of 167 preschool children (6–7 years old) living on 12 test sites. Sampling was performed under sterile conditions, from the right, left cheek and lower lip. Analysis of the prepared cells was performed using a microscope. 64950 epithelial cells of the mucous membrane were studied. Results. According to ecological maps, the territory of the city, which is within III, IV, IX, X, and XII test sites, has a "low" level of genetic damage, which determines the "reference" ecological situation on a mutagenic background. Such characteristics allow us to assess the state of the urban ecosystem in this area of ​​the city as "favorable". However, the analysis of the situation on some test sites allows us to note that the northeastern (III and IV test sites) and the south-eastern (XII test site) parts of the city have slightly higher rates of genetic damage compared to the south-western (IX and X test sites) part. The rest of the test sites have a "below average" level of genetic damage, which causes a "satisfactory" environmental situation with a mutagenic background and an "alarming" state of the urban ecosystem. At the same time, the highest values ​​of the MN test of epitheliocytes of preschool children are characteristic of the north-western (I test site) and south-eastern. The obtained dependence and high coefficient of determination (0.35) indicate a significant relationship between the MN index and pollen sterility of indicator plants, which were performed on similar 12 test sites. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the vulnerability of pollen grains of bioindicator plants was significantly higher (in terms of damage) compared to the MN index, which is explained by the higher resistance to environmental factors of children compared to pollen grains of indicator plants. Conclusions. Analysis of research results indicates that the urban ecosystem of Rivne is at a level "below ave­rage" of genetic damage, "alarming" in the state of the biosystem, and "satisfactory" in the mutagenic background

The article offers results of preliminary archaeological investigations, conducted by Scientific Research Center «Rescue Archaeological Service» (Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) in 2007 and 2017, prior to the construction project of the bypass road around Berezhany town in Ternopil region. It provides information concerning the newly discovered archeological sites as well as the elaboration of the obtainable data on formerly revealed sites in the surroundings of villages Lisnyky, Lapshyn, Hayok and Hlynovychi. According to archival and bibliographic data, archaeological surveys were previously conducted in 2006 by the expeditions of Mykhailo Filipchuk and Mykola Bandrivsky nearby villages Lapshyn and Hynovychi. However, the summaries of these surveys are insufficiently published and besides presenting the incoherent results, which cause some confusion in the number of sites. In 2007, expedition of Rescue Archaeological Service has re-examined the multi-layered settlement Hynovychi I, collecting the items from the Late Paleolithic to the Early Iron Age. Subsequent rescue archeological excavations were carried out in 2008 by the expedition led by Bohdan Salo. Ancient Rus settlement Hlynovychi III was discovered adjacent to the previous site. Around the village Lapshyn, additional archeological sites were discovered, namely Lapshyn III, IV, V, and VI, which behold several phases of the region’s inhabitants starting from the Paleolithic and until the Age of Principalities. Materials of Vysotsko and Chernyakhiv cultures are predominant on these sites. Four groups of barrows were located on the forested hills near village Lisnyky, named therefore Lisnyky I, II, III, and IV. They contain a total of 20 barrows, which could be dated to the Bronze Age. Altogether, the explorations of 2007 and 2017 has newly discovered or identified ten archaeological sites, including settlements and burrow necropolises. Seven previously known settlement were localized due to the updated information. As a result, the archeological map of the region was significantly supplemented, with the names and numbers of archaeological sites well-coordinated. Some of the ancient settlements and the barrow groups are located along the route of future bypass road, thus making it necessary to conduct preventive archaeological excavations. The results of intended studies will definitely clarify cultural and chronological identity of these sites. Key words: archeological surveys, preventive archeological studies, assessments of the impact on the archeological heritage, bypass road around Berezhany town, settlement, barrow group, Paleolithic, Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, Late Antiquity, Vysotsko culture, Chernyakhiv culture, Age of Principalities.

