Journal articles on the topic 'Key word sign'
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Rokade, Rajeshree S., and Dharmpal D. Doye. "Spelled sign word recognition using key frame." IET Image Processing 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2012.0691.
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Windsor, Jennifer, and Macalyne Fristoe. "Key Word Signing." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 2 (April 1991): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3402.260.
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Key-word-sign (KWS) and speech-only programs differ in the results they achieve with nonspeaking individuals. This difference might be traced to suprasegmental aspects of speech. In an earlier study. Windsor and Fristoe (1989) showed that untrained listeners could distinguish speech produced using KWS from speech only. In the present study, acoustic measures as well as listener judgments of KWS and spoken-only (S-O) narratives were obtained. Compared to S-O narratives, KWS narratives were produced with a slower articulation rate, due to increased pause and speech segment duration and increased pause number. Within-sentence pauses in KWS narratives tended to occur immediately after a signed word.
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Smidt, Andy, Constantina Markoulli, Chloe Wine, Elsie Chang, Harmony Turnbull, Aylin Huzmeli, and Monique Hines. "Retention of signs following a one‐day key word sign training." British Journal of Learning Disabilities 47, no. 1 (December 14, 2018): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bld.12257.
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Windsor, Jennifer, and Macalyne Fristoe. "Key Word Signing." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 54, no. 3 (August 1989): 374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5403.374.
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Suprasegmental changes in speaker-signers' speech may be an important component of the results obtained in key-word-sign programs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether untrained listeners could tell a difference between the speech of a person using key word signing with speech and using speech only. Fifty untrained listeners heard an audiotape of six speaker-signers who sometimes used key word signing and sometimes used speech only in their production of 24 spoken narratives. The results demonstrated that listeners could accurately classify all keyword-signed communication of three speaker-signers and the spoken-only communication of all four speaker-signers who had been previously identified as demonstrating natural spoken communication. The major perceived differences between the use of key-word-signed communication and spoken-only communication were differences in speech rate and word emphasis and differences in pausing.
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Rombouts, Ellen, Babette Maessen, Bea Maes, and Inge Zink. "Key Word Signing Has Higher Iconicity Than Sign Language." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 7 (July 17, 2020): 2418–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00034.
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Purpose Key word signing (KWS) entails using manual signs to support the natural speech of individuals with normal hearing and who have communication difficulties. While manual signs from the local sign language may be used for this purpose, some KWS systems have opted for a distinct KWS lexicon. Distinct KWS lexicon typically aims for higher sign iconicity or recognizability to make the lexicon more accessible for individuals with intellectual disabilities. We sought to determine if, in the Belgian Dutch context, signs from such a distinct KWS lexicon (Spreken Met Ondersteuning van Gebaren [Speaking With Support of Signs; SMOG]) were indeed more iconic than their Flemish Sign Language (FSL) counterparts. Method Participants were 224 adults with typical development who had no signing experience. They rated the resemblance between a FSL sign and its meaning. Raw data on the iconicity of SMOG from a previous study were used. Translucency was statistically and qualitatively compared between the SMOG lexicon and their FSL counterparts. Results SMOG had an overall higher translucency than FSL and contained a higher number of iconic signs. Conclusion This finding may support the value of a separate sign lexicon over using sign language signs. Nevertheless, other aspects, such as wide availability and inclusion, need to be considered.
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Xu, Xin-Xin, Yuan-Yuan Huang, and Zuo-Jin Hu. "Research on Continuous Sign Language Sentence Recognition Algorithm Based on Weighted Key-Frame." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 22, no. 4 (July 20, 2018): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2018.p0483.
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At present, most of the dynamic sign language recognition is only for sign language words, the continuous sign language sentence recognition research and the corresponding results are less, because the segmentation of such sentence is very difficult. In this paper, a sign language sentence recognition algorithm is proposed based on weighted key-frames. Key-frames can be regarded as the basic unit of sign word, therefore, according to key frames we can get related vocabularies, and thus we can further organize these vocabularies into meaningful sentences. Such work can avoid the hard point of dividing sign language sentence directly. With the help of Kinect, i.e. motion-control device, a kind of self-adaptive algorithm of key-frame extraction based on the trajectory of sign language is brought out in the paper. After that, the key-frame is given weight according to its semantic contribution. Finally, the recognition algorithm is designed based on these weighted key-frames and thus get the continuous sign language sentence. Experiments show that the algorithm designed in this paper can realize real-time recognition of continuous sign language sentences.
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Rose, Veronica, David Trembath, and Karen Bloomberg. "Visual Attention and Key Word Sign in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 28, no. 1 (August 8, 2015): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10882-015-9443-3.
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Zhuravlev, Ignatiy V. "Vygotsky, Ilyenkov and the Problem of Correlation Between Thought and Word." Journal of Psycholinguistic, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30982/2077-5911-2021-48-2-130-143.
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The article deals with the key provisions of Vygotskian theory of historical development of mind and discusses the problem of the relationship between thought and word as a key problem of psycholinguistics. The main methodological principle of Vygotskian theory is the principle of monism. All higher mental functions are characterized by social origin and unified structure, in which the “defining whole” is the sign. The history of human mind can be represented as the natural history of signs. Vygotskian theory is not “word-centered”, since it is his developments that allow us to interpret the word not only as the crown of the development and the unity of communication and generalization, but also as a transformed form of activity. The problem of the relationship between thought and word is a psycholinguistic projection of the body-mind problem, the methodologically correct solution of which should be based on the “image – process” opposition introduced by A.N. Leontiev. This opposition is one of the main postulates of psycholinguistics. A sign is always a “semitransparent” object, which in some cases tends to complete “evaporation” (and then its functional being comes to the fore), and in others – acquires “density” (and then its content is obscured by its object characteristics). The interiorization of a sign is the evaporation of its object properties; the “inner” sign is a sign that appears in its functional being. The path “from thought to word” is the formation of thought, the “living drama”, the life of thought within the word.
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Cologon, Kathy, and Zinnia Mevawalla. "Increasing inclusion in early childhood: Key Word Sign as a communication partner intervention." International Journal of Inclusive Education 22, no. 8 (December 8, 2017): 902–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2017.1412515.
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Rose, Veronica, David Trembath, and Karen Bloomberg. "Erratum to: Visual Attention and Key Word Sign in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 28, no. 1 (February 2016): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10882-016-9480-6.
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Grove, Nicola Clare. "Commentary on “Use of key word signing for children and adults with intellectual disability in an Irish context”." Tizard Learning Disability Review 24, no. 3 (June 20, 2019): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-04-2019-0018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of key word sign by staff in organisations working with children and adults who have intellectual disabilities. Design/methodology/approach This commentary provides an overview of both historical and recent research in this area. Findings After a dearth of research on signing, new studies are emerging, but appear to identify the same issues – and many of the same solutions – as those from 40 years ago. Social implications Sign needs to be seen as a cultural intervention necessitating attitude change and policy development. Originality/value Paradigm shifts in the field of intervention and in AAC are needed to address these issues.
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Grove, Nicola, and Bencie Woll. "Assessing language skills in adult key word signers with intellectual disabilities: Insights from sign linguistics." Research in Developmental Disabilities 62 (March 2017): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2017.01.017.
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Meuris, Kristien, Bea Maes, and Inge Zink. "Teaching Adults With Intellectual Disability Manual Signs Through Their Support Staff: A Key Word Signing Program." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 24, no. 3 (August 2015): 545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_ajslp-14-0062.
