Relevant bibliographies by topics / Kidneys – Wounds and injuries

Academic literature on the topic 'Kidneys – Wounds and injuries'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Kidneys – Wounds and injuries"

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Bradic, Nikola, Drazen Cuculic, and Ervin Jancic. "Terrorism in Croatia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 2 (June 2003): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000819.

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AbstractIntroduction:This report illustrates Croatia's experience with the terrorist attack in the city of Rijeka in October 1995. Also, the intention of this report is to outline how emergency services were functioning in this sudden-onset situation.Methods:The medical documentation of 27 wounded citizens in the attack was analyzed and the appearance of bodily wounds, severity of wounds, and the mechanisms of injury are described. From the forensic medical report, the wounds and damages sustained by the terrorist also were analyzed. All findings were compared with similar cases from around the world.Results:In the 27 wounded citizens, three (11%) had head injuries, and injuries of the abdomen in only two cases (7%) were found. The most common injuries sustained involved one or more extremities: 16 (59%) persons had wounds of an upper or lower extremity or a combination of multiple wounds. The main cause of death of the terrorist was explosive wounds to the chest and abdomen with destruction of multiple inner organs (primarily kidneys, liver, abdomen, and lung). Furthermore, the terrorist had a fracture of the skull base and multiple injuries to the brain.Conclusion:Comparing the findings with other data from the literature, the distribution in the percentages of wounded is almost the same as reported in many bomb attacks. In this case, the walls of the building protected many citizens, which is why so few were seriously injured. Forensic examination of the terrorist's body showed all of the characteristics of blast injuries.
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Yildirim, Çaglar, Özgür Haki Yüksel, Serkan Akan, Ahmet Ürkmez, and Ayhan Verit. "Lower pole renal cut injury due to the iliac wing fracture: A rare case report." Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia 87, no. 2 (July 7, 2015): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2015.2.179.

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The most frequent causes of blunt genitourinary injuries are falls from heights, motor vehicle accidents and sports injuries. Firearm injuries and penetrating stab wounds are also frequently encountered. Skeletal system traumas in the vicinity of the urogenital system can cause urological organ injuries. Though rarely, renal traumas can be dependent on the kinetic energy of the trauma and the retroperitoneal movement capacity of the kidneys and cannot be explained with the proximity of the kidney to the skeletal system. In cases with high-energy decelerations, renal pedicle and ureteropelvic junction traumas are more frequently observed. Herein, we presented a grade 3 left kidney lower pole injury developed secondary to A2 type pelvic fracture following a high energy deceleration trauma. It should not be forgotten that especially in this type of fractures, injuries of the lower renal pole can occur.
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Kong, VY, GV Oosthuizen, and DL Clarke. "The spectrum of injuries resulting from posterior abdominal stab wounds: a South African experience." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 97, no. 4 (May 2015): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588415x14181254789204.

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IntroductionThe spectrum of injury associated with anterior abdominal stab wounds (SWs) is well established. The literature on the spectrum of organ injury associated with SWs to the posterior abdomen, however, is limited.MethodsWe reviewed our experience of 105 consecutive patients who had established indications for laparotomy managed over a 4-year period in a high volume trauma service in South Africa.ResultsOf the 105 patients, 97 (92%) were male and the overall mean age was 24 years. Fifty-seven patients (54%) had immediate indications for laparotomy. The remaining 48 patients (46%) initially underwent active clinical observation and the indications for laparotomy became apparent during the observation period. Of the 105 laparotomies performed, 94 (90%) were positive and 11 (10%) were negative. Of the 94 positive laparotomies, 92 were therapeutic and 2 were non-therapeutic. A total of 176 organ injuries were identified: 50 (53%) of the 94 patients sustained a single organ injury while the remaining 44 (47%) sustained multiple organ injuries. The most commonly injured organs were the colon (n=63), spleen (n=21) and kidney (n=19).ConclusionsThe pattern of intra-abdominal injuries secondary to SWs to the posterior abdomen is different to that seen with the anterior abdomen. Colonic injury is most commonly encountered, followed by injuries to the spleen and kidney. Clinicians must remain vigilant because of the potential for occult injuries.
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Chauhan, D. C., P. S. Chari, G. K. Khuller, and Dalbir Singh. "Correlation of renal complications with extent and progression of tissue damage in electrical burns." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 37, no. 02 (July 2004): 099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697236.

