Relevant bibliographies by topics / KIR region

Academic literature on the topic 'KIR region'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "KIR region"

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Gemejiyeva, N. G., M. S. Ramazanova, A. Musrat, and A. V. Kerdyashkin. "Distribution and stocks of plant raw materials of promising alkaloid plants from South Balkhash." Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии 19, no. 1 (June 2, 2020): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2020019.

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In the article, the results of studies on the distribution and stocks of plant raw materials on promisingalkaloid-bearing plants from South Balkhash region are shown. Practical interests have the stocks of Haplophyllum perforatum Kar. et Kir. and Echinops albicaulis Kar. et Kir. The decrease in stocks of Echinops albicaulis was noted due toanthropogenic impact.
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Knyazev, M. S. "Astragalus habaheensis (sect. Erioceras, Fabaceae) in Mongolia and China." Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium, no. 51 (December 2020): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2020.51.39.

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A new species to the flora of Mongolia, Astragalus habaheensis Y. X. Liou (A. arcuatus Kar. et Kir. s. l., Fabaceae), was revealed among herbarium material (LE!). It is assumed that all reports of A. arcuatus Kar. et Kir. and A. subarcuatus Popov for Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China also belong to A. habaheensis. The difference between A. habaheensis and closely related species is illustrated by the original illustration and the identification key.
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Anderson, Stephen, Hongchuan Li, Andrew Huehn, Sarah Cooley, and Jeffrey Miller. "Characterization of a weakly expressed KIR2DL1 allele supports a positive role for the KIR distal promoter in proximal KIR promoter activation. (P1357)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2013): 63.31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.63.31.

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Abstract The variegated expression of the human KIR family of class I MHC receptors provides an interesting model system for the study of stochastic activation of gene transcription. Previous studies have linked distal KIR promoter transcription to the initiation of KIR expression from the proximal promoter. In order to identify novel genetic alterations associated with decreased KIR expression, a group of 182 donors was characterized for KIR gene content, KIR transcripts, and FACS analysis of KIR surface expression. An individual was discovered that possessed a single copy of the KIR2DL1 gene but had a low level of gene expression by either FACS or Q-PCR. Complete sequencing of the KIR2DL1 gene confirmed the presence of an intact coding region. Analysis of the three known promoter regions revealed a cluster of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the distal promoter region approximately 1 kb upstream from the start of KIR2DL1 translation. These SNPs are also found in the distal promoter region of the non-transcribed KIR2DL5*002 allele as well as the KIR3DP1 pseudogene. One of these SNPs creates a binding site for the inhibitory ZEB1 transcription factor that overlaps a c-Myc binding site previously implicated in the activation of KIR genes by distal transcription. We therefore propose that the generation of this novel ZEB1-binding site antagonizes the Myc-associated activation of the KIR2DL1 gene by the distal promoter.
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Haack, Becky, Valarie McCullar, Todd Lenvik, Michelle Pitt, Stephen Anderson, and Jeffrey S. Miller. "C-MYC Induces KIR Expression Via a Novel Control Region Upstream of the Conventional Adult KIR Promoter." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.764.764.

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Abstract KIR determine whether NK cells will be alloreactive against targets. Although epigenetic control is thought to play a role in KIR expression, the mechanism of KIR repertoire formation is unknown. Recently, a probabilistic transcriptional mechanism has been shown to control the acquisition of mouse Ly49 receptors using a switch region upstream of each Ly49 promoter (S. Anderson). Based on this information, the DNA upstream of known KIR genes was scanned for similar motifs to test the hypothesis that similar control mechanisms are operant in human NK cells. A putative c-myc/AML binding site was found approximately 1Kb upstream of the traditional KIR promoters. Initiation of transcription in this region was observed by RNAse protection, and spliced KIR mRNAs originating in the upstream region were cloned. To look at the effects of c-myc on KIR expression, we transduced NK92 cells using retroviral murine stem cell virus vectors containing either c-myc/eGFP or eGFP alone. Cells expressing high levels of c-myc were 18% KIR positive as compared to 0.9% of control cells. To further look at the effect of c-myc on KIR from primary cells, we transduced CD34+ progenitors isolated from umbilical cord blood with c-myc/eGFP and eGFP vectors. eGFP+ cells were plated on the murine fetal liver line AFT024 and cultured with IL-15, IL-7, IL-3, Flt3 ligand, and c-kit ligand, all known to induce NK cell differentiation. Although c-myc is an oncogene, it did not promote autonomous growth of NK cells in the absence of exogenous cytokines. Proliferation was significantly increased in single cell progenitors over-expressing c-myc with 739.3x103 NK cell progeny compared to 0.56x103 from each control cell after 21 days (p<0.0001). At this early time point, 21.68 ± 3.25% of c-myc cells were KIR positive while 0.0% of control cells were KIR positive (p<0.0001) suggesting that c-myc targets KIR expression. Furthermore, bulk-transduced cells over expressing c-myc had 3.9 times the level of early non-coding transcripts originating from the upstream promoter as compared to eGFP transduced cells. A direct effect of c-myc on the upstream promoter was supported by ChIP assays demonstrating increased binding to the c-myc/AML site. The presence of these upstream transcripts directly correlates with increased conventional KIR transcripts as shown by Q-RT-PCR and an increase of KIR expression as shown by flow cytometry. These data show that c-myc play an important role in the differentiation of NK cells and in KIR acquisition. Experiments are currently in progress to look at the effects of the competing AML site on KIR expression and to investigate how non-coding RNA affects adult KIR expression. Understanding the mechanisms of KIR expression may lead to development of novel strategies to manipulate NK cells for therapeutic benefit.
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Nakimuli, Annettee, Olympe Chazara, Susan E. Hiby, Lydia Farrell, Stephen Tukwasibwe, Jyothi Jayaraman, James A. Traherne, et al. "A KIR B centromeric region present in Africans but not Europeans protects pregnant women from pre-eclampsia." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 3 (January 5, 2015): 845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413453112.

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In sub-Saharan Africans, maternal mortality is unacceptably high, with >400 deaths per 100,000 births compared with <10 deaths per 100,000 births in Europeans. One-third of the deaths are caused by pre-eclampsia, a syndrome arising from defective placentation. Controlling placentation are maternal natural killer (NK) cells that use killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) to recognize the fetal HLA-C molecules on invading trophoblast. We analyzed genetic polymorphisms of maternal KIR and fetal HLA-C in 484 normal and 254 pre-eclamptic pregnancies at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. The combination of maternal KIR AA genotypes and fetal HLA-C alleles encoding the C2 epitope associates with pre-eclampsia [P = 0.0318, odds ratio (OR) = 1.49]. The KIR genes associated with protection are located in centromeric KIR B regions that are unique to sub-Saharan African populations and contain the KIR2DS5 and KIR2DL1 genes (P = 0.0095, OR = 0.59). By contrast, telomeric KIR B genes protect Europeans against pre-eclampsia. Thus, different KIR B regions protect sub-Saharan Africans and Europeans from pre-eclampsia, whereas in both populations, the KIR AA genotype is a risk factor for the syndrome. These results emphasize the importance of undertaking genetic studies of pregnancy disorders in African populations with the potential to provide biological insights not available from studies restricted to European populations.
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Cichocki, Frank, Todd Lenvik, Stephen K. Anderson, and Jeffrey S. Miller. "Antisense transcripts negatively regulate transcription of multiple variegated killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes (136.38)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2009): 136.38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.136.38.