Treatment options for cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs) may include radiosurgery, endovascular embolization, microsurgical removal, or a combination thereof. However, treatment of high-grade (Spetzler–Martin grades IV and V) cAVMs remains extremely challenging when aiming complete occlusion. The aim. To study the safety of the endovascular embolization in patients with high-grade cAVMs and its impact on the quality of life (QoL). Materials and methods. Between 2012 and 2022, 174 patients with cAVMs were endovascularly treated at Research and Practical Center for Endovascular Neuroradiology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine with an average follow-up of more than 9 months. Of these patients, 11 (6.3%) and 6 (3.4%) had Spetzler–Martin grade IV and grade V cAVM, respectively. Outcomes after surgical procedures were assessed and QoL was evaluated using standardized EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Results. Five (29.4%) patients had intracerebral hemorrhage, 6 (35.3%) had seizures, 5 (29.4%) had other non-hemorrhagic manifestations and 1 (5.9%) patient had a neurological deficit as a result of cerebral steal. In 17 patients, 28 embolization sessions were performed, and in nearly all of them (96%) N-butyl cyanoacrylate was used as the preferred embolic agent. There were no procedural complications. After embolization, three (17.6%) patients had neurologic deterioration (temporary in 2 patients and persistent in 1 patient). All the patients were alive at the nearest follow-up. After embolization, 2 (11.7%) patients had recurrent hemorrhage, but without additional morbidity. Two of the five patients after cAVM rupture had some degree of disability. With regard to non-hemorrhagic debut, 8 (72%) patients reported symptom reduction. QoL assessment with EQ-5D-3L questionnaire revealed that severe problems were present in 2 (33.3%) of 6 patients after intracerebral hemorrhage and 2 (18.2%) of 11 patients with non-hemorrhagic manifestation. The mean Visual Analogue Scale score for the hemorrhagic group was 76.4 ± 15 points, while the non-hemorrhagic group’s score was 85.2 ± 14 points. Conclusions. Endovascular embolization, which aims to occlude the bleeding site or improve cerebral steal with a manageable consequence profile, can be used safely in carefully selected patients with high-grade cAVMs. Our experience shows that QoL can be satisfactory in 3/4 of patients after high-grade cAVM embolization, and more data from real-world practice are highly needed to determine the best method and time for improving patient outcomes.

The main aim of this article is description and publication of the materials of two barrows which was explored by the expedition of the Dmytro Yavornytsky National Historical Museum of Dnipro by L. P. Krylova in 1973. They located near the Kalinovka village of the Solonyansky raiion of the Dnipropetrovska oblast. Methods: comparative-historical, typological, chronological, descriptive. Main results. The barrows near the Kalinovka village of the Solonyansky raiion of the Dnipropetrovska oblast belonged to a large burial ground, which was partly destroyed. Only the mound with a sign of triangulation remained was saved at the time of excavation. The mound 1 was build in two construction receptions. The primary mound, fixed on the V-shaped ditch, is filled for the main grave 7 of post-mariupol culture. It is connected with the device of a near-tomb pavement made of wood with separate inclusions of stones and a peculiar covering of the sub-square site with a layer of clay. Both ritual actions are known in a member of post-mariupol burials of the territorial variant of the Steppe Dnipro and the Dnipro Nadporizhzhya. The main markers of the burial rite of the post-mariupol burials are the shape of the burial pit, elongated position of the deceased on the back, orientation to East, the presence of ocher carmine color. The group of pit burials (№№ 3,5,6,9) forms the second cultural-chronological horizon. One of them may be associated with a ring filler, which brought the mound to a modern size. The most recent are burials of zrubna culture (№№ 2,8), in one of which ceramic fragments were found. Cultural identity of grave 1 has not been established. Barrow 2 was 4 m high and 30 m in diameter, was erected for four simultaneous Scythian burials. The embankment was surrounded by a ditch with two bridges at the East and Nord edges, 1,5 m in length and bones of animals from the reed. Outside the pit, vertically standing stones of the cromlech are traced. All the graves are made in the same type of catacomb, which are distributed in the Northern Black Sea in the IV–III centuries BC. The main grave 3 was collective – two adults (a man and a woman) and a child. The surviving in situ parts of the male skeleton testify to the position of the burials elongated on the back, the head to the East. The burial was repeatedly robbed. At the entrance to the chamber, from the inside, a part of the wall of a bronze boiler was found. For the chronological definitions, well-dated categories of inventory (arrowheads and ect.) are involved, allowing to date grave 3 to the second half of the IV and beginning of the III BC. The life-long social status of a man of grave 3 in the hierarchy of the caldron-holders is related to the head of the genus of the lower aristocratic stratum of the Scythian society. The three graves contained various age burials of children, accompanied by ornaments. Their status is ambiguous since may reflect both generic or tribal affinity with those buried in grave 3, and a dependent position relative to the child in grave 3 as a possible heir to a sufficiently high social rank of the father. Concise conclusions. The obtained materials allow to determine the time of occurrence of a burial mound near the Kalinovka village by the Eneolithic in the presence of post-mariupol burials, which mark the appearance of a mound rite in the Steppe and Pre-Dnipro Ukraine. Its further functioning is connected with the Bronze Age, represented by pit and log complexes. The later cultural and chronological layer is formed by the Scythian burials, which reflect the processes of social stratification of the society. Practical meaning. The published materials can be used in generalizing research of the problems of archeology of the Early Iron Age of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The cultural and chronological features of mound construction and burial complexes near the Kalinovka village of the Solonyansky raiion of the Dnipropetrovska oblast had been determine. Type of article: analytical.