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ABSTRACTElectrical injuries due to high-tension voltage (>1000 volts) cause destruction at the point of contact with massive necrosis of deeper structures such as muscles, vessels and nerves. Rhabdomyolysis due to massive breakdown of skeletal muscles may lead to acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria. The study was undertaken to observe the correlation of renal complications with extent and progression of tissue damage in high-tension voltage electrical burns. Renal biochemical parameters as predictors of acute renal failure were also studied. Thirty two patients of high tension voltage electrical burn injuries presenting during one year period 1-1-2001 to 31-12-2001 were studied. Low-tension voltage electrical injuries (< 1000 volts) mimic thermal burns were excluded from the study. The electrical wound assessment and the renal biochemical parameters were done daily for the first seven days and then on alternate days for another seven days. Assessment of progression of wounds and correlation with the renal biochemical parameters was done. Patients who died following electrical burns were subjected to autopsy and histopathological examination of both kidneys. Out of the thirty-two patients, six (18.75%) went into acute renal failure. Five out of these six patients died because of renal failure (mortality rate 83.33%). There was definite progression of electric burn wounds. There was no correlation between progression of electrical burn wounds and acute renal failure. Serum creatinine was found to be the most important biochemical parameter as a prognostic indicator of acute renal failure.
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Sachdev, Namrita, Yashvant Singh, Sana ., and Dipshi Mehta. "Multi detector computed tomography imaging in penetrating injuries." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 6 (May 26, 2020): 2259. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202278.

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Background: Penetrating injuries forms an important component of surgical emergencies. Penetrating trauma typically involves the violation of the body by a gunshot wound (GSW) or stab wound. Emergency laparotomy is the accepted management in patients with a penetrating injury who are not hemodynamically stable. However, selective non-operative management has been shown to decrease the rate of unnecessary surgery. Plain radiographs and FAST are useful for initial assessment of these patients. Multi detector CT is an indispensable tool in the evaluation of patients who are stable and are candidates for conservative treatment.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was carried out on 40 patients admitted with penetrating injury to the trauma centre of PGIMER and Dr RML hospital. Of the 40 patients, 14 were taken for emergency laparotomy. In 26 cases, MDCT was done to evaluate for solid organ, hollow organ and vascular injuries.Results: The mean age of patients was 38 years, with male to female ratio of 5:1. Stab injury was the commonest type of injury, followed by gunshot wounds. Liver was the commonest solid organ involved, followed by kidneys and spleen. Other organs involved were diaphragm, small bowel and colon.Conclusions: Penetrating injuries can be life-threatening, making prompt diagnosis essential. Recognizing key abnormalities on MDCT ensures patients are triaged appropriately. Multi-detector CT is thus widely used to evaluate penetrating injuries in stable patients.
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Ksonz, I. V., Ie M. Grytsenko, M. I. Grystenko, O. V. Ovchar, and V. G. Fomin. "Penetrating Abdominal Trauma in Children." Paediatric Surgery. Ukraine, no. 1(70) (March 29, 2021): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/ps.2021.70.102.

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Injury is the leading cause of death among children and adolescents, with about 10% of injuries being penetrating. Penetrating injuries that occur if a child falls or sits down on a long, sharp object are rare by their mechanism. So far we have experience in treating 5 children with penetrating injuries to the abdominal organs involving long sharp objects. 3 children were injured by falling on a metal fence, and the other 2 by sitting down on a metal pin and a scythe. The consequences of the injuries were damage to the small intestine (1), colon (4), stomach (1), kidney (1), urinary bladder (2). Clinical cases. Two brothers, aged 11 and 12, who fell out of a tree on a metal fence from a height of about 3 meters, were brought Pediatric Municipal Clinical Hospital of Poltava Municipal Council with metal rods in their bodies. After preoperative preparation, the children were operated on. Removal of the foreign objects was performed in the operating room. One of the boys was found to have damage to the stomach, transverse colon, kidney crushing. Suturing of wounds of hollow organs, and nephrectomy were performed. The second boy was found to have damage to the rectum, a colostomy was performed with its subsequent closure. A 16-year-old girl was injured when she sat down on a vertical scythe blade. During the operation, wounds of the ileum and mesentery of the hungry intestine were revealed, the wounds were sutured. All children were discharged after they recovered. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: penetrating abdominal trauma, children.
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Bansal, Vishal, Chris M. Reid, Dale Fortlage, Jeanne Lee, Leslie Kobayashi, Jay Doucet, and Raul Coimbra. "Determining Injuries from Posterior and Flank Stab Wounds Using Computed Tomography Tractography." American Surgeon 80, no. 4 (April 2014): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481408000425.