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Abstract The objective of this study is to understand the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor (KIR) gene regulation in human natural killer (NK) cells. We have previously identified both bidirectional transcription within the previously characterized KIR promoter and a novel promoter element upstream of the previously characterized promoter. Based on these findings, we propose that antisense transcripts homologous to the KIR promoter region participate in the establishment of the epigenetic modifications that silence individual KIR genes during human NK cell development. To test this prediction, we overexpressed KIR3DL1 antisense transcripts in developing NK cells and found that mature cells from these cultures exhibited a four-fold decrease in KIR expression relative to GFP-expressing controls. We have also identified 324 base pair and 28 base pair double-stranded RNA molecules homologous to the KIR3DL1 promoter region, suggesting that a siRNA mechanism may be responsible for establishment of the promoter methylation patterns within the KIR locus. Understanding the mechanisms of KIR expression, a requisite for NK cell education/licensing, may allow us to understand the acquisition of effector function and manipulate it for therapeutic benefit. R01 HL 55417
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Cichocki, Frank, Todd Lenvik, Stephen K. Anderson, and Jeffrey S. Miller. "Antisense Transcripts Negatively Regulate Transcription of Multiple Variegated Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor (KIR) Genes." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.105.105.

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Abstract Natural killer cells are CD3 negative large granular lymphocytes that lyse virally infected and malignantly transformed targets. NK cell functions are regulated by an array of inhibitory and activating receptors, including members of the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family. Human KIR genes are expressed in a variegated and clonally restricted manner on the surface of mature NK cells. While it is well established that individual KIR gene expression is strongly correlated with the DNA methylation status of CpG dinucleotides within the promoter region proximal to the transcriptional start site, the mechanisms that regulate variegated KIR expression are largely unknown. Our goal is to uncover the genetic mechanisms governing KIR transcriptional regulation. We have recently identified an active distal promoter element approximately 1 Kb upstream of the transcriptional start site. This region contains c-MYC binding sites, and KIR expression is increased when MYC is overexpressed in developing NK cells or when c-MYC is physiologically increased by IL-15 activation. Bi-directional promoter activity is found within the previously characterized proximal promoter of all KIR genes. Therefore, double-stranded RNA with homology to the KIR promoter can be generated within this non-coding region. The generation of double-stranded RNA has recently been shown to contribute to promoter DNA methylation of the p15 gene in mammalian cells through a Dicer-independent mechanism. Using quantitative real-time PCR, we found that purified peripheral blood CD56+/KIR3DL1− NK cells express 5-fold more KIR3DL1 antisense transcript than purified CD56+/KIR3DL1+ cells. Therefore, the transcriptional activation of the KIR3DL1 gene correlates with a significant decrease in KIR3DL1 antisense expression. To explore the possibility that KIR antisense transcripts can silence KIR expression, we over-expressed the KIR3DL1 antisense transcript in CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells and differentiated these cells into NK cells in vitro. After 21 days in culture, we assayed KIR3DL1 mRNA levels using quantitative real-time PCR. KIR3DL1 expression was reduced 4-fold compared to eGFP control cultures, further supporting the hypothesis that antisense transcripts negatively regulate KIR expression. Importantly, expression of the KIR2DL4 gene, which does not contain a promoter with significant homology to KIR3DL1 promoter, was not affected by KIR3DL1 antisense overexpression. This provides the first evidence for gene silencing through double-stranded RNA in the immune system and may be the key mechanism for the establishment of DNA promoter methylation within the KIR locus. Understanding the mechanisms of KIR expression, a requisite for NK cell education/licensing, may allow us to understand the acquisition of effector function and manipulate it for therapeutic benefit.
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Cichocki, Frank, Rebecca J. Hanson, Todd Lenvik, Michelle Pitt, Valarie McCullar, Hongchuan Li, Stephen K. Anderson, and Jeffrey S. Miller. "The transcription factor c-Myc enhances KIR gene transcription through direct binding to an upstream distal promoter element." Blood 113, no. 14 (April 2, 2009): 3245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-07-166389.

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Abstract The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) repertoire of natural killer (NK) cells determines their ability to detect infected or transformed target cells. Although epigenetic mechanisms play a role in KIR gene expression, work in the mouse suggests that other regulatory elements may be involved at specific stages of NK-cell development. Here we report the effects of the transcription factor c-Myc on KIR expression. c-Myc directly binds to, and promotes transcription from, a distal element identified upstream of most KIR genes. Binding of endogenous c-Myc to the distal promoter element is significantly enhanced upon interleukin-15 (IL-15) stimulation in peripheral blood NK cells and correlates with an increase in KIR transcription. In addition, the overexpression of c-Myc during NK-cell development promotes transcription from the distal promoter element and contributes to the overall transcription of multiple KIR genes. Our data demonstrate the significance of the 5′ promoter element upstream of the conventional KIR promoter region and support a model whereby IL-15 stimulates c-Myc binding at the distal KIR promoter during NK-cell development to promote KIR transcription. This finding provides a direct link between NK-cell activation signals and KIR expression required for acquisition of effector function during NK-cell education.
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Li, Hongchuan, Andrew R. Huehn, Postbaccalaureate Fellow, Paul W. Wright, Research Biologist, Sarah Cooley, Jeffrey S. Miller, and Stephen K. Anderson. "Characterization Of a Weakly Expressed KIR2DL1 Allele." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4847.4847.

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Abstract The variegated expression of the human KIR family of class I MHC receptors provides an interesting model system for the study of stochastic activation of gene transcription. Previous studies have linked distal KIR promoter transcription to the initiation of KIR expression from the proximal promoter. In order to identify novel genetic alterations associated with decreased KIR expression, a group of 182 donors was characterized for KIR gene content, KIR transcripts, and FACS analysis of KIR surface expression. An individual was discovered that possessed a single copy of the KIR2DL1 gene but had a low level of gene expression by either FACS or Q-PCR. Complete sequencing of the KIR2DL1 gene confirmed the presence of an intact coding region. Analysis of promoter elements revealed a cluster of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the distal promoter approximately 1 kb upstream from the start of KIR2DL1 translation. These SNPs are also found in the distal promoter region of the non-transcribed KIR2DL5*002 allele as well as the KIR3DP1 pseudogene. One of these SNPs creates a functional binding site for the ZEB1 transcription factor. Individuals possessing the ZEB1 site in their KIR2DL1 promoter produce high levels of a non-translatable distal KIR2DL1transcript that inhibits transcription from the proximal promoter, resulting in weak expression of this allele. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. Funded by NCI Contract HHSN261200800001E. Disclosures: Miller: Coronado Biosciences: Scientific Advisory Board Other.
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Ritari, Jarmo, Kati Hyvärinen, Jukka Partanen, and Satu Koskela. "KIR gene content imputation from single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the Finnish population." PeerJ 10 (January 7, 2022): e12692. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12692.

