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Thomas, Sarah E. "The Catalog as Portal to the Internet." Library of Congress, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105922.
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For well over a century, the catalog has served libraries and their users as a guide and index to publications collected by an institution. The attributes of the catalog that have made it a valuable resource are desirable traits in any information management tool.The Library catalog user has traditionally assumed that items listed in the catalog were carefully chosen to support an institutional mission and that they were available for her inspection. Internet portals, gateways to the Web, like the catalog, offer access to a wide range of resources, but differ from the catalog in a number of ways, perhaps most significantly in that they facilitate searching and retrieval from a vast, often uncoordinated array of sites, rather than the carefully delimited sphere of the library's collections. Web information has proven much more volatile, ephemeral, and heterogeneous.
Can we re-interpret the catalog so that it can serve effectively as a portal to the Internet? Is the catalog the appropriate model for discovery and retrieval of highly dynamic, rapidly multiplying, networked documents? Until relatively recently, the catalog has been the dominant index to published literature for library users. Web portals are rapidly usurping this primacy. Libraries today are struggling as they strain to incorporate a variety of resources in diverse formats in their catalogs and to maintain centrality and relevancy in the digital world. This paper will examine the features of the catalog and their portability to the Web, and will make recommendations about the Library catalog's role in providing access to Internet resources.
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Oberbichler, Eva. "Personalizing knowledge portals principles, requirements, methods." Saarbrücken VDM, Müller, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2845607&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Amsden, Saundra L. "Web portal design, execution and sustainability for Naval Websites and Web services." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FAmsden.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Don Brutzman, Curt Blair, Barb Helfer. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-99). Also available online.
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Coen, Stephanie. "NEXUS Portal Vol. 3, No. 2 (Spring 2009) ~ Special issue on knowledge exchange." NEXUS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15375.
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Prasanna, Guru 1976. "Product development knowledge management portal and case studies to demonstrate the need for better design knowledge management using it." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17553.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2001.Page 123 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-122).
Product development process is a complex one due to the involvement of highly coupled tasks and people over a certain period of time. So far there has been little success in capturing and storage of the knowledge that goes into making such a complex process in a easy to use and readily accessible way within a detailed framework. This thesis presents a product knowledge management portal to categorize such vast knowledge effectively to achieve those objectives. It thus serves as a map and a knowledge repository of the entire product development process starting with the evaluation of customer needs, functional requirements and constraints subsequently leading to specific design parameters, the process variables and the final output of the product itself. Within this framework is also contained the details of each of these individual processes, lessons learned from the past experiences, task division and interactions between people and tasks over time and the interconnections and links between these processes themselves. The thesis then studies three cases of products at two companies with different company cultures and size to learn how these companies manage the product development process knowledge using the above-developed framework. The results suggest the insufficiencies in different areas of knowledge backed by quantitative data. It also points out the common results and differences among the way companies manage the product development knowledge.
by Guru Prasanna.
S.M.
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Blaskovsky, Cintia. "Proposta de diretrizes em portal colaborativo para transferência do conhecimento em ambientes de desenvolvimento de empreendimentos inovadores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18157/tde-12082014-083153/.
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A gestão empresarial, de uma forma em geral, enfrenta novos contextos quanto à sua estrutura organizacional que suporte a dinâmica do mercado, que incentive a aprendizagem, que esteja antecipada as tendências de consumo e necessidades dos clientes; e que possa ser criativa o suficiente para promover a inovação. Neste sentido, o conhecimento se torna um recurso estratégico para as empresas. Este estudo teve como objetivo propor diretrizes para um portal colaborativo para a transferência do conhecimento no contexto de ambientes de desenvolvimento de empreendimentos inovadores visando a melhoria no processo de inovação e desenvolvimento dos negócios das empresas incubadas. Quanto ao desenvolvimento, baseado em estudos norteadores sobre gestão do conhecimento, transferência do conhecimento para aspectos da colaboração e portais, foi aplicada a metodologia de modelagem organizacional Enterprise Knowledge Development (EKD). Os resultados abordaram três perspectivas: o modelo do estado atual, a análise das necessidades de mudança e o modelo do estado futuro, que apresentam em principal, o modelo de componentes e requisitos técnicos que norteiam as diretrizes para o portal colaborativo, para a transferência do conhecimento, integrado aos objetivos organizacionais, regras do negócio, atores e recursos.The corporate management, in a general way, faces new contexts for their organizational structure wich supports the market dynamics, wich encourages learning, that is in advance to consumer trends and customer needs, and wich can be creative enough to foster innovation. In this way, knowledge becomes a strategic resource for companies. This research aims to propose guidelines for a collaborative portal for knowledge transfer in the context of innovative projects development in order to improve the innovation process and the development of business of incubated companies. Regarding development, based on guiding studies on knowledge management, knowledge transfer for collaboration aspects and portals, was applied the organization modeling methodology Enterprise Knowledge Development (EKD). The results discussed three perspectives: the as-is model, needs-for-change analysis and the to-be model, in which presents mainly the technical components and requirements model that provide the guidelines for collaborative portal for knowledge transfer, integrated with organizational goals, business rules, actors and resources.
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Song, Hongli, and hongli song@rmit edu au. "The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Knowledge Management: From Enabler to Facilitator." RMIT University. Business Information Technology, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080521.150600.
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This study focuses on the role of Information and communication technology (ICT) in support of effective knowledge management. Based on a comprehensive literature review, a knowledge management framework was developed for investigating the role of ICT in support of knowledge management. The framework not only centers on the dynamics of knowledge objects and processes, but also focuses on the impact of the internal knowledge management environment where organizational, managerial, structural, cultural and other related elements are intertwined and interplayed. Based on this research framework, two sets of hypotheses were proposed for testing: (a) whether ICT enables and facilitates conversions between knowledge objects and knowledge management processes, and (b) whether the internal knowledge management environment impacts the effective implementation of knowledge management projects. To test the hypotheses, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methodologies including theoretical induction, continuous literature review, secondary data analysis, and the conduct of an online questionnaire survey and a case study was adopted in this study. The empirical findings were drawn from the secondary data analysis, case study and questionnaire survey. A questionnaire survey and a case study were conducted to obtain empirical data for testing and validating research hypotheses. To obtain a better understanding of current knowledge management best practices, secondary data were gathered and analyzed. In order to investigate the conversion processes of knowledge objects, an online survey was used to explore the experience, perceptions and opinions of respondents in the use of electronic resources at an individual level. To identify the factors that can determine success or failure in implementing knowledge management projects, a case study involving the pilot implementation of a knowledge portal was undertaken for collecting and analyzing empirical evidence from the field. The empirical findings confirm the ICT's enabling role in knowledge management. The results of this study further suggest that the conversion processes between data and information are fully supported by ICT, whereas the conversion processes between data and knowledge, and the conversion processes between information and knowledge are only partially supported by ICT. While knowledge codification and dissemination are increasingly supported by ICT, supportive technology for knowledge generation and application remains much less effective. The critical success factors impacting the implementation of knowledge management projects include organizational, structural, strategical, managerial, and cultural elements. These interlocking elements form the internal knowledge management environment in an organization. This study provides theoretical contributions by better understanding the nature of knowledge, the relationship between ICT and knowledge management, and the relationship between knowledge management and internal knowledge management environment. It also provides a contribution relevant to practitioners by developing a novel knowledge management framework, which can be used as a guideline of knowledge management efforts.
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Hrbatová, Gabriela. "Podnikové komunikační a informační webové portály." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223445.
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This diploma‘s thesis deals with the analysis and definition of the requirements for the implementation of a suitable communication and information web portal for OR-NEXT spol. s r.o., an IT business. The company focuses on the implementation of information systems (QI and Lawson M3), system integration in general and with providing post-implementation services. The portal will improve communication with customers and both simplify and speed up business processes on the management of customer portfolios and customer requirements.
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Eckes, Kelly, and Kelly Eckes. "Providers' Perceptions and Current Knowledge About Patient Portal Use in a Primary Care Clinic in Wyoming." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624512.
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Background: Chronic disease is a growing problem in the United States and in Wyoming. It is associated with increased costs and increased morbidity and mortality. Technologies such as patient health portals have been shown to improve patient outcomes.
Objective: The objective is to promote future use of the patient portal as a tool to improve chronic disease management by identifying opportunities to increase their use.
Design: Using quantitative methodology, a 38-item survey was created to examine primary care providers' preexisting knowledge, attitudes, practice facilitators and barriers about patient portal use and chronic disease management.
Setting: A nurse owned primary care clinic in central Wyoming
Participants: Four nurse practitioners.
Measurements: The survey responses and Likert-type questions, analyzed the mode and open-ended questions analyzed through content analysis.
Results: The providers demonstrated an understanding of the benefits of patient portal use and its functions. It was found that although participants felt that their patients could benefit from this technology the portals were not used to their full extent.
Conclusion: Health care technology has provided practitioners with the ability to improve patient outcomes. Strengthening the use of patient portals and increasing the quality of how they are used has the potential to enhance patient engagement in their care, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Larsson, Thomas, and Mats Lindskog. "Kunskapsnätverkande." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2850.
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Competence Portals are software tools that are intended to make it easier for persons that have had no previous contact to find and contact each other. The portals can address areas ranging from finding an expert within an organisation to the marketing of the competence of a region or a research centre to other organisations.
The purpose of the thesis is to examine the necessity of Competence Portals in research-intensive organisations. Important characteristics of the information in such portals have been identified and used as a basis for recommendations regarding how Competence Portals could be designed. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the task of finding a source of knowledge within an organisation.
The study is of a general nature and is supposed to be of interest to anyone who has an interest in knowledge management and tools to enable easy contacts within and between organisations. The study includes research organisations from Sweden, Germany and the United Kingdom and privately owned Swedish companies. The focus is on the German research organisations and Swedish companies. The empirical data was gathered using two surveys and multiple interviews with both persons featured in a Competence Portal as well as prospective users.