Minting own coin is one of the attributes of state formation. The first coins of the Old Rus are represented by gold and silver specimens dating from the late tenth — early eleventh century. Gold coins are very rare, the silver ones are presented much more. Most modern researchers believe that the production of silver coins was started by Volodymyr Sviatoslavych and ended under Yaroslav Volodymyrovych after the beginning of his reign in Kyiv. In 2020 the third known hoard of silver coins was discovered near Gorodnytsia village, Novohrad-Volynskyi district, Zhytomyr region. It was found accidently by local resident S. M. Komar who in the next day after discovery handed it over to the authorities which was recorded in the relevant documents. The expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine conducted archaeological research at the hoard location. The place where the silver coins have been occurred was recorded. Several more coins were found in the pit where the hoard was and nearby. Surrounding area was examined. Near the hoard the presence of land- and waterways, which functioned in the medieval period, was recorded. Near the river Sluch there are convenient places for crossing. During the exploration of the area adjacent to the hoard in order to study the archaeological context the settlement was discovered. The artifacts found on it date it to the 9th—13th and 16th—18th centuries. Powerful fortifications in the form of moats, ramparts and escarpments have been preserved. Probably, the formation of the silver hoard is connected with the ancient roads along the Sluch River and the Old Rus settlement on the site of the modern settlement of Gorodnytsia. In total 38 silver coins were in the hoard. 31 of them belonged to the minting of Volodymyr Sviatoslavych, and 7 to Sviatopolk Yaropolkovych. Vladimir’s coins are presented in three types — II (6 copies), III (16 copies) and IV (9 copies). Sviatopolk’s coins represent all three of his existing numismatic types — I (4 copies), II (2 copies) and III (1 copy). 10 silver coins of Volodymyr and 1 of Svyatopolk are represented by previously unknown stamp pairs. 2 coins of Vladimir, which have an unknown combination of stamps, are of particular scientific interest.

