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Journal articles on the topic 'Khitan language'
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Róna-Tas, András. "Remarks on the ethnonym Khitan." Turkic Languages 20, no. 2 (2016): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/tl/2016/2/157.
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Jacques, Guillaume. "Review of Kane (2009): The Khitan Language and Script." Diachronica 27, no. 1 (June 2, 2010): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.27.1.05jac.
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Yue, Isaac. "Treason by Bilingualism? Xenophobia, Clique, and the Impeachment of Yu Jing." Sinología hispánica 1, no. 8 (June 15, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/sin.v1i8.5931.
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<p>A gifted linguist, diplomat, and negotiator, Yu Jing (1000-1064) is uniquely qualified among Northern Song officials in his extensive knowledge of Khitan language and culture. At a time when Liao-Song relationship was at its most contentious, the advantage of having an official who could communicate fluently in both languages cannot be overstated. However, according to official history, not only did his bilingualism not endear him to the court, it aroused constant suspicion and led to his eventual impeachment, which occurred after he composed a poem in the Khitan language and presented it to the Emperor of the Liao State as a token of gratitude. The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the cause of Yu Jing’s indictment in the context of political machination. By contextualizing his composition of the Poem in the Language of the Barbarian and subsequent impeachment within the politics of the court, my goal is to supplement, even challenge, our above conventional acceptance of xenophobia as the sole cause of Yu’s downfall. In doing so, I hope to point out the potential flaw of our current understanding of Song diplomacy as guilelessly dictated by its inferiority complex and0xenophobic sentiments.</p>
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Khabtagaeva, Bayarma. "On Dagur Kinship Terms." International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics 5, no. 2 (December 22, 2023): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25898833-20230046.
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Abstract According to conventional linguistic classifications, Dagur is one of the archaic Mongolic languages. This language is unique, allegedly connected with the Para- Mongolic language Khitan, and it has a close areal relationship with two Tungusic languages, Manchu and Solon Ewenki. This paper is a continuation of the author’s research on etymological studies of the Dagur language. Two papers have already been published, focusing respectively on names for body parts (Khabtagaeva 2021) and colours (Khabtagaeva 2022). The present paper addresses kinship terminology. The Dagur terms were collected from different published works and fieldwork materials. Most of the terms are of Mongolic origin with special Dagur phonetic features and with an internal Dagur mophological development. A few terms were borrowed from Tungusic languages and Chinese.
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Shen, Lin. "Referential explicitation of English translated diplomatic discourse? A 50-year 56-lingual corpus-based study on United Nations general debate speeches (1970–2019)." Across Languages and Cultures 24, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 25–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/084.2023.00330.
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AbstractResearch on explicitation has been criticized by a lack of diachronic analyses and multi-lingual comparisons. This study, therefore, conducts a 50-year (1970–2019) comparison of referential explicitness between a 11,721,608-token corpus of English translated diplomatic discourse from 56 languages and a 11,113,036-token corpus of English original diplomatic discourse extracted from the United Nations General Debate Corpus (UNGDC) with the Multi-dimensional Analysis (MDA) framework. The findings suggest 1) a general tendency towards less explicitation for the English translated discourse in the UNGDC with time, 2) referential explicitation in Arabic, Chinese, Portuguese, and 31 other languages (more often from Sino-Tibetan, Mongolic-Khitan, and 6 other language families) and implicitation in Japanese and 21 other languages (more often from Japonic and 4 other language families), and 3) changes in referential explicitness in the discourses of China, Russia, Spain, and UAE in comparison with Britain and the United States. The potential influence of language contact and source language interference may be further taken into account. With the findings, this study calls for more dynamic views and multi-lingual comparisons on explicitation in diverse genres to present a fuller picture of the translation universal.
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Kim, Tae-gyeong. "The Necessity of Using Dagur and Korean Language to Decipher the Khitan Scripts." Cheonggyeo History 23 (December 30, 2021): 7–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33835/cghs.23.1.
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Guochao, Liu, Wu Jun, and Yang Bo. "The development of writing in Northern China in the 10th – 19th centuries through the prism of the “Complete Manchu-Russian Dictionary” by I.I. Zakharov." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2024, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202402statyi12.
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The study of the Chinese writing is one of the main tasks of Russian Sinology. Since the beginning of 18th century, Russian Sinologists have begun to study of the Manchurian language. Being a representative research work in this field, the Complete Manchurian-Russian Dictionary by I.I. Zakharov is a valuable and indispensable reference book for studying the Manchurian language in the modern scientific community. In the preface to the dictionary, Zakharov analyzed the stages of development and evolution of Khitan, Jurchen, Mongolian and Manchu writing created by ethnic minorities in northern China since the 10th century, which reveal the true face of Chinese society of that era in linguistic and cultural terms.
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Alimov, Igor. "The Mobility of Chinese Officials. II: Lu Zhen and Cheng yao lu." Manuscripta Orientalia. International Journal for Oriental Manuscript Research 27, no. 1 (2021): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1238-5018-2021-27-1-33-35.
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The present paper focuses on Cheng yao lu (“Notes of the Traveller in a Chariot), the itinerary diary of Lu Zhen (957—1014), a Sung historian and official, that attests to the mobility of the old Chinese dignitaries. Lu Zhen kept this itinerary diary during his ambassade in the Khitan state of Liao and described a lot of extraordinary details about the state, its local habits and customs, which makes this written monument an important source of historic and ethnographic information.
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Alimov, Igor. "The Mobility of Chinese Officials. III: Chen Xiang and Shi liao yü lu." Manuscripta Orientalia. International Journal for Oriental Manuscript Research 28, no. 2 (December 2022): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1238-5018-2022-28-2-52-55.
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The present paper focuses on Shi liao yü lu (“The Description of Embassy to Liao”), the 1067 travel diary of Chen Xiang (1017—1080), a Sung official, that attests to the mobility of the old class of Chinese officials who lived in the 10th—13th centuries. Chen Xiang kept this travel diary during his embassy in the Khitan state of Liao and described a lot of extraordinary details about the state, its local habits and customs, which makes this written monument an important source of historic and ethnographic information.
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Ivliev, Aleksander. "The Far East in the Middle Age." ISTORIYA, E21 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840017575-1.
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This chapter describes the history of the Russian Far East in the Middle Ages. This period begins with the spread of the Mohe tribes in Primorye and Amur region. The most important of them were Heishui (Amur) Mohe and Sumo Mohe. The Sumo Mohe created the Bohai state in 698. It was the first early state on this territory. The Bohais had towns, a developed culture. On the territory of Primorye, the most famous site is the Kraskino town. In 926, the Bohai were conquered by the Khitan, who created a subordinate territory as a vassal state. From the 10th century there where Jurchens appear. They created the Golden (Jin) Empire in 1115. The empire included almost all of Northern China, Primorye and Amur region. The Jurchens had a large culture, they built cities, and had their own written language. More than a hundred cities and fortresses existed on the territory of Primorye alone. At the beginning of the 13th century during the Mongol invasion of Jin, a buffer Jurchen of the Eastern Xia states (1215—1233) was created on the territory of Primorye. After the death of the Jin Empire, these lands gradually fell into desolation.
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Chesnokova, Natalia. "The “Ten Injuctions” 訓要十條 (Hunyo Sipcho, 942?): annotated translation." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 1 (2023): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080023977-1.