We have found that is uncommon to have access to tools such as Competence Portals in the studied groups. The tasks that a portal is meant to make easier is most often already solved in an efficient way or not performed frequently enough to merit a larger investment. Furthermore, the general opinion regarding Competence Systems in the studied group is very sceptical. We have therefore reached the conclusion that the demand for a software solution such as Competence Portals is low in the studied group. As a result of the little room for improvement in current work procedures and a general low demand we conclude that the necessity of Competence Portals is low in the studied group. However, Competence Portals are likely to be useful to very large or geographically scattered organisations. We have summarized our findings regarding the quality aspects of the information inCompetence Portals in a model that illustrates the important areas to consider when designing a Competence Portal. The model emphasise the importance of processes for updating and maintaining the information in the portal.
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Hassani, Mehraban Farhad. "Supply chain knowledge creation : applications of organizational knowledge creation theory." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/supply-chain-knowledge-creation(02eaeb75-2fad-494b-ac4d-20e82dddfc60).html.
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Scholars argue that knowledge is a fundamental source for retaining competitive advantage, as value creation depends fundamentally on the competence of a firm to create new knowledge (Nonaka and Toyama, 2002). Knowledge creation is based on conversion of two types of knowledge: tacit knowledge, which is constituent to the comprehensiveness of an individual’s consciousness, and explicit knowledge, which can be readily communicated. Based on the framework by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), one of the most significant and cited models, the motivation of this research is to expand knowledge creation model from intra- to inter-organizational relationships theoretically and explore supply chain knowledge creation process in practice to examine the sequences of this extension. Studying three firms in the fashion industry, this thesis contributes to research on knowledge creation by taking a socio-technological perspective through a qualitative study of supply chain management. The research findings provide support for the proposed theoretical model in which social relationships and technology interact in the knowledge creation process to diminish supply chain complexities. While many supply chain relationships I observed appear to be influential in creating knowledge, one similarity among the cases here is that the effectiveness of the knowledge creation process has been limited due to the lack of harmony in employing knowledge resources. Knowledge creation process may be superficial due to the fact that they require a large revolution in work routines regarding the use of technology. Even where there is some degree of socialization, the process is partial because of incongruities between individuals understanding and corporate supply chain strategies.
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McHale, Kevin J., and Raymond E. Kendall. "Evolution: advancing Communities of Practice in naval intelligence." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/963.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedThe US Navy is embracing the principles of Knowledge Management (KM). One of the key components of KM is the Community of Practice. Communities of Practice are groups that form to share what they know, and to learn from one another regarding some aspect of their work. Organizations are strengthened through an improved network of contacts and enhanced productivity from their personnel. Personnel benefit through peer-group recognition and continuous learning. This thesis seeks to provide an understanding of how the Naval Intelligence Community, through the implementation of Communities of Practice, can reduce duplication of effort, increase collaboration between its personnel, and better support the resources in its people. In this thesis, we have provided a blueprint for building a successful unclassified Community of Practice for Naval Intelligence. This blueprint is designed to support replication on classified networks.
Lieutenant, United States Navy
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Lee, Yu Sun. "Toward a new knowledge sharing community collective intelligence and learning through web-portal-based question-answer services /." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3701.
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Gronau, Norbert. "Marktüberblick : Anwendungen und Systeme für das Wissensmanagement." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/681/.
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Diese Marktstudie vermittelt einen Überblick über Software, die zur Unterstützung von Wissensmanagement eingesetzt werden kann und berücksichtigt dabei die Spannweite von spezialisierten Suchmaschinen bis zu umfassenden integrierten Wissensmanagementsystemen. Die untersuchte Software bietet sowohl
Unterstützung bei Community-orientierten Wissensmanagementansätzen als auch bei Information Retrieval. Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten sind genauso unterschiedlich wie die heterogenen Anforderungen von Unternehmen und Organisationen, die diese an Wissensmanagement stellen. Eine direkte Vergleichbarkeit aller untersuchten
Softwareprodukte ist daher nicht sinnvoll.Applications and systems for knowledge management : a market survey:
This market survey gives an overview on software for the support of knowledge management. The survey overlooks the span from specialized search engines to integrated knowledge management systems with a broad range of functions. The investigated software supports community-oriented approaches as well as information retrieval. Usage possibilities are as different as the heterogenous requirements of enterprises and organizations for knowledge management. Therefore a direct comparison between the investigated tools is not useful.
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© GITO mbH Berlin
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Nichols, Jonathan. "A Study of Knowledge Management within Lockheed Martin Corporation." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1183.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Engineering and Computer Science
Information Systems Technology
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Serravalle, Cristina. "Impactos de um portal corporativo sobre o processo de desenvolvimento de sistemas e o compartilhamento do conhecimento. Estudo de caso: processo de implantação de um portal corporativo na coordenação de planejamento de sistemas da secretaria municipal da fazenda de salvador." Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2006. http://www.adm.ufba.br/sites/default/files/publicacao/arquivo/703.pdf.
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Essa pesquisa foi realizada dentro de uma coordenação de planejamento de sistemas de uma organização pública municipal no estado da Bahia, e buscou analisar os impactos provocados no processo de desenvolvimento de sistemas através da introdução de uma nova tecnologia (Portal Corporativo), assim como a criação de uma cultura voltada ao compartilhamento do conhecimento. O que se detectou foi que, mesmo num ambiente tecnológico, a mudança pela utilização de uma nova tecnologia pode significar um esforço coletivo muito grande no sentido de alcançar o objetivo final, pois é necessário adaptar e adaptar-se à cultura e comunicar o que se quer alcançar para que os profissionais envolvidos se sintam co-responsáveis e tomem parte do que cabe a cada um. Todo processo de mudança organizacional é difícil, mas não impossível. São muitos personagens envolvidos com diferentes expectativas, necessidades e capacidades. Se os objetivos estiverem claros e bem comunicados, o processo ocorrerá muito mais fácil. À luz dessas afirmações, podemos crer que a condução desse processo de mudança deverá conhecer e respeitar a cultura organizacional predominante para que as resistências sejam mínimas.
Salvador
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Na, Seunguk. "Knowledge management : an exploration of knowledge sharing within project-based organisations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/knowledge-management-an-exploration-of-knowledge-sharing-within-projectbased-organisations(0d4ec79c-4bd9-4959-938a-4dc370925051).html.
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For several years, knowledge has been treated as a key successful resource in business and management. As knowledge management has been researched in various research domains, academics in project management have been also interested in the potential role of knowledge management. The aim of the research is to explore the usefulness and potentiality of knowledge management as well as to confirm the influencing elements of knowledge sharing within project-based organisations. This research implemented a qualitative research method which prompted an in-depth understanding of individual members’ perceptions towards knowledge sharing in project teams. In order to fulfil the methodological objective, the data were collected by using semi-structured interviews with 26 project managers from five project-based firms. The grounded theory method was adopted as the data analysis technique of this study. It allowed the researcher to explore and analyse the individuals’ perceptions of knowledge sharing and knowledge management. As a result, this study suggests four potential influencing factors of knowledge sharing, which are trust, relationship, motivation, and self-efficacy. The research data show that trust plays a role as a basic currency between members to share knowledge. Positive and affirmative relationships with other members will make it easy to share more knowledge and lead to better quality of knowledge. In this research, the informants also imply that members would be motivated to engage in knowledge sharing in respect to workload, culture, and remuneration. Lastly, one’s belief that one can achieve certain things -self-efficacy- is also important to create improved knowledge sharing between members in project teams. The research found that the majority of the companies managed their knowledge and carried out knowledge sharing activities. However, most of them did not recognise that their behaviours were relevant to knowledge management. In this research, the author suggests that confirming precedent knowledge management and knowledge sharing activities should occur prior to adopting new approaches. Furthermore, this research explores the potential influencing factors that play a role as either enablers or barriers. Thus, project managers and management should be cautious and ensure that influencing factors are equally balanced. Due to the nature of qualitative research methods, the sample size is relatively small compared to quantitative methods such as a survey and a questionnaire. As a result, future studies will consider more data in order to enhance further applicability and utilisation of the research.
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Walker, Allisa M. "Knowledge portal support to the Naval Postgraduate School's advanced distributed learning program for the Information Systems and Operations curriculum." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA386259.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2000.Thesis advisor(s): Mark E. Nissen, Carl R. Jones. "December 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-54). Also available in print.
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De, Brasi Leandro. "Knowledge from a social perspective." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/knowledge-from-a-social-perspective(69abd6f0-2618-4f84-a676-adc297322278).html.
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The main thesis of this work is that to know is to grasp the truth by means of certain truth-conducive procedures which are socially-designed for the pooling of information and which we acquire through enculturation. The category of knowledge is the product of our social nature and its constitutive norms are regulative rules of our pervasive testimonial practice which are responsibly developed through time by the epistemic community for the promotion of truth. The account of knowledge derived from these inherently social norms is reliabilist, responsibilist and social. The particular combination of reliabilism and responsibilism fostered by the socio-historical nature of the norms resolves various standard issues within the theory of knowledge. The account also provides an epistemology that is truly social. -- After the first preliminary chapter sets up the project to be undertaken and method to be employed, the second chapter introduces a practical explication of the concept of knowledge which rests on the testimonial practice and from which a plausible hypothesis about the nature of knowledge is derived. Given this explication and hypothesis, we consider the nature of this practice in some detail. The next three chapters explore some refinements and consequences of the account promoted by those considerations. The third chapter notes that a fallibilist approach to knowledge that allows us to halt both infallibilism-based and closure-based scepticisms is motivated, as well as a classical invariantist approach. The fourth chapter exploits the aforesaid responsibilism to handle some worries associated with reliabilism. It also considers more general issues, such as the Gettier and value problems. The final chapter closes by adverting to the kind of wide-ranging social epistemology offered.
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Vrbka, Jan. "Analýza vzdělávacích portálů pro oblast ICT profesí." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114138.
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This diploma thesis deals with electronic educational portals and their applicability in the area of ICT. The aim is to determine key knowledge and skills of ICT professionals and assign those to courses from educational portals. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part consists of definitions of issues elaborated in this work. The particular attention is paid to education and e-learning. Practical part seeks to match key professional knowledge and skills with each ICT professions. In this part graduates'depth of knowledge and skills required by employers are also described. The employers' requirements date to years 2006 and 2010. In the end of the thesis educational portals with most extensive supply of ICT courses in the Czech Republic are listed. From the supply of portals are chosen those courses which follow the knowledge from previous chapters. Consequently, these portals are compared.
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Andrade, Polyana Bittencourt. "Informa??o fluida e conhecimento no ciberespa?o : uma an?lise do Portal Infonet-SE." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13638.
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Previous issue date: 2010-04-23The internet is a transbordering and potentializing environment for the information, since it makes possible the sheering, distribution and interaction of the contents available in it. However, this information system may generate an opposing move when it produces an avalanche of superficial information which difficult the absorption criticism by the user. This modern-liquid society, which is characterized by short living fashionisms, creates a fluid subject on which its habits do not become concrete, since they are so temporary that they don t shape up. The information also reproduces the same scenario, since the user is inserted into a logic based on supplying information and so it is conditioned to consume, not absorb or transform them into knowledge, since the flow of content production does not allow it. It is in his context that the publishing of cultural expressions come to be questioned, since they follow a liquid society trend. This discussion will take on topics that approach diverse cultural expressions in Sergipe, such as cinema, theater, craftsmanship, events, memory spaces(museums, art galleries, memorials, files, libraries, history institutes, science academies), amongst others and will analyze the content production of the Infonet Portal, from the reports published during April, May and June of 2008, period considered to be of cultural turbulence in the state, due to the June Festivals (Saint john, Saint Joseph and Saint Peter). To do so, Zigmunt Bauman s, Pierre Levy s, Edgar Morin s and Dominique Wolton s ideas were discussed. Besides, were analyzed the characteristics of the internet and its applicability within the portal hereby discussed in order to perceive the way the information is produced in the cyber culture, a movement that allows memorization, potentialization, interaction , besides other criteria inherent to the cyberspace
A internet ? um ambiente transfronteiri?o e potencializador das informa??es, pois possibilita o compartilhamento, distribui??o e intera??o do conte?do dispon?vel na mesma. Entretanto, esse sistema de informa??o pode gerar um movimento oposto quando produz uma avalanche de informa??es superficiais que dificultam a absor??o ou cr?tica por parte do usu?rio. Essa sociedade l?quido-moderna, que tem como uma das caracter?sticas a efemeridade, forma um sujeito fluido no qual seus h?bitos n?o se concretizam, pois s?o t?o ef?meros que n?o ganham forma. As informa??es tamb?m reproduzem esse mesmo cen?rio, pois o usu?rio est? inserido em uma l?gica baseada em suprir-se de informa??es e da? ele ? condicionado a consumir, n?o absorv?-las e nem transform?-las em conhecimento, pois o fluxo de produ??o de conte?do n?o permite isso. E ? nesse contexto que as publica??es sobre express?es culturais passam a ser questionadas, pois elas seguem uma tend?ncia da sociedade l?quida. A discuss?o aqui se apropriar? de assuntos que abordam as variadas express?es culturais em Sergipe, tais quais cinema, teatro, artesanato, eventos, espa?os de mem?ria (museus, pinacotecas, memoriais, arquivos, bibliotecas, institutos hist?ricos, academias cient?ficas), dentre outras e analisar? a produ??o do conte?do no portal Infonet, a partir das mat?rias veiculadas nos meses de abril, maio e junho de 2008, per?odo considerado como efervesc?ncia cultural do estado, devido ? realiza??o dos festejos juninos. Para tal, foram discutidas as id?ias de Zigmunt Bauman, Pierre L?vy, Edgar Morin e Dominique Wolton. Al?m disso, foram analisadas as caracter?sticas da internet e sua aplicabilidade no portal aqui estudado a fim de perceber a forma como a informa??o ? produzida na cibercultura, movimento que permite memoriza??o, potencializa??o, interatividade, al?m de outros crit?rios inerentes ao ciberespa?o
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Ledger, Jean Elizabeth. "Competing knowledges in turbulent times : the use of management knowledge in commissioning organisations in the English NHS." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/competing-knowledges-in-turbulent-times(3c6df5c1-5274-437b-bfb7-9b5749a99895).html.
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There is currently little empirical research exploring the uptake of management and organisational knowledge in primary care settings. More is understood about the transfer of clinical research evidence into practice to improve outcomes for patients and to keep professional knowledge up-to-date. This study uses a longitudinal, comparative case study design to explore how Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) and emergent Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) applied managementbased knowledges within their organisations, documenting how this changed in response to shifting events (political, economic) at the macro level. Both case study sites underwent profound processes of organisational change and uncertainty during the period 2010-2012, so we contextualise the study’s overarching findings in a wider process of policy ‘turbulence’. The thesis identifies sources of management knowledge accessed by health care organisations and professionals engaged in commissioning work over time. Our findings reveal that commissioning organisations drew upon varied forms of health care management expertise from a range of knowledge suppliers: management consultancy firms, policy advisors, health care think tanks, management academics and local knowledge ‘champions’. The process of management knowledge utilisation in the health sector is therefore described as especially non-linear, pluralist and contingent on external reform narratives that focus managerial and clinical priorities.
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Nawaz, Raheel. "Enriching biomedical events with meta-knowledge." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/enriching-biomedical-events-with-metaknowledge(38bc835b-c833-497d-ad72-f9f1fb345cf4).html.
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Owing to the ever increasing information deluge, it is becoming increasingly difficult to locate relevant information through traditional term-based search methods. Event–based text mining provides a more promising approach, as it also takes into account the semantic relationships between terms. Typical event representations only focus on identifying the type of the event, its par-ticipants and their types. However, additional information, which is essential for correct interpretation of the event, is often present in the text. This includes infor-mation about the polarity, certainty level, intensity/rate/frequency, type and source of the knowledge conveyed by the event. We refer to this additional information as meta-knowledge. This thesis focusses on our work involving the enrichment of events with meta-knowledge information. In this thesis we: • describe the annotation scheme designed specifically to capture meta-knowledge information at the event level• report on the corpora that have been enriched through deployment of the meta-knowledge annotation scheme• describe the work on automated identification of meta-knowledge including: - a broad-ranging study on analysis and identification of polarity of bio-events using three different bio-event corpora - a detailed study on analysis and identification of knowledge source in bio-events found in abstracts as well as in full papers - a first study on analysis and identification of bio-event manner• describe the initial work on a new approach to discourse analysis based on me-ta-knowledge annotations at the event level
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Bretscher, Nicola. "Mathematical knowledge for teaching using technology." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/mathematical-knowledge-for-teaching-using-technology(8047ac6c-c4f7-41af-9291-2e0c2236ebd2).html.
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The focus of this PhD study is teachers’ knowledge and how it is involved in interacting with technology to produce the mathematical knowledge made available in the classroom. Contrasting connectionist and transmissionist teachers’ use of technology provides a means of making such knowledge visible, allowing an exploration of the nature and content of mathematical knowledge for teaching using technology. In addition, this study examines how and to what extent the mathematical knowledge made available through a teacher’s interaction with technology is distributed across the teacher and technology. The first, quantitative phase of the project surveyed English secondary mathematics teachers’ use of technology (n=183). Using Rasch analysis to construct a transmissionist measure of self-reported pedagogic practice, a surprising association is found between frequent use of teacher-centred software and a more connectionist orientation. The survey data also suggests that ‘teacher-centred’ practices involving ICT may instead be construed as ‘dominant’ practices, since they are most frequently occurring across all teachers. In the second, qualitative phase of the project, two connectionist and two transmissionist teachers were selected as case studies on the basis of their responses to the survey instrument. Data collection involved a semi-structured interview based around a GeoGebra file on circle theorems, two classroom observations and postobservation interviews. Data analysis using the TPACK framework suggests the nature of mathematical knowledge for teaching using technology as abstract, mathematical knowledge and yet simultaneously as mathematical knowledge situated in the context of teaching using technology. Using the Knowledge Quartet, a conceptualisation of the content of mathematical knowledge for teaching using technology in relation to the topic of circle theorems is developed, demonstrating the highly complex nature of such knowledge. Ameliorating this complexity, this study provides indications of how a distributed view of cognition might offer potential strategies for facilitating teacher interaction with technology.
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Brook, Katherine Eliza. "Proust and the avant-garde : perception, knowledge, representation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/proust-and-the-avantgarde(43662227-f55c-493d-957c-13d5c9b68ef2).html.
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This thesis compares Proust’s Recherche with the work of the Cubists, Futurists, and Surrealists. Few scholars have considered the novel’s engagement with avant-garde ideas and aesthetics, despite Proust’s geographical and temporal proximity to avant-garde activity. Without arguing extensively for direct influence or even significant interaction between the two, my research focuses on a broader pool of ideas and cultural-historical developments, around which Proust’s work can be brought into dialogue with both the collective aims of particular groups within the avant-garde, and with the paintings and (to a lesser extent) writings of individual artists. Throughout the thesis, I use their work as a means of shedding light on the conflict and crossover between states of ‘insidership’ and ‘outsidership’, and on the manner in which these states define relations between perceiving, acting subjects and the external objects and spaces they encounter. Chapter 1 focuses on the artistic perceptive faculty and the relation it enables between the artist and the external world, using Bergson’s opposition of ‘analysis’ and ‘intuition’ as a theoretical framework. Chapter 2 is centred around the metaphor of the work of art as a ‘window on the world’ and its implication that a painting is primarily a representation, rather than an object in its own right. Chapter 3 investigates the influence of mechanised transport technologies both on perceptions of space and on relations between people, while Chapter 4 uses Didier Anzieu’s theory of the Moi-peau to argue that the self is defined not only by bodily but by architectural boundaries, which also shape the subject’s relationships with other people. Ultimately, the thesis asks whether the work of Proust and the avant-gardes conceives of the subject’s interaction with the world as a function of surface or of depth, or as a more complex troubling between the two.
