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Journal articles on the topic 'Kn��k'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Carocca, Angel, Rubén Hidalgo, and Rubí Rodríguez. "Orbifolds with signature (0;k,kn−1,kn,kn)." Pacific Journal of Mathematics 263, no. 1 (May 14, 2013): 53–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/pjm.2013.263.53.

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2

Chen, Bor-Liang, and Kuo-Ching Huang. "On the linear k-arboricity of Kn and Kn,n." Discrete Mathematics 254, no. 1-3 (June 2002): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(01)00365-x.

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3

Борисенко, Владимир В., and Vladimir V. Borisenko. "$k$-распавшиеся и $k$-однородные латинские квадраты и их трансверсали." Matematicheskie Voprosy Kriptografii [Mathematical Aspects of Cryptography] 11, no. 3 (September 2020): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4213/mvk328.

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Рассматриваются $k$-распавшиеся латинские квадраты, т. е. латинские квадраты порядка $kn$, построенные на множестве чисел $\{ {0, \ldots ,kn - 1} \}$, которые при приведении по модулю $n$ дают $( {kn \times kn} )$-матрицу, состоящую из ${k^2}$ латинских квадратов порядка $n$. Если эти ${k^2}$ латинских квадратов одинаковы, то исходный квадрат называется $k$-однородным. Найдены точное число $k$-однородных латинских квадратов и нижняя оценка для числа $k$-распавшихся латинских квадратов. Изучены некоторые свойства трансверсалей $k$-однородных латинских квадратов.

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4

DIAO, YUANAN, and CLAUS ERNST. "HAMILTONIAN CYCLES AND ROPE LENGTHS OF CONWAY ALGEBRAIC KNOTS." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 15, no. 01 (January 2006): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216506004348.

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For a knot or link K, let L(K) denote the rope length of K and let Cr (K) denote the crossing number of K. An important problem in geometric knot theory concerns the bound on L(K) in terms of Cr (K). It is well-known that there exist positive constants c1, c2 such that for any knot or link K, c1 · ( Cr (K))3/4 ≤ L(K) ≤ c2 · ( Cr (K))3/2. It is also known that for any real number p such that 3/4 ≤ p ≤ 1, there exists a family of knots {Kn} with the property that Cr (Kn) → ∞ ( as n → ∞) such that L(Kn) = O( Cr (Kn)p). However, it is still an open question whether there exists a family of knots {Kn} with the property that Cr (Kn) → ∞ ( as n → ∞) such that L(Kn) = O( Cr (Kn)p) for some 1 < p ≤ 3/2. In this paper, we show that there are many families of prime alternating Conway algebraic knots {Kn} with the property that Cr (Kn) → ∞ ( as n → ∞) such that L(Kn) can grow no faster than linearly with respect to Cr (Kn).

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5

Chen, Shao-Fei, and Bo-Chao Liu. "K* production in the KN → Kπp reaction." Chinese Physics C 44, no. 3 (March 2020): 034107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/44/3/034107.

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6

Diao, Y., C. Ernst, and M. Thistlethwaite. "The Linear Growth in the Lengths of a Family of Thick Knots." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 12, no. 05 (August 2003): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216503002615.

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For any given knot K, a thick realization K0 of K is a knot of unit thickness which is of the same knot type as K. In this paper, we show that there exists a family of prime knots {Kn} with the property that Cr (Kn)→∞( as n→∞) such that the arc-length of any thick realization of Kn will grow at least linearly with respect to Cr (Kn).

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7

Mogbademu, Adesanmi. "A convergence theorem of multi-step iterative scheme for nonlinear maps." Publications de l'Institut Math?matique (Belgrade) 98, no. 112 (2015): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pim1512281m.

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Let K be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Banach space X,T:K ? K a nearly uniformly L-Lipschitzian (with sequence {rn}) asymptotically generalized ?-hemicontractive mapping (with sequence kn ? [1,?), lim n?? kn = 1) such that F(T) = {p?K:Tp=p}. Let {?n}n?0, {?kn}n?0 be real sequences in [0,1] satisfying the conditions: (i) ?n?0 ?n = 1 (ii) limn?? ?n, ?kn = 0, k = 1, 2,..., p?1. For arbitrary x0 ? K, let {xn}n?0 be a multi-step sequence iteratively defined by xn+1=(1??n)xn + ?nTny1n, n?0, ykn = (1 ? ?kn )xn + ?kn Tnyk+1n, k = 1,2,..., p?2 (0.1), yp?1n=(1? ?p?1n)xn + ?p?1n Tnxn, n ? 0, p ? 2. Then, {xn}n?0 converges strongly to p ? F(T). The result proved in this note significantly improve the results of Kim et al. [2].

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8

Zhong, Ting, Quanwu Mu, and Luming Shen. "Metrical property for GCFϵ expansion with the parameter function ϵ(k) = c(k + 1)." International Journal of Number Theory 11, no. 07 (October 21, 2015): 2065–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179304211550089x.

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This paper is concerned with the metric properties of the generalized continued fractions (GCFϵ) with the parameter function ϵ(kn), where kn is the nth partial quotient of the GCFϵ expansion. When -1 < ϵ(kn) ≤ 1, Zhong [Metrical properties for a class of continued fractions with increasing digits, J. Number Theory128 (2008) 1506–1515] obtained the following metrical properties: [Formula: see text] which are entirely unrelated to the choice of ϵ(kn) ∈ (-1, 1]. Here we deal with the case of ϵ(k) = c(k + 1) with constant c ∈ (0, ∞). It is proved that: [Formula: see text] which change with the real c ∈ (0, ∞). Note that [Formula: see text] as c → 0, it indicates that when c → 0, the GCFϵ has the same metrical property as the case of -1 < ϵ(kn) ≤ 1.