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The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene cluster on chromosome 19 encodes cell surface glycoproteins that bind class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules as well as some other ligands. Through regulation of natural killer (NK) cell activity KIRs participate in tumour surveillance and clearing viral infections. KIR gene gene copy number variation associates with the outcome of transplantations and susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. Inferring KIR gene content from genetic variant data is therefore desirable for immunogenetic analysis, particularly in the context of growing biobank genome data collections that rely on genotyping by microarray. Here we describe a stand-alone and freely available gene content imputation for 12 KIR genes. The models were trained using 807 Finnish biobank samples genotyped for 5900 KIR-region SNPs and analysed for KIR gene content with targeted sequencing. Cross-validation results demonstrate a high mean overall accuracy of 98.5% (95% CI [97.0–99.2]%) which compares favourably with previous methods including short-read sequencing based approaches.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "KIR region"

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Franková, Pavlína. "Marketingová strategie divize KFR společnosti Kelly Services." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15942.

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The first chapter informs about the company, its divisions and product portfolio. The following chapter is devoted to the region EMEA and the staffing industry, including competition analysis in the region. The last chapter is offering marketing strategy for the division Kelly Financial Resource in the Czech Republic. It provides with SWOT analysis, competition analysis, positioning and segmentation, strategy goals, communication media and budget.
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Kim, Wonju [Verfasser]. "Ionized and Photodissociation Regions toward a New Sample of Massive Star-forming Clumps / Wonju Kim." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170777988/34.

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Blöchlinger, Lea. "Power Prices - A Regime-Switching Spot/Forward Price Model with Kim Filter Estimation." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/3442.

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Allmand, John Anderson. "Kit-of-parts architecture : an exploration into the standardization and simplification of an urban residential building unit." FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1070.

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This thesis focuses on the design of a construction method that utilizes a single adaptable kit-of-parts system. The new system is designed to be flexible while also enhancing construction speeds without severely limiting the building's ability to merge into an urban fabric. This thesis proposes a residential structure to be built from a handful of simple structural units. This is accomplished through the design of a residential building situated in an area of Miami currently under reconstruction.
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Kim, Wonjoo Verfasser], Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] [Roth, and Regina [Akademischer Betreuer] Dittmann. "Investigation of switching mechanism in Ta2O5-based ReRAM devices / Wonjoo Kim ; Georg Roth, Regina Dittmann." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1162063815/34.

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Kim, Wonjoo [Verfasser], Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth, and Regina [Akademischer Betreuer] Dittmann. "Investigation of switching mechanism in Ta2O5-based ReRAM devices / Wonjoo Kim ; Georg Roth, Regina Dittmann." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2018070207003034203484.

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Song, Baekseok. "State form and state strategy : the case of the Kim Dae Jung Regime in South Korea (1998-2003)." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/728.

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This study explores the Kim Dae Jung regime's(1998-2003) implementation of the restructuring policy of the chaebol (i.e., the mega industrial conglomerates in Korea) in order to demonstrate that the capitalist state is located within a complex dialectic of structures(forms) and strategies. In addition this thesis critically reviews some contentious issues in the field of capitalist state theory. Applying major state theories to the case of the Korean state, this study defines the form of the Kim Dae Jung state as an ensemble of its 'exacerbated dependency' at the international level; 'increased labour power' at the level of social formation; and 'fragile state unity' at the level of the political regime. The form of the Kim Dae Jung state is emphasized as a binding structure which regulated the development of the government's chaebol reform policy. At the same time, in order to overcome the fallacy of the form determination thesis, the capitalist state( the Kim Dae Jung state)is stressed as a social relation that can be analysed as 'the site,the generator and the product of strategies'. Within the analytical framework of the dialectical complex of 'structure and strategy', this study investigates the successful and/or detrimental structural conditions of the chaebol reform policy and the strategies of the state and social classes to capitalise on and/or overcome those conditions. Apart from dealing with the Korean case, this research is concerned with the review of state theory. With regard to the state's relation with the economy in capitalism, the mainstream intellectual tendency is challenged: the tendency to accept a dichotomous relation between the state and the economy and confirm the absence of state intervention in neo-liberalism. The class nature of the capitalist state is also an important issue in this study. Revisiting the 'Miliband-Poulantzas debate, this study demonstrates that the capitalist state is not 'a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie'. More importantly, this study reveals (for the first time) the hard-core of Poulantzas' theory (i. e., the reproduction mechanism of the economic system) and demonstrates that the lack of the understanding of this 'reproduction mechanism' has caused a serious degree of misunderstanding of Poulantzas among state theorists (including Bob Jessop, Stuart Hall and Ralph Miliband). Finally, this study suggests that it is constructive to investigate contemporary issues, i.e., globalisation, Euro-capitalism and American imperialism in the context of the reproduction mechanism of the whole world capitalist system.
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Naganoma, Paz Alejandra Naomi. "Amigo guardaparque : una propuesta de identidad, modelo de sesión de aprendizaje y componentes de un kit de materiales de educación ambiental para el bosque de protección del Alto Mayo - San Martín, aplicando design thinking." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13643.

