Academic literature on the topic 'Key analytic foci'
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Journal articles on the topic "Key analytic foci"
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Omoera, Osakue Stevenson, and Daniel Eromosele Omoruan. "The River Goddess and Melody-Makers in Nigeria: A Cultural View on Majek Fashek and Victor Uwaifo." Modern Africa: Politics, History and Society 7, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26806/modafr.v7i2.239.
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The art of music-making is a mental/creative activity. However, spiritual influence cannot be ruled out in the process of constructing music. The mental activity is akin to the deployment of the intellect, while the spiritual influence could be as a result of a direct encounter or impartation by a spirit being through dream/vision as typified by two Nigerian performing artists, Majek Fashek and Victor Uwaifo, who are the foci of this study. Exploring the concept of esotericism with emphasis on music performance, this article contends that although music-making is a mental/creative activity, spiritual or extra-mental influences supervene, with particular reference to the lives and performance careers of the two selected African musicians/media celebrities from Benin City in Nigeria. In doing this, it uses historical-analytic, key informant interview (KII), and direct observation methods to critically reflect on how the supernatural influences their music-making activities.
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Lai, Wen-Hsiang, and Hsien-Hui Yang. "Analyzing Influential Factors of Lean Management." International Business Research 10, no. 3 (February 8, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v10n3p20.
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The study explores the key factors influencing Lean management and evaluates their individual weights to identify what leads to a successful hospital management. It adopts the 4P Excellence Model in Lean management to assess and measure the healthcare organizations from the five perspectives: leadership, people, partnership, processes, and products. To explore the potential factors, the study employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and multi-expert judgment to prioritize the significance of each factor. The study has led to a number of useful insights. Processes are crucial when hospitals advocate lean management. Among the 18 sub-factors in the five criteria, the most significant factors include patient-centered care, clearly defined work content, rewarding teamwork effort, continual learning and upgrading, and increasing the clinic quality. To satisfactorily carry out Lean management, a hospital should continuously strive for improvement, pursue perfection, engender organizational culture, strengthen teamwork, and create mutual trust among team members. Moreover, patient-centered care beliefs should be actively implemented. To provide seamless care, patients and their families should be the main foci. The results could be used by hospital managers to improve their skills and knowledge when implementing Lean management. In addition, the framework developed herein could potentially lend itself to many practical applications.
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Vartanian, Oshin, Erin L. Beatty, Ingrid Smith, Kristen Blackler, Quan Lam, Sarah Forbes, and Wim De Neys. "The Reflective Mind: Examining Individual Differences in Susceptibility to Base Rate Neglect with fMRI." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 7 (July 2018): 1011–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01264.
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Performance on heuristics and bias tasks has been shown to be susceptible to bias. In turn, susceptibility to bias varies as a function of individual differences in cognitive abilities (e.g., intelligence) and thinking styles (e.g., propensity for reflection). Using a classic task (i.e., lawyer–engineer problem), we conducted two experiments to examine the differential contributions of cognitive abilities versus thinking styles to performance. The results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT)—a well-established measure of reflective thinking—predicted performance on conflict problems (where base rates and intuition point in opposite directions), whereas STM predicted performance on nonconflict problems. Experiment 2 conducted in the fMRI scanner replicated this behavioral dissociation and enabled us to probe their neural correlates. As predicted, conflict problems were associated with greater activation in the ACC—a key region for conflict detection—even in cases when participants responded stereotypically. In participants with higher CRT scores, conflict problems were associated with greater activation in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and activation in PCC covaried in relation to CRT scores during conflict problems. Also, CRT scores predicted activation in PCC in conflict problems (over and above nonconflict problems). Our results suggest that individual differences in reflective thinking as measured by CRT are related to brain activation in PCC—a region involved in regulating attention between external and internal foci. We discuss the implications of our findings in terms of PCC's possible involvement in switching from intuitive to analytic mode of thought.
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Jang, Eunice Eunhee, Maryam Wagner, and Gina Park. "Mixed Methods Research in Language Testing and Assessment." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 34 (March 2014): 123–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190514000063.
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As an alternative paradigm, mixed methods research (MMR), in general, endorses pluralism to understand the complex nature of a social world from multiple perspectives and multiple methodological lenses, each of which offers partial, yet valuable, insights. This methodological mixing is not limited to mixing of methods, but extends to the entire inquiry process. Researchers in language testing and assessment (LTA) are increasingly turning to MMR in order to understand the complexities of language acquisition and interaction among various language users, and also to expand opportunities to investigate validity claims beyond the three traditional facets of construct, content, and criterion validity. We use current conceptualizations of validity as a guiding framework to review 32 empirical MMR studies that have been published in LTA since 2007. Our systematic review encompassed multiple areas of foci, including the rationale for the use of MMR, evidence of collaboration, and synergetic effects. The analyses revealed several key trends including: (a) triangulation and complementarity were the prevalent uses of MMR in LTA; (b) the majority of the studies took place predominantly in higher education learning contexts with adult immigrant or university populations; (c) aspects of writing assessment were most frequently the focus of the studies (compared to other language modalities); (d) many of the studies explicitly addressed facets of validity, and others had significant implications for expanding notions of validity in LTA; (e) the majority of the studies avoided mixing at the data analysis stage by distinguishing data types and reporting results separately; and (f) integration occurred primarily at the discussion stage. We contend that LTA should embrace MMR through creative designs and integrative analytic strategies to seek new insights into the complexities and contexts of language testing and assessment.