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9

Charoenpanitseri, Wongsakorn. "On(k,kn-k2-2k-1)-Choosability ofn-Vertex Graphs." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/690517.

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A(k,t)-list assignmentLof a graphGis a mapping which assigns a set of sizekto each vertexvofGand|⋃v∈V(G)‍L(v)|=t. A graphGis(k,t)-choosable ifGhas a proper coloringfsuch thatf(v)∈L(v)for each(k,t)-list assignmentL. In 2011, Charoenpanitseri et al. gave a characterization of(k,t)-choosability ofn-vertex graphs whent≥kn-k2-2k+1and left open problems whent≤kn-k2-2k. Recently, Ruksasakchai and Nakprasit obtain the results whent=kn-k2-2k. In this paper, we extend the results to caset=kn-k2-2k-1.

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10

Ferris, Daniel P., and Claire T. Farley. "Interaction of leg stiffness and surface stiffness during human hopping." Journal of Applied Physiology 82, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.82.1.15.

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Ferris, Daniel P., and Claire T. Farley. Interaction of leg stiffness and surface stiffness during human hopping. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(1): 15–22, 1997.—When mammals run, the overall musculoskeletal system behaves as a single linear “leg spring.” We used force platform and kinematic measurements to determine whether leg spring stiffness ( k leg) is adjusted to accommodate changes in surface stiffness ( k surf) when humans hop in place, a good experimental model for examining adjustments to k leg in bouncing gaits. We found that k leg was greatly increased to accommodate surfaces of lower stiffnesses. The series combination of k leg and k surf[total stiffness ( k tot)] was independent of k surf at a given hopping frequency. For example, when humans hopped at a frequency of 2 Hz, they tripled their k leg on the least stiff surface ( k surf = 26.1 kN/m; k leg = 53.3 kN/m) compared with the most stiff surface ( k surf = 35,000 kN/m; k leg = 17.8 kN/m). Values for k tot were not significantly different on the least stiff surface (16.7 kN/m) and the most stiff surface (17.8 kN/m). Because of the k leg adjustment, many aspects of the hopping mechanics (e.g., ground-contact time and center of mass vertical displacement) remained remarkably similar despite a >1,000-fold change in k surf. This study provides insight into how k leg adjustments can allow similar locomotion mechanics on the variety of terrains encountered by runners in the natural world.

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11

Loring, Terry A. "K-Theory and Asymptotically Commuting Matrices." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 40, no. 1 (February 1, 1988): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1988-008-9.

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To shed light on the following unsolved problem, several authors have considered related problems. The problem is that of finding commuting approximants to pairs of asymptotically commuting self-adjoint matrices:Suppose that Hn and Kn are self-adjoint matrices of dimension m(n), with ║Hn║, ║Kn║ ≦ 1, which commute asymptotically in the sense thatMust there then exist commuting self-adjoint matrices H′n and K′n for whichOne may alter the conditions imposed on Hn and Kn, for example, by requiring Hn to be normal and Kn to be self-adjoint, and ask whether commuting approximants H′n and K′n can be found satisfying the same conditions. Some of these related problems have been solved. This paper will examine their solutions from a K-theoretic point of view, illustrating the difficulty inherent in modifying them to work for the original problem.

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12

Southwick, S. M., W. Olson, and J. Yeager. "FOLIAR POTASSIUM SPRAY TIMING EFFECTS ON SEASONAL LEAF POTASSIUM AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FRENCH PRUNE (PRUNUS DOMESTICA)." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 594f—594. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.594f.

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Soil applied potassium (K) may not alleviate K deficiency in fine textured California soils when high numbers of prunes per tree are produced leading to leaf necrosis and limb death. Because K demand is increased by fruit, K nitrate (KN) sprays appear to be a corrective option for growers in this situation. Our objectives were to determine best seasonal KN spray liming strategies to minimize K deficiency, quantify K uptake into leaves after spray and to evaluate spray effects on productivity. Results indicated that regardless of spray timing leaf K was increased by approximately 0.3% and three weeks later decreased 0.2%. Average leaf K in sprayed trees was 0.7% higher than untreated trees at harvest. Fruit fresh to dry weight ratios were lower (better) from summer sprayed trees than spring. Summer KN sprayed trees had yield efficiencies equal to those having soil applied K. Fruit size was similar regardless of K application method. Foliar KN sprays may be a viable K augmentation to soil application in heavy crop years on fine textured soils.

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13

Komai, Hirochika, and Thomas S. McDowell. "Local Anesthetic Inhibition of Voltage-activated Potassium Currents in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons." Anesthesiology 94, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200106000-00025.

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Background Local anesthetic actions on the K+ channels of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and dorsal horn neurons may modulate sensory blockade during neuraxial anesthesia. In dorsal horn neurons, local anesthetics are known to inhibit transient but not sustained K+ currents. The authors characterized the effects of local anesthetics on K+ currents of isolated DRG neurons. Methods The effects of lidocaine, bupivacaine, and tetracaine on K+ currents in isolated rat DRG neurons were measured with use of a whole cell patch clamp method. The currents measured were fast-inactivating transient current (I(Af)), slow-inactivating transient current (I(As)), and noninactivating sustained current (I(Kn)). Results One group of cells (type 1) expressed I(Af) and I(Kn). The other group (type 2) expressed I(As) and I(Kn). The diameter of type 2 cells was smaller than that of type 1 cells. Lidocaine and bupivacaine inhibited all three K+ currents. Tetracaine inhibited I(As) and I(Kn) but not I(Af) For bupivacaine, the concentration for half-maximal inhibition (IC50) of I(Kn) in type 2 cells was lower than that for I(Kn) in type 1 cells (57 vs. 121 microM). Similar results were obtained for tetracaine (0.6 vs. 1.9 mM) and for lidocaine (2.2 vs. 5.1 mM). Conclusions Local anesthetics inhibited both transient and sustained K+ currents in DRG neurons. Because K+ current inhibition is known to potentiate local anesthetic-induced impulse inhibition, the lower IC50 for I(Kn) of small type 2 cells may reflect preferential inhibition of impulses in nociceptive neurons. The overall modulatory actions of local anesthetics probably are determined by their differential effects on presynaptic (DRG) and postsynaptic (dorsal horn neurons) K+ currents.