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Aproximadamente el 60% del territorio peruano está cubierto de bosques, sin embargo, la mayor cantidad de gases de efecto invernadero producida (35%), proviene la liberación del carbono generado por la tala y quema de estos. El Bosque de Protección Alto Mayo (BPAM), Área Natural Protegida por el Estado (ANP) donde se lleva a cabo esta investigación, no es ajeno a esta realidad; la deforestación es realizada principalmente para instalar cultivos de café por agricultores migrantes, quienes llegan en busca de tierras fértiles y nuevos medios de vida; además de taladores y traficantes de tierras quienes son los causantes de los conflictos sociales dentro del área protegida. La importancia del BPAM como ANP radica en que es la fuente principal de servicios ecosistémicos para la población del Alto Mayo (brinda agua a más de 250 mil personas), sin embargo, la población asentada dentro del área y en su zona de amortiguamiento no tiene conocimiento de lo importante que es conservar el bosque para su propio beneficio a largo plazo, y realiza prácticas agrícolas y ganaderas que afectan el bosque. Ante esta amenaza, el Servicio de Áreas Naturales Protegidas del Perú (SERNANP), a través de su Plan Maestro, estableció como uno de sus componentes para alcanzar sus objetivos de conservación, la educación ambiental; sin embargo, la Jefatura del BPAM no cuenta con un área de educación ambiental ni una estrategia a largo plazo; esta labor ha caído en los guardaparques quienes, además de su función principal de Control y Vigilancia del área, cumplen con la función de educadores ambientales en los colegios de primaria dentro del bosque. A pesar de tener esta responsabilidad, los guardaparques no cuentan con los materiales educativos adecuados para desarrollar esta función; los materiales disponibles son escasos, están desactualizados o no están hechos para las necesidades de los usuarios y esto dificulta tanto la labor educativa de los guardaparques, como el aprendizaje en los niños. Frente a esta realidad tan compleja, la presente investigación aplica el design thinking como herramienta que ayude a comprender el problema de diseño para llegar a soluciones de manera participativa con las personas que son parte de este. El proyecto “AMIGO GUARDAPARQUE” propone la creación de una nueva identidad para el trabajo de educación ambiental que realizan los guardaparques, un modelo de sesión lúdico didáctica, y una propuesta de elementos de un kit de educación ambiental.
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Nguyen, Kim Thoa [Verfasser], and Rita [Akademischer Betreuer] Bernhardt. "Site-directed mutagenesis of the steroid-15beta-hydroxylase (CYP106A2) from Bacillus megaterium ATCC 13368 to alter the regio-selectivity of progesterone hydroxylation / Kim Thoa Nguyen. Betreuer: Rita Bernhardt." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1052338437/34.

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Халавка, Т. Б. "Державне регулювання процесів міжетнічної інтеграції у прикордонних регіонах: теоретичний аспект." Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2016. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39.

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У дисертаційній роботі, спираючись на наукові розробки вітчизняних та закордонних вчених, у межах предметного поля науки "державне управління", вирішено актуальне наукове завдання щодо обгрунтування концептуальних положень у сфері державного регулювання етнонаціональних відносин у прикордонних регіонах з метою забезпечення інтеграції національних меншин в українське суспільство. Проаналізовано діяльність регіональних органів державної виконавчої влади (зокрема, Чернівецької області) щодо реалізації інтеграційної моделі державного регулювання етнонаціональних відносин, які проживають на її території та вплив на ці процеси органів влади "споріднених держав". Проведено науково-теоретичне обгрунтування пріоритетних напрямів формування державної етнонаціональної політики у контексті забезпечення міжетнічної інтеграції у прикордонних регіонах. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані в практичній діяльності органів державної виконавчої влади і місцевого самоврядування та покладені в основу подальших наукових досліджень у сфері державного регулювання етнонаціональних відносин.
The complex mechanism of state regulation of ethnic relations in Ukraine within the subject field of the science "Public Administration" has been investigated in the dissertation. The system approach based on the scientific research of domestic and foreign scientists was carried out. National priorities and regional peculiarities of national ethnic policy of Ukraine were identified. The current terminological apparatus in the sphere of ethno-national policy of Ukraine has been systematized in the thesis. Definition interpretations of the terms "international integration", "national minority", "state ethno-national policy" were made. The term "kin-state" instead of commonly used "historical motherland" as well as the term "kin-minority" as the characteristic of a minority that shares common origin with the ethnic majority of the kin state were proposed . The acculturation theory of J. Berry, a Canadian sociologist, served as a basis for the analysis of minorities integration or disintegration processes. The dominant type of acculturation is defined by three parameters. The first one is the normative-legal basis (legislative regulation) which is established in the state, where a minority lives. It regulates their rights, establishes general freedoms for citizens as well as special preferences. The second parameter is the practice of involving minorities’ participation in a social and political life of the country with linguistic policy as an important component. The third one is the influence of a "kin-state” which can be manifested in different forms. European experience of the state regulation of ethno-political processes was analysed. It was stated that German-Danish experience and Romanian experience of cooperation with national-cultural societies could serve as positive examples of an integration model. It could be the most suitable one for being adapted to Ukrainian border regions. The analysis of the activities of regional state executive bodies of Chemivtsi oblast was performed. It concerned the implementation of an integration model of state regulation of ethno-national relations. The program-target approach was applied to formulating proposals in the sphere of state regulation of interethnic integration. Problems were structured and grouped into subproblems, their connection was defined. A specific means for eliminating the problems was offered. The sequence of program events and distribution of resources between them was formed. The mechanism for managing and supervising of the implementation of the program was worked out. The model of implementing interethnic integration in border regions was consructed. The model presupposes accomplishing the tasks in the following spheres: normative and legal regulation, ensuring participation of a minority in a social life, establishing cooperation with a "kin" state, institutional support of the course of actions on interethnic integration. Introduction of the mentioned tasks will facilitate the implementation of an integration model of state ethnic policy. A number of negative factors connected with stereotypes and segregation mood should be eliminated. In a long-term period, implementation of these actions will be one of the factors for decreasing emigration torrents from border regions. As a result of these actions, international concord will be achieved and minorities will be included in a political nation. Implementation of the model at a regional level may take place by means of adopting Regional program for interethnic integration of national minorities. The results of the investigation can be applied in the practice of state agencies and local governments and they can be used as the basis for further research in public administration of ethno-national relations.
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Books on the topic "KIR region"

1

Thompson, Vicki Lewis. The Colorado Kid. Toronto, Ontario: Harlequin, 2010.

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Karmapa: The politics of reincarnation. Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications, 2001.

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A golden swan in turbulent waters: The life and times of the Tenth Karmapa Choying Dorje. Lexington: Bird of Paradise Press, 2012.

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Taehan Min'guk ŭi mirae rŭl yŏnŭn kil. Kyŏnggi-do Suwŏn-si: Kyŏnggi Kaebal Yŏn'guwŏn, 2009.

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21-segi chiyŏk sahoe ŭi kal kil: Ch'ŏngju-si ŭi kyŏngu. Kyŏnggi-do P'aju-si: Hanul Ak'ademi, 2013.

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Amami Guntō no kin-gendaishi: Meiji ikō no Amami seisaku. Ōsaka: Kaifūsha, 1993.

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Kim, Ki-bae. Minŭi yŏun: Kim Ki-bae Ŭiwŏn ŭi ŭijŏng ichʻŏn-obaegil. Sŏul Tʻŭkpyŏlsi: Ihwa Munhwasa, 1991.

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Walters, Holly. Shaligram Pilgrimage in the Nepal Himalayas. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721721.