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Roome, Edward Steven. "Hiring by knowledge-intensive firms in China." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/hiring-by-knowledgeintensive-firms-in-china(5a47a0d5-d7ca-49ca-b464-2fefc5613f29).html.
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Knowledge-intensive firms (KIFs) depend on their workers’ knowledge assets more than capital- and labour-intensive firms. Knowledge assets, such as human and social capital, enable KIFs to innovate, solve problems, and build relationships. But managing a highly skilled and well-connected workforce presents several HRM challenges – perhaps none more so than hiring. In tight labour markets, workers’ knowledge assets are strategically valuable and rare. To attract knowledge workers, KIFs must signal significant value from entering into employment relationships. They must use hiring strategies that communicate positive organisational attributes (employer branding), as well as HRM practices that entice job seekers (employment inducements).Previous studies on KIFs have focused largely on Western contexts. Few studies have considered HRM by KIFs in developing economies. In China, the focus of this study, KIFs are an emerging organisational form that have grown from privately owned start-ups in high-tech sectors. Such firms encounter hiring challenges at both organisational and external environmental levels. For example, privately owned KIFs face intense labour market competition from state-owned and foreign-invested enterprises for highly skilled workers. This has fuelled upsurges in wages and high turnover. Most private firms are small and vulnerable to market forces, yet scholars know little about their hiring and HRM approaches. Almost no studies have systematically examined hiring as a ‘single’ HRM issue within privately owned Chinese KIFs. By synthesising Western and Chinese HRM literatures, this study developed an analytical framework to explore organisational and external factors that explain variations in KIFs’ hiring strategies and practices. The study conducted interviews with managers and HR workers in seven privately owned KIFs and one state-funded training school.Several case firms had implemented sophisticated strategies that linked hiring with business objectives. Managers and HR workers acquired HRM knowledge from several sources including the Internet and HRM texts, management consultancies, in-house training, the state’s HR qualification, and informal HR clubs. However, firm size and reputation, as well as managers’ tacit beliefs still limited some KIFs’ abilities to attract talented individuals. Firms generally used a wide range of inducements to attract knowledge workers, including competitive salaries, career development, and ‘paternalistic cultures’. Most participants perceived worker referrals, headhunting, and universities to be effective hiring sources. Thus, some firms had developed strategic hiring approaches that enabled them to compete with state-owned and foreign-invested firms. But small KIFs, in particular, must still strengthen their employer branding to offset competition and labour market ‘invisibility’. KIFs must also deliver on their employment inducements, lest they risk high turnover and a loss of valuable human and social capital.
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Santos, Ana Flávia Pereira dos. "Proposta de portal para melhoria da socialização do conhecimento científico das universidades públicas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8517.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
Although the evolution of knowledge and the transmission of a scientific culture in society are still under construction, the importance of disseminating science has become practically a consensus among researchers / scientists and knowledge production institutions. In this context, the potential of the Internet is the most promising way. Brazilian universities, especially the public ones, are the main responsible for scientific research in Brazil. They have been embracing the challenge of popularizing science and attracting the interest of new generations in scientific research, employing, in particular new tools offered by the global computer network. The present work sought to identify, through a qualitative, bibliographical and documentary research, the parameters that are being constructed in other higher education institutions, and specifically the needs that the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) presents in what concerns the socialization of scientific knowledge. By analyzing the research report and exploring the demands presented by the UFG, it was concluded that the Internet offers mechanisms for universities and science and technology centers to more widely disseminate knowledge. Therefore, the result of this work was to present a proposal of a portal model for improving the scientific knowledge socialization produced by UFG.
A importância de se fazer divulgação científica tornou-se praticamente um consenso entre pesquisadores/cientistas e as próprias instituições produtoras de conhecimento. Apesar dessa mudança na realidade brasileira dos últimos anos, os instrumentos mais adequados e capazes de impulsionar a socialização do saber científico e promover a formação de uma cultura científica na sociedade ainda estão em construção. Nesse contexto, as potencialidades da internet têm se mostrado o caminho mais promissor. As universidades, sobretudo as públicas, maiores responsáveis pela pesquisa científica no Brasil, vêm abraçando o desafio de popularizar a ciência e atrair o interesse de novas gerações para a pesquisa científica empregando, principalmente, novas ferramentas oferecidas pela rede mundial de computadores. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho buscou identificar, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental, os parâmetros que vêm sendo construídos em outras Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e as necessidades que a Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) apresenta no que diz respeito à socialização do conhecimento científico. A partir do diagnóstico realizado e das demandas apresentadas pela UFG, concluiu-se que a internet oferece mecanismos para que universidades e centros produtores de conhecimento científico façam melhor e mais ampla divulgação científica, atingido a população em geral. O resultado deste trabalho, então, foi a elaboração de uma proposta de Modelo de Portal para melhorar a socialização do conhecimento científico produzido pela UFG.
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Carpenter, Martin Richard John. "Cooperative team formation using distributed decomposition knowledge." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cooperative-team-formation-using-distributed-decomposition-knowledge(b54c0ec5-04ea-4eab-89fa-b38611ca5275).html.
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In recent years, the problem of automating the formation of Virtual Organisations (VO) has risen to prominence. Work in this area has typically considered the process of VO formation to be a centralised process driven by a company with responsibility for the business opportunity.Such systems use two main stages: first they decompose the business opportunity into a set of roles and then select suppliers for each role by matching their advertised capability against criteria supplied by the user. Both stages require that the company driving the VO formation process has access to considerable amounts of centralised knowledge.In contrast, this thesis considers virtual organisations as forming by combining the cooperative contributions within a group of organisations. It is shown that, within this context, both the knowledge required to facilitate and the control within the virtual organisation formation process are naturally distributed. In particular companies are free to vary their level of commitment to given projects and so only they have detailed knowledge of their capabilities. Supporting VO formation within this context requires a novel approach capable of utilising this distributed information. The primary contribution of this thesis is to provide such a novel approach to supporting virtual organisation formation. This approach builds on the traditions of blackboard and multi-agent systems. It allows virtual organisation formation to be driven by the accumulation of voluntary contributions from the prospective members of the virtual organisation. The principle focus of the system is on identifying candidate virtual organisations, and it does not offer automated support for such aspects as the creation of contracts. Crucially this system works with the distributed knowledge encountered in the chosen problem domain. The following technical contributions shape the general approach into a detailed system: (a) the representation of company's capabilities, (b) an algorithm for combining those capabilities and (c) mechanisms enabling intelligent agents representing the companies to produce candidate virtual organisations. The proposed system is evaluated in three ways - its technical feasibility is demonstrated through the implementation of a testbed prototype, a theoretical discussion of the systems performance is given and finally its potential benefits are shown in a reasoned case study.
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Abdelrahman, Mahmoud Mohamed. "Knowledge sharing by using knowledge management systems to support decision-making processes in multinational corporations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/knowledge-sharing-by-using-knowledge-management-systems-to-support-decisionmaking-processes-in-multinational-corporations(4caaefd4-66d6-492b-9ec5-6d7782cbfa4a).html.
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In the current global market, knowledge is viewed as a source of competitive advantage. In particular, it has become a crucial factor for Multinational Corporations (MNCs). MNCs are searching for appropriate ways to manage and use their knowledge effectively and efficiently. Their challenge is how to facilitate the sharing of knowledge and maximise the value from all available knowledge assets. In response to this, MNCs use Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) for sharing, utilising and integrating knowledge as well as supporting Decision-making Processes. Therefore, the primary concern of this research is to examine knowledge sharing by using KMSs to support decision-making processes in MNCs. The study extends the existing literature on KMSs, knowledge sharing, and decision-making processes by proposing and empirically testing a new conceptual model in MNCs. For this purpose, a mixed-methods approach has been designed, combining semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire to collect data from MNCs participants from Europe and the Middle-East. In the first phase of this study, 42 semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from 32 different MNCs in 12 countries to explore the main factors affecting knowledge sharing by using KMSs to support decision-making processes. A conceptual framework comprising four core dimensions was developed using thematic analysis. In the first dimension, Knowledge Management Systems, three themes were identified: technology acceptance, communication tools, and KMSs usage. In the second dimension, Knowledge Sharing Practices, the three themes were: content, willingness to share, and external factors. In Culture, the themes were: national culture, organisational culture, and information technology culture. In the fourth dimension, Decision-making Processes, extent of analysis and speed of decision-making were identified. This study went a step further than merely identifying the factors that affect KS. A conceptual model and twelve hypotheses were developed based on the findings of the thematic analysis, literature review, and the research objectives. The new model comprises seven constructs: organisational culture, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of using KMSs, KMSs usage, knowledge sharing, decision-making processes and organisational effectiveness. A survey was conducted to collect data on participants’ perceptions to test the model. Responses from 221 KMSs users were analysed. Structural equation modelling was conducted to test the hypothesised relationships. The results revealed that all hypotheses are statistically significant. KMSs usage and organisational culture have a positive and significant impact on knowledge sharing, with organisational culture having the largest impact. KMSs usage, knowledge sharing and organisational culture have a significant effect on decision-making processes; knowledge sharing has the biggest impact, followed by KMSs usage, and a marginally positive impact of organisational culture. Moreover, perceived ease of use has a strong and positive significant impact on the perceived usefulness of KMSs. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and organisational culture have a positive and significant effect on KMSs usage, with organisational culture having the largest impact. Finally, organisational culture, decision-making processes and perceived usefulness have a positive and significant impact on organisational effectiveness, but decision-making processes have the biggest impact. This study has practical implications for different stakeholders in MNCs, including managers, decision makers, KMSs designers, IT specialists, and consultants, in linking KMSs usage and knowledge sharing with decision-making processes and organisational effectiveness, and by focusing on organisational culture in knowledge management.
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Dawson, Neil Charlton. "Knowledge, power, identity : Palestinian intellectuals and the discourse of a one-state solution." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/knowledge-power-identity(24acb870-f194-4299-a543-1de35cefbeb6).html.
