Journal articles: 'KFDV'

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Kandagalla, Shivananda, Bhimanagoud Kumbar, and Jurica Novak. "Structural Modifications Introduced by NS2B Cofactor Binding to the NS3 Protease of the Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (June 30, 2023): 10907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310907.

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Kyasanur Forest Disease virus (KFDV), a neglected human pathogenic virus, is a Flavivirus that causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. KFDV is transmitted to humans by the bite of the hard tick (Haemaphysalis spinigera), which acts as a reservoir of KFDV. The recent expansion of the endemic area of KFDV is of concern and requires the development of new preventive measures against KFDV. Currently, there is no antiviral therapy against KFDV, and the existing vaccine has limited efficacy. To develop a new antiviral therapy against KFDV, we focused on the nonstructural proteins NS2B and NS3 of KFDV, which are responsible for serine protease activity. Viral proteases have shown to be suitable therapeutic targets in the development of antiviral drugs against many diseases. However, success has been limited in flaviviruses, mainly because of the important features of the active site, which is flat and highly charged. In this context, the present study focuses on the dynamics of NS2B and NS3 to identify potential allosteric sites in the NS2B/NS3 protease of KDFV. To our knowledge, there are no reports on the dynamics of NS2B and NS3 in KFDV, and the crystal structure of the NS2B/NS3 protease of KFDV has not yet been solved. Overall, we created the structure of the NS2B/NS3 protease of KFDV using AlphaFold and performed molecular dynamics simulations with and without NS2B cofactor to investigate structural rearrangements due to cofactor binding and to identify alternative allosteric sites. The identified allosteric site is promising due to its geometric and physicochemical properties and druggability and can be used for new drug development. The applicability of the proposed allosteric binding sites was verified for the best-hit molecules from the virtual screening and MD simulations.

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Broeckel, Rebecca M., Friederike Feldmann, Kristin L. McNally, Abhilash I. Chiramel, Gail L. Sturdevant, Jacqueline M. Leung, Patrick W. Hanley, et al. "A pigtailed macaque model of Kyasanur Forest disease virus and Alkhurma hemorrhagic disease virus pathogenesis." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): e1009678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009678.

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Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) and the closely related Alkhurma hemorrhagic disease virus (AHFV) are emerging flaviviruses that cause severe viral hemorrhagic fevers in humans. Increasing geographical expansion and case numbers, particularly of KFDV in southwest India, class these viruses as a public health threat. Viral pathogenesis is not well understood and additional vaccines and antivirals are needed to effectively counter the impact of these viruses. However, current animal models of KFDV pathogenesis do not accurately reproduce viral tissue tropism or clinical outcomes observed in humans. Here, we show that pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) infected with KFDV or AHFV develop viremia that peaks 2 to 4 days following inoculation. Over the course of infection, animals developed lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes. Infected animals exhibited hallmark signs of human disease characterized by a flushed appearance, piloerection, dehydration, loss of appetite, weakness, and hemorrhagic signs including epistaxis. Virus was commonly present in the gastrointestinal tract, consistent with human disease caused by KFDV and AHFV where gastrointestinal symptoms (hemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhea) are common. Importantly, RNAseq of whole blood revealed that KFDV downregulated gene expression of key clotting factors that was not observed during AHFV infection, consistent with increased severity of KFDV disease observed in this model. This work characterizes a nonhuman primate model for KFDV and AHFV that closely resembles human disease for further utilization in understanding host immunity and development of antiviral countermeasures.

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Shah, Keerti V., Chandu N. Dandawate, and Pravin N. Bhatt. "Kyasanur forest disease virus: viremia and challenge studies in monkeys with evidence of cross-protection by Langat virus infection." F1000Research 1 (December 7, 2012): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.1-61.v1.

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Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus (KFDV), discovered in 1957, is a member of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) complex. Diseases caused by members of the TBEV complex occur in many parts of the world. KFDV produces a hemorrhagic fever in humans in South India and fatal illnesses in both species of monkeys in the area, the black faced langur (Presbytis entellus) and the bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata). Experimental infection of the langur and the bonnet macaque with early mouse passage KFDV strain P9605 resulted in a viremia of up to 11 days duration, peak viremia titers as high as 109, and death in 82 = 100% of the animals. Prolonged passage of the KFDV strain P9605 in monkey kidney tissue culture resulted in a markedly reduced virulence of the virus for both species; peak viremia titers in monkeys decreased by 2.5 to 4.0 log LD 50 (p= 0.001), and the mortality decreased to 10% (p= 0.001). In challenge experiments, monkeys previously infected with tissue-culture-adapted KFDV, or with the related Langat virus from Malaysia, were fully protected against virulent KFDV. These studies in non-human primates lend support to the idea that a live virus vaccine from a member of the TBEV complex may be broadly protective against infections by other members of the TBEV complex.

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Bhatia, Bharti, Heinz Feldmann, and Andrea Marzi. "Kyasanur Forest Disease and Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus—Two Neglected Zoonotic Pathogens." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (September 12, 2020): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091406.

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Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) and Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) are tick-borne flaviviruses that cause life-threatening hemorrhagic fever in humans with case fatality rates of 3–5% for KFDV and 1–20% for AHFV, respectively. Both viruses are biosafety level 4 pathogens due to the severity of disease they cause and the lack of effective countermeasures. KFDV was discovered in India and is restricted to parts of the Indian subcontinent, whereas AHFV has been found in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. In recent years, both viruses have spread beyond their original endemic zones and the potential of AHFV to spread through ticks on migratory birds is a public health concern. While there is a vaccine with limited efficacy for KFDV used in India, there is no vaccine for AHFV nor are there any therapeutic concepts to combat infections with these viruses. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about pathogenesis, vector distribution, virus spread, and infection control. We aim to bring attention to the potential public health threats posed by KFDV and AHFV and highlight the urgent need for the development of effective countermeasures.

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Burthe, Sarah J., Stefanie M. Schäfer, Festus A. Asaaga, Natrajan Balakrishnan, Mohammed Mudasssar Chanda, Narayanaswamy Darshan, Subhash L. Hoti, et al. "Reviewing the ecological evidence base for management of emerging tropical zoonoses: Kyasanur Forest Disease in India as a case study." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): e0009243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009243.

