Journal articles on the topic 'Knee Diseases Risk factors'
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Wang, Lih, Sungsoo Kim, Kyungtaek Kim, Seunghyun Lee, Kyungho Lee, and Sangyun Seok. "The Risk Factors of Postoperative Delirium after Total Knee Arthroplasty." Journal of Knee Surgery 30, no. 06 (November 23, 2016): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1593872.
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AbstractWe investigated the results of delirium which developed after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the risk factors for delirium in the patients who are older than 65 years. From March 2008 to March 2012, we performed a retrospective study on 296 knees of 265 patients who were treated with TKA. They were divided into two groups: 216 patients without delirium and 49 patients diagnosed with delirium by psychiatry. We analyzed the risk factors into three categories: First, the preoperative factors including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), clinical and functional knee joint score (Knee Society Knee Score and Knee Society Function Score) and the number of underlying diseases and associations with each disease; Second, the operative factors including the anesthesia method, amount of blood loss, operating time, laboratory factors, and transfusion count; Third, the postoperative factors such as start time of walking and duration of hospital stay were analyzed. There were significant statistical difference between two groups just in age, history of dementia, cerebrovascular disease, difference of hemoglobin and albumin, start time of walking, and duration of hospital stay. The delirium after TKA delays the postoperative ambulation and extends the hospital stay, which causes functional and socioeconomic loss of patients. Therefore, the risk factors for delirium should be assessed and proper prevention and management should be conducted.
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Hartwell, Matthew J., Allison M. Morgan, Daniel J. Johnson, Richard W. Nicolay, Robert A. Christian, Ryan S. Selley, Michael A. Terry, and Vehniah K. Tjong. "Risk Factors for 30-Day Readmission following Knee Arthroscopy." Journal of Knee Surgery 33, no. 11 (July 3, 2019): 1109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1692631.
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AbstractThis study evaluates knee arthroscopy cases in a national surgical database to identify risk factors associated with readmission. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried from 2012 to 2016 for billing codes related to knee arthroscopy. International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes were then used to exclude cases which involved infection. Patients were subsequently reviewed for readmission within 30 days. Univariate and multivariate analyses were then performed to identify risk factors associated with 30-day readmission. A total of 69,022 patients underwent knee arthroscopy. The overall 30-day complication rate was 1.75% and the 30-day readmission rate was 0.92%. On multivariate analysis, age > 60 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–1.55), smoking (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.15–1.70), recent weight loss (OR, 13.22; 95% CI, 5.03–34.73), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.39–2.82), hypertension (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.23–1.78), diabetes (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.40–2.64), renal failure (OR, 10.65; 95% CI, 2.90–39.07), steroid use within 30 days prior to the procedure (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.24–2.94), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class ≥ 3 (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.40–2.04), and operative time > 45 minutes (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.42–2.00) were identified as independent risk factors for readmission. These findings confirm that the 30-day overall complication (1.75%) and readmission rates (0.92%) are low for knee arthroscopy procedures; however, age > 60 years, smoking status, recent weight loss, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic steroid use, ASA class ≥ 3, and operative time > 45 minutes are independent risk factors for readmission.
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Luo, Ze-Yu, Duan Wang, Ze-Yu Huang, Hao-Yang Wang, Ling-Li Li, and Zong-Ke Zhou. "Risk factors associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection after knee replacement." Lancet Infectious Diseases 19, no. 8 (August 2019): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30357-3.
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Shah, Kunal Ajitkumar, Anuradha Mohapatra, and Gajanan D. Velhal. "Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases in patients with osteoarthritis of knee attending orthopaedic out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 3699. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193664.
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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) and cardio-vascular diseases (CVD) share similar risk factors. Since OA may increase the risk of CVD through several mechanisms, this study was taken up to find the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases in patients with OA knee. We also assessed the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during August 2018 to January 2019 in an Orthopaedic Out-patient Department of a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city. Sample size was 384. Patients above the age of 45 years who were radiologically diagnosed to be OA knee grade 2 and above were included. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Lipid profile and blood sugar were done. Perceived stress scale-10 was used for calculating stress level.Results: Physical inactivity was the most prevalent risk factor (79.68%) followed by tobacco consumption (69.27%), obesity (64.84%), unhealthy diet (56.77%), positive family history (48.43%), dyslipidaemia (48.17%), diabetes (38.54%), hypertension (27.60%), smoking, mental stress and excessive alcohol intake. Prevalence of CVDs like heart failure, heart attack, stroke and other cerebral atherosclerotic conditions were 5.98%. Prevalence among male and female was 6.16% and 5.88% respectively.Conclusions: Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are common in patients of Osteoarthritis Knee. Physical inactivity is the most common risk factor followed by tobacco consumption, obesity and unhealthy diet. Prevalence of CVDs were 5.98%.
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Slobodskoy, A. B., E. Yu Osintsev, A. G. Lezhnev, I. V. Voronin, I. S. Badak, and A. G. Dunaev. "Risk Factors for Periprosthetic Infection after Large Joint Arthroplasty." Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii imeni N.N. Priorova, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32414/0869-8678-2015-2-13-18.
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Risk factors for the development of purulent complications after large joints arthroplasty were studied by the results of 3641 operations (3210 patients). Hip, knee, shoulder and elbow arthroplasty was performed in 2523, 881, 105 and 132 patients, respectively. Hip and knee revision replacements were performed in 221 cases and in 492 cases surgical interventions were performed for dysplastic coxarthrosis, congenital and acquired deformities, under conditions of bone tissue deficit and other complicated cases. Three hundred fifty one patients were operated on due to acute injury. Periprosthetic infection was diagnosed in 58 cases (1.59%). It was stated that risk factors for periprosthetic infection development included severe concomitant pathology (diabetes mellitus,operations somatic diseases, degree of their severity and duration, HIV infection and other conditions), surgical interventions for dysplastic coxarthrosis and complex total hip replacement. In those cases the risk of complications increased by 1.5-3.5 times. Pyo-inflammatory process in the area of hip joint in history as well as every repeated surgery on the hip increased therisk of postoperative complications significantly. No differences in complication rate depending on the type of fixation and implant manufacturers were noted.
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Slobodskoy, A. B., E. Yu Osintsev, A. G. Lezhnev, I. V. Voronin, I. S. Badak, and A. G. Dunaev. "Risk Factors for Periprosthetic Infection after Large Joint Arthroplasty." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto201522213-18.
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Risk factors for the development of purulent complications after large joints arthroplasty were studied by the results of 3641 operations (3210 patients). Hip, knee, shoulder and elbow arthroplasty was performed in 2523, 881, 105 and 132 patients, respectively. Hip and knee revision replacements were performed in 221 cases and in 492 cases surgical interventions were performed for dysplastic coxarthrosis, congenital and acquired deformities, under conditions of bone tissue deficit and other complicated cases. Three hundred fifty one patients were operated on due to acute injury. Periprosthetic infection was diagnosed in 58 cases (1.59%). It was stated that risk factors for periprosthetic infection development included severe concomitant pathology (diabetes mellitus,operations somatic diseases, degree of their severity and duration, HIV infection and other conditions), surgical interventions for dysplastic coxarthrosis and complex total hip replacement. In those cases the risk of complications increased by 1.5-3.5 times. Pyo-inflammatory process in the area of hip joint in history as well as every repeated surgery on the hip increased therisk of postoperative complications significantly. No differences in complication rate depending on the type of fixation and implant manufacturers were noted.
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Carroll, K., M. Dowsey, P. Choong, and T. Peel. "Risk factors for superficial wound complications in hip and knee arthroplasty." Clinical Microbiology and Infection 20, no. 2 (February 2014): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-0691.12209.
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Lenguerrand, Erik, Michael R. Whitehouse, and Ashley W. Blom. "Risk factors associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection after knee replacement – Authors' reply." Lancet Infectious Diseases 19, no. 8 (August 2019): 807–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30348-2.
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Guo, Heng, Chi Xu, and Jiying Chen. "Risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection after primary artificial hip and knee joint replacements." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 14, no. 06 (June 30, 2020): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11013.
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Introduction: We aimed to explore the risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after primary artificial hip and knee joint replacements by performing a case-control study.
Methodology: The clinical data of patients receiving primary hip and knee joint replacements were retrospectively analyzed. The case group included 96 patients who suffered from PJI, comprising 42 cases of hip joint replacement and 54 cases of knee joint replacement. Another 192 patients who received joint replacement at the ratio of 1:2 in the same period and did not suffer from PJI were selected as the control group. Differences between the two groups were compared in regard to etiology, pathogen, blood type, urine culture, body mass index (BMI), surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative 1st day and total drainage volumes, length of hospitalization stay, and history of surgery at the affected sites.
Results: Gram-positive bacteria were the main pathogens for PJI. The most common infection after hip joint replacement was caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis, which accounted for 38.10%, while Staphylococcus aureus was mainly responsible for the infection of knee joint (40.74%). High BMI, long surgical time, large postoperative drainage volume, long hospitalization stay, history of surgery at incisions, previous use of immunosuppressants, preoperative hypoproteinemia and superficial infection were independent risk factors (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: PJI after primary replacement was mainly caused by gram-positive bacteria, and patients with high BMI, long surgical time, large postoperative drainage volume, long hospitalization stay, history of surgery at incisions, previous use of immunosuppressants, preoperative hypoproteinemia and superficial infection were more vulnerable.
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Peel, T. N., M. M. Dowsey, J. R. Daffy, P. A. Stanley, P. F. M. Choong, and K. L. Buising. "Risk factors for prosthetic hip and knee infections according to arthroplasty site." Journal of Hospital Infection 79, no. 2 (October 2011): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2011.06.001.
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Babkin, Yuri, David Raveh, Moshe Lifschitz, Menachem Itzchaki, Yonit Wiener-Well, Puah Kopuit, Ziona Jerassy, and Amos M. Yinnon. "Incidence and risk factors for surgical infection after total knee replacement." Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 39, no. 10 (January 2007): 890–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00365540701387056.
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Simon, Samantha, and Brian Hollenbeck. "Risk factors for surgical site infections in knee and hip arthroplasty patients." American Journal of Infection Control 50, no. 2 (February 2022): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2021.11.006.
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Davis, Brian, Todd Phillips, Olivia Barron, Brett Heldt, Andrew Bratsman, Rowland Pettit, and Anup Shah. "Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after ambulatory arthroscopic knee surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence and risk factors (109)." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 10_suppl5 (October 1, 2021): 2325967121S0025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00259.
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Objectives: Over 100,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions are performed in the United States annually, yet the reported incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the use of VTE thromboprophylaxis after ACL reconstruction and other arthroscopic knee surgeries still varies widely. Current VTE risk assessment scores, for example the Caprini score, incorporate arthroscopic surgery as a known risk factor but were not developed for stratification of an outpatient ambulatory surgical patient population. There is no current consensus to guide the orthopedic surgeon in prescribing chemoprophylactic agents after arthroscopic knee surgery. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence, efficacy, and risk factors for VTE specifically following knee arthroscopic procedures. The null hypotheses of this study was that previously defined risk factors for VTE after ambulatory knee arthroscopy (age over 60 years, BMI greater than 30 kg/m2, tobacco use, prior VTE, malignancy, coagulopathy, oral contraceptive use, family history of coagulopathy, and prolonged tourniquet time greater than 90 minutes) would not reach statistical significance when compared across multiple cohorts. Our hypothesis is that a systematic review and meta-analysis of these variables will reject the null hypotheses with a significance of level of p < .05. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using data collected from 30 cohort and therapeutic trials (721,005 patients) published between January 2000 and April 2020 to compare both the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) and associated risk factors after knee arthroscopy with or without thromboprophylaxis in adults. Ultrasound, venography, and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis codes were deemed acceptable detection methods for VTE. We also performed a meta-analysis of published patient characteristics and risk factors in developing VTE after arthroscopic knee procedures. Individual studies were not evaluated for symptomatic versus asymptomatic VTE detection criteria or methods. Results: Of 331 eligible articles, 6 therapeutic RCTs and 24 cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall incidence of DVT and PE was found to be 0.97% and 0.03% respectively. Analysis of the RCTs was found to support the use of prophylactic anticoagulation in preventing DVTs (relative risk: 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.44). After analysis of the cohort studies, age greater than 60 years was found to be a statistically significant risk factor for VTE (OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.03 – 3.29; p=.04) while a history of malignancy (OR: 2.61, 95% CI: 0.97 – 7.00; p=.06), and history of previous VTE (OR: 4.14, 95% CI: 0.90 – 19.14, p=.07) trended toward significance. Other factors such as BMI greater than 30 kg/m2, tobacco use, tourniquet time, personal or family history of coagulopathy, and oral contraceptive use were not found to be statistically significant risk factors for VTE after knee arthroscopy, however there were limited studies (one to three studies per risk factor) available to distinguish of a majority of these variables. Conclusions: Our results show that the overall incidence of DVT in adults after arthroscopic knee surgery is approaching 1% and that of PE is exceedingly rare, however this may be underestimated if asymptomatic VTE is not identified. Despite a low incidence of VTE after knee arthroscopy, thromboprophylaxis is effective in preventing VTE and trends in risk factors exist in ambulatory sports medicine patients diagnosed with VTE post-operatively. The risk for adverse bleeding events while taking chemoprophylaxis and requires further research. Only rejection of the null hypothesis on age over 60 years was statistically significant, however other defined risk factors may be clinically significant. With these results, we conclude that a preoperative assessment may be warranted in identifying at-risk, high risk, or multi-risk patients for which prophylactic anticoagulation postoperatively after knee arthroscopic procedures may be beneficial. A modified version of the Caprini score specifically stratifying these risk factors in an ambulatory sports medicine population may be valuable to the practicing orthopedic arthroscopic surgeon. More research is warranted for identifying risk factors to better stratify this unique patient population.
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Asensio, Angel, Antonio Ramos, Elena Múñez, José L. Vilanova, Pedro Torrijos, and Fernando J. Garcia. "Preoperative Low Molecular Weight Heparin as Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Patients at Risk for Prosthetic Infection After Knee Arthroplasty." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 26, no. 12 (December 2005): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/505451.
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AbstractObjective:To investigate the effect of preoperative initiation of low molecular weight heparin as prophylaxis for deep venous thrombosis in patients at risk of developing surgical-site infections after knee arthroplasty.Design:Case–control study nested in a cohort. The incidence of surgical-site infection in the cohort was calculated. With the use of data extracted from medical histories and after adjustment for other risk factors, the effect of preoperative heparinization on the risk of incisional and prosthetic infection among case-patients and control-patients (1:3 ratio) was assessed.Setting:Orthopedic department in a tertiary-care referral hospital.Patients:A cohort of 160 consecutive patients who had received prosthetic knee implants between October 1, 2001, and November 30, 2003.Results:Eighteen patients with surgical-site infections were identified, yielding an incidence of incisional and prosthetic infection of 6.9 (95% confidence interval [CI95], 3.5 to 12.0) and 4.4 (CI95,1.8 to 8.8) cases per 100 patients undergoing surgery, respectively. Surgical-site infection was associated with preoperative use of low molecular weight heparin (odds ratio [OR], 6.2 after adjustment for medical and surgical factors; CI95, 1.5 to 23). Prosthetic infection was strongly associated with preoperative use of prophylaxis (OR, undetermined [100% exposure in case-patients vs 35% exposure in control-patients]; P = .002), but incisional surgical-site infection was not.Conclusion:The use of low molecular weight heparins immediately before knee arthroplasty as prophylaxis for deep venous thrombosis should be questioned because of probable increased risk of prosthetic infection.
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Tsonga, Theano, Maria Michalopoulou, Stylianos Kapetanakis, Eirini Giovannopoulou, Paraskevi Malliou, George Godolias, and Panagiotis Soucacos. "Risk Factors for Fear of Falling in Elderly Patients with Severe Knee Osteoarthritis before and One Year after Total Knee Arthroplasty." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 24, no. 3 (December 2016): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1602400306.
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Purpose To evaluate the regression of fear of falling (FOF) and identify its risk factors in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis before and one year after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods 11 men and 57 women with a mean age of 73 years and a mean body mass index of 30.36 kg/m2 who had severe (grade 3 or 4) knee osteoarthritis and knee pain of ≥1 year were included. Two weeks before and one year after TKA, patients were asked about their FOF status and falls history. Patients were asked to complete the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, Short Form 36 (SF-36), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaires. Clinical performance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Results Of the 68 patients, 56 (82.4%) had FOF preoperatively and 30 (44.1%) had FOF one year after TKA (p<0.001). The strongest predictors for FOF preoperatively were fallers (odds ratio [OR]=9.83, p=0.028), mental component summary (MCS) score of SF-36 (OR=0.88, p=0.024), and TUG (OR=3.4, p=0.013). The strongest predictors for FOF one year postoperatively were fallers (OR=16.51, p=0.041), patients with ≥2 chronic diseases (OR=17.33, p=0.011), physical function score of WOMAC (OR=1.015, p=0.005), and MCS score of SF-36 (OR=0.86, p=0.015). Conclusion TKA positively affected FOF and gradually reduced the FOF rate over a year period after TKA in an elderly population.
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Berbari, Elie F., Douglas R. Osmon, Brian Lahr, Jeanette E. Eckel-Passow, Geoffrey Tsaras, Arlen D. Hanssen, Tad Mabry, James Steckelberg, and Rodney Thompson. "The Mayo Prosthetic Joint Infection Risk Score: Implication for Surgical Site Infection Reporting and Risk Stratification." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 33, no. 8 (August 2012): 774–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/666641.
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Objective.The goal of this study was to develop a prognostic scoring system for the development of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) that could risk-stratify patients undergoing total hip (THA) or total knee (TKA) arthroplasties.Design.Previously reported case-control study.Setting.Tertiary referral care setting from 2001 through 2006.Methods.A derivation data set of 339 cases and 339 controls was used to develop 2 scores. A baseline score and a 1-month-postsurgery risk score were computed as a function of the relative contributions of risk factors for each model. Points were assigned for the presence of each factor and then summed to get a subject's risk score.Results.The following risk factors were detected from multivariable modeling and incorporated into the baseline Mayo PJI risk score: body mass index, prior other operation on the index joint, prior arthroplasty, immunosuppression, ASA score, and procedure duration (c index, 0.722). The 1-month-postsurgery risk score contained the same variables in addition to postoperative wound drainage (cindex, 0.716).Conclusion.The baseline score might help with risk stratification in relation to public reporting and reimbursement as well as targeted prevention strategies in patients undergoing THA or TKA. The application of the 1-month-postsurgery PJI risk score to patients undergoing THA or TKA might benefit those undergoing workup for PJI.
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Lenguerrand, Erik, Michael R. Whitehouse, Andrew D. Beswick, Setor K. Kunutsor, Pedro Foguet, Martyn Porter, and Ashley W. Blom. "Risk factors associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection following knee replacement: an observational cohort study from England and Wales." Lancet Infectious Diseases 19, no. 6 (June 2019): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30755-2.
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Subramanyam, Krishna, and Subhadra Poornima. "Genetic Insights of Primary knee osteoarthritis." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 9_suppl7 (September 1, 2020): 2325967120S0052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00529.
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Introduction: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is charecterised by focal loss of joint articular cartilage, osteophyte formation and sub chondral bone remodelling. Common clinical symptoms include pain, stiffness, limitation of the joint movement and swelling. OA is the most common joint disease worldwide and the knee is the common site involved. Classical risk factors of OA include age, gender, weight, joint injury, trauma. However, family history/Hereditary component is the one of the crucial factors. knee OA is a complex disease with environmental and genetic factors associated with its development and progression. Hypotheses: It is classified as primary when no discernible cause is evident and secondary when a triggering factor is apparent. However primary OA possesses significant genetic component. Despite the fact that OA is a late onset advanced age disease the increasing incidence of OA individuals below the age of 55 years and the fact that the several members of the same family are affected suggest a genetic predisposition. Hence, there is a need to identify molecular biomarkers associated with primary early knee osteoarthritis Methods: Several Genome wide association studies and candidate gene studies have identified genetic variants involved in the pathogenesis of OA like VDR, MMP, TGF, GDF5, COL11A1 and VEGF. Currently, the majority of genetic association studies on disease risk focused on identifying the individual’s effect on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Results: In the present study, ten gene polymorphisms were studied in Indian population. They are COL21, CRTL1, CRTM, ACE, VDR, GDF5, COG5, CYBA, SREBP2 and TGFβ1 genes which were selected based on their role in cartilage maintenance and bone remodelling. This is the first study in India which looked at the gene polymorphisms. Altogether 100 clinically diagnosed and radiologically confirmed early primary knee OA (KOA) cases and 100 controls with no musculoskeletal diseases, were recruited and molecular analysis was performed by routine PCR - RFLP techniques. Results indicated that COL21, CRTL1, ACE, GDF5, COG5, CYBA, SREBP2 and TGFβ1gene polymorphisms showed an association with the disease where as CRTM and VDR lack of association. Conclusion: These gene polymorphisms can be used as molecular biomarkers for identifying the individuals who are at risk of developing the disease ( primary knee osteoarthritis) and these molecular genotypes helps us in planning tailored treatment and management. It also help us to identify individuals who are at risk of developing knee osteoarthritis and preventive measures can be planned accordingly. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study in India which assessed these ten gene polymorphisms with primary early knee osteoarthritis.
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Berbari, Elie F., Douglas R. Osmon, Alan Carr, Arlen D. Hanssen, Larry M. Baddour, Doris Greene, Leo I. Kupp, et al. "Dental Procedures as Risk Factors for Prosthetic Hip or Knee Infection: A Hospital‐Based Prospective Case‐Control Study." Clinical Infectious Diseases 50, no. 1 (January 2010): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/648676.
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Vele, Paulina, Laura Damian, Siao-Pin Simon, Ioana Felea, Laura Muntean, Maria Tamas, and Simona Rednic. "GENERAL FEATURES OF CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DEPOSITION DISEASE." Romanian Journal of Rheumatology 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjr.2016.3.4.
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Background. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is due to deposition of calcium pyrophosphate to hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage and soft tissues. Clinical presentation may be as acute arthritis, chronic arthritis and associated with osteoarthritis. CPPD can be idiopathic or secondary, due to different metabolic diseases. Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, secondary causes and risk factors of symptomatic CPPD. Material and methods. Patients diagnosed with CPPD upon presentation for joint pain and/or limitation of motion in Cluj-Napoca Rheumatology Department, were prospectively included in the study. Demographic data, clinical features, laboratory parameters for secondary causes of CPPD and risk factors were recorded. Results. The study included 40 patients with CPPD. A percentage of 70% patients presented with acute arthritis. The knee was the most affected joint. During the assessment for secondary CPPD, three patients with hypomagnesaemia and one patient with hypophosphatasia were found. Screening for alkaptonuria was negative in all patients tested (30 patients). Regarding risk factors, 65% of patients were over 60 years old, osteoarthritis was associated in 80% of cases, joint injury in 2%, meniscectomy in 6%, diuretics use in 18%, family history of CPPD 2%. Conclusions. Acute arthritis of the knee is the most frequent form of CPPD presentation. Ageing and osteoarthritis are common risk factors for CPPD. Although secondary causes of CPPD are rare, screening is very important.
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Miptah, Hayatul Najaa, Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham, Selvyn LLyod, and Anis Safura Ramli. "Septic Arthritis of the Knee and Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Young Immunocompetent Adult: A Case Report." Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v3i2.7192.
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Septic arthritis is uncommon in immunocompetent young adults. It typically presents in individuals with underlying risk factors. Isolation of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) as the causative agent of septic arthritis is usually associated with autoimmune diseases, chronic skin infections or trauma. Here we report a case of a young lady who is immunocompetent without any prior history of trauma, who presented with an abrupt onset of left knee pain and swelling to the emergency department. An initial diagnosis of acute gout was made and she was treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). She presented again two days later to a primary care clinic with worsening knee pain and severe left calf pain. A clinical diagnosis of septic arthritis was suspected and the patient was urgently referred to the Orthopaedic team. Synovial fluid from the knee joint aspiration showed growth of GAS. A diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis was also made as the culture taken from the left calf during incision and drainage (I&D) procedure showed a mixed growth. She eventually underwent surgical debridement twice, together with the administration of several courses of intravenous antibiotics leading to her full recovery after 45 days. This case demonstrates the challenge in making a prompt diagnosis of septic arthritis and probable Type II necrotizing fasciitis in an immunocompetent adult without underlying risk factors. Any delay in diagnosis and treatment would have increased the risk of damage to her knee joint and this may be fatal even in a previously healthy young adult.
KEYWORDS: septic arthritis, immunocompetent, Group A streptococcus, necrotizing fasciitis
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Salesky, Madeleine, Ryan Halvorson, Alan Zhang, Brian Feeley, C. Benjamin Ma, Nicholas Colyvas, Andrew Leavitt, Drew Lansdown, and Jordan Holler. "Poster 222: Venous Thromboembolism Risk factors and Prophylaxis Patterns in Knee Arthroscopy: A Large Database Study." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 7_suppl5 (July 1, 2022): 2325967121S0078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00783.