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Purpose The goal of this study was to evaluate a key word signing (KWS) program in which adults with mild to severe intellectual disability (ID) were taught manual signs through their support staff. Our hypothesis was that spontaneous manual sign production of participants would increase significantly after 12 months of implementation of the KWS program. Method A KWS immersion program was implemented in a facility for adults with ID. First, 8 support workers received 8 hr of training. These KWS ambassadors then taught 2 manual signs per week to their colleagues, who modeled the use of the signs throughout the day in natural interactions with their clients. KWS use in 15 adults with ID and 15 of their support staff was evaluated before the start of the program and at a 12-month follow-up using a narrative task and during spontaneous conversation. Results Manual sign production of support workers and adults with ID had increased significantly 12 months after the start of the program. The adults with ID were able to express significantly more communicative functions in their narrative language after the intervention and when using KWS. Conclusion The KWS program was successful and can be applied in similar clinical settings.
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Rombouts, Ellen, Bea Maes, and Inge Zink. "Key Word Signing Usage of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Influence of Communication Partners' Sign Usage and Responsivity." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 26, no. 3 (August 15, 2017): 853–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-16-0051.
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Joukovskaia, Anna. "Bureaucracy: a Shape-Memory Word." ISTORIYA 13, no. 11 (121) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840023170-6.
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Terminological debates, leaving aside the problem of the translation of terms, usually revolve around the definition of words. Less frequently discussed is the question of whether a particular lexeme is appropriate as a form for a given definition. Present-day historians of the Russian administration of the 16th — 18th centuries can be divided into two groups: those who freely use the term bureaucracy to describe the Muscovite and early imperial systems of administration, and those who consider it unsuitable for this purpose. However, the disagreement is rooted not so much in different scientific definitions (according to Marx, according to Weber) or differences in empirical description of the subject, but rather in a deep psychological acceptance or rejection of the very word bureaucracy as a scientific term. Some historians insist on the need for the researcher to banish from his mind all negative associations connected with the common linguistic usage of this lexeme, while others resist to this. The purpose of this article is to explore the history of the word bureaucratie in French during the decade of the French Revolution; to show, on the basis of the monuments of parliamentary eloquence, periodicals, literature and contemporary dictionaries, that this word was used as an expressive sign (according to Charles Bally terminology); and to remind thus the origin of that powerful negative emotional charge, which still remains in most European languages (especially in Russian) and prevents the word bureaucracy from being transformed from an expressive sign into a scientific term. The conclusion is that the word bureaucracy is still used as a performative (a speech act equivalent to an action), which aims to reveal and stigmatize evil in the form of some vice of executive power. Given this fact, it is suggested that the lexeme may be more useful not as a term for a «rational form of domination» in Weberian paradigm, but as a key concept in the (historical) psychology applied to the phenomenon of public administration.
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Živkovič, Momčilo. "Quantitative and Qualitative Scores on Dream Test." Perceptual and Motor Skills 83, no. 3 (December 1996): 867–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.83.3.867.
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A quantitative Dream Test score is defined as the ratio of the number of the key dream words selected by a subject and given a plus sign to the number of the dream words given minus sign as is done on the Initial-letter Word-association Test. The mean quantitative Dream Test score is 2+/3- with a slight prevalence of minus over plus signs and the mean number of selected key dream words of 5. The qualitative Dream Test score was formulated to represent the dream categories and subcategories in which individual dreams are classified according to manifest dream content. From a sample of 122 dreams reported by 122 women, students in psychology ( M age 20 yr.), dreams were categorized as Death (27 or 22.0%), Nightmares (53 or 43.1%), Love (35 or 28.3%), Atypical dreams (7 or 57%), and No dreams (1 or .8%). The most frequent qualitative Dream Test score was for Nightmares which is in accord with the slight prevalence of minus over plus signs in the Dream Test mean quantitative score.
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Sari, Ira Puspita, Salamun, and Sukri. "Bank Kosa Kata Untuk Tuna Rungu dan Tuna Wicara Berbasis Web." Journal of Applied Computer Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (December 12, 2021): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52158/jacost.v2i2.250.
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Communication is the most important key to mastering this era of globalization. There is no denying that language is the most important part of communication. When one person uses the same language or understands another person's language, they can communicate well. Sign language is a language based on artificial communication, i.e. body language and lip movements during communication. This sign language is standardized as SIBI (Indonesian Sign Language System). SIBI is one of the media in the form of books that are able to communicate with deaf people in the community. Its shape is a systematic arrangement of groups of fingers, hands and various movements, symbolizing the word Indonesian. Book media does not seem to be easily understood by users, so it takes an application that can provide moving images to facilitate sign language learning, one of which is web-based.
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Meuris, Kristien, Bea Maes, Anne-Marie De Meyer, and Inge Zink. "Manual Signing in Adults With Intellectual Disability: Influence of Sign Characteristics on Functional Sign Vocabulary." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 57, no. 3 (June 2014): 990–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_jslhr-l-12-0402.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sign characteristics in a key word signing (KWS) system on the functional use of those signs by adults with intellectual disability (ID). Method All 507 signs from a Flemish KWS system were characterized in terms of phonological, iconic, and referential characteristics. Phonological and referential characteristics were assigned to the signs by speech-language pathologists. The iconicity (i.e., transparency, guessing the meaning of the sign; and translucency, rating on a 6-point scale) of the signs were tested in 467 students. Sign functionality was studied in 119 adults with ID (mean mental age of 50.54 months) by means of a questionnaire, filled out by a support worker. Results A generalized linear model with a negative binomial distribution (with log-link) showed that semantic category was the factor with the strongest influence on sign functionality, with grammatical class, referential concreteness, and translucency also playing a part. No sign phonological characteristics were found to be of significant influence on sign use. Conclusion The meaning of a sign is the most important factor regarding its functionality (i.e., whether a sign is used in everyday communication). Phonological characteristics seem only of minor importance.
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Murzin, Yuriy. "Enantiosemy: Unity or Struggle of Opposites?" Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2018-3-59-63.
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The phenomenon of enantiosemy is due to the semantic evolution of the word has resulted in the formation of an opposite meaning to the main meaning of the same. Are key elements of this process, the dualism of human thinking, the asymmetry of the linguistic sign, the meaning diffuse the root of the etymon and the inversion of the relation subject-object, among others. Sometimes, as a result of the diachronic variation of the nuclear meaning the word lose in a certain period of time its original meaning which recur with time in some phrases or syntactical constructions which form the word.The lexical-semantic variants of a word count with nuclear common semes. Are opposed to them generally non-nuclear semes. The meaning of the enantiosemic word only you can reveal it from the context. The opposite meanings present a case of polysemy and form a single whole. The concepts that these words are complemented to designate objects, processes or phenomena, simultaneous or consecutive inextricably linked to each other.In the present work, we analyze cases of nominative, grammatical and conversive enantiosemy of some nouns, pronouns, adverbs and verbs. The study was carried out on the basis of lexicographical, literary and journalistic examples.
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Rombouts, Ellen, Bea Maes, and Inge Zink. "Maintenance of key word signing in adults with intellectual disabilities: novel signed turns facilitated by partners’ consistent input and sign imitation." Augmentative and Alternative Communication 33, no. 3 (May 18, 2017): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07434618.2017.1326066.
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Betsenko, Tetyana. "AESTHETICS OF THE LINGUISTIC SIGN-SYMBOL THE SOURCE IN THE POETIC CONTINUUM OF VASYL HOLOBORODKO." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-140-147.
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The article attempts to consider the semantics and connotative shades of the linguistic-aesthetic sign-symbol well in the poetic language of Vasyl Holoborodko. The peculiarities of the use of synonymous equivalents for the designation of hydro objects for water extraction and consumption, which are used by the artist as figurative-poetic signs-symbols, are clarified. The semantic and emotional-expressive load in the texts of the word-image is characterized. The specificity of the artist's figurative rethinking of the ethnonym is substantiated. In the process of analysis it was established that the well is a sign-symbol inherent in all civilizational cultures; the name of the well is poetic, characteristic both for everyday use and forfolklore. In V. Holoborodko's poetic discourse we mostly fix the word-image of a well in unity with the concepts of water, bucket and actions to drink water, go for water, dig a well, etc. Krynytsia - in the poetic world reproduction of V. Holoborodko - a symbol of earthly life, a symbol of eternal existence, a sign of cosmic existence. At the same time - it is a source of truth, the key to knowledge of the universe, its laws, the reality of ethno-being. The token well as a word-image in V. Holoborodko's poetry is attested with the seeds "memory", "genealogy", "succession of generations", "earthly life focused on high spiritual principles". The well is also a "measure of the honesty of the individual." The word-image well is also based on the seeds "quenching thirst", "source of inspiration", "life". The image-symbol is characterized by a positive emotional and expressive load. We record a significant expansion of the occasional semantics of the word-image in the idiolect of the artist of the sixties, which occurs due to the analogy: the depth of the well - the depth of thought, soul; purity of the well - purity of thought, soul; well - terrestrial life, reaching the cosmic heights (water cycle).
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Byrne, Áine, Jenna Pyne, and Vanessa Sheehan. "Use of key word signing for children and adults with intellectual disability in an Irish context." Tizard Learning Disability Review 24, no. 3 (June 20, 2019): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-07-2018-0023.
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Purpose Lámh is the Irish approach to key word signing (KWS). It was designed to support children and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) (including people with autism) and/or communication needs in Ireland. The purpose of this paper is to determine the level of Lámh use in a large organisation for children and adults with IDD and identify factors influencing use. Design/methodology/approach An online questionnaire was distributed to 950 staff members in the aforementioned organisation. Findings The response rate was 23 per cent (n = 217), with the majority of respondents indicating a belief that all staff should know some key signs (96 per cent) and that Lámh has a positive impact on communication (89 per cent). In sum, 18 per cent of staff who supported a Lámh user reported that they rarely or never use signs. There was a significant association between client group (children or adults) and frequency of Lámh use by staff, with greater use reported in children’s services. Research limitations/implications Overall, a positive attitude towards Lámh was identified amongst staff within the organisation. Despite this, there is evidence of inadequate support for Lámh users, particularly in adult services. Identified barriers which impacted the implementation of Lámh included inconsistencies in organisational culture, levels of support and access to training. A consistent Lámh signing environment is crucial to the successful use of Lámh as a communication method. This study suggests that the level of support required to create a consistent signing environment may be underestimated. Originality/value This is the first study to evaluate the reported use of key word sign in an Irish disability setting. The findings will be of benefit to any staff members supporting KWS users and, in particular, those involved in the provision of KWS training.
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Muthesius, Stefan. "Warsaw’s Poniatowski Viaduct." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 72, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2013.72.2.205.
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Rapid urban communication was key to the utopian visions of the early twentieth-century Städtebau and City Beautiful movements. In Warsaw’s Poniatowski Viaduct: The World’s First Elevated Urban Expressway, Stefan Muthesius discusses an early realization of these visions. The particular topography of Warsaw, which linked a bridgehead with the upper town, necessitated an elevated roadway. The result was an arched structure in reinforced concrete and steel of an unprecedented size. Architect Stefan Szyller made sure that this feat of engineering also turned into a work of monumental architecture in the age-old Renaissance sense of the word, one that could thus serve as the sign of a new Polish self-assertion in the Russian-occupied city.
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Lassalle-Klein, Robert. "Jesus of Galilee and the Crucified People: The Contextual Christology of Jon Sobrino and Ignacio Ellacuría." Theological Studies 70, no. 2 (May 2009): 347–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004056390907000207.
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The author argues that the Christian historical realism of Ignacio Ellacuría and the “saving history” Christology of Jon Sobrino form a post-Vatican II contextual theology unified by two fundamental claims: the historical reality of Jesus is the real sign of the Word made flesh, and the analogatum princeps of the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth is to be found today among the “crucified peoples” victimized by various forms of oppression around the globe. Sobrino and Ellacuría are situated as important interpreters of Rahner, Ignatius Loyola, Augustine, Medellín, and key European phenomenologists.
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Grabauskienė, Vaiva, and Ada Zabulionytė. "The Employment of Verbal and Visual Information for 3rd Grade Deaf Students in Arithmetic Story Problem Solving." Pedagogika 129, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2018.12.
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The scientific studies have shown that deaf students in comparison to their hearing peers find mathematical word tasks much more difficult to solve. Following this finding, in our article we are discussing how Lithuanian oral/written and Sign languages (LSL) supported by illustrations might assist deaf students solving mathematical word problems.
The analytical part of this article is based on results from a small field survey – deaf students were asked to take math word problems followed by discussions with the same students (performed in LSL) about their (un)success. The following methods have been applied: instrumental case study, written survey, observation, and qualitative content analysis. Due to the specifics of schools for deaf children we have chosen a small sample group consisting of six deaf 3rd grade students.
Study results show that it was quite difficult for deaf students to understand what exactly the mathematical word problem has been asking for. This observation leads to the assumption that it would be useful making wording of math problems shorter and at the same time more friendly to the mindset of the deaf students. On top of that, the wording and written language constructions used in mathematical word tasks should be at the level of overall language comprehension of deaf students at that age level. This approach would lead to more rational teaching strategies to be used for deaf students - enabling them to recognize the key message in the task by separating it from the less important secondary information. The results also show that deaf students very rarely use illustrations as a supporting tool while resolving mathematical word tasks (though it might be some exceptions if students are asked to solve tasks that are more complex). This observation supports the idea, that it would be useful to apply proper illustrations helping to enhance the understanding and strengthen the ability to overcome the low comprehension of verbal information. In that case, the key objective in teaching deaf students would be in how to extract the required mathematical information from the illustrations presented and connect it with the word task itself. It has been noticed also that deaf students usually ask for help and support in Lithuanian Sign language. This underlines the importance of having the teacher able to communicate in their preferable way (using LSL) on a constant basis.
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Finiv, V. M. "LEXICAL REPETITION OF A COHESIVE AND COHERENT TOOL IN AN ARTISTIC TEXT." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, no. 3(55) (April 12, 2019): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-491-499.
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In the key to the study of literary texts, it is important to highlight the role of the inner form of the word as the transponder of the explicit and implicit layers of the content of the literary text, the means of conceptualization (pregnancy) in the blocks of interpersonal communication. This is determined by the relevance of the chosen topic.
Since most scholars emphasize the motivation of the IF word, in this work we will use the following definition: IF words – this is a motivational sign fixed in the word that is the bearer of imagery and contributes to the disclosure of the associative-figurative potential of the artistic text, the expression of intentions and communicative strategies and tactics in interpersonal communication.
In our work, it is important to disclosure the role and functions of in-form nominations, repeated in the blocks of strategic tactical interaction of characters of flash fiction or in the author's speech.
The material of the research makes it possible to draw the following discussion: repeated intraformal nominations used in the speech of characters of artistic texts of small prose are explicants of target-oriented communicative intentions, strategies and tactics, additional exponents of character characteristics, means of internal connectivity, and the internal form of such lexical units contributes to the expansion of the content boundaries of the text, the emergence of new associative-shaped shades, the actualization of new pragmatic meanings.
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Yamaguchi, Toshiko. "The semantic change of ato ‘later, behind’ in Japanese." Journal of Historical Pragmatics 13, no. 1 (February 10, 2012): 72–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.13.1.04yam.
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This paper explores the semantic change of the polysemous Japanese word ato from the perspective of metonymy. In order to define how metonymy contributed to ato’s semantic development, I employ Peirce’s conception of the sign. I argue that the rise of ato’s meanings reflects the relations between the components of Peirce’s semiotic model; that is, representamen, object and interpretant. This account challenges a major previous study by Heine, Claudi and Hünnemeyer that approaches semantic change from the perspective of the conceptual notion “metaphor from metonymy”, putting two aspects, namely family resemblance and unidirectionality, to the fore. While I concur with Panther, who identifies metonymy as an indexical (pointing-to) operation, it will be shown that the crucial factor in ato’s semantic change is that indexicality operates in a triadic fashion facilitated by various cognitive processes. That is, Peirce’s “thirdness”, the concept that a sign mediates between the interpretant and its object, is the key to an account of ato’s semantic change.
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Utama, Satria Putra. "EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI JAGUNG DI DESA SUKA PINDAH." Jurnal AGRISEP 3, no. 1 (April 10, 2006): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.3.1.126-134.
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The general objective of the study was to estimate technical efficiency of farmers under Bengkulu Regional Development Project (BRDP) through Unit Pengelola Keuangan Desa (UPKD) of com farmers' practice in Suka Pindah, Lubuk Pinang Sub-district, Bengkulu Province. Suka Pindah was choosen by purposive method because this area one of the production center for com in Bengkulu Province. The research was conducted on December 2003, using a total of 30 respondents chosen by simple random sampling from 138 farmers. The stochastic frontier production function estimation using MLE showed that seed and labour had positive significant influence on the value of the output. Nitrogen (urea) coefficient had negative sign but this was not Significant. SP36, KGf, Herbidde and UPKD had positive sign, but these were not significant. The average of technical efficiency was 70 % for the com farmers'in Suka Pindah, it's mean that there is chance to increase the effiCiency around 30 % more compare to the best farmers' practices. Key word: Bengkulu Regional Development Project (BRDP), technical efficiency
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Zavarzina, Galina A. "Diachronic model of the word “official” in the Russian language: semantic features and vectors of development." Russian Language Studies 19, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2021-19-2-155-166.
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The relevance of this article is determined by the demand for the stereotype of a civil servant in Russian public communication and the need for its regular research in order to form an objective public opinion and determine the dynamics of social processes. The purpose of the research was to identify and describe the changes in terms of the content of the language sign official in the Russian language in Pre-Soviet, Soviet and modern periods. The methods of synchronous, diachronic, component, lexicographic and contextual analysis are used in the paper. The study was carried out on the material of lexicographic sources and modern mass media discourse on government administration. For the first time, the main vectors for developing semantics of the key lexical unit of the administrative language in the modern period were identified and described. The changes were caused by the destruction of ideologized subject-conceptual semes of the Soviet era; by the expansion of paradigmatic and syntagmatic ties, reflecting the disappearance of geo-conditioned characteristics and consolidating the features of the hierarchy of the modern management, as well as by the actualization and unification of the verbal sign. It is concluded that, in terms of the semantics of the studied verbal signs, there is a traditionally stable pejorative-evaluative emotiveness due to the sociocultural context which is reflected in associative characteristics - stimuli indicating human weaknesses associated primarily with violated moral and ethical norms. The prospects of the research are seen in continuing the synchronous-diachronic study of the most important for the modern Russian language verbal signs official, manager, bureaucrat, functionary in the lexical-semantic field bureaucracy, which is actively developing, and in using the proposed methods of analysis to study other subsystems of the Russian language.
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Savula, Andriy. "ABSOLUTE COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE IN THE POETRY OF HORACE, VІRGIL AND OVID: SEMANTICS, STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONALITY." Inozenma Philologia, no. 135 (December 15, 2022): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/fpl.2022.135.3811.
Full textAbstract:
The semantic, structural and functional features of the absolute comparative and superlative in the poetry of Horace, Virgil and Ovid are investigated and described in the article. The cases of using the absolute comparative and superlative in the Latin text are considered. The subject of research was the morphological means of transmission for comparative and superlative. The study used a descriptive method for inventory, classifi cation and interpretation of means for absolute intensifi cation and contextual analysis to determine the functional features of comparative and superlative in a particular microtext. Together with component analysis, this method allows analyzing words by semantic nature. The analysis of the text allowed us to reveal that comparativus absolutus, superlativus absolutus belong to the morphological means of expressing the intensity of the attributive feature and are irrelevant (non-relative) to comparison, because their denotation is the feature of the object and its measure. They express only the increased excess of the degree of sign of object in relation to the norm and represent only the elative (large) degree of intensity of the sign. Absolute comparative and superlative are considered in a simple construction (phrase), in combination with the denoted word: noun-subject or noun-object (rarely pronoun). They can stand in the preposition or the postposition in relation to the denoted word. In addition to simple two-membered constructions, poets use more complex three-membered or four-membered ones. Complex types of constructions enrich the content of the context with additional attributive qualities, and as well as two-membered ones help to strengthen the image of the poem. Comparativus absolutus in works of the authors was found less than superlativus absolutus. Virgil did not use it at all. Combined with the denoted words, both degrees belong to six lexical-semantic groups (LSG). Among them there are two major groups: 1) LSG with the expression of the intensity of physical quantity, quantity, weight, physical and spatial volume; 2) partial-evaluation and evaluation adjectives. Key words: absolute comparative, absolute superlative, intensity, degrees of comparison of adjectives, elative.
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Sussex, Roland D. "‘Opioid’, opioids, pain, language and communication." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 50, no. 1-2 (March 2022): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x211068043.
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Over the last decades public discussion of opioids has changed radically. Opioid was once a word largely restricted to professional medical and pharmacological use for the treatment and management of pain. But propelled by the rapidly growing international wave of opioid use and overuse, it is now part of a much wider public discussion that covers more than pain medicine: dependency, addiction, over-prescription and oversupply, recreational drug use, and criminal drug trafficking. The word opioid is now controversial and value-laden. A key component of the developing views and values about opioids is carried by language, both written and spoken: on radio and television, in the social media, but also between healthcare professionals and patients, where communicating about pain in a context of emotionally and value-charged images of opioids can be challenging. This paper analyses aspects of the language of opioids. We document the shift from medical to addiction meanings and uses in the key term opioid, together with narcotic, drug, heroin, and to a lesser degree opiate and morphine. These changes follow four chronological phases in attitudes to pain and its treatment: traditional medical approaches to pain; pain being recognised as an under-treated ‘fifth vital sign’; the pharmacological and medical promotion of opioid use for treating pain, especially chronic pain; and the current reaction where opioid has become a pejorative and emotive term, closely connected to words like epidemic and addiction. We investigate whether and how a less charged and more balanced discourse might be possible.
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Asadova, C. A. "Evolutionary Processes in the Italian Language of the Internet: Vocabulary and Word Formation." Linguistics & Polyglot Studies 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-1-30-8-18.
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The article is devoted to the evolutionary processes in the Italian language of the Internet, which are directly revealed at the lexical and word-formation levels. The article gives the general assessment of these processes from the point of view of a number of significant structural and sociolinguistic parameters in the context of the historical development of the Italian language. This research is based on the opposition of the language of the Internet to the structural norm of the Italian language; it is noted that the opposition is of slang nature. The key trend, as the author emphasizes, is the convergence of the oral and written forms of speech reflected in the used and normatively fixed forms of word-formation, in which traditional models as well as mixed polycodes (alphanumeric and/or alpha pictorial) are extensively used. Studying the media communication influence on the development of the Italian language, the author relies on the classification of the functional parameters of the opposition − convergence of written and oral forms of speech − by the Italian linguist G. Berruto. The main notions, which characterize such evolution, − diamesia, diastratia, diatopia, diafasia are studied. G. Berruto’s concept is developed by another Italian linguist G. Antonelli who singles out the language of the Internet communication as the culminating point of evolution. The article studies a large number of language examples revealing the picture of word-formation in the Italian language of the Internet. Word-formation is interpreted as the main factor in the normative evolution of the Italian language in the Internet communication. Particular attention is paid to contaminated word-formation methods, creolized forms of a language sign (contraction, pictogram), which are typical of the Internet language, as well as unregulated use of punctuation marks, and spelling violation. The article shows slang forms of lexical speech usage and word-formation in the Italian language of the Internet. The structural-linguistic and semiotic interpretation of the Italian Internet word-formation is given. The article carries out the rubrication of models and types of word-formation in the Italian language of the Internet. The article is suggested to specialists who are interested in semiotics of the Internet language, modern development trends of the Italian language, the peculiarities of Italian lexicology and word-formation.
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Zuluaga-Gomez, Juan, Karel Veselý, Alexander Blatt, Petr Motlicek, Dietrich Klakow, Allan Tart, Igor Szöke, et al. "Automatic Call Sign Detection: Matching Air Surveillance Data with Air Traffic Spoken Communications." Proceedings 59, no. 1 (December 3, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020059014.
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Voice communication is the main channel to exchange information between pilots and Air-Traffic Controllers (ATCos). Recently, several projects have explored the employment of speech recognition technology to automatically extract spoken key information such as call signs, commands, and values, which can be used to reduce ATCos’ workload and increase performance and safety in Air-Traffic Control (ATC)-related activities. Nevertheless, the collection of ATC speech data is very demanding, expensive, and limited to the intrinsic speakers’ characteristics. As a solution, this paper presents ATCO2, a project that aims to develop a unique platform to collect, organize, and pre-process ATC data collected from air space. Initially, the data are gathered directly through publicly accessible radio frequency channels with VHF receivers and LiveATC, which can be considered as an “unlimited-source” of low-quality data. The ATCO2 project explores employing context information such as radar and air surveillance data (collected with ADS-B and Mode S) from the OpenSky Network (OSN) to correlate call signs automatically extracted from voice communication with those available from ADS-B channels, to eventually increase the overall call sign detection rates. More specifically, the timestamp and location of the spoken command (issued by the ATCo by voice) are extracted, and a query is sent to the OSN server to retrieve the call sign tags in ICAO format for the airplanes corresponding to the given area. Then, a word sequence provided by an automatic speech recognition system is fed into a Natural Language Processing (NLP) based module together with the set of call signs available from the ADS-B channels. The NLP module extracts the call sign, command, and command arguments from the spoken utterance.
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Marjiatun Hujaz, Nur Huda, and Syihabudin Qalyubi. "ANALISIS SEMANTIK KATA ZAWJ DALAM AL-QUR’AN." AL ITQAN: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an 4, no. 2 (August 13, 2018): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47454/itqan.v4i2.684.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to examines the meaning of zawj in al-Qur'an. This research is a qualitative research using descriptive-analysis method. Descriptive-analysis method aims to analyze the zawj’ word in the Qur'an. The meaning of zawj in the Qur'an is very vareative. In the Koran with various derivations, the word zawj is 21 derivations contained in 72 verses of 43 surahs and is mentioned in 81 times. The researcher used the semantic analysis of al-Qur'an which was initiated by Toshihiko Izutsu who tried to address the world view of Qu'ran (weltanschauung) through semantic analysis of the vocabulary and key terms in the Qur’an. This research concludes that the basic meaning of the word zawj is something that is not singular or something that has an equivalent. Zawj can be interpreted as: a husband in the surah (al-Mujādalah [58]: 1;wife in the surah (al-Baqarah [2]: 35; a partner, namely Allah created all beings in pairs (az-Dzariyat [51]: 49;animals are male and female pairs (al-An'ām [6]: 143), plants (al-Syu'arā [367]: 7); and groups (al-Wāqi'ah [56]: 7. In the pre- Qur'anic, the word zawj is defined as a rug. In the Qur'anic period it is divided into two, namely Mecca and Medina. The Mecca period has a close meaning with the sign of the greatness of Allah and the pleasure that Allah gives. The Medina period contains the laws of separation. In the post-Qur'anic period, the word zawj describes gender equality, that men and women are the same components without being differentiated, so that there is a harmonious life in pairs.
Keywords :Diachronic, Izutsu,Semantic, Synchronic, Zawj.
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Stritmatter, Roger, and Shelly Maycock. "A Kingdom for a Mirth." Critical Survey 34, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 42–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cs.2022.340404.
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This article offers a reading of the famously problematic scene 5.2 of Antony and Cleopatra, in which Cleopatra prepares to meet her death by the bite of the ‘worm’ (5.2.233–290). In this scene, and this scene alone, the Egyptian asp is called by the Anglo-Saxon term ‘worm’ nine times. Repetition, suggests Frankie Rubinstein, may in Shakespeare be a sign of a pun. Samuel Johnson characterised the homophonic resonance of punning as ‘Shakespeare’s Fatal Cleopatra’, but Rubinstein insists that for Shakespeare ‘“reason, propriety, and truth” were not sacrificed by the Shakespearean “quibble” but emerge from it’. In Antony and Cleopatra, punning is one key linguistic expression of the play’s entwinement with the principles of alchemical transmutation and preference for ‘becoming’ in the ancient dichotomy between being and becoming. As Richard Whalen first proposed in 1991, the ninefold iteration of ‘worm’ in the scene may be a pun on an Aristocratic French name, since the word ‘worm’ in French is Ver.
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Коробкина and N. Korobkina. "Oxymoronim as a Semantic Unity of Contrasts." Modern Communication Studies 5, no. 3 (June 10, 2016): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19821.
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An oxymoronimis is considered as a reflection of linguistic duality and a
result of conceptual integration. An oxymoronimas as a result of a modern
word creation and an oxymoron as a well-known stylistic device are
compared structurally and semantically. The key semantic sign of an oxymoronim
(a unity of contrasts) is singled out. In addition to that a possible
definition of this notion is stated.On the one hand a cognitive dissonance
of an oxymoron is underlined, on the other hand an attention is paid on the
instability, diffusion and emergence of an oxymoronim’s semantics. It is obviously
possible to interpret a lexical meaning of an oxymoronim by means
of the following: extralinguistic and linguistic contexts of its appearance and
functioning and this nomination’ssynonymic paroemias. Uniqueness of an
occasional oxymoronimis is noted for the Russian lingvoculture in view of
quantitative leveling of these linguistic novelties in the communicative space
of the modern English language.
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Ferreccio, Giuliana. "Modernist Drama and Referentiality: T.S. Eliot’s Sweeney Agonistes and Walter Benjamin’s Trauerspiel." Literature of the Americas, no. 13 (2022): 109–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2022-13-109-133.
Full textAbstract:
“Words strain, / Crack and sometimes break, … will not stay in place, / Will not staystill” (Burnt Norton V). Using words and not being used by them is rare to Eliot’s thought tormented figures, from his drama Sweeney Agonistes to Four Quartets. The struggle with words is a constant trait of Eliot’s poetry, besides being common among modernists all over Europe. His drama’s broken syntax mirrors the clashing mixture of Aeschylean tragedy, Aristophanic comedy, and the popular culture of music-hall, cabaret, and jazz, which make up the play. As a result, the play brings forth a modernistic defamiliarizing, and metatheatrical effect, by breaking up the linear rapport between action and word, actor and gesture, sign and signified. Poetic drama or unfinished poem, Sweeney Agonistes has been recently revalued (Chinitz, Buttram, Daniel, Cuda), but in its daring avant-garde experimentalism (de Villiers), still eludes interpretations, mainly because of the far from clear reason why Eliot neither finished it nor included it in his theatrical production. If, however, we place the play in the context of various dramatic theories and plays of the time, we may read its incongruities, and disjunctions between words and things, as a one of the modernistic traits that were widely discussed at the time, among others, by Walter Benjamin in The Origin of the German Trauerspiel. Benjamin’s new way of looking at allegory, stressing its self-referential import, may help us find one more key to the revolutionary direction Eliot had envisaged in his non-dramatic tragedy. As Eliot himself said of Seneca: “the drama is all in the word and the word has no further reality behind it”. Although a link between Eliot’s conservative modernism and Benjamin’s messianism would seem unlikely, recent studies have highlighted some of their common ground (Neilson, Lehman). In order to account for the play’s disjunctions and metatheatrical language, I will dwell on Eliot’s notion of the dissociation of sensibility (1920–1927) comparing it to Benjamin’s allegorical perception, or “the falling apart of modern man”.
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Le Van, Laura, Rocco Crino, and Samantha Corneille. "Can Motivational Interviewing follow-up calls improve the implementation and retention of a specific communication support (Key Word Sign) by staff supporting people with an intellectual disability? A pilot project." Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability 44, no. 1 (June 25, 2017): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2017.1310808.
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Starling, David. "Baptists, Scripture, and the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification." Pro Ecclesia: A Journal of Catholic and Evangelical Theology 30, no. 4 (October 19, 2021): 420–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10638512211047174.
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The approach taken in this paper is based on two key considerations: (1) the emphasis that the Baptist theological tradition places on the role played by Scripture and its interpretation in the formulation, judgment, and renewal of our confessional statements; and (2) the testimony of the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification ( JDDJ) that the common understanding it articulates is grounded in a “common way of listening to the word of God in Scripture” ( JDDJ §8) and was derived, at least in part, by “appropriating insights of recent biblical studies” ( JDDJ §13). Its primary content is a brief summary of relevant discussions on justification and related themes in recent New Testament scholarship, some reflections on those discussions, and some suggestions for how those understandings might inform a collective Baptist response to the Joint Declaration. It concludes that the JDDJ should be taken by Baptists as a sign of hope and an encouragement to further conversation, including a distinctively Baptist explication of the common understanding stated in JDDJ §§15–17.
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Zaslonkina, Anna. "ICONIC ENCODING OF CORPOREALITY IN MODERN ENGLISH." Germanic Philology Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 833 (December 2021): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/gph2021.833.38-47.
Full textAbstract:
The literature on the unity of emotional, volitional, intellectual, and physical states within the holistic cognitive-semantic context of corporeality shows a variety of approaches. The originality of our solution lies in the fact that the object of the prеsеnt study is the domain of Grеimassian sеmiotic thеory (including the so-called thymic category) that has been further developed: Taking into consideration that people use basic-level concepts regularly, we hypothesised that thymic category members can be selected, given that these category members are yielding information on the semantics of perception in the elementary concepts of Modern English. The data obtained suggests that the information on the thymic category is conveyed by the conceptual triad SENSE : FEELING : EMOTION. Furthermore, cognitive and onomasiological features of the basic-level concepts have been analysed. Thus, the previous research has been extended by clarifying the semiotic structure of the thymic category in Modern English and presenting the results on the distribution of cognitive-onomasiological capability within the framework of derivatives of the verbalized conceptual triad SENSE : FEELING : EMOTION. The iconic character of this conceptual complex is one of the means of naïve worldview reconstruction in word-formation. Notably, the iconic aspect is marked by cognitive-semantic shift of the thymic-neuter indices of the conceptual thymic information to its thymic-extremal analogues. This could be a result of the fact that the shift of a given type is based on the correlation of evaluation of the sign-motivator and expressive-gnoseological functions of perception performed by the native speakers. The reconstruction of the thymic composites domain reveals that the motivators of sensory type prevail. Besides, the cognitive-semantic shift was detected: the motivators are represented by the derivatives of the verbalized concept SENSE, while the concept EMOTION is lacunary, a fortiori the composite words with feel and sensation constituents are semantically more mobile and expressive. Key words: concept, corporeality, iconicity, semiosis, sign.
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Gladilin, Valeriy, Tatiana Siroshtan, Irina Gamalij, Nataliia Shudra, and Petro Chulanov. "CONSTRUCTION OF GEODESIC NETWORKS ON THE BASIS OF THE THEORY OF MARKOV ACCIDENTAL PROCESSES AND THE THEORY OF RELIABILITY." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 80 (May 30, 2022): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2022.80.115-130.
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As mentioned above, the theory of reliability was mainly developed for technical devices. However, nowadays it is widely used in construction, and is also beginning to be used in geodesy. By abstracting its position can be successfully transferred to systems that do not seem to be in a dynamic state. Take, for example, the polygon metric network in the city. It would seem that such a network is in a static state, but over time it undergoes changes, ie it is in subtle dynamics and its reliability is gradually declining.
Reliability in the broadest sense of the word means the ability of a technical device (system, network) to uninterrupted (trouble-free) operation for a specified period of time under certain conditions. This period of time is usually due to the time of a task. Which is carried out by a device or system and is part of the overall operational task.
Currently, the problem of reliability is becoming one of the key problems of technology and management. Ensuring the reliable operation of all elements of the system is of paramount importance.
Improving reliability requires special study and quantitative analysis of the phenomena associated with accidental failures of devices or systems. At this time, the theory of reliability has become a special science that makes extensive use of probable methods of examination.
In the theory of reliability there are two types of failures: sudden and gradual. Consider sudden failures. Sudden device failures are understood as an instantaneous failure, which means that it cannot be used, and these failures occur at some random point in time.
The reliability of the system depends on the composition and number of elements included in it, on the type of integration into the system and on the characteristics of each individual element. An element is to be understood as any device that is not subject to further disconnection, the reliability of which is specified or determined experimentally. By assembling such elements in different ways into systems, we will solve the problem of determining the reliability of the system depending on the reliability of its elements.
The reliability of elements and systems is determined by numerical characteristics. We give some definitions of these characteristics for the element and the system as a whole.
The reliability of the element is the probability that the element in certain conditions will work flawlessly over time, its probability is denoted. With increasing time, reliability usually decreases; with probability.
In the geodetic literature, the term "reliability" is often used, which means the accuracy of the obtained results of geodetic measurements. However, the reliability of a geodetic sign or network as a whole, from the point of view of reliability theory should be considered, for example, the ability of a sign or network to survive on the ground without changing location (without changing spatial coordinates) for a given period of time under certain conditions. In other words, the reliability of a geodetic sign or network as a whole is the probability that the sign or network in these conditions will fail to "work" until the end of a given time.
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Lysetska, Nataliia. "The Reception of Lesia Ukrainka’s Works in German: The Significance of the Concept of “Struggle”." Kyiv-Mohyla Humanities Journal, no. 8 (December 24, 2021): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/kmhj249189.2021-8.85-101.
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The article examines individual German translations of works by Lesia Ukrainka in various genres, which activate the concept of “struggle.” To establish the linguistic and stylistic analogues, coincidences, and diff erences of the translated works, their typological comparison with the original Ukrainian sources was carried out. It was found that key motifs in the works of Lesia Ukrainka, such as aff ection, resilience, courage, confrontation, and great strength of will and spirit are factors that form the concept of “struggle.” The conceptual meanings and axiological values of the concept of “struggle” created by the poetess are: internal strength and independence; free choice, freedom, and liberty; the desire to have freedom and longing for it as the beginning or continuation of the struggle, a sign of insubordination, the spirit of disobedience; the word as a future weapon for the native language and Ukraine; the desire to prevail; the antithesis of death, sad thoughts, obedience, and others. The analysis revealed that there are some linguistic and stylistic diff erences in the analyzed German translations that are related to the peculiarities of German grammar and word formation. The selection of German equivalents sometimes further reinforces the emphasis of the original text. The concept of “struggle” in Lesia Ukrainka’s works in the analyzed translations into German by well-known translators fully reveals the conceptual picture of the author’s works and expands the possibilities of the reception of Ukrainian linguistic culture for German-speaking readers.
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Muhmmad Shakil Ur Rehman, Nazia Suleman, and Mohammad Shafi. "A Feminist Stylistic Pursuit: Investigation of Sidhwa’s The Bride (1990) to Decode Gendered Language-Use." International Journal of Linguistics and Culture 2, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.37.
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By applying Sara Mill’s Feminist Stylistics (1995), the study aims to unfold the implicit gender stereotyping in Sidhwa’s The Bride(1990). The fictional work of Sidhwa is investigated to problematize how gender representation strengthens the proposition of Sara Mills (1995) that men are described linguistically according to their names, titles, profession and physical appearance that lead to make them superior in comparison to women. By implying the feminist stylistics as a “toolkit” (Mills, 1995, p.2), it is to highlight a particular type of sexist language-use in the novel that paints a hegemonic ideology for gender disparity. The key objective of the study is to question through the language use as is recommended by the undertaken framework - word, phrase/sentence, discourse to demonstrate how physical appearances, hair style, title-addresses, names and clothing etc. play an overriding role to uphold gender disparity. The ethnic and religious identification of people are categorized also on their specific dresses and get-ups to manifest disparity based on socio-cultural norms. The findings of the present research recommend that socio-cultural conventional gender taboos are manufactured through a specific language-use to serve masculine’s interests as a sign of authority and dominance over women. The culturally gendered language portrayed in the novel is meant to discriminate against women, if they resist it, they are treated as ‘other’ and ‘unnatural’ by male dominated society.
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Wijaya, Venice, and Tengku Thyrhaya Zein. "VISUAL AND VERBAL IN LINE MESSENGER APPLICATION: A SEMIOTIC STUDY." JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics & Literature) 5, no. 2 (August 15, 2020): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/joall.v5i2.10268.
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Nowadays, the usage of stickers especially in LINE Messenger is very popular, especially among teenagers. In spite of that, misunderstanding is still happen often. The reasons for choosing LINE stickers are that they are full-sized and expressive so many users can face a misunderstanding while using it. Also LINE provides a wide range of kind of stickers, and that it is very important for users to understand the meaning of each sticker to avoid misunderstanding. This study aims to identify the elements of visual and verbal signs contained in LINE messenger. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The data used in this study is 20 visual (stickers) and verbal (texts), in which sticker is the main data meanwhile text is used as supporting data. The source of the data in this study is LINE Messenger. The data was then analyzed by using semiotic theory with a trichotomy model proposed by Charles Sanders Peirce. The results of the analysis show that every sticker contains qualisign aspects such as colors, gestures, etc., but not every meaning contain in the sticker is affected by their quality. It is also shown that every sticker is replica, but it still refers to the law. Every sticker must also share at least one similar characteristic or icon with the object they represents and the sticker used must base on the topic which occurred. The symbol is in the form of key word which makes it easier for the user to choose the sticker variations. Rheme and dicent show that meaning can be derived from the elements contain in the stickers. The differences are rheme contain qualisign and icon, meanwhile dicent only contain secondness aspects. Argument shows that meaning can be derived from hypotheses, standards in society, or even the sign itself. Keywords: LINE messenger, Sign, Visual, Sticker
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Sholahudin, Umar. "SELEBRASI PERNIKAHAN ARTIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF TEORI MASYARAKAT KONSUMSI BAUDRILLARD." Journal of Urban Sociology 2, no. 2 (September 6, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jus.v2i2.991.
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Globalization and modernization have given birth to a consumption society. Individuals or groups of people expressively celebrate excessive consumption. One of the celebratory phenomena of overconsumption in our society is marriage among artists; Rafii-Gigi's wedding. A marriage that contains values of piety and religiosity, is reduced to a celebration of the consumption of goods and services filled with signs. A sign to gain social image and prestige. How these social phenomena are read analytically by sociological theory; Baudrillard theory of consumption society. This research is a qualitative research using literature method. Data and information collected from the mass media and facts that occur. The results showed, the existence of a person is determined by what goods or commodities are consumed. Self-existence is no longer determined by the way and how the individual thinks, but what and how the individual produces as much image and priority as possible. The super luxurious celebration of Raffi-Gigi's wedding and being a social magnet is a reflection of the moderation of a consumption society that is devoid of public morality. Show of "permissibility" is the right of every individual, but it is necessary to remember also not to show luxury and glamor to destroy the sensitivity and human values. Key Word :Celebrations, Artist Weddings, Society Consumption Theory
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Mozzhilin, Sergey I. "St. John’s theorem." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 21, no. 4 (December 16, 2021): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2021-21-4-399-404.
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The article analyzes the spiritual-mystical components underlying speech, language and self-consciousness of a person. The research is carried out on the basis of an interdisciplinary scientific approach. The main attention is focused on the prologue of St. John, considered as a scientific theorem that paves the way for solving the problem of the existence of language and human self-consciousness. The methodological basis of the study is the author's concept of the formation of a sign-symbol of a mystical, disembodied being – a spirit, which formed the basis of a face symbol, in the phylogeny of humanity, as a consequence of mental mechanisms of transfer and replacement. This concept is used for the first time in the aspect of comprehending the prologue of St. John, which is the novelty of the study. The work logically substantiates the impossibility of the existence of the human word, and at the same time of abstract thinking and self-consciousness, without the psychic reality of an incorporeal, mystical controller and verbal designer of thought – namely, the spirit that prompts the subject to incessant acts of identification with him. At the same time, the logic of the study allows us to draw a conclusion about the scientific truth of the prologue of St. John, with regard to the beginning of human language and self-consciousness. Also, as a conclusion, the author emphasizes the key importance of a religious belief in a mystical ruler for the realization of the existence of language and self-consciousness of a person.
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Syao, Czin'yuy, and Ol'ga Ivanova. "M. Bakhtin and G. Shpet in the context of Hermeneutics and Communication Theory: legacy and research prospects." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 11, no. 6 (December 14, 2022): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9103-2022-11-6-14-23.
Full textAbstract:
M. M. Bakhtin and G. G. Shpet play an important role in the history of the humanities in Russia. Their philosophical views correspond to the time of their lives and generally reflect the tendencies in the development of the humanities in the first half of the twentieth century. The authors of the article demonstrate a close connection and a certain continuity of philosophical views and principled positions in the theoretical concepts of G. G. Shpet and M. M. Bakhtin. This concerns not only common scientific origins and common preferences in their contemporary scientific research, but, above all, conceptual convergence in a number of fundamental issues that unite both scientists by the framework of hermeneutics and, more specifically, the hermeneutical model of communication. This concerns common views on the methodology of humanitarian knowledge, the methodology of cognition, the intersubjectivity of understanding, an interest in the dynamics of development, co-being and deed, an attitude to the word as a sign, to contextualization as a condition of finding meaning, an attitude to speech as a deed, its belonging to the author, in general - an interest in the practice of social interaction between people, etc. The theories of G.G. Shpet and M.M. Bakhtin, each in its own way, are valuable, multifaceted and not fully exhausted in terms of scientific potential, projection and influence on modern humanitarian science. The authors insist on the need to consider the hermeneutic component of the works of M.M. Bakhtin and G.G. Shpet in tandem, using the methodology of comparative and comparative analysis. Particular emphasis is placed on the way in which M.M. Bakhtin developed and used in his works the principles of H.G. Shpet's hermeneutics, in particular his hermeneutic model of communication, extending it with the cultural component and extending "to all the sign phenomena of intellectual life". Of great scientific interest is the comprehensive (comparative) study of all the scientific works of M.M. Bakhtin and G.G. Shpet as an aggregate phenomenon in the history of Russian (Soviet) philosophy, including its relationship to communicativism. Such a study, in the opinion of the authors, is extremely needed and could yield useful results right now. The key concepts of G.G. Shpet and M.M. Bakhtin's theories - personality, uniqueness, identity, individuality, word, value, deed, responsibility, understanding, dialogue - become more than relevant scientific categories and targets of the dynamics of world and society development from the perspective of all forms and aspects of globalization we are experiencing, in conditions of radical nationalism and populism, with regard to modern trends in international relations and social interaction.
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Glembotskaya, Yana, and Ilya Kuznetsov. "Text-Mentative in Russian Literature of the XX-XXI Centuries." Ideas and Ideals 13, no. 2-2 (June 15, 2021): 382–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2021-13.2.2-382-394.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the article is the text-mentative and its functioning in the Russian literature of the XX-XXI centuries. The concept of ‘mentative’ (which appeared in linguistics since the beginning of the XXI century by analogy with ‘narrative’) means a text with a mental reference, dialogically responding to the word and thought of the other. In linguistics, there is a typology of communicative strategies of the mentative in relation to the speech of the other. There are 8 strategies, they are equal logically, but unequal in dialogical and, consequently, heuristic relations. In Russian fiction, the text-mentative was established in the middle of the XIX century. That was due to the beginning of the stage of convergence of the artistic and non-artistic word in Russian literary evolution. The novel “War and Peace” by L. Tolstoy, containing multiple mentative fragments and entire chapters, became a clear sign of the mentative appearance in fiction. The stage of convergence of the artistic and non-artistic word continued until the end of the XX century, and all this time the specific weight and importance of the mentative in Russian fiction were steadily increasing. The article shows functioning of the mentative in the ideologically and artistically most important works of Russian literature of the mid – late XX century. These are novels by B. Pasternak “Doctor Zhivago”, A. Bitov “Pushkin’s House”, V. Pelevin “Generation ‘P’”, A. Chudakov “The Mist Falls on the Old Steps”, texts by A. Solzhenitsyn, V. Rasputin, V. Makanin. In all these works, the mentative allows us to formulate the key thoughts for the self-consciousness of the XX century Russian literature: morality, truth, the meaning of life and the danger of consumerism. In the XXI century, in the works by M. Kucherskaya, E. Chizhova, E. Vodolazkin, the mentative also occupies a large place, appearing in ideologically important fragments of works. As a result of the above, it is concluded that the role of the mentative in Russian literature of the XX century was steadily increasing. The authors of the article suppose that we witness starting of the stage of mental thematization of writing in the Russian literary evolution in the XXI century.
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RAZUMKOVA, Nadezhda V. "TITLE AS A FIGURATIVE AND SYMBOLIC CENTER OF BORIS PASTERNAK’S POETRY COLLECTION “OVER THE BARRIERS”." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 7, no. 2 (2021): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2021-7-2-60-76.
Full textAbstract:
This article, based on my report at the international conference dedicated to the 130th anniversary of B. L. Pasternak (China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang University, 8-10 November 2020), is aimed at studying the nature of the relationship between the title of the collection and the texts of the poems included in it. The relevance of the work is determined by the anthropocentric orientation of modern linguistics, which focuses on the linguistic personality and the world picture of the creative individual. The theoretical section discusses the methodological foundations of the research, reveals conceptual categories, highlights a complex of factors that affect the perception and understanding of Pasternak’s lyrics. The practical part of this article contains the results of a contextual analysis of the lyric works titles. The symbolic meanings of the title-trope are presented, the associative features of which correlate with the idea of overcoming limitations in the broad sense of the word. In poetic texts, the referent of the key sign is manifested by lexemes: body (intimate space), courtyard (home space), sleep (border space), street and canals (segments of urban space), railway (technogenic space), weather conditions (obstacles in the perception of the environment), ice (natural shackles that are temporary) etc. The conclusions are formulated in the following judgments: 1) the title, which is considered to be global and local “ad hoc” connectivity, makes the entire collection complete, strengthens its internal unity due to the motive of overcoming space-time boundaries; 2) the formula “over the barriers” symbolizes the boundaries both in personal and biographical terms and in the philosophical and psychological sense, emphasizes the complexity and significance of the poet’s creative quests.
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Joseph, John E. "Pictet’s Du Beau (1856) and the crystallisation of saussurean linguistics." Historiographia Linguistica 30, no. 3 (December 31, 2003): 365–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.30.3.05jos.
Full textAbstract:
Summary The key formative figure in the intellectual life of the young Ferdinand de Saussure was Adolphe Pictet (1799–1875), a family friend best remembered for his Les origines indo-européennes, ou Les Aryas primitifs: Essai de paléontologie linguistique (1859–1863). A review of its second edition written by Saussure two years after Pictet’s death contains a wealth of information about his life and work, including a description of his book Du beau, dans la nature, l’art et la poésie: Etudes esthétiques (1856). In it, Pictet makes clear that aesthetics is principally centred on the problem of the meaning of the word beauty, and that within this problem are to be found all the tensions between the rational and sensible, the intellectual and emotional, the subjective and objective, and intention and reaction, that are at the heart of the whole Enlightenment discourse on the nature of language. A number of remarks on regularity of form in nature, for example in crystallisation, find echoes in Saussure’s later characterisation of the language system, as do Pictet’s assertions about the arbitrary nature of the linguistic sign and about the signified being not a thing but a concept. Indeed, a number of ‘influences’ on Saussure which Aarsleff (1982) credited to Hippolyte Taine (1828–1893) – for whom we have no independent evidence of such influence – can more convincingly be ascribed to his early mentor Pictet. Du beau moreover provides a ‘missing link’ between the Enlightenment philosophers whose aesthetic views it details, and the traces of their philosophical positions that have repeatedly been detected in the Cours de linguistique générale.