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This study examines the discourse of a one-state solution and the Palestinian intellectuals who produce it. It draws on Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory and uses a discourse analytic methodology to address the following questions. What is the function of the discourse of a one-state solution in Palestinian politics and why has it taken certain forms? Why do intellectuals intervene in political struggles, an intervention that in this instance has occurred at a transnational level? How is it that the contentious practice of these intellectuals remains largely abstract and not otherwise? And finally, what role can these intellectuals play in converting their critique into an actual generalised historical form? The central thesis of this study is that the discourse of a one-state solution is a competing vision of Palestinian social reality which opposes the dominant discourse in Palestinian politics and which incorporates the particular standpoints of those intellectuals who produce it. These intellectuals seek to impose this vision on the Palestinian political field through challenging the authority of established elites and so claiming a position of symbolic power for themselves. They do this primarily through claims to possess politically indispensable knowledge and through claims to be the legitimate spokespersons of the Palestinian people. The precise manner in which this bid for symbolic power is performed has effects that contingently deny the possibility of these intellectuals playing a political role beyond their present mode of engagement. This study contends that it is important politically to reflect on the limits of critical thought and knowledge production, though how one does this is problematised and taken as a starting point for future research on reflexive practice. In addition, this study suggests that different perspectives in a given social structure are necessary for the formation of a collective political subject.
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Weber, Claudiane. "PORTAL CORPORATIVO PARA GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: alinhando pessoas, informação e estratégia organizacional em uma instituição de ensino superior privada." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8142.
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This research proposed to investigate how to develop and implant a corporate portal to assist in knowledge management in a Private Institution of Higher Education, based on people, information and organizational strategy. Considering the peculiarities of the context and academic knowledge, more specifically, it referred to a proposal to build a conceptual model of corporate portal for knowledge management in the academic context, based on organizational knowledge of a Private Institution of Higher Education. The research of this dissertation, of qualitative and quantitative nature, is characterized
as a case study. The goals were achieved through a combination of two lines of action: the first related to the theoretical construction based on literature, and the second consists of a questionnaire applied to the technical-administrative employees of private
institution of higher education (IESP). Based on the methods employed, it was possible to: a. collect the informational and knowledge needs of the IESP employees; b. verify how information and knowledge are treated in the institution in order to be linked to the organizational strategy; c. study the types of existing portals; and d. study the information and knowledge management in private institutions of higher education . From these results it was possible to delineate a conceptual model of portal for the management of knowledge in its tacit and explicit part in the academic context.Esta pesquisa se propôs a investigar como desenvolver e implantar um portal corporativo para auxiliar na gestão do conhecimento em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Privada, com base em pessoas, informação e estratégia organizacional. Tendo em vista as peculiaridades do contexto e do conhecimento acadêmico, mais especificamente, referiu-se a uma proposta de construção de um modelo conceitual de portal corporativo para a gestão do conhecimento no contexto acadêmico, tendo por base o conhecimento organizacional de uma instituição de ensino superior privada. De natureza quali-quantitativa, a pesquisa desta dissertação caracteriza-se como estudo de caso. Os objetivos foram alcançados por meio da combinação de duas linhas de ação: a primeira relacionada à construção teórica realizada com base na literatura, e a segunda constituída de questionário, aplicado aos colaboradores técnico administrativos da instituição de ensino superior privada (IESP). Com base nos métodos empregados, foi possível: a. levantar as necessidades informacionais e de conhecimento dos colaboradores da IESP; b. verificar como a informação e conhecimento são tratados na instituição de forma a estar articulado à estratégia organizacional; c. estudar os tipos de portais existentes; e d. estudar a informação e a gestão do conhecimento em instituições de ensino superior privadas. A partir desses resultados, foi possível delinear um modelo conceitual de portal para a gestão do conhecimento em sua vertente tácita e explícita no contexto acadêmico.
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Liu, Zhitao. "Know-how signalling and transfer systems to support integrated supply chains." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/knowhow-signalling-and-transfer-systems-to-support-integrated-supply-chains(9d7f0a27-7cd9-457a-b3a2-d4bf6c228b65).html.
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The construction industry is the largest industry in the world and operates in knowledge-based project organisations. The success of projects relies on the management of both tacit and explicit knowledge. This situation calls for a method for disseminating tacit knowledge from individuals to achieve higher performance and success value in construction projects. For the purpose, this study first articulates the problems of knowledge management in the construction industry. Then, by reviewing some knowledge engineering and management literatures, this research sets a theoretical foundation of knowledge management in the construction industry. A questionnaire survey was used to investigate and examine the current situation of knowledge management in UK and China construction industry. The result of frequency analysis and nonparametric test analysis provides the perceptions on the importance of knowledge transfer, the implementation of knowledge transfer, the resources of knowledge, and barriers for tacit knowledge transfer. From the literature review, this study proposes a tacit knowledge transfer process framework (3I) and identifies a series of factors correlated with effectiveness of knowledge transfer. This thesis also identifies four main independent variables - organsiational culture, organizational structure, IT technology and No-IT technology, and investigates the relationship between organisational elements with these factors and the performance of knowledge transfer. The findings are based on three case studies and responses of questionnaire survey and interviews. The results reveal that there are significant relationships between some of the variables and either the creation of knowledge assets or performance of knowledge transfer. Therefore, it is necessary for construction organsiations to consider these elements in developing and implementing a knowledge management strategy/system in a construction organisation. This study proposes a practical methodology to transfer knowledge by using an integrated system (TKTMS). The TKTMS can be an effective tool for all project members to transfer tacit knowledge across firms' boundaries and accelerate the speed of knowledge creation, share and transfer in the construction industry. The integration of the function model (IDEF0) with the information model (IDEF1) is applied to understand the necessary function/information for consideration in the 3I model and implement TKTMS.
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Ahmed, Zinab Ali Aboulgasem. "English lexical collocation knowledge of Libyan university students." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/english-lexical-collocation-knowledge-of-libyan-university-students(39628868-c2a8-4855-9fcf-973751683516).html.
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One of the most challenging problems for EFL students is to be able to express themselves not just grammatically but also acceptably and naturally in English in appropriate contexts. The ability to produce acceptable and natural expressions in English is closely related to the EFL students' competence in collocation- which words go together in normal usage. This study therefore investigated Libyan EFL university students' lexical collocation use. It also aims to examine how learners' L1 (Arabic) influences their production of collocations. It analyzes their problems in the usage of six patterns of lexical collocations: verb+ noun. noun+ verb noun+ noun adjective+ noun verb +adverb adverb+ adjective. Participants of the present study were 185 Libyan university students majoring in English at the department of English language at Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi University. Data for the study was collected from a multiple-cho ice test consisted of 60 items and a translation task comprised of 28 items alongside a self- responding quest ionnaire. The data were examined and the results revealed that the informants' ability is lower than expected. The findings also showed that Libyan university students do have problems with English lexical collocations in both reception and production of all patterns of lex ical collocations. Results also indicated that learners' Ll and their amount of exposure to English had a strong influence on the learners' acquisition of English lexical collocations. The findings of this study have some immediate implications for both language learners and teachers of EFL/ESL as well as for writers of materials.
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Arafa, Emhemed Abou Baker. "The impact of knowledge management on project success." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-impact-of-knowledge-management-on-project-success(36bd4623-69e3-4eba-8d04-1e0575f2a022).html.
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The loss of experienced employees in project organisation leads to the loss of valuable knowledge and experience gained over many years. Knowledge management (KM) has the ability to challenge this situation. This research study is focused on the field of knowledge management in Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) type contracts in Libyan oil and gas industry projects. The research study aims to put forward guidance on how KM should be implemented in practice as a convincing case for the oil and gas construction industry. Adopting a practical «in project environment» KM scheme is a means of becoming more efficient, with greater ability to continuously learn and adapt in a dynamic mode. In Libya’s oil and gas industry, and in particular, in project development, there has been very little guidance on how KM should be implemented in practice. The existing available KM mostly takes the form of tacit knowledge and almost none was identified as explicit knowledge. Emergent in nature, the research work is comprised of three phases: initial interviews, case study «A», and case study «B». Each of the phases was combined with a review of relevant literature, primary research (including interviews, questionnaires, case studies and action research) and grounded theory in analytical processes. Phase (1) - Initial interviews were conducted with project managers and senior managers from three different oil and gas companies; many gaps were identified by investigating issues related to KM. It was evident that KM within the projects organisation was kept in tacit format by individuals. Phase (2) - Case study (A): Review and analysis of a KM implementation initiative made by a Project Manager (PM) with his team between 2006-2008, was found to be not successful and non-contributory in real-world terms, but in academic terms it gives an opportunity to identify and evaluate challenges to be faced in adopting a KM model in organisations. The role of the Projects Department emerged as essential in the articulation of KM between project and organisation. Phase (3) - Case study B: The researcher was involved through a live EPC project, making observations and organising interviews when necessary and analyse the created knowledge life cycle during the project. The research gives much attention to the phenomena of knowledge development during an EPC project; the knowledge created in any of the project phases will take a different shape due to the technical development of the project work from one phase to the next; as such, if the project is not tracked during its development, it will lose its context and dramatically decrease the effectiveness of its re-usability in subsequent project phases and new projects within the organisation. The added value of this research is the development of a practical organisational model for managing effectively the knowledge created during projects execution, based on an integrated, optimised, and suitable lessons learned tracking system.
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Najafi, Tavani Zhaleh. "Mediating effects in reverse knowledge transfer processes : the case of knowledge-intensive services in the U.K." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/mediating-effects-in-reverse-knowledge-transfer-processes-the-case-of-knowledgeintensive-services-in-the-uk(05716680-d748-498e-b464-cb3be9867e6d).html.
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Recent contributions highlight the importance of international knowledge transfer as a fundamental source of competitive advantage of MNCs. Due to the traditional assumption that parent firms are the prime source of knowledge, majority of studies have focused on knowledge transfer from headquarters to subsidiaries. However, the role of subsidiaries within MNCs has changed dramatically; many subsidiaries have gained a creative role by generating new resources depending on the comparative advantage of the location in which they operate, and through the process of reverse knowledge transfer, they subsequently contribute to the competence upgrading of the MNC. In reviewing the extant literature on MNC knowledge transfer and in particular reverse knowledge transfer, this research unleashes several gaps, notably in the understanding of factor affecting subsidiary knowledge development and reverse knowledge transfer within the service sector. Borrowing concepts from the knowledge-based and network views, a series of hypotheses were tested using the result of a web-based survey of the subsidiaries that were located in the UK, had a non-UK parent firm, and were active in the KIBS sector. Responses from 187 general managers, managing directors, or chief executives of subsidiaries confirm that those subsidiaries that develop and maintain business relationships with their internal (sister subsidiaries and headquarters) and external actors (customers, universities, suppliers, competitors) and have high level of autonomy are more capable of developing knowledge. With regards to determinants of reverse knowledge transfer, while subsidiary characteristics (knowledge development and willingness) and relationship characteristics (socialization mechanisms) are emerged as the main facilitators of reverse knowledge transfer, knowledge characteristics (tacitness and complexity) appeared as the main hindrances of this phenomenon. Moreover, the results indicate that, (a) socialisation mechanisms augment the extent of shared values and subsidiary-parent firm embeddedness and (b) willingness mediates the impacts of shared values and subsidiary-parent firm embeddedness on reverse knowledge transfer. The key contributions of this research are two-fold: firstly, it examines the process of reverse knowledge transfer and knowledge development exclusively within the KIBS sector. Secondly, it investigates the joint impacts of relationship characteristics, knowledge characteristics, and subsidiary (sender) characteristicson reverse knowledge transfer.
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Peters, Uwe. "How opacity spawns transparency : a theory of self-knowledge of beliefs." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/how-opacity-spawns-transparency(34524faa-c264-4e31-bc48-7ae5c2a2e387).html.
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This thesis develops a theory of self-knowledge of beliefs that suggests that when the same resources employed to identify other people’s beliefs are applied to oneself then non-interpretive and non-inferential self-knowledge of beliefs results. Like many other accounts, the proposal is based on the transparency of beliefs, i.e. the phenomenon that we can determine whether we believe p by determining whether p. However, it is superior to extant accounts of this kind because it makes the transparency of beliefs intelligible without presupposing any representation of one’s own mind. The account does so by proposing that the transparency of beliefs relies on a combination of practical and theoretical reasoning that, as soon as it has been executed once, remains subsequently implicit or unarticulated in the transition from the result of one’s determining whether p to one’s self-ascription of a belief about p. The transition at issue then leads to non-inferential self-knowledge. I argue that this account of selfknowledge, the implicit dual-reasoning (IDR) theory, is not threatened by the psychological data often taken to undermine the existence of non-interpretive and noninferential self-knowledge of attitudes and can be integrated with a well-supported interpretation-based account of self-knowledge of attitudes in general. On the resulting hybrid view, self-knowledge of attitudes is typically interpretive but beliefs retrievable in conscious thinking remain knowable non-inferentially. Toward the end, I supplement this view with an account of the function of self-knowledge of beliefs. The overall theory of self-knowledge that emerges from the thesis supports a hitherto unexplored picture of the relation between the nature of self-knowledge of beliefs and the nature of other-knowledge of them. It suggests that the existence of transparency-based, noninferential self-knowledge of beliefs is grounded in the prima facie entirely unrelated fact that other people’s beliefs are opaque, i.e. only interpretively accessible, to us.
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Mayberry, Emily Jane. "Exploring conceptual knowledge and name relearning in semantic dementia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-conceptual-knowledge-and-name-relearning-in-semantic-dementia(f82024ef-eb65-48b3-93b7-da4f13662315).html.
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This thesis investigated the role of the anterior temporal lobes (ATLs) in conceptual knowledge and name relearning by studying people with semantic dementia (SD). People with SD have atrophy focussed on the ATLs and they exhibit a pan-modal semantic impairment (e.g., Hodges, Patterson, Oxbury, & Funnell, 1992). Recent evidence suggests that modality-invariant concept representations are built up in the ATLs and that these modality-invariant representations are crucial for abstracting away from the surface features of items in order to generalise conceptual information based on their core semantic similarity (e.g., Lambon Ralph & Patterson, 2008). In order to test this, two of the studies described in this thesis (Chapters 2 and 3) assessed semantic generalisation in people with SD. These studies showed that people with SD are less able to generalise conceptual information on the basis of the deeper semantic structure of concepts but instead are increasingly influenced by the superficial similarity of the items. These studies support the hypothesis that the modality-invariant representations formed in the ATLs are crucial for semantic-based generalisation. Previous SD relearning studies have reported relatively good learning but a lack of generalisation to untrained items, tasks, and/or contexts (i.e., under-generalisation). This has been interpreted based on the Complementary Learning Systems (CLS) (McClelland, McNaughton, & O'Reilly, 1995) to suggest that the neocortical semantic system no longer makes a meaningful contribution to relearning but instead relearning is primarily dependent upon the sparse representational medial temporal lobe (MTL) learning system. The studies described in two of the thesis chapters (Chapters 4 and 5) investigated the role of the underlying systems further and found that the neocortical semantic system does still contribute to relearning in SD (although its contribution is disordered and based on the degraded concept representations in the ATL) but there is a shift in the division of labour such that the MTL system takes over more of the work. Finally, in order to clarify the outcomes of relearning in SD, Chapter 6 reviewed all of the previous SD relearning studies and confirmed that people with SD are able to relearn the specific information that they study but that this relearning is rigid. The review and a subsequent re-analysis of the data from Chapters 4 and 5 also showed that relearning in SD can have negative side-effects as well as positive effects.
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Amir, Rafat Bahajet. "Harnessing knowledge management to improve performance within Saudi organisations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/harnessing-knowledge-management-to-improve-performance-within-saudi-organisations(e036d583-60e1-48dd-9df9-178f50242eaa).html.
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The key to understanding the development of competitive advantage is to understand knowledge and how it is managed and shared. Organisations not only need to understand comprehensively the concept of knowledge in order to manage it effectively, but also to create and maintain competitive advantages, especially as the business environment has become increasingly competitive in recent years. The aim of this study is to understand how the knowledge management (KM) concept can be harnessed as a vital factor in the enhancement of productivity, performance and the competitiveness of organisations. Therefore, grounded theory strategy has been used, providing in-depth information relevant to KM implementation. Data were collected from face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 24 top managers from 19 different top-ranking companies operating in Saudi Arabia. As a result of constant comparative analysis of the collected data, five major categories emerged: barriers to KM; organisational learning (OL); means of communication; critical successful factors (CSFs); and impacts of KM on organisational performance (OP). The most common barrier to knowledge sharing is the unwillingness of employees to participate and share their knowledge. Moreover, OL is very important. It is considered to be the main goal of KM and it helps organisations to sustain a competitive advantage and improve employees’ performance and efficiency by encouraging them to learn and share knowledge through the creation of a good learning environment. A well-structured communication system is also a crucial factor for KM success because its role is to ensure and facilitate the passing of knowledge to the appropriate people. Furthermore, there are 14 factors that are very important to the successful implementation of KM and these positively influence employees’ willingness to share knowledge. The study found that the most important factor influencing the success of KM implementation is the employees’ willingness to participate in KM activities and share their knowledge. This implies that organisations that want to be knowledge-based by implementing KM activities need to improve the willingness of employees to participate in the project, otherwise it will fail. Therefore, the researcher has labelled this category ‘employees’ willingness’ and has selected it as a core category. The comparative analysis between knowledge-based and non-knowledge-based organisational performance is presented in this study in order to determine how KM enhances productivity, performance and competitiveness. Therefore, the theoretical and practical contribution was discussed, as well as the findings. The theoretical model illustrates how employees’ willingness can be influenced by the other categories. A theoretical contribution of the model is the determination of the reasons for employees in knowledge-based organisations being more interactive and participating in KM activities by analysing the barriers that impede the adoption of KM activities and, especially, knowledge-sharing activities between employees, as well as the factors that aid the adoption of knowledge-sharing activities. This aided the researcher to determine the conditions that influence employees to share more, or less. The researcher concludes that highlighting the human side of the KM perspective is another of the research’s contribution to knowledge, achieved by covering the current lack of existing empirical studies in the field. Furthermore, the main practical contribution of this study is the presentation of a framework model that demonstrates the process for effective KM implementation. This model is considered to be a summary of the experiences of the organisations participating in this research.
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Hampel, Mathis. "Climate reconstruction and the making of authoritative scientific knowledge." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/climate-reconstruction-and-the-making-of-authoritative-scientific-knowledge(f8b53f44-73ab-4349-84d2-3b0957c53b6d).html.
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Because the authority of science is thought to legitimise governmental regulations to restrict the emission of so-called greenhouse gases (GHGs), in this thesis I study the making of authoritative scientific knowledge through the lens of a controversy about climate reconstruction. While controversies in climate science are typically explained with vested interests that have turned an innocent form of knowledge into the victim of the political opponent’s misuse, I draw on insights from science studies to illuminate a more nuanced and symmetrical critique on climate science, the theory of anthropogenic global warming (AGW) and climate reconstruction in particular. To that end the thesis focuses on three interconnected ideas which dominate the controversy: the idea of an objective scientific method, which places emphasis on the empirical testing of theory, the idea of an unbiased expert, which shifts my analytical focus onto norms and markers of expertise, and the overarching idea of science legitimising political programmes of action, which all of the protagonists subscribe to. First, climate reconstruction promises to be an empirical test for the scientific theory of AGW, but in the controversy over an iconic reconstruction so-called climate sceptics accuse scientists of having violated the scientific method. Second, in public investigations examining these allegations, the scientists and their critics draw on scientific norms to contest respective claims to expertise. Third, in consequence of these inquiries and the so-called ‘Climategate’ affair, which corroborated the critics, independent scientists re-analyse climate reconstruction: if climate science legitimises policies aiming at the restriction of GHG emissions, its authority qua science will have to be re-established. This dependence on science in difficult political decision-making puts a heavy burden on the former and obstructs the latter, and it characterises the climate change debate in the United States. Further research on the role of science in the politics of climate change would benefit from taking more explicitly political cultures into account.