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The article focuses on the “Ten Injunctions” (Hunyo sipcho, 942?), a famous Korean document that dates back to the early Koryŏ period (918–1392) and most likely belongs to Wang Kŏn (T’aejo, 877–943), the founder of Koryŏ kingdom. This article, for the first time in Russian Korean studies, introduces a reader to a commented translation of the “Ten Injunctions”. The “Ten Injunctions” is mentioned in Korean historical chronicles, namely the “History of Koryŏ” (Koryŏsa, 1451) and the “Essentials of Koryŏ History” (Koryŏsa chŏryo, 1452). It was written in Hanmun – a Korean form of classical Chinese, and as our research shows, it was in form of traditional Chinese imperial writings. The “Ten Injunctions” document consists of two parts. The first one is an Introduction that explains the reasons stood behind the completion of the document, and the second one is the main text with the prescribed ten injunctions. The origin of the “Ten Injunctions” is still under discussion because most of the Koryŏ historical documents were destroyed in Khitan invasion in 1011: although most of the scholars are sure that the text belongs to Wang Kŏn, recently there have been a number of suggestions that the text belongs to Wang Kŏn’s grandson or even to a palace scholar of the 11th century. The “Ten Injunctions” document has never yet been translated into Russian, nor have ever been a study on its contents, so this paper seeks to fill this gap and to introduce the document to the Russian Korean studies.
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Rykin, Pavel O. "О некоторых редких и малоизвестных военных терминах в монгольских летописях XVII в." Oriental studies 16, no. 1 (April 14, 2023): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2023-65-1-171-192.
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Goals. The study attempts etymological analyses of several rare military terms attested in 17th-century Mongol chronicles. The following terms are specifically touched upon in the article: aγuraγ ~ aγuruγ ‘base camp’, bayirildu- ‘to battle each other, fight a battle’, bulγaldu- ‘to fight each other or together’, čaγuraγul- ‘to send on a military campaign’, ide- ‘to capture and plunder (a city)’, nengde- ‘to attack unexpectedly’, niγtarqa- ‘to be in close order’, toyin ‘(military) camp’. All these terms are either totally unattested in the dictionaries of written Mongolian, or used with unique or rare meanings in sources, and reflect important features of military structure in the era of the Mongol Empire. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes three Mongol chronicles of the 17th century, namely: Quriyangγui Altan tobči ‘Brief Golden Summary’ (ca. 1604 to 1634, or mid-to-late 17th century), Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur ‘The Jewel Translucent Sūtra’ (ca. 1607), and Altan tobči ‘Golden Summary’ by Blo-bzaṅ bstan-’jin (ca. 1651 to 1655, or late 17th – early 18th century). The work employs a number of research methods inherent to comparative-historical linguistics and textology. Results. The article presumes the Mongol Empire’s military structure still remained more or less efficient — with some modifications — when the examined Mongol chronicles were being compiled, but completely lost its relevance in subsequent times. In view of this, only a small number of medieval military terms have survived in modern Mongolic languages, sometimes greatly changed in meaning (aγuraγ ~ aγuruγ), used only as obsolete forms (bulγa/bulγaldu-) or bound morphemes (ča’ur). Conclusions. The paper suggests some of the terms are of foreign origin and bear obvious traces of the intensive areal contacts between Mongolic and neighboring languages, notably Turkic (aγuraγ ~ aγuruγ, bulγa(-), toyi/n), Tungusic (nen(g)de-), and Khitan (ča’ur) ones. Some are attested as hapax legomena in individual chronicles (bayirildu-, čaγuraγul-, niγtarqa-), while others articulate highly specific meanings that have no parallels in our sources, and thus either correspond to the semantics of the donor forms (toyi/n) or possibly reflect the influence of local dialects of that time (ide-).
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Khudyakov, Yuliy S., and Alisa Yu Borisenko. "Localization of the Kyrgyz Residence Areas in Southern Siberia and Central Asia within the Periods of late Antiquity, Early and High Middle Ages." Archaeology and Ethnography 20, no. 7 (2021): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-7-109-120.
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Purpose. This article considers and analyzes the information, contained in ancient and medieval sources, about residence areas of the Yenisei and Central Asian Kyrgyz during particular historical periods, including late Antiquity, Early and High Middle Ages. These periods are related to the time of existence of political and military domination in the Central Asian Region of the ancient and medieval Turkic and Mongolian nomads, including Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic, Teles and Khitan nomadic ethnic groups. Results. During one of those historical periods, after the defeat of the Uyghur Khaganate, the Kyrgyz themselves dominated over Central Asian steppes. Resettlement areas of the Kyrgyz in Central Asia and Southern Siberia changed considerably on several occasions. During various historical periods, the Kyrgyz resided in the territory of Eastern Tian Shan, within the bounds of modern Xinjiang and during the following historical periods in Minusinsk Basin as well, followed by the vast territories of the Sayan and Altai Mountains and a major part of Central Asia, as well as within the bounds of the Western Tian Shan mountain range. The article analyzes the available informative historical data in ancient and medieval sources about the main resettlement areas of the Kyrgyz in different territories in definite time periods of their residence within the bounds of the Central Asian historical and cultural region. Conclusion. Since their repeated resettlement into the eastern Tian Shan region in the era of the Kyrgyz Great Power, the Old Kyrgyz descendants could have reclaimed the mountains and valleys of Tengir-Too. They could have also restored their statehood at the turn of historical modernity, firstly in its capacity as a republic within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and during the last decades by way of the independent state of the Kyrgyz Republic in the Commonwealth of Independent States. Despite all existing current complexities, the Kyrgyz keep their State.
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Albedil, Margarita F. "“If One Human Mind Has Come up with Something, Then Another Can Unravel It”. On the Centenary of the Birth of Yu.V. Knorozov." Chelovek 33, no. 5 (2022): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s023620070022796-2.
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The article deals with the scientific heritage of the great Russian scientist Yuri Valentinovich Knorozov (1922–1999). He is best known as the decipherer of the script of the ancient Maya Indians, who created one of the most distinctive civilizations of pre-Columbian America. This landmark discovery brought the scientist well-deserved glory and fame. Now his name is forever inscribed in the annals of domestic and world science. But the range of Knorozov's scientific interests and research was not limited to this topic. The scientist fearlessly took on difficult tasks, he believed that there were no unsolvable problems, it was only necessary to choose the right path of research. And he found such ways, relying on his encyclopedic knowledge, the intuition of a scientist and titanic efficiency. Knorozov studied different historical writing systems, which he considered as complex semiotic systems, perceiving them as a secondary code in relation to the language. Among them are the Proto-Indian script, the Easter Island script Kohau Rongo-Rongo, the Khitan script, the ancient Andean script, and the Ainu pictography. In his research, the scientist relied on the theoretical and methodological base he created in the process of deciphering the Mayan script. In fact, Knorozov built a general theory of decipherment, which is important for the study of any writing system. The scientist's interests also included theoretical problems, because the study of historical scripts was one of the particular tasks in the general problem of studying sign systems. This article discusses four areas of Yu.V. Knorozov's work: the decipherment of the Mayan script, the study of Proto-Indian texts, the Rapa Nui script Kohau Rongo-Rongo, and the Ainu pictography. The purpose of the article is to recreate some features of the multifaceted image of a ingenious scientist.
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Az Zahro, Fatimah, and Zaqiatul Mardiah. "Al-Khilaf ‘inda Daulah Qatr wa Mitsl al-Jins fi Ka’si al-'Alam 2022: Tahlil al-Khitab al-Naqd li Ruth Wodak." Arabiyatuna: Jurnal Bahasa Arab 7, no. 2 November (November 17, 2023): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jba.v7i2.7969.