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Unlike anterior stab wounds (SW), in which local exploration may direct management, posterior SW can be challenging to evaluate. Traditional triple contrast computed tomography (CT) imaging is cumbersome and technician-dependent. The present study examines the role of CT tractography as a strategy to manage select patients with back and flank SW. Hemodynamically stable patients with back and flank SW were studied. After resuscitation, Betadine- or Visipaque®-soaked sterile sponges were inserted into each SW for the estimated depth of the wound. Patients underwent abdominal helical CT scanning, including intravenous contrast, as the sole abdominal imaging study. Images were reviewed by an attending radiologist and trauma surgeon. The tractogram was evaluated to determine SW trajectory and injury to intra- or retroperitoneal organs, vascular structures, the diaphragm, and the urinary tract. Complete patient demographics including operative management and injuries were collected. Forty-one patients underwent CT tractography. In 11 patients, tractography detected violation of the intra- or retroperitoneal cavity leading to operative exploration. Injuries detected included: the spleen (two), colon (one), colonic mesentery (one), kidney (kidney), diaphragm (kidney), pneumothorax (seven), hemothorax (two), iliac artery (one), and traumatic abdominal wall hernia (two). In all patients, none had negative CT findings that failed observation. In this series, CT tractography is a safe and effective imaging strategy to evaluate posterior torso SW. It is unknown whether CT tractography is superior to traditional imaging modalities. Other uses for CT tractography may include determining trajectory from missile wounds and tangential penetrating injuries.
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Babar, Khan Muhammad, Humera Sadaf Bugti, Fida Ahmed Baloch, Shakeel Akbar, Abdullah Makki, and Bilal Elahi. "PATTERNS AND OUTCOME OF PENETRATING ABDOMINAL TRAUMA." Professional Medical Journal 26, no. 07 (July 10, 2019): 1067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.07.3768.

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Objectives: To determine the mode of penetrating injuries to abdomen and to determine the effect of these injuries on outcome and to formulate recommendations for management of patients sustaining penetrating abdominal trauma. Study Design: Descriptive, cross sectional. Setting: Surgical Department Sandeman Provincial hospital, Quetta. Period: 1 year 2012-2013. Methodology: 147 consecutive cases of abdominal trauma presenting to emergency were studied for pattern of injury and management outcome. Data was recorded and analyzed using SPSS v10. Frequency tables were generated for various variables. Results: The commonest mode of injury was stabbing occurring in 76 cases (51.7%) followed by gunshot injuries in 60 cases (40.8%), 11 patients (7.4%) sustained blast pellet injuries. Patients were either managed conservatively or underwent laparotomy depending on mechanism of injury and clinical presentation. Stab and blast pallet wounds which were superficial were managed by local wound exploration those with peritoneal breach, hemodynamic instability and visceral evisceration were managed by Laprotomy. All gunshot injuries underwent mandatory Laprotomy. Gut was most commonly injured viscus followed by liver and kidney. Types of procedure performed were primary repair, bowel resection, protective ileostomy, splenectomy, nephrectomy, 2 patients were managed by damage control i.e. liver packing. Overall mortality was 5%. Conclusion: Mandatory laprotomy for all gunshots, and stabs and pellets that penetrate the peritoneal cavity proves to be safe and a prudent policy.
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Hassan, Khaled M., Abdullah A. Hamdi, Suhail A. Alhamad, Reem Q. Alanzi, Yousef A. Aleid, Abdullah S. Aldarwish, Abdullah H. Almuntashiri, et al. "Healing the chronic wounds in diabetes using old drugs." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 4185. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203981.

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People with uncontrolled diabetes may develop poor circulation. As circulation slows down, blood moves more slowly, which makes it more difficult for the body to deliver nutrients to wounds. As a result, the injuries heal slowly, or may not heal at all. Due to the effects of diabetes on the nerves and blood vessels, diabetic patients might also experience other complications. These include heart disease, kidney disease, and eye problems. Hence, the need for therapeutic drugs is a must. In this review we analyze some drugs that have been used in diabetes wound healing including antiglycemic agents like dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors and metformin, statins and phenytoin. These drugs showed satisfying results giving the diabetes patients a glimmer of hop regarding their wound healing.
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Veeratterapillay, Rajan, Oliver Fuge, Philip Haslam, Chris Harding, and Andrew Thorpe. "Renal trauma." Journal of Clinical Urology 10, no. 4 (February 13, 2017): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415817691642.

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The kidney is the most commonly injured genitourinary organ, and renal involvement has been reported in 1–5% of all trauma cases. Two mechanisms of renal injury are described, namely blunt (direct blow to the kidney, rapid acceleration/deceleration or a combination) and penetrating (from stab or gunshot wounds), with blunt injuries being most common in the UK. It is important to keep an index of suspicion for renal trauma as given by the mechanism of the injury or in poly-trauma. Accurate assessment and resuscitation are vital in the initial management. Imaging with computed tomography is critical to the accurate grading of the injury and helps guide subsequent treatment. The approach to management of renal injuries has changed over time. During the past two decades, advances in cross-sectional imaging coupled with minimally invasive intervention strategies (like angiography, embolisation and ureteric stenting) for managing traumatic renal injuries have allowed increased renal preservation by reducing the need for major surgical intervention. Nowadays, the vast majority of blunt injuries (up to 95%) are managed conservatively with accumulated experience suggesting this is safe. However, there is still a role for open surgical exploration in patients with haemodynamic instability or those who fail initial conservative/minimally invasive management.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kidneys – Wounds and injuries"

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RUEGG, CHARLES EDWARD. "MECHANISMS UNDERLYING REGIOSELECTIVE ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS OF RENAL PROXIMAL TUBULAR SEGMENTS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184162.