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For roughly two thousand years, the veneration of sacred fossil ammonites, called Shaligrams, has been an important part of Hindu and Buddhist ritual practice throughout South Asia and among the global Diaspora. Originating from a single remote region of Himalayan Nepal, called Mustang, Shaligrams are all at once fossils, divine beings, and intimate kin with families and worshippers. Through their lives, movements, and materiality, Shaligrams then reveal fascinating new dimensions of religious practice, pilgrimage, and politics. But as social, environmental, and national conflicts in the politically-contentious region of Mustang continue to escalate, the geologic, mythic, and religious movements of Shaligrams have come to act as parallels to the mobility of people through both space and time. Shaligram mobility therefore traverses through multiple social worlds, multiple religions, and multiple nations revealing Shaligram practitioners as a distinct, alternative, community struggling for a place in a world on the edge.
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Tosi kyehoekka Kim Yong-hak ŭi Kyŏng-Pu Taeunha rŭl kada. Sŏul Tʻŭkpyŏlsi: Posŏnggak, 2008.

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Hŭrŭji annŭn kang: Chŭngŏn, 4-tae kang kaebal saŏp : Kim San sajinjip. Sŏul-si: Nunpit, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "KIR region"

1

Bussmann, Rainer W., Ketevan Batsatsashvili, and Zaal Kikvidze. "Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski Dactylorhiza sp. Orchidaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77087-1_45-1.

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Bussmann, Rainer W., Ketevan Batsatsashvili, and Zaal Kikvidze. "Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski Dactylorhiza sp. Orchidaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai, 247–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28947-8_45.

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Bussmann, Rainer W., Ketevan Batsatsashvili, and Zaal Kikvidze. "Dipsacus dipsacoides (Kar. & Kir.) Botsch. Dipsacus fullonum L. Dipsacus laciniatus L. Caprifoliaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77087-1_51-1.

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Bussmann, Rainer W., Ketevan Batsatsashvili, and Zaal Kikvidze. "Dipsacus dipsacoides (Kar. & Kir.) Botsch. Dipsacus fullonum L. Dipsacus laciniatus L. Caprifoliaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai, 281–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28947-8_51.

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Liu, Bo, Rainer W. Bussmann, Ketevan Batsatsashvili, and Zaal Kikvidze. "Euphorbia esula L. Euphorbia fischeriana Stendel Euphorbia rapulum Kar. & Kir. Euphorbia sp. Euphorbiaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77087-1_59-1.

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Liu, Bo, Rainer W. Bussmann, Ketevan Batsatsashvili, and Zaal Kikvidze. "Euphorbia esula L. Euphorbia fischeriana Stendel Euphorbia rapulum Kar. & Kir. Euphorbia sp. Euphorbiaceae." In Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai, 317–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28947-8_59.

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Wilson, Alan. "Methods: The Model-Building Tool Kit." In The Science of Cities and Regions, 43–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2266-8_5.

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Badran, Arwa, Anna Paolini, and Nofa Nasser. "‘I am Jarash’: An Educational Kit for Schoolchildren in Jordan." In Community Heritage in the Arab Region, 281–304. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07446-2_13.

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Pereira, Dina, and João Leitão. "Coopetition and Open Innovation: An Application to KIS vs. Less-KIS Firms." In Entrepreneurship, Human Capital, and Regional Development, 169–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12871-9_9.

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Levitan, M. A., and Yu A. Lavrushin. "The Seas of West Subarctic Region." In Sedimentation History in the Arctic Ocean and Subarctic Seas for the Last 130 kyr, 61–112. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00288-5_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "KIR region"

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Lu, F., H. Y. Qian, P. Huang, and R. S. Wang. "Comparison of Pressure-Temperature Limit Curves Calculation." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57449.

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Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) is one of the most important components in a nuclear power plant (NPP). The primary concern of aging mechanism for RPV is irradiation embrittlement. In order to prevent brittle fracture, during NPP heatup and cooldown processes, the pressure and temperature in RPV should be kept under the pressure-temperature (P-T) limit curve. The P-T limit curve method originated from a WRC bulletin in 1972 and was included in ASME Sec. XI App. G.. Since then, much effort for reducing the conservatism of the P-T limit curve calculation has been made in many countries. Technology developed over the last 30 years has provided a strong basis for revising the P-T limit curve methodology. Up to now, changes have been made in the latest version of the ASME and RCCM codes. In this paper, the P-T limit curve methodologies given by the ASME code, the RCCM code, and Chinese Nuclear Industry Standard EJ/T 918 are studied. The differences of the P-T curve methodologies in previous and current versions for the ASME and RCCM codes are discussed. Two P-T curve calculation methods based on the RCCM code Ver. 2007 are proposed, due to lack of specific description for the calculation method in the RCCM code. Comparison of the P-T curves obtained using methods from different codes is also performed. It shows that using static fracture toughness KIC instead of reference fracture toughness KIR to calculate P-T curves can increase acceptable operating region during NPP heatup and cooldown processes significantly. Comparing with the latest versions of the ASME and RCCM codes, the current Chinese Standard is more conservative.
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Cipolla, Russell C., and Keith R. Wichman. "Technical Basis for Revised Flaw Acceptance Criteria Under IWB-3610 of ASME Section XI." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71718.

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This paper describes the change from the KIa to KIc in performing flaw evaluation for Class 1 ferritic steel components according to IWB-3610 and Appendix A of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section XI. The primary reason for making this change is to reduce the excess conservatism in the current flaw evaluation acceptance criteria. The Appendix A calculation methods can be used in accepting flaws detected as part of the plant inservice inspection program. The KIa and KIc reference curves represent two lower bound fracture toughness curves available in ASME Section XI. The KIa reference curve is a lower bound on all static, dynamic and arrest fracture toughness, whereas the KIc reference curve is a lower bound on static fracture toughness only. A similar change has already been implemented in the calculation of the heatup and cooldown pressure-temperature (P-T) limit curves, which are also based on fracture mechanics analysis. The P-T limits are developed according to Appendix G of Section XI, which employ similar methods to those of Appendix A. A key input parameter to the P-T calculations is the lower bound fracture toughness curve, KIc (prior to change in Appendix G, the lower bound curve KIR was used, which was equivalent to KIa). Based on the work described in this technical basis paper, Section XI recently approved the change from KIa to KIc in IWB-3610. In addition, changes to the use of KIc for fracture initiation, changes were also made to IWB-3613, which provides acceptance criteria for flanges and other shell regions near structural discontinuities. These changes clarified the scope of the article as to what discontinuities are covered and a redefinition for the minimum temperature from RTNDT + 60°F (RTNDT + 33°C) to just RTNDT. These changes are also discussed in this paper. The changes will appear in the 2005 addenda to the 2004 Code Edition for Section XI.
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Focht, Eric M. "Evaluation of the Minimum Temperature Requirements for the RPV Closure Head Flange Region in 10 CFR 50 Appendix G." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57208.

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Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 50 Appendix G (10CFR50 App. G) prescribes the pressure-temperature (P-T) limits for light water power reactors by incorporating American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section XI, Appendix G (ASME App. G) by reference. The P-T limits in ASME App. G are based on the fracture toughness of the vessel limiting material accounting for irradiation effects. The fracture toughness of the limiting material is determined based on the plane strain fracture toughness, KIc, indexed to the material reference temperature, RT NDT. Prior to the 2000 Addenda of ASME App. G, fracture toughness was based on the arrest fracture toughness, KIa, but the approval of Code Case N-640 [1] in 1998 changed the fracture toughness basis to KIc. In addition to the P-T limits determined by ASME App. G, 10CFR50 App. G sets additional minimum temperature requirements that limit the operating pressure based on other factors such as the minimum unirradiated reference temperature, RTNDT(u), of the material in the closure head flange region. This paper presents an analysis of the closure head flange region minimum temperature requirements based on both KIa and KIc. Recommendations for potential alternative minimum temperature requirements are made for normal operation and hydrostatic test conditions.
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Gazovova, Stanislava, and Frantisek Nebus. "Near-field region electromagnetic sources localization model verification." In 2017 Communication and Information Technologies (KIT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/kit.2017.8109446.

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5

Islam, Snigdha, Rabib Ibne Hossain, Sams Shafiul Amin, A. K. M. Ferdous, and A. K. M. Abdul Malek Azad. "Implementation of Torque Sensor Technology in Electric Bicycle with Solar Charging Kit." In 2020 IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tensymp50017.2020.9230825.

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Nakano, Hiroki, and Toshiyuki Meshii. "Application of T-Scaling Method to Account for the Effects of Notch Acuity on Notch Fracture Toughness in the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature Region." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84165.

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Current defect assessment procedures based on fracture mechanics usually assume flaws to be infinitely sharp. While this assumption may be appropriate for fatigue cracks, for non-sharp flaws such as porosity, mechanical damage, or weld undercut, it can be an over-conservative assumption that can lead to pessimistic assessments of structural integrity and a significant underestimation of the true safety margin against fracture. Irwin studied notched and pre-cracked fracture toughness in the lower shelf region and suggested that notched KIc, which is linear-elastic plane-strain fracture toughness is proportional to the square root of notch radius ρ but is not continuous with pre-cracked KIc (i.e., when zero is substituted by ρ in the fitted KIc and ρ relationship, the obtained value differs from that of the pre-cracked specimen KIc). In contrast, Begley et al. conducted a similar study in the upper shelf region and suggested that JIc ∝ ρ In addition, they showed that notched JIc is continuous with pre-cracked JIc. Very few studies have been conducted on this topic in the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) region. In this study, the effects of notch acuity on notch fracture toughness in the lower shelf and DBTT regions were studied for 0.55% C steel JIS S55C with 0.5TSE(B) specimens. The notch sizes ρ were selected as 50, 150, and 375 μm. Fatigue pre-cracked specimens were also studied. The experimental results showed that notched KIc ∝ ρ1/2 but is not continuous with the pre-cracked KIc at a lower shelf temperature of −166 °C. The DBTT notch fracture toughness KJc ∝ ρ1/2 and is continuous with the pre-cracked KJc. By conducting elastic-plastic finite element analysis (EP-FEA), the mid-plane crack-opening stress distribution on the x1-axis, was shown that the scaled stress distribution at fracture load was identical for pre-cracked and notched specimens. Thus, notched and pre-cracked KJc has a reason to be continuous. The reason for notch size effect on Jc was explained as the difference in load for notched specimens to reach the stress level of the pre-cracked specimen.
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Hamamci, Serdar Ethem, and Serhat Obuz. "Transient Response Control by Fractional-Order PI Controllers." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47444.

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Consideration of the transient response is one of the key topics in control system design for time delay systems. In this paper, an efficient method to control the transient response of the first order plus time delay stable (FOPTD) systems using the fractional-order PI (PIλ) controllers is presented. The main characterization of the method is first to construct the global stability region in the (kp, ki)-plane for any fixed value of λ and then to obtain ts and Mp curves corresponding to special settling time and maximum overshoot values in this region. Finally, by intersection of these curves, the Dλ-stability region in the (kp, ki)-plane is found. Changing the value of λ in the range of (0, 2), a set of Dλ-stability regions is obtained. These regions involve the controller parameters providing the closed loop settling time and maximum overshoot specifications together in the acceptable values. Therefore, the designer can easily decide to the selection of suitable values of kp, ki and λ. The simulation results indicate that the presented transient response control method is effective and practically useful in the analysis and control of the stable FOPTD systems by means of fractional-order PI controllers.
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Colarič–Jakše, Lea–Marija, Julija Lazar, and Kristina Kovač. "Vpliv epidemije na konzumacijo vin in vinski turizem Slovenije kot Evropske gastronomske regije 2021." In XV. International Conference on Logistics in Agriculture 2021. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-538-2.7.

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Vino je končni produkt fermentacije grozdnega soka, ki ga človeštvo prideluje že od Antike. V naše kraje je vinska trta našla pot preko Rimljanov, z njimi pa se je širila po celotnem Sredozemlju. Vinogradništvo in vinarstvo sta v Sloveniji nadvse pomembni panogi, o tem priča tudi dejstvo, da Slovenci gojimo kar 48 sort vinske trte. Kar se tiče vina v povezavi s turizmom, se lahko navežemo na pojem vinski turizem. Obiskovanje kleti, prireditev in degustacij je način, kako kulturo vina predstaviti turistu. Razvoj vinskega turizma zahteva celostni pristop in pa nujno medsektorsko povezovanje ter sodelovanje. Vinski turizem je tesno povezan tudi z drugimi oblikami turizma, predvsem gastronomskega. V Sloveniji je razvoj vinskega turizma šele na začetku, vendar pa imamo zelo dobre predispozicije za njegov razcvet. Vino je v deželah z visoko razvito kulinariko nadvse cenjeno in predvsem nepogrešljivo ob kulinariki. Glede na vrsto delimo vina na bela in rdeča, po sladkorni stopnji pa poznamo štiri stopnje – suho, polsuho, polsladko in sladko vino. Slovensko vinogradništvo je zelo razširjeno v Podravju, Primorju in Posavju. Pridelovalci fermentirajo grozdni sok, nato pa ga pustijo zoreti v sodih ali cisternah.
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9

Bouraoui, Zied, Sébastien Konieczny, Thanh Ma, Nicolas Schwind, and Ivan Varzinczak. "Region-Based Merging of Open-Domain Terminological Knowledge." In 19th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2022}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2022/9.

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This paper introduces a novel method for merging open-domain terminological knowledge. It takes advantage of the Region Connection Calculus (RCC5), a formalism used to represent regions in a topological space and to reason about their set-theoretic relationships. To this end, we first propose a faithful translation of terminological knowledge provided by several and potentially conflicting sources into region spaces. The merging is then performed on these spaces, and the result is translated back into the underlying language of the input sources. Our approach allows us to benefit from the expressivity and the flexibility of RCC5 while dealing with conflicting knowledge in a principled way.
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Shek, Gordon K., and Don R. Metzger. "Effect of Hydrogen Concentration on the Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for Delayed Hydride Cracking in Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57624.