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Zoonoses disproportionately affect tropical communities and are associated with human modification and use of ecosystems. Effective management is hampered by poor ecological understanding of disease transmission and often focuses on human vaccination or treatment. Better ecological understanding of multi-vector and multi-host transmission, social and environmental factors altering human exposure, might enable a broader suite of management options. Options may include “ecological interventions” that target vectors or hosts and require good knowledge of underlying transmission processes, which may be more effective, economical, and long lasting than conventional approaches. New frameworks identify the hierarchical series of barriers that a pathogen needs to overcome before human spillover occurs and demonstrate how ecological interventions may strengthen these barriers and complement human-focused disease control. We extend these frameworks for vector-borne zoonoses, focusing on Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus (KFDV), a tick-borne, neglected zoonosis affecting poor forest communities in India, involving complex communities of tick and host species. We identify the hierarchical barriers to pathogen transmission targeted by existing management. We show that existing interventions mainly focus on human barriers (via personal protection and vaccination) or at barriers relating to Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) vectors (tick control on cattle and at the sites of host (monkey) deaths). We review the validity of existing management guidance for KFD through literature review and interviews with disease managers. Efficacy of interventions was difficult to quantify due to poor empirical understanding of KFDV–vector–host ecology, particularly the role of cattle and monkeys in the disease transmission cycle. Cattle are hypothesised to amplify tick populations. Monkeys may act as sentinels of human infection or are hypothesised to act as amplifying hosts for KFDV, but the spatial scale of risk arising from ticks infected via monkeys versus small mammal reservoirs is unclear. We identified 19 urgent research priorities for refinement of current management strategies or development of ecological interventions targeting vectors and host barriers to prevent disease spillover in the future.

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Yadav, Pooja, Shashi Sharma, Paban Kumar Dash, Suman Dhankher, Sandhya V. K., and S. K. Kiran. "Dry- down probe free qPCR for detection of KFD in resource limited settings." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (May 10, 2023): e0284559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284559.

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Kyasanur Forest Disease is a tick-borne flavivirus is endemic in the Southern India. The recent expansion and resurgence of sporadic outbreaks in southern parts of country is the most important concern. Although only formalin inactivated vaccine is available for treatment with limited efficacy the early detection and timely identification is a only way to prevent spread of cases. If the disease can be identified prior to infection in humans like in forest areas from ticks and vectors the disease spread supposed to be managed quickly. Here we have standardized a single tube ready to use dry-down probe free real time RT-PCR targeted against virus envelope gene for detection of KFDV infection. The assay was standardized in liquid format first, later it was converted into dry-down format with addition of stabilizers with a similar sensitivity and specificity (10RNA Copies/rxn). The sensitivity was comparable to the most widely used and accepted diagnostic platform i.e. TaqMan qRT-PCR. However as the reported assay here omit the need of probes makes it cost effective and dry-down reagents makes more stability to the developed assay in this study if compare to TaqMan qPCR. The assay was evaluated with KFD positive samples and healthy sample panel which revealed high concordance with TaqMan qRT-PCR. Stability was unaffected by temperature fluctuations during transportation even in cold chain free conditions, thus reduce the maintenance of strict cold storage. These findings demonstrated that the reported assay is convenient with 100% sensitivity and specificity to TaqMan qPCR. Thus this assay has the potential usefulness for diagnosis KFDV for routine surveillance in resource limited laboratory settings omitting the use costly and heat sensitive TaqMan qRT-PCR reagents without compromising the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis assay.

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Carpio, Kassandra L., Jill K. Thompson, Steven G. Widen, Jennifer K. Smith, Terry L. Juelich, David E. Clements, Alexander N. Freiberg, and Alan D. T. Barrett. "Differences in Genetic Diversity of Mammalian Tick-Borne Flaviviruses." Viruses 15, no. 2 (January 19, 2023): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020281.

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The genetic diversities of mammalian tick-borne flaviviruses are poorly understood. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to deep sequence different viruses and strains belonging to this group of flaviviruses, including Central European tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV-Eur), Far Eastern TBEV (TBEV-FE), Langat (LGTV), Powassan (POWV), Deer Tick (DTV), Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFDV), Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever (AHFV), and Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHFV) viruses. DTV, AHFV, and KFDV had the lowest genetic diversity, while POWV strains LEIV-5530 and LB, OHFV, TBEV-Eur, and TBEV-FE had higher genetic diversities. These findings are compatible with the phylogenetic relationships between the viruses. For DTV and POWV, the amount of genetic diversity could be explained by the number of tick vector species and amplification hosts each virus can occupy, with low diversity DTV having a more limited vector and host pool, while POWV with higher genetic diversities has been isolated from different tick species and mammals. It is speculated that high genetic diversity may contribute to the survival of the virus as it encounters these different environments.

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Flint, Mike, Laura K. McMullan, Kimberly A. Dodd, Brian H. Bird, Marina L. Khristova, Stuart T. Nichol, and Christina F. Spiropoulou. "Inhibitors of the Tick-Borne, Hemorrhagic Fever-Associated Flaviviruses." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 6 (March 24, 2014): 3206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02393-14.

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ABSTRACTNo antiviral therapies are available for the tick-borne flaviviruses associated with hemorrhagic fevers: Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV), both classical and the Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) subtype, and Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV). We tested compounds reported to have antiviral activity against members of theFlaviviridaefamily for their ability to inhibit AHFV replication. 6-Azauridine (6-azaU), 2′-C-methylcytidine (2′-CMC), and interferon alpha 2a (IFN-α2a) inhibited the replication of AHFV and also KFDV, OHFV, and Powassan virus. The combination of IFN-α2a and 2′-CMC exerted an additive antiviral effect on AHFV, and the combination of IFN-α2a and 6-azaU was moderately synergistic. The combination of 2′-CMC and 6-azaU was complex, being strongly synergistic but with a moderate level of antagonism. The antiviral activity of 6-azaU was reduced by the addition of cytidine but not guanosine, suggesting that it acted by inhibiting pyrimidine biosynthesis. To investigate the mechanism of action of 2′-CMC, AHFV variants with reduced susceptibility to 2′-CMC were selected. We used a replicon system to assess the substitutions present in the selected AHFV population. A double NS5 mutant, S603T/C666S, and a triple mutant, S603T/C666S/M644V, were more resistant to 2′-CMC than the wild-type replicon. The S603T/C666S mutant had a reduced level of replication which was increased when M644V was also present, although the replication of this triple mutant was still below that of the wild type. The S603 and C666 residues were predicted to lie in the active site of the AHFV NS5 polymerase, implicating the catalytic center of the enzyme as the binding site for 2′-CMC.

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Dodd, Kimberly A., Brian H. Bird, Marina L. Khristova, César G. Albariño, Serena A. Carroll, James A. Comer, Bobbie R. Erickson, Pierre E. Rollin, and Stuart T. Nichol. "Ancient Ancestry of KFDV and AHFV Revealed by Complete Genome Analyses of Viruses Isolated from Ticks and Mammalian Hosts." PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5, no. 10 (October 4, 2011): e1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001352.

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Thashanamoorthy, G., and S. Ramalingam. "EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT ENVELOPE DOMAIN III PROTEIN IN PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC HOST SYSTEM FOR THE FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE VIRUS (KFDV)." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 130 (May 2023): S91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.226.

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NASSAR, HAMED, GHADA EL-TAWEEL, and EMAN MAHMOUD. "A NOVEL FEATURE EXTRACTION SCHEME FOR HUMAN GAIT RECOGNITION." International Journal of Image and Graphics 10, no. 04 (October 2010): 575–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467810003895.

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With the increasing demand of visual surveillance systems, human recognition at a distance has gained extensive research interest. Gait is a potential behavioral feature to identify humans based on their motion. This paper describes a new scheme for extracting and selecting features from the gait of a human for recognition. The scheme combines both Key Fourier Descriptors (KFDs) and principal component analysis (PCA) techniques. This leads to a strength in reducing feature space by KFD, and increasing accuracy by PCA. Also, it is shown that the proposed scheme leads to a higher correct classification rate than schemes that depend on KFD alone or PCA alone.

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Gao, Jian-Qiang, Li-Ya Fan, Li Li, and Li-Zhong Xu. "A practical application of kernel-based fuzzy discriminant analysis." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 887–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amcs-2013-0066.

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Abstract A novel method for feature extraction and recognition called Kernel Fuzzy Discriminant Analysis (KFDA) is proposed in this paper to deal with recognition problems, e.g., for images. The KFDA method is obtained by combining the advantages of fuzzy methods and a kernel trick. Based on the orthogonal-triangular decomposition of a matrix and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), two different variants, KFDA/QR and KFDA/SVD, of KFDA are obtained. In the proposed method, the membership degree is incorporated into the definition of between-class and within-class scatter matrices to get fuzzy between-class and within-class scatter matrices. The membership degree is obtained by combining the measures of features of samples data. In addition, the effects of employing different measures is investigated from a pure mathematical point of view, and the t-test statistical method is used for comparing the robustness of the learning algorithm. Experimental results on ORL and FERET face databases show that KFDA/QR and KFDA/SVD are more effective and feasible than Fuzzy Discriminant Analysis (FDA) and Kernel Discriminant Analysis (KDA) in terms of the mean correct recognition rate.

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Li, Hong Mei, Dong Ming Zhou, Ren Can Nie, Xiang Li, and Hai Ying Deng. "Face Recognition Using KPCA and KFDA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 3850–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.3850.

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KPCA extracting principal component with nonlinear method is an improved PCA. The KPCA can extract the feature set which is more suitable in categorization than the conventional PCA. The method of KFDA is equivalent to KPCA plus LDA. KPCA is first performed and then LDA is used for a second feature extraction in the KPCA-transformed space. The KPCA and KFDA have been got widely used in feature extraction and face recognition. In this paper, the method of KPCA and KFDA is analyzed and their nature is revealed. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified using the ORL database.

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Wu, Xiao Hong, Wen Jie Xu, Bin Wu, and Sheng Wei Qiu. "Apple Grading Using Principal Component Analysis and Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis Combined with NIR Spectroscopy." Advanced Materials Research 710 (June 2013): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.710.529.

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Principal component analysis (PCA) and kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA) were applied to grade Fuji apples combined with near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy. Firstly, PCA was used to reduce the dimensionality of NIR spectra acquired by the Antaris II FT-NIR spectrophotometer on apples. Secondly, nonlinear discriminant information was extracted by kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA). Finally, the k-nearest neighbors algorithm with leave one out strategy was utilized to classify apple samples into two grades. LDA can only solve linearly separable problems, and it is not suitable in solving some nonlinear problems. But unlike LDA, KFDA can solve nonlinearly separable problems, and it projects data onto a high-dimensional feature space by the nonlinear mapping. Experimental results showed that KFDA achieved higher classification rate compared with LDA.

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Luo, Dejiang, and Aijiang Liu. "Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis Based on a Regularized Method for Multiclassification and Application in Lithological Identification." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/384183.

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This study aimed to construct a kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA) method from well logs for lithology identification purposes. KFDA, via the use of a kernel trick, greatly improves the multiclassification accuracy compared with Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA). The optimal kernel Fisher projection of KFDA can be expressed as a generalized characteristic equation. However, it is difficult to solve the characteristic equation; therefore, a regularized method is used for it. In the absence of a method to determine the value of the regularized parameter, it is often determined based on expert human experience or is specified by tests. In this paper, it is proposed to use an improved KFDA (IKFDA) to obtain the optimal regularized parameter by means of a numerical method. The approach exploits the optimal regularized parameter selection ability of KFDA to obtain improved classification results. The method is simple and not computationally complex. The IKFDA was applied to theIrisdata sets for training and testing purposes and subsequently to lithology data sets. The experimental results illustrated that it is possible to successfully separate data that is nonlinearly separable, thereby confirming that the method is effective.

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Rajagopalan, PK. "Ebola, KFD and Bats." Journal of Communicable Diseases 51, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.201939.

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Scott, Gregory D., Jyoti Kumar, Jean S. Oak, Scott D. Boyd, Philipp W. Raess, and Dita A. Gratzinger. "Histology-Independent Signature Distinguishes Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease/Systemic Lupus Erythematosus–Associated Lymphadenitis From Benign and Malignant Lymphadenopathies." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, no. 2 (May 5, 2020): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa036.

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Abstract Objectives Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are benign entities with histologic features that raise concern about malignancy and infection. We searched for a histology-independent KFD/SLE signature relying on only immunophenotype and basic clinical characteristics. Methods A histology-independent KFD/SLE signature was generated using 975 excised lymph nodes with flow immunophenotyping, including 16 cases of KFD/SLE. This signature was then evaluated in 1,198 fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. Results The top flow cytometry discriminant for KFD/SLE was uniform CD38+ expression on CD19+ events. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated nodules of IgD+, IgM− B cells surrounding necrotizing and activated T-cell areas. A signature combining 6 flow cytometry criteria with age and sample site had a positive predictive value of 88% for KFD/SLE, which had a prevalence of 1.6%. All 4 signature-positive FNA cases with follow-up excision were KFD/SLE. At a second institution, 4 of 5 KFD/SLE cases passed the top discriminant. Conclusions A flow cytometry signature combined with age and biopsy site identifies KFD/SLE independent of histology, suggesting a shared immune composition and independently confirming that KFD/SLE represents a distinct entity. Unexpectedly, an IgD+CD38+ small B-cell population is a distinctive feature of KFD/SLE, suggesting a possible pathologic role for anergic/autoreactive B cells.

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Zhou, Xuhui, Wenlong Li, Hao Wang, Chunzhu Li, and Hong Jiang. "Safety and Efficacy of Ketamine-Fentanyl-Dexmedetomidine-Induced Anesthesia and Analgesia in Neonatal and Aged Rats." Dose-Response 19, no. 4 (October 2021): 155932582110639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15593258211063987.

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The efficiency of many anesthetic regimens is controversial, with side effects especially in the vulnerable children and old population. The study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-dose combination of ketamine, fentanyl, and dexmedetomidine (KFD) for anesthesia and analgesia in the neonatal and elderly rats. KFD rapidly induced anesthesia and analgesia in either postnatal days 6 (P6) or 13 months (13M) old rats. Meanwhile, KFD administration had no adverse effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Compared with control group, there were no distinct morphologic changes in kidney, liver, and brain in KFD group. Moreover, administration of KFD had no influence on hepatic and renal function in rats of both ages. Furthermore, there was no obvious difference in cognitive function between control and KFD groups. These results indicated that the administration of KFD combination offered safe and efficient anesthesia. Collectively, our results suggest the potential implication of the KFD combination in anesthesia management.