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The convoluted (CPT) and straight (SPT) portions of the renal proximal tubule are susceptible to injury by a wide variety of chemical agents. These agents often affect the CPT or SPT selectively by proposed mechanisms usually attributed to tubular concentration, blood flow delivery patterns and tubuloglomerular feedback responses within the intact kidney. The innate cellular responses to chemical exposures remain virtually unexplored. Hence, the basic goal of this research was to develop an in vitro system that was conducive to examining the innate cellular differences in susceptibility between the CPT and SPT following in vitro exposure to mercuric chloride (HgCl₂), potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇)$ or hypoxic conditions. A renal cortical slicing technique was developed for these studies to position the CPT and SPT within discrete regions of slices made perpendicular to the cortical-papillary axis. An incubation vessel that could maintain the morophological and biochemical viability of slices for at least 12 hr was also developed. The selective necrosis of CPT induced by K₂Cr₂O₇ or hypoxic exposure, and SPT induced by HgCl₂, observed in vivo was reproduced in renal cortical slices exposed in vitro. Innate cellular uptake mechanisms were then investigated since the tissue distribution of each metal was found to be most concentrated within their respective injured cell type. The transport of PAH, TEA, phosphate, sulfate, glutathione and cysteine were examined as potential mechanisms for selective accumulation of these metals. K₂Cr₂O₇ caused a dose-dependent reduction in the uptake rate of sulfate by cortical slices, while phosphate, PAH, and TEA uptake were unaffected. Although HgCl₂ has a high affinity for sulfhydryl groups its uptake as a complex to glutathione or cysteine was not enhanced. HgCl₂ also had no affect on the uptake rate of PAH or TEA even though both HgCl₂ and K₂Cr₂O₇ were able to reduce the steady state accumulation of these organic substrates.
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Vernetti, Lawrence Alan 1952. "Effects of cyclosporin A on cytokeratin intermediate filaments in potaroo kangaroo rat renal cell cultures." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277023.

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Cyclosporin A (CsA) was incubated at concentrations of 5.0 x 10⁻⁶ M for 72 hours, and at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.5 x 10⁻⁶ M for 30 days with kangaroo rat proximal tubular epithelial cells (PtK₂) in order to evaluate its effects on the cytoskeleton. Alterations in the cytoskeleton were assessed by indirect immunofluorescence of viable cells, and by two dimensional electrophoresis of a high salt extract from the cells. There is a selective alteration of the cytokeratin intermediate filament organization in both the short term (5 x 10⁻⁶ M, 72 hr) and long term (1 and 0.5 x 10⁻⁶ M, 30 days) exposures. There are either peri-nuclear rings formed or the formation of a single aggregate clump of the cytokeratins within the cytoplasm. Other components of the cytoskeleton, the microtubules and the microfilaments remain unaffected at both short term and long term exposures. Along with this cytokeratin alteration in CsA exposed cells is the decrease or elimination of an acidic triplet of cytokeratin protein monomers, human equivalent K15 (50 kd), K16 (48 kd), K17 (46 kd). This may be related to CsA-associated nephrotoxicity.
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Sevastos, Jacob Prince of Wales Clinical School UNSW. "The role of tissue factor in renal ischaemia reperfusion injury." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Prince of Wales Clinical School, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27416.