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This research aims to reveal the alignment of the BBC news portal in the conflict that occurred at the 2022 World Cup. From October to the end of November 2022, the BBC will carry headlines about the Qatar-LGBTQ community-FIFA triangular conflict. This BBC news is interesting to examine critically through the lens of Ruth Wodak (2001), namely historical and discursive strategies. This study uses the Wodak paradigm to criticize the BBC news text about the conflict to reveal the media's ideology and partiality in this case. Wodak always involves historical aspects of discourse content because news texts never stand alone but are related to events in the past. The discursive aspect becomes a tool to frame how news is presented using language as a social practice. The research results state that the BBC is a pro-LGBTQ community. This inclination can be seen from the BBC's language presentation, word choice, and the language structure used by the BBC in presenting news. The BBC is also very skilled at inserting rejection of Qatar's principles through human rights presentations.
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Paulina Merlin and Ida Ayu Putri Gita Ardiantari. "Figurative Language Found in “Wolf Town” Movie." ELYSIAN JOURNAL : English Literature, Linguistics and Translation Studies 4, no. 2 (May 31, 2024): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/elysian.v4i1.5133.
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Abstract This study entitled “figurative language found in “Wolf Town” movie. The purposes of this study are to identify the types of figurative language and to analyze the meaning of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie. This study used two theories. The first theory used in this research is proposed by Stanford (2003) and keraf (2009) which is used to find out types of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie. The second theory is proposed by keraf (2009) Which is used to find out the meaning of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie. The method used in collecting the data was observation method. The data of the movie were collected by downloading movie from the youtobe, watching the movie, listening and understanding the dialogue movie and taking note and classifying the data based on type’s figurative language. The data were analysed descriptively by using qualitative method. After analyzing the data, it was found that there are seven types of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie which consist of 1 simile (9%), 2 hyperbole (18%), 1 symbolism (9%), 1 sarcasm (9%), 4 repetition (37%), 1 cynicism (9%), and 1 allegory (9%). All of the figurative language have connotative meaning which implicitly deliver hidden messages and life values. Keywords: figurative language, movie, figurative language meaning. Abstrak Penelitian ini berjudul “figurative language found in “Wolf Town” movie”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis bahasa khiasan dan menganalisis makna bahasa khiasan di movie Wolf Town. Penelitian in menggunakan dua teori. Teori pertama dikemukakan oleh Stanford (2003) dan Keraf (2009) yang digunakan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Bahasa khiasan yang digunakan dalam movie Wolf Town. Teori kedua dikemukakan oleh Keraf (2009) yang digunakan untuk mengetahui makna makna bahasa khiasan yang digunakan dalam movie Wolf Town. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah metode observasi. Penulis mengumpulkan data skrip movie dengan mendownload movie dari youtobe, nonton movie, mendengarkan dan memahami dialog movie dan mencatat dan mengklasifikasi data, berdasarkan jenis bahasa khiasan. Penulis menganalisis data secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Setelah menganalisis data, penulis menemukan bahwa ada tujuh jenis bahasa khiasan yang di temukan di movie Wolf Town yang terdiri dari 1 simile (9%), 2 hiperbola (18%), 1 simbolik (9%), 1 sarkasme (9%), 4 repetisi (37%), 1 sinisme (9%), dan 1 alegory (9%). Semua bahasa khiasan memiliki makna konotatif yang secara implisit menyampaikan pesan-pesan tersembunyi dan nilai-nilai kehidupan.
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Tadjiyeva, Feruza. "Slavery Relations in the Khanate of Khiva (based on archival documents)." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080025934-4.
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The following article is based on archival documents from the manuscript fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, funds of the National State Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khivan Ichon-Kala Museum-Reserve and State Archive of the Orenburg Region of the Russian Federation. The historical sources reflecting the issue of slavery relations in the Khivan Khanate are analyzed, and public attitude to slaves in the country is studied. The doc-uments mainly reflect such issues as slave trade and conditions under which the slaves were liber-ated. Khivan Khanate’s customs of giving slaves and maidservants out as gifts to other owners were analyzed on the basis of related documents. Based on this, the role of Islam in the social and spiritual life of the Khivan Khanate was also analyzed. One of the methods to get rid of slaves and maidservants in the Khivan Khanate was to provide them freedom in exchange for money, and this issue is reflected in some archival sources. Based on the study of the documents of the State Historical Archive of the Orenburg Region, the level of political relations between the Khanate and Russia was discussed, as well as the measures taken by the Russian government to free the slaves. Political and economic relations between the Khanate and Russia were also analyzed, based on the study of documents from the State Historical Archive of the Orenburg Region.
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Timokhin, Dmitriy M. "Review of pre-mongol arab-persian sources on the history of qara khitai state: features of the structure and content." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 6 (2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080017700-7.
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This study is devoted to the analysis of pre-Mongol Arab-Persian sources containing information on the history of the Qara Khitai state. This power, formed in 1125 within the borders of East Turkestan, not only quickly becomes a regional leader, finally undermining the power of the Karakhanid rulers, but also interferes in the political processes that took place within neighboring regions. In particular, the Qara Khitai attempt to assert their power in the lands of Transoxiana leads to their clash with the Seljuk ruler, Sultan Sanjar, whose defeat in the battle of the Katavan plain in 1141, of course, to the destruction of his power after 1153, the growth of the power of regional leaders, as well as the strengthening of the Qara Khitai state itself. Up to the beginning of the XIII cent. this political entity will be the most important rival of Khorezm and the Ghurid Sultan in the struggle for dominance not only in Transoxiana, but also in the lands of Khorasan. Among the Arab-Persian sources, when describing this state and its rulers, researchers mainly rely on the monuments of the Mongol era, but in this article we would like to draw attention to the information potential of earlier works on this issue. We will present an overview of the Arab-Persian sources of the pre-Mongol period, containing information on the history of the Qara Khitai state, and highlight the features of their structure and content. We will try to highlight the possible historiographical continuity in relation to the description of the history of the Qara Khitai.
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Timokhin, Dmitriy M. "The phenomenon of late Qara-khitay historiography: Nasir ad-Din Munshi Kermani and his historical work." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 5 (2023): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080026514-2.
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Among the monuments of Muslim historiography several works can be distinguished, the authors of which build in their works a clear continuity between the Qutlugh Khanids dynasty that ruled within Kerman, whose founder was khajib Barak, and the previously existing Qara-Khitay power. In one of the earlier works, the author of this article called these Muslim writings «late Qara-Khitay historiography» and within the framework of the presented research I would like to substantiate the validity of such a statement. To do this, it is necessary to once again understand how and why Muslim historians distinguish the connection between khajib Barak and his successors, whether they label them «Qara-Khitay» and how else the connection between the Qutlugh Khanids and the Gur-Khans is distinguished. In addition, the author of the article intends to demonstrate the evolution of the description of the biography of Barak in several monuments of the XIII – XV in order to demonstrate clearly how Muslim authors cite new elements linking him with the Qara-Khitay, as well as his heirs. Undoubtedly, such a historiographical phenomenon should have an explanation, as well as the origin, that is, the author who initiated such a tradition. The author of this article comes to the conclusion that Nasir al-Din Munshi Kermani could have been the ancestor of this tradition in the historical work, which, «Simt al-'Ula lil-Khadra al-'Uliya», probably for the first time traces most of the markers that make it possible to link the Qutlugh Khanids dynasty with the Qara-Khitay state.
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Timokhin, Dmitry M. "Еще раз о кара-китаях в домонгольских мусульманских источниках на примере анонимного персидского сочинения 1133 г." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 14, no. 2 (August 10, 2022): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-2-371-382.
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Introduction. The article deals with the concept ‘Kara Khitai’ in Muslim historical writings. In particular, the paper examines a relatively well-known anonymous Persian-language text of 1133 containing valuable messages on the Kara Khitai invasion of East Turkestan. Goals. The study aims to analyze information about the Kara Khitai from the specified text and correlate the data with those traced in other 12th–13th century Muslim historical compositions. Materials and methods. The work considers a wide range of Muslim historical texts of both the pre-Mongol period and that of the Mongol invasion proper comprising data on the mentioned issues. And again, the anonymous Persian text of 1133 is integral to the collection of letters and documents first partially published by V. V. Bartold with the title ‘Insha’. This text narrates, in particular, that after the victorious campaign of Khwarazmshah Atsiz deep into Turkestan the latter would send fath-namehs — to receive a response from the ruler of Kashgar who was announcing his own victory over the ‘infidels’ led by a nameless leader referred to none other than ‘the One-Eyed’. A comparison of this message to later ones in Ibn al-Athir’s Al-Kāmil fī al-tārīkh (The Complete History) results in a convincing conclusion there is a connection between the two texts. As for the victory of Kashgar’s ruler over the Kara Khitai, that was rather a local success since those invaders were not only able to eventually conquer the region but also extended their power to the adjacent lands. Conclusions. A comparative analysis of the anonymous work included in the Insha collection and Ibn al-Athir’s text may suggest a preliminary implication the Arab historian had been familiar with the former narrative and, apparently, that was where he borrowed the image of ‘the One-Eyed’ ruler of the Kara Khitai. No other 12th century Muslim texts (synchronous with the Insha) mention the latter, nor historical works from the first quarter of the 13th century — which Ibn al-Athir could have turned to — contain anything of the kind.
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Selyutina, Iraida Ya. "Phonetic Aspects of the Turkic-Mongolian Language Contacts." Philology 19, no. 9 (2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-9-31-42.
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The purpose of the article is to identify traces of Turkic-Mongolian language contacts in the structural and taxonomic organization of consonant systems in the South Siberian Turkic languages and the Mongolian languages of Russia and the Mongolian People’s Republic. The work is based on the generalization of the results of long-term experimental phonetic studies obtained by Siberian linguists using a complex methodology that includes both linguistic methods of phonological analysis and objective methods of articulatory and acoustic phonetics. Instrumental data indicate significant structural and typological differences in the organization of Mongolian consonant systems, determined both by the processes of historical contact with the Turkic, Tungus-Manchu, and Ugro-Samoyed languages, and by the laws of immanent development. Khalkha-Mongolian and Kalmyk consonantism, which is based on a trichotomic opposition in articulatory tension (strong / weak / super-weak phonemes), is closer to the Tuva and Tofa languages – the South Siberian Turkic languages of the Sayan-Baikal branch of the Circum-Baikal language Union. This specificity can be considered as a result of the assimilating influence of the Mongolian ethnic groups on the previous Turkic-speaking population: by switching to the Mongolian language, the native Turks preserved their articulatory-acoustic base in it, focused on the relevance of the 3-step gradation of units according to the degree of tension. Another niche in the typological classification is occupied by the Hori-Buryat consonant system, structured by the binary opposition of weak and super-weak consonant phonemes. The unacceptability of highly stressed settings for the articulatory base of native speakers includes the Khori-Buryat language in one cluster with the Turkic languages of the Altai-Sayan branch of the Circum-Baikal language Union (Altai, Khakass) formed on the Ugro-Samoyed substrate. The Yakut language, which was heavily Mongolized during the ethnic fusion of the ancient Turks and Khidans, has a consonantal system with a basic orientation to the opposition on the additional vocal cords work (voiceless / voiced / sonorous), developed under the influence of active contacts with the Tungus-Manchu tribes and under the pressure of the Russian phonological system. Instrumental data show that the Turkic-Mongolian language community is heterogeneous in its composition and structure, and the obvious material and structural-typological proximity of the consonant systems of the Altaic group languages is the result of convergence, rather than divergence from a common root.
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Selyutina, Iraida Ya. "Phonetic Aspects of the Turkic-Mongolian Language Contacts." Philology 19, no. 9 (2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-9-31-42.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the article is to identify traces of Turkic-Mongolian language contacts in the structural and taxonomic organization of consonant systems in the South Siberian Turkic languages and the Mongolian languages of Russia and the Mongolian People’s Republic. The work is based on the generalization of the results of long-term experimental phonetic studies obtained by Siberian linguists using a complex methodology that includes both linguistic methods of phonological analysis and objective methods of articulatory and acoustic phonetics. Instrumental data indicate significant structural and typological differences in the organization of Mongolian consonant systems, determined both by the processes of historical contact with the Turkic, Tungus-Manchu, and Ugro-Samoyed languages, and by the laws of immanent development. Khalkha-Mongolian and Kalmyk consonantism, which is based on a trichotomic opposition in articulatory tension (strong / weak / super-weak phonemes), is closer to the Tuva and Tofa languages – the South Siberian Turkic languages of the Sayan-Baikal branch of the Circum-Baikal language Union. This specificity can be considered as a result of the assimilating influence of the Mongolian ethnic groups on the previous Turkic-speaking population: by switching to the Mongolian language, the native Turks preserved their articulatory-acoustic base in it, focused on the relevance of the 3-step gradation of units according to the degree of tension. Another niche in the typological classification is occupied by the Hori-Buryat consonant system, structured by the binary opposition of weak and super-weak consonant phonemes. The unacceptability of highly stressed settings for the articulatory base of native speakers includes the Khori-Buryat language in one cluster with the Turkic languages of the Altai-Sayan branch of the Circum-Baikal language Union (Altai, Khakass) formed on the Ugro-Samoyed substrate. The Yakut language, which was heavily Mongolized during the ethnic fusion of the ancient Turks and Khidans, has a consonantal system with a basic orientation to the opposition on the additional vocal cords work (voiceless / voiced / sonorous), developed under the influence of active contacts with the Tungus-Manchu tribes and under the pressure of the Russian phonological system. Instrumental data show that the Turkic-Mongolian language community is heterogeneous in its composition and structure, and the obvious material and structural-typological proximity of the consonant systems of the Altaic group languages is the result of convergence, rather than divergence from a common root.
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Prischepova, Valeria. "The MAE RAS Khiwan Collections of A. N. Samoilovich." Manuscripta Orientalia. International Journal for Oriental Manuscript Research 26, no. 2 (December 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1238-5018-2020-26-2-64-68.
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The expedition of academician Alexander Nikolaevich Samoylovich (1880—1938) to the Khanate of Khiwa in 1908 have been one of the most significant trips of Peter the Great's Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera). A. N. Samoylovich's activity on gathering ethnographic material has enriched the MAE item and photo collections related to the life of Khiwan population, the Uzbeks and the Turkmen. Unfortunately, little is known about the expedition itself, its organisation, its route, and the circumstances under which the field materials were collected. The Museum collections, together with the published works of the academician, helped reveal another facet of his talent — as ethnographer and collector. A. N. Samoylovich's Museum collections represent original material, which will allow to reconstruct the cultural situation in the Khanate of Khiwa of the beginning of the 20th century.
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Baioud, Gegentuul. "From Diversity to Homogeneity." Inner Asia 25, no. 1 (May 2, 2023): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-02501004.
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Abstract This article explores the shifting connotations of two key terms in propaganda texts on bilingual education policy in Inner Mongolia. The two terms are dumdadu-yin ündüsten (Ch.: Zhonghua minzu, Chinese nation) and ulus-un neidem hereglehü üge hel (Ch.: guojia tongyong yuyan, national common language). I examine how the meanings of these key terms have begun to shift as China strives to shed its multinational character and build a linguistically homogenous Chinese nation-state. The new prominence given to the term dumdadu-yin ündüsten (Chinese nation) and the gradual substitution of the terms neitelig hel (Ch.: putonghua) and khitad hel (Han language) with the term ulus-un neidem hereglehü üge hel (national common language) in propaganda texts in Inner Mongolia reflect and shape China’s changing policies on its borderlands. In this brief exploratory article, I underline how the Mongolian terms referring to the Chinese nation and national common language undergo shifts in their meanings as what sits at the very core of these terms – the Han – irrepressibly exposes itself and subsumes other meaning potentials.