In the development of nuclear power in the world, there are three stages separated by major accidents at nuclear power plants: "Three Mile Island" (USA, 1979), the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (USSR - Ukraine, 1986) and the "Kama-1" nuclear power plant (Japan, 2011). At the first and second stages, until 1990, there was a rapid development of nuclear power, when 20-30 units were introduced per year and their number increased to 391 with a total capacity of 321 GW, followed by a sharp decline, the withdrawal of many units from operation, which reached the deadline of 40 years. So for after Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster from 2011 to 2016, taking into account the withdrawn (17 blocks), only 7 blocks and 13 GW of energy were added. As a result, as of 01.12.2016, the total installed capacity of 450 units was 392 GW. At the same time, prices for uranium and gas have decreased, and the latter has led to an increase in the competitiveness of gas thermal power plants (CCGT with an efficiency of up to 55-65 %). The share of world electricity production at nuclear power plants fell from 17.6 % (1995) to 10.7 % (2015). To improve the nuclear power plant's economy, it was necessary to significantly increase the level of safety while simplifying and reducing the cost of the actual projects, first of all, the reactor compartment (nuclear island-Yao), the cost of power unit equipment, construction and installation on site, and reducing operating costs. As a result, "Generation -3+" reactors were developed and are already being built: Westinghouse (USA) AR-1000, ARR-1400 (Korea), boiling-GeneralElectric (USA) ESBWR- 1650, Areva (France) EPR (1600 mw), in Russia Rosatom - NPP-2006 (1200 mw) and VVER-TOI (1250 MW). The paper presents the results of comparing the economic efficiency of these projects. In January 2000, at the initiative of the US Department of energy, the "generation IV international forum" (MFP-4) program was launched, the goal of the program was to identify the main areas of R & d for the development of promising 4th-generation nuclear power plants. As a result of the evaluation carried out by a group of leading experts in nuclear energy, six basic concepts of nuclear power plants were selected. In this paper, only three of them are considered: these are reactors cooled with sodium (SFR-BN), lead (LFR-BR), and supercritical pressure water (SCWR-VVER-SKD). SCWR reactors have been most developed abroad. In a number of countries, conceptual projects have been implemented showing the economic efficiency of these reactors by 20-40 % compared to the "P. 3+" reactors. In Russia, in order not to depend on fluctuations in uranium prices, to reduce problems with the storage of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and the implementation of a closed fuel cycle in the nuclear power industry, BN and BR reactors are being actively developed.

Цель исследования – выявить особенности двухлетней динамики показателей санитарного состояния березы повислой (Betula pendula Roth) в различных типах лесорастительных условий Левобережной лесостепи Украины. Проанализированы данные о санитарном состоянии березы повислой, полученные в 2015–2016 гг. на девяти пробных площадях. Три из них представляют свежую суборь (В2), три – свежий сугрудок (С2) и три – свежий груд (D2) (по классификации Алексеева–Погребняка) – наиболее представленные в регионе типы лесорастительных условий. Все насаждения имеют искусст­венное семенное происхождение и примерно одинаковый возраст (40–45 лет), что соответствует наибольшему представительству в лесном фонде Левобережной лесостепи. Категорию санитарного состояния каждого дерева березы на пробных площадях оценивали в соответствии с Санитарными правилами в лесах Украины. Индекс санитарного состояния насаждений определяли по количеству деревьев и по доле площади поперечного сечения стволов, представленных в каждой категории санитарного состояния. Индекс санитарного состояния отдельно рассчитывали для всех деревьев (II–VI) и для жизнеспособных деревьев I–IV категорий санитарного состояния (II–IV). Значения индексов санитарного состояния анализируемых насаж­дений, вычисленных с учетом как распределения деревьев, так и их площади поперечного сечения (1,7–2,5), позволяют считать эти березняки ослабленными. Отмечена тенденция ухудшения состояния березы в 2016 г., по сравнению с 2015 г., а также в ряду свежие субори (В2) – свежие сугрудки (С2) – свежие груды (D2). Среднее санитарное состояние ухудшалось преимущественно из-за плохого состояния деревья с меньшим диаметром, т. е. патологические процессы не были выражены в насаждениях в целом. В обследованных насаждениях зафиксированы такие признаки ослабления, как усыхание вершин, наличие водяных побегов, заселение стволовыми насекомыми (входные отверстия, ходы), потеки на стволах. В 2016 г., по сравнению с 2015 г., возросла доля деревьев с признаками бактериальной водянки. The goal of research was to reveal the peculiarities of two-year dynamics of health condition indices for silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) in different types of forest site conditions of the Left-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Presented data on silver birch health condition were obtained from 9 permanent sample plots in 2015–2016. Three plots were located in a fresh subor (fresh relatively poor forest site conditions В2), other three plots in a fresh sugrud (fresh relatively fertile forest site conditions C2), and three more plots in a fresh grud (fresh fertile forest site conditions D2) (by Alekseyev–Pogrebnyak classification). These forest site conditions are the most represented in the region. All studied stands were of artificial seed origin and are about the same age (40–45 years old), which reflects the largest representation in the forests of the Left-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Categories of health condition were assessed for each birch tree in the sample plots according to the «Sanitary rules in the forests of Ukraine». Index of forest health condition was evaluated by a number of trees and by the part of cross-sectional area of birch stems in each category of health condition. Index of forest health condition was calculated separately for all trees (II–VI) and for viable trees of the I–IV categories of health condition (II–IV). All evaluated indices of health condition (1.7–2.5) allow to suggest these birch stands weakened. There is a trend of worsening birch condition in 2016 comparing to 2015 as well as in the series «fresh relatively poor forest site conditions (В2) – fresh relatively fertile forest site conditions (С2) – fresh fertile forest site conditions (D2)». Worsening of health condition was registered mainly in trees with smaller diameter, thus pathological processes were not extensive in the stands as whole. Dieback, epicornic shoots, stem insects' entrance holes and galleries, and sap flux on stems were registered as the signs of stands weakening. In 2016 in comparison to 2015, the performance of wetwood has increased.