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Reperfusion injury may mediate renal dysfunction following ischaemia. A murine model was developed to investigate the role of the tissue factor-thrombin-protease activated receptor pathway in renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI). In this model, mice received 25 minutes of ischaemia and subsequent periods of reperfusion. C57BL6, protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) knockout mice, and tissue factor (TF) deficient mice were used. Following 24 hours IRI, PAR-1 deficiency resulted in protection against severe renal failure compared to the C57BL6 mice (creatinine, 118.2 ?? 6.3 vs 203 ?? 12 ??mol/l, p<0.001). This was confirmed by lesser tubular injury. By 48 hours IRI, this resulted in a survival benefit (survival, 87.5% vs 0%, p<0.001). Treatment of C57BL6 mice with hirudin, a specific thrombin inhibitor, offered renoprotection at 24 hours IRI (creatinine, 107 ?? 10 ??mol/l, p<0.001), leading to a 60% survival rate at 48 hours IRI (p<0.001). TF deficient mice expressing less than 1% of C57BL6 mouse TF were also protected (creatinine, 113.6 ?? 7 ??mol/l, p<0.001), with a survival benefit of 75% (p<0.001). The PAR-1 knockout, hirudin treated C57BL6 and TF deficient mice had reduced myeloperoxidase activity and tissue neutrophil counts compared to the C57BL6 mice, along with reduced KC and MIP-2 chemokine mRNA and protein expression. Hirudin treatment of PAR-1 knockout mice had no additional benefit over PAR-1 absence alone, suggesting no further contribution by activation of other protease activated receptors (creatinine at 24 hours IRI, 106.5 ?? 10.5 ??mol/l, p>0.05). Furthermore, immunofluoresence staining for fibrin(ogen) showed no difference between C57BL6 and PAR-1 knockout mice, suggesting no major contribution by fibrin in this model. Renal IRI resulted in increased levels of TF mRNA expression in the C57BL6, PAR-1 knockout, and hirudin treated C57BL6 mice compared to normal controls, suggesting that TF mRNA expression was upregulated in this model. This resulted in increased TF functional activity in the C57BL6 and PAR-1 knockout mice, but TF activity was negligible in hirudin treated C57BL6 and TF deficient mice. The data therefore suggests that the TF-thrombin cascade contributes to renal IRI by signalling via PAR-1 that then regulates chemokine gene expression and subsequent neutrophil recruitment.
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Wang, Lon A. "Optical computing using interference filters as nonlinear optical logic gates and holographic optical elements as optical interconnects." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184502.

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This dissertation experimentally explores digital optical computing and optical interconnects with theoretical supports, from the physics of materials and the optimization of devices to system realization. The trend of optical computing is highlighted with the emphasis on the current development of its basic constituent elements, and a couple of algorithms selected to pave the way for utilizing bistable devices for their optical implementations. Optical bistable devices function as "optical transistors" in optical computing. The physics of dispersive optical bistability is briefly described. Bistable ZnS interference filters are discussed in detail regarding their linear and nonlienar characteristics. The optimization of switching characteristics for a bistable ZnS interference filter is discussed, and experimental results are shown. Symbolic substitution which fully takes advantage of regular optical interconnects constitutes two steps: pattern recognition and symbol scription. Two experiments on two digital pattern recognitions and one on a simple but complete symbolic substitution have been demonstrated. The extension of these experiments is an implementation of a binary adder. A one-bit full adder which is a basic block for a computer has been explored experimentally and demonstrated in an all-optical way. The utilization of a bistable device as a nonlinear decision-making element is further demonstrated in an associative memory experiment by incorporating a Vander Lugt matched filter to discriminate two partial fingerprints. The thresholding function of a bistable device enhances the S/N ratio and helps discrimination in associative memory. As the clocking speed of a computer goes higher, e.g. greater than several GHz, the clock signal distribution and packaging become serious problems in VLSI technology. The use of optical interconnects introduces a possible solution. A unique element for holographic optical interconnects, which combines advantages of computer generated hologram and DCG recording material, is discussed. Pattern design of a specific computer generated hologram and a proposed fabrication process are described. Experimental results suggest that this unique element has the capability of being tailored to perform multiple fan-out with resulting uniform tightly-focussed spots, and coupling between devices, e.g. source-to-fiber and fiber-to-waveguides, etc.
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SILBER, PAUL MICHAEL. "EARLY INDICATION AND PATHOGENESIS OF RENAL PROXIMAL TUBULE INJURY (ENZYMURIA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184097.

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It is well known that a variety of toxicants can cause damage to the renal proximal tubule. However, the early pathogenesis of these deleterious interactions between a toxicant and this region of the nephron remain poorly understood. Thus, the purpose of this research was to attempt to answer three interrelated questions. First, what are the earliest changes in kidney function and structure after administration of tubule toxicants in vivo? Secondly, how do these structural/functional alterations change over time? Finally, are certain indicators of renal "dysfunction" more sensitive then others to the early stages of proximal tubule injury? The basic experimental approach consisted of injecting laboratory animals with a selective proximal tubule toxicant, and then collecting blood and/or urine at several timepoints after dosing; a variety of renal function indicators were evaluated at each of these timepoints. These included blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the excretion of glucose, protein, salts, glutathione, enzymes, and other endogenous molecules into the urine. At the termination of the exposure period the kidneys were evaluated histopathologically, and were also assayed for levels of specific enzymes and glutathione. Enzyme histochemistry was used to visualize changes in renal enzyme distribution, and protein electrophoretic methods permitted quantification of urinary proteins. These studies showed that specific markers of renal dysfunction were more sensitive to acute proximal tubule injury than other indicators. Specifically, the urinary excretion of proteins and the brush border membrane marker γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were the best indicators of proximal tubule injury. Glucosuria, lysozymuria, and glutathionuria were all less sensitive markers, and changes in BUN or GFR were the poorest indicators of acute proximal tubule injury. These results indicated that the brush border membrane is one of the most susceptible regions of the proximal tubule to acute renal injury. Analysis of urinary protein electrophoresis patterns and kidney histopathology confirmed this hypothesis. This research also demonstrated the progression of the toxicant-tubule interaction over time, and showed that both tubule structure and function may be altered within minutes of administering a nephro-toxicant.
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Foster, Michele. "A window of opportunity : referral from acute care to rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16181.pdf.