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Wathani, Syamsul. "TRADISI AKADEMIK DALAM KHALAQAH TAFSI>R (Orientasi Semantik al-Qur’an Klasik alam Diskursus Hermeneutik)." MAGHZA: Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir 1, no. 1 (October 2, 2016): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/maghza.v1i1.699.
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This article discusses Qur’anic semantic within hermeneutic discourse. The classical interpretation of the Qur’an (I-IV H) are set to be the sobject matter to be discussed within the framework of hermeneutic. By doing so, the article is expected to contribute to give a new formulation about the classical interpretation discourse on the Qur’an. Besides, the article is also expected to discover the new theory about Qur’anic hermeneutic which operated in the sphere of text. The classical Qur’anic semantic has shown the contestation which not only dit it appear in the sphere of meaning (dilalah), but more deeply in played a dialecticsof language between oral notion (al-Qur’an/kalam) and the recipient (khitab al-Qur’an).
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Wathani, Syamsul. "TRADISI AKADEMIK DALAM KHALAQAH TAFSI>R (Orientasi Semantik al-Qur’an Klasik alam Diskursus Hermeneutik)." MAGHZA 1, no. 1 (October 2, 2016): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/mza.v1i1.2016.pp93-106.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses Qur’anic semantic within hermeneutic discourse. The classical interpretation of the Qur’an (I-IV H) are set to be the sobject matter to be discussed within the framework of hermeneutic. By doing so, the article is expected to contribute to give a new formulation about the classical interpretation discourse on the Qur’an. Besides, the article is also expected to discover the new theory about Qur’anic hermeneutic which operated in the sphere of text. The classical Qur’anic semantic has shown the contestation which not only dit it appear in the sphere of meaning (dilalah), but more deeply in played a dialecticsof language between oral notion (al-Qur’an/kalam) and the recipient (khitab al-Qur’an).
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Cao, Xinyun. "Development and Suggestions of Oroqen Ethnic Education in China: Based on the Current Situation of Oroqen Language Ecology." SHS Web of Conferences 168 (2023): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202316803019.
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The dilemma encountered in the development of the Oroqen language and culture is typical. The Oroqen language contains nomenclature terms and forms of expression for natural landscapes, natural phenomena, grasses, flowers and fruits, wild animals, etc. in the cold-temperate forest zone of northern China. The Oroqen language is the living corpus, thought bank and life bank of Greater & Lesser Khingan Mountains and Stanovoy Range in China. However, in the course of modernisation and the impact of powerful modern Chinese language, Oroqen language is seriously endangered. Therefore, it is crucial to establish scientific and effective conservation measures and development systems based on this situation. Based on the current situation and dilemmas of Oroqen language development and ethnic education in northern China, this paper focuses on the influencing factors and makes recommendations for school and government policies to promote Oroqen education and culture.
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Teeter, Emily. "Egyptian Stone Vessels: Khian through Tuthmosis IV. Christine Lilyquist." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 57, no. 4 (October 1998): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/468659.
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Sudaryanto, Sudaryanto. "Arabic: short history, field of usage, and vocabulary entered in the Indonesian language." Hortatori : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 1, no. 1 (July 25, 2019): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jh.v1i1.41.
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This essay discusses three fundamental issues about the Arabic language, which is (1) a brief history of the entry of Arabic to the Archipelago, (2) the field of use of the Arabic language, and (3) Arabic vocabulary that goes into Indonesian. At the end of the 15th Century AD, estimated Arabic brought by Arab traders, both derived from Hadramaut and of Persia. The use of Arabic in the field of Indonesian mostly related to religious life (Islam). As for the Arabic vocabulary that goes into Indonesian, among others, akhlak, amal, azab, akhirat, ayat, ilmu, ibadah, infak, insyaf, iman, imam, khilaf, khotbah, kitab, kalam, zaman, dan zina.
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Nasution, Sahkholid. "ITHQAN MAHARAT AL-LUGHAH AL-'ARABIYAH MIN KHILAL TADRIS AL-NAHW." Arabi : Journal of Arabic Studies 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v1i2.5.
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In some cases learning Nahwu was only stopped at the level of theory, yet its practice is still neglected. So many of the students mastered many nahwu theories but did not balance with the competence in listening, speaking, reading and writing in Arabic. It is true that learning Arabic is encouraged by nahwu, but the extent to which the model of Nahwu supports the language acquisition is questionable. Descriptive qualitative method was applied to deal with this research. The result showed that to master Arabic language through learning Nahwu, teachers should use al-Nahwu al-Wazhifi. Beside, they also can use this type of al-Nahwu al-'Ilmiy, giving examples of applicative and functional to complement existing examples in the book of al-Nahwu al-'Ilmi. In addition, because the books “al-Nahwu al-'Ilmy” had not been evaluated, teachers should develop aspects of evaluation by extending the exercise to hear, speak, read and write Arabic.
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Basyori, Ahmad, Imam Asrori, and Sutaman Sutaman. "Asalib Hadits Al-Muallim fi Ta’lim Maharah Al-Kalam: Dirasah Tahliliah fi Khitab Al-Fashl." An Nabighoh 25, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/an-nabighoh.v25i1.6527.
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The importance of teacher talk in Arabic-speaking learning is not only as a medium to organize the class and train the students. However, also a source of language acquisition and a means for achieving learning objectives. This research aims to: 1) explore the type of teacher talk modes in Arabic Speaking learning, 2) explore the most dominant type of teacher talk modes that occurs in Arabic Speaking learning. The researcher used a qualitative approach, and the type of this research is a case study. The methods of data collection are observation and interview. The results of this study indicate that: 1) All four types of teacher talk modes in the SETT framework (Managerial mode, Material mode, Skills and Systems mode and Classroom Context mode) occur in Arabic Speaking learning, and 2) The Managerial Mode is the most dominant type of teacher talk mode that occurs in Arabic-speaking.
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Amelia, Amelia, Guijiao Zou, and Lie Jie. "The Role of Student Organizations in Improving Arabic Language Achievement and Skills." Journal International of Lingua and Technology 1, no. 3 (July 14, 2023): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.55849/jiltech.v1i3.224.
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The problem that researchers get in organizations to improve Arabic skills is the lack of students who speak Arabic actively in the Institut Agama Islam Negeri Batusangkar campus environment. Where students still do not understand the rules in Arabic, especially in terms of mufradat, therefore researchers deliberately raise this as a problem in the current Institut Agama Islam Negeri Batusangkar student organization to improve student achievement and skills in Arabic. In this organization, researchers made the environment on campus into an Arabic-language environment which the organization calls Khimah Araby. Then every week, precisely on Friday morning, the student organization carries out a work program called Ihya’ul Araby. This article aims to develop b?’ahlughawiyyah conducted by the student association of the Arab Education Department of the Batusankar Islamic Institute. This research focussed on the bi’ah lughawiyyah model in terms of the purpose of bi’ah lughawiyyah, the form of activity, and the learning model of bi’ah lughawiyyah. This survey’s method is qualitative and uses the Google Forms method (questionnaire). Data analysis is carried out by questionnaire analysis. The result of this study shows that the b?’ah lughawiyyah development model is based on language learning objectives and curriculum objectives. The forms of activity are making learning modules, Nahwu Sharaf learning, Bia’ah Lughawiyyah, Ilq?’Mufrad?t, Muhadatsah, Monthly Insha’, Language Learning, Rihlah Lughawiyyah, Arts and Competitions (PARBARA). There are three learning models, namely the student learning model by the teacher, the student learning model by the tutor, and the student learning model by the student
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شريف, شيلان فتحي. "Supporting Semantic Meaning in The View of Kufa Grammarians." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 5, no. 4, 1 (August 31, 2022): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.5.4.1.18.
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The verbal factor occupied a wide field in linguistics, and the claim of Ibn Madha’a Al Qurtubi to dismiss it was one of the strongest responses to the grammarians. This research discusses the semantic factor that did not get enough attention, so I decided to approach it exclusively from the Kufi’s grammarian’s vision for flexibility purposes in the language ideology that needs some renewals occasionally. The parse symbols grabbed my attention while I was flipping between the pages of Arabic language books. These symbols appear with the Kufi’s’ parse without the verbal factor, meaning without explicit or implicit tools. This language phenomenon appeared in specific Kufi’s grammarian’s context that Basrans did not believe in. Basrans referred to it as implicit lexical. Two of the Kufi’s’ terms are “Sarf” and “Khilaf”. Some scholars are confused between them_as it will be discussed_ As the study tried to root each term and attribute it to its author, the details of each of them and its evidence from the Qur’anic verses and the speech of Arabs in poetry and prose, from the Arabic scholars the term came in the context of his words, and we have been accustomed to mentioning the position of the visuals in responding to the opinion of the Kufi’s by appreciating the verbal factor. And all of this required us to dedicate this study to the moral factor and be supportive for it for the Kufi’s. Research problem: The problem of the research is summarized in the presence of parse symbols that occur in issues of the Kufi’s grammar and the presence of a verbal factor that is without explicit or implicit tools. Also, there are not enough studies about this aspect. Research questions: 1. How to solve the problem of “Khilaf” in the semantic factor? 2. Did the Kufi’s decide to eventually convert from the factor theory? Research Purpose: Based on preceding information and questions, new goals and desires emerged to explain the following: 1. Practical promotion for the term “Semantic factor” 2. Explanation of the role of the semantic factor to explain some of the parse symbols. Research Importance: Achieve the expected goals of encouraging the linguistic medium to decrease the use of the verbal factor as Qutrub says: “ The speaker who will do Raff’a, Nasb, and Jarr. Research Methodology: The methodology used in the research is descriptive and analytic.
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Song, Mingjun. "The Research on Jades: Artistic Exchanges Between East Asia and Central Asia Along the Silk Road During the Western Liao Dynasty." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 24 (December 31, 2023): 704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/a33bgn86.
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The Silk Road, a historical network of trade routes connecting East Asia to Central Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, facilitated profound cultural exchanges, including the transfer of artistic concepts and creations. The Western Liao dynasty (Qara Khitai), reigning from 1124 to 1218 over territories including present-day Xinjiang, marked an era of significant political and cultural importance. During this period, a unique artistic style emerged, seamlessly blending Chinese and Central Asian influences. This paper investigates the artistic interactions between China and Central Asia during the Silk Road and the Western Liao dynasty era. We explore to what extent the Silk Road and the Western Liao dynasty facilitated these interactions, pinpointing contributing factors and examining their impact on art evolution. The analysis includes three cases of jade ware. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the artistic interactions between China and Central Asia during the Western Liao dynasty had a profound impact on both regions, leaving an enduring legacy. It underscores the interconnectedness of civilizations along the Silk Road and highlights the universal language of art, transcending boundaries to foster mutual understanding and cooperation. By exploring this shared history through art, we deepen our appreciation for the power of artistic expression to bridge gaps and connect diverse cultures across time and space.
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Pritantoro, Wendy Morrizha. "Tatbiq al-Adawat an-Nahwiyah li an-Nathiqin bi Ghairi al-‘Arabiyah min Khilal al-Kitab Bulugh al-Maram." International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching 2, no. 01 (June 24, 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v2i01.2078.
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This research is descriptive analysis, this study aims to propose methods of learning Al-adawatun Nahwiyah to the non-Arab students through the text in the book Bulugh al-Maram. The problem of this study is that most of the non-Arabic Arabic learners find it difficult to explain the meaning of Al-adawatun Nahwiyah, as well as its division, function of its position, its laws and their use. So this research is to provide the teaching of Al-Adawatun Nahwiyah for non-Arabic students through the hadiths contained in the book Bulughul maram and the function of Al-adawatun Nahwiyah, and this learning is expected to be able to provide solutions in understanding Arabic texts. And after the researcher analyzes this research, it can be concluded that understanding the aims of the words of the Arabs, because of the different types of writing, and the goals of the style of language from religious texts must know the meanings of Al-Adawatun Nahwiyah, because actually Al-Adawatun Nahwiyah is one of the most important parts of the Arabic language, because Al-Adawatun Nahwiyah has an accurate meaning and many uses.
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Ali, Sabir, Dr Shabir Ahmed, and Khawaja Arshid Ali. "A Historical background and distinguishing features of Ahkam-ul-Quran." Al Khadim Research journal of Islamic culture and Civilization 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53575/arjicc.v3.01(22)u2.10-17.
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Al-Jassas (370 305) AH/917 AD-AH/981 AD. full name Abu Bakr Aḥmad ibn ʿAli al-Razi al-Jassas was a Hanafite scholar,mostly known as the commentator of Al-Hassafs work on Qadi (jurisprudence). Ahkam-ul-Quran is an important book of Imam Abu Bakr al-Jassas. Ahkam-ul-Quran's study is of great significance as it marks the first attempt to assess the terminology and the norms of the Usul with a scientific method. Al-Fusus is divided into one hundred and five sections and it comprises four volumes but different publishers have combined 4 vol in two volumes. Almost all topics later involved in Usul books are examined by Jassas with the rational and narrated evidence in this special book. He provides a lot of significant information about the importance, power, and usage of the reason (Aqal) in Islamic thought. By drawing on the concept of the Aqal he is seen to have agreed with Mu'tazili view. The different opinions of Usul scholars have been widely investigated by Jassas in this work using a plain language. Imam Jassas employs a dialectical method to explain the ideas he prefers about a matter in dispute. The methodological approach taken in this study is similar to Shafi's in al-Risalah. However, Imam Jassas heavily criticizes Shafi under the following title of al-Fusul: Dalil al-Khitab, Bayan, and Nasikh.
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Raziq, Abdul, and Hafiz Amjad Hussain. "Exploring Nawab Siddique Hassan Khan's Quranic Contributions: An Examination of His Works on Quranic Studies." Journal of Religious and Social Studies 3, no. 02 Jul-Dec (December 28, 2023): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53583/jrss06.05.2023.