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14

Iksanov, Alexander, and Zakhar Kabluchko. "Weak convergence of the number of vertices at intermediate levels of random recursive trees." Journal of Applied Probability 55, no. 4 (December 2018): 1131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2018.75.

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Abstract Let Xn(k) be the number of vertices at level k in a random recursive tree with n+1 vertices. We are interested in the asymptotic behavior of Xn(k) for intermediate levels k=kn satisfying kn→∞ and kn=o(logn) as n→∞. In particular, we prove weak convergence of finite-dimensional distributions for the process (Xn ([knu]))u>0, properly normalized and centered, as n→∞. The limit is a centered Gaussian process with covariance (u,v)↦(u+v)−1. One-dimensional distributional convergence of Xn(kn), properly normalized and centered, was obtained with the help of analytic tools by Fuchs et al. (2006). In contrast, our proofs, which are probabilistic in nature, exploit a connection of our model with certain Crump–Mode–Jagers branching processes.

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15

Aceto, Paolo. "Symmetric ribbon disks." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 23, no. 09 (August 2014): 1450048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216514500485.

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We study the ribbon disks that arise from a symmetric union presentation of a ribbon knot. A natural notion of symmetric ribbon number rS(K) is introduced and compared with the classical ribbon number r(K). We show that the difference rS(K) - r(K) can be arbitrarily large by constructing an infinite family of ribbon knots Kn such that r(Kn) = 2 and rS(Kn) > n. The proof is based on a particularly simple description of symmetric unions in terms of certain band diagrams which leads to an upper bound for the Heegaard genus of their branched double covers.

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16

Chen, G., and R. H. Schelp. "Ramsey Problems with Bounded Degree Spread." Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 2, no. 3 (September 1993): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548300000663.

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Let k be a positive integer, k ≥ 2. In this paper we study bipartite graphs G such that, for n sufficiently large, each two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph Kn gives a monochromatic copy of G, with some k of its vertices having the maximum degree of these k vertices minus the minimum degree of these k vertices (in the colored Kn) at most k − 2.

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17

Song, Yan-Kui. "On star-K-Hurewicz spaces." Filomat 31, no. 5 (2017): 1279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1705279s.

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A space X is star-K-Hurewicz if for each sequence (Un : n ? N) of open covers of X there exists a sequence (Kn : n ? N) of compact subsets of X such that for each x ? X, x ? St(Kn,Un) for all but finitely many n. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between star-K-Hurewicz spaces and related spaces by giving some examples, and also study topological properties of star-K-Hurewicz spaces.

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18

Hards, Gray, Noël, and Cunjak. "Utility of Condition Indices as Predictors of Lipid Content in Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus)." Diversity 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11050071.

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Slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) are increasingly being used as indicator species. This has primarily entailed measuring their condition, the assumption being that condition can be used as a surrogate for lipid content. While there is evidence to suggest this assumption is applicable to some fish, it has yet to be validated for C. cognatus. Further, there are several means by which one may calculate condition, the most commonly employed of which are indirect measurements of lipid content (namely, Fulton's K, somatic K (Ks), and Le Cren's relative condition factor (Kn)). We compared the ability of each of these morphometric indices to predict whole-body lipid content in C. cognatus. There was a moderate degree of evidence that Fulton's K, Ks, and Kn are reliable predictors (Ks and Kn in particular). Of the latter we recommend Kn be used because, unlike Ks, it does not require that fish be killed. And while Fulton's K did not perform quite as well, we consider it a sufficient substitute if the data necessary to calculate Kn are unavailable.

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19

MINHUI, ZHU, and WANG TINGTING. "THE DIVISIBILITY OF THE CLASS NUMBER OF THE IMAGINARY QUADRATIC FIELD." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 54, no. 1 (December 9, 2011): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089511000486.

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AbstractLet hK denote the class number of the imaginary quadratic field $K=\mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{2^{2m}-k^n})$, where m and n are positive integers, k is an odd integer with k > 1 and 22m < kn. In this paper we prove that if either 3 ∣ n and 22m − kn ≡ 5(mod 8) or n = 3 and k = (22m+2 −1)/3, then ∣ hK. Otherwise, we have n ∣ hK.

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20

Bárány, I., F. Fodor, and V. Vígh. "Intrinsic volumes of inscribed random polytopes in smooth convex bodies." Advances in Applied Probability 42, no. 3 (September 2010): 605–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1282924055.

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Let K be a d-dimensional convex body with a twice continuously differentiable boundary and everywhere positive Gauss-Kronecker curvature. Denote by Kn the convex hull of n points chosen randomly and independently from K according to the uniform distribution. Matching lower and upper bounds are obtained for the orders of magnitude of the variances of the sth intrinsic volumes Vs(Kn) of Kn for s ∈ {1,…,d}. Furthermore, strong laws of large numbers are proved for the intrinsic volumes of Kn. The essential tools are the economic cap covering theorem of Bárány and Larman, and the Efron-Stein jackknife inequality.