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Prokopyszyn, A. P. K., and A. W. Hood. "Investigating the damping rate of phase-mixed Alfvén waves." Astronomy & Astrophysics 632 (December 2019): A93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936658.
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Context. This paper investigates the effectiveness of phase mixing as a coronal heating mechanism. A key quantity is the wave damping rate, γ, defined as the ratio of the heating rate to the wave energy. Aims. We investigate whether or not laminar phase-mixed Alfvén waves can have a large enough value of γ to heat the corona. We also investigate the degree to which the γ of standing Alfvén waves which have reached steady-state can be approximated with a relatively simple equation. Further foci of this study are the cause of the reduction of γ in response to leakage of waves out of a loop, the quantity of this reduction, and how increasing the number of excited harmonics affects γ. Methods. We calculated an upper bound for γ and compared this with the γ required to heat the corona. Analytic results were verified numerically. Results. We find that at observed frequencies γ is too small to heat the corona by approximately three orders of magnitude. Therefore, we believe that laminar phase mixing is not a viable stand-alone heating mechanism for coronal loops. To arrive at this conclusion, several assumptions were made. The assumptions are discussed in Sect. 2. A key assumption is that we model the waves as strictly laminar. We show that γ is largest at resonance. Equation (37) provides a good estimate for the damping rate (within approximately 10% accuracy) for resonant field lines. However, away from resonance, the equation provides a poor estimate, predicting γ to be orders of magnitude too large. We find that leakage acts to reduce γ but plays a negligible role if γ is of the order required to heat the corona. If the wave energy follows a power spectrum with slope −5/3 then γ grows logarithmically with the number of excited harmonics. If the number of excited harmonics is increased by much more than 100, then the heating is mainly caused by gradients that are parallel to the field rather than perpendicular to it. Therefore, in this case, the system is not heated mainly by phase mixing.
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Guillotin, Delphine, Adam R. Taylor, Manuela Platé, Paul F. Mercer, Lindsay M. Edwards, Ross Haggart, Gino Miele, et al. "Transcriptome analysis of IPF fibroblastic foci identifies key pathways involved in fibrogenesis." Thorax 76, no. 1 (November 19, 2020): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214902.
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IntroductionFibroblastic foci represent the cardinal pathogenic lesion in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and comprise activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, the key effector cells responsible for dysregulated extracellular matrix deposition in multiple fibrotic conditions. The aim of this study was to define the major transcriptional programmes involved in fibrogenesis in IPF by profiling unmanipulated myofibroblasts within fibrotic foci in situ by laser capture microdissection.MethodsThe challenges associated with deriving gene calls from low amounts of RNA and the absence of a meaningful comparator cell type were overcome by adopting novel data mining strategies and by using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), as well as an eigengene-based approach to identify transcriptional signatures, which correlate with fibrillar collagen gene expression.ResultsWGCNA identified prominent clusters of genes associated with cell cycle, inflammation/differentiation, translation and cytoskeleton/cell adhesion. Collagen eigengene analysis revealed that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), RhoA kinase and the TSC2/RHEB axis formed major signalling clusters associated with collagen gene expression. Functional studies using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-edited cells demonstrated a key role for the TSC2/RHEB axis in regulating TGF-β1-induced mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 activation and collagen I deposition in mesenchymal cells reflecting IPF and other disease settings, including cancer-associated fibroblasts.ConclusionThese data provide strong support for the human tissue-based and bioinformatics approaches adopted to identify critical transcriptional nodes associated with the key pathogenic cell responsible for fibrogenesis in situ and further identify the TSC2/RHEB axis as a potential novel target for interfering with excessive matrix deposition in IPF and other fibrotic conditions.
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RANDOLPH, S. E., R. M. GREEN, M. F. PEACEY, and D. J. ROGERS. "Seasonal synchrony: the key to tick-borne encephalitis foci identified by satellite data." Parasitology 121, no. 1 (July 2000): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099006083.
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A previous analysis of tick infestation patterns on rodents in Slovakia suggested that the key to the focal distribution of western-type tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEv) in Europe is the geographically variable degree of synchrony in the seasonal activity of larval and nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks. This prediction is here tested by examining records, from 7 different countries, of the seasonal variation in the abundance of larvae and nymphs feeding on rodents or questing on the vegetation. Larvae consistently started feeding and questing earlier in the year at sites within TBEv foci than elsewhere, so that they appeared in the spring as soon as nymphs were active. Such larval–nymphal synchrony is associated with a rapid fall in ground-level temperatures from August to October as revealed by the satellite-derived index of Land Surface Temperature (LST). Likewise, of 1992 pixels sampled on a grid across Europe, the 418 that fell within TBEv foci were characterized by a higher than average rate of autumnal cooling relative to the peak midsummer LST. It is proposed that such a seasonal temperature profile may cause unfed larvae to pass the winter in quiescence, from which they emerge synchronously with nymphs in the spring.
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Dyatlov, I. A., L. I. Marinin, N. A. Shishkova, A. N. Mokrievich, and E. A. Tyurin. "The danger of anthrax soil foci during excavation." Bacteriology 5, no. 4 (2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/2500-1027-2020-4-12-19.
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The anthrax pathogen trapped in the soil forms spores that retain their viability and virulence for a long time. Analysis of the available data shows that the anthrax microbe can retain virulence in soil up to 1300 years. All this time, the soil remains dangerous for people during earthworks on the territory of anthrax soil foci. Soil foci of anthrax include anthrax burial grounds (burials), places of death, sites, spontaneous burials of animals killed by anthrax and other environmental objects containing the causative agent of anthrax. Under favorable conditions, the pathogen, being in the soil, can go through a full multiple biological cycle of its development. As a result, we observed a change in properties the pathogen isolated from soil samples taken from a 70 years age cattle burial ground. Key words: anthrax, burial ground, risk of infection, PCR
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Jeaco, Stephen. "Key words when text forms the unit of study." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 25, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 125–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.18053.jea.
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Abstract Throughout the social sciences, there has been growing pressure to present effect sizes when publishing empirical data (see American Psychological Association, 2001; Parsons & Nelson, 2004). While it seems indisputable that for the majority of quantitative research foci, effect size is an essential element of statistical analysis, this paper argues that specifically for key word analysis in corpus linguistics, the means of reporting effect size must depend on the level of the unit of study of each investigation (single text, collection or large corpus). After exploring some main criticisms of the log-likelihood measure, this paper unpacks the parameters of different measures for keyness and how they might address underlying concerns. It maintains that for the exploration of foregrounded/deviant/salient/marked features in text, the use of log-likelihood scores to rank the results is still fit for purpose and coupled with Bayes Factors is a solid approach for key word analyses.
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Abdel, Z. Zh, Т. V. Меkа-Меchеnkо, А. А. Аbdirasilova, R. S. Musagaliyeva, Zh S. Dalibayev, E. Zh Begimbayeva, I. B. Utepova, et al. "Biological properties and molecular and genetic characteristics of plague microbe strains circulating in sandy natural plague foci of the Republic of Kazakhstan." Bacteriology 5, no. 3 (2020): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/2500-1027-2020-3-25-33.
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Since 2010, an active course of epizootics with the release of the plague pathogen, isolated from hosts and vectors has been established in 8 autonomous foci of the plague from 14 autonomous foci of the Central Asian plague focus in Kazakhstan. It was necessary to take into account the parameters of variability of the main component of the parasitic system – the plague microbe in the process of certification of landscape and epizootological zoning of natural foci of plague in Kazakhstan. The aim of the work was to study the phenotypic and genetic properties of strains of the plague microbe isolated in natural sandy plague foci of Kazakhstan. Materials and methods. The work used 1196 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated over the past 10 years (2010–2019) from natural sandy plague foci, strain passports, literature sources, data on certification of plague foci in Kazakhstan. The study of the strains was carried out by bacteriological, serological and molecular genetic methods. Results. Certification and typification of the territories of sandy plague foci were carried out, taking into account the phenotypic and molecular-genetic properties of Y. pestis strains isolated from 12 autonomous foci of the Central Asian plague focus of Kazakhstan in 2010–2019. According to the results of the study, 84 atypical strains were identified. As a result of the analysis, 18 genotypes were identified among the studied strains, of which 13 (72.2%) were unique and did not repeat in the sample. The remaining 5 genotypes formed 5 clusters, combining 20 strains (60.6%) and all strains were phylogenetically assigned to representatives of the Mediaevalis biovar. Key words: plague microbe, plague foci, phenotypic features, molecular genetic features
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Key analytic foci"
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Keddie, Amanda, and edu au jillj@deakin edu au mikewood@deakin edu au wildol@deakin edu au kimg@deakin. "Little boys: the potency of peer culture in shaping masculinities." Deakin University. School of Education / School of Social & Cultural Studies, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20041216.100720.
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This study explores the peer group understandings of five male friends between the ages of six and eight years and seeks to examine the ways in which the groups social dynamics interact to define, regulate and maintain dominant and collective understandings of masculinities. Within a self-selected affinity context, and drawing on their lived and imagined experiences, the boys enact and interpret their social worlds.
Adopting the principles of ethnography within a framework of feminist poststructuralism and drawing on theories of groupness and gender(ed) embodiment, the boys understandings of masculinities are captured and interpreted. The key analytic foci are directed towards examining the role of power in the social production of collective schoolboy knowledges, and understanding the processes through which boys subjectify and are subjectified, through social but also bodily discourses. The boys constructions of peer group masculinities are (re)presented through a narrative methodology which foregrounds my interpretation of the groups personal and social relevances and seeks to be inductive in ways that bring to life the boys stories.
The study illuminates the potency of peer culture in shaping and regulating the boys dominant understandings of masculinity. Within this culture strong essentialist and hierarchical values are imported to support a range of gender(ed) and sexual dualisms. Here patriarchal adult culture is regularly mimicked and distorted. Underpinned by constructions of femininity as the negative other, dominant masculinities are embodied, cultivated and championed through physical dominance, physical risk, aggression and violence.
Through feminist poststructural analysis which enables a theorising of the boys subjectivities as fluid, tenuous and often characterised by contradiction and resistance, there exists a potential for interrupting and re-working particular masculinities. Within this framework, more affirmative but equally legitimate understandings and embodiments can be explored. The study presents a warrant for working with early childhood affinity groups to disrupt and contest the dominance and hierarchy of peer culture in an effort to counter-act broader gendered and heterosexist global, state and institutional structures. Framing these assertions is an understanding of the peer context as not only self-limiting and productive of hierarchies, but enabling and generative of affirmative subjectivities.
Books on the topic "Key analytic foci"
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Peari, Sagi. Further Development and Implications. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190622305.003.0006.
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This chapter provides further observations, elaboration, demarcation, and application of CEF analysis (and its two foundational pillars of Choice and Equality) as to several key issues and topics of choice-of-law process. In particular, it offers discussion of CEF’s treatment and analysis in the following contexts: (1) CEF’s analysis of the tort law category, including discussion of the centrality of the parties’ reasonable expectations concept, the “conduct regulating”/“loss distribution” distinction, and the experience of the New York Court of Appeal; (2) CEF’s analysis of the lex fori solution to choice of law, including evaluation of Savigny’s rejection of lex-fori and its centrality within choice-of-law practice; (3) CEF’s analysis of so-called “mandatory rules”, including discussion of their origin, popularity, and relation to the party autonomy principle; and (4) CEF’s analysis of the substance-procedure distinction, including discussion of its nature, practice and future direction.
Book chapters on the topic "Key analytic foci"
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"Key foci of policy analysis." In Understanding Contemporary Education, 57–63. New York, NY : Routledge, [2016]: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315559070-8.
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Worthy, Ben. "FOI in the UK: survival and afterlife." In The Politics of Freedom of Information. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719097676.003.0007.
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The conclusion addresses the issue of why FOI survived, despite a lack of public interest. The UK FOI policy proceeded in distinct stages: an inside struggle followed by an external/internal conflict. The initial success of the White Paper was driven by insiders, rather than outside influence, aided by a particular context and the ignorance or disinterest of many key figures. In the later stages the drivers were very different as a complex interplay of factors kept FOI ‘alive’ as a policy. Government commitment to its manifesto generally and Blair’s public commitment to FOI helped ‘lock-in’ the government to some form of legislation when Parliament and the media applied pressure. The chapter will briefly examine the UK legislation’s performance since 2000 across various parts of government. Drawing on academic studies (Worthy 2010: Worthy et al 2011) and official analysis (Justice 2012) it looks at the use and impact of FOI. It ends by looking at whether the fears of opponents and the hopes of supporters have come to pass.
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Meer, Nasar. "Race and social policy: challenges and obstacles." In Social Policy Review 32, 5–24. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447341666.003.0001.
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This chapter asks what the pressing racial inequalities are in contemporary British society and to what extent is social policy as a discipline equipped to analyse and respond to these. It provides an overview of some contemporary outcomes in the key areas of labour market participation, education, and criminal justice, summarising some prevailing features and patterns, before going on to explore in more detail whether social solicy as it is presently configured, focusing as it does on the concern with a redistributive notion of equality, is sufficiently well placed to grasp these. The chapter then develops a fascinating argument based on the observation of the need to fully incorporate an account of institutional racism and ‘everyday bordering’, as well as a critical understanding of the so-called ‘progressives dilemma’ set out by David Goodhart. The history of social policy as a disciplinary practice may stymie the kinds of foci that are needed. This analysis demands a recognition that mainstream social policy inquiry is parochial, but also that the object of inquiry is shaped by historical racism.