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The Quran, revered as the divine constitution revealed by Allah Almighty, serves as a guiding light for humanity. Throughout history, scholars from various regions and epochs have dedicated themselves to unravelling its profound essence through diligent research. The Tehreek-e-Fehm-e-Quran, initiated by Hazrat Shah Wali Ullah, catalysed interpretative and pedagogical efforts among contemporary writers in the Indian subcontinent. Among the stalwarts devoted to the Quranic cause, Nawab Siddique Hassan Khan stands out, having authored over 222 books, including seven seminal works on Quranic studies in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu languages. This thesis embarks on a comprehensive research and analytical exploration of Nawab Siddique Hassan's Quranic literature, encompassing his edited compilations of tafsir (exegesis), such as "Fatah-ul-Bayan-fi-Maqasid-il-Quran," "Tarjaman-ul-Quran-be-Lataif-il-Bayan," and "Nail-ul-Maram-min-Tafseer Ayat-il-Ahkam." Additionally, it delves into his works on Uloom-ul-Quran, including "Afadat-ul-Shuyukh be Miqdar al Nasikh wal Mansukh" and "Akseer fi Usool-e-Tafseer," as well as his partial exegeses like "Tazkeer ul Kul be Tafseer-il-Fateha wa Arba-e-Qul." Furthermore, it examines his discourse on the Dignity of Surahs of the Quran, as articulated in "Fasl-il-Khitab fi Fazl-il-Kitab”
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Hamdi, Alfi, Abdurrahman Hilabi, and Nazarudin Hanif. "Tashmim Al’ab Lughawiyah Li Ta’limi Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyah Lil Mubtadiin Min Khilal Al-Kalimati Al-Minangkabawiyah Dzatu Aslin ‘Arabi Fi Qomus ( Bahasa Indonesia – Minangkabau ) Min Harfi “ N “ Ila “ Z “." Mauriduna: Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 2 (November 28, 2021): 256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v2i2.513.
Full textAbstract:
الملخص
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى اكتشاف الكلمات المينانجكابوية ذات أصل عربي في قاموس (Bahasa Indonesia – Minangkabau) من حرف "N" إلى "Z"، وهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة تغير معنى الكلمات العربية بعد دخولها في اللغة المينانجكابوية مع تصميم ألعاب اللغوية من تلك الكلمات لمساعدة المبتدئين في تعليم اللغة العربية. الدراسات تكون بالمنهج الوصف التحليلي. وأثبت الباحث منها بوجود الكلمات المينانجكابوية ذات أصل عربي في قاموس (Bahasa Indonesia - Minangkabau) من حرف "N" إلى "Z" بلغ عددها ثلاثة وثمانون (83) كلمة. وتواصل الباحث إلى وجود التغيرات في الكلمات العربية بعد دخولها في اللغة المينانجكابوية إلى أربعة أقسام كما يتواصل الباحث إلى طرق تصميم ألعاب اللغوية من تلك الكلمات على حسب المهارات الأربع لمساعدة المبتدئين في تعليم اللغة العربية.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to point out absorbed Minangkabau Words from Arabic in “Bahasa Indonesia – Minangkabau“dictionary from the “N“ to “Z“, and to know meaning’s change from each words in Minangkabau language, and also the aim from this study is how to design language games from these words to help first grade students in their study for Arabic. The study is use method includes an analytical description. And the researcher proved presence of words Minangkabau of arab origin in dictionary (Bahasa Indonesia-Minangkabau) from letter “N” to “Z” reach eighty three (83) letter. And the reseach found meaning’s change when the words are absorbed from arabic to Minangkabau language, and these changes are in four types. And the research found methods of designing language games from these words to help first grade students in their study for Arabic, and these method are in the four language skills.
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Maulana, Anggi, and Hadil Ismail. "Tashmim Al’ab Lughawiyah Li Ta’limi Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyah Lil Mubtadiin Min Khilal Al-Kalimati Al-Minangkabawiyah Dzati Aslin ‘Arabi Fii Qomus ( Bahasa Indonesia – Minangkabau ) Min Harfi “ A “ ILA “ M “." Mauriduna: Journal of Islamic Studies 1, no. 2 (November 28, 2020): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v1i2.361.
Full textAbstract:
الملخص
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى اكتشاف الكلمات المينانجكابوية ذات أصل عربي في قاموس ( Bahasa Indonesia - Minangkabau ) من حرف " A " إلى " M ", وهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة تغير معنى الكلمات العربية بعد دخولها في اللغة المينانجكابوية, وهدفت إلى كيفية تصميم ألعاب اللغوية من تلك الكلمات لمساعدة المبتدئين في تعليم اللغة العربية.إن هذه الدراسات تدخل من ضمن البحث النوعي ويسمى كذلك بالمنهج الكيفي والمنهج الوصفي, واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في كتابة هذه الدراسة. وأثبت الباحث منها بوجود الكلمات المينانجكابوية ذات أصل عربي في قاموس ( Bahasa Indonesia - Minangkabau ) من حرف " A " إلى " M " وبلغ عددها مئة خمسة وستين ( 165 )كلمة. وتواصل الباحث إلى وجود التغيرات في الكلمات العربية بعد دخولها في اللغة المينانجكابوية إلى أربعة أقسام كما يتواصل الباحث إلى طرق تصميم ألعاب اللغوية من تلك الكلمات على حسب المهارات الأربع لمساعدة المبتدئين في تعليم اللغة العربية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: تصميم ألعاب اللغوية, الكلمات ذات أصل,تعليم اللغة العربية ,مينانجكابو
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to point out absorbed Minangkabau Words from Arabic in “ Bahasa Indonesia – Minangkabau “ dictionary from the “ A “ to “ M “, and to know meaning’s change from each words in Minangkabau language, and also the aim from this study is how to design language games from these words to help first grade students in their study for Arabic. This study is including in qualitative research and are also called qualitative and descriptive method. To write this study research used the descriptive analitycal method. And this study has proved absorbed Minangkabau words from arabic in ( Bahasa Indonesia – Minangkabau ) Dictionary from “ A “ to “ M “ and the number of these words is one hundred and sixty five ( 165 ) words. And the reseach found meaning’s change when the words are absorbed from arabic to Minangkabau language, and these changes are in four types. And the research found methods of designing language games from these words to help first grade students in their study for Arabic, and these method are in the four language skills.
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Wang, Yulang. "Discovery and the First Stage of the Study of the Hamajia Petroglyphs in the Greater Khingan Range (Northeast China)." Religiovedenie, no. 4 (2022): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/20728662_2022_4_5.
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Hinüber, Oskar. "Koskikallio, Petteri (Ed.): Epics, Khilas, and Purāṇas: Continuities and Ruptures. Proceedings of the Third Dubrovnik International Conference on the Sanskrit Epics and Purāṇas." Indo-Iranian Journal 50, no. 2 (June 2007): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10783-007-9050-1.
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Muliyawati, Harum, and Syirojul Huda. "Manhaj Muqtarah Fi Ta’lim Al-Lughah Al-Arabiyyah Min Khilal Al-Nazair Al-Mukhadiah Bayna Al-Kalimat Al-Indunisiah Wa Al-Kalimat Al-Arabiyyah Almutasilah Bi Al-Dhamair Fi Qamus Al-Lughah Al-Indunisiah Al-Kabir (Kbbi) Li Al-Indunisiyyin Al-Mubtadiin Min Har." Mauriduna: Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 2 (November 28, 2021): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v2i2.503.
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الملخص
المنهج هو أساس مهم من الأسس التي تقوم بها المدرسة في تعليمها. ويكون المنهج في هذه الدراسة هو التعلم وتعليم اللغة العربية من الكلمات ذات النظائر المخادعة. فهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تصميم المنهج لتعليم اللغة العربية من خلال الكلمات النظائر المخادعة بين الكلمات الإندونيسية والكلمات العربية المتصلة بالضمائر في قاموس اللغة الإندونيسية الكبير KBBI سهولة لمعلم ومتعلم اللغة العربية للإندونيسيين المبتدئين. ويحتوي المنهج على النص الحواري الذي ورد فيه بعض الكلمات ذات النظائر المخادعة بين الكلمات الإندونيسية والكلمات العربية المتصلة بالضمائر في قاموس اللغة الإندونيسية الكبير KBBI من حرف A إلى حرف N نموذجا. وكل من النصوص يتضمن فيها الأهداف، والمحتوى، وطريقة عرض الدرس، والوسيلة التعليمية، والتقويم.
Abstract
Learning a language is a very important process, and this process always requires a method for its simplicity. This study aimed to design a learning method in teaching Arabic through false friends between Indonesian and Arabic vocabulary that is connected with pronouns in the large Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) and to facilitate Arabic language teachers and or Indonesian speaking students in the learnin g process teaching. The method contains dialog texts in which several Indonesian words are spelled similarly to Arabic vocabulary related to pronouns in the large Indonesian dictionary KBBI from letter A to letter N. Each text includes the purpose, content, presentation of the lesson, teaching aids, and evaluations.
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SINAGA, KRISTIAN. "BENTUK PENYAJIAN DAN FUNGSI MUSIK DALAM UPACARA THAU CHIT PADA AGAMA KHONGHUCU DI YAYASAN BUDI MULIA KECAMATAN LUBUK PAKAM KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG." Grenek Music Journal 6, no. 2 (October 11, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/grenek.v6i2.10966.
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Presentation Form And Function In Ceremony Thau Music Chit On Confucian Religion inYayasan Budi Mulia Lubuk Pakam District of Deli Serdang. Faculty of Language and Art. StateUniversity of Medan. This study aims to determine rites Chit Thau, the usefulness of theinstrument, the form of presentation and function of music in Chit Thau ceremony at the Confucianreligion in Yayasan Budi Mulia Lubuk Pakam District of Deli Serdang. This study is based on atheoretical foundation that explains the sense of form, sense of presentation, understanding thefunction, understanding music, understanding, Thau ceremony Chit, and understanding ofConfucianism. This research was conducted at Yayasan Budi Mulia Lubuk pakam District of DeliSerdang in June to August 2015. The method in this research use descriptive qualitative researchmethods. The population in this study is saikong (prayer leaders), community, and musicians atthe ceremony Thau Chit Confucian Religion in Yayasan Budi Mulia Lubuk Pakam District of DeliSerdang, while samples totaling 28 people. Data collected through observation, interviews,documentation, and strudi literature. These results indicate that the rites Thau Chit divided intoeight parts, namely Huat Piau is cleaning the altar and sending letters to the god of hell. WangPai is a tribute to the gods of heaven. Old Phou is the process invites the god of the earth. TiauHun is the process of summoning spirits. Mong Ek is the process of bathing spirit. Iok Pai Wang isa tribute to the god of medicine. Sio Ui house burning spirit. And Koei Kio is the return of thespirit of the gods .. Uses istrument music at the ceremony Thau Confucianism is Choei Chit Khinand Er Hu as a carrier melody, as rithem drums, bells and la Bua carrier tempo. Form ofpresentation of the music at the ceremony Thau Chit Confucianism is divided into three parts,namely musical homage to the gods, notification to the spirit, and the spirit returns to music.There are three functions of the music at the ceremony Thau Chit Confucianism, which is afunction of aesthetic pleasure and emotional expression, communication function and endorsementof religious rituals and functions contributes to the continuity and stability of culture.
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Atik, Kubilay. "A Review of Khitan Language Materials." Şarkiyat Mecmuası - Journal of Oriental Studies, no. 38 (April 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jos.842105.
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Apatóczky, Ákos Bertalan. "Kitan szavak listája Ligeti Lajos MTA-ra hagyott jegyzeteiben." Távol-keleti Tanulmányok 11, no. 2019/2 (October 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.38144/tkt.2019.2.2.
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The late Professor Louis Ligeti was one of the most influential scholars of the 20th century in the fields of Altaic historical linguistics and many others. Ligeti’s personal scholarly notes, according to the provisions of his will, were deposited in the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS) and were not released for 40 years. In 2018 a special research team of the HAS of Linguistics and Literary Scholarship Section was established to process the contents of the more than 70 large cardboard boxes. This study introduces a segment of his notes on deciphering the Khitan language, dealing with numerals, and offers insights into the current opinion of scholars whenever it varies from Ligeti’s. Minor corrections to the readings of Khitan ‘one’ as well as to the name of the ‘Old(er) Khitan State’ are also suggested.
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Astari, Rika. "Analisis Kontrastif Konsep Verba Dan Nomina Verba Dalam Nahwu Basrah Dan Kufah." LISANIA: Journal of Arabic Education and Literature 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/lisania.v1i1.36.
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The aim of this research is to explore the concept of verb and verbal noun according to Basrah and Kufah schools of nahwu, and then to reveal differences and similarities of the concepts within Arabic Language in accordance to both schools. The research data consist of principle rules in nahwu of Basrah and Kufah which are selected from the book entitled al-Insaf fi Masail al-Khilaf. So, the source of primary data in the research is sort of the written ones. The method used for analyzing data is distribution method in which determination instrument is taken from the language itself with basic technique of elements direct distribution. The result concludes that differences of verb and verbal noun concept are that derivations of active participle (ism fa’il), passive participle (isim maful), nomina loci et temporaris (ism makan wa ism zaman), and instrumental noun (ism alat) are based on verb and not from verbal noun. There are many stipulations required before functionalization of verbal noun, the subject of verbal noun may be elided in contrast with the subject of verb when being elided will cause multi-meaning. The meanings included in verb are more various than that in verbal noun. Conjugations take place in verb in its perfect, imperfect and imperative forms while verbal noun has no conjugation. Whereas some similarities found are that verb has time meaning and generality is needed in using it as well as verbal noun. Keywords: Verba, Verbal Noun, nahwu Basrah, nahwu Kufuh
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Muxtarov, Bekzodbek. "XI-XII CENTURIES UNIQUE METHODS OF WORKS ON HANAFI FIQH WRITTEN IN MAWARANNAHR." Light of Islam, March 31, 2022, 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.47980/iiau/2022/1/11.
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The XI-XII centuries are the golden age of the development of jurisprudence in Transoxiana. The science furu’ fl-fiqh is the second major branch of Hanafi jurisprudence. It consists of practical rulings based on the rules established in the science of usul al-fiqh and contains the Sharia evidence of the mujtahids, and fatwas issued on their basis. The rulings arrange in the form of topic-based texts. The language is easy and popular, considering the conditions of time and space, issues and fatwas introduced, and the rulings of madhabs compared. During this period, about 50 famous works in the usul and furu’ al-fiqh of Hanafi jurisprudence in specific genres like matn, jadal, khilaf, ahkam, faraid, shurut, adab al-qadi, hiyal, siyar, ihtisab, and fatwas were written in the country. In the XI-XII centuries, the methodology of jurisprudential sources served as the basis for the writing of later works. In particular, on the science of furu al-fiqh: Mukhtasar alQuduri by Abu al-Husayn Quduri, Khizana al-fiqh by Abu Lays Samarkandi, al-Mabsut by Imam Sarakhsi, Tuhfat alfuqaha by Alauddin Samarkandi, Badoe as-Sanoe fi Tartib ash-Sharoe by Alauddin Qasani, Bidayat al-Mubtadi and al-Hidaya Sharh al-bidaya by Burhanuddin Marginani and al-Fiqh an-nafi by Nasiruddin Samarkandi were also written during this period. Reliable sources of the jurisprudence of the Hanafi School were written by leading scholars in their field in the XI-XII centuries in Transoxiana. We can describe these works as free of weak narrations, free of mention of evidence, and documents, easy to read and memorize. At the same time, they have information on the jurisprudential differences among the various madhabs. It is essential to form the ability to understand the jurisprudential is The article has researched the works on Hanafi jurisprudence written in Transoxiana, their genre, methods, specific approaches of the authors, and their role in the development of Hanafi jurisprudence.