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21

Ustimenko, Vasyl, Urszula Romańczuk-Polubiec, Aneta Wróblewska, Monika Katarzyna Polak, and Eustrat Zhupa. "On the Constructions of New Symmetric Ciphers Based on Nonbijective Multivariate Maps of Prescribed Degree." Security and Communication Networks 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2137561.

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The main purpose of this paper is to introduce stream ciphers with the nonbijective encryption function of multivariate nature constructed in terms of algebraic graph theory. More precisely, we describe the two main symmetric algorithms for creation of multivariate encryption transformations based on three families of bipartite graphs with partition sets isomorphic to Kn, where K is selected as the finite commutative ring. The plainspace of the algorithm is Ω={x∣∑xi∈K⁎, x∈Kn}⊂Kn,Ω≅K⁎×Kn-1. The second algorithm is a generalization of the first one with using the jump operator, where generalized encryption map has an essentially higher degree in comparison with the previous version. Moreover, the degree of this generalized map is not bounded by some constant. This property guarantees resistance of the cipher to linearization attacks.

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22

Middendorf, Martin, Hartmut Schmeck, Heiko Schröder, and Gavin Turner. "Multiplication of Matrices With Different Sparseness Properties on Dynamically Reconfigurable Meshes." VLSI Design 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/32697.

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Algorithms for multiplying several types of sparse n x n-matrices on dynamically reconfigurable n x n-arrays are presented. For some classes of sparse matrices constant time algorithms are given, e.g., when the first matrix has at most kn elements in each column or in each row and the second matrix has at most kn nonzero elements in each row, where k is a constant. Moreover, O(kn ) algorithms are obtained for the case that one matrix is a general sparse matrix with at most kn nonzero elements and the other matrix has at most k nonzero elements in every row or in every column. Also a lower bound of Ω(Kn ) is proved for this and other cases which shows that the algorithms are close to the optimum.

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23

Samad, Rifat, and JL Karmoker. "Effects of gibberellic acid and Kn on seed germination and accumulation of Na+ and K+ in the seedlings of triticale-I under salinity stress." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 41, no. 2 (January 21, 2013): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i2.13435.

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Effects of GA and Kn on seed germination and accumulation of Na+ and K+ in the seedlings of Triticale cultivar was investigated under salinity stress. Salinity decreased the rate of seed germination and ion accumulation in the seedlings but both GA and Kn stimulated these processes under stress. Salinity increased the accumulation of Na+ in radicles and plumules with concomitant inhibition of that of K+, GA and Kn, on the other hand, reduced the rate of Na+ accumulation and increased that of K+ in the seedlings. The interrelationship between the effect of salinity and growth regulators on seed germination and the accumulation of Na+ and K+ in the seedlings is discussed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i2.13435 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(2): 123-129, 2012 (December)

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Cova, Ramón J. "A Bose description of the 1-D para-Bose and para-Fermi oscillators." Canadian Journal of Physics 87, no. 6 (June 2009): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p09-034.

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In the Fock space of two Bose operators all the irreducible representations of both the 1-D para-Bose and para-Fermi oscillators are constructed. Bose states of the form |p + k–1, kn > (|p – k, kn), n = 1,2, are shown to stand for states of k-parabosons (k-parafermions) of order p. For n = 1 or n = 2 the various subspaces may be visualized in the plane as either straight-lines or parabolae, respectively.

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AN, ZHIHUA, BAOYINDURENG WU, DAOBIN LI, YUN WANG, and GUIFU SU. "NORDHAUS–GADDUM-TYPE THEOREM FOR DIAMETER OF GRAPHS WHEN DECOMPOSING INTO MANY PARTS." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 03, no. 03 (September 2011): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179383091100122x.

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Let Kn be the complete graph of order n, and k ≥ 2 any fixed integer. Assume (G1, G2,…,Gk) is a decomposition of Kn such that Gi is connected for each i = 1,…, k. We show that for any sufficiently large n, [Formula: see text], and that the bounds are best possible.

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DOOLEY, A. H., and V. YA GOLODETS. "The geometric dimension of an equivalence relation and finite extensions of countable groups." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 29, no. 6 (March 2, 2009): 1789–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014338570800093x.

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AbstractWe say that the geometric dimension of a countable group G is equal to n if any free Borel action of G on a standard Borel probability space (X,μ), induces an equivalence relation of geometric dimension n on (X,μ) in the sense of Gaboriau. Let ℬ be the set of all finitely generated amenable groups all of whose subgroups are also finitely generated, and let 𝒜 be the subset of ℬ consisting of finite groups, torsion-free groups and their finite extensions. In this paper we study finite free products K of groups in 𝒜. The geometric dimension of any such group K is one: we prove that also geom-dim(Gf(K))=1 for any finite extension Gf(K) of K, applying the results of Stallings on finite extensions of free product groups, together with the results of Gaboriau and others in orbit equivalence theory. Using results of Karrass, Pietrowski and Solitar we extend these results to finite extensions of free groups. We also give generalizations and applications of these results to groups with geometric dimension greater than one. We construct a family of finitely generated groups {Kn}n∈ℕ,n>1, such that geom-dim(Kn)=n and geom-dim(Gf(Kn))=n for any finite extension Gf(Kn) of Kn. In particular, this construction allows us to produce, for each integer n>1, a family of groups {K(s,n)}s∈ℕ of geometric dimension n, such that any finite extension of K(s,n) also has geometric dimension n, but the finite extensions Gf(K(s,n)) are non-isomorphic, if s≠s′.

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Gutman, I., and S. Zhang. "Graph connectivity and Wiener index." Bulletin: Classe des sciences mathematiques et natturalles 133, no. 31 (2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bmat0631001g.

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The graphs with a given number n of vertices and given (vertex or edge) connectivity k, having minimum Wiener index are determined. In both cases this is Kk + (K1 U Kn-k-1), the graph obtained by connecting all vertices of the complete graph Kk with all vertices of the graph whose two components are Kn-k-1 and K1. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 05C12, 05C40 05C35.

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Li, Shenmaishang, Zuoxiang Zeng, and Weilan Xue. "Kinetic and equilibrium study of the removal of reactive dye using modified walnut shell." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 874–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.324.

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Abstract Modified walnut shell (EAWNS) was prepared by reaction with epichlorohydrin and alkaline solution of aspartic acid and used to remove reactive dye (Reactive Brilliant Blue (KN-R)) from aqueous media. The isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of KN–R adsorption onto EAWNS were studied at 298–318 K. The isotherm data of KN–R adsorption onto EAWNS agreed closely with the Langmuir model. The theoretical monolayer adsorption capacity for KN–R was 224.42 mg/g at 318 K. The result from the Dubinin–Radushkevich model showed that the KN–R adsorption onto EAWNS is chemisorption. The adsorption rate of KN–R onto EAWNS conformed to the pseudo-second-order model. The diffusion mechanism was investigated by the intraparticle diffusion model. The mass-transfer coefficient calculated by the surface mass-transfer coefficient model was in range of 2.95 × 10−5 to 2.93 × 10−4cm/s. The thermodynamic results suggested that the adsorption of KN–R onto EAWNS is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The design of a single-stage batch adsorption process based on EAWNS adsorbent was carried out. Furthermore, the recycled EAWNS maintains high adsorption capacity despite four cycles.

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29

PITOUN, FRÉDÉRIC. "CONOYAUX DE CAPITULATION ET MODULES D'IWASAWA." International Journal of Number Theory 07, no. 06 (September 2011): 1503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042111004861.

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Soit F un corps de nombres totalement réel et p un premier impair, on note K0 = F(ζp). Pour n ∈ ℕ, Kn désigne le n-ième étage de la ℤp-extension cyclotomique K∞/K0, An est la p-partie du groupe des classes de Kn, [Formula: see text] et N∞ est l'extension de K∞ obtenue en extrayant des racines p-primaires d'unités. Le but de cet article est de montrer que le dual de Pontryagin de la partie plus des conoyaux de capitulation [Formula: see text], sur laquelle l'action de Γ a été tordue une fois par le caractère cyclotomique et la partie moins de la ℤp-torsion du groupe de Galois Gal (N∞ ∩ L∞/K∞) sont isomorphes. Let F be a totally real number field and p an odd prime, we note K0 = F(ζp). For an integer n, Kn is the nth floor of the ℤp-cyclotomic extension K∞/K0, An is the p-part of the class group of Kn, [Formula: see text] and N∞ is the extension of K∞ generated by p-primary roots of units. In this article, we prove that the plus part of the capitulation's cokernel [Formula: see text], on which Γ-action was twisted on time by the cyclotomic character, and the minus part of the ℤp-torsion of the Galois group Gal (N∞ ∩ L∞/K∞) is isomorphic.

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30

Elias, Joan. "On the analytic equivalence of curves." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 100, no. 1 (July 1986): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100065865.

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31

Pittaluga, Marilena. "Polynomial vector fields on Kn as a GLn(K)-module." Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 36 (1985): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4049(85)90080-5.

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32

Ho, Nguyen Thanh Vinh, Vinh Vinh Le, Nhi Dien Nguyen, Kien Cuong Nguyen, Ton Nghiem Huynh, Quoc Duong Tran, and Tien Vu Nguyen. "Thermal-hydraulics analysis for VVR-KN fuel lead test using PLTEMP code." Nuclear Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v8i1.78.

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VVR-KN is one of the low-enriched fuel types to be considered for a new research reactor (RR) of a Centre for Nuclear Energy Science and Technology (CNEST) of Vietnam. This fuel type was qualified by a lead test carried out with three fuel assemblies (FAs) in 6-MWt WWR-K research reactor at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kazakhstan. VVR-KN fuel was then used for conversion of the WWR-K reactor core from highly-enriched to low-enriched uranium fuel and the reactor was successfully commissioned in September 2016. PLTEMP is a thermal-hydraulic code with plate and coaxial tube models that seems to be suitable for VVR-KN fuel type. Before using PLTEMP code for thermal-hydraulics analysis of the new RR, a calculation for code validation was performed based on the data of the VVR-KN fuel lead test. First, MCNP5 code was used to calculate the power distribution of WWR-K reactor core with lead test fuel assemblies (LTAs) at the core center. Then, thermal-hydraulics parameters of the LTAs were obtained by using PLTEMP code together with calculated data of the power distribution and the lead test conditions. A comparison between the analytic results and the lead test data was made to confirm the suitability of PLTEMP code for thermal-hydraulics analysis of VVR-KN fuel under forced convection and downward flow conditions.

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33

Skorokhod, Anatoli V. "Quasistable gradient and hamiltonian systems with a pairwise interaction randomly perturbed by wiener processes." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Stochastic Analysis 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1048953303000042.

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Infinite systems of stochastic differential equations for randomly perturbed particle systems in Rd with pairwise interacting are considered. For gradient systems these equations are of the form dxk(t)=Fk(t)td+σdwk(t) and for Hamiltonian systems these equations are of the form dx˙k(t)=Fk(t)td+σdwk(t). Here xk(t) is the position of the kth particle, x˙k(t) is its velocity, Fk=−∑j≠kUx(xk(t)−xj(t)), where the function U:Rd→R is the potential of the system, σ>0 is a constant, {wk(t),k=1,2,…} is a sequence of independent standard Wiener processes.Let {xk} be a sequence of different points in Rd with |xk|→∞, and {υk} be a sequence in Rd. Let {x˜kN(t),k≤N} be the trajectories of the N-particles gradient system for which x˜kN(0)=xk,k≤N, and let {xk(t),k≤N} be the trajectories of the N-particles Hamiltonian system for which xkN(0)=xk,x˙k(0)=υk,k≤N. A system is called quasistable if for all integers m the joint distribution of {xkN(t),k≤m} or {x˜kN(t),k≤m} has a limit as N→∞. We investigate conditions on the potential function and on the initial conditions under which a system possesses this property.

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34

Goodearl, K. R., and E. S. Letzter. "Semiclassical limits of quantum affine spaces." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 52, no. 2 (May 28, 2009): 387–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091507000910.

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AbstractSemiclassical limits of generic multi-parameter quantized coordinate rings A=$\mathcal{O}$q(kn) of affine spaces are constructed and related to A, for k an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and q a multiplicatively antisymmetric matrix whose entries generate a torsion-free subgroup of k×. A semiclassical limit of A is a Poisson algebra structure on the corresponding classical coordinate ring R=$\mathcal{O}$(kn), and results of Oh, Park, Shin and the authors are used to construct homeomorphisms from the Poisson-prime and Poisson-primitive spectra of R onto the prime and primitive spectra of~A. The Poisson-primitive spectrum of R is then identified with the space of symplectic cores in kn in the sense of Brown and Gordon, and an example is presented (over ℂ) for which the Poisson-primitive spectrum of R is not homeomorphic to the space of symplectic leaves in kn. Finally, these results are extended from quantum affine spaces to quantum affine toric varieties.

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35

CHEN, SHI-CHAO, and HAO LUO. "BOUNDS FOR ODD k-PERFECT NUMBERS." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 84, no. 3 (July 21, 2011): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972711002462.

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AbstractLet k≥2 be an integer. A natural number n is called k-perfect if σ(n)=kn. For any integer r≥1, we prove that the number of odd k-perfect numbers with at most r distinct prime factors is bounded by (k−1)4r3.

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36

Wu, Zhong, Mustaque Hossain, and Andrew J. Gisi. "Performance of Superpave Mixtures Under Accelerated Load Testing." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1716, no. 1 (January 2000): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1716-15.

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The performances of two Superpave® test sections, constructed with 12.5 mm (0.5 in.) nominal maximum size Superpave mixture (SM-2A) with varying percentages of river sand at the Kansas Accelerated Testing Laboratory (K-ATL), are described. A 150-kN (34-kip) tandem axle with dual wheels and 620-kPa (90-psi) tire pressure was used for loading. After 10,000 repetitions, the sections were loaded by 160-kN (36-kip), 150-kN (34-kip), and 144-kN (32.5-kip) tandem axles and 98-kN (22-kip), 90-kN (20-kip), and 80-kN (18-kip) single axles, for estimating relative pavement damage due to different axle loads and configurations. Critical pavement responses were measured on each test section with the transverse strain gauges and soil pressure cells under both K-ATL tandem axle and falling weight deflectomter (FWD) loads. The pavement responses were also estimated from a multilayer elastic analysis program, ELSYM5. Laboratory fatigue tests were conducted on the SM-2A beams. Fatigue and rutting damage analyses were then conducted. The results indicated very little fatigue damage on these sections. The Superpave mixtures appeared to be less susceptible to fatigue damage, presumably due to better aggregate structure and higher binder content than the traditional asphalt mixtures. Rutting on the section with 15 percent river sand was mainly due to consolidation of the SM-2A and/or other layers since no significant flow of the Superpave mixture was evident. The AASHTO load equivalency factors were found to be much higher than those calculated in this study.

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37

Wei, Yuan, Ming Lu, and WenHui Wang. "Ca2+ mediates the effect of inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase on the basolateral K+ channels in the rat CCD." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 280, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): C920—C928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.280.4.c920.

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We investigated the effect of inhibiting Na+-K+-ATPase on the basolateral 18-pS K+ channel in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) of the rat kidney. Inhibiting Na+-K+-ATPase with strophanthidin decreased the activity of the 18-pS K+channel and increased the intracellular Ca2+ to 420 nM. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ abolished the effect of strophanthidin. When intracellular Ca2+ was raised with 5 μM ionomycin or A-23187 to 300, 400, and 500 nM, the activity of the 18-pS K+ channel in cell-attached patches fell by 40, 85, and 96%, respectively. To explore the mechanism of Ca2+-induced inhibition, the effect of 400 nM Ca2+ on channel activity was studied in the presence of calphostin C, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, or KN-93 and KN-62, inhibitors of calmodulin-dependent kinase II. Addition of calphostin C or KN-93 or KN-62 failed to block the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of Ca2+. This suggested that the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of Ca2+ was not mediated by protein kinase C or calmodulin-dependent kinase II pathways. To examine the possibility that the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of Ca2+ was mediated by the interaction of nitric oxide with superoxide, we investigated the effect of 400 nM Ca2+ on channel activity in the presence of 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid (Tiron) or N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. Pretreatment of the tubules with 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid or N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester completely abolished the inhibitory effect of 400 nM Ca2+ on channel activity. Moreover, application of 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid reversed the inhibitory effect of strophanthidin. We conclude that the effect of inhibiting Na+-K+-ATPase is mediated by intracellular Ca2+ and the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of Ca2+ is the result of interaction of nitric oxide with superoxide.

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38

Freund, F., and M. Möhle. "On the number of allelic types for samples taken from exchangeable coalescents with mutation." Advances in Applied Probability 41, no. 4 (December 2009): 1082–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1261669587.

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Let Kn denote the number of types of a sample of size n taken from an exchangeable coalescent process (Ξ-coalescent) with mutation. A distributional recursion for the sequence (Kn)n∈ℕ is derived. If the coalescent does not have proper frequencies, i.e. if the characterizing measure Ξ on the infinite simplex Δ does not have mass at 0 and satisfies ∫Δ ∣x∣Ξ(dx)/(x,x)<∞, where ∣x∣:=∑i=1∞xi and (x,x)≔∑i=1∞xi2 for x=(x1,x2,…)∈Δ, then Kn/n converges weakly as n→∞ to a limiting variable K that is characterized by an exponential integral of the subordinator associated with the coalescent process. For so-called simple measures Ξ satisfying ∫ΔΞ(d x)/(x,x)<∞, we characterize the distribution of K via a fixed-point equation.

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39

Eum, Ick Sun, Ja Kyung Koo, and Dong Hwa Shin. "Binary quadratic forms and ray class groups." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 150, no. 2 (January 23, 2019): 695–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/prm.2018.163.

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AbstractLet K be an imaginary quadratic field different from $\open{Q}(\sqrt {-1})$ and $\open{Q}(\sqrt {-3})$. For a positive integer N, let KN be the ray class field of K modulo $N {\cal O}_K$. By using the congruence subgroup ± Γ1(N) of SL2(ℤ), we construct an extended form class group whose operation is basically the Dirichlet composition, and explicitly show that this group is isomorphic to the Galois group Gal(KN/K). We also present an algorithm to find all distinct form classes and show how to multiply two form classes. As an application, we describe Gal(KNab/K) in terms of these extended form class groups for which KNab is the maximal abelian extension of K unramified outside prime ideals dividing $N{\cal O}_K$.

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40

Balogh, Jozsef, and Gelasio Salazar. "k-Sets, Convex Quadrilaterals, and the Rectilinear Crossing Number of Kn." Discrete & Computational Geometry 35, no. 4 (February 10, 2006): 671–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00454-005-1227-6.

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41

KANG, DONG YEAP. "Sparse Highly Connected Spanning Subgraphs in Dense Directed Graphs." Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 28, no. 3 (November 5, 2018): 423–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548318000469.

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Mader proved that every strongly k-connected n-vertex digraph contains a strongly k-connected spanning subgraph with at most 2kn - 2k2 edges, where equality holds for the complete bipartite digraph DKk,n-k. For dense strongly k-connected digraphs, this upper bound can be significantly improved. More precisely, we prove that every strongly k-connected n-vertex digraph D contains a strongly k-connected spanning subgraph with at most kn + 800k(k + Δ(D)) edges, where Δ(D) denotes the maximum degree of the complement of the underlying undirected graph of a digraph D. Here, the additional term 800k(k + Δ(D)) is tight up to multiplicative and additive constants. As a corollary, this implies that every strongly k-connected n-vertex semicomplete digraph contains a strongly k-connected spanning subgraph with at most kn + 800k2 edges, which is essentially optimal since 800k2 cannot be reduced to the number less than k(k - 1)/2.We also prove an analogous result for strongly k-arc-connected directed multigraphs. Both proofs yield polynomial-time algorithms.

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42

Yu, Sheng Fei, Yuan Liu, Xian Jun Li, and Wu Sheng Luo. "Studies on Poplar Veneer Dyeing with Reactive Yellow Dyes." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.118.

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In this paper, the relationship is studied by spectrophotometric method between the structure of reactive yellow X-R, reactive yellow K-6G, reactive yellow KN-GR, reactive yellow M-5G, reactive yellow M-3RE, reactive yellow EF-3R and their colors, poplar veneer dyeing characteristic parameters S, E, R, F values, exhaustion curves and fixation curves. The results showed that longer conjugated system and better coordination of electron donor and acceptor group and smaller steric hindrance generates longer absorbance wavelength. The S value of six active dyes is reactive yellow X-R> reactive yellow KN-GR> reactive yellow K-6G> reactive yellow M-5G> reactive yellow M-3RE> reactive yellow EF-3R, the R and E and F value is reactive yellow M-3RE> reactive yellow M-5G> reactive yellow EF-3R> reactive yellow X-R> reactive yellow KN-GR> reactive yellow K-6G. The exhaustion and fixation rate is increasing with the increasing of time, except that the exhaustion containing single chlorine-triazine is decreasing within 10min after addition of alkali.

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43

Nikiforov, Vladimir. "An asymptotically tight bound on the q-index of graphs with forbidden cycles." Publications de l'Institut Math?matique (Belgrade) 95, no. 109 (2014): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pim1409189n.

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Let G be a graph of order n and let q(G) be the largest eigenvalue of the signless Laplacian of G. It is shown that if k ? 2, n > 5k2, and q(G) ? n + 2k ? 2, then G contains a cycle of length l for each l ? {3, 4,..., 2k + 2}. This bound on q(G) is asymptotically tight, as the graph Kk ?Kn?k contains no cycles longer than 2k and q(Kk ?Kn?k) > n + 2k?2?2k(k ? 1)/ n+2k?3. The main result gives an asymptotic solution to a recent conjecture about the maximum q(G) of a graph G with forbidden cycles. The proof of the main result and the tools used therein could serve as a guidance to the proof of the full conjecture.

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44

Memon, YM, IF Fergus, JD Hughes, and DW Page. "Utilization of non-exchangeable soil potassium in relation to soil type, plant species and stage of growth." Soil Research 26, no. 3 (1988): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9880489.

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The stage of growth at which three plant species, a grass, a legume and a cereal, absorbed initially non-exchangeable potassium (Kn) from two soils, a red podzolic and a krasnozem, was examined by sequential harvesting in a glasshouse experiment. Large amounts of Kn were removed from the red podzolic soil, which contained greater amounts of micaceous material, in the order setaria > maize > lucerne. Uptake of Kn appeared insignificant after exchangeable Kn as measured on the bulk soil, had been depleted by about 60%, and its contribution to total plant uptake thereafter was independent of species. For setaria and maize, plant K concentrations at this time were above the critical level, so that Kn represents a potassium resource that can be exploited during normal growth of an appropriate species. Uptake of Kn from the krasnozem was relatively small. The red podzolic soil yielded much more Kn than a similar soil in earlier experiments. This was attributed to differences in clay mineralogy, possibly associated with differences in the weathering stages reached by the two soils. Thus, it is not possible to infer the pattern of release of Kn simply from a knowledge of Great Soil Group and parent material.

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45

Hosaka, Tomooki, Tatsuo Matsuyama, Kei Kubota, Ryoichi Tatara, and Shinichi Komaba. "KFSA/glyme electrolytes for 4 V-class K-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 45 (2020): 23766–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta08851j.

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46

Srinivasan, Murali K. "Incidence matrices for matchings." Special Matrices 6, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/spma-2018-0024.

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Abstract LetM(n) denote the set of all matchings of the complete graph Kn. Set t =[ ]. For 0 ≤ k < l ≤ t−k ≤ t, letM(k, l) denote the incidence matrix of the cardinality k matchings (the rows) vs. the cardinality l matchings (the columns). We show that M(k, l) has full row rank

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47

PUGLIESE, ANDREA, and ROBERTO ROSÀ. "A 2-DIMENSIONAL MODEL FOR MACROPARASITIC INFECTIONS IN A HOST WITH LOGISTIC GROWTH." Journal of Biological Systems 03, no. 03 (September 1995): 833–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339095000769.

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We analysed a model for the interaction of a macroparasite and a host population growing logistically. The model is obtained by approximating the parasite distribution with a negative binomial with a fixed clumping parameter. By letting the contact rate k vary, we found a complex pattern of bifurcations, including subcritical bifurcations of the disease-free equilibrium, Hopf and homoclinic bifurcations. The specific pattern depends on the interaction of the various parameters; in particular, alternative stable equilibria may occur only when the carrying capacity KN is sufficiently large, while periodic solutions may occur for all values of KN, if k is large enough.

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48

DING, JINTAI, TIMOTHY J. HODGES, VICTORIA KRUGLOV, DIETER SCHMIDT, and STEFAN TOHǍNEANU. "GROWTH OF THE IDEAL GENERATED BY A QUADRATIC MULTIVARIATE FUNCTION OVER GF(3)." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 12, no. 05 (May 7, 2013): 1250219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498812502192.

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Let K be the field GF(3). We calculate the growth of the ideal Aλ where A is the algebra of functions from Kn → Kn and λ is a quadratic function. Specifically we calculate dim Akλ where Ak is the space of polynomials of degree less than or equal to k. This question arises in the analysis of the complexity of Gröbner basis attacks on multivariate quadratic cryptosystems such as the Hidden Field Equation systems. We also prove analogous results over the associated graded ring [Formula: see text] and state conjectures for the case of a general finite field of odd order.

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49

Fadillah, Suci Yefri, Lyra Yulianti, and Syafrizal Sy. "DIMENSI PARTISI GRAF SPINNER (C3 × P2) Kn UNTUK n = 1 DAN n = 2." Jurnal Matematika UNAND 7, no. 4 (February 19, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jmu.7.4.69-75.2018.

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Misalkan G = (V, E) suatu graf terhubung, Misal V (G) dipartisi menjadi k buah himpunan, S1, S2, · · · , Sk yang saling lepas. Definisikan Π = {S1, S2, · · · , Sk} sebagai himpunan yang berisikan k-partisi tersebut. Misalkan terdapat titik V ∈ V (G), maka representasi dari v terhadap Π didefinisikan sebagai r(v|Π) = (d(v, S1), · · · , d(v, Sk)). Jika setiap titik di G memiliki representasi yang berbeda terhadap Π, maka Π disebut partisi penyelesaian graf G. Kardinalitas minimum dari partisi penyelesaian disebut dimensi partisi dari G dinotasikan pd(G). hasil perkalian kartesius antara graf lingkaran C3 dengan graf lintasan P2, disimbolkan dengan C3 × P2. Kemudian hasil perkalian kartesius tersebut, diberikan operasi korona dengan komplemen dari graf lengkap Kn yang dinotasikan dengan Kn, sehingga didapatkan graf baru yang diberi nama graf spinner (C3 × P2) Kn, untuk n ≥ 1.Kata Kunci: Dimensi partisi, Hasil Perkalian Kartesius, Graf Spinner, Korona

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50

Jaulent, Jean-François, and Christian Maire. "Sur les invariants d'Iwasawa des tours cyclotomiques." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 178–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-2003-019-8.

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AbstractWe carry out the computation of the Iwasawa invariants associated to abelian T-ramified S-decomposed ℓ-extensions over the finite steps Kn of the cyclotomic -extension K∞/K of a number field of CM-type.

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