Цель исследования – оценка состояния ясеневых насаждений в условиях свежего груда (D2 по классификации Алексеева–Погребняка) – наиболее распространенного типа лесорастительных условий в лесостепной части Харьковской области. На 2-х постоянных пробных площадях (ПП) оценивали дефолиацию крон деревьев ясеня в конце июня и категорию санитарного состояния этих деревьев в конце июля или в августе. Индекс санитарного состояния насаждений определяли по коли­честву деревьев, по доле площади поперечного сечения стволов и по доле объема стволов, представленных в каждой категории санитарного состояния. Все показатели рассчитывали по всем деревьям (II–VI) и по жизнеспособным деревьям I–IV категорий санитарного состояния (II–IV). Дефолиация крон ясеня составила в среднем 35 ± 3%, на отдельных ПП – от 13,2 до 61,5%, а на индивидуальных деревьях – от 5 до 75%. Индекс санитарного состояния насаждений достоверно коррелирует с дефолиацией. Более высокий уровень дефолиации деревьев с большими диаметром и высотой подтвержден дисперсионным анализом. Связь дефолиации крон и индексов санитарного состояния ясеня с его участием в составе насаждений не подтверждена статистически. Обследованные насаждения ясеня обыкновенного относятся к кате­гории ослабленных или сильно ослабленных, а насаждения на ПП-3 и ПП-4 – к категории усыхающих. На ПП-9, ПП-19 и ПП-22 относительный диаметр деревьев IV категории санитарного состояния значительно превышал единицу (1,56, 1,36 и 1,33 соответственно), а индекс санитарного состояния насаждений, вычислен­ный по доле площади поперечного сечения стволов, был выше, чем вычисленный по количеству деревьев. Это свидетельствует о том, что в данных насаждениях развиваются патологические процессы, причем с недавнего времени, что подтверждает низкая встречаемость сухостоя. The goal of the research was an evaluation of ash stands health condition in fresh grud (fresh fertile forest site conditions D2) (by the Alekseyev-Pogrebnyak classification), which is the most widespread forest site condition in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv Region of Ukraine. Defoliation of European ash was assessed at the end of June, and a category of health condition was assessed in late July or August at 22 permanent sample plots (SP). Health condition index of the stands was calculated by the number of trees, by proportion of cross-sectional area and by proportion of stem volume in each category of health condition. All these indices of forest health condition were calculated separately for all trees (II–VI) and for viable trees of the categories I–IV of health condition (II–IV). Average defoliation of European ash was 35 ± 3%, in certain permanent sample plots it varied from 13.2 to 61.5%, and for individual trees varied from 5 to 75%. Health condition index significantly correlates with defoliation. The higher defoliation of trees with greater diameter and height is proved by analysis of variances. Correlation of defoliation with the proportion of ash in the stand composition and with stand age was not proved statistically. Inspected ash stands were classified as the category «weakened» or «severely weakened», and the stands in the sample plots SP-3 and SP-4 were classified as the category «drying (dying)». Relative diameter of trees of the category IV of health condition in SP-9, SP-19, and SP-22 considerably exceeded 1 (1.56, 1.36 and 1.33, respectively). Health condition index, calculated by cross-sectional area, exceeded the index, calculated by tree number. It shows that pathological processes began to develop recently in these stands, which is supported by low occurrence of dead trees.