Journal articles: 'Kentucky Child Labor Association'

1

Werner, Erika F., Lauren E. Schlichting, William A. Grobman, Samara Viner-Brown, Melissa Clark, and Patrick M. Vivier. "Association of Term Labor Induction vs Expectant Management With Child Academic Outcomes." JAMA Network Open 3, no. 4 (April 10, 2020): e202503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2503.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Zafman, Kelly B., Mariam Naqvi, Stephanie Melka, James Miller, Andrei Rebarber, and Nathan S. Fox. "The Association between Intended Mode of Delivery and Maternal Morbidity in Twin Pregnancies." American Journal of Perinatology 36, no. 07 (October 29, 2018): 695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1673655.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective To compare maternal morbidity between women undergoing delivery of twins who intend to labor with those women who do not intend to labor. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing delivery of twins in a single maternal–fetal medicine practice between January 2005 and February 2018. We identified women with a twin delivery at gestational age ≥24 weeks and determined if they intended or did not intend to labor. Maternal outcomes were compared between the groups. Results A total of 788 patients were included, of whom 404 (51.3%) intended to labor and 384 (48.7%) did not intend to labor. Women who intended to labor had a high rate of vaginal delivery (VD; 79.7%). Overall, 45 (5.7%) women required blood transfusion; this was not significantly different between the groups (6.2 vs. 5.2%, p = 0.54). Women who intended to labor had a shorter hospital stay and lower blood loss. There were no significant differences for all other maternal outcomes. Conclusion In patients undergoing twin delivery, women who intend to labor have similar maternal morbidity compared with women who do not intend to labor. This supports current guidelines recommending providers offer a trial of VD for twin pregnancies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Arendt, Katherine W., and B. Scott Segal. "The Association Between Epidural Labor Analgesia and Maternal Fever." Clinics in Perinatology 40, no. 3 (September 2013): 385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clp.2013.06.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Mahdieh Seyedi, Saeid Bashirian, and Bita Fereidooni. "Is there an association between labor induction and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children?" Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics 64, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/cep.2020.01557.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: There is evidence of destructive effects of oxytocin use during labor on neurodevelopment. Purpose: This meta-analysis pooled all observational studies to determine the association between labor induction and the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children.Methods: All observational studies (case-control and cohort) were reviewed until September 2020 after searches of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, the gray literature, and conference proceedings. The pooled odds ratios (ORs), relative ratios (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CI (swere calculated as random effect estimates of association among studies.Results: All observational studies were reviewed, including 4 cohort studies including 2,885,743 participants and 3 casecontrol studies including 51,135 participants (10,961 with ADHD and 40,174 in control groups) with a sample size of 2,936,878 participants. The pooled estimates of OR and RR did not indicate a significant association between labor induction and ADHD among children (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.90–1.35) and (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.96–1.24).Conclusions: The findings showed that labor induction is not associated with an increased risk of ADHD among children. However, more studies are needed to investigate the relationship between labor induction and ADHD.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Ab-Rahim, Rossazana, and Bilal Tariq. "THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON CHILD LABOR: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SAARC AND ASEAN COUNTRIES." Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business 31, no. 1 (September 5, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jieb.22884.

Full text

Abstract:

Past studies have tended to investigate the relationship between trade and child labor under the traditional trade theories, while assuming that the trade in homogenous goods and the results show inconclusive evidence of a relationship. Hence, it would be interesting to investigate the trade effects of differentiated goods on child labor in the setting of the new trade theory. This study attempts to investigate the trade-induced child labor effects (selection, scale and technique effects) in selected Asian countries over the period from 1999 to 2013. The countries consist of the major South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries, namely: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka and selected ASEAN countries, namely: Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand, where child labor is most common. The results of this study confirm that the total impact of trade on child labor also needs to account for the selection effect, in addition to the scale and technique effects. The findings imply trade liberalization hampers the child labor market in the context of the trade in differentiated goods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Browne, Paul C., Jennifer B. Linfert, and Emilio Perez-Jorge. "Successful Treatment of Preterm Labor in Association with Acute COVID-19 Infection." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 08 (April 24, 2020): 866–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709993.

Full text

Abstract:

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection occurring during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. This case report describes successful treatment of preterm labor during acute COVID-19 infection. Standard treatment for preterm labor may allow patients with acute COVID-19 infection to recover without the need for preterm delivery. Key Points

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Pinzón-Rondón, Ángela María, Liseth B. Cifuentes, Catalina Zuluaga, Juan Carlos Botero, and Mariana Pinzon-Caicedo. "Wealth, Social Protection Programs, and Child Labor in Colombia: A Cross-sectional Study." International Journal of Health Services 48, no. 3 (January 16, 2018): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731417747421.

Full text

Abstract:

This article has 3 main objectives: (1) to assess the prevalence of child labor in Colombia, (2) to identify factors associated with child labor, and (3) to determine whether social protection programs have an association with the prevalence of child labor in the country. Using a cross-sectional study with data from the Colombian Demographic and Health Survey 2010, a working child was defined as a child who worked during the week prior to the survey in an activity other than household chores. Through descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariate regressions, it was found that child labor was associated with gender (boys were more likely to work), older age, ethnicity (children from indigenous communities were more likely to be workers), school dropout, disability (children with disabilities were less likely to be working), subsidized health social security system membership, and lower number of years of mother’s schooling. Furthermore, the results of this study suggest that children beneficiaries of the subsidy Familias en Acción were less likely to be working and that social protection programs were more effective to reduce child labor when targeting the lowest wealth quintiles of the Colombian population.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Dall'Agnol, Marinel Mór, Ana Claudia Gastal Fassa, and Luiz Augusto Facchini. "Child and adolescent labor and smoking: a cross-sectional study in southern Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 27, no. 1 (January 2011): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2011000100005.

Full text

Abstract:

This cross-sectional study assessed the association between smoking and child and adolescent labor among 3,269 individuals 10 to 17 years of age in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, in southern Brazil (excluding higher income census tracts) in 1998. Adjusted hierarchical analysis was performed using Poisson regression. Prevalence of child labor was 13.8%. Current smoking prevalence was 6.3% in the sample as a whole (15.7% among working versus 3.4% among non-working children). In the multivariate analysis, smoking was significantly associated with child labor, with a prevalence ratio of 1.75 (95%CI: 1.30-2.36). Smoking was also associated with family characteristics (lower maternal schooling, mother currently without husband/partner, household members with alcohol or drug problems, single mother, and history of serious injuries), and the children's characteristics (age greater than 16 years, inadequate school performance, and externalizing behavior). The findings point to smoking as one of the harmful consequences of child labor and suggest the workplace as an appropriate target for smoking prevention.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Yogev, Yariv, Liran Hiersch, Or Yariv, Yoav Peled, Arnon Wiznitzer, and Nir Melamed. "Association and risk factors between induction of labor and cesarean section." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 26, no. 17 (May 23, 2013): 1733–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.799661.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Krispin, Eyal, Liran Hiersch, Yulia Wilk Goldsher, Arnon Wiznitzer, Yariv Yogev, and Eran Ashwal. "Association between prior vaginal birth after cesarean and subsequent labor outcome." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 31, no. 8 (March 27, 2017): 1066–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1306513.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Runstedtler, Theresa. "More Than Just Play: Unmasking Black Child Labor in the Athletic Industrial Complex." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 42, no. 3 (March 8, 2018): 152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723518758458.

Full text

Abstract:

African Americans’ hypervisibility in sports remains a frequent point of critique. There has been a tendency to blame Black youths for their supposed “sports fixation.” Complicating this narrative of cultural pathology, I examine the foundational importance of Black boys’ athletic labor to the profitability of the sporting industries. I first trace the structural conditions (imperialism, racism, industrial capitalism) that contributed to the hypervisibility of young Black boxers at the turn of the 20th century. I then explore the contemporary conditions driving Black hypervisibility in basketball. Analyzing Hoop Dreams (1994) alongside the aggressive tactics of corporations such as Nike, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and the National Basketball Association (NBA) to recruit talent at younger and younger ages, I illustrate that Black boys are performing a kind of child labor. Similar to Black boxers from a century before, Black youths’ focus on achieving success in basketball is not just a simple matter individual “choice.” It is also symptomatic of their continued political, social, and economic marginalization in the postindustrial, neoliberal United States, which sports companies capitalize on.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Stout, Molly, Julia López, Ryan Colvin, George Macones, Alison Cahill, and Michael Yang. "Association of Fetal Heart Rate Baseline Change and Neonatal Outcomes." American Journal of Perinatology 34, no. 09 (March 16, 2017): 879–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1600911.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of baseline change within normal range during labor and its prediction of neonatal outcomes. Materials and Methods This was a prospective cohort of singleton, nonanomalous, term neonates with continuous electronic fetal monitoring and normal baseline fetal heart rate throughout the last 2 hours of labor. We determined baseline in 10-minute segments using Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria. We evaluated baseline changes of ≥ 20 and ≥ 30 bpm for association with acidemia (umbilical cord arterial pH ≤ 7.10) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis of normal neonates, excluding those with acidemia, NICU admission, or 5-minute Apgar < 4. Results Among all neonates (n = 3,021), 1,267 (41.9%) had change ≥ 20 bpm; 272 (9.0%) had ≥ 30 bpm. Among normal neonates (n = 2,939), 1,221 (41.5%) had change ≥20 bpm. Acidemia was not associated with baseline change of any direction or magnitude. NICU admission was associated with decrease ≥ 20 bpm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19 – 7.21) or any direction ≥ 20 bpm (aOR: 4.06; 95% CI: 1.46–11.29). For decrease ≥ 20 bpm, sensitivity and specificity were 40.0 and 81.7%; for any direction ≥ 20 bpm, 75.0 and 58.3%. Conclusion Changes of normal baseline are common in term labor and poorly predict morbidity, regardless of direction or magnitude.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal, Luiz Augusto Facchini, Marinel Mór Dall'Agnol, and David C. Christiani. "Child Labor and Musculoskeletal Disorders: The Pelotas (Brazil) Epidemiological Survey." Public Health Reports 120, no. 6 (November 2005): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335490512000615.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives. This article describes the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in several anatomic sites in children and teens, and investigates, while adjusting for potential confounders, the association between musculoskeletal pain and back pain and the following: age, gender, sports practice, use of computer/video games/television, school attendance, intensity of involvement in household domestic activities, care of other children, care of sick/elderly family members, work activities, and workloads. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study interviewing 3,269 children aged 10–17 years in the low-income areas of Pelotas, Brazil. Results. The prevalence of pain in the neck, knee, wrist or hands, and upper back exceeded 15%. Workers in manufacturing had a significantly increased risk for musculoskeletal pain (prevalence ratio [PR]=1.31) and for back pain (PR=1.69), while workers in domestic service had 17% more musculoskeletal pain and 23% more back pain than nonworkers. Awkward posture (PR=1.15) and heavy physical work (PR=1.07) were associated with musculoskeletal pain, while monotonous work (PR=1.34), awkward posture (PR=1.31), and noise (PR=1.25) were associated with back pain. Conclusions. Musculoskeletal pain is common among working children and teens. Knowledge of occupational risk factors can support actions to restructure work conditions to reduce or eliminate childhood exposure to hazardous conditions. Our results suggest that strategies to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in child workers should be developed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Bauer, Alison M., Justin R. Lappen, and David N. Hackney. "Term Labor Outcomes after Cerclage Placement in a Multi-institutional Cohort." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 01 (January 2020): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401851.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective The placement of a cervical cerclage in early pregnancy could influence subsequent labor outcomes at term. Prior studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the potential association with adverse labor outcomes such as cesarean delivery (CD), cervical laceration, and prolonged labor. Our objective was to evaluate rate of CD and adverse maternal outcomes in women who labored at term with and without a cerclage within the Consortium on Safe Labor (CSL) cohort. We hypothesize that women with a cerclage in the incident pregnancy will have an increased frequency of CD and other adverse term labor outcomes. Study Design A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from the CSL. Women with live nonanomalous singleton gestations≥ 37 weeks with induced or spontaneous labor were identified. The risk of CD and other maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between women with and without cerclage placement during pregnancy. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed with adjustment for confounding factors. Planned subgroup analysis by history of CD was performed. Results A total of 374 of the 147,463 patients who met study inclusion criteria in the CSL (0.25%) had a cerclage. In univariable analysis, cerclage placement was associated with a significant increase in the frequency of CD (17.1 vs. 12.8%, p = 0.016, odds ratio: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.07–1.84), cervical lacerations, infectious morbidity, and blood loss. The association with CD persisted in multivariable regression. Cerclage placement was not associated with an increased risk of neonatal morbidity. Conclusion Cerclage placement in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of CD, cervical laceration, and infectious morbidity among women delivering at term. These findings suggest that cerclage placement may impact labor progression and outcomes. However, the magnitude of the association may not alter clinical decisions regarding cerclage placement in appropriate candidates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Stafford, Irene A., Ahmed S. Z. Moustafa, Lauren Spoo, Alexandra Berra, Angela Burgess, and Mark Turrentine. "Association between Maternal Obesity Class, Adherence to Labor Guidelines, and Perinatal Outcomes." American Journal of Perinatology Reports 11, no. 02 (April 2021): e105-e112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732409.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background Data are limited concerning rates of perinatal complications in women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2 compared to women with other BMI classes when guidelines for the safe prevention of the primary cesarean delivery are applied. Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate labor guideline adherence by BMI class and to compare perinatal outcomes across BMI classes with guideline adherent management. Study Design This retrospective study included low-risk women admitted for delivery between April 2014 and April 2017 after the labor guidelines were implemented. BMI closest to delivery was used for analysis. Women with cesarean for nonreassuring fetal status were excluded. Results Guideline adherence decreased with increasing BMI, with 93% adherence among women of normal weight compared to 81% for class III obese women (p < 0.0001). Among women who had guideline-adherent management, there was increased rates of cesarean among class III versus other obesity classes; however, there were no differences in rates of infectious morbidity (p = 0.98) or hemorrhage (p = 0.93). Although newborns of women with class III obesity had higher rates of meconium at birth, neonatal outcomes were not different with increasing maternal BMI (p = 0.65). Conclusion There were no differences in adverse perinatal outcomes with increasing BMI.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Glover, Angelica V., Ashley N. Battarbee, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Kim A. Boggess, Grecio Sandoval, Sean C. Blackwell, Alan T. N. Tita, et al. "Association Between Features of Spontaneous Late Preterm Labor and Late Preterm Birth." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 04 (September 17, 2019): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1696641.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinical and examination features at admission and late preterm birth. Study Design The present study is a secondary analysis of a randomized trial of singleton pregnancies at 340/7 to 365/7 weeks' gestation. We included women in spontaneous preterm labor with intact membranes and compared them by gestational age at delivery (preterm vs. term). We calculated a statistical cut-point optimizing the sensitivity and specificity of initial cervical dilation and effacement at predicting preterm birth and used multivariable regression to identify factors associated with late preterm delivery. Results A total of 431 out of 732 (59%) women delivered preterm. Cervical dilation ≥ 4 cm was 60% sensitive and 68% specific for late preterm birth. Cervical effacement ≥ 75% was 59% sensitive and 65% specific for late preterm birth. Earlier gestational age at randomization, nulliparity, and fetal malpresentation were associated with late preterm birth. The final regression model including clinical and examination features significantly improved late preterm birth prediction (81% sensitivity, 48% specificity, area under the curve = 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68–0.75, and p-value < 0.01). Conclusion Four in 10 women in late-preterm labor subsequently delivered at term. Combination of examination and clinical features (including parity and gestational age) improved late-preterm birth prediction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Qiu, Chunyuan, Jane C. Lin, Jiaxiao M. Shi, Ting Chow, Vimal N. Desai, Vu T. Nguyen, Robert J. Riewerts, R. Klara Feldman, Scott Segal, and Anny H. Xiang. "Association Between Epidural Analgesia During Labor and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring." JAMA Pediatrics 174, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3231.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Santos Neto, Crystiane Hereny dos, Fábio Sagula Oliveira, Graciele Fernanda Gomes, Edward Araujo Júnior, Mary Uchiyama Nakamura, and Eduardo de Souza. "Type of Childbirth and its Association with the Maternal-Filial Interaction." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 42, no. 10 (June 19, 2020): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712133.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the quality of mother-child bonding in three different contexts related to the labor, that is, vaginal delivery, elective cesarean section, and intrapartum cesarean section. Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional clinical study conducted in two cities within the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 81 babies born without any major complications during pregnancy and labor, aged 3 to 4 months, and their respective mothers, aged between 20 and 35 years old, primiparous, living in the cities of Palmital and Ourinhos, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The evaluation of the quality of the maternal-filial interaction was performed through video-image analysis, using the Mother-baby Interaction Observation Protocol from 0 to 6 months (POIMB 0–6, in the Portuguese acronym). Results Mothers who had vaginal delivery had higher amount of visual contact or attempted visual contact (p = 0.034), better response to the social behavior of the child (p = 0.001) and greater sensitivity (p = 0.007) than the others. Their children also showed more interaction with them, as they looked more frequently at the mother's face (p ≤ 0.008) and responded more frequently to the mother's communicative stimulus (p < 0.001). Conclusion Considering the occurrence of vaginal delivery, it is concluded that the interaction between the mother-child dyad is quantitatively larger and qualitatively better when compared with intrapartum or elective cesarean section.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Reddy, Vinay N., David J. Aughton, David B. DeWitte, and Cheryl E. Harper. "Down Syndrome and Omphalocele: An Underrecognized Association." Pediatrics 93, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 514–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.93.3.514.