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Masiak, Anna, Amanda Lass, Jacek Kowalski, Adam Hajduk, and Zbigniew Zdrojewski. "Self-limiting COVID‐19-associated Kikuchi‐Fujimoto disease with heart involvement: case-based review." Rheumatology International 42, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-05088-8.

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Abstract Background The association between COVID-19 infection and the development of autoimmune diseases is currently unknown, but there are already reports presenting induction of different autoantibodies by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Kikuchi-Fuimoto disease (KFD) as a form of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis of unknown origin. Objective Here we present a rare case of KFD with heart involvement after COVID-19 infection. To our best knowledge only a few cases of COVID-19-associated KFD were published so far. Based on presented case, we summarize the clinical course of KFD and its association with autoimmune diseases, as well we discuss the potential causes of perimyocarditis in this case. Methods We reviewed the literature regarding cases of “Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD)” and “COVID-19” and then “KFD” and “heart” or “myocarditis” by searching medical journal databases written in English in PubMed and Google Scholar. Results Only two cases of KFD after COVID infection have been described so far. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 infection can also be a new, potential causative agent of developing KFD.

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Nelson, Nya D., Wenzhao Meng, Aaron M. Rosenfeld, Susan Bullman, Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu, Jason L. Nomburg, Gerald B. Wertheim, et al. "Characterization of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, Microbial Sequences, and Identification of a Candidate Public T-Cell Clone in Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 24, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1093526620987961.

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Objectives Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a self-limited lymphadenitis of unclear etiology. We aimed to further characterize this disease in pediatric patients, including evaluation of the CD123 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and investigation of potential immunologic and infectious causes. Methods Seventeen KFD cases and 12 controls were retrospectively identified, and the histologic and clinical features were evaluated. CD123 IHC staining was quantified by digital image analysis. Next generation sequencing was employed for comparative microbial analysis via RNAseq (5 KFD cases) and to evaluate the immune repertoire (9 KFD cases). Results In cases of lymphadenitis with necrosis, >0.85% CD123+ cells by IHC was found to be six times more likely in cases with a final diagnosis of KFD (sensitivity 75%, specificity 87.5%). RNAseq based comparative microbial analysis did not detect novel or known pathogen sequences in KFD. A shared complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) sequence and use of the same T-cell receptor beta variable region family was identified in KFD LNs but not controls, and was not identified in available databases. Conclusions: Digital quantification of CD123 IHC can distinguish KFD from other necrotizing lymphadenitides. The presence of a unique shared CDR3 sequence suggests that a shared antigen underlies KFD pathogenesis.

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Choi, Jong-Kyu, Oh-Yun Kwon, and Seung-Ho Lee. "Kaempferide Prevents Photoaging of Ultraviolet-B Irradiated NIH-3T3 Cells and Mouse Skin via Regulating the Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Signalings." Antioxidants 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12010011.

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Kaempferide (KFD) is a naturally occurring flavonoid that exists in various medicinal plants. The pharmaceutical properties of KFD, including its anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects, have been noted, but the effects of KFD on photoaging and their underlying molecular mechanism have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of KFD on Ultraviolet-B (UVB)-mediated photoaging processes using in vitro and in vivo photoaging model systems. The topical administration of KFD on mouse dorsal areas suppressed UVB-mediated wrinkle formation and epidermal thickening. In addition, the UVB-mediated reduction of dermal collagen content, which was estimated by Masson’s trichrome staining, was recovered through KFD treatments. Furthermore, we found that UVB-induced abnormal values of procollagen type-1 (COL1A1), metalloproteinases (MMP-1a and MMP-3) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, MCP-3 and IL-6) on mouse skin tissue as well as NIH-3T3 cells was recovered through KFD treatment. The administration of KFD to NIH-3T3 cells suppressed the UVB-mediated upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT phosphorylation. Furthermore, the treatment of ROS inhibitor restored the UVB-induced MAPKs and AKT phosphorylation as well as the abnormal expression of photoaging related genes. These findings indicate that KFD can attenuate UVB-induced ROS elevation to elicit anti-photoaging activity. Taken together, our data suggest that KFD could be developed as a potential natural anti-photoaging agent.

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Herdiyana, Deni. "ANALISIS DATA PETA KAPASITAS FISKAL DAERAH." Jurnal Pajak dan Keuangan Negara (PKN) 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31092/jpkn.v1i1.610.

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The study was conducted to process and analyze the Regional Financial Ability (KKD) map data. The design of this research uses descriptive qualitative through desk study with a deepening of various laws and regulations and the processing of secondary data at the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, Ministry of Finance.The results of the study concluded that the factors that most influenced the Regional Fiscal Capacity Map (KFD) for the provinces were PAD and DBH while for districts / cities were PAD, DAU, and DBH. In general, regions that have a high proportion of PAD / DBH to income have a high KFD Index, while regions with a low KFD Index generally have a low PAD. For provincial governments that have a low KFD Index, most (> 50%) districts / cities in their regions have a low KFD Index, while for provinces that have a high KFD Index, it does not necessarily mean that most districts / cities in the region have a high KFD Index.

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Bo, Liefeng, Ling Wang, and Licheng Jiao. "Feature Scaling for Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis Using Leave-One-Out Cross Validation." Neural Computation 18, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 961–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2006.18.4.961.

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Kernel fisher discriminant analysis (KFD) is a successful approach to classification. It is well known that the key challenge in KFD lies in the selection of free parameters such as kernel parameters and regularization parameters. Here we focus on the feature-scaling kernel where each feature individually associates with a scaling factor. A novel algorithm, named FS-KFD, is developed to tune the scaling factors and regularization parameters for the feature-scaling kernel. The proposed algorithm is based on optimizing the smooth leave-one-out error via a gradient-descent method and has been demonstrated to be computationally feasible. FS-KFD is motivated by the following two fundamental facts: the leave-one-out error of KFD can be expressed in closed form and the step function can be approximated by a sigmoid function. Empirical comparisons on artificial and benchmark data sets suggest that FS-KFD improves KFD in terms of classification accuracy.

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Selivanov, M., L. Turgunova, A. Zinchenko, and O. Bruner. "KIKUCHI-FUJIMOTO DISEASE: THE FIRST CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF A RARE CASE IN KAZAKHSTAN." Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana 67, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-50-53.

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Relevance: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare underlying cause of benign lymphadenopathy, typically accompanied by fever and fatigue. Diagnosing this rare condition causes difficulties. Even though more than half a century has passed since the first described case, KFD is still hard to diagnose. Therefore it is of utmost importance to perform all the necessary diagnostic tests to avoid misdiagnosing and prescribing the wrong and often too-aggressive treatment. This article describes the first clinical case of KFD in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study aimed to share the clinical course and the specifics of a diagnostic search involving histological and immunohistochemical tests in KFD. Methods: The paper describes a clinical case of KFD. Results: We reported a case of KFD in a 35-year-old man who applied for cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. The diagnosis was made on histological and immunohistochemical analysis of a lymph node. Rapid regression of lymphadenopathy marked the evolution of the disease. Conclusion: This clinical observation describes a rare case of KFD; its cases have not been previously described in Kazakhstan. KFD is prone to the benign course and spontaneous regression. However, difficulties remain in KFD diagnosis since symptoms such as lymphadenopathy and fever more often resemble lymphoma or tuberculosis. Non-tumor lymphadenopathy can also produce high metabolic activity manifested by an intensive accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals, according to PET-CT. Clinicians should be highly suspicious of KFD in young patients with cervical lymphadenopathy and fever to avoid misdiagnosis.

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Selivanov, M., L. Turgunova, A. Zinchenko, and O. Bruner. "KIKUCHI-FUJIMOTO DISEASE: THE FIRST CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF A RARE CASE IN KAZAKHSTAN." Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana 67, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52532/2663-4864-2023-1-67-50-53.

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Relevance: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare underlying cause of benign lymphadenopathy, typically accompanied by fever and fatigue. Diagnosing this rare condition causes difficulties. Even though more than half a century has passed since the first described case, KFD is still hard to diagnose. Therefore it is of utmost importance to perform all the necessary diagnostic tests to avoid misdiagnosing and prescribing the wrong and often too-aggressive treatment. This article describes the first clinical case of KFD in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study aimed to share the clinical course and the specifics of a diagnostic search involving histological and immunohistochemical tests in KFD. Methods: The paper describes a clinical case of KFD. Results: We reported a case of KFD in a 35-year-old man who applied for cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. The diagnosis was made on histological and immunohistochemical analysis of a lymph node. Rapid regression of lymphadenopathy marked the evolution of the disease. Conclusion: This clinical observation describes a rare case of KFD; its cases have not been previously described in Kazakhstan. KFD is prone to the benign course and spontaneous regression. However, difficulties remain in KFD diagnosis since symptoms such as lymphadenopathy and fever more often resemble lymphoma or tuberculosis. Non-tumor lymphadenopathy can also produce high metabolic activity manifested by an intensive accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals, according to PET-CT. Clinicians should be highly suspicious of KFD in young patients with cervical lymphadenopathy and fever to avoid misdiagnosis.

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Alali, Muayad, Jefree J. Schulte, and Barbara A. Hendrickson. "Kikuchi–Fujimoto's Disease in a Pediatric Patient with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection." Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 14, no. 05 (December 13, 2017): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608923.

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AbstractKikuchi–Fujimoto's disease (KFD), alternatively termed histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, was first described in 1972. KFD is rare in children, with most of the cases occurring between the ages of 20 and 30 years with a female-to-male ratio of 4:1. The etiology is unknown, although infectious and autoimmune mechanisms have been proposed. KFD manifests with a spectrum of nonspecific clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. KFD is without a definitive diagnostic test and is a diagnosis of exclusion, which must be differentiated from other disease processes with associated lymphadenopathy. Significant overlap in both clinical presentation and histological features with other diseases, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and active tuberculosis (TB), presents challenges in diagnosis. A small number of case reports have been published describing the coexistence of KFD and active TB. Most reported cases occur in TB endemic areas. In the largest analysis of KFD, TB infection was concurrent in 2% of cases. Most of the cases occurred in adult patients. To our knowledge, there have been no pediatric cases of KFD with concurrent TB infection reported in the United States. This study describes a case of KFD with concurrent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a young male from the United States.

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Loh, Yen Siew, George Li, Kei Fan, Iyad Ahmed, Basil Roufogalis, and Daniel Sze. "Kaempferide Targets Side Population, the Putative Cancer Stem Cell, In Myeloma and Induced Apoptosis In Dose-Dependant Manner." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 5029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.5029.5029.

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Abstract Abstract 5029 Multiple myeloma (MM), cancer of the plasma cells, remains incurable despite advancement in therapeutic regiments. Studies showed that the ‘side population (SP)’, a subpopulation enriched with CSC in various cancers, has higher drug transporter activity than the bulk tumor; suggesting the reason why these cells survived despite post-chemotherapy. The increasing evidence of cancer stem cells (CSC) suggests that anti-cancer drugs targeting this subpopulation may lead to eradication of the root of cancer recurrence. In this study, we explored the capability of kaempferide (KFD), a flavanoid in propolis (bee glue) that can reverse drug transporter activity, to combat SP cells in myeloma. KFD was one of the compounds in Brazilian propolis that reduced SP percentage in myeloma cell lines. We report for the first time that KFD is able to induce apoptosis in the SP cells in myeloma. The ability of KFD to inhibit growth of unfractionated KMS-11 cells was first investigated. Parthenolide (PAR), a natural product shown to inhibit growth of putative CSC in acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia was included as control. Unfractionated cells were seeded at 20000 cells per well in a 96 well plate. After 24h of incubation with various concentration of KFD, PAR, and DMSO (vehicle control), MTS solution was added and absorbance at 490 nm was determined. The IC50 of KFD and PAR in KMS-11 cells was 26 μM and 5 μM with 95% confidence intervals between 17.7 to 33.3 μM and 4.0 to 5.8 μM respectively. This is shown in the dose-response curve in figure 1A. No significant growth inhibition was observed in DMSO (0.1% to 0.5 % v/v) treated cells. We then examined if the KFD causes apoptosis in the sorted-SP cells. Sorted-SP cells were treated with 26 μM KFD, 5 μM PAR, or 0.2% v/v DMSO as mentioned above. After 1, 3, and 6 hour of incubation, cells were harvested and stained with Annexin V and propidium iodide and then analyzed using FACS Calibur. Result showed that percentage of Annexin V+ apoptotic cells in KFD-treated cells increased in a time series manner (1, 3, 6 h) (figure 1B). Because KFD was reported to be capable to reverse the activity of drug efflux transporter, further studies to investigate the synergistic effect of KFD with conventional drugs to treat myeloma will be carried out. Alternative medicines employing natural products have become increasingly sought after when conventional drugs cause immense side effects. Component in propolis that was reported to have anti-cancer properties, has low toxicity at high concentration, and spare normal cells, appeals to be a potential compound to combat myeloma. Exploitation of KFD that has the dual effect to induce apoptosis in putative CSC in myeloma and reverse drug transporter activity offers great opportunity in cancer drug development and future clinical trials in patients with myeloma. A B Annexin V-FITC (FL-1) Propidium iodied (FL-3) Figure 1. (A) Growth inhibition by KFD and PAR after 24h of incubation. Experiment was repeated at least 3 times. (B) KFD induced apoptosis in KMS-11 in a time-series manner. Cells were treated with 26 μM KFD or 5 μM PAR for 1, 3, and 6 hour and was stained with Annexin V and propidium iodide. KFD PAR Figure 1. (A) Growth inhibition by KFD and PAR after 24h of incubation. Experiment was repeated at least 3 times. (B) KFD induced apoptosis in KMS-11 in a time-series manner. Cells were treated with 26 μM KFD or 5 μM PAR for 1, 3, and 6 hour and was stained with Annexin V and propidium iodide. . / KFD . / PAR Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Rajagopalan, PK. "KFD-Present State of Knowledge." Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, no. 03 (September 30, 2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202294.

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Kamgar, Reza, Houman Ebrahimpour Komleh, Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska, and Robert Jankowski. "Estimation of the Ultimate Strength of FRP Strips-to-Masonry Substrates Bond." Applied Sciences 13, no. 12 (June 8, 2023): 6955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13126955.

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Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRP) were developed as a new method over the past decades due to their many beneficial mechanical properties, and they are commonly applied to strengthen masonry structures. In this paper, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), K-fold Cross-Validation (KFCV) technique, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) method, and M5 Model Tree (M5MT) method were utilized to predict the ultimate strength of FRP strips applied on masonry substrates. The results obtained via ANN, KFCV, MARS, and M5MT were compared with the existing models. The results clearly indicate that the considered approaches have better efficiency and higher precision compared to the models available in the literature. The correlation coefficient values for the considered models (i.e., ANN, KFCV, MARS, and M5MT) are promising results, with up to 99% reliability.

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Deaver, Darcie M., Mojdeh Naghashpour, and Lubomir Sokol. "Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease in the United States: Three Case Reports and Review of the Literature." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2013): e2014001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2014.001.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a benign, self-limiting disease that manifests primarily as cervical lymphadenopathy but may include low-grade fever, headache, and fatigue. There is a higher incidence of KFD in women aged 20-35 years and in Asian populations. A PubMed search revealed 590 articles that described KFD. Of these, 22 cases have been fully described in the United States. Ten of the 22 (45%) patients were male and 12 (55%) were female, with 20% Caucasian, 20% Asian American, and the remaining 60% of other ethnic backgrounds. In this study, we describe an additional 3 cases of KFD and discuss the diagnosis, pathology, and management of KFD.

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Yuan, Li, and Zhichun Mu. "Ear Recognition Based on Gabor Features and KFDA." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/702076.

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We propose an ear recognition system based on 2D ear images which includes three stages: ear enrollment, feature extraction, and ear recognition. Ear enrollment includes ear detection and ear normalization. The ear detection approach based on improved Adaboost algorithm detects the ear part under complex background using two steps: offline cascaded classifier training and online ear detection. Then Active Shape Model is applied to segment the ear part and normalize all the ear images to the same size. For its eminent characteristics in spatial local feature extraction and orientation selection, Gabor filter based ear feature extraction is presented in this paper. Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis (KFDA) is then applied for dimension reduction of the high-dimensional Gabor features. Finally distance based classifier is applied for ear recognition. Experimental results of ear recognition on two datasets (USTB and UND datasets) and the performance of the ear authentication system show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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Bu, Dengli, and Pengjun Wang. "An improved KFDD based reversible circuit synthesis method." Integration 69 (November 2019): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vlsi.2019.04.008.

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Jamal, Al-Bishri. "Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease." Clinical Medicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders 5 (January 2012): CMAMD.S9895. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmamd.s9895.

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In order to determine the clinical significance of Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymhadenitis) and to review the literature available on this condition, we selected the Medicine research papers in English language published between the years 1972 to 2011. Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease (KFD) is an uncommon, cosmopolitan, benign and self-limiting condition with higher Japanese and Asian prevalence. Most of the sufferers of KFD are young people who seek treatment because of having acute tender cervical lymphadenopathy, low grade fever and night sweats. Coagulative necrosis with ample karyorrhetic debris in paracortical areas of the involved lymph nodes is the characteristic histologic feature of KFD. Diagnosing KFD is crucial as it can be mistaken for malignant lymphoma and SLE. KFD was put forth first time in 1972 by Dr. Masahiro Kikuchi and by Funimoto as lymphadenitis with reticular proliferation, histiocytes and abundant nuclear debris. It is a rare benign condition of lymph nodes and most of the clinicians and pathologists are unfamiliar with it. KFD is self-limiting disease (within 1 to 4 months), however, patients should be followed up regularly as it may crop up again or progress to SLE. Analgesics and antipyretics help to ameliorate the symptoms.

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Rezayat, Talayeh, Matthew B. Carroll, Bryan C. Ramsey, and Andria Smith. "A Case of Relapsing Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/364795.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis was first described in Japan in 1972. It is described as a benign syndrome most commonly involving cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and night sweats. The etiology of KFD is unknown but it is thought to be triggered by an autoimmune or viral process with an exaggerated T-cell-mediated immune response. KFD can mimic other serious conditions such as lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), herpes simplex, and Epstein Barr virus. Diagnosis is confirmed histopathologically. Kikuchi’s disease is typically reported to have a self-limiting course, resolving within several months and with a low recurrence rate between 3% and 4%. There is no specific treatment for KFD but any treatment is generally directed towards symptomatic relief with antipyretics and anti-inflammatory medications. In severe cases corticosteroids have been used. Here we describe a case of a previously healthy 26-year-old female that presented with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Malignancy and infections were ruled, and she was diagnosed with KFD histopathologically by lymph node biopsy. Her case is a severe case of KFD that despite treatment with multiple courses of corticosteroids and an immune modulating agent, relapsed.

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Perry, Anamarija M., and Sarah M. Choi. "Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A Review." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 142, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 1341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0219-ra.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare entity characterized by subacute necrotizing lymphadenopathy and frequently associated with fever. Young adults of Asian ancestry are most commonly affected, but it has been reported worldwide. Despite many studies in the literature, the cause of KFD remains uncertain. Histologically, KFD is characterized by paracortical lymph node expansion with patchy, well-circumscribed areas of necrosis showing abundant karyorrhectic nuclear debris and absence of neutrophils and eosinophils. Three evolving histologic patterns—proliferative, necrotizing, and xanthomatous—have been recognized. By immunohistochemistry, histiocytes in KFD are positive for myeloperoxidase. There is a marked predominance of T cells in the lesions (with mostly CD8-positive cells) with very few B cells. The differential diagnosis of KFD includes infectious lymphadenitis, autoimmune lymphadenopathy (primarily systemic lupus erythematosus), and lymphoma. Clinicians and pathologists are poorly familiar with this entity, which frequently causes significant diagnostic challenges.

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Chong, Yosep, Ji Young Lee, Chang Suk Kang, and Eun Jung Lee. "Identification of Torque Teno Virus/Torque Teno-Like Minivirus in the Cervical Lymph Nodes of Kikuchi-Fujimoto Lymphadenitis Patients (Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis): A Possible Key to Idiopathic Disease." Biomedicine Hub 5, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000506501.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is rare, and many infectious agents have been suspected for its etiology. This report presents an interesting case of KFD found with torque teno virus/torque teno minivirus (TTV/TTMV), which closely resembles the circovirus that causes necrotizing lymphadenitis in pigs. Three Korean patients showed several enlarged lymph nodes in their neck. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and subsequent DNA sequencing for TTV/TTMV using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue were performed. Histologic examination demonstrated typical features of KFD. qPCR showed successful amplification of TTV/TTMV, and DNA sequencing confirmed the results. It is the first report of TTV/TTMV presence in three patients with KFD.

