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Journal articles on the topic "KBM SAMPLES"
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M. G., Gopisankar, Surendiran A., Hemachandren M., and Rajan S. "Quality, quantity and recovery of DNA content from routine blood samples and genotyping success rate: comparison between phenol chloroform method (PCM) with a new kit-based DNA extraction method (KBM)." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 1863. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183826.
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Background: DNA extraction has become a baseline method for molecular biology studies. There are a variety of methods available for this purpose. Newer kit-based methods (KBM) are easy and less time consuming than traditional chemical methods of extraction like phenol chloroform method (PCM). Though estimates of quality from different methods are available in labels, this study compared the practical outcomes regarding quantity, quality, DNA recovery rate and assessed the outcomes at two different time points.Methods: This study was done as a secondary analysis from an ongoing project. The quantity and quality of DNA isolated from the same group of 100 deidentified blood samples by PCM and KBM were analysed using Multi analyzer and repeated after a period of 3 months. Genotyping of the samples were done by RT-PCR. The quantity, quality and amplification proportion were compared between two groups to reach the inference.Results: The median (range) concentration of DNA by PCM was 543.27 (960.59) µg/ml and that of KBM was 32.115 (36.73) µg/ml. The quality of DNA as measured by absorbance at 260/280 nm was 1.84 in PCM and 1.81 in KBM (p>0.05). Genotyping success rate was 78% in PCM and 98% in KBM (p = 0.002). The DNA recovery rate was 96% in PCM and 80% in KBM (p=0.014).Conclusions: The median concentration of DNA obtained from PCM was more compared to KBM. The quality of DNA was comparable in both the groups. The genotyping success rate was more in KBM group. The DNA recovery rate at 3 months was more in PCM group.
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Tabe, Yoko, Linhua Jin, Clinton E. Leysath, Shinya Kimura, Hagop Kantarjian, Michael Andreeff, and Marina Konopleva. "CXCR4 Up-Regulation by Imatinib Mesylate Induces CML Cell Migration to Bone Marrow Stroma and Promotes Survival of Chemoresistant Quiescent CML Cells." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 2123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.2123.2123.
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Abstract Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is driven by constitutively activated BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase which triggers impaired CML cells adhesion to BM stroma. Abnormal circulation and proliferation of CML hematopoietic progenitors has been attributed to the reduced expression or function of the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) (Cancer Research2005;65:2676). We investigated CXCR4 expression on CD34+ bone marrow cells from primary CML patients and its modulation by INF-α or imatinib mesylate. CXCR4 expression was significantly lower in untreated (n=12, 10.1 ± 2.8% CXCR4+ cells) or hydroxyurea-treated CML patients (n=16, 11.2 ± 2.4% CXCR4+ cells) compared to normal bone marrow CD34+ cells (n=12, 46.9 ± 6.2% CXCR4+, p<0.001). CXCR4 expression was increased in a group of patients treated with INF-α (32.4 ± 5.2%, n=15, p=0.001). Longitudinal analysis of CXCR4 expression on CD34+ cells from 4 CML-blast crisis patients treated with imatinib demonstrated upregulation of CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood CD34+ cells (pre-treatment 26.9 ± 20.8%; day 3–15 of STI-571, 52.2 ± 14.0% (n=4)). In the in vitro co-culture system with bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MSC) exposure of KBM-5 cells to Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib increased CXCR4 membrane expression (% CXCR4 positive, KBM-5 control 16.2 ± 1.6, with MSCs 24.6 ± 3.8, with MSCs/imatinib 42.3 ± 6.3, p=0.04). In contrast, this effect was not seen in KBM-5/STI cells harboring T315 mutation in Bcr/Abl (CXCR4 positive %, KBM-5/imatinib control 14.7 ± 1.5, with MSCs 20.9 ± 1.1, with MSCs/imatinib 22.7 ± 2.2, p=0.35). A novel Bcr-Abl/Lyn dual inhibitor, INNO-406 (formerly NS-187) also increased CXCR4 membrane expression in KBM-5 but not in KBM-5/STI (data not shown). This increase in CXCR4 expression by Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors was associated with enhanced migration to MSCs, which was inhibited by blocking CXCR4 with the pharmacological CXCR4 antagonist AMD3465 (AnorMED). In KBM-5 cells, 0.5μM imatinib induced a G0/1 cell cycle block which further