Full text

Abstract:

Omphalocele is associated with Down syndrome,1 and the concurrence of omphalocele and Down syndrome has been reported several times.1-8 However, these observations are not noted in standard genetic reference books (such as references 9 through 15), genetic databases (such as POSSUM), or pediatric textbooks (such as references 16 through 18). We report a further case of omphalocele associated with Down syndrome, in which the presence of this "atypical" major anomaly, combined with initially good muscle tone and marked but transient facial edema, led to a brief delay in recognizing the clinical diagnosis of Down syndrome. CASE REPORT The propositus was born to a 33-year-old, gravida 2, para 1 woman via primary cesarean section for face presentation after a 41-week pregnancy that was complicated by maternal hypertension and by premature onset of labor early in the third trimester, controlled by bed rest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Bae, Hae Kyoung, and Mee Kyung Jeong. "The Moderation Effect of Resilience on the Association between Child-carers’ Emotional Labor and Service Quality." Korean Council on Social Welfare Education 43 (September 30, 2018): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31409/kjswe.2018.43.29.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Chen, Han-Yang, Suneet P. Chauhan, William A. Grobman, Cande V. Ananth, Anthony M. Vintzileos, and Alfred Z. Abuhamad. "Association of labor induction or stimulation with infant mortality in women with failed versus successful trial of labor after prior cesarean." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 26, no. 12 (March 21, 2013): 1162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.777700.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Namaky, D. D., J. M. Franzese, and M. A. Eschenbacher. "Timing of induction of labor and association with nighttime delivery: a retrospective cohort." Journal of Perinatology 35, no. 12 (October 22, 2015): 1011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jp.2015.135.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Kaimal, Anjali J., William A. Grobman, Allison Bryant, Cinthia Blat, Peter Bacchetti, Juan Gonzalez, Mari-Paule Thiet, Yamilee Bermingham, and Miriam Kuppermann. "The association of patient preferences and attitudes with trial of labor after cesarean." Journal of Perinatology 39, no. 10 (July 3, 2019): 1340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41372-019-0399-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Di Renzo, G. C., L. Cabero Roura, F. Facchinetti, H. Helmer, C. Hubinont, B. Jacobsson, J. S. Jørgensen, et al. "Preterm Labor and Birth Management: Recommendations from the European Association of Perinatal Medicine." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 30, no. 17 (July 6, 2017): 2011–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1323860.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Mazaki-Tovi, Shali, Roberto Romero, Edi Vaisbuch, Juan Pedro Kusanovic, Offer Erez, Pooja Mittal, Francesca Gotsch, et al. "Adiponectin in amniotic fluid in normal pregnancy, spontaneous labor at term, and preterm labor: A novel association with intra-amniotic infection/inflammation." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 23, no. 2 (January 15, 2010): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767050903026481.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Herrera-Gómez, Antonio, Elvira De Luna-Bertos, Javier Ramos-Torrecillas, Francisco M. Ocaña-Peinado, Concepción Ruiz, and Olga García-Martínez. "Risk Assessments of Epidural Analgesia During Labor and Delivery." Clinical Nursing Research 27, no. 7 (July 28, 2017): 841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773817722689.

Full text

Abstract:

Epidural analgesia (EA) is one of the methods of choice for labor pain relief, but its adverse effects on the mother and child remain controversial. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the use of EA and different aspects of labor. The author(s) analyzed the effect of EA on different aspects of labor in a retrospective cohort observational study of deliveries in a public Spanish hospital during a 3-year period. Women with EA administration were found to increase the risk of stimulated labor, reduce the percentage of spontaneous deliveries, increase the risk of instrumental labor due to stalled labor or loss of fetal well-being, and increase the percentage of episiotomies. However, women with EA were not and increased risk for perineal laceration or the condition of the membranes at the delivery or with the type of placental expulsion. Thus, the administration of EA should be assessed in each case by the health care professional.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Aviram, Amir, Liran Hiersch, Eran Ashwal, Yariv Yogev, and Eran Hadar. "The association between myometrial electrical activity and time to delivery in threatened preterm labor." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 29, no. 18 (November 23, 2015): 2897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2015.1110571.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Mejia, Maria C., Maria C. Cardenas, Ramya Narasimhan, Dawn Littlefield, Elizabeth Ann L. Enninga, and Rana Chakraborty. "A Systematic Review to Evaluate a Possible Association Between Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Preterm Labor." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 41, no. 12 (October 12, 2022): e520-e524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/inf.0000000000003723.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Nguyen, Hau Huu, and Lisa Heelan-Fancher. "Female Relatives as Lay Doulas and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review." Journal of Perinatal Education 31, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jpe-2021-0010.

Full text

Abstract:

Continuous labor support provided by professional doulas is associated with improved birth outcomes for pregnant women and their infants. However, there is limited data on the impact of using female relatives as lay doulas. This systematic review included nine published studies that examined the association between use of female relatives as lay doulas with childbirth outcomes. In some study populations, there was a decrease in the number of cesarean births and length of labor, and in all studies, there was improved maternal birth satisfaction. However, the woman’s chosen female relative often did not receive education regarding labor support skills before providing continuous support. Educational programs designed to teach labor support skills to female relatives are needed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Bardos, Jonah, Holly Loudon, Patricia Rekawek, Frederick Friedman, Michael Brodman, and Nathan S. Fox. "The Association between Solo versus Group Obstetrical Practice Model and Delivery Outcomes." American Journal of Perinatology 36, no. 09 (November 5, 2018): 907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675328.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective To determine if women under the care of obstetricians in solo practice have different delivery outcomes from women in a group practice. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort of live, term, singleton, vertex (LTSV) deliveries at one hospital from 2011 to 2015. We compared outcomes between women whose obstetrician was in solo practice with women in a group practice model. Results There were 18,214 LTSV deliveries by private obstetricians. Solo obstetricians were more likely to deliver at night (41.0 vs. 37.5%, p = 0.002) and less likely to induce labor (22.6 vs. 30.6%, p < 0.001). Solo obstetricians had a significantly higher rate of cesarean delivery (35.7 vs. 27.2%, adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.53, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.32, 1.78]), but also had a significantly lower rate of shoulder dystocia (0.4 vs. 1.4, aOR: 0.42, 95% CI [0.19, 0.89]), third or fourth degree lacerations (1.6 vs. 2.4%, aOR: 0.56, 95% CI [0.35, 0.914]), and neonatal intensive care unit admission rates (3.2 vs. 6.2%, aOR: 0.57, 95% CI [0.42, 0.77]). Conclusion In a large, tertiary care hospital, solo obstetricians have similar neonatal outcomes as group obstetricians. Their higher cesarean delivery rate is balanced by fewer shoulder dystocias and third/fourth degree lacerations, indicating a more conservative approach to labor management. Patient outcomes should not be a reason to discourage a solo practice model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kiti, Gift, Ndola Prata, and Patience A. Afulani. "Continuous Labor Support and Person-Centered Maternity Care: A Cross-Sectional Study with Women in Rural Kenya." Maternal and Child Health Journal 26, no. 1 (October 19, 2021): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-021-03259-4.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective This study assessed whether having continuous support during labor is associated with better person-centered maternity care (PCMC) among women in rural Kenya. Methods Data are from a cross-sectional survey with women aged 15–49 years who delivered in the 9 weeks preceding survey completion (N = 865). PCMC was operationalized using a validated 13-item scale, with a summative score developed from responses that capture dignity and respect, communication and autonomy, and supportive care from providers (excluding support from a lay companion). Continuous support was operationalized as the continuous presence of a lay companion (friend or family) during labor. We carried out bivariate analyses using chi-squared and t-tests and ran multivariable linear regression models to examine the association between continuous labor support and PCMC. Results The average PCMC score was 24.2 (SD = 8.4) out of a total score of 39. About two-thirds (68%) of women had continuous support during labor. The average PCMC scores among women who had continuous support was 25.7 (SD = 8.4) compared to 21.0 (SD = 7.6) among those who did not have continuous support (p-value ≤ 0.001). After controlling for various confounders this association was still significant (coefficient = 4.0; 95% CI 2.9, 5.2; p-value ≤ 0.001). Conclusions Women who have continuous labor support during childbirth are more likely to have improved PCMC. Efforts to promote PCMC should thus include continuous labor support.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Son, Shannon L., Amanda A. Allshouse, Gretchen A. Heinrichs, Thomas J. Garite, Robert M. Silver, Ronald J. Wapner, William A. Grobman, Judith H. Chung, Brian M. Mercer, and Torri D. Metz. "Is Exposure to Intrapartum Prostaglandins for Labor Induction Associated with a Lower Incidence of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome?" American Journal of Perinatology 38, no. 10 (May 2, 2021): 993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1728820.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is implicated in 30% of neonatal deaths. Since prostaglandins promote surfactant secretion and labor is associated with a lower risk of RDS in term neonates, it is plausible that synthetic prostaglandin (sPG) exposure is associated with a lower risk of RDS. Thus, we evaluated the association between sPG exposure and RDS in neonates born after the induction of labor (IOL). Study Design Secondary analysis of women with singleton pregnancies undergoing IOL at 340/7 to 420/7 weeks in the nuMoM2b study, a multicenter prospective cohort of nulliparous women. RDS rates and secondary neonatal outcomes in neonates with intrapartum sPG exposure were compared with those who had IOL with non-sPG methods (e.g., balloon catheter, amniotomy, oxytocin, and laminaria). Logistic regression models estimated the association of sPG with RDS and with secondary outcomes after adjustment for clinical and demographic factors (including gestational age). A sensitivity analysis was performed in which analysis was restricted to those with an admission cervical dilation ≤2 cm. Results Of 10,038 women in the total cohort, 3,071 met inclusion criteria; 1,444 were exposed and 1,627 were unexposed to sPGs. Antenatal corticosteroid exposure rates were low (3.0%) and similar between groups. In univariable analysis, neonates with sPG exposure had higher rates of RDS (3.2 vs. 2.0%, odds ratio [OR]: 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–2.50). This relationship was similar by gestational age at delivery (term vs. preterm, interaction p = 0.14). After adjustment, the association between sPG and RDS was no longer significant (adjusted odds ratio: 1.4, 95% CI: 0.9–2.3). When analysis was restricted to subjects with admission cervical dilation of ≤2 cm, there was also no association between sPG exposure and RDS. Conclusion In pregnancies between 34 and 42 weeks of gestation, exposure to sPG for cervical ripening or labor induction was not associated with newborn RDS. Key Points

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Rahimkhani, Monireh, Alireza Mordadi, Mohammad Zayandeh, and Laya Sam. "Detection and Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from Urine and Its Association with Preterm Labor." Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.3.3.111.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Kaimal, Anjali J., William A. Grobman, Allison Bryant, Cinthia Blat, Peter Bacchetti, Juan Gonzalez, Mari-Paule Thiet, Yamilee Bermingham, and Miriam Kuppermann. "Correction to: The association of patient preferences and attitudes with trial of labor after cesarean." Journal of Perinatology 39, no. 12 (October 10, 2019): 1696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41372-019-0522-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Jenabi, Ensiyeh, and Salman Khazaei. "The association of between assisted reproduction technology and malpresentation/induction of labor: a meta-analysis." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 31, no. 20 (July 25, 2017): 2782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1355905.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Soltys, Stephen M., Jill Rose Scherbel, Joseph R. Kurian, Todd Diebold, Teresa Wilson, Lindsay Hedden, Kathleen Groesch, et al. "An association of intrapartum synthetic oxytocin dosing and the odds of developing autism." Autism 24, no. 6 (February 14, 2020): 1400–1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320902903.

Full text

Abstract:

A case-control study was performed to determine whether an association exists between exposure to synthetic oxytocin and a subsequent autism spectrum disorder diagnosis; 171 children under age 18 meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) autism spectrum disorder criteria were compared to 171 children without autism spectrum disorder diagnosis matched by gender, birth year, gestational age, and maternal age at birth. A conditional logistic regression model was used to examine the association of clinical variables and autism spectrum disorder. Significantly elevated odds ratios for autism spectrum disorder were associated with first-time Cesarean section (odds ratio = 2.56), but not a repeat Cesarean section. Odds ratios were also significantly elevated for subjects whose mother’s body mass index was 35 or higher at birth (odds ratio = 2.34) and subjects in which the reason for delivery was categorized as “fetal indication” (odds ratio = 2.00). When controlling for these and other variables, the odds of developing autism spectrum disorder were significantly elevated in males with long duration of exposure (odds ratio = 3.48) and high cumulative dose of synthetic oxytocin (odds ratio = 2.79). No significant associations of synthetic oxytocin dosing and autism spectrum disorder were noted in female subjects. The association of elevated autism spectrum disorder odds found with high duration and high cumulative dose synthetic oxytocin in male subjects suggests the need for further investigation to fully elucidate any cause and effect relationship. Lay abstract Oxytocin is a hormone naturally produced in the human body that can make the womb (uterus) contract during labor. Manufactured oxytocin is frequently given to mothers in labor to strengthen the contractions or in some cases to start labor. This study compared children with a diagnosis of autism and children without autism to see whether children with autism received more oxytocin during labor. The odds of a child having an autism diagnosis were significantly higher if the delivery was a first-time Cesarean section, if the mother had a body mass index of 35 or higher, or if the reason for delivery were a range of fetal problems that made delivery necessary. It was found that boys who were exposed to oxytocin for longer periods of time during labor and received higher total doses of oxytocin had significantly higher odds of developing autism. There were no significant associations of oxytocin dosing and autism noted in female children. As this is the first study to look at any relationship between the dose of oxytocin received during labor and the odds of developing autism, further study needs to be done to determine whether there is any cause and effect relationship. Thus, at this time, there is no recommended change in clinical practice.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Euzebio Klein, Bruna, and Helga Geremias Gouveia. "USE OF NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL PAIN RELIEF METHODS IN LABOR." Cogitare Enfermagem, no. 27 (August 17, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.87101.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: to analyze the practice of using non-pharmacological pain relief methods during labor. Method: a quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional study developed from December 2019 to September 2020 in a Maternal and Child Nursing Service from southern Brazil. A total of 560 medical charts were analyzed and data collection took place in the institutional database. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normality of the variables and, for associations, the t test for independent samples, chi-square or Fischer’s exact test. Results: It was found that 164 (29.3%) of the parturients resorted to at least one type of method, the most used being hydrotherapy with 137 (24.5%), change of position with 124 (22.1%) and breathing exercises with 121 (21.6%). There was a significant association (p<0.05) between methods, type of delivery, pregnancy and parity. Conclusion: This study highlights the profile of parturients who benefit from these practices and exposes the low frequency of their use, showing a promising area for studies and continuing education activities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

McLaren, Rodney A., Chima Ndubizu, Fouad Atallah, and Howard Minkoff. "Association of uterine rupture with pregestational diabetes in women undergoing trial of labor after cesarean delivery." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 33, no. 16 (January 7, 2019): 2697–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1557143.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Tanaka, Masako, Ellen Jamieson, Katholiki Georgiades, Eric K. Duku, Michael H. Boyle, and Harriet L. MacMillan. "The Association between Childhood Abuse and Labor Force Outcomes in Young Adults: Results from the Ontario Child Health Study." Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma 20, no. 8 (November 2011): 821–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2011.621851.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Colvin, Ryan, George Macones, Alison Cahill, and Jourdan Triebwasser. "Nonreassuring Fetal Status in the Second Stage of Labor: Fetal Monitoring Features and Association with Neonatal Outcomes." American Journal of Perinatology 33, no. 07 (February 10, 2016): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1571316.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

O'Malley, Katharine N., Mary E. Norton, and Sarah S. Osmundson. "Effect of Trial of Labor before Cesarean and Risk of Subsequent Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 06 (April 16, 2019): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685449.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine whether labor before cesarean affects the risk of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in a subsequent pregnancy. Study Design This is a secondary analysis of the Cesarean Registry, a prospective cohort study of women undergoing cesarean between 1999 and 2002. Women with one prior cesarean with known indications, which were categorized as likely associated with labor (labored cesarean) versus likely not associated with labor (unlabored cesarean), were included. Primary outcome was PAS disorder. Results Of 34,224 women, 60% had a “labored cesarean” and 40% had an “unlabored cesarean.” Women with prior unlabored cesarean were more likely to have subsequent PAS disorder compared with women with a prior labored cesarean after adjusting for confounders (0.28 vs. 0.13%; adjusted odds ratio: 2.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–3.38). Conclusion Prior unlabored cesarean is associated with an increased risk of PAS disorders in a subsequent pregnancy. This association may aid in risk stratification in women with suspected PAS disorders and help counsel about risks associated with cesarean on maternal request.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Perna, Robert, Ashlee Loughan, Hana Perkey, and Kelly Tyson. "Terbutaline and Associated Risks for Neurodevelopmental Disorders." Child Development Research 2014 (July 15, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/358608.

Full text

Abstract:

Preterm labor often leads to a preterm birth and has been shown to be the most important determinant of risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality. While medication management has been utilized by physicians to delay preterm labor, the results these medications achieve remain inconsistent, in addition to increasing the risk to the developing fetus. Terbutaline has been among the most commonly used β2-adrenoreceptor (β2AR) agonists in the management of preterm labor. The research suggests that tocolytic terbutaline therapy carries a significant risk for the mother and the child, which can be magnified by extended exposure, sex of the fetus, and administration during critical fetal developmental periods. This paper highlights the research on terbutaline in treatment of preterm labor, along with the possible associated cognitive deficits in adolescents who were treated with terbutaline in utero. Two case summaries are presented to illustrate the potential deficits in clinical presentations of adolescents with history of intrauterine exposure to terbutaline. Publicizing the association between terbutaline and these deficits can not only assist obstetricians and expectant mothers in making a more informed choice in the treatment of preterm labor but also provide neuropsychologists and pediatricians with information helpful in understanding the etiology of these impairments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Palanisamy, Arvind, Julia Lopez, Antonina Frolova, George Macones, and Alison G. Cahill. "Association between Uterine Tachysystole during the Last Hour of Labor and Cord Blood Lactate in Parturients at Term Gestation." American Journal of Perinatology 36, no. 11 (December 19, 2018): 1171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676492.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective To assess whether uterine tachysystole (UT) in labor causes an increase in cord blood lactate. Study Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of all consecutive singleton gestations ≥ 37 weeks admitted for labor to a single tertiary care institution with universal cord gas policy. Patients with UT in the last hour (“always”) were compared with those without UT (“never”). Primary outcome of interest was cord blood lactate ≥ 4 mmol/L. Secondary outcomes included pH ≤ 7.10, base deficit ≥ 8 mmol/L, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk for elevated cord blood lactate after adjusting for maternal age and body mass index. Results Of the 8,580 patients included in the analysis, 513 experienced UT 1 hour before delivery (5.9%). UT was significantly associated with elevated cord blood lactate in the “always” (33.5%) compared with the “never” group (26%) (adjusted odds ratio 1.47 [1.17, 1.86]; p < 0.01). However, there were no differences in either umbilical arterial pH, base deficit, or NICU admission rates. Conclusion UT in the last hour preceding delivery increases arterial cord blood lactate suggesting that UT proximate to delivery should be considered as a variable when interpreting cord blood gas values.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kurata, Nicole B., Keith K. Ogasawara, Kathryn L. Pedula, and William A. Goh. "Prolonged interpregnancy interval: how does it impact the length of second stage of labor?" Journal of Perinatal Medicine 48, no. 8 (October 25, 2020): 811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2020-0171.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractObjectivesShort interpregnancy intervals (IPI) have been linked to multiple adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, but less is known about prolonged IPI, including its relationship with labor progression. The objective of the study was to investigate whether prolonged IPIs are associated with longer second stages of labor.MethodsA perinatal database from Kaiser Permanente Hawaii was used to identify 442 women with a prolonged IPI ≥60 months. Four hundred forty two nulliparous and 442 multiparous women with an IPI 18–59 months were selected as comparison groups. The primary outcome was second stage of labor duration. Perinatal outcomes were compared between these groups.ResultsThe median (IQR) second stage of labor duration was 76 (38–141) min in nulliparous women, 15 (9–28) min in multiparous women, and 18 (10–38) min in women with a prolonged IPI (p<0.0001). Pairwise comparisons revealed significantly different second stage duration in the nulliparous group compared to both the multiparous and prolonged IPI groups, but no difference between the multiparous and prolonged IPI groups. There was a significant association with the length of the IPI; median duration 30 (12–61) min for IPI ≥120 months vs. 15 (9–27) min for IPI 18–59 months and 16 (9–31) min for IPI 60–119 months (p=0.0014).ConclusionsThe second stage of labor did not differ in women with a prolonged IPI compared to normal multiparous women. Women with an IPI ≥120 months had a significantly longer second stage vs. those with a shorter IPI. These findings provide a better understanding of labor progression in pregnancies with a prolonged IPI.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Triyono, Muhammad Fauzan, Jamilatul Mu’awanah, and Muliati Sedek. "Production Factor Efficiency of Shallot Farming in Pati, Central Java, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 316 (2021): 02036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131602036.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aims to analyze factors influencing shallot production and the allocative efficiency of shallot farming in Pati Regency Central Java. Based on data from the association of farmer groups (Gapoktan), there were 12 farmer groups. Using multistage random sampling, four farmer groups and 73 farmers were taken as samples. Data were obtained using interviews and questionnaires. Then, the data were analyzed using the Cobb-Douglass production function and efficiency analysis. The results revealed that factors of land area, seeds, KNO3 fertilizer, and family labor significantly possitive affected shallot production. In general, all of the production factors have not been allocatively efficient. To enhance efficiency, farmers should increase the use of production inputs such as land, seeds, fertilizers, and labor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Grisaru-Granovsky, Sorina, Maayan Bas-Lando, Lior Drukker, Fred Haouzi, Rivka Farkash, Arnon Samueloff, and Alexander Ioscovich. "Epidural analgesia at trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC): a significant adjunct to successful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC)." Journal of Perinatal Medicine 46, no. 3 (April 25, 2018): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2016-0382.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Introduction: Epidural analgesia has been considered a risk factor for labor dystocia at trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) and uterine rupture. We evaluated the association between exposure to epidural during TOLAC and mode of delivery and maternal-neonatal outcomes. Materials and methods: A single center retrospective study of women that consented to TOLAC within a strict protocol between 2006 and 2013. Epidural “users” were compared to “non-users”. Primary outcome was the mode of delivery: repeat in-labor cesarean or vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). Secondary outcomes were maternal/neonatal morbidities. Univariate/multivariate analyses for associations between epidural and mode of delivery were adjusted for significant covariates/mediators. Results: Of a total of 105,471 births registered, 9464 (9.0%) were eligible for TOLAC; 7149 (75.5%) women consented to TOLAC, among which 4081 (57.1%) had epidural analgesia. The in labor cesarean rate was significantly lower for the epidural “users” 8.7% vs. “non-users” 11.8%, P<0.0001, with a parallel increased rate of instrumental delivery. Uterine rupture rates were comparable: 0.4% and 0.29%, respectively (P=0.31). The adjusted multivariate model showed that epidural “users” were more likely to experience a VBAC, odds ratio (OR) 4.58 [3.67; 5.70]; P<0.0001 with a similar rate of adverse maternal-neonatal outcomes. Conclusion: Epidural analgesia at TOLAC may emerge as a safe and significant adjunct for VBAC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Jaiman, Sunil, Roberto Romero, Percy Pacora, Offer Erez, Eunjung Jung, Adi L. Tarca, Gaurav Bhatti, et al. "Disorders of placental villous maturation are present in one-third of cases with spontaneous preterm labor." Journal of Perinatal Medicine 49, no. 4 (January 13, 2021): 412–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2020-0138.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objectives Spontaneous preterm labor is an obstetrical syndrome accounting for approximately 65–70% of preterm births, the latter being the most frequent cause of neonatal death and the second most frequent cause of death in children less than five years of age worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare to uncomplicated pregnancies (1) the frequency of placental disorders of villous maturation in spontaneous preterm labor; (2) the frequency of other placental morphologic characteristics associated with the preterm labor syndrome; and (3) the distribution of these lesions according to gestational age at delivery and their severity. Methods A case-control study of singleton pregnant women was conducted that included (1) uncomplicated pregnancies (controls, n=944) and (2) pregnancies with spontaneous preterm labor (cases, n=438). All placentas underwent histopathologic examination. Patients with chronic maternal diseases (e.g., chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, thyroid disease, asthma, autoimmune disease, and coagulopathies), fetal malformations, chromosomal abnormalities, multifetal gestation, preeclampsia, eclampsia, preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, and HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count) syndrome were excluded from the study. Results Compared to the controls, the most prevalent placental lesions among the cases were the disorders of villous maturation (31.8% [106/333] including delayed villous maturation 18.6% [62/333] vs. 1.4% [6/442], q<0.0001, prevalence ratio 13.7; and accelerated villous maturation 13.2% [44/333] vs. 0% [0/442], q<0.001). Other lesions in decreasing order of prevalence included hypercapillarized villi (15.6% [68/435] vs. 3.5% [33/938], q<0.001, prevalence ratio 4.4); nucleated red blood cells (1.1% [5/437] vs. 0% [0/938], q<0.01); chronic inflammatory lesions (47.9% [210/438] vs. 29.9% [282/944], q<0.0001, prevalence ratio 1.6); fetal inflammatory response (30.1% [132/438] vs. 23.2% [219/944], q<0.05, prevalence ratio 1.3); maternal inflammatory response (45.5% [195/438] vs. 36.1% [341/944], q<0.01, prevalence ratio 1.2); and maternal vascular malperfusion (44.5% [195/438] vs. 35.7% [337/944], q<0.01, prevalence ratio 1.2). Accelerated villous maturation did not show gestational age-dependent association with any other placental lesion while delayed villous maturation showed a gestational age-dependent association with acute placental inflammation (q-value=0.005). Conclusions Disorders of villous maturation are present in nearly one-third of the cases of spontaneous preterm labor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Morales-Roselló, José, Asma Khalil, Sylvia Salvi, Rosemary Townsend, Yaami Premakumar, and Alfredo Perales-Marín. "Abnormal Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Associates with Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Normally Grown Fetuses." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 40, no. 1 (November 18, 2015): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000441519.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate whether Doppler changes in the fetal middle cerebral (MCA) and umbilical arteries (UA) suggesting fetal hypoxemia precede the onset of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB). Methods: We studied 2,340 appropriate-for-gestational-age singleton pregnancies that had MCA and UA pulsatility indices (PI) recorded at 28-32 weeks. Values including the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were converted into multiples of the median and evaluated according to both gestational age at the onset of labor and the interval between ultrasound and labor. ROC analysis was used to calculate the ability in the prediction of spontaneous PTB before 32, 34 and 37 weeks' gestation. Results: While no correlations were observed for the UA PI and CPR, lower MCA PI values were associated with an earlier onset of labor (p < 0.001) and a shorter ultrasound-labor interval (p = 0.028). The ROC analysis at different gestational ages and intervals to labor indicated that MCA PI values were poorly predictive of spontaneous PTB (all areas under the curve <0.7). Conclusions: Low MCA PI values at 28-32 weeks are associated with subsequent spontaneous PTB, indicating that fetal hypoxemia unrelated with placental disease might be implicated in the onset of labor. This association, however, is unlikely to be useful in the prediction of PTB.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Than, Nandor Gabor, Roberto Romero, Adi L. Tarca, Sorin Draghici, Offer Erez, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Yeon Mee Kim, Sun Kwon Kim, Edi Vaisbuch, and Gerard Tromp. "Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA expression in human chorioamniotic membranes and its association with labor, inflammation, and infection." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 22, no. 11 (November 2009): 1000–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767050903019676.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ali, Prof Liaquat. "Barriers to effective painless labor in developing countries and the remedial measures." Anaesthesia, Pain & Intensive Care 24, no. 6 (April 12, 2020): 586–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35975/apic.v24i6.1395.

Full text

Abstract:

Childbirth has been the most controversial subject in the pain management since ages. While there are some proponents which argue that pain is pain, and it’s the physician’s responsibility to relieve it as he does for the kidney pain or even simple headache; while some argue that it is not a pathological process, and that pain associated with labor brings about a stronger and lasting bondage between mother and child. A religious argument has also been presented against it. The introduction of epidural anesthesia revitalized interest in offering pain relief in labor even for prolonged periods. In resource poor countries, it has been looked upon with guarded skepticism. The scarcity of resources and staff, coupled with lack of a nation-wide awareness campaign has been largely responsible for the low practice of this modality in SAARC countries. Apicare Journal has raised this issue at SAARC level with the association of representative bodies of the member countries. This editorial is an attempt to present some insight on the barriers to painless labor and remedial measures in our countries. Key words: Childbirth; Pain, labor; Pain relief; Epidural analgesia Citation: Ali L. Barriers to effective painless labor in developing countries and the remedial measures. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(6):__ Received: 22 November 2020, Reviewed: 22 November 2020, Accepted: 30 November 2020

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Kentucky Child Labor Association'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles