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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Knee

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Academic literature on the topic 'Knee'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 September 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Knee"

1

Wilding, Christopher P., Martyn Snow, and Lee Jeys. "Which factors affect the ability to kneel following total knee arthroplasty? An outpatient study of 100 postoperative knee replacements." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 230949901988551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499019885510.

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Background: Kneeling is an important activity of daily living, holding social, religious and occupational value. Following total knee replacement (TKR), many patients report they are unable to kneel or have been advised not to kneel. Methods: We observed 100 consecutive knee replacements in 79 patients attending outpatient clinic at a minimum 5 months post-TKR. The patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire detailing whether they were able to kneel prior to their knee replacement and whether they thought they were able to kneel since their knee replacement. The patients were then asked to kneel on a padded examination couch and then onto a pillow on the floor for 15 s. Degree of flexion achievable was also recorded. Results: Of the knees with patella resurfacing, 78.6% were able to kneel compared to only 45.6% knees with native patellae. Two-tailed Fisher’s exact test showed this difference to be statistically significant ( p = 0.001). The χ 2 analysis showed that those patients with an achievable flexion of angle of greater than 100° were significantly more likely to be able to kneel than those with a flexion angle of less than 100° ( p = 0.0148). Comparing posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) retaining against PCL sacrificing implants, there was no statistically significant difference in kneeling ability ( p = 0.541). Conclusion: Kneeling remains an important function in patients undergoing TKR, with patella resurfacing significantly improving the likelihood of a patient being able to kneel.

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Fahlman, Lissa, Emmeline Sangeorzan, Nimisha Chheda, and Daphne Lambright. "Older Adults without Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis: Knee Alignment and Knee Range of Motion." Clinical Medicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders 7 (January 2014): CMAMD.S13009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmamd.s13009.

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This study describes knee alignment and active knee range of motion (ROM) in a community-based group of 78-year old adults (n = 143) who did not have radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis in either knee (KL < 2). Although knee malalignment is a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis, most women and men had either valgus or varus alignments. Notably, no men were valgus in both knees. Women with both knees valgus had significantly greater body mass index ( P > 0.001) than women with varus or straight knees. Men and women with valgus or varus knee alignments had generally lower ROM than individuals with both knees straight. In summary, this study highlights the complex relationships among knee alignment, ROM, body mass index, and gender in elderly adults without radiographic knee osteoarthritis.

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Mohd Nizlan, Nasir, Fauzah Abd Ghani, and Rohaman Tasarib. "Acute Post-Traumatic Locked Knee - An Unmasking of a Rare Knee Disorder." Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 18, no. 5 (September 15, 2022): 215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.18.5.29.

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Locked knees are commonly caused by meniscal tears, floating osteochondral bodies, ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) stump, or other mechanical origins in the knee. Some locked knees occur spontaneously, while in most cases, by a preceding knee trauma. Locked knees are rarely caused by a pathological growth in the knee. More unusually is the occurrence of locked knee caused by a pre-existing pathological entity after a traumatic event. We report a rare case of locking in the knee by a pre-existing knee condition presented only after trauma to the knee. This case emphasizes that locking in the knee can be caused by a pathology that may be asymptomatic until it is revealed by a traumatic event.

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Ismail, Shiek Abdullah, Milena Simic, Lucy J. Salmon, Justin P. Roe, Leo A. Pinczewski, Richard Smith, and Evangelos Pappas. "Side-to-Side Differences in Varus Thrust and Knee Abduction Moment in High-Functioning Individuals With Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency." American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518812883.

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Background: There is evidence that frontal plane knee joint motion plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis, yet investigation of individuals with chronic anterior cruciate ligament–deficient (ACLD) knees remains sparse. Purpose: To investigate (1) if individuals with chronic ACLD knees demonstrate higher biomechanical measures of medial knee load as compared with their anterior cruciate ligament–intact (ACLI) knees, (2) if differences in static knee alignment of the ACLD knee will demonstrate a difference in the magnitude of biomechanical measures of medial knee load when compared with the ACLI knee, and (3) the side-to-side concordance of varus thrust among individuals with chronic ACLD knees. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Participants were sourced from a metropolitan orthopaedic surgeon group. Those who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate underwent a 3-dimensional gait analysis assessment to measure knee adduction moment (KAM), knee flexion moment (KFM), KAM peaks, KAM impulse, and varus thrust. Frontal plane knee static alignment was measured with a digital inclinometer fixed to medical calipers. The participants were divided according to their static knee alignment (neutral, varus, and valgus) for subgroup analysis. Peak knee angular velocity and frontal plane knee angle were used to establish if a participant was walking with a knee thrust. An individual was deemed to have knee thrust during gait if the largest frontal plane knee movement coincided with the peak knee angular velocity that occurred within the first 30% of stance phase. Results: Forty-five participants were recruited. The mean (SD) time from injury was 34.5 (55.6) months. ACLD knees did not demonstrate higher mean KAM and KFM ( P > .5) or early-stance peak KAM ( P = .3-.8) and KAM impulse ( P = .3-.9) as compared with ACLI knees as a whole group or when the varus, neutral, and valgus alignment subgroups were investigated separately. Twenty-three percent (n = 9) of the participants had a varus thrust at the ACLD or ACLI knee, 44% (n = 4) had a varus thrust at the ACLD knee, and 22% (n = 2) had varus thrust at both knees. Conclusion: There were no side-to-side differences in mean KAM and KFM and early-stance peak KAM and KAM impulse among high-functioning individuals with chronic unilateral ACLD knees. There was a low prevalence of varus thrust among high-functioning individuals with chronic unilateral ACLD knees.

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Agarwal, A., S. Miller, W. Hadden, L. Johnston, W. Wang, G. Arnold, and RJ Abboud. "Comparison of gait kinematics in total and unicondylar knee replacement surgery." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 101, no. 6 (July 2019): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2019.0016.

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Introduction This study is aimed to compare kinematic gait data of patients who have undergone total and unicondylar knee replacement. Materials and methods This single-surgeon retrospective cohort study evaluated 13 patients with unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and 14 unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA). Gait analysis was carried out using a Vicon motion analysis system. The limits of knee flexion during stance phase, at heel strike and at loading response were measured. Results The total range of motion of the UKA knees was significantly greater than the TKA knees. UKA knees exhibited significantly greater knee extension during the stance phase than the TKA knees. Unlike TKA, UKA knees demonstrated improved knee flexion during the gait cycle when compared to the contralateral non-operated knee. The hips also demonstrated near normal hip flexion in UKA patients. Predictably, UKA knees had significantly greater varus compared with TKA in the coronal plane. Spatiotemporal variables demonstrated similar walking speed and step length to aid a fair comparison between knee replacement groups. Conclusions The UKA knees moved more physiologically in the sagittal plane with a greater range of motion during gait. Despite having a stiff gait pattern, the patients undergoing TKA demonstrated a more neutral alignment in the coronal plane. Neither type of knee arthroplasty restored knee kinematics to those of the non-operated side.

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Ekholm, J., R. Nisell, U. P Arborelius, C. Hammerberg, and G. Németh. "Load on knee joint structures and muscular activity during lifting." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 16, no. 1 (June 4, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/16501977841619.

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The load on the knee joints during lifting has been less studied than low back load. Healthy subjects lifted a 12.8-kg box from floor to table-level in three different ways; 1) with straight knees, 2) with bent knees and the box in front of the knees, and 3) with bent knees and the box between the knees. The loading moment of force about the bilateral knee axis was calculated by means of a computerized static sagittal plane model. Electromyography was recorded from quadriceps and ischiocrural muscles. The beginning of the flexed-knee lifts caused a flexing loading knee moment of about 50 Nm and a knee angle of 90 degrees. Straight-knee lifts gave all through the lift an extending loading moment. During the final phase of all lifts there was an extending loading knee moment of about 55 Nm and a knee angle of 0 degrees. The three lifts were compared and discussed from a biomechanical and ergonomical point of view.

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Amin, Raj M., Vikram Vasan, and Julius K. Oni. "Kneeling after Total Knee Arthroplasty." Journal of Knee Surgery 33, no. 02 (January 2, 2019): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676801.

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AbstractThe ability to kneel is one of the many patient goals after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Few studies have addressed patients' ability to kneel after TKA as a primary outcome. Given the altered biomechanics of the knee after TKA, the various implant designs, and multiple surgical approaches, there is a need to further understand the patient's kneeling ability after TKA. We evaluated the available literature on this topic to help to guide postoperative care recommendations. Biomechanical data show that the load borne by the patellofemoral joint is elevated significantly at all flexion angles, whereas tibiofemoral articulation pressures are elevated only at 90 to 120 degrees of flexion. However, these increased pressures are rarely borne by prosthetic knees because patients often avoid kneeling after TKA. In patients who do kneel after surgery, data show that increased range of motion promotes improved kneeling performance. Targeted interventions to encourage kneeling after TKA, including preoperative education, have not shown an ability to increase the frequency with which patients kneel after TKA. Reasons for patient avoidance of kneeling are multifaceted and complex. There is no biomechanical or clinical evidence contraindicating kneeling after TKA. There are insufficient data to recommend particular prosthetic designs or surgical approaches to maximize kneeling ability after surgery. Musculoskeletal health care providers should continue to promote kneeling to allow patients to achieve maximum clinical benefit after TKA.

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Zhou, Xinhua, Min Wang, Chao Liu, Liang Zhang, and Yixin Zhou. "Total knee arthroplasty for severe valgus knee deformity." Chinese Medical Journal 127, no. 6 (March 20, 2014): 1062–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20132488.

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Background Primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in severe valgus knees may prove challenging, and choice of implant depends on the severity of the valgus deformity and the extent of soft-tissue release. The purpose of this study was to review 8 to 11 years (mean, 10 years) follow-up results of primary TKA for varient-III valgus knee deformity with use of different type implants. Methods Between January 2002 and January 2005, 20 women and 12 men, aged 47 to 63 (mean, 57.19±6.08) years old, with varient-III valgus knees underwent primary TKA. Of the 32 patients, 37 knees had varient-III deformities. Pie crusting was carefully performed with small, multiple inside-out incisions, bone resection balanced the knee in lieu of soft tissue releases that were not used in the series. Cruciate-retaining knees (Gemini MKII, Link Company, Germany) were used in 13 knees, Genesis II (Simth & Nephew Company, USA) in 14 knees, and hinged knee (Endo-Model Company, Germany) in 10 knees. In five patients with bilateral variant-III TKAs, three patients underwent 1-stage bilateral procedures, and two underwent 2-stage procedures. All implants were cemented and the patella was not resurfaced. The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score was assessed. Patients were followed up from 8 to 11 years. Results The mean HSS knee score were improved from 50.33±11.60 to 90.06±3.07 (P <0.001). The mean tibiofemoral alignment were improved from valgus 32.72°±9.68° pre-operation to 4.89°±0.90° post-operation (P <0.001). The mean range of motion were improved from 93.72°±23.69° pre-operation to 116.61±16.29° post-operation (P <0.001). No patients underwent revision. One patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation using femoral condylar plates for supracondylar femoral fractures secondary to a fall at three years. Three patients developed transient peroneal nerve palsies, which resolved within nine months. Two patients developed symptomatic deep vein thrombosis that was managed with rivaroxaban and thrombo-embolic deterrent stockings. There was no incidence of pulmonary embolism. Postoperative patient satisfaction was 80.7±10.4 points in the groups. Prosthetic survival rate was 100% at mean 10 years postoperative. Conclusions Not only hinged implants can be successfully used in variant-III valgus knees. As our results show, if proper ligament balancing techniques are used and proper ligament balance is attained, the knee may not require the use of a more constrained components. Our results also present alternative implant choices for severe knee deformities.

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Nachtnebl, Luboš, Vasileios Apostolopoulos, Michal Mahdal, Lukáš Pazourek, Pavel Brančík, Tomáš Valoušek, Petr Boháč, and Tomáš Tomáš. "Implant Preference and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: All-Polyethylene and Contralateral Metal-Backed Tibial Components." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 23 (November 30, 2023): 7438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12237438.

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Numerous studies have compared metal-backed components (MBTs) and all-polyethylene tibial components (APTs), but none of them specifically analysed the clinical results and the overall patient preference in patients who had undergone a staged bilateral knee replacement. The purpose of this study is to compare clinical results, perceived range of motion, and overall implant preference among patients who had undergone staged bilateral knee replacement with an APT and contralateral knee replacement with MBTs. A dataset of 62 patients from a single centre who underwent staged bilateral TKA between 2009 and 2022 was selected and retrospectively analysed. Tibial component removal was performed in three knees overall, all of which had MBTs. The mean measured Knee Score (KS) of knees with APTs was 78.37 and that of contralateral knees with MBTs was 77.4. The mean measured Function (FS) of knees with APTs was 78.22, and that of contralateral knees with MBs was 76.29. The mean flexion angle of knees with APTs was 103.8 and that for knees with MBTs was 101.04 degrees. A total of 54.8% of the patients preferred the knee that received APTs over contralateral MBTs. In our cohort, TKA with an APT in one knee and an MBT in the contralateral knee recorded similar clinical results and perceived ranges of motion. Patients in general preferred the knee that received an APT over contralateral knee with an MBT.

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Lee, SeungHoon, YunSeong Choi, JaeHyuk Lee, HeeDong Lee, JungRo Yoon, and ChongBum Chang. "Valgus Arthritic Knee Responds Better to Conservative Treatment than the Varus Arthritic Knee." Medicina 59, no. 4 (April 17, 2023): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040779.

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Background and Objectives: Clinically, it is beneficial to determine the knee osteoarthritis (OA) subtype that responds well to conservative treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the differences between varus and valgus arthritic knees in the response to conservative treatment. We hypothesized that valgus arthritic knees would respond better to conservative treatment than varus arthritic knees. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 834 patients who received knee OA treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with Kellgren–Lawrence grades III and IV were divided into two groups according to knee alignment (varus arthritic knee, hip-knee-ankle angle [HKA] > 0° or valgus arthritic knee, HKA < 0°). The Kaplan–Meier curve with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as an endpoint was used to compare the survival probability between varus and valgus arthritic knees at one, two, three, four, and five years after the first visit. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the HKA thresholds for TKA between varus and valgus arthritic knees. Results: Valgus arthritic knees responded better to conservative treatment than varus arthritic knees. With TKA as an endpoint, the survival probabilities for varus and valgus arthritic knees were 24.2% and 61.4%, respectively, at the 5-year follow-up (p < 0.001). The thresholds of HKA for varus and valgus arthritic knees for TKA were 4.9° and −8.1°, respectively (varus: area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.704, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.666–0.741, p < 0.001, sensitivity = 0.870, specificity = 0.524; valgus: AUC = 0.753, 95% CI 0.693–0.807, p < 0.001, sensitivity = 0.753, specificity = 0.786). Conclusions: Conservative treatment is more effective for valgus than for varus arthritic knees. This should be considered when explaining the prognosis of conservative treatment for knees with varus and valgus arthritis.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Knee"

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Schrader, Kate. "Knee Surgery: Total Knee Replacement or Partial Knee Replacement." University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1305216135.

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Zhang, Yin, and 張銀. "Validation of the new knee society knee scoring system for outcome assessment after total knew arthroplasty." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193564.

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Introduction: This retrospective comparative study was to define the validity and reliability of a translated, culturally adapted Chinese version questionnaire of the New Knee Society Knee Scoring System (NKSS). This study is aim to investigate the validity and reliability of the translated Chinese version of the NKSS and assess its feasibility of measuring the scale on Chinese patients by performing its cross-cultural adaptation for patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) in Hong Kong. Methods: A total of 104 knees from 64 Chinese patients performed TKA were included in the study using the translated, culturally adapted Chinese version of the NKSS. All Patients were operated on from October 2010 to May 2013 at Queen Mary Hospital. Patients who participated in this study have been clinically screened and established a set of including criteria. The outpatients were evaluated by completing the five questionnaires containing the NKSS, the Knee Society Clinical Rating System (KSS), Medial Outcomes Study 36+Item Short Form (SF-36), Bristol Knee Score and Oxford Knee Score. Reliability was evaluated using the Split-half reliability, Chronbach's α coefficient and inter-item correlation. To assess validity, all patients filled in the same NKSS questionnaire, and previously validated Chinese version of the SF-36, Bristol Knee Score and Oxford Knee Score. The validity was determined with Content Validity and Contract Validity. Results: The NKSS showed ideal split-half reliability as evidenced by the high correlation coefficient (R>0.7, P<0.05). Chronbach's α coefficient for five major domains demographics, objective knee score, expectations, satisfaction and function was high (α>0.7. P<0.05). Also, the inter-item correlation was also excellent for all domains. For validity, the NKSS was found to have excellent correlation with Bristol Knee Score and Oxford Knee Score, good correlation with KSS and SF 36 Discussion: The NKSS as a validated approach is adapted to the diverse health-related quality of lives and activities of contemporary patients with TKA. Orthopaedics surgeons are allowed to appreciate differences in the priorities of individual patients and the interplay among function, expectation, symptoms, and satisfaction after TKA using this assessment instrument. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the NKSS as a functional status questionnaire has been translated into Chinese without missing any psychometric properties of the original version. This culturally and linguistics adapted Chinese version of the NKSS outcome assessment has satisfactory internal consistency and good validity. It is an adequate and helpful instrument for the evaluation of Chinese speaking patients after TKA in clinical studies.
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Schmitt, Laura Clare. "Knee stabilization and medial knee osteoarthritis." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.80 Mb., 201 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3220738.

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Reynolds, Sarah. "Does Total Knee Arthroplasty Reproduce Natural Knee Mechanics." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24403.

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As the number of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures increases annually, the patient demographic is shifting to include younger patients with higher expectations for post-operative function. The aim of this study was to compare movement patterns during activities of daily living among TKA patients and a healthy, age-matched group using 3D motion analysis. Specifically, this analysis looked at walking on level and inclined surfaces, as well as sitting up and down from a chair. It was predicted that (1) TKA patients would exhibit reduced knee extension moments at the operated limb and increased adduction moments at the contralateral limb during gait, (2) walking downhill would result in greater differences between TKA and control groups, compared to level walking, and (3) TKA participants would have greater flexion angles, moments and power values at the hip, compared to controls, during the sit-stand tasks. Seventeen participants (age=62±6 years, BMI=30±3 kg/m2, time after surgery=11±5 months) were recruited from the Ottawa Hospital, having undergone unilateral TKA by the same surgeon. An age-matched control group was composed of 17 individuals (age=63±8 years, BMI=27±4 kg/m2) who were recruited from the local community. Three dimensional (3D) biomechanical assessment was conducted with all participants performing five trials of walking on level and inclined surfaces, stair ascent and descent as well as sit-stand tasks. Results from this study were focused on gait and sit-stand transitions, showing that TKA participants exhibited altered gait patterns on both walking surfaces, with significantly smaller knee flexion angles and moments, as well as reduced peak power at the knee. The TKA group also experienced reduced knee extension moments; however, this was only significant for downhill walking. Consistent with our hypothesis, downhill walking resulted in greater discrepancies between the groups compared to level walking. Contrary to our third hypothesis, TKA participants exhibited significantly smaller peak hip flexion angles and moments during the sit-stand task, along with reduced hip abduction angles and knee abduction moments. The reduced knee flexion kinematics and kinetics observed during gait tasks, combined with the differences in frontal plane mechanics observed during the sit-stand task suggest that altered loading patterns persist six to twelve months after surgery. This may be a result of continued pre-operative movement patterns as well as the surgery itself, and should be kept in mind when developing rehabilitation programs for this patient population.

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Lane, Judith. "Knee joint stiffness and function following total knee arthroplasty." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4790.

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Introduction: Studies show that Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is successful for the majority of patients however some continue to experience some functional limitations and anecdotal evidence indicates that stiffness is a common complaint. Some studies have suggested an association between stiffness and functional limitations however there has been no previous work which has attempted to objectively quantify knee joint stiffness following TKA. The purpose of this study was to pilot and evaluate a method for the quantitative evaluation in joint stiffness in replaced knees, OA knees and healthy controls and to explore whether there is an association between stiffness and functional limitations post-TKA surgery. Methods: The first part of the study created a biomechanical model of knee stiffness and built a system from which stiffness could be calculated. A torque transducer was used to measure the resistance as the knee was flexed and extended passively and an electrogoniometer concurrently measured the angular displacement. Stiffness was calculated from the slope of the line relating the passive resistive torque and displacement. The torque and joint angle at which stiffness was seen to increase greatly was also noted. The system was bench tested and found to be reliable and valid. Further tests on 6 volunteers found stiffness calculations to have acceptable intra-day reliability. The second part was conducted on three groups: those with end-stage knee OA (n = 8); those who were 1 year post-TKA (n = 15) and age matched healthy controls (n = 12). Knee range of motion was recorded and participants then completed the WOMAC, the SF-12 and a Visual Analogue Score for stiffness as well as indicating words to describe their stiffness. Four performance based tests – the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the stair ascent/descent, the 13m walk and a quadriceps strength test were also undertaken. Finally, passive stiffness at the affected knee was measured. Results: 100% of OA, 80% of TKA and 58% of controls reported some stiffness at the knee. The OA group reported significantly higher stiffness than the OA or TKA groups. There was no difference in self-reported stiffness between the TKA and control groups. Of the total number of words used to describe stiffness, 52% related to difficulty with movement, 35% were pain related and 13% related to sensations. No significantly differences were found between groups in the objective stiffness measures. Significant differences were found however in threshold flexion stiffness angles between groups. When this angle was normalised, differences between groups were not significant. No significant differences were found between groups in the threshold stiffness torque. Greater self-reported stiffness was found to be associated with worse self-reported function. A higher flexion stiffness threshold angle was associated with slower timed tests of function but also with better quadriceps muscle strength. Conclusions: The results support anecdotal reports that perceived stiffness is a common complaint following TKA but there was no evidence to show that patients with TKA have greater stiffness than a control group. There was however evidence to show that patients’ were unable to distinguish between sensations of stiffness and other factors such as pain. Self-perceived increased stiffness was associated with worse functional performance. Greater stiffness however was not necessarily negative. Stiffness increases earlier in flexion range were associated with better functional performance. These results suggest that an ideal threshold range for stiffness may exist; above which negative perceptions of the knee result in worse function but below which, knee laxity and instability may also result in worse function.

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Garrett, Benjamin R. "Knee pain, swelling and stiffness after total knee replacement : a survey of South African knee surgeons." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2841.

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Molloy, Martin-Patrick. "The biomechanics of the knee of total knee replacement golfers." Thesis, Ulster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.625503.

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Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) - the replacement of the articulating surfaces of the knee joint - is an increasingly used intervention for osteoarthritis. Younger, more active patients are undergoing TKA due to the clinical success of the implants. Surgeons must make recommendations on the suitability of post-surgery sporting activities; a balance must be struck between the health-promoting nature of the activity and the risk involved to the implant. Golf has been identified as a sport with a large number of participants that is recommended by the majority of knee surgeons. Despite golf being considered a low risk activity, there is limited scientific evidence that the loading applied to the knee-joint may be larger than assumed. Thus, the main aim of this thesis was to provide objective biomechanical data to contribute to our scientific knowledge base and to provide meaningful clinical data to enable medical practitioners to make informed decisions regarding the appropriateness of golf as an activity for post -TKA individuals. Three studies are presented in this thesis. The first investigated the suitability of a standard six-degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) marker model and tested the performance of an alternative model that included an 'optimised', modified cluster design placed on a site of low soft tissue artefact. Whilst statistically significant differences were identified between knee angles derived from each cluster design, the magnitude of the differences were small. Thus, both of the marker models were considered to provide knee-angle measurements that would be considered equivalent in a clinical setting.

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Newman, Simon David Standen. "Improving outcomes in knee arthroplasty : the lateral unicompartmental knee replacement." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/39290.

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Total knee replacement (TKR) continues to increase in popularity, but satisfying patients who remain active for longer is a major challenge. Outcomes from TKR remain suboptimal, with as many as 20% gaining little benefit. An alternative approach to TKR is the use of partial or unicompartmental knee replacements (UKR). These are smaller and safer operations, but are arguably more difficult to perform and have been associated with a higher rate of revision surgery. Whilst a great deal is understood about medial UKR, relatively little is known about lateral UKR and this procedure forms the basis of this thesis. Outcomes of a lateral UKR implant, the Oxford Domed Lateral Partial Knee were assessed through upto 10 year follow-up of the largest independent series of this implant and demonstrated similar rates of revision and Oxford Knee Scores to previously published medial UKR series. Further assessment of the gait of patients with the same implant however failed to show a significant improvement over demographically matched patients with TKR. Accuracy of implant positioning is important for achieving optimal outcomes. One technology that may assist in delivering expert level skill is patient specific instrumentation (PSI). For the first time, the effect of changes in PSI guide design were explored, demonstrating the importance of achieving multiplanar bone contact. The use of PSI guides compared to traditional instruments was associated with superior femoral implant positioning and a trend for superior tibial implant positioning when used by inexperienced surgeons on a training course. The effect of tibial implant malpositioning on tibial strain was demonstrated using digital image correlation. Excessive posterior slope and tibial resection should be avoided to prevent higher tibial strains that may result in fracture. A pre-requisite for successful arthroplasty, including lateral UKR, is the establishment of osseomechanical integration. Enhanced osseomechanical integration may be better achieved with strontium-substituted bioactive glass (SrBG) than a hydroxyapatite (HA) coating as demonstrated in a lapine model. The data presented in this thesis demonstrates that lateral UKR is a challenging but effective operation, though further development is required to facilitate normal gait. Further improvements in function and outcomes may be achievable through the use of PSI and enhanced implant fixation with SrBG coatings.

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McAlindon, Timothy Edward. "Knee joint failure." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386627.

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Petterson, Stephanie Christine. "Knee osteoarthritis and total knee arthroplasty quadriceps weakness, rehabilitation, and recovery /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 1.02 Mb., 222 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3205435.

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Books on the topic "Knee"

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Norman, Scott W., ed. The Knee. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, 1994.

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Sherman, Seth L., Jorge Chahla, Scott A. Rodeo, and Robert LaPrade, eds. Knee Arthroscopy and Knee Preservation Surgery. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82869-1.

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Kim, Jin Goo, ed. Knee Arthroscopy. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8191-5.

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Courage, Olivier, Simon Bertiaux, Pierre-Emmanuel Papin, and Anthony Kamel. Knee Arthroscopy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82830-1.

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Hanschen, Marc, Peter Biberthaler, and James P. Waddell, eds. Knee Fractures. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81776-3.

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Sharma, Mrinal, ed. Knee Arthroplasty. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8591-0.

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Richmond, John C., James V. Bono, and Brian P. McKeon, eds. Knee Arthroscopy. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89504-8.

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Osimani, Marcello, and Claudio Chillemi. Knee Imaging. Milano: Springer Milan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-3950-6.

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Malek, M. Mike, ed. Knee Surgery. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87202-0.

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Sculco, Thomas P., and Ermanno A. Martucci, eds. Knee Arthroplasty. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6185-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "Knee"

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Dreher, Geoffrey M., Utsav Hanspal, David M. Baxter, and Morteza Khodaee. "Knee." In Sports-related Fractures, Dislocations and Trauma, 375–420. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_24.

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Miller*, C., K. Johnson*, S. Mohan*, and R. Botchu**. "Knee." In Measurements in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 517–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68897-6_13.

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Egan, Matthew, and David Spinner. "Knee." In Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound, 21–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73855-0_5.

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Visser, Jan Douwes. "Knee." In Pediatric Orthopedics, 171–236. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40178-2_10.

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Szendrői, M., G. Skaliczki, and L. Bartha. "Knee." In Color Atlas of Clinical Orthopedics, 403–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85561-3_19.

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Yang, Aaron Jay, and Nitin B. Jain. "Knee." In Pain Medicine, 65–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43133-8_17.

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Bullock, James M., Scott Kling, Justin Arner, Joseph Labrum, Freddie Fu, and Dharmesh Vyas. "Knee." In Passport for the Orthopedic Boards and FRCS Examination, 991–1040. Paris: Springer Paris, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0475-0_45.

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Usui, Yosuke. "Knee." In Nerve Blockade and Interventional Therapy, 391–93. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54660-3_94.

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Mohiaddin, Raad H., and Donald B. Longmore. "Knee." In MRI Atlas of Normal Anatomy, 155–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2990-9_9.

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Vilanova, Joan C., Sandra Baleato, and Joaquim Barceló. "Knee." In Learning Musculoskeletal Imaging, 179–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88000-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Knee"

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Kopot, Ruslan, Sebastian But, and Orest Ivakhiv. "Bilow – Knee-Prothesis Study." In 2024 IEEE 19th International Conference on the Perspective Technologies and Methods in MEMS Design (MEMSTECH), 43–47. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memstech63437.2024.10620008.

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Guess, Trent M., Mohammad Kia, Katherine Weimer, Kevin Dodd, and Lorin Maletsky. "Validation of Computational Knee Models Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192490.

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Computational models of the knee provide valuable information on knee biomechanics, but validation of these models is challenging as in-vivo parameters such as muscle forces and tissue loading cannot be measured. Machines that simulate the dynamic loading and motion of physiological activities on cadaver knees can provide a means for validating computational knee models and modeling methods. In this approach, all forces applied to cadaver knees are known and can be replicated in computational simulations. The resulting experimental and computational kinematics can then be compared. Presented here is the development and use of a modeling platform comprised of a multi-body computational model of a cadaver knee and dynamic knee simulator and experimental measurements from the cadaver knee loaded in the machine. This modeling platform has been used to study: 1) patient specific reference lengths versus literature obtained reference lengths [1], 2) inclusion of ligament and tendon wrapping [2] and, 3) the development of a multi-body model of the meniscus [3].

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Caruntu, Dumitru I. "3-D Knee Biomechanics." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67633.

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This is a survey on 3-D dynamic and quasi-static human knee joint modeling. Anatomical surface representation, contact modeling, ligament structure, and solution algorithm are reviewed. Understanding knee joint biomechanics is important for total knee replacement and rehabilitation exercise design, ligament reconstruction, and cartilage damage. Knee models were proposed mostly in the last two decades. They aimed normal activities and rehabilitation exercises, and sought muscle, ligament, and joint contact forces. Consisting of two joints, tibio-femoral (TF) and patello-femoral (PF), the human knee 3-D models were PF, TF [1–3], and both TF and PF [4–7]. Models were static, quasi-static, and dynamic, including the entire, partial, or none of the ligament structure. Contact models of the knee were rigid or deformable. Both natural knees and replacement models were reported. Different groups of muscles were considered.

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Edd, Shannon N., Nathan A. Netravali, Julien Favre, Nicholas J. Giori, and Thomas P. Andriacchi. "Meniscectomized Knees Regain Normal Walking Flexion Range of Motion With Time Past Surgery." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14746.

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Meniscal tears are one of the most common knee injuries with an incidence rate of 60–70 per 100,000 person-years [1]. Although arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, the leading treatment for meniscal tears, decreases pain, the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is four times higher for a meniscectomized knee compared to an uninjured knee [2]. Prior research has shown that meniscectomized knees have reduced sagittal-plane range of motion in the early period following surgery (6 to 18 months) [3–5]. These observations suggest a mechanical pathway to knee OA, in which alteration in ambulatory knee function causes shifts in tibiofemoral cartilage location to unprepared cartilage regions, thus causing damage to the maladapted tissue [6]. While such a mechanical pathway is well documented for knees with reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament [7], the paucity of information regarding the walking mechanics of meniscectomized knees at longer term post-operation limits our understanding of the pathway to OA in this population. Particularly, it is unknown whether meniscectomized knees regain normal dynamic range of motion (ROM) in knee flexion with time past surgery. Because regaining ROM alters the mechanical function in the meniscectomized knee, understanding the changes in this gait variable over time may help elucidate the various pathways to OA development in meniscectomized knees.

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Muñoz, David, Andy Pruett, and Graceline Williams. "Knee." In CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559206.2580932.

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Maletsky, Lorin P., and Ben M. Hillberry. "Loading Evaluation of Knee Joint During Walking Using the Next Generation Knee Simulator." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2530.

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Abstract Even with the advances in material selection, processing, and articular geometry for knee prostheses, there is still a need for in vitro evaluation of these components. The high occurrence of revision surgeries for failed prosthetics suggests that the component designs can still be improved. While historically the typical total knee recipient was an elderly woman, components are being implanted in younger patients who wish to lead more active lives with their new artificial knees. Therefore, the testing of new prostheses must be more rigorous and demanding than done previously. For these reasons a new five-axis electro-hydraulic knee simulator was constructed.

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Tiulpin, Aleksei, Iaroslav Melekhov, and Simo Saarakkala. "KNEEL: Knee Anatomical Landmark Localization Using Hourglass Networks." In 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2019.00046.

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Bloemker, Katherine H., and Trent M. Guess. "Effects of ACL Reconstruction Techniques on the Kinematics of the Knee in a Computational Knee Model." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53276.

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This study examines the effects of different Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction techniques on computational multibody knee models. The knee models were derived from two cadaver knees that underwent simulated walk cycles while the kinematics of the knee geometries were collected in a dynamic knee simulator. Once the computational models performed well compared to experimental data, multiple simulated ACL reconstruction surgeries were done on each model. For each simulated reconstruction technique, overall knee kinematics was compared to the experimental cadaver results and anterior-posterior movement of the tibia relative to the femur was compared to the original, intact computational model. The factors examined were ACL reconstruction method, adding preload to the reconstruction element, and reconstruction element type.

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Gao, Fei, Xinyu Wu, and Wei-Hsin Liao. "Smart Prosthetic Knee for Above-Knee Amputees." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma54519.2022.9856182.

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Celebi, Besir, Mustafa Yalcin, and Volkan Patoglu. "AssistOn-Knee: A self-aligning knee exoskeleton." In 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2013.6696472.

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Reports on the topic "Knee"

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Pritchard, Joy, H. R. Whay, and A. Brown. Knee lesions. Brooke, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46746/gaw.2020.abi.les.knee.

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Berend, Keith R., and David Murray. Oxford Knee Replacement. Touch Surgery Simulations, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2018.s0130.

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Xu, Zhiteng, and Renbin Li. A systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty for unicondylar knee osteoarthritis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0003.

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Review question / Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty for patients with unicondylar knee osteoarthritis. Condition being studied: Knee osteoarthritis is a common disease in elderly population and its treatment strategies consist of non-operative treatment and surgery. Arthroplasty is a main surgery for this condition, while the optimal selection between unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty remains debatable. We aim to collect RCTs comparing these two techniques in treatment of knee osteoarthritis and make a meta-analysis in order to provide high level of evidence for future decision-making for this issue.

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Konan, Sujith. AO Total Knee Arthroplasty. Touch Surgery Publications, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2018.s0133.

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Smith, Paul N., David R. J. Gill, Michael J. McAuliffe, Catherine McDougall, James D. Stoney, Christopher J. Vertullo, Christopher J. Wall, et al. Primary Partial Knee Replacement: 2023 Supplementary Report. Australian Orthopaedic Association, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25310/qxvm4738.

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This supplementary report provides a brief overview of partial knee replacement followed by detailed information on patella/trochlea partial knee replacement. Summary information on unicompartmental knee replacement is available in the 2023 AOANJRR Annual Report. Primary knee replacement is an initial replacement procedure for the knee. Partial replacement involves replacement of a portion of the knee surface. This can vary from a small area, such as a partial resurfacing procedure, to replacement of an entire compartment of the knee, such as the patella/trochlea region. Information on the background, purpose, aims, benefits and governance of the Registry can be found in the Introductory chapter of the 2023 Hip, Knee and Shoulder Arthroplasty Annual Report. The Registry data quality processes including data collection, validation and outcomes assessment, are provided in detail in the Data Quality section of the introductory chapter of the 2023 Hip, Knee and Shoulder Arthroplasty Annual Report: https://aoanjrr.sahmri.com/annual-reports-2023.

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Hollerbach, K., and A. Hollister. Prosthetic knee design by simulation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15002379.

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Howell, Stephen M. Kinematic Total Knee Replacement (TKR). Touch Surgery Simulations, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2015.s0045.

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Hao, Dongsheng, Junjie Wang, and Liyun Zuo. Comparing the efficacy and safety of bicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty in the management of bicompartmental knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0016.

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Guede-Rojas, Francisco, Alexis Benavides-Villanueva, Sergio Salgado-González, Cristhian Mendoza, Gonzalo Arias-Álvarez, and Claudio Carvajal-Parodi. Effect of strength training on knee proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0102.

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Review question / Objective: To analyze the effect of strength training (ST) on knee proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Condition being studied: KOA is a chronic and degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage loss, marginal bone hypertrophy, and inflammatory involvement of periarticular tissue of the knee. Symptoms of KOA are pain, stiffness, reduced range of motion, and muscle weakness, although proprioception may also be affected, contributing to the associated functional limitation.

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Smith & Nephew. LEGION Revision Knee System with Cones. Touch Surgery Simulations, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2018.s0119.

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