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The Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes of CANDU reactors are susceptible to a crack initiation and growth mechanism known as Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC), which is a repetitive process that involves hydrogen diffusion, hydride precipitation, hydrided region formation and fracture at a flaw or crack tip. The threshold stress intensity for DHC initiation from a crack, KIH, is an important material parameter for assessing DHC initiation from flaws in pressure tubes. KIH is used to determine whether DHC initiation may occur from flaws which are postulated as crack-like. It is also an input parameter in the engineering process-zone methodology to assess DHC initiation from blunt flaws. Tests were performed to determine the effect of hydrogen concentration in solution on KIH in unirradiated Zr-2.5 Nb material, subjected to different thermo-mechanical treatments to obtain different yield strength or hardness. Hydrogen concentration in solution represents the diffusible hydrogen available for the DHC process, and is different than the total hydrogen concentration which includes the immobile hydrogen in the zirconium hydride phase. For all material conditions, the KIH values at 250°C are significantly higher when the hydrogen concentration in solution is low. Post test metallographic examination indicates that the crack-tip hydride is large and has a taper shape when the hydrogen concentration in solution is high. This suggests that KIH is reached due to insufficient stress to crack the hydrides. When the hydrogen concentration in solution is low, the crack-tip hydride is small and KIH is reached due to limited hydride growth. Finite element diffusion analysis was performed to determine the crack tip hydride accumulation as a function of KI and hydrogen in solution. For high hydrogen concentration in solution, the model predicts a taper hydride shape and hydride lengths which are consistent with the trend observed in the experiments. Another set of KIH tests was performed at 200°C on unirradiated pressure tube material hydrided to 60 and 100 ppm hydrogen. The test results indicated that KIH is controlled by the hydrogen in solution and is not affected by the amount of hydrogen in bulk hydrides.
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Reports on the topic "KIR region"

1

Papenkordt, Jörg, Stefan Gabriel, Kirsten Thommes, and Roman Dumitrescu. Künstliche Intelligenz in der industriellen Arbeitswelt - Studie zum Status Quo in der Region OstWestfalenLippe. Kompetenzzentrum Arbeitswelt.Plus, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55594/tmao3234.

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Im Rahmen dieser Studie wird der Status Quo des KI-Einsatzes in der industriellen Arbeitswelt in der Region OstWestfalenLippe erfasst und beschrieben. Dadurch wird eine Grundlage geschaffen, um eine zielführende Unterstützung der Gestaltung von durch Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) gestützter Arbeitsprozesse in Unternehmen zu ermöglichen, indem beispielsweise bedarfsbezogene Maßnahmen entwickelt und durchgeführt sowie weiterer Forschungsbedarf aufgezeigt wird. Die Befragung wurde im Jahr 2021 von dem Kompetenzzentrum Arbeitswelt.Plus sowie dem Spitzencluster it’s OWL initiiert. Dabei sind drei Zielgruppen – Unternehmensleitung, Personalabteilung (HR) sowie Arbeitnehmer*innen – adressiert worden. Insgesamt nahmen 317 Personen aus 89 verschiedenen Unternehmen bzw. Organisationen an der Befragung teil – zu 38 % Unternehmer*innen, zu 13 % Personaler*innen und zu 49 % Arbeitnehmer*innen. Die meisten der Teilnehmenden stammten aus der Elektroindustrie, dem Maschinenbau sowie dem Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie (IKT)-Sektor. Die Befragungsergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die meisten Unternehmen in der Anfangsphase der KI-Nutzung befinden. Zwischen einzelnen Unternehmensbereichen und verschiedenen Branchen zeigen sich gewisse Unterschiede in der Nutzungsphase. Die Befragten stehen aktuell vor der Nutzung von vor allem teilautonomen KI-Systemen, die ausführende und analytische menschliche Tätigkeitenbeispielsweise durch Informationsbereitstellungen unterstützen. Wesentliche Ziele der KI-Nutzung sind die Effizienzsteigerung, Qualitätsverbesserung, Entscheidungsoptimierung sowie Unterstützung der Arbeitnehmer*innen. Allerdings werden in allen Unternehmen die fehlende Expertise sowie insgesamt die Komplexität des Themenfelds als Hinderungsgründe identifiziert. In allen Unternehmen und allen Unternehmensbereichen werden hohe Auswirkungen durch KI erwartet. Auf die Arbeitsgestaltung werden insgesamt eher positive Auswirkungen erwartet. Die Befragten schätzen die Bedeutung von KI, ihre Aufgeschlossenheit sowie ihr Vertrauen gegenüber KI als insgesamt hoch ein, ihr Verständnis von KI dagegen eher als gering. Tendenziell zeigt sich eine große Diskrepanz zwischen Selbst- und Fremdbild mit einer teils deutlich negativeren Wahrnehmung anderer. Die Befragten erwarten außerdem steigende Kompetenzanforderungen sowie einen hohen Weiterbildungsbedarf, insbesondere bezüglich des grundlegenden Verständnisses über KI. In den wenigsten Unternehmen existiert jedoch ein gezieltes Weiterbildungsangebot. Die Erkenntnisse aus der Befragung fließen im Rahmen des Kompetenzzentrums Arbeitswelt.Plus in die gezielte Gestaltung und Einführung KI-gestützter Arbeitsformen sowie bedarfsgerechter Unterstützungsangebote ein. Die hohe Komplexität der KI-Einführung sowie die sowohl technischen als auch mitarbeiterbezogenen Herausforderungen verdeutlichen den Bedarf für eine soziotechnische Perspektive und ein systematisches Vorgehen bei der Gestaltung dieses vielschichtigen Themenfelds.
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Redey, L., and R. A. Guidotti. Re-evaluation of the eutectic region of the LiBr-KBr-LiF system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/238472.

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Smith, I. R., S. J. A. Day, R C Paulen, and D. G. Pearson. Chemical studies of kimberlite indicator minerals from stream sediment and till samples in the southern Mackenzie region (NTS 85B, C, F, G), Northwest Territories, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329080.

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Till (n=196) and stream sediment (n=60) samples were collected in the area south and west of Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories (NTS 85B, C, F, and G), over the course of 3 summer field seasons. Samples were processed to recover kimberlite and other indicator minerals. This report summarizes results of the kimberlite indicator mineral (KIM) studies, including measures of KIM mineral types, abundances, and chemistry (major, trace, and rare earth elements). KIMs were present in 24% of the samples collected, and only 183 KIM grains in total were recovered, of which Cr-pyrope garnets were the most abundant (65.6%). Chemical analyses revealed strong similarities to the Drybones Bay and Mud Lake kimberlites which are situated 50 to &amp;gt;100 km to the northeast, roughly aligned with prominent glacially streamlined landform flowsets in this field area. Results suggest there is little evidence for undetected kimberlite outcrop or sub-crop in the study area.
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Gause, Ken E. North Korea's Provocation and Escalation Calculus: Dealing with the Kim Jong-un Regime. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada621100.