increased in co-culture with MSC (% cells in G1/G0: KBM-5 control 38.8 ± 5.2, with MSC 53.7 ± 4.1, imatinib 59.8 ± 2.5, imatinib with MSC 77.9 ± 5.5, p=0.01). Most importantly, imatinib/MSC-mediated cell cycle arrest resulted in inhibition of Ara-C induced apoptosis, which was partially reversed by AMD3465 (% AnnexinV(+) cells: KBM-5 treated with Ara-C, 52.7 ± 4.1; KBM-5 treated with Ara-C in MSC co-culture, 49.4 ± 2.0; KBM-5 treated with Ara-C and imatinib in MSC co-culture, 29.9 ± 3.1; KBM-5 treated with Ara-C, imatinib plus AMD3465 in MSC co-culture, 39.4 ± 5.6, p=0.02). Taken together, these findings indicate that p210BCR-ABL de-regulates CXCR4 expression in CML cells which can be restored by Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors or INF-α. Up-regulation of CXCR4 by imatinib within the BM microenvironment induces migration of CML cells to stroma and promotes G0/1 cell cycle arrest of CML cells, rendering them quiescent and drug resistant. Our results suggest that interfering with the protective effects of BM stroma cells through CXCR4 inhibition could be beneficial for the eradication of quiescent chemoresistant CML cells. This hypothesis is currently under investigation in primary CML samples.
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Nkalih Mefire, A., A. Njoya, R. Yongue Fouateu, J. R. Mache, N. A. Tapon, A. Nzeukou Nzeugang, U. Melo Chinje, et al. "Occurrences of kaolin in Koutaba (west Cameroon): Mineralogical and physicochemical characterization for use in ceramic products." Clay Minerals 50, no. 5 (December 2015): 593–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2015.050.5.04.
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AbstractThirty clay samples collected from three hills in Koutaba (west Cameroon) were characterized in order to evaluate their potential use as raw materials for ceramics. After preliminary mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction, three representative samples from the three different hills, referred to hereafter as K1M, K2M and K3M, were selected for further investigation by X-ray fluorescence, plasticity, granularity and thermogravimetric analysis. The main clay minerals are kaolinite (32–51%) and illite (up to 12%). Additional major phases are quartz (32–52%), goethite (6–7%) and feldspars (0–4%). The chemical composition showed variable amounts of SiO2(60–72%), Al2O3(15–20%) and Fe2O3(1–9%), in accordance with the quartz abundance in all of the samples studied. The particle-size distribution showed a large proportion of silty fraction (64–88%) with moderate sandy (9–19%) and clayey fractions ( < 5% for K2M, 12% for K1M and 20% for K3M). All of the clays showed moderate plasticity-index values (8–11%). Because of these characteristics, K1M and K3M may be suitable for use in common bricks and hollow ceramic products. Sieving or the addition of ball clays is recommended to increase the plasticity of sample K2M for use in common bricks.
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Saputra, Ulin Nam'ma, Herawati Herawati, and Maria Kanan. "Daya Hambat Infusa Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli." Buletin Kesehatan MAHASISWA 1, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51888/jpmeo.v1i2.157.
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Penyakit infeksi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang paling utama di negara berkembang khususnya untuk infeksi Escherichia coli L. Daun kelor diketahui memiliki kemampuan antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daya hambat, Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan mengetahui Kadar Bunuh Minimum (KBM) infusa Moringa oleifera L. terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan metode difusi dengan teknik sumur dan teknik pengenceran. Sampel penelitian ini adalah infusa daun kelor dengan konsentrasi : 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% dan 12,5%. Daya hambat diperoleh berdasarkan pengukuran zona bening yang terbentuk di sekitar lubang sumur menggunakan penggaris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata -rata diameter zona hambat tertinggi pada konsentrasi 50% yaitu sebesar 16,75 mm. Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) infusa daun kelor didapatkan pada konsentrasi 50%. Sedangkan untuk kadar bunuh minimum (KBM) pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan. Infusa daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L) memiliki daya antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dengan hasil pengujian dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan zona hambat sebesar 11,75 mm pada konsentrasi 100%, 12,75 mm untuk konsentrasi 75%, 16,75 mm pada konsentrasi 50%, 8,75 mm pada konsentrasi 25%, dan 8 mm untuk konsentrasi 12,5% dengan KