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Johnson, Lisa. "Power, Knowledge, Animals." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/479.
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Although Foucault did not address the question of the animal, he asserted the assessment of whether a new politics of truth can be constituted as "the essential political problem" (1980, p. 134). Though the "essential political problem" may be considered as it relates to the politics of truth about animals, a Foucaultian perspective does not allow a prediction in response, other than the recognition that change may occur. What is understood to be "true" about animals may change if the relationships between events that exist at a given time ("conditions") require the emergence of a different way of knowing. This Foucaultian critique of thought about animals examines "truth" about animals as an historical contingency, variable according to the conditions that have allowed its production. This project contributes to the development of a theoretical context of the politics of truth about animals. The politics of truth about animals is understood to be the push and pull of knowledge generated and perpetuated about them, together with concurrent power apparatuses in support of that knowledge as well as the ever present resistance to that power. By applying and extending Foucault's theory of power -that is, that knowledge is a carrier of power, power is a perpetuator of knowledge, and all power relations have resistances - this work employs Foucault's archaeological method to uncover dominant and subjugated discourses about animals and to describe power-knowledge associated with statements about animals that are understood to convey true things. This project describes the changeable nature of "truth" about animals and, necessarily, the politics of it, since the politics of truth is understood to be propelled by whichever knowledge and associated power are then dominant. Statements in "error" are also examined as resistance to power-knowledge about animals. The project describes subjugated discourses about animals that have been understood in various times and places to have truth-telling powers or, at least, to have been understood as "error," which provided points of resistance to the dominant discourse. It describes the partial derivation of discourse about animals by examining dominant discourses (e.g., the discourse of law and the discourse of lines) and subjugated discourses (e.g., animals are not personal property, karmic discourse, transmigration of souls discourse, rational animal discourse). Additionally, it describes like disperse statements among different referents (i.e., slave, animal, woman) that comprise various discursive formations that have been understood at various times to have truth-telling power about different referents. Subjugated discourse sometimes emerges as new "truth," though no such prediction can be made. To illustrate the point, the project describes the emergence of the new academic field related to the question of the animal, which resurrects or draws from some subjugated discourse (e.g., animals are not personal property).
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Lanteigne, Marc. "Doorways and mirrors Chinese power and international institutions /." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/57360569.html.
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Lima, A. F. O. "Intellectuals, knowledge and power." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637920.
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Through an analysis of three different periods in Brazilian history and a study of discourse and knowledge production in the field of education, the thesis aims to disclose the relationship between produced knowledge and the implementation of effective change in the Brazilian education system. Firstly, using the work of Gramsci, Foucault and Bauman, the thesis examines the concept of intellectuals in order to grasp the functions and roles played by intellectuals in different historical and social contexts. In addition, discourse analysis is used as a reference to understand the net of knowledge-power production and its relation with three loci or systems: academia, civil society and the state. These two elements constitute the theoretical support for undertaking the historical analysis in the thesis. Secondly, with specific reference to education, the thesis proceeds to a historical study of intellectuals in Brazil, showing how the colonial and neo-colonial structures based on the dominance of the European and US metropolis have left a deep mark on national consciousness. It argues that intellectuals were not only formed in Europe and the United States of America, but also that their knowledge production is undertaken within a paradigm constituted by exogenous models. Consequently, intellectuals of education, in particular, are not aware of the requirement for a suitable re-interpretation of theories in order to meet Brazilian social and educational needs. Thirdly, the thesis shows how educators are grounded in this circle of reproduction of exogenous models and how their subordination to them has increased, without ever managing to take into account Brazilian cultural reality. One example used, the subordination to models from the USA, shows how this has been increasing quickly since the 1960s, leading to almost the totality of national investment in post graduate studies being made in US universities. Finally, the thesis investigates three different historical periods in Brazil during the 20th century to disclose the visible and the invisible discourse of Brazilian educational thought and how the structures and mechanisms of power are organized in Brazilian society. These structures of power and knowledge have led to a dramatic situation in the Brazilian educational system which can, still, be ranked among the poorer countries of the world, in spite of having a relatively advanced economy. The thesis argues that the ideas produced by the educational intellectual establishment do not get into practice largely because they do not achieve answers to Brazilian needs or have a specifically Brazilian cultural identification.
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Sartor, Enrico <1971>. "Soft power and internationalisation: the role of higher education promotion agencies." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17366.
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In che misura l'istruzione rappresenta una componente rilevante dell'arsenale di soft power di un Paese? In che modo l'istruzione internazionale si collega alla politica internazionale, e quanto sono importanti le agenzie controllate dallo Stato nella promozione internazionale dei progetti culturali di un paese?
Questo lavoro mira a mettere in evidenza i solidi, anche se raramente percepiti come importanti, legami tra soft power e istruzione universitaria internazionale, non da ultimo come fonte di ricchezza per i Paesi che promuovono tali pratiche. In questo senso, sottolineare il ruolo sempre più rilevante delle agenzie di promozione finanziate dallo Stato può rappresentare una comprensione approfondita di come gli Stati percepiscono la questione.
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Mannie, Avain. "Critical factors for enabling knowledge sharing between government agencies within South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019699.
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Globally, organisations have recognised the strategic importance of knowledge management (KM) and are increasingly focusing their efforts on practices to foster the creation, sharing and integration of knowledge. Whilst most research in Knowledge Management (KM) has focused on the private sector, there is a breadth of potential applications of KM theory and practice for government agencies to adopt in search of resolving pertinent problems. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the effectiveness of knowledge management towards collaborative problem solving in government. What is missing is research-based evidence of the factors that influence the main factors for knowledge sharing across government agencies. Given this gap, the researcher addresses the research question: In government agencies mandated to resolve issues of crime, what are the key factors required which support and influence the collaborative sharing culture? Upon analysing the data, the researcher found the following key factors as being determinants on knowledge management: organisational culture, learning organisation, collaboration, subject matter experts and trust. The two factors – organisational culture and learning organisation were identified as the most significant factors which lay as the root or core for the ‘knowledge tree’. Once these roots are in place, the other factors will gain their significance on knowledge management. These findings serve to extend the findings of the existing literature within the government sector. This study is important because the findings provide government agencies with critically important information to guide their actions towards ensuring a knowledge sharing culture is embedded in government. Whilst the empirical findings do not focus on databases or information technology specifically, it is important to acknowledge the use of both technology and people. The main concern is with managing an organisation’s knowledge assets: creating, storing, protecting, disseminating and using mission-critical knowledge. When people need knowledge, is it the right knowledge and is it timely and easy to locate and access? Is this precious commodity updated as learning occurs and better ways of doing things are discovered? The awareness of the value of knowledge to a business, coupled with its leadership, acts as an integrator that improves cross- functional communication and cooperation. Shared knowledge not only makes for a more effective, efficient and agile organisation, but creates a common perspective and culture that produces a natural consistency of successful decisions and actions. The collaborative knowledge tree model proposed in this study uses the analogy of a tree when viewing South African government agencies as the branches of a collective tree (government). This ‘tree’ requires leaders and policy making to ‘dig deep’ into understanding the roots of the tree in order to ensure that the appropriate ‘seeds’ are planted such that the tree grows and is able to provide the necessary fruit required. Ultimately, as suggested by former President Thabo Mbeki (2012) in his address, the role of knowledge would thus be seen as a collaborative means towards the betterment of society.
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AUCAR, BRUNA SANTANA. "ADVERTISING IN BRAZIL: ADVERTISING AGENCIES, POWER RELATIONS AND WORK METHODS (1914 - 2014)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27769@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEsta tese realiza um estudo da história e do desenvolvimento das agências de propaganda do Brasil, a fim de compreender os principais movimentos do campo da publicidade no país ao longo de cem anos. Parte-se da premissa de que a agência é a organização responsável por traçar as condições de existência do setor da publicidade e do aparecimento social do anúncio, como resultado e expressão de tipos de interação social e ação coletiva. O marco cronológico é fixado a partir da fundação da Eclética, em 1914, a primeira empresa que elabora uma disposição profissionalizante e coopera para a formação de um segmento profissional, até então inexistente. A pesquisa procura mapear o curso das agências, suas conexões com as transformações histórico-culturais, realçando o desenvolvimento empresarial para discutir o peso do discurso publicitário na constituição dos códigos culturais. O foco recai no exame dos agentes sociais e suas ações, como partes determinantes da produção do conhecimento e da elaboração das identidades culturais em um determinado sistema social. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica e aproximação da rotina produtiva da publicidade, é possível perceber a importância da atuação conjunta de identidades para a viabilidade do trabalho. Neste sentido, a teoria da ação coletiva de Howard Becker ancora a reflexão sobre as identidades culturais dos sujeitos que produzem os anúncios dentro de uma agência de propaganda e suas formas de operação, elaboradas, historicamente, para a produção deste dispositivo de comunicação. O quadro teórico adotado também enfatiza a perspectiva cultural da publicidade e trabalhos que destacam a preponderância do simbólico na construção dos seus significados públicos. Além da conjuntura interna das empresas de propaganda, o estudo também pondera, de forma mais ampla, a publicidade como uma narrativa central na sociedade moderno-contemporânea, uma vez que ela produz e faz circular temas que impactam subjetividades e oferecem componentes para o estabelecimento de signos e práticas que nos definem como uma sociedade de consumo.
This dissertation provides an interpretative analysis on advertising agencies in Brazil in order to broadly examine the main movements in the field of advertising during the past one hundred years. We have relied on the assumption that the agency is the ownership that establishes conditions for the advertising sector s recognition as well as the social emergence of the ad, as an outcome and expression of social interaction and collective action types. The chronological framework is set as of the establishment of Eclética, in 1914, the first organization that devises a professional approach and sets the capacity building of a yet unknown professional segment. The survey pursues a constant on-going mapping of the agencies, the paths, and linkages with historical-cultural transformations, enhancing the entrepreneurial development in order to discuss the burden of the advertising speech vis-a-vis the cultural code heritage. The core focus is on the consideration of the social players and their actions as inherent part of the production of knowledge and issuance of cultural identities in a specific social system. By means of a bibliographic intersection with the productive routine of advertising, have endeavored to reach the final result of a joint performance of identities which crossing is of the utmost importance for its feasibility. Furthermore, Howard Becker s collective action theory anchors a profound reflection of the cultural identities of the subjects that convey the ads in an advertising agency, inasmuch as its ways of performance, historically produced for this communication device. The theoretical framework that has been considered, highlights as well, the cultural perspective of advertising and papers that enhance the prominence of symbolism when establishing cultural meanings. Besides the internal environment of the advertising organization, this survey contemplates, in a broader sense, advertising as a central narrative of modern contemporary culture inasmuch as it produces and circles issues that impact subjectivities and convey components to establish signs and practices that define us as a Consumption Society.
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Wong, Ricky Siu Kuen. "Knowledge and power asymmetries in dyadic negotiations : whose knowledge matters?" Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2047/.
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Previous research has revealed that negotiators with asymmetric best alternatives to the negotiated agreement (BATNAs) reach more efficient agreements than those with equal BATNAs. Conflicting hypotheses have been proposed to explain the relationship between BATNA-asymmetry and efficiency, and research exploring various possibilities has been relatively inconclusive. This thesis sets out to contribute to this domain, arguing that it is important to consider parties' knowledge states of BATNA-asymmetries. In addition, relationships among knowledge, aspiration and distributive outcomes are explored. A simulated job contract negotiation between an employer and employee was used. The data used in the investigation is the product of three experiments in which 112, 114, and 96 dyads participated respectively. Study 1 examines whether knowledge given to different negotiators affects agreement efficiency, aspiration levels and the nature of distributive outcomes. Study 2 investigates how this knowledge affects efficiency by exploring the relationship between knowledge and communications between parties. Finally, Study 3 focuses on why knowledge affects efficiency, examining its impact on negotiators' motivation, approach and mind-set. With the 5% significance level adopted, the key findings are that (a) aspiration levels of strong (weak) negotiators increase (decrease) with levels of knowledge; (b) knowledge increases the piece of resource pie that strong negotiators receive; (c) strong negotiators' knowledge of BATNA-asymmetries increases focus on dominance and judgement errors about opponents' interests, hindering information-exchange and the search for efficient outcomes; (d) weak negotiators' knowledge increases motivation and fosters communications, leading to more efficient agreements; and (e) the detrimental impact of strong negotiators' knowledge on efficiency is more powerful than the benefit of weak negotiators' knowledge. The findings suggest that knowledge of BAT'NA-asymmetries shapes negotiators' behaviour, and ultimately the structure and quality of outcomes. More importantly, the impact of knowledge on efficiency differs, relying on which party (strong and/or weak) has access to it.
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Bjerhem, Elin. "Knowledge is Power -About Swedish Politicians' Knowledge Concerning Migration Policy." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21123.
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Abstract:This thesis deals with Swedish politicians and their knowledge concerning migration policy. It investigates what knowledge the politicians have and from where they collect their knowledge on the mentioned topic. The study also investigates the politicians’ role as mediators of knowledge and the possible responsibilities connected to such a role.The main source for data has been interviews with six Swedish politicians, all members of parties, represented in the Swedish Parliament. To understand and be able to explain the results found, Sociology of Knowledge has been used as theoretical framework.The result of the thesis is that politicians in general, possess very little knowledge concerning migration policy. But, the current presence of the Swedish right wing party, Sverigedemokraterna, has changed the social code of the institutions that the politicians are members of and therefore many politicians have realized that they are in need of more knowledge, on the discussed topic. It was also found that the politicians have an important role as mediators of knowledge to the members of society. This role is connected to a responsibility of being correct and truthful in the statements made.
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Vik, Jostein. "Knowledge, Mobility and Configurations of Power : an Asset Specificity Perspective on Power in the Knowledge Society." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-988.
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This dissertation studies three interrelated concepts—power, knowledge, and mobility—in order to understand how knowledge mobility (specificity) affects power in the knowledge economy. To do this, the thesis is divided into two parts. The first part develops a theoretical approach, while the second employs this theoretical approach to different empirical fields. In the first, theoretical, part, the dissertation begins by discussing the different ways that the sundry literatures on power, asset specificity and knowledge types have developed. These literature reviews are used to develop a set of theoretically-deduced expectations in Chapter 5. These chapters contribute to broadening our understanding of the core concepts, especially asset and factor specificity, by explicitly linking them to the notion of knowledge mobility and to configurations of power.
The second part of the dissertation interrogates the expectations developed in Chapter 5 across three different venues: a case study of a regime change in a knowledge-intensive consultancy firm; cross-national multivariate statistical assessments on the relationship between specificity, knowledge, and configurations of power; and an historical case study of how the co-working of a set of international institutions—the World Intellectual Property Organization, the International Organization for Standardization, and the World Trade Organization—influences knowledge specificity and mobility. These empirical studies elaborate how knowledge mobility and power are interrelated. The chapters are suggesting that the degree of knowledge mobility may be seen as an element in otherwise well-known, empirical regularities. These sorts of similarities are revealed at all three (firm, national and international) levels.
The dissertation employs a broad methodological approach that swaps between analytical levels, alternative operationalizations, methods and causal interpretations. The resulting "montage effect" combines case studies, multivariate regressions, and institutional analyses to create a picture that may be seen as rich representation of a reality. This picture reveals that the specificity and mobility of assets matters for shaping and reshaping configurations of power.
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Calder, Scott C. "Local knowledge matters : knowledge, technology, and power in Newfoundland cod farming /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25827.pdf.
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Marcus, Adam Scott. "Local government citizen academies : is knowledge power?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39852.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-116).
Government decision-makers and especially urban planners increasingly face difficulties engaging citizens given trends of public apathy, cynicism towards government, language and cultural barriers, and the growing complexity of government bureaucracy. As municipal governments increasingly focus on the long-term engagement of citizens, particularly special interest, advocacy, and community organizations, a key dilemma is how to create an on-going process for training stakeholders to participate in consultation and conflict resolution efforts. Many individuals and interest groups are ill prepared for participation in public planning processes and do not understand how municipal government functions, the key dilemmas it faces, or the urban planning concepts and procedures that shape economic, social and physical life. Likewise, many planners are not trained to understand and integrate "local knowledge" --the specific expertise and on-the-ground information brought by local citizens--with technical information and bureaucratic processes. As a result, communication with the public is often constrained as citizens perceive government as a "black box" that is unapproachable.
(cont.) To address these challenges there is a growing trend among municipal governments to conduct citizen academies. These efforts to educate the public on the basic functions of municipal government, urban planning, and the land development process are distinct from other forms of citizen training because they occur on a regular basis, are geared towards a broader public, and are coordinated by municipal government staff. This thesis evaluates the effectiveness of three citizen academy programs in the United States in terms of their ability to improve citizen engagement capacity. This research measures such improvements through changes in citizens' and planners' perceptions about citizen-government relations, learning and knowledge exchange, and citizen action. The findings indicate that these academies do broaden citizen understanding of planning and government, foster improved personal relations between citizens and planners, improve citizen's (perceived) ability to influence decision-makers, and invigorate public interest in government boards and commissions.
(cont.) However, academies rarely integrate local and professional knowledge into what they teach and they face an inherent conflict between "capacity building" and "allegiance building." To improve citizen academies local governments might want to foster collaboration between planning and neighborhood services departments, to partner with a local community-based organization, and employ case-based learning approaches in the way they teach.
by Adam Scott Marcus.
M.C.P.
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McLoughlin, Liam. "Power/Knowledge in Discourses of Climate Justice." Thesis, Department of Government and International Relations, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8875.
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Rawlsian political philosophers and theorists approach climate justice using ideal theories of the fair distribution of climate change burdens, and the rights to be protected in the face of those burdens. Other theorists and activists embrace these ideal principles, but also identify structural causes of climate injustice, calling for the profound transformation of the global political, economic, and cultural order. Using a Foucaultian framework, this thesis argues that liberal and activist discourses of climate justice are specific configurations of power/knowledge with particular constraints and material effects. Distributive and rights-based climate justice discourses vitiate the voices of those most affected by climate change, overlook and conceal root causes of climate injustice, marginalise alternative political projects, and thereby reinforce existing power relations. By contrast, across critical, utopian, and spatial dimensions, activist climate justice discourse exposes and confronts these fundamental relations of oppression and domination.
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Pena, Vela Maria Emilia, and Shy-Nien Koong. "Designing a Fitted House of Dynamic Knowledge Management Strategy to Strengthen Competitive Advantage : Qualitative Research among UN Agencies and their Partners." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-130736.
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“Knowledge is the only treasure you can give entirely without running short of it (African proverb cited in IFAD, 2007).” And it has been largely recognised by organisations that knowledge is a resource that they can leverage on. As Bryan (2004) mentioned, the proprietary knowledge that resides in the minds of a company’s top professionals are a source of Competitive Advantage. Therefore, organisations that leverage on Knowledge Management to promote a Knowledge Management Strategy can achieve Competitive Advantage in a world of rapid change and growth where only organisations who keep on learning and adapting will survive. Therefore, this thesis work aims to answer the following research question: “How does leveraging on Knowledge Management promotes the delivery of Knowledge Management Strategy to achieve Competitive Advantage through the Dynamic Capabilities View?” The purpose of this research is to understand more about the practical path which aims to evolve into a dynamic path for organisations to leverage on Knowledge Management (KM) in order that its strategy consecution delivers Competitive Advantage. The authors explore the subject matter by building from existing literature on the main theoretical areas encountered, and then design the research and its approach from the research question. The research followed a qualitative approach and method by utilising semi-structured interviews done to 7 international development organisations, where 13 respondents contributed with their experiences and insights from their involvement in KM in their organisations. Moreover, secondary data was used to complement, support, compare and contrast the findings of the empirical research as the authors used qualitative documents related to the topic published by the organisations. As a result, all primary and secondary data were analysed in an inter-subjective interpretative way deriving from the theoretical framework in order to answer the research question. The research revealed that the identified gap in literature between Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Strategy is also existing in practice. It was identified that it depends on the maturity of KM in the organisation and/or the organisation’ maturity itself. But is not only restricted to that, the success of a KMS is directly linked to how the organisation articulates KM, and the importance given to it is based on the sense and utilisation of the dynamic nature of KM. Thus, it can turn its organisational capabilities into Dynamic Capabilities and achieve a Competitive Advantage, this is fundamental in international development organisations in the nonprofit sector, which is increasingly striving for resources where every organisation aims to be “the partner of choice.”