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Redha, Afrah N. "Immigrant Arab women : knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards breast cancer and cancer awareness practice." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/immigrant-arab-women(caba81d9-56e3-4d32-b288-2ca93f370beb).html.
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Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women of all ethnic groups. Breast cancer awareness reduces mortality and improves survival rates, but low levels of awareness have been attributed to various factors. To date, little is known about what factors influence breast cancer awareness among immigrant Arab women in the UK. The aim of this research was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to breast cancer awareness practices with Arab women living in England. Methodology: A qualitatively driven mixed methods approach was adopted. The first phase used semi-structured one-to-one interviews with 10 women. The second phase comprised two focus groups with 34 women from Portsmouth and London. A quantitative approach using the Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement questionnaire was also administered to describe first and second generation women’s knowledge, perceived risk factors and barriers to seeking medical help, compare and contrast data from these two paradigms. Findings: A lack of knowledge about breast cancer awareness, among Arab women of both generations, was evident across two phases. Revealing that socio-cultural, religious beliefs and health services barriers play an important role in shaping Arab women’s experiences and practices. Comparisons across generations showed trends towards increased knowledge for second generation women, but the findings were not statistically significant except anticipated delay in seeking help (p < 0.001). The second phase, focus group discussions, revealed both strengths and weakness of current breast cancer educational leaflets with suggestions to improve format, layout, content and availability. The qualitative data provided contextual data on additional barriers which were, not revealed in the B-Cam measurements and descriptors. Conclusion: Low levels of knowledge and lack of confidence among Arab women indicate a strong need to increase relevant breast cancer awareness such as mass media and community health campaigns, together with an enhanced participation of health care providers.
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Pina, Katia Oliveira. "Into the black box of Knowledge Intensive Business Services : understanding the knowledge bases, innovation and competitiveness of KIBS." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/into-the-black-box-of-knowledge-intensive-business-services-understanding-the-knowledge-bases-innovation-and-competitiveness-of-kibs(6e9139fc-5a82-4378-88bd-5712d2aeef5b).html.
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This dissertation focuses on Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS). It aims to understand what these businesses are and to examine variety among them. In seeking to understand their diversity, I focus especially on the ‘knowledge bases’ at the core of their activities. The dissertation is based on three complementary studies. The first is a systematic review of the literature on KIBS. This is based primarily on a review of 130 carefully selected, relevant articles, and focuses on three questions: how are KIBS defined? how do KIBS compete? and how do KIBS innovate? The review shows that: (i) the literature is fragmented; most research does not build substantially on previous methods or findings; and (ii) while evidently heterogeneous, most of the literature has overlooked variety among KIBS. I also highlight what still needs to be known about KIBS.The second and third papers then focus on variety among KIBS, by classifying them according to their ‘knowledge bases’. In the first of these papers, I classify KIBS according to their primary knowledge bases, following the SAS Model, which identifies three: ‘analytical knowledge’, ‘synthetic knowledge’ and ‘symbolic knowledge’. Firms in three KIBS sectors: ‘architecture and engineering consultancy’; ‘specialist design’; and ‘computer and IT services’ are classified by their primary knowledge base according to information drawn from company websites. I then relate this classification to firm behaviour with respect to innovation, finding differences by primary knowledge base in the nature of the investments firms make to innovate, and in their propensities to innovate. In the second of the papers which relates ‘knowledge bases’ to KIBS, I develop the ‘knowledge bases’ approach conceptually, methodologically and empirically. Conceptually, I identify a hitherto unrecognised knowledge base: ‘compliance knowledge’. This relates to the knowledge of, and to interpretations of, laws and regulations. This knowledge base does not fit with any of the existing SAS types. Methodologically, I extract fuller information from company websites, and develop more sophisticated approaches to measurement, which allows multiple knowledge bases to be present in any one firm. Empirically, I successfully identify ‘compliance knowledge’, alongside ‘analytical’ and ‘symbolic knowledge’. I show that these are unevenly distributed across KIBS industries, including ‘advertising and design’, ‘architecture’, ‘engineering consultancy’ and ‘market research’, but importantly there is no one-to-one mapping between knowledge bases and industries. I discuss the implications of this, including for understanding the diversification of KIBS. This dissertation therefore contributes conceptually, methodologically and empirically to both understanding variety among KIBS and to the ‘knowledge bases’ literature.
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Brown, Laura. "The self and self-knowledge after frontal lobe neurosurgical lesions." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-self-and-selfknowledge-after-frontal-lobe-neurosurgical-lesions(2fc71590-42c1-4b44-b834-7b3b4d6e7752).html.
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Background: Measurement of awareness plays an important role in adjustment following a brain injury and is noted to impact on engagement with and outcome of rehabilitation. Aim: To systematically review all instruments used to assess intellectual awareness of deficits following TBI and evaluate study design, instrument properties and methods adopted and explore associated factors. Results: Thirty-four studies, all rated as fair to good quality, were identified and within these twenty-three different assessment tools were adopted. The most common method of assessment was patient-proxy discrepancy with the AQ, PCRS and FrSBe instruments being most frequently employed. However, variability was noted regarding the type of assessment method dependent on various sample demographics (e.g. age of sample) and injury characteristics (e.g. time post injury). Exploration of the association between non-cognitive factors and awareness was more common than cognitive factors and awareness. Cognitive functioning appeared to be worse when there was increased unawareness. By comparison greater variation was found in non-cognitive associates. Conclusions: The findings reveal that there still lacks a consensus about the preferred instrument to assess intellectual awareness of deficits after TBI specifically. Recommendations for future research to aid comparability across studies and continued tool development ideas are discussed.
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Walker, Daniel Harmen. "A knowledge-based systems approach to agroforestry research and extension." Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-knowledgebased-systems-approach-to-agroforestry-research-and-extension(01899f22-8cf4-42be-897e-00e904d186f3).html.
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Agroforestry development programmes frequently rely on knowledge from a number of different sources. In particular, there is a growing recognition amongst development professionals of the value of augmenting partial scientific and professional understanding with the detailed knowledge held by local people. Taking advantage of the complementarity of local, scientific and professional knowledge demands the development of effective mechanisms for accessing, recording and evaluating knowledge on specified topics from each of these sources. The research described in this thesis developed a methodology for the acquisition, synthesis and storage of knowledge. The defining feature of the approach is the explicit representation of knowledge. This is achieved through the application of knowledge-based systems techniques. AKT2 (Agroforestry Knowledge Toolkit), a software toolkit developed in Prolog, an artificial intelligence programming language, provides the user with an environment for the creation, storage and exploration of large knowledge bases containing knowledge on a specified topic from a range of sources. The use of diagramming techniques, familiar to ecologists and resource managers through systems analysis, provides an intuitive and robust interface. This knowledge-based system drives incremental knowledge acquisition based on an iterative evaluation of the knowledge bases created. The iterative approach to knowledge acquisition provides a coherent, consistent and comprehensive, and therefore more useful, record of knowledge. Once created, knowledge bases can be maintained and updated as a record of current knowledge. Techniques for the exploration and evaluation of the knowledge base may be useful in : " giving research and extension staff access to a concise and flexible record of the current state of knowledge; " providing a resource and mechanisms for use in planning and prioritising research objectives; and " providing a resource and mechanisms for the generation of extension materials tailored to the needs of particular clients.
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Cavalcanti, Fernanda Carvalho. "Questões de gênero na Educação Infantil: um estado do conhecimento de teses e dissertações identificadas no portal da CAPES no período de 2001 a 2015." Faculdade de Educação, 2018. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/25579.
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Financiamento parcial da CAPES.
Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a produção acadêmica sobre as questões de gênero na Educação Infantil, no período de 2001 a 2015. Para tanto, com base nos relatórios de pesquisa disponíveis no banco de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) foram selecionados 42 trabalhos sobre a referida temática – 11 teses e 31 dissertações – os quais foram categorizados em cinco tipos: i) gênero e as representações e discursos de professores do sexo masculino e feminino na Educação Infantil; ii) gênero e o professor homem na Educação Infantil; iii) gênero e a educação de crianças pequenas; iv) gênero associado ao embelezamento na Educação Infantil e; v) questões de gênero em obras literárias. A análise desses materiais abordou os seguintes critérios: i) frequência da produção por ano, ii) autoria e filiação institucional, iii) localização geográfica em que os autores estavam vinculados, iv) distribuição da produção por área do conhecimento e v) enfoque metodológico. Os dados foram analisados à luz da Sociologia da Infância. Observou-se que as publicações não apresentam regularidade e que, predominantemente, os autores são do sexo feminino, estando vinculados as instituições de ensino superior das regiões Sul e Sudeste do país. As análises indicam escassez de pesquisas sobre a temática além da necessidade de um olhar mais acurado para a formação de professores, assim como a formulação de políticas públicas para a superação da desigualdade e estereótipos de gênero, em todas as relações que se estabelecem no âmbito da Educação Infantil.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the academic work on gender issues in early childhood education from 2001 to 2015. To do so, on the basis of research reports available on the bank of theses and dissertations of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) were selected 42 works on this theme – 11 theses and dissertations-31 which were categorized in five types: i) gender and representations and discourses of male and female teachers in early childhood education; II) gender and professor man in early childhood education; III) gender and the education of young children; IV) genre associated with the Child's education and beautification; v) gender issues in literary works. The analysis of these materials addressed the following criteria: I) frequency of production per year, ii) and institutional affiliation, iii) geographic location in which the authors were linked, iv) production distribution per area of knowledge and v) methodological approach. The data were analysed in the light of the Sociology of childhood. It was observed that the publications don't feature regularly and who, predominantly, the authors are women, being linked to higher education institutions of the South and Southeast of the country. The analyses indicate a lack of research on the subject in addition to the need for a more accurate look for teacher training, as well as the formulation of public policies for overcoming inequality and gender stereotypes in all relations that are established in the Children's education.
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Katerinchuk, Valeri. "Heuristic multicast routing algorithms in WSNs with incomplete network knowledge." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/heuristic-multicast-routing-algorithms-in-wsns-with-incomplete-network-knowledge(91a1331e-b2ef-40ba-91f6-7eb03e6296cb).html.
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Tarasov, Leonid. "The semantics of knowledge attributions : a defence of moderate invariantism." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-semantics-of-knowledge-attributions-a-defence-of-moderate-invariantism(62e1dbc7-ca97-4b0e-bbd7-0b0f7f5df6c2).html.
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This work has four aims: (i) to provide an overview of the current debate about the semantics of knowledge attributions, i.e. sentences of the form ⌜S knows that Φ⌝; (ii) to ground the debate in a single semantic-pragmatic framework; (iii) to identify a methodology for describing the semantics of knowledge attributions; (iv) to go some way towards describing the semantics of knowledge attributions in light of this methodology, and in particular to defend moderate invariantist semantics against its main current rivals. Aims (i) and (ii) are largely clarificatory; in §1 I set out a single semantic-pragmatic framework and over the course of this work show that it can be modified to explain and distinguish the various theories of the semantics of knowledge attributions currently on offer. Aim (iii) is also met in §1. I argue that a theory of the semantics of knowledge attributions T must be able to account for at least some ordinary speakers’ intuitions about the felicity or infelicity of utterances of the sentence ⌜S knows that Φ⌝ (felicity intuitions) purely in terms of its semantics. I also identify a number of theoretical considerations about knowledge and argue that if T conflicts with any one of these considerations, we should presume that T is false. Aim (iv) is met over the course of this work. According to moderate invariantism ⌜S knows that Φ⌝ is true if and only if S confidently believes the proposition expressed by , this proposition is true and S’s epistemic position with respect to this proposition meets a moderately high epistemic standard. In §§2 – 5 I argue that the main current rivals to moderate invariantism – attributor contextualism, contrastivism, subject-sensitive invariantism and assessor relativism – conflict with at least one of the theoretical considerations identified in §1. In §6 I argue that moderate invariantism accounts for some ordinary speakers’ felicity intuitions purely in terms of the semantics of ⌜S knows that Φ⌝; I also argue that it is consistent with all of the theoretical considerations identified in §1. Moreover, in §§2 – 6 I argue that no theory is capable of accounting for all felicity intuitions purely in terms of the semantics of ⌜S knows that Φ⌝, and that only moderate invariantism can successfully explain why speakers have all of these intuitions. In §7 I conclude that moderate invariantism correctly describes of the semantics of knowledge attributions, or at least does so better than its main current rivals.
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Aitken, Andrew Peter. "Advances in magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction methods incorporating prior knowledge." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/advances-in-magnetic-resonance-imaging-reconstruction-methods-incorporating-prior-knowledge(3a2c5c17-f04e-47e5-a054-d3305aba3e37).html.
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In magnetic resonance (MR) imaging it is usually assumed that the acquired data represent samples of the Fourier transform of the object. However, there are many cases where this assumption is violated due to system imperfections, subject motion and deliberate undersampling in an effort to reduce scan times. This can lead to artefacts in the reconstructed images. In this thesis two emerging clinical applications of MRI are considered: hybrid PET-MR imaging and coronary MR angiography (CMRA). Factors giving rise to substantial deviations from the basic Fourier model in these cases are described and methods to reduce artefacts by incorporating additional information into the reconstruction are presented. This information is either in the form of additional measurements, or as sparsity priors. Two major limitations of current techniques for PET attenuation correction using ultrashort echo-time MRI are addressed: Artefacts due to eddy currents and prohibitively long scan times. To account for eddy currents the use of a magnetic field camera to measure the true k-space trajectories is proposed. The method is demonstrated in numerical and tissue phantoms and in vivo cranial imaging of healthy volunteers. Parallel imaging and compressed sensing are then explored to accelerate the acquisition. A method to improve motion correction for CMRA is also proposed based on a novel image navigation scheme. This method uses a golden radial trajectory, which provides both high-temporal-resolution translational and low-temporalresolution affine motion estimates from the same navigator data. The approach is demonstrated in healthy volunteers, leading to improved depiction of the coronary arteries compared to when correcting only for translational motion. Furthermore, the proposed method gives rise to a predictable and reduced scan time compared to a gated diaphragmatic navigator scan, while maintaining a high image quality. The advances in the reconstruction that are proposed in this thesis help to tackle some of the major problems with UTE-based attenuation correction for PET and with CMRA. The proposed methods help to bring these emerging applications of MRI towards routine clinical practice.
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Gray, Claire Helen. "Living with rheumatoid arthritis : The role of coping, control and knowledge." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/living-with-rheumatoid-arthritis--the-coping-control-and-knowledge(318f4184-5a1d-4991-a7f3-25868b5dfc57).html.
Full textAbstract:
This study was designed to investigate psychological factors involved in the adjustment to Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). In particular, the study examined perceptions of control over daily symptoms, knowledge of RA and the use of coping strategies, and looked at how these factors related to emotional adjustment, clinical disease activity and subjective physical functioning in RA outpatients. The study also aimed to determine aspects of RA which patients perceived as most stressful. The main study was cross-sectional and designed in two parts. The first part was a quantitative design in which 50 participants completed questionnaires to assess perceptions of RA stressors; health locus of control beliefs over RA symptoms; levels of RA-related knowledge; coping strategies used; emotional adjustment and physical functioning. An objective measure of disease activity was also taken. The second part was a qualitative design consisting of semi-structured interviews with 14 participants, exploring perceptions of stress, control, knowledge, coping and adjustment. Quantitative data were statistically analysed and compared with previous research findings. Qualitative data were transcribed into predefined themes and compared with the quantitative data. Results showed that participants consistently rated fatigue and disability as the most stressful aspects of RA. Participants reported more symptoms of anxiety than depression and used a wide range of coping strategies. Quantitative data suggested that participants perceived high levels of chance control over their daily RA symptoms, however, qualitative findings did not support this view. Participants knew most about RA-related issues that were directly relevant to them. Significant associations were found between coping strategies and psychological outcome, particularly for positive affect. Associations were also found between maladaptive coping and positive physical adjustment and between adaptive coping and negative physical adjustment. Adaptive coping strategies were associated with `internal' and `doctor' locus of control and increased knowledge. Few associations were found between outcome and either control or knowledge. Regression analyses found coping strategies to account for some of the variance in outcome variables, particularly positive affect. The implications for clinical practice were considered. Methodological limitations of the study and implications for future research were also discussed.
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Thomas, Adrian Peter. "Calcutta Botanic Garden : knowledge formation and the expectations of botany in a colonial context, 1833-1914." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/calcutta-botanic-garden(aaa00d1d-17a2-47dc-be76-a51ee6cf5be2).html.
Full textAbstract:
Calcutta Botanic Garden was founded in 1786 to acclimatise economic plants, but it quickly became the main institutional base for scientific botany in colonial India. However, it had to make a new start in 1833 after the Garden superintendent, Nathaniel Wallich, distributed its herbarium to botanists in Europe. The thesis shows how the revival of the scientific project to investigate and catalogue the south Asian flora was the main priority for Wallich’s successors, but depended on successful negotiation with the government. The central theme of the thesis is the tension between scientists, intent on their research, and sponsors, who need to demonstrate practical outcomes. It breaks new ground by focussing on how these issues were debated and resolved within a particular colonial scientific institution. It argues that the Garden was able to attract the resources it needed for its scientific work by responding appropriately to government pressures: although its achievements in economic botany were limited, it successfully highlighted them, regularly citing the introduction of tea and cinchona; it reinforced its case by managing its site in ways that reassured the government. The thesis also adds to our understanding of centre-periphery relationships. It argues that the Garden’s role as an important nodal point in the global botanic network was key to achieving its objectives. It shows how the Garden was strengthened by its mutually supportive relationship with Kew Gardens, based on the close bonds that botanists formed with each other. The thesis concludes by showing how, despite the Garden’s achievements, the government gradually lost faith in the ability of botany to contribute to economic progress in India; in the twentieth century it increasingly turned to more specialist disciplines and institutions. The thesis therefore suggests that further studies of scientific institutions would enhance our understanding of how science continued to support and validate imperial rule.
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Kelly, Catherine. "Virtuous speaking and knowledge sharing in group dialogue : a framework for analysis." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2017. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/Virtuous-Speaking-and-Knowledge-Sharing-in-Group-Dialogue(09560f57-72ea-4390-a1cb-a319f24b322b).html.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of sharing knowledge and creating shared understandings in group settings is well known and has been the subject of study from many angles including management, psychology and epistemology. Each of these disciplines has complex constructs to approach the problem and theoretical recommendations on idealised forms of group interaction which can result in more balanced knowledge sharing. Few of these approaches have been tested in real world group interactions, let alone in groups which are adversarial by nature. The objective of this thesis is to provide a framework for investigating particular theoretical concepts in real world group dialogue which is adversarial in order to assess their impact on the problem of knowledge sharing. The development of the conceptual and analytic framework is a central part of this thesis. It is based on understandings developed within virtue epistemology and dialogical theory (Bakthin, 1986, 1984, 1981). Drawing on Fricker's (2007) notion of a 'virtuous hearer', the analogous concept of the 'virtuous speaker' is postulated, a person who exhibits speech practices which facilitate the emergence of joint understanding. How these speech practices may manifest themselves are investigated in actual adversarial speech episodes, and explored from both a Bakhtinian and a virtue perspective. Speech is tagged first of all with monological/dialogicial linguistic markers, then the key utterances are identified which lie on the critical path to joint understandings. These utterances in turn are tagged with virtue markers. The Excel tool capturing all this data is then used to visualise patterns of speech using a Bakhtinian lens and an intellectual virtue lens. Both categorisation schemes are applied separately and then combined in order to isolate the speaking practices of a virtuous speaker. The analysis revealed that the majority of speech episodes were dialogical overall. However, the speech practices were primarily monological along the critical path to joint understanding. There appeared to be no correlation between the overarching classification of the speech episode and the particular classification along the critical path. This was surprising, as the theoretical literature suggests that joint understandings are more likely to emerge from dialogical forms of interaction.