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Schneider, Jillian Claire Zillmer Eric Moelter Stephen T. "Emotional sequelae of sports-related injuries : concussive and orthopedic injuries /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1115.

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Murnyack, Roberta Michelle. "Development of a three-dimensional finite element model of lateral controlled cortical impact injury in the rat with geometry from magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17058.

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Lin, Htein. "Causes and prevalence of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors of school children aged 10-14 years in Maseru, Lesotho." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, etiology and types of injuries to permanent incisors among schoolchildren aged 10-14 years from Maseru, Lesotho. Upper and lower permanent incisors were examined for dental injuries.
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Margand, Paul Marcus Buchanan. "Ultrastructural changes in electrically damaged x-enopus laevis sciatic nerve." Scholarly Commons, 1991. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2217.

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Electrical injury is known to alter the normal physiological function of nerves. In most cases, the change in function is only minor, but in severe instances the physiological function may be lost entirely. The changes in function involve the ability of the nerve to transmit an impulse, which is a function of the nerve's ability to create and maintain an electrical gradient across its membrane. When the nerve is exposed to an electrical current, the ability to maintain an electrical gradient across the membrane is reduced or lost. This change may be transient or permanent. The changes in the gradient hinder the nerve from propagating the impulse, which is the means of information transfer to and from the CNS (central nervous system). Due to the manner in which human victims are typically exposed to an electric shock, the peripheral axons usually display the greatest change in physiological function.
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Books on the topic "Kidneys – Wounds and injuries"

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Controversies in acute kidney injury. Basel: Karger, 2011.

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Ronco, C., and Ding Xiaoqiang. Acute kidney injury. Basel: Karger, 2016.

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1970-, Aksenov Igor V., and Miller Stuart S, eds. MasterMinding wounds. [Flagstaff, AZ]: Best Publishing Company, 2010.

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Zederfeldt, Bengt. Wounds & wound healing. London: Wolfe Medical, 1986.

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Zederfeldt, B. Wounds & wound healing. London: Wolfe Medical, 1986.

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Aaseng, Nathan. Head injuries. New York: F. Watts, 1996.

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Stimola, Aubrey. Brain injuries. New York: Rosen Pub., 2012.

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Aaseng, Nathan. Head injuries. New York: F. Watts, 1996.

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Aaseng, Nathan. Head injuries. New York: F. Watts, 1996.

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Collins, John Gary. Types of injuries and impairments due to injuries, United States. Hyattsville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kidneys – Wounds and injuries"

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Payne, Christopher, and Andrew Kjos. "Wounds and Injuries." In A Beginner’s Guide to Special Makeup Effects, 89–94. New York : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003093701-19.

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Orgill, Dennis P. "Operative Management of Pressure Injuries." In Interventional Treatment of Wounds, 75–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66990-8_5.

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Presterl, Elisabeth, Magda Diab-El Schahawi, Luigi Segagni Lusignani, Helga Paula, and Jacqui S. Reilly. "Puncture Wounds and Needle-Related Injuries." In Basic Microbiology and Infection Control for Midwives, 151–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02026-2_16.

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Hanson, R. Reid, and Amelia S. Munsterman. "Treatment of Burn Injuries, Gunshot Wounds, and Dog-Bite Wounds." In Equine Wound Management, 476–89. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118999219.ch20.

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Hadrill, David. "4. How to prevent wounds and injuries; How to treat wounds." In Horse Healthcare, 86–111. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780443515.004.

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Heegaard, William G., and Gary M. Vilke. "Factitious Conducted Electrical Weapon Wounds: Injuries and Considerations." In Atlas of Conducted Electrical Weapon Wounds and Forensic Analysis, 131–42. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3543-3_7.

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Badr, Hoda, Trina M. Barker, and Kathrin Milbury. "Couples’ Psychosocial Adaptation to Combat Wounds and Injuries." In Risk and Resilience in U.S. Military Families, 213–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7064-0_11.

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Graham, Michael. "Histopathology of Cutaneous Conducted Electrical Weapon Injuries." In Atlas of Conducted Electrical Weapon Wounds and Forensic Analysis, 79–111. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3543-3_5.

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Brave, Michael. "Legal Aspects of Conducted Electrical Weapon Injuries, Wounds, and Effects." In Atlas of Conducted Electrical Weapon Wounds and Forensic Analysis, 143–54. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3543-3_8.