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Narayanaswamy, Lata. "Gender, power and the knowledge-for-development agenda." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/530/.
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In a highly influential report written in 1998, The World Bank promoted the idea that a lack of information and knowledge was one of the key barriers to development in the Global South. The hegemonic discursive and financial control upheld by the World Bank and Northern donors continues to generate considerable criticism in development theory and practice. Yet the consequences of the proliferation of knowledge-based development practices into the routine functions of civil society that followed the establishment of the World Bank knowledge paradigm, even where these initiatives have been explicitly designed to be more ‘progressive’, is an area of development discourse and practice that remains under-researched. Using a qualitative, multi-site ethnography to analyse the discursive ‘site’ created by the information flows between and beyond a Northern-based gender information service and their users and recipients in New Delhi, India, this research investigates the function of knowledge-based development aid. Specifically, this study seeks to interrogate the capacity of donor-funded women’s NGOs and networks acting as information intermediaries to promote more positive development outcomes through the production and dissemination of information for a range of development stakeholders in both Northern and Southern contexts, notably those groups marginalised from the dominant development infrastructure. This research suggests that notions of ‘progressive’ knowledge practice are confronted by three main constraints. Firstly, discursive and pedagogical barriers embedded in information and its delivery persists despite mechanisms designed to improve accessibility. Secondly, the production and dissemination of increased volumes of information has become an end in itself, de-linked from their contribution to development outcomes. Finally, actors based in the ‘South’ remain unproblematised in knowledge-based development discourse and practice, thereby obscuring class and educational divides that reinforce inequalities not just between the North and the South but also within and between Southern contexts.
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Michael, Sarah G. "African NGOs : turning knowledge and experience into power." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249028.
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Pittman, L. Monique. "Virginia Woolf's "Mrs Dalloway": Interpretation, Knowledge and Power." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625829.
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Bonell, Christopher Philip. "Evidence as a resource of control and resistance in 'advanced liberal' health systems : the case of HIV prevention in the UK." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006620/.
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Schrefler, Lorna Sarah. "The role of economic analysis in the decision-making process of Independent Regulatory Agencies." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3393.
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It is conventional to argue that the autonomy and reputation of regulatory agencies depend on their expertise. Yet the studies on how independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) create and deploy their knowledge capacity are few and far apart. Normatively, the justification for delegating decision-making powers to IRAs is that they operate by using technical analysis and expertise rather than political considerations. But yet again, although delegation has been discussed as a design principle, systematic evidence on the conditions under which IRAs make use of knowledge and how is still scarce. The literature on knowledge utilization portrays a rather complex link between expertise and policy, where relevant knowledge is not always reflected in policy outcomes and plays several functions besides facilitating the solution of policy problems. Unfortunately, scholars of IRAs have not exploited the insights of this literature yet. This dissertation addresses the under-explored question of the usage of economic knowledge by IRAs. We identify four possible uses of expertise: instrumental (i.e., to solve problems); strategic (e.g. to advocate a position); symbolic (e.g., to gain legitimacy), and non-use. Our aim is to explain under which conditions a certain usage is more likely to occur. To do so, we draw on the methodological device of explanatory typologies (Elman 2005). Specifically, we select two explanatory dimensions that reflect both the context and the content of policy: the level of conflict in the policy arena, and the degree problem tractability. We use different combinations of these two dimensions to derive four hypotheses on the possible uses of expertise mentioned above. The elusive nature of knowledge utilization makes the identification and measurement of these different usages highly dependent on an in-depth understanding of the institutional, organisational, and political context in which a regulatory decision is taken. We have thus opted for a qualitative approach based on case studies and process tracing (Bennett 2010; Brady 2010; Freedman 2010) to appraise the four hypotheses. Empirically, we performed three case studies on regulatory policy decisions taken by the UK Office of Communications (Ofcom) between 2005 and 2010. We find that, given certain scope conditions, the prevalent use of economic analysis is instrumental - a finding that contradicts previous research that labelled instrumental learning as extremely rare, if not a sort of technocratic utopia. Other uses still exist however, and given other scope conditions regulators can be strategic and symbolic in their approach to knowledge and expertise. This is not surprising if we accept the notion that regulators operate in a policy environment that is eminently but not exclusively technical: to survive in a (at least partially) political environment, regulators have to deploy usages of knowledge that deviate from the instrumental type.
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Doran, Peter. "Earth, power, knowledge : towards a critical global environmental politics." Thesis, University of Kent, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311223.
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Walster, Kerri L. "Dementia within the marital sphere : discourse, power & knowledge." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19229/.
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Introduction: This thesis completed a genealogical enquiry which considered how dementia has been conceptualised historically and contextually, plus the conditions that have allowed for the emergence of certain dementia discourses over others. It explored how dementia has generated biomedical, neuro, psychological, pharmaceutical, technological, charitable and academic forces that in turn, produce and maintain the power of these forces, plus the dominant biomedical model of dementia. It also examined the role of family and marriage in the context of dementia. Method: Drawing upon Foucault’s work and discourse theory, professionally produced leaflets from dementia assessment clinics and NICE (2006) guidelines for dementia were examined. Secondly, participants with diagnoses of Dementia (PWDD) and their spouse were interviewed either jointly or separately (ten participants in total). Ten transcripts were analysed from a discourse theory perspective. Results: The document analysis presented various discursive themes, which corroborated the findings in the transcript analysis. From the transcripts, nine main discourses were identified. For instance, ‘the feared fate’ constructed the inescapability of dementia in old age relating to dementia facts and figures. ‘Pay no mind’ involved paying little attention to dementia and setting dementia talk aside. ‘The biomedical truth of dementia’ depicted professional technologies as ‘truths’ supporting the biomedical origins of dementia. Spouses with and without diagnoses of dementia tended to adopt dissimilar discourses, resulting in spouses monitoring and correcting PWDD and PWDD’s resistance. Marriage discourses constructed the importance of marriage and the need to overcome trials and tribulations. Discussion: Unexpected findings in the data were strongly gendered discourses, plus, where spouses without dementia were positioned in the role of the ‘informal professional’ yet also ‘the confessing patient’. Marriage discourses appeared to be complimentary in making marriage a natural sphere for caring. Biomedical discourse on dementia was effective in self-management of dementia ‘signs’ and electing ‘ethically bound’ spousal support, effective as a modern form of power where there are limited societal resources.
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Yankah, Andrina. "Leadership Skills for Success of Home Health Care Agencies." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3078.
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Small business managers often lack the leadership skills necessary to sustain their businesses beyond 5 years. The United States Small Business Administration reported that more than 65% of small business owners, including home health care agency managers, fail within the first 5 years of operation. Guided by Burns and Bass's transformational leadership theory, this multiple case study explored leadership skills that managers in home health care agencies need to sustain their new businesses beyond 5 years. The purposeful sample comprised of 3 managers from 3 different home health care agencies within a 75-mile radius of Baltimore, Maryland, that had demonstrated success in surviving past 5 years. Semistructured interviews, agencies' quality assurance plans and policies were reviewed, and procedural documents related to leadership skills were gathered as data. Yin's 5-step data analysis technique was used to identify key themes. Member checking enhanced the credibility of data interpretation. Themes that emerged from data analysis were business management, knowledge and performance, and transformational leadership. Study findings may contribute to positive social change by providing practical guidance to home health care managers, which may improve their agencies' viability and delivery of patient care. Business implications include the provision of long-term employment to workers and safety assurance to patients' families.
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Grahle, Christian René. "Organizing creativity : the role of aesthetic knowledge in advertising creative processes." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11868.
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This thesis presents the results of research which investigated how creative processes in advertising agencies are organized and the role aesthetic understandings play therein. Indepth accounts describing how creative processes in advertising agencies are organized were not well characterized in the extant literature. This was surprising, given the confusion that existed about whether or not advertising practitioners share similar tastes. Whereas some research suggests highly homogenous taste patterns, other research, reporting about severe conflicts in advertising agencies, suggests that the contrary is true. Consequently, also research on taste-making processes and thus the ways through which tastes and collective action are negotiated was missing. This research aims to address these gaps in the literature by providing an in-depth account of the way specific practices creative processes are organized by analysing how practices and tastes interlink as well as by providing insights into the ways through which taste and collective action are sustained at advertising agencies. To do so, qualitative research at a leading London-based advertising agency was carried out over a period of five months. Two sets of practices by which the advertising creative processes were organized were identified. In addition, four types of tensions between both sets of practices and thus different tastes among advertising practitioners, depending on the practices in which they were immersed, were found. Moreover, ways in which tensions were resolved and thus how different tastes were negotiated were identified. By doing so, this research closes the above gaps in the literature and reveals that at advertising agencies' creative processes and taste-making go hand in hand. Finally, practical insights for managers in the advertising industries, aiming to foster collective engagement, collaboration and conversations, and creative expression in creative advertising processes as well as suggestions for future research are offered.
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Haynes, Abigail. "Understanding the process of a research utilisation intervention in policy agencies: What, how and why?" Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17779.
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Background: There are increasing calls to strengthen the use of research in health policymaking, but little is known about how intervention strategies may be received by policymakers, or how different contexts are likely to affect engagement and uptake. This research seeks to understand, and provide transferable information about, how research utilisation interventions function in different policy settings, and how they can be made more fit for purpose. Approach: This thesis focuses on Supporting Policy In health with Research: an Intervention Trial (SPIRIT). SPIRIT is a multi-component research utilisation intervention that was implemented in six health policy agencies in Sydney. Taking a process-orientated perspective, my mixed methods research examines facets of the intervention design and implementation, and attempts to both describe and explain how a range of participants perceived and interacted with SPIRIT, and with what effects. Work produced: Six studies are included. Five published papers: (i) a realist scoping review of interventions aimed at building policymakers’ capacity to use research in their work; (ii) a participant observation study of concept development in our team; (iii) an account of theory-focused fidelity assessment; (iv) an analysis of the views, behaviours and impacts of the intervention’s internal facilitators; and (v) a realist evaluation of how participants experienced SPIRIT and the causal pathways through which intervention strategies appear to generate process effects. A further chapter explores the wider context and considerable challenges of increasing research use in policymaking. Key contributions: This thesis delivers new conceptual and methodological approaches for understanding how and why complex interventions function as they do. First, the findings describe how SPIRIT was implemented and perceived, and offer provisional explanations for the marked variation in engagement between the six intervention sites. Using an in-depth realist process evaluation approach, I was able to identify and test possible causal mechanisms, and to make empirically grounded recommendations for program improvement (e.g. improved strategies for identifying and supporting internal facilitators). Second, the thesis makes methodological contributions. It advances the use of realist process evaluation, which is still rarely used, unpacks the role of process effects in a realist scoping review of research utilisation interventions, and presents a novel approach for managing fidelity assessment within flexible interventions. The inclusion of pragmatic tools and worked examples makes this work concrete. Lastly, the research contributes to theory in the field. It furthers our understanding of the dynamic and highly situated connections between policymakers’ diverse information needs and practices, and different kinds of research utilisation intervention and implementation strategies. It brings this learning together in provisional transferable propositions and provides access to the substantial empirical and conceptual work that sits behind them. Together, these contributions offer guidance for the design, implementation and evaluation of future intervention studies in this field and beyond. The thesis concludes by highlighting areas where further understanding is required if the ambitions of research-informed policymaking are to be advanced.
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Ovretveit, J. A. "Professional power and the state : a study of five professions in state welfare agencies in the UK." Thesis, Brunel University, 1988. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/1367.
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The thesis defines a profession as a group of workers who have been authorised by the state to determine aspects of their own work, training and organisation,usually,but not necessarily,as a result of their specialist expertise. It argues that knowledge about professions would be advanced by examining the social structures and processes of regulation and management of different professions, rather than by concentrating on the particular characteristics of the work or of the workers. Following this approach the thesis presents research into the different national regulatory structures, and local management structures of five "welfare service" professions in the U.K. In explaining the differences in structure the thesis shows how each occupation exploited characteristics which provided power in particular situations to establish organisation and control advantageous to its interests,and how characteristics such as specialist knowledge, status, and income were stabilised and further developed as a result. It also examines the complex involvement of the state in legitimating, advancing and limiting professional power. The main contribution of the thesis is to develop Freidson's theory of professions through logical critique and by reference to empirical evidence about five U.K. welfare professions, and by, - showing that national regulatory structures do not define a division of labour or provide the absolute autonomy which Freidson proposed, - showing that different types of professional autonomy are institutionalised in local management structures, usually on central government recommendation, and by providing a typology of professional autonomy based on empirical research, - showing that characteristics of professions are related to, but not, as proposed by Freidson, determined by professional autonomy, - developing Freidson's general perspective to accommodate the empirical evidence by reconceptualising the nature of professions in terms of professional authority, rather than autonomy, and by developing a model of the authorisation of professional power. In developing Freidson's theory the thesis also contributes, - to knowledge about professional organisation within state welfare bureaucracies, mainly by providing detailed descriptions of differences and changes in management structures, - to the methodology of action research by developing the theoretical basis of a method for investigating the legitimation of authority in establishing management structures, - to knowledge about the details of the relationship between the state and welfare professions, mainly by providing evidence of the involvement of the state at national and local levels in decisions and structures which profoundly shape the nature of practice, relationships with clients, and futures of welfare occupations.
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Mauldin, Rosetta Johnson. "The relationship between selected sociodemographic characteristics and perceived power of board members of nonprofit social service agencies /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487681148541908.
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Chakpitak, Nopasit. "Learning organisation based intelligent tutoring system for power utilities." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273781.
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朱太秀 and Tai-xiu Zhu. "Knowledge-based assessment and enhancement of voltage stability." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31236455.
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Zhu, Tai-xiu. "Knowledge-based assessment and enhancement of voltage stability /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18061680.
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Ross, Murray. "Foucault, power/knowledge, and the recent literature on school improvement." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26908.
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This thesis examines some of the recent literature on school improvement: namely, teacher effectiveness research, school effectiveness research, and four of the commissioned reports on education that were published in the United States during 1983. The analysis relies on a number of central concepts from the social theory of Michel Foucault, in particular his notions of power/knowledge and discipline. It is argued that these bodies of educational research are in themselves either inadequate or inappropriately employed in policy discussions, and that as a result the manipulation of students and teachers seems reasonable and necessary. It is further argued that the teaching practices and educational policies called for in this research are likely to produce unintended, and undesirable consequences which are completely at odds with the stated goals of school improvement.Education, Faculty of
Educational Studies (EDST), Department of
Graduate
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Kinsey, Rebecca. "Knowledge versus power determinants to condom use among Haitian women /." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/4173.
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Frece, Annabel de. "Power/knowledge and identity : development interventions in a Maya village." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428579.
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Kelly, Andrew. "Was Burns right? : leadership and power in the knowledge economy." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2008. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21947.
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Burns' (1978) book 'Leadership' is held to be one of the most influential books in the leadership field in the last 50 years. Despite its pre-eminence the fundamental concepts behind Burns' analysis of leadership have remained empirically untested. Burns argues that 'to understand the nature of leadership requires understanding of the nature of power' (p. 3), but the concept of followers as power holders in the leadership relationship has been greatly understated in much of the extant leadership research. Power is regarded as a problematic and complex concept that does not always sit comfortably with the ideology, and values espoused in much of the management literature. Many leadership models assume that power is the natural fiat of management and power derives from management's control of the main resources within the organisation and fail to recognise that power is dispersed across the various actors in the organisation. Burns argues that motives and resources are the two essentials of power, but whilst a review of the literature on transformational leadership (TL) will throw up many references to TL raising followers to higher level motives, there are scant references or discussion on the pivotal role the other essential, resource, plays in the leadership process. Much of the TL literature fails to recognise the exchange aspects of the leaderfollower relationships and the influence of power upon them. It also fails to recognise the influence of followers on the leadership style in the organisation, assuming a top-down model of unilateral activity where organisational agents select their behaviours whilst hermetically sealed from any external influence. Contrary to Burns' theory, these models proffer a simplistic model of leadership with a clear causality between leader behaviour and follower outcomes, rather than a series of complex, reciprocal relationships. This research sought firstly to test Burns' theory that a demonstration of TL will result in a higher level of motivation amongst followers, and consequently a higher commitment of resources. Secondly, to explore in more detail the influence of resource in Burns' theory the research contrasted followers' perception of leadership levels, motivation and OCB between knowledge workers and non-knowledge workers. It is argued that if Burn's theory of transforming leadership is valid, the centrality of knowledge as a resource within knowledge-based organisations will have constructed a new leadership relationship between knowledge workers and leaders where the satisfaction of higher level motivators will be evident. Drawing on Crozier's Strategic Contingency Theory (1964) it is proposed that the knowledge workers will use their position as the main source of organisational uncertainty and will expect leaders within organisation to recognise their control over the key strategic resource and manifest that recognition in an enhanced content of the psychological contract. The research used the psychological contract as a construct to measure the level of follower motivation and OCB to measure the level of personal resource commitment. Measures of the six TL behaviours in the Transformational Leadership Questionnaire (Alimo-Metcalfe and Alban-Metcalfe 2000), the Psychological Contract Inventory (Rousseau 2000) and three elements of OCI3 (Podsakoff et al 1997) were obtained from 426 employees from a range of organisations in Scotland including an electronics company, a bio-tech company and a government department. The research found that transformational leadership is strongly correlated to the higher level motivators in Maslow's (1954) hierarchy as encapsulated in the Balanced Psychological contract, but it is also strongly correlated to the mid-range motivators such as loyalty, security and belonging. The findings of the research also support Burns' claim of a correlation between a demonstration of transforming leadership and a high level of resource commitment, as represented in this research as OCB. This research suggests that where the higher level motivators are being addressed, in the forms of a fulfilled balanced and relational psychological contract, there is a greater commitment of resources in the form of a higher level of OCB. This research supports Burns' assertion that power is the central factor in the leadership relationship and challenges the leadership theory that dependent followers exert little or no upward influence on the behaviour of the leader. The research has found that TL is more positively correlated with KWs than non-KWs, more positively correlated with a balanced and a relational psychological contract and is also more positively correlated with OCB with KWs than non-KWs. This would suggest that leaders in KBOs are responding to the shift in uncertainty and knowledge workers have greater expectations of their psychological contract. Leaders in KBOs are responding to the changes in the power balance and are demonstrating higher levels of TL to secure more OCB, the source of competitive advantage in KBOs.
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Zerban, Ayman Mohamed. "Power / knowledge relations and accounting in Egypt : (a Foucauldian perspective)." Thesis, University of Essex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395949.
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Scovetta, Vincent. "The Impact of Leadership Social Power on Knowledge Management Success." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/298.
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Knowledge is said to be the actionable human quality gained from the capacity to derive mental insight from facts that have been placed in context, analyzed, and synthesized using references of past experience, mental comparison, and consideration of consequences. Knowledge, therefore, provides the key to understanding the world around us.
Managing this knowledge can become a challenge for organizations that value the worth of the knowledge of its workers. Knowledge Management (KM) is the effective and accurate management of knowledge (acquisition, creation, storage, sharing, and use) used to promote and support organizational changes that enhance an organization's ability to effectively compete. This research was built on the foundational studies of others who provided empirical evidence of the constructs of KM success and Leadership Social Power (LSP). As many models of KM success have been identified and constructs empirically shown to have an impact on that success, the need for understanding the underlying influences on these constructs becomes increasingly important.
This study investigated the constructs of LSP used by organizational leaders to influence KM workers to bring about KM success. This research revealed organizations wishing to secure, improved, or maintain KM success, should ensure their leaders: 1) are committed to KM, 2) encourage quality knowledge, and 3) promote knowledge use. With three fundamental goals in mind, it was empirically demonstrated that LSP was a factor of that success and was able to predict Leadership Commitment to KM, Knowledge Use, and Knowledge Content Quality. This research empirically demonstrated each of the LSP subconstructs influence the dimensions of KM success in different ways.
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Haughton, Guillaumette. "Knowledge, power and emotions in stakeholder participation within environmental governance." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10628/.
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Environmental concerns are high on the political agenda in the current circumstances of climate change and uncertainty. Given the complex nature of environmental concerns, incorporating many different stakeholders and fields of expertise, it can be difficult to see how any agreement can be reached on ways forward, and especially what might be the ‘right’ approach to governance. This thesis uses interpretive policy analysis to investigate the way in which flood alleviation policy is implemented at local scales, examining the decision-making processes that lead to change. The empirical study examines two case studies of flood alleviation sites in South Yorkshire subject to policy processes concerning flood risk following the dramatic weather patterns of recent years, and leading to structural changes to the sites. By focussing on the themes that emerged from the data and the stories that were important to stakeholders a new perspective on the governance process emerges. The way in which we conceptualise power and knowledge/expertise is examined, and the role of place attachment and relationship to place is positioned alongside traditional interpretation, to offer a more rounded perspective which accounts for the intricacies and individuality of the policy making processes which affect different places. The thesis has developed a new approach to the understanding of environmental governance, which brings together interpretive policy analysis with relationship to place, incorporating understandings of emotions and collective memory to broaden the understanding of the way stakeholders impact on the changes to environmental sites. Through this suggestions are made about the way in which policy processes can be changed to offer more equality and justice within governance processes.
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Backhouse, Peter. "Medical knowledge, medical power : doctors and health policy in Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb126.pdf.
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Afsana, Kaosar. "Power, knowledge and childbirth practices : An ethnographic exploration in Bangladesh." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/500.
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The intent of this study is to explore why and in what ways rural, poor women in Bangladesh adhere to indigenous birth practices and resist cosmopolitan obstetric care. To understand the complexities of childbirth, a multidimensional framework encompassing culture, gender, socio-economic, political economy and historical perspectives is used. I used ethnographic methods to have deeper understanding of childbirth practices predominantly from women's voices, but strengthened by multiple other voices and my observational experiences. I gathered information in Apurbabari village, the adjacent Thana Health Complex and the Medical College Hospital using in-depth interviews and participant observation, in particular.
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James, Nickolas John. "Power-knowledge and critique in Australian legal education : 1987-2003." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15910/1/Nickolas_James_Thesis.pdf.
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While the word 'critique' appeared frequently in Australian legal education texts between 1987 and 2003, the meaning and the emphasis accorded critique varied widely. Michel Foucault's ideas about the close relationship between knowledge and power provide a theoretical framework within which this inconsistency of meaning and emphasis can be described, analysed and explained. Rather than monolithic, the discipline of legal education was by 2003 a dynamic nexus of distinct and competing discourses: doctrinalism, vocationalism, corporatism, liberalism, pedagogicalism and radicalism. Each of these six discourses was simultaneously a form of knowledge and an expression of disciplinary power within the law school. As a form of knowledge, each discourse accorded critique a different meaning and a different emphasis as a consequence of a range of historical, social and political contingencies. As an expression of power, each discourse was an attempt to achieve a set of objectives including the universalisation of a particular approach to the teaching of law and the enhancement of the status of a particular role within the law school. Critique, in a variety of forms, was a strategy employed by each discourse in order to achieve these objectives and to dominate and displace competing discourses.
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James, Nickolas John. "Power-Knowledge And Critique In Australian Legal Education : 1987 - 2003." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15910/.
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While the word 'critique' appeared frequently in Australian legal education texts between 1987 and 2003, the meaning and the emphasis accorded critique varied widely. Michel Foucault's ideas about the close relationship between knowledge and power provide a theoretical framework within which this inconsistency of meaning and emphasis can be described, analysed and explained. Rather than monolithic, the discipline of legal education was by 2003 a dynamic nexus of distinct and competing discourses: doctrinalism, vocationalism, corporatism, liberalism, pedagogicalism and radicalism. Each of these six discourses was simultaneously a form of knowledge and an expression of disciplinary power within the law school. As a form of knowledge, each discourse accorded critique a different meaning and a different emphasis as a consequence of a range of historical, social and political contingencies. As an expression of power, each discourse was an attempt to achieve a set of objectives including the universalisation of a particular approach to the teaching of law and the enhancement of the status of a particular role within the law school. Critique, in a variety of forms, was a strategy employed by each discourse in order to achieve these objectives and to dominate and displace competing discourses.
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Mauldin, Rosetta Johnson. "The relationship between selected socio-demographic characteristics and perceived power of board members of nonprofit social service agencies." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1341935488.
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Duffett, Mark. "Understanding Elvis : Presley, power and performance." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343561.
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Mbakpuo, Ndidiamaka Ezinne. "Improving the Completion Rate of Advance Directives in Home Health Agencies." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2992.
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The number of individuals aged more than 65 years in the United States and their life expectancy has been increasing in the past decades. In spite of the presence of federal and accreditation policies recommending completion of advance directive documents by patients admitted to health care settings, advance directive completion rates are low in most health care organizations. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of advance directive completion among home health patients. The health belief model provided the theoretical framework that guided this study. A retrospective chart review was carried out in a home health agency with about 51 patients. Demographic details, including age, gender, ethnicity, nature of illness and type of health insurance were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the percentage of home health patients with existing advance directives and those who do not have an advance directive. The study revealed that only 25% of the patients in the home health care agency had a completed advance directive. The finding indicate a disconnect between the recommended and the actual practice with regards to end of life issues. There is a pressing need for more complete documentation of the patient's desires and wishes regarding end of life care at home health care facilities. Documenting the patient's end of life preferences and wishes may potentially ease the decision-making process, making the end of life days less stressful for the patients and their families at the same time promoting the provision of personalized health care at the end of life.
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Wijayawardhana, Thimali, and Liene Kokina. "Consultancy agencies as actors within the digital transformation journey: a case study." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185781.
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The complexity that digital transformation brings to the business environment requires new knowledge and expertise in different domains. To avoid the extensive costs of acquiring and managing this knowledge internally, organizations frequently collaborate with external consultancies. In this exploratory case study, we investigate what role the consultancy agencies take within client organizations' transformation journey and how this role is affected by the dynamic nature of digital transformation. The study reveals that the notion of digital transformation in the business environment is fuzzy and challenging not only to the client organization but to the consultancy agency itself which leads to the necessity to narrow down the notion of digital transformation and form a new role.
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Karatas, Bora, and Alina Macovei. "Managing Knowledge for Innovations in Wind Power Industry : A Case Study." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12439.
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On one side Innovation, innovation systems and knowledge management are two topics have been discussed so much by scholars before. The advantages gained through knowledge management by fostering innovation which entails competitive advantage. On the other side, an emerging interest has represented the relationship between the renewable industry and environmental innovations. The oil crises and some forum discussion of environmental impact have fuelled the interest for Renewable Energy especially on wind energy. Most likely there hasn’t been any research knowledge management in wind power companies which is an emerging and terribly needs knowledge to innovate and bring more products. As a result there is a need to look more into the role of knowledge management in wind mill companies and explore how innovation can be triggered by successful knowledge management and how this process provide competitive advantage in wind power industry.
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Duclos, Pascal. "Blurred Lines : A Critical Inquiry into Power, Knowledge and (in)Security." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-7438.
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This paper seeks ways of understanding the new challenges of a rapidly changing world, and does so by attempting to resist the disciplinary power of orthodox research methodology, by critically and reflexively inquiring into the politics of (in)security, and ultimately, by seeking novelty. It begins by first declaring its ethical and methodological starting points, then draws out an assemblage of contemporary security problematics. This leads over and narrows down into an inquiry into how to understand the developing structure of information and cyber security in Sweden. Drawing from critical security studies and feminist research ethics, it sketches out an analytical story of power and knowledge in an age of boundless risk, security and information. It furthermore argues for the need of security scholars, practitioners and politicians alike to move beyond simplistic understandings of the world, and to revision it as shaped by more complex dynamics and flows of the global, digitalized and virtual reality of the world.
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HARRISON, LYN MARGARET, and edu au jillj@deakin edu au mikewood@deakin edu au wildol@deakin edu au kimg@deakin. "(RE)PRODUCING POWER-KNOWLEDGE-DESIRE: YOUNG WOMEN AND DISCOURSES OF IDENTITY." Deakin University. School of Education, 1995. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20041214.103936.
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This study focuses on three young women in their final year of school using data gathered during a year-long process of individual conversational interviews, the contents of which were largely determined by their interests. Three themes arise from critical incidents during this year - the debutante ball, teenage pregnancy and dieting. These themes are used to focus wide ranging explorations of what it is to be a young woman at this particular time. The broader cultural production of discursive positions available to, and developed by, these young women as part of their identity formation is discussed. Methodological issues concerning power relationships between research participants are also the focus of critical attention.
It is considered that young women's bodies and bodily practices are central to understanding the processes involved in their identity formation. It is in this context that the focus turns to bodies that matter. In contemporary Western cultures 'adolescent bodies' could be said to matter 'too much' in the sense that they are increasingly the focus for disciplinary practices in institutions such as schooling, the church, the family, health care, health promotion and the media. This disciplining is legitimised because adolescence is socially constructed as a 'becoming'. In this case it is a matter of 'becoming woman'; a sort of apprenticeship which allows for knowledgeable others to provide not only guidance and nurturance, but discipline. Using insights gained from feminist poststructuralist theory and cultural feminism this thesis argues that the discourses and practices generated within and across institutions, which are normalised by their institutional base, are gender differentiated. The focus is on young women's embodied subjectivity and how the discourses and practices they engage with and in work to construct an ideal feminine body-subject.
The discursive production of a gendered identity has a considerable impact on young women's health and their health-related behaviours. This is explored specifically in the thesis in relation to sexuality and the cultural production of the 'ideal' female body. It is argued that health education and health promotion strategies which are designed to influence young women's health related behaviours, need to consider the forms of power, knowledge and desire produced through young women's active engagement with institutionalised discourses of identity if they are to have an ongoing impact
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O'Connor, Daniel M. "Cinematic regimes of light/power/knowledge, the political-economy of secrecy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0028/NQ32346.pdf.
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Karimbayeva, Zhanar. "Censoring Maps in Google China? Visual Analysis through Foucault't Power/Knowledge." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/24.
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This thesis explores aspects of map censorship in Google China through a theoretical framework based on Foucault’s power/knowledge. Comparing results of content analysis of maps in Google Ditu in Google China and Google Maps in Google Dot Com, the thesis analyzes the degree of censorship of maps in the Google geoweb. My findings are a higher density of labeling in Google Ditu in comparison with Google Maps, the absence of VGI in Google Ditu, the limitation of zoom level at Google Ditu, and the absence of Street View in China. This thesis suggests possible explanations to differences in map information between Google Ditu and Google Maps.
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Vaughan, Barry. "Power/knowledge - untying the knot : an examination of a penological method." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4167/.
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This thesis examines an assumption that has recently permeated social theory, that power and knowledge constitute each other and are mutually reinforcing. Knowledge is an instrument to be used to realise the interests of some group, i. e. is subservient to agency. This assumption is oblivious to the rise of realist social theory which has argued that the facilitating frameworks of social life, structure and culture (which would typically include 'knowledge') must be construed as having a causal influence themselves, regardless of what people make of them or do despite them. These do not automatically satisfy groups' wishes and may hinder them. The power/knowledge thesis has taken greatest hold in the study of prisons; it is argued that the penal reforms instituted in the 19th century were designed to control prisoners so that what seemed like a benevolent regime was actually an efficient mode of control. Thus the ideas that were used to direct the treatment of offenders were a means of power over prisoners. This thesis will incorporate historical material on the development of the prisons and show that supporting ideas of reform was not necessarily an exercise in power, so undercutting the principal thesis of the power/knowledge school. I will draw on recent developments in social theory to show how the interplay between power and knowledge might be better conceived. I will argue that only by estimating the logical connection between ideas can we understand their proper role- how they may facilitate or frustrate action. Thus I will query whether reform ever gained the prominence it did and show that it had always to be balanced by its logical counterpart, deterrence.
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McArthur, Stephen D. J. "Knowledge and model based reasoning for power system protection performance analysis." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1996. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20546.
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Technological advances within the field of power systems has led to engineers, at all levels, being confronted with an ever increasing amount of data to be analysed. This coincides with greater pressure on engineers to work more efficiently and cost effectively, due to the increasingly competitive nature of the electricity supply industry. As a result, there is now the requirement for intelligent systems to interpret the available data and provide information which is relevant, manageable and readily assimilated by engineers. This thesis concerns the application of intelligent systems to the data interpretation tasks of protection engineers. An on-line decision support system is discussed which integrates two expert system paradigms in order to perform power system protection performance analysis. Knowledge based system techniques are used to interpret the data from supervisory, control and data acquisition systems, whereas a model based diagnosis approach to the comprehensive validation of protection performance, using the more detailed data which is available from fault records or equivalent, is assessed. Such a decision support system removes the requirement for time consuming manual analysis of data. An assessment of power system protection performance is provided in an on-line fashion, quickly alerting the engineers to failures or problems within the protection system. This improves efficiency and maximises the benefit of having an abundance of data available.