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Pettai, Vello. ECMI Minorities Blog. Minorities and the War in Ukraine: Navigating the ‘Perfect Storm’? European Centre for Minority Issues, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/lbxc3365.

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Where do European minority issues stand following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine? What are the dimensions of this crisis that pose a particular challenge to the European minority rights regime? Does the renewed sense of purpose among liberal democracies augur a revitalization of minority issues or continued business as usual? The ECMI’s Director Vello Pettai looks at the stakes involved with the war in Ukraine. Already before the crisis, minority issues were operating in an increasingly crowded landscape of societal concerns: populism, climate change, the COVID-19 pandemic. Russia’s aggression has brought together a further cocktail involving autocratization, kin-state activism and geopolitical disorder. Key institutions governing and promoting the European minority rights regime will need to be regrouped before a new impulse for minority issues can be found.
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Kuiper, James, Veerabhadra R. Kotamarthi, Andrew Orr, and Jiali Wang. Geospatial Analysis Tool Kit for Regional Climate Datasets (GATOR) An Open-source Tool to Compute Climate Statistic GIS Layers from Argonne Climate Modeling Results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1455010.

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Kelly, Luke. Definitions, Characteristics and Monitoring of Conflict Economies. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.024.

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The idea of conflict economies is a broad concept encompassing several research angles. Definitions differ according to these focuses. Some of the main uses of the concept are to understand: • economic analysis of the motives for and likelihood of war • financing of state and non-state belligerents • how the continuation of conflicts can be explained by rational motives including economic ones • how conflict affects economic activity, and how conflict parties and citizens adapt Some distinctive characteristics of war economies are (Ballentine & Nitzschke, 2005, p. 12): • They involve the destruction or circumvention of the formal economy and the growth of informal and black markets, • Pillage, predation, extortion, and deliberate violence against civilians is used by combatants to acquire control over lucrative assets, capture trade networks and diaspora remittances, and exploit labour; • War economies are highly decentralised and privatised, both in the means of coercion and in the means of production and exchange; • Combatants increasingly rely on the licit or illicit exploitation of / trade in lucrative natural resources • They thrive on cross-border trading networks, regional kin and ethnic groups, arms traffickers, and mercenaries, as well as legally operating commercial entities, each of which may have a vested interest in the continuation of conflict and instability. The first section of this rapid review outlines the evolution of the term and key definitions. Most of this discussion occurs in the academic literature around the early 2000s. The second looks at key characteristics of conflict economies identified in the literature, with examples where possible from both academic and grey literature. The third section briefly identifies methodologies used to measure and monitor conflict economies, as well as some current research and programmes on conflict economies, from academic literature as well as NGOs and other sources. The findings have been derived via a literature search and advice from experts in the field. Given time constraints, the report is not comprehensive. The review is gender- and disability blind.
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Fintech Policy Tool Kit For Regulators and Policy Makers in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim220043-2.

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This tool kit provides insights on how new fintech solutions, aided by strong policy and regulation, can support more inclusive growth and help economies recover from the pandemic. The rapid growth of fintech services in Asia and the Pacific can help countries leapfrog the challenges of traditional financial services infrastructure and dramatically increase access to financial services. An inclusive fintech ecosystem is important in supporting economic growth, greater equality, and lower poverty levels. This publication suggests how to provide an enabling policy and regulatory environment to promote responsible fintech innovation, while ensuring consumer protection and supporting inclusive economic development in the region.
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Kit de herramientas de IVA digital para Latinoamérica y el Caribe: aspectos destacados y principales recomendaciones. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004116.

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Este conjunto de herramientas tiene como objetivo ayudar a las autoridades tributarias de la región de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) a diseñar e implementar reformas de política para garantizar la recaudación efectiva del IVA en las actividades de comercio electrónico. El IVA es la mayor fuente de ingresos fiscales en promedio en la región de ALC. Los principales desafíos del IVA en el comercio electrónico se relacionan con el fuerte crecimiento de las ventas en línea de servicios y productos digitales a consumidores privados ("aplicaciones", reproducción de música y películas, juegos en línea, transporte compartido, etc.) y con el crecimiento exponencial de las ventas en línea de bienes importados de bajo valor, a menudo por vendedores extranjeros, sobre los cuales no se recauda efectivamente el IVA según las normas existentes. Este conjunto de herramientas proporciona una guía detallada para la implementación exitosa de una estrategia integral del IVA dirigida a todos los tipos de comercio electrónico. El conjunto está diseñado para ayudar a los gobiernos a obtener importantes ingresos por IVA y salvaguardar la equidad entre las tiendas físicas y los vendedores extranjeros en línea. El Toolkit ha sido producido por la OCDE en colaboración con el Grupo del Banco Mundial (GBM), el Centro Interamericano de Administraciones Tributarias (CIAT) y el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID).
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Kit de Herramientas de IVA Digital para Latinoamérica y el Caribe: Aspectos destacados y principales recomendaciones (Resumen). Inter-American Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004135.

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Este documento resume el Kit de Herramientas de IVA Digital para Latinoamérica y el Caribe, disponible en https://publications.iadb.org/es/kit-de-herramientas-de-iva-digital-para-latinoamerica-y-el-caribe. Este conjunto de herramientas tiene como objetivo ayudar a las autoridades tributarias de la región de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) a diseñar e implementar reformas de política para garantizar la recaudación efectiva del IVA en las actividades de comercio electrónico. El IVA es la mayor fuente de ingresos fiscales en promedio en la región de ALC. Los principales desafíos del IVA en el comercio electrónico se relacionan con el fuerte crecimiento de las ventas en línea de servicios y productos digitales a consumidores privados ("aplicaciones", reproducción de música y películas, juegos en línea, transporte compartido, etc.) y con el crecimiento exponencial de las ventas en línea de bienes importados de bajo valor, a menudo por vendedores extranjeros, sobre los cuales no se recauda efectivamente el IVA según las normas existentes. Este conjunto de herramientas proporciona una guía detallada para la implementación exitosa de una estrategia integral del IVA dirigida a todos los tipos de comercio electrónico. El conjunto está diseñado para ayudar a los gobiernos a obtener importantes ingresos por IVA y salvaguardar la equidad entre las tiendas físicas y los vendedores extranjeros en línea. El Toolkit ha sido producido por la OCDE en colaboración con el Grupo del Banco Mundial (GBM), el Centro Interamericano de Administraciones Tributarias (CIAT) y el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID).
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