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Spatola, Brian F. "Atypical gunshot and blunt force injuries: wounds along the biomechanical continuum." In Skeletal trauma analysis, 7–26. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118384213.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Kidneys – Wounds and injuries"

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Gasimzade, G. Sh. "Diagnostics of the injuries of kidneys." In Scientific achievements of the third millennium. LJournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/scienceconf-05-2019-21.

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Lamping, Jeffrey W., Stephen K. Bubb, and Terence E. McIff. "Effectiveness of Negative Pressure in Promoting Tissue Growth Into Porous Metal Implants." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80884.

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Extremity War Injuries (EWI) with large open segmental and periarticular defects constitute a high volume and high morbidity challenge for the military trauma management system. Open segmental tibia and elbow fractures caused by Improvised Explosive Device (IED) wounds, are two examples of such injuries. Several problems occur when trying to repair such a wound. The large, gaping wounds make skin closure difficult. Infection is also a prevalent complication typically caused by debris contaminating the wound. Lastly, large amounts of damaged tissue including segmental bone defects make repair difficult.
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Zhang, Jiangyue, Narayan Yoganandan, Cheryl A. Muszynski, Frank A. Pintar, and Thomas A. Gennarelli. "Analysis of Penetrating Head Impact." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59899.

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Impact-induced injuries can be classified into blunt and penetrating types. Penetrating injuries are often the byproduct of gunshot wounds and these injuries to the head result in significant mortality and morbidity. The objective of the study is to determine the probability of fatality as a function of admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and injury volumes (hematoma and edema) in gunshot wounds using computed tomography (CT) scans. Head CT images from 19 patients were analyzed. Hematoma and edema volumes were computed using grayscale equivalents and special computer software. Hematoma and edema volumes were found to be better predictors than GCS. In addition to admission GCS, hematoma and edema volumes may allow more accurate prediction of outcome, and these data should provide informed counseling of relatives and improved guidelines for more efficient resource allocation during the acute care phase.
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Frybarger, Michelle R., and Karim H. Muci-Küchler. "Distribution of Bacterial Contamination in Partial Penetration Surrogate Ballistic Wounds." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23897.

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Abstract With the rise in use of IEDs during armed conflicts, there has been an increase in the number of injuries to the extremities. Shrapnel and debris ejected during the explosion become high-speed projectiles capable of penetrating soft tissues, bringing bacterial contamination into the wound. If not properly treated, that contamination could lead to infection. Studies aimed at understanding the distribution of bacterial contamination along the permanent cavity could provide useful information to improve treatment protocols for these types of injuries. In this paper, a lower extremity surrogate model was used to investigate bacterial distribution in partial penetration ballistic wounds. The targets used were ballistic gelatin blocks that had an Escherichia coli-laden filter paper placed on their front face. Spherical projectiles were fired into the targets adjusting their speed to obtain three different partial penetration depths. After each shot, a gelatin strip containing the permanent cavity was extracted and segmented. The permanent cavity was removed from each segment, placed in a test tube with buffer solution, and heated in a water bath to melt the gelatin. Standard microbiology protocols were followed to determine the number of colony forming units (CFUs) in each segment. The bacteria distribution was represented by percent of total CFU in the permanent cavity versus segment number. In addition, bacterial contamination as a function of projectile penetration depth was explored. For the cases considered, most of the bacterial contamination occurred in the segments closer to the projectile entry point.
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Fabio, Anthony, Shiyao Gao, Michael Bell, Patrick Kochanek, and Stephen Wisniewski. "97 Gunshot wounds to the head: the epidemiology of severe paediatric firearm-related traumatic brain injuries." In SAVIR 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042560.97.

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Izmailov, Sergey, Julia Perevezentseva, Andrey Rotkov, Vladimir Beschastnov, Evgeniy Popov, and Egor Lukoyanychev. "Mathematical Justification of the Wound suturing by Wound Contractors of new Generation." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". Bryansk State Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fce2772128d09.10616351.

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Frequent cases of man-made disasters, terrorist attacks and military conflicts lead to an increase in the number of victims. Significant soft tissue defects are known to result from gunshot wounds. So, as a result of mine-blasting injuries, defects in the skin and underlying tissues more than 10 cm in diameter are formed in 71.1% of cases. The prerequisite for the uncomplicated course of the wound process is to achieve an adequate comparison of the edges of the wound without excessive tension. To close such extensive wounds, various technical means are used: sutures on pads, various types of dermatotension. We have developed various models of wound contractors (RC) for treatment of wounds. With the help of the RC, a complete reposition and good adaptation of the edges of the wound is created. The wound closure method using these RC almost completely eliminates tissue cutting and limits the sawing effect to a minimum. This is explained by the effects of elastic forces reducing to zero when matching soft tissues and suturing. The use of hardware methods for suturing wounds requires the development of mathematical models of various types of wounds and surgical sutures. These models should provide a simulation of living tissues of the wound edges behavior to achieve the best results in the treatment of wounds by RC advanced technologies. The purpose of this study is to mathematically justify RC with the parallel holding of spokes. Another purpose is to develop a mathematical model of the wounds suturing by hardware technology.
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Zhang, Jiangyue, and Frank A. Pintar. "A Finite Element Study of Blast Overpressure on the Skull With and Without Helmet." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19083.