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Objectives: Incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after knee arthroscopy is reportedly low, but rates vary significantly across literature. Current guidelines recommend against routine perioperative thromboprophylaxis, but prescribing practices and VTE risk factors are poorly understood. Methods: Medical records for patients ≥18 years of age were queried from the Pearl Diver database using CPT codes for arthroscopic knee procedures. Patients with a previous diagnosis of VTE or hyper-coagulable disorder were excluded from analyses. Procedures were grouped by rehabilitation protocols, with restrictive procedures requiring a period of non-weightbearing or postoperative immobilization. Patients who received perioperative thromboprophylaxis were identified. Patients diagnosed with VTE, including pulmonary embolism and/or deep vein thrombosis, within 90 days of surgery were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to identify VTE risk factors and likelihood of thromboprophylaxis prescription. Covariates included age, restrictive rehabilitation protocols, oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use, and medical comorbidities. Results: A total of 718,289 patients underwent knee arthroscopy from 2011 to 2020. 10,769 patients (1.5%) received perioperative thromboprophylaxis, including aspirin (n=5,353, 0.7%), low molecular weight heparin (n=4,563, 0.6%) and factor Xa inhibitors (n=947, 0.1%). A total of 7,618 patients (1.1%) experienced VTE. Perioperative prophylaxis was associated with decreased odds of experiencing VTE (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51 to 0.79) (Table 1). Restrictive procedure type was associated with increased odds of experiencing VTE (aOR =1.42, 95% CI = 1.34 to 1.50) and receiving prophylaxis (aOR=1.95, 95% CI = 1.87 to 2.05). OCP use (aOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.37 to 1.91), renal disease (aOR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.18 to 1.50) and congestive heart failure (aOR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.49) were associated with increased odds of VTE. Tobacco use was associated with increased odds of VTE (aOR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.22), but decreased odds of receiving perioperative prophylaxis (aOR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.91). Malignancy was associated with increased odds of receiving prophylaxis (aOR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.29) but not with increased odds of VTE. Conclusions: Procedures with restrictive rehabilitation protocols, OCP use, renal disease, and congestive heart failure are associated with increased odds of VTE following knee arthroscopy. Conversely, the use of perioperative thromboprophylaxis is associated with significantly lower odds of VTE. Risk factors for postoperative VTE are not always correlated with increased likelihood of receiving perioperative thromboprophylaxis. Patients with a tobacco use history may be an at-risk population that can be better selected for thromboprophylaxis when clinically appropriate. [Table: see text]
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Manzotti, Alfonso, Miriam Grassi, Marco Mattia Larghi, Francesca Moioli, and Davide Brioschi. "Periprosthetic joint infections: a 20 years retrospective epidemiological study in a single european accademic hospital." Hong Kong Journal of Orthopaedic Research 4, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37515/ortho.8231.4303.
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Introduction: Periprosthetic Joint infections (PJIs) still represent one of the most challenging complications in orthopaedic reconstructive surgery. The aim of our work is to present a retrospective observational analysis with 20 years of follow up of PJIs referred to a single center equipped with a regional referral infectious diseases department. Materials and methods: 368 case of deep PJIs following a primary or revision hip and knee arthroplasty procedure referred to our center between January 1996 and December 2016 were included in the study. Criteria of inclusion in the study was a primary PJI entirely managed in our hospital. We collected demographic data, risk factors, microbiology (identification pathogenic agent), previous surgical treatments, type of implant, diagnostic criteria of infection, type of infection and medical or surgical treatments performed in our institution Results: A total of 200 (54,3%) infection occurs in hip arthroplasty and 168 (45,7%) in knee arthroplasty. Mean age was 64,7 years. The majority were late infections (58,8%). Respectively polymicrobial infections was identified in 83 (22,6%) cases and in 54 (14,7%) patients no isolation was possible. S. Aureus was the most frequently identified pathogen. The major risk factors were hypertension in 254 (69,1%), cardiovascular diseases in 167 (45,7%), obesity in 97 (26,5%) and diabetes mellitus in 92 (25%). Discussion: Epidemiological analysis of PJI in our hospital which collects data relating to the last 20 years, has permitted to obtain a summary of our scenario. Ideal PJI management should include an accurate patient history considering carefully risk factors, patients conditions, and previous surgical procedures ideally in a multispecialist enviroment.
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Sudirman, Sabri, Po-Sheng Tseng, Chun-Kai Chen, David Tsou, and Zwe-Ling Kong. "Seahorse Protein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Proinflammatory Mediators and Cartilage Degradation on Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis with an Obesity Rat Model." BioMed Research International 2022 (April 25, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4117520.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the age-related diseases and is highly present on the knees. Obesity and mechanical injuries as a risk factor of OA are attributed to cartilage disintegration, joint loading, and inflammation. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of seahorse protein hydrolysate (SH) on posttraumatic osteoarthritis in an obesity rat. The OA model was developed by anterior cruciate ligament transection with medial meniscectomy in a high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obesity rat model. The male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a HFD for 6 weeks before OA surgery. The OA rats were treated with oral gavage by 4, 8, or 20 mg/kg of body weight of SH for 6 weeks of treatment. The expressions of plasma proinflammatory factors, C-telopeptide of type II collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 3 and MMP-13 were reduced by SH treatment. Plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were enhanced by SH. SH also relieved the pain of the knee joint and swelling as well as decreased proteoglycan loss in the knee articular cartilage caused by osteoarthritis. Based on these results, SH suppressed proinflammatory factors and attenuated cartilage degradation and pain in the OA model. Therefore, seahorse protein hydrolysate might be a potential opportunity for improving the development of osteoarthritis.
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Sudirman, Sabri, Po-Sheng Tseng, Chun-Kai Chen, David Tsou, and Zwe-Ling Kong. "Seahorse Protein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Proinflammatory Mediators and Cartilage Degradation on Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis with an Obesity Rat Model." BioMed Research International 2022 (April 25, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4117520.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the age-related diseases and is highly present on the knees. Obesity and mechanical injuries as a risk factor of OA are attributed to cartilage disintegration, joint loading, and inflammation. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of seahorse protein hydrolysate (SH) on posttraumatic osteoarthritis in an obesity rat. The OA model was developed by anterior cruciate ligament transection with medial meniscectomy in a high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obesity rat model. The male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a HFD for 6 weeks before OA surgery. The OA rats were treated with oral gavage by 4, 8, or 20 mg/kg of body weight of SH for 6 weeks of treatment. The expressions of plasma proinflammatory factors, C-telopeptide of type II collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 3 and MMP-13 were reduced by SH treatment. Plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were enhanced by SH. SH also relieved the pain of the knee joint and swelling as well as decreased proteoglycan loss in the knee articular cartilage caused by osteoarthritis. Based on these results, SH suppressed proinflammatory factors and attenuated cartilage degradation and pain in the OA model. Therefore, seahorse protein hydrolysate might be a potential opportunity for improving the development of osteoarthritis.
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van der Molen, Henk F., Carel TJ Hulshof, and P. Paul FM Kuijer. "How to improve the assessment of the impact of occupational diseases at a national level? The Netherlands as an example." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, no. 1 (October 8, 2018): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-105387.
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ObjectiveTo explore the impact of occupational diseases (ODs) through estimations of population attributable fractions (PAFs) in a national context.MethodsPAFs were calculated for eight prevalent ODs using existing data on the prevalence of exposure to risk factors at work and the strength of their association with diseases based on systematic reviews. Six systematic reviews with meta-analyses and two overview papers were selected. All addressed the relationship between occupational exposure to work-related risk factors for these eight prevalent ODs. Prevalence figures for exposure to work-related risk factors were retrieved from the Dutch National Working Conditions Survey (NWCS) based on self-reports by approximately 40 000 workers. The specific risk factors retrieved from the reviews were matched with the available and dichotomised self-reported exposure items from the NWCS by two authors.ResultsThe eight frequently reported ODs among the Dutch working population revealed PAFs varying between 3% and 25%. Lateral epicondylitis and distress/burnout had the highest attributable fractions, with percentages of 25% and 18%, respectively. For knee osteoarthritis (13%), shoulder soft tissue disorders (10%) and non-specific low back pain (10%) approximately 1 in 10 cases were attributable to work. PAFs for irritant contact dermatitis, noise-induced hearing loss and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 15%, 6% and 3%, respectively.ConclusionData from systematic reviews and self-reported data on exposure provide opportunities to estimate the impact of ODs. For the Netherlands, they revealed substantial and varying attributions of work for prevalent diseases.
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Grammatico-Guillon, Leslie, Sabine Baron, Philippe Rosset, Christophe Gaborit, Louis Bernard, Emmanuel Rusch, and Pascal Astagneau. "Surgical Site Infection After Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Cohort Study Using a Hospital Database." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 36, no. 10 (July 8, 2015): 1198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.148.
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BACKGROUNDHip or knee arthroplasty infection (HKAI) leads to heavy medical consequences even if rare.OBJECTIVETo assess the routine use of a hospital discharge detection algorithm of prosthetic joint infection as a novel additional tool for surveillance.METHODSA historic 5-year cohort study was built using a hospital database of people undergoing a first hip or knee arthroplasty in 1 French region (2.5 million inhabitants, 39 private and public hospitals): 32,678 patients with arthroplasty code plus corresponding prosthetic material code were tagged. HKAI occurrence was then tracked in the follow-up on the basis of a previously validated algorithm using International Statistical Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, codes as well as the surgical procedures coded. HKAI density incidence was estimated during the follow-up (up to 4 years after surgery); risk factors were analyzed using Cox regression.RESULTSA total of 604 HKAI patients were identified: 1-year HKAI incidence was1.31%, and density incidence was 2.2/100 person-years in hip and 2.5/100 person-years in knee. HKAI occurred within the first 30 days after surgery for 30% but more than 1 year after replacement for 29%. Patients aged 75 years or older, male, or having liver diseases, alcohol abuse, or ulcer sore had higher risk of infection. The inpatient case fatality in HKAI patients was 11.4%.CONCLUSIONSThe hospital database method used to measure occurrence and risk factors of prosthetic joint infection helped to survey HKAI and could optimize healthcare delivery.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(10):1198–1207
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Kolesnichenko, Vira, Gregory Golka, Taras Khanyk, and Victor Veklych. "Epidemiology of knee osteoarthritis." Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Medicine", no. 43 (December 1, 2021): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-12.
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Introduction. Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a progressive incurable disease, which in the case of a severe course at a late stage leads to total joint replacement. Recently, experts have focused their attention to the prevention and treatment of early osteoarthritis, so it is important to understand the prevalence, frequency, and modified risk factors for knee OA. The aim is to investigate the patterns of morbidity and prevalence of osteoarthritis of the knee joint on the basis of scientific analysis of relevant modern literature. Materials and methods. Research material – scientific articles in the MEDLINE database for the period 2016–2020, reflecting the epidemiological indicators of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, and additional search for articles from bibliographic lists of selected literature sources. Research methods – a systematic review of relevant sources of literature. Results. Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is one of the most common diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The frequency of osteoarthritis steadily increases with age, overweight. The progressive nature of the disease, the presence of persistent pain lead to limited functionality and reduced efficiency; such patients in some cases require surgical treatment aimed at replacing the compromised joint, which requires significant economic costs, medical rehabilitation and social readaptation of patients and is a heavy burden for both the patient and society as a whole. The lack of correlation between clinical symptoms and radiological signs of osteoarthritis of the knee joint leads to low availability of orthopedic care: more than 30 % of patients with a first diagnosis have a pronounced stage of the disease, and in some cases the pathology is diagnosed only in connection with complications; the diagnosis of osteoarthritis due to the high percentage of painless development of the disease (40 %) is often established in the terminal stages. All this indicates the need for further research on various factors influencing the frequency, prevalence, economic and social burden of osteoarthritis of the knee. Conclusions. Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is characterized by high incidence, which increases with age, progressive course, limited functional capabilities. Treatment of such patients requires significant economic costs of society. A significant increase in the prevalence of osteoarthritis of the knee is associated with increased life expectancy, obesity and some other factors that require further research.
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Moulishree Ramesh, Karthik Ganesh Mohanraj, and Don K R. "Association between osteoarthritis of knee joint with gender, diabetes and work related diseases in middle aged and old aged population - A survey." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (September 9, 2020): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.2900.
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Osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal disorder where thinning of cartilage fibers occurs in the joints which causes stiffness, pain, and impairment. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder where the blood sugar level is not maintained properly at normal range. Knee joint osteoarthritis is one of the commonest arthritis. Age is said to be an essential risk factor for diabetes and arthritis. A well-structured set of self-evaluable questionnaires were circulated among the south Indian population. The data was collected by the survey planet link, the questions were verified by the institutional review board and the data was collected and analyzed. The variables were randomized to reduce bias. The data collected were manipulated and statistically analyzed. The awareness level and the suggestions regarding the relation between age, gender, diabetes, and knee joint arthritis were questioned and the opinions discussed. It was found that about 61.9% of the population suffers from osteoarthritic conditions. 46.4% of the population are sure and 43.3% population somewhat believe that onset of osteoarthritis is due to their diabetic condition. About 25.8% sure and 34% somewhat agree with the other risk factors of osteoarthritis. 43.3% of the population strongly agrees, 23.7% agree that obesity is a risk factor for both diabetes and osteoarthritis. About 47.4% of the populations are sure about the association between osteoarthritis and diabetes. The response shows that there is a relation between osteoarthritis and diabetes. So further studies should be made over the relation between diabetes and knee joint osteoarthritis among the middle and old aged population and the mechanism behind it and spread awareness about the same.
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Joshi, Vibha, Nitin Kumar Joshi, Praveen Suthar, and Yogesh Kumar Jain. "Non-communicable diseases risk factors among government school teachers in Jodhpur, Rajasthan." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v10i4.20895.
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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are considered as life-style diseases. School teachers' behavior in this context could be transmitted to students that may act as determining factor of prevention for NCDs at primordial level. Aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of risk factors among teachers and their practices with respect to common NCDs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jodhpur among 394 government school teachers. Questionnaire was adopted from WHO STEPS tool and responses were documented which included socio-demographic details, anthropometric measurements and risk factors including diet, hours of physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake. Mean age of participants was 43 years out of which 23% were found to be having blood pressure more than 140/90 mm of Hg at the time of interview. 4.8% consumed alcohol and 1.5% was smokers. Mean body mass index (BMI) was found to be 25.4 while only 13% had their cholesterol checked post 35 years of age. The 23.6% had knowledge of reducing fat by using the right type of cooking oil, 35.7% were engaged in any daily physical activity and 76% knew that excess salt was not good for health. This survey assessed baseline levels by identifying the overall prevalence and associated risk factors that provided first step towards initiating surveillance for NCDs among school teachers in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, whilst delivering the necessary information concerning with developing a suitable framework for determining priorities over intervention.
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Kooshkaki, Omid, Elham Atabati, Majid Shayesteh, Fatemeh Salmani, and Gholamreza A. Sarab. "The Association Between Knee Osteoarthritis and HLA-DRB1*0101 in the East of Iran." Current Rheumatology Reviews 16, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397115666190716114738.
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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful social problem, which breaks down the articular cartilage, causes the failure of synovial joints and subchondral bone sclerosis. OA etiology is not completely understood, but joint trauma, infection, obesity, and diseases are the most important risk factors for OA developing. Recent studies suggested inflammatory factors and genetic components can be involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Experimental evidences suggest a linkage between Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genetic diversity and OA. But a few studies have been conducted in this subject. Objective: To investigate the association between HLA-DRB1*0101 and OA in Iranian patients. Methods: Thirty patients with knee osteoarthritis and 30 healthy people as the control group were included in the study. Sex, weight, age, Body mass index (BMI) and height of all participants were recorded. HLA-DRB1*0101 was typed by PCR using the sequence-specific primer. Results: Our results showed 80% of knee osteoarthritis patients were positively HLA-DRB1*0101 (n=24), while only 26.7% of controls were positive (n=8) (P= 0.015). Conclusion: These findings proposed that there is a significant association between HLADRB1* 0101 and susceptibility to knee osteoarthritis.
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Roshan A, Kavitha S, Sridevi G, Vishnu Priya V, and Gayathri R. "Knowledge and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors among young adults." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (September 18, 2020): 824–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3030.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are becoming a major cause of death worldwide. Understanding the risk factors for CVD could provide important perception towards the etiology, course, prevention, and treatment for this key health problem. Aim of the survey was to create awareness on the cardiovascular risk factors among young adults. A self-administrated questionnaire was prepared and circulated via an online platform. The data were and the results represented as a bar graph. The data were with SPSS software (SPSS). In this survey, about 52% of the young adults were aware of cardiovascular risk factors, about 57.4% of subjects agreed that smoking is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, but 42% were not aware of it. 65.3% are aware that elevated blood pressure is also a risk factor for CVD. 56.4% knew that obesity increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease, but 44% did not agree with that. The survey concluded that there was moderate awareness among young adults about the risk factors of cardiovascular disease, and hence more health awareness should be created for common cardiovascular diseases.
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Andersson, Maria L. E., Emma Haglund, Katarina Aili, Ann Bremander, and S. Bergman. "Cohort profile: the Halland osteoarthritis (HALLOA) cohort–from knee pain to osteoarthritis: a longitudinal observational study in Sweden." BMJ Open 12, no. 7 (July 2022): e057086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057086.
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PurposeThe overall objective in this study is to investigate the early development of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) and its association with hand or/and knee OA, metabolic diseases, biomarkers, chronic pain, physical function and daily physical activity types.ParticipantsThe Halland osteoarthritis (HALLOA) cohort is a longitudinal cohort study that includes individuals with knee pain in the southwest of Sweden. Enrolment took place from 2017 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were current knee pain, with no former known radiographic knee OA and no cruciate ligament rupture or rheumatological disorder. The participants were recruited: (1) when seeking care for knee pain in primary healthcare or (2) by advertisements in local newspapers. There are 306 individuals included in the study, mean age (SD) 51.7 (8.7) years and 69% are women. The baseline and follow-ups include clinical tests, radiographical examinations, blood samples, metabolic measures, pain pressure thresholds, tests of physical functions, daily physical activity types and patient-reported outcomes.Findings to dateThere were associations between metabolic factors and radiographic knee OA, even in those with normal body mass index at baseline. In addition, clinical hand OA was positively associated with fasting plasma glucose. We also found that modifiable factors as increased visceral fat and total body fat were associated with increased pain sensitivity among individuals with knee pain.Future plansBy studying possible pathophysiological mechanisms of OA over time, we aim to provide new insights on OA progression, identify usable preventive measures helping the clinicians in the management of the disease and improve health for the patients. It is also important to study the development of chronic pain in OA, to get tools to identify individuals at risk and to be able to offer them treatment.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04928170).
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Dai, Wen-Li, Ze-Ming Lin, Zhan-Jun Shi, and Jian Wang. "Venous Thromboembolic Events after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Which Patients Are at a High Risk?" Journal of Knee Surgery 33, no. 10 (May 24, 2019): 947–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688962.
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AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE; deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) is a known complication following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to investigate the trends of the incidence of VTE after primary TKA and identify associated risk factors for the occurrence of VTEs in a large cohort of TKA patients. We performed a retrospective study in which the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was used to identify all patients who underwent primary TKA over a period of 13 consecutive years (between 2002 and 2014) in the United States. The occurrence of a symptomatic VTE was identified with the use of ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification) diagnosis codes. A total of 1,460,901 primary TKA procedures were identified in the NIS from 2002 to 2014, and 12,944 of these patients were recorded as having 13,855 VTEs, consisting of 7,609 deep venous thromboses (0.52%) and 6,246 pulmonary emboli (0.43%). The overall VTE incidence in patients undergoing TKA in the United States from 2002 to 2014 was 0.89%. Patient-related risk factors for VTEs include an older age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31–1.59), black race (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.25–1.44), and Medicare insurance (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13–1.22). Most of the comorbidities were associated with an increased risk of VTE following TKA. Particularly, cardiac arrhythmias, coagulopathy, fluid and electrolyte disorders, pulmonary circulation disorders, and weight loss increased the risk of VTE by more than twofold. After adjusting for confounders, VTE was associated with a longer hospital stay (2.81 ± 0.02 day), increased costs (US$14,212.16 ± US$255.64), and higher mortality rate (OR: 13.04; 95% CI: 11.08–15.35). This nationally representative study of inpatients in the United States identified several independent risk factors for VTE perioperatively in TKA patients and provided evidence that VTE patients after TKA are likely to have worse results than non-VTE patients with regard to the length of hospital stay, hospital costs, and inhospital mortality. This is a level III, prognostic study.
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Stępień, Karolina, Karol Kosterna, and Ireneusz Babiak. "Infection complicating 794 primary and revision arthroscopies. Accuracy of actual prophylactic procedures against infection and results from a single orthopedic center in Poland." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 76, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0026.
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Abstract Introduction Septic arthritis after arthroscopy (SAAA) is a devasting complication which reported frequency varies about 0.04%–5.7%. The aim of the study is to analyze frequency of SAAA at one orthopedic center, risk factors and accuracy of actual prophylactic measures. Materials and Methods A retrospective study (level of evidence: V) includes 794 (665 primary and 129 revision) “clean” arthroscopies performed in the years 2017–2018 with confirmed joint infection during 30 days after operation without the use of non-resorbable implants and up to 1 year after procedures with non-resorbable implants. Demographic and medical data about potential risk factors of SAAA were analyzed: patients age, sex, operated joint, type of procedure, primary or revision procedure, the use of drains, usage of non-absorbable implant, time of surgery, BMI, time lapse from index operation to diagnosis of SAAA, length of hospital stay, causative microorganisms. All operations were performed by eight different but experienced surgeons, in operation theatre with vertical laminar flow with the capacity of 50 air exchanges per hour. The perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis consisted of one preoperative dose 1 g cefazolin in simple arthroscopies, which was prolonged to 24 hours with 3 doses in cases of implantation of non-absorbable implant (55.8% of patients). Results From 794 cases 4 have been infected: 2 after knee arthrolysis, one after ACL reconstruction and one after rotator cuff repair. There were 2 early, with manifestation within 30 days, and 2 late-onset SAAA. Infections occurred in 0.5% of all arthroscopies and in 0.47% of knee arthroscopies alone. Patients age and time of surgery have not been found significantly different in infected and non-infected cases, whereas age and time of surgery have been significantly different in revision and non-revision cases. Conclusions Primarily aseptic arthroscopic procedures performed with respect to actual perioperative preventive measures have a low risk of postoperative septic arthritis. The risk increases with patients age and time of operation, but not significantly.
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Khodzhanov, I. Yu, B. M. Mamasoliev, A. N. Tkachenko, O. A. Khamidov, and D. Sh Mansurov. "Is lower extremity vein pathology a risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis of the knee joint?" Ural Medical Journal 21, no. 2 (May 6, 2022): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52420/2071-5943-2022-21-2-19-25.
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The aim of the work was to assess the relationship between venous insufficiency and osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Materials and Methods. The study included 214 knee joints from April 2018 to March 2021 in 107 subjects (19 men, 88 women), mean age of patients was 54.6 ± 8.6 years (range, 40 to 73 years). The study group included 61 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis; the control group included 46 healthy volunteers without knee joint disease complaints. Demographic and clinical characteristics of all study participants were taken into account. The venous system of the lower extremities was assessed by ultrasound Doppler imaging. The results were assessed by standard radiography based on the Kellgren-Lawrence classification and ultrasonography. Pain severity was assessed using the Likert scale, and functioning was assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results. Venous insufficiency was detected in 40.9% of patients in the group of patients with knee osteoarthritis and in 15.2% of the control group (p=0.007). There was no statistically significant difference in cartilage thickness and Kellgren-Lawrence classification for the presence of venous insufficiency (p>0.05). However, the percentage of radiological medial tibial sclerosis was higher in patients with venous insufficiency in the osteoarthritis group (60%, p>0.05). Overall WOMAC scores were similar in both groups, whereas WOMAC pain scale scores were higher in patients with deep venous insufficiency (p>0.05). Discussion. Previously, researchers have found that patients with knee OA develop symptoms of chronic VH more frequently than their healthy peers, that VH and OA share common risk factors, and that the risk of these diseases increases with age. Our results showed no difference in the incidence of VN between groups after correction depending on age. Our results are consistent with the literature in that deep venous system lesions increase the risk of intraosseous hypertension to a greater extent than superficial venous system lesions. Conclusion. The evidence of increased radiological medial tibial sclerosis and higher WOMAC pain scale scores in patients with venous lesions in osteoarthritis create the hypothesis that venous pathology may affect the intraosseous bone microenvironment, leading to pain and early subchondral bone lesions, which manifest as subchondral sclerosis.
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Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda, Josélia O. A. Firmo, and Elizabeth Uchôa. "The Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging: methodology and health profile of participants at baseline." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 27, suppl 3 (2011): s327—s335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2011001500002.
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The cohort study was initiated in 1997 to investigate the incidence and predictors of health outcomes in an elderly population with low socio-economic level. The eligible population consisted of all 1,742 residents in Bambuí, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, aged 60 years and over (1,606 participated). During 10 years of follow-up, 641 participants died and 96 were lost, leading to 13,739 person-years of observation. The baseline health profile of participants revealed a double burden of diseases with high prevalence of chronic non-transmissible diseases and widespread Trypanosoma cruzi infection. The most common health condition was hypertension (61.5%), followed by chronic knee or hand symptoms (43.6%), common mental disorders (38.5%), T. cruzi infection (38.1%), and insomnia (36.7%). In general, the baseline prevalence of mental symptoms and cardiovascular diseases or risk factors was comparable to those found in populations in high income countries.
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Baier, Claas, Simon Adelmund, Frank Schwab, Christoph Lassahn, Iris Freya Chaberny, Frank Gossé, Ralf-Peter Vonberg, and Ella Ebadi. "Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection after total knee arthroplasty: Results of a retrospective cohort study." American Journal of Infection Control 47, no. 10 (October 2019): 1270–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2019.04.010.
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Chung, Pui M., Bolton KH Chau, Esther C.-S. Chow, Kwok H. Lam, and Nang MR Wong. "Factors that affect the one-year mortality rate after lower limb amputation in the Hong Kong Chinese population." Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation 28 (January 2021): 221049172110569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22104917211056949.
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Introduction Lower limb amputation has significant morbidity and mortality. This study reviews the potential factors affecting the one-year mortality rate after lower limb amputation in the Hong Kong Chinese population. Methods Cases with lower limb amputations (toe, ray, below-knee, and above-knee amputations) from a regional hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were recruited. Amputations due to trauma were excluded. The one-year mortality rate and the potential risk factors (age, sex, length-of-stay, multiple operations, extent of surgery (minor vs. major), medical comorbidities including (1) end-stage renal failure (ESRF), (2) cardiac diseases, (3) ischemic heart disease, (4) peripheral vascular disease and (5) diabetes mellitus) were analyzed by multiple logistic regression using Matlab 2018a. Results A total of 132 patients were recruited (173 operations). The one-year mortality rate was 36.3%. The mean age at death was 72.2 years. The results of the regression analysis showed patients having ESRF (β = 2.195, t 120 = 3.008, p = 0.003) or a major amputation (including above- or below-knee amputation) (β = 1.079, t 120 = 2.120, p = 0.034), had a significantly higher one-year mortality. The remaining factors showed no significant effect. The one-year mortality rate in ESRF patients was 77.8%; while the one-year mortality rate without ESRF was 29.8%. The mean age at death in the ESRF group was 62.9 years; while that without ESRF was 76.1 years. The one-year mortality for patients with major amputation was 45.8% while that for minor amputation was 20.4%. Conclusion ESRF and major amputation are factors that increase the one-year mortality rate after lower limb amputation.
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COBILINSCHI, Claudia, Flavia DUMITRU, and Ruxandra IONESCU. "AN IATROGENIC COMPLICATION IN A PATIENT WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series of Medicine 2, no. 2 (2021): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscimed.2021.1.25.
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most encountered chronic inflammatory rheumatic condition with a predominance in middle-aged women. If inadequately controlled and in the presence of risk factors, RA can lead to complications such as septic arthritis. The case presentation displays a 55-year-old female patient with a long history of RA that developed infection of the knee after repeated arthrocentesis for persistent arthritis. Empirical double parenteral antibiotherapy and methylprednisolone were initiated leading to favorable patient outcome before irreversible damage occurred. Septic arthritis should be considered in patients having chronic inflammatory diseases, especially if under immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids. Prompt intervention can decrease morbidity in RA patients.
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Elshambaty, Yasir B., Mohamed D. Gismalla, Ahmed S. Alomari, Abdulkareem A. Alghamdi, Abdulelah F. Almalki, and Ahmad S. Alzahrani. "Non-medical university students are not more knowledgeable than general population concerning serious diseases." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 3767. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183561.
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Background: The aim of this study was to know the level of awareness of non-medical university students of risk factors and symptoms of colorectal cancer.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Al Baha University among non-medical students between 1st of May and 30th of June 2017.Results: The study comprised (n=463) students. Smoking and sedentary life as risk factors to CRC was known by (55.3%) and (51.0%) respectively. less than half (42%) knew that alcohol is a risk factor. The vast majority of our students (68.7%) had known that fruits and vegetables can decrease the incidence of CRC. The symptoms of CRC that more recognized by participants were abdominal pain (43.2%) and bleeding per rectum(45.5%).Conclusions: We concluded that the overall knowledge of non-medical University students concerning the awareness of risk factors and symptomatology of colorectal cancer is poor and nearly similar to general population knowledge concerning this problem.
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Okello, Ivy, Eliakunda Mafie, Gillian Eastwood, Jahashi Nzalawahe, Leonard E. G. Mboera, and Samuel Onyoyo. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of African Animal Trypanosomiasis in Cattle in Lambwe, Kenya." Journal of Parasitology Research 2022 (July 14, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5984376.
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Background. African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) affects livestock productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine cattle AAT’s prevalence and associated risk factors in Lambwe Valley, Kenya. Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, livestock owners were recruited from four villages of Lambwe in Homa Bay, Kenya. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of cattle, and buffy coat smears were examined under a microscope. Parasites were further detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using a semistructured questionnaire, livestock owners were interviewed on their knowledge of AAT and control practices. Chi-square and multilevel models were used for the analysis. Results. The overall prevalence was 15.63% (71/454). Trypanosoma vivax 10.31% and T. congolense Savannah 6.01% were the common species and subspecies. A total of 61 livestock keepers were involved in the study. Of these, 91.80% (56/61) knew AAT, and 90.16% (55/61) could describe the symptoms well and knew tsetse fly bite as transmission mode. Self-treatment (54.09%; 33/61) was common, with up to 50.00% of the farmers using drugs frequently. Isometamidium (72.13%; 44/61) and diminazene (54.09%; 33/61) were drugs frequently used. Although 16.39% (10/61) of the farmers claimed to use chemoprophylactic treatment, 6/10 did not use the right drugs. Animals (92.1%; 58/63) with clinical signs had positive infections. Villages closer to the national park recorded a higher prevalence. Infections were higher in cattle owned by those self-treating (27.23%; 58/213), those using drug treatment without vector control (27.62%; 50/181), those using single-drug therapy, and those practicing communal grazing (20.00%; 59/295). Clinical signs strongly associate with positive infections under multilevel modeling. Conclusion. Cattle trypanosomiasis is prevalent in the Lambwe region of Kenya. This is influenced by inappropriate control practices, communal grazing, and the proximity of farms to the national park. In addition, clinical signs of the disease have a strong association with infections.
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McCulloch, Robert Allan, Amirul Adlan, Scott Evans, Michael Parry, Jonathan Stevenson, and Lee Jeys. "Outcomes of the gastrocnemius flap performed by orthopaedic surgeons in salvage revision knee arthroplasty." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 6, no. 9 (November 23, 2021): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jbji-6-425-2021.
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Abstract. Introduction: The gastrocnemius myofascial flap is used to manage soft-tissue defects over the anterior aspect of the knee in the context of a patient presenting with a sinus and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) or extensor mechanism failure. The aim of this study was twofold: firstly, to evaluate the outcomes of gastrocnemius flaps performed by appropriately trained orthopaedic surgeons in the context of PJI and, secondly, to evaluate the infection-free survival of this patient group. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients who underwent gastrocnemius flap reconstruction during staged revision total knee arthroplasty for prosthetic joint infection (PJI). All flaps were performed by an orthopaedic surgeon with orthoplastics training. Patients had a mean age of 68.9 years (range 50–84) and were followed up for a mean of 50.4 months (range 2–128 months). A total of 29 patients (97 %) were categorized into Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) local extremity grade 3 (greater than two compromising factors), and 52 % of PJIs were polymicrobial. The primary outcome measure was flap failure, and the secondary outcome measure was recurrent infection. Results: Flap survival was 100 % with no failures or early returns to theatre for flap problems such as necrosis or haematoma. Overall infection-free survival during the study period was 48 % (13 of 27 infected cases). Using limb salvage as the outcome, 77 % (23 of 30 patients) retained the limb. Infection recurrence occurred in 48 % (10 patients) in the type B3 cohort and 67 % (4 patients) in the type C3 cohort (p=0.65). Conclusions: The surgical technique for a gastrocnemius myofascial flap is reliable and reproducible when performed by appropriately trained orthopaedic surgeons, even in high-risk groups. However, the risks of recurrent infection and amputation remain high within our series due to poor host and extremity factors.
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Jakubiak, Grzegorz K., Natalia Pawlas, Grzegorz Cieślar, and Agata Stanek. "Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance of In-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Diabetes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 11970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211970.
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). In the population of people living with DM, PAD is characterised by multi-level atherosclerotic lesions as well as greater involvement of the arteries below the knee. DM is also a factor that significantly increases the risk of lower limb amputation. Percutaneous balloon angioplasty with or without stent implantation is an important method of the treatment for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, but restenosis is a factor limiting its long-term effectiveness. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in the course of DM differs slightly from that in the general population. In the population of people living with DM, more attention is drawn to such factors as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet dysfunction, blood rheological properties, hypercoagulability, and additional factors stimulating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. DM is a risk factor for restenosis. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the literature and to present the most important information on the current state of knowledge on mechanisms and the clinical significance of restenosis and in-stent restenosis in patients with DM, especially in association with the endovascular treatment of PAD. The role of such processes as inflammation, neointimal hyperplasia and neoatherosclerosis, allergy, resistance to antimitotic drugs used for coating stents and balloons, genetic factors, and technical and mechanical factors are discussed. The information on restenosis collected in this publication may be helpful in planning further research in this field, which may contribute to the formulation of more and more precise recommendations for the clinical practice.
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Köhler, Halbritter, Stroszczynski, Mahlmann, Beyer-Westendorf, and Weiss. "Determinants of intermediate term clinical outcome after endovascular below-knee interventions." Vasa 41, no. 6 (November 1, 2012): 440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000234.
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Background: To determine predictors of clinical outcome after endovascular interventions of crural arteries in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Patients and methods: We prospectively followed 154 limbs in 147 patients treated with below the knee endovascular interventions for critical limb ischemia (52 %) and severe claudication (48 %). Patient-immanent, hemodynamic-procedural and anatomic determinants of outcome were analyzed. Outcome was defined as event-free survival from the combined endpoint freedom from re-intervention, major amputation and death. Results: Cumulative event-free survival after 12 months was 65.1 %. During follow-up 42 patients (27.3 %) required re-intervention, 8 (5.2 %) underwent major amputation and 5 (3.2 %) died. In univariate analyses, the presence of critical limb ischemia, multilevel disease, age > 72 years, impaired renal function, and long lesions (> 65 mm) were significant determinants of the study endpoint. The anatomic location of the lesion, distal patency of treated artery below the ankle, cardiovascular risk factors or concomitant cardiovascular diseases, and the type of postinterventional antithrombotic treatment did not influence outcome. Conclusions: Below-knee interventions resulted in acceptable procedural mid-term results and high rates of amputation free survival. Multilevel disease, long lesions and impaired renal function were indicative of a worse outcome.
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Tedesco, Luisa Maria Roberta, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Francesco Napolitano, and Italo Francesco Angelillo. "Cardiovascular Diseases and Women: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior in the General Population in Italy." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/324692.
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Background. The objectives of the study were to document knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of women regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the determinants associated.Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional survey was conducted among a random sample of 830 women older than 18 years from the general population in Italy.Results. Almost all participants reported having heard about CVDs, and among them 89.4% and 74.7% identified smoking and high cholesterol level as risk factors. Only 26.5% identified the main CVDs risk factors. Women more knowledgeable were married and better educated and self-perceived a worse health status. Only 23% knew the main CVDs preventive measures and this knowledge was significantly higher in women who are unemployed, who are more educated, who have received information about CVDs from physicians, and who know the main risk factors. Respondents with lower education, those with at least three children, those who self-perceived a worse health status, and those who need information were most likely to have a positive attitude toward the perceived risk of developing CVDs. Women with two or three children or more were at high risk profiles 49% and 56% lower than women with one child.Conclusions. Educational programs are needed among women as support to improve knowledge and appropriate behavior about CVDs.
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Alisiya, Alisiya, Sulistiawati Sulistiawati, Patricia Maria Kurniawati, and RR Indrayuni Lukitra Wardhani. "Risk Factors of Body Mass Index (BMI), Age of Menarche, Parity and Hormonal Contraception of Genu Osteoarthritis in Female Patients." Folia Medica Indonesiana 57, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v57i2.23029.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease related to joint cartilage and commonly occurs in the knee joint. The 2013 National Survey recorded the prevalence of joint diseases in East Java was 26.9%. OA affected more women than men due to the estrogen and caused disabilities in many women. This study aimed to find the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI), age of menarche, parity, and the use of hormonal contraceptives against OA in genu at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. This was an analytic observational study with a case-control approach. Data collection was carried out through a short interview using a questionnaire. The sample size was calculated using a formula and found that the study required 42 patients with OA in the case group and 42 patients without OA in the control group. The case group was dominated by patients with 56-60 years old age (62.1%), BMI 23-24.9 kg/m2 (58.7%), menarche age 12-13 years (53.6%), multiparous (52.6%), having contraception pill usage history (62.3%) particularly using combination pills (60.5%) with a mean duration of use > 1 year (56.8%). There was a relationship between BMI and type of hormonal contraceptive used against genu OA in female patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital Surabaya.
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Harder, Samuel, Kwame Asiamah, Geoffrey Shumilak, and Beverly J. Wudel. "247. The Predictive Value of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Surveillance Swabs in Septic Arthritis." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S231—S232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.449.
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Abstract Background Septic arthritis is a destructive form of acute arthritis secondary to infection. With an annual incidence of 2 to 5 cases per 100 000 individuals, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prompt source control and antimicrobial therapy remain the mainstays of management. Epidemiology, microbiology studies, and local resistance patterns are important in guiding therapeutic decisions. Staphylococcal and streptococcal species are the most common pathogens with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) becoming an increasingly important pathogen. The increasing incidence of MRSA provides clinicians with the challenge of deciding which patients require empiric coverage for MRSA. MRSA nasal screening has been shown to have a high negative predictive value in pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. However, little is known about the diagnostic utility of MRSA surveillance swabs for predicting MRSA infections in septic arthritis. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in 3 tertiary hospitals from September 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020. All adult patients with confirmed septic arthritis of the ankle, wrist, knee, or hip and an MRSA surveillance swab performed within 72 hours of admission were included in the study. These data were used to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for MRSA surveillance swabs. Results One hundred seventy-two patients met inclusion criteria. Thirty patients had positive MRSA surveillance swabs. The prevalence of MRSA in joint cultures was 11.04%. The positive predictive value of MRSA surveillance swabs was 42.3% and the negative predictive value was 93.5% in all participants. The MRSA surveillance swab had a negative predictive value of 100% in participants with no risk factors for MRSA colonization. Conclusion The negative predictive value of MRSA surveillance swabs used independently is insufficient to confidently rule out MRSA as the causative pathogen in septic arthritis. When used in combination with MRSA risk factors, the absence of MRSA risk factors may help clinicians rule out MRSA as a causative pathogen. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Badley, Elizabeth M., Jessica M. Wilfong, Calvin Yip, Dov B. Millstone, and Anthony V. Perruccio. "The contribution of age and obesity to the number of painful joint sites in individuals reporting osteoarthritis: a population-based study." Rheumatology 59, no. 11 (April 19, 2020): 3350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa138.
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Abstract Objective To investigate the association of OA risk factors with number of painful joint sites in a representative population sample. Methods Analysis of the 2009 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada – Arthritis Component (n = 1614) for respondents reporting symptomatic OA. Variables: painful joints sites (hands, wrists, elbows, shoulders, hips, knees, ankles, feet, back, neck), joint symptom duration, sociodemographic characteristics, smoking, comorbidities and BMI. Zero-truncated negative binomial regressions were used to investigate the association between number of painful joint sites and the variables. Generalizability of findings was assessed by a similar analysis in a clinical hip/knee OA sample. Results The sample comprised 73% women and 56% were aged <65 years. The mean number of painful joint sites was 3.8: 84% reported pain at ≥2 sites, and 45% at ≥4 sites. Age, BMI, education and smoking were not associated with the number of joint sites. Significant associations were found with being female [rate ratio (RR) = 1.23, 95% CI 1.09, 1.39], having more comorbidities (RR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.07, 1.15) and longer symptom duration (RR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.09, 1.24), although the increase in joint sites with duration was small. Similar regression results were found with the clinical OA sample. Conclusion The lack of an association of age and BMI (obesity) with number of painful joint sites in OA raises questions about the role of these risk factors and our understanding of OA as a multi-joint disease. Filling this knowledge gap is critical to making progress with defining OA phenotypes and identifying potential aetiological mechanisms.
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Milenia, Viria, Rosmayanti Syafriani Siregar, Tasrif Hamdi, and Ririe Fachrina Malisie. "Knowledge and Attitude of Medan Selayang Citizens Toward Kidney Diseases in Children." Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jetromi.v4i1.7819.
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Background. Renal disease define as groups of heterogenous disease that affect the function and structure of kidney. Children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have 30 times mortality rate than children without ESRD. Early signs and symptoms should be recognized and risk factors should be identified early so kidney disease could be prevented and slow the progress towards worse condition. Prevention can be done by parents and society by hindering or eliminating risk factor from children that could cause kidney disease. Therefore, society’s knowledge and attitude towards children’s kidney disease need to be carried out, especially parents,which are child’s first point contact with medical staff. Objective. To describe the level of knowledge about symptoms, risk factors, treatment and complications of kidney diseases and precautionary attitude of Medan Selayang citizens towards kidney diseases in children. Methods. The research was a descriptive observational study with cross sectional approach. The sampling method used was non-probability sampling with convenient method. Total sample needed in this research is 100 people who were Medan Selayang citizens that brought children to Puskesmas PB II Selayang.This study used questionnaire as research tool. Results : From 100 respondents, 67% knew that children can get kidney disease and 81% agree that some kidney diseases can be prevented. Conclusion. The knowledge of Medan Selayang’s citizens was still lack especially regarding symptoms, risk factors, and complications. The attitude of the citizens was good.