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Cannon, Laura, Endi Wang, and Mara Becker. "Diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease in an 11-year-old girl with fever and sickle cell disease." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 8 (August 2020): e234302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-234302.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare lymphohistiocytic disorder which can cause prolonged fever and other systemic B symptoms including diffuse lymphadenopathy. Given its clinical presentation, there is often initial concern for lymphoma and diagnosis requires lymph node biopsy. It most frequently affects young women of Asian descent; it is less commonly encountered in paediatric patients. KFD is typically a benign, self-limited process, however, there is an association with development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Given its rarity, it remains unclear if KFD is associated with other chronic conditions. Here we present the third case of KFD occurring in a paediatric patient with sickle cell disease.

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Horino, Taro, Osamu Ichii, and Yoshio Terada. "Is recurrent Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease a precursor to systemic lupus erythematosus?" Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjim-2018-0028.

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Abstract Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare, benign, self-limiting disease characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. Since KFD was first reported in 1972, the validity of this clinical entity has been controversial and its aetiology remains unknown. Herein, we report a case of a patient with KFD, which was believed to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

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Lee, Mi Og. "Trend Analysis of Researches on Kinetid Family Drawings in Korea." Journal of Arts Psychotherapy 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32451/kjoaps.2019.15.2.027.

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García, Carlos E., Harsha V. Girdhar-Gopal, and David M. Dorfman. "Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease of the Neck Update." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 102, no. 1 (January 1993): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949310200103.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare entity of uncertain cause that commonly presents with persistently enlarged cervical lymph nodes unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. Although it usually follows a benign course, KFD has been repeatedly misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma; hence, clinicians and pathologists alike need to be aware of this disease entity. The newest developments regarding the etiology and course of KFD are presented through a review of the literature and a recent illustrative case.

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WEI, Yu-xin, and Mu-qing WU. "KFDA and clustering based multiclass SVM for intrusion detection." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 15, no. 1 (March 2008): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(08)60074-6.

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Stover, Ed, Mike Fargione, Richard Risio, Xiaoe Yang, and Terence Robinson. "Fruit Weight, Cropload, and Return Bloom of 'Empire' Apple Following Thinning with 6-Benzyladenine and NAA at Several Phenological Stages." HortScience 36, no. 6 (October 2001): 1077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.36.6.1077.

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Thinning with BA reportedly increases size of 'Empire' fruit more than does thinning with NAA because of enhancement of cell division by BA. This study was conducted to determine the phenological stage at which BA application provides maximum fruit weight relative to degree of cropload reduction. In all years, treatments were applied at a range of timings: petal fall (PF), 5-, 10-, or 15-mm king fruitlet diameter (KFD). For each thinner, the same concentration was used throughout the study. In 1994, only Accel® at 75 mg·L-1 was evaluated. In 1995, NAA (7.5 mg·L-1) + carbaryl (600 mg·L-1), Accel®, and a BA-only formulation were compared, but BA alone was applied only at PF, 10- and 15-mm KFD. In 1996, Accel® and NAA were compared with and without carbaryl at all timings. Most treatments reduced cropload and enhanced fruit weight. When data for all 3 years were combined, Accel® or BA increased cropload-adjusted fruit weight (CAFW) in 8 of 10 treatments made at 10- or 15-mm KFD, PF treatments never increased CAFW, and only one of four applications at 5-mm KFD increased CAFW. In contrast, NAA + carbaryl increased CAFW in four of four treatments applied at PF or 5-mm KFD, but in only one of four treatments at 10- or 15-mm KFD. Accel® was less effective than NAA in reducing fruit clusters to a single fruit per spur in most comparisons, either with or without carbaryl. Return bloom varied greatly across years, but was always influenced by application time and types of thinners. In 1994 and 1996, return bloom was closely related to cropload the previous year. Although return bloom was very low for most treatments in 1995, 10- and 15-mm KFD applications of NAA + carbaryl increased it three-fold in comparison with other treatments (NAA + carbaryl at PF or 5 mm or BA at 10-mm KFD) that had similar effects on cropload. Chemical names used: 6-benzyladenine (BA); naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

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Singla, Sushil, Mohitesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar Jat, and Deepika Parwan. "Kikuchi necrotizing lymphadenopathy: a tip of the iceberg disease?" International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, no. 9 (August 23, 2021): 1602. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20213326.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare benign condition also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, which typically presented as fever with cervical lymphadenopathy in previously healthy individual. We presented a case of 11 year old boy with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy since 2 months. Lymph node biopsy was performed which suggested of KFD and was treated symptomatically. KFD incidence is rare but clinicians should be alert if young patient comes with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy to lower the chance of unwanted laboratory test and harmful treatment.

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GRANİT SEMAVİ, Deniz, and Turgay ULAŞ. "Highlighting steroid indications for Kikuchi Fujimoto disease: a case report." Cukurova Medical Journal 47, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 1753–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1176368.

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Kikuchi Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare, generally benign and self limited condition with an unknown etiology. There isn’t a guideline for treatment of KFD, recommendations for treatment are based on clinical experience and management is typically supportive. However, sometimes more ominous course of the disease may be experienced. Thus, for the patients with severe disease, refractory symptoms and recurrences, more definite and efficient treatment options are required. Here, we aimed to emphasize the indications of steroid treatment via a case of KFD resolved after systemic steroids.

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Sun, Yan, Zhenyun Ren, and Wenxi Zheng. "Research on Face Recognition Algorithm Based on Image Processing." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (March 18, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9224203.

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While network technology is convenient for our daily life, the problems that are exposed are also endless. The most important thing for everyone is information security. In order to improve the security level of network information and identify and detect faces, the method used in this paper has improved compared with the traditional AdaBoost method and skin color method. AdaBoost detection is performed on the image, which reduces the probability of false detection. The experiment compares the experimental results of the AdaBoost method, the skin color method and the skin color + AdaBoost method. All operations in the KPCA and KFDA algorithms are performed by the inner product kernel function defined in the original space, and no specific non-linear mapping function is involved.The full name of KPCA is kernel principal component analysis. The full name of KFDA is kernel Fisher discriminant analysis. Combining the zero-space method kernel discriminant analysis method improves the ability of discriminant analysis to extract non-linear features. Through the secondary extraction of PCA features, a better recognition result than the PCA method is obtained. This paper also proposes a zero-space based Fisher discriminant analysis method. Experiments show that the zero-space-based method makes full use of the useful discriminant information in the zero space of the intraclass dispersion matrix, which improves the accuracy of face recognition to some extent.If you choose the polynomial kernel function, when d = 0.8, KPCA has a higher recognition ability. When d = 2, the recognition rate of KFDA and zero space-based KFDA is the largest. For polynomial functions, in general, d = 2.

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Mahre, Andrew, James M. Kurdzo, David J. Bodine, Casey B. Griffin, Robert D. Palmer, and Tian-You Yu. "Analysis of the 16 May 2015 Tipton, Oklahoma, EF-3 Tornado at High Spatiotemporal Resolution Using the Atmospheric Imaging Radar." Monthly Weather Review 146, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 2103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0256.1.

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Abstract In this study, data collected by the Atmospheric Imaging Radar (AIR) are analyzed in conjunction with WSR-88D data (KFDR) for a tornado near Tipton, Oklahoma, on 16 May 2015. The analysis presented herein utilizes PPIs from both radars, polarimetric data from KFDR, time–height plots from the AIR, and a ground-based velocity track display (GBVTD) analysis. This study is novel in that it uses high-resolution mobile radar data (update time of 6–7 s) in tandem with polarimetric data from KFDR in order to identify possible areas of debris, including a debris ring contained within the outer vortex circulation. Leveraging the high spatiotemporal resolution of the AIR with the polarimetric capability of KFDR leads to analysis of reflectivity distributions, debris lofting, kinematic changes, and oscillations in tornado intensity during a portion of the mature stage of the tornado, with a particular focus on the relationship between changes in the reflectivity field and dynamical changes around the tornado. Debris is lofted in a high-reflectivity concentric ring of increasing radius and height around the tornado over several minutes, within the outer weak-echo hole (WEH). Simultaneously, debris lofting and asymmetric reflectivity distribution around the WEH coincide with changes in vortex tilt on multiple occasions. In one instance, hydrometeor fallout appears to precede a possible descending reflectivity core. Using the GBVTD results, near-surface convergence intensifies at the same time and location as when the debris ring is lofted. Additionally, strengthening of the tornado via multiple modes of vertical evolution (i.e., bottom-up intensification over time vs simultaneous intensification throughout the lowest few hundred meters) is observed.

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Srikanth, Ullas Gowda K., Chandranaik B. Marinaik, Amitha Reena Gomes, Doddamane Rathnamma, Sonnahallipura M. Byregowda, Shrikrishna Isloor, Archana Munivenkatarayappa, et al. "Evaluation of Safety and Potency of Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) Vaccine Inactivated with Different Concentrations of Formalin and Comparative Evaluation of In Vitro and In Vivo Methods of Virus Titration in KFD Vaccine." Biomedicines 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2023): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071871.

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We evaluated the safety and potency of the Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) vaccine inactivated with different formalin concentrations in mice, since the side effects due to higher formalin concentrations have been a major reason for vaccine refusal. Furthermore, with an objective to reduce the use of mice in vaccine testing, we performed quantification of the KFD virus by real-time PCR and compared it with in vivo titration in mice. The KFD vaccine prepared in chicken embryo fibroblast cells was inactivated with 0.04%, 0.06%, and 0.08% concentrations of formalin. The vaccine inactivated with 0.04% and 0.06% formalin failed the safety test, whereas the KFD vaccine inactivated with 0.08% formalin was safe and potent with a log protective index of 5678 in mice. This reduced formalin content may induce no/lesser side-effects of pain/swelling which may increase the vaccine acceptance. The real-time PCR on individual KFD vaccine harvests interpreted that when the CT value of each harvest is <20, the vaccine will have sufficient viral particles to pass the potency test. Comparison of the real-time PCR on tenfold dilutions of the pooled harvests with in vivo mice inoculation test revealed that the 1MLD50 of the vaccine lies in the tenfold dilution that yields CT values between 31 and 34.

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Podugu, Nagaraju, Satrughna Mishra, Thomas Wiersberg, and Sukanta Roy. "Chemical and Noble Gas Isotope Compositions of Formation Gases from a 3 km Deep Scientific Borehole in the Koyna Seismogenic Zone, Western India." Geofluids 2019 (September 17, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1078942.

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A 3 km deep research borehole KFD1 was drilled in the Koyna reservoir-triggered seismicity region, Western India, between December 2016 and May 2017. The 1967 M 6.3 Koyna earthquake had generated a NNE-SSW trending surface fissure zone in the Nanel-Donichawadi-Kadoli sector. KFD1 is located ~5 km south of Kadoli along the trend of the Donichawadi fault zone. Online gas monitoring was carried out during drilling of KFD1 from 1315 m to 2831 m depth to sample and study the composition of crustal gases. Formation gases CO2, CH4, H2, and He were only observed during water flushing of ~100 m intervals following coring runs. Laboratory analyses of gas samples collected between 1737 m and 2831 m depth revealed concentrations of up to 1200 ppmv CO2, 186 ppmv CH4, 139 ppmv H2, and 12.8 ppmv He. Zones enriched in gases are mostly below the 2100 m depth with significant He enhancement ranging from 4.6 to 7.6 ppmv above the atmospheric value. The He-rich zones correlate well with the zones of anomalous physical and mechanical properties identified from geophysical logs and are characterized by high fracture density as revealed from borehole images, indicating that the borehole punctured multiple fracture zones. The helium concentrations are consistent with those previously observed over the surface fissures near Kadoli, suggesting a southward extension of the Donichawadi fault zone up to the KFD1 site and confirming that the fault zone is permeable even after 50 years of the 1967 Koyna earthquake. 3He/4He ratios of eleven gas samples fall between 0.426±0.022 and 0.912±0.059 Ra, with 4He/20Ne values between 0.3449±0.0091 and 0.751±0.020. Air-corrected helium isotope ratios indicate that helium is a mixture of atmospheric and crustal radiogenic components but no mantle contribution within 2σ analytical uncertainties.

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Basnet, Srijana, Laxman Shrestha, and Prabina Shrestha. "Kikuchi Fujimoto as an Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythromatosis." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 41, no. 1 (April 24, 2021): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v41i1.29519.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD) is a rare benign, condition of necrotising histiocytic lymphadenitis. In this case report, we discuss a case of 10 year old male patient who presented with a fever, rash and generalised lymphadenopathy that was not attributable to the more common causes. Axillary lymph node biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of KFD. Treatment with prednisolone improved his symptoms but after six months he had recurrence of his symptoms. He was investigated again and finally met diagnostic criteria for SLE. This case report highlights importance of close follow up in a child with KFD.

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Sarfraz, Shiza, Hamza Rafique, Hassam Ali, and Syed Zawahir Hassan. "Case Report: Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A case of supraclavicular lymphadenopathy." F1000Research 8 (August 4, 2021): 1652. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19981.2.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare cause of cervical lymphadenopathy. Patients usually present with localized lymphadenopathy, fever and fatigue. Because of the poorly understood etiology, it can be mistaken for an infectious disease or even malignance. Here we discuss a case of KFD that initially presented with left sided cervical lymphadenopathy that later progressed to left supraclavicular lymph nodes. Due to its characteristic overlap with other disorders like tuberculous lymphadenitis and lymphoma, KFD remains an arduous diagnosis for physicians. Therefore, one should be made aware of symptoms that can lead to misdiagnosis in patients.

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Journal articles on the topic 'KFDV'

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