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The use of advanced personal armor, especially the helmet, during combat has significantly reduced the incidence and severity of life threatening penetrating injuries from gunshot and blast shrapnel to the head and improved the overall survival rate of soldiers in combat [1]. On the other hand, the number of blast related injuries (68%) has increased to more than 4 times that of gunshot wounds (15%) and other injuries (17%), among which blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has became the signature wound of the U.S. armed forces in Iraq and Afghanistan due to increased use of improvised explosive devices (IED) and rocket-propelled grenades (RPG) by the insurgents [2–4]. It is well known in detonation physics that the presence of a close proximity surface will increase the overpressure on the target due to blast wave reflection [5, 6]. The helmet, which has saved many lives from otherwise fatal penetration and blunt impact injuries, may unfortunately also serve as a reflecting surface and pose increased blast injury threat to the head. Consequently, the current study was designed to compare blast overpressures on the skull with and without helmet using a human head computational model.
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Cargill, Robert S., Kevin K. Toosi, and Edward J. Macarak. "Mechanical Properties of the Fetal Bovine Bladder Lamina Propria and Their Correlation With Changes in Extracellular Matrix." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193131.

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The urinary bladder is an organ whose purpose is to store urine at low pressure and periodically expel it. This system normally operates at relatively low pressure to protect the kidneys from the deleterious effects of increased pressure. In certain pathologies, this organ can be subject to a decrease in compliance (“stiffening”) and an increase of the storage pressure which causes higher back pressure on the kidney and ultimately results in kidney damage if untreated. Clinically, these pathologies are exemplified in disorders such as myelomeningocele, posterior urethral valves, dysfunctional voiding, and disorders associated with spinal cord injuries. In these disorders, bladder structure is altered and the bladder becomes stiff and noncompliant.
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Zhang, Jiangyue, Narayan Yoganandan, Frank A. Pintar, Yabo Guan, and Thomas A. Gennarelli. "Experimental Study on Non-Exit Ballistic Induced Traumatic Brain Injury." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176407.

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Ballistic-induced traumatic brain injury remains the most severe type of injury with the highest rate of fatality. Yet, its injury biomechanics remains the least understood. Ballistic injury biomechanics studies have been mostly focused on the trunk and extremities using large gelatin blocks with unconstrained boundaries [1, 2]. Results from these investigations are not directly applicable to brain injuries studies because the human head is smaller and the soft brain is enclosed in a relatively rigid cranium. Thali et al. developed a “skin-skull-brain” model to reproduce gunshot wounds to the head for forensic purposes [3]. These studies focused on wound morphology to the skull rather than brain injury. Watkins et al. used human dry skulls filled with gelatin and investigated temporary cavities and pressure change [4]. However, the frame rate of the cine X-ray was too slow to describe the cavity dynamics, and pressures were only quantified at the center of skull. In addition, the ordnance gelatin used in these studies is not the most suitable simulant to model brain material because of differences in dynamic moduli [5]. Sylgard gel (Dow Corning Co., Midland, MI) demonstrates similar behavior as the brain and has been used as a brain surrogate to determine brain deformations under blunt impact loading [6, 7]. Zhang et al. used the simulant for ballistic brain injury and investigated the correlation between temporary cavity pulsation and pressure change [8, 9]. However, the skulls used in these models were not as rigid as the human cranium. The presence of a stronger cranial bone may significantly decrease the projectile velocity and change the kinematics of cavity and pressure distribution in the cranium. In addition, projectiles perforated through the models in these studies. Patients with through-and-through perforating gunshot wounds to the head have a greater fatality rate than patients with non-exit penetrating wounds [10]. Therefore, it is more clinically relevant to investigate non-exit ballistic traumatic brain injuries. Consequently, the current study is designed to investigate the brain injury biomechanics from non-exit penetrating projectile using an appropriately sized and shaped physical head model.
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CHIRVA, Y. V., and M. I. BABICH. "TREATMENT OF DEFECTS IN BONES AND SOFT TISSUE WOUNDS IN VICTIMS WITH INJURIES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES BY THE METHOD OF SEQUENTIAL OSTEOSYNTHESIS." In Проблемы и вопросы современной науки. Научно-Издательский Центр Международной Объединенной Академии Наук (НИЦ МОАН), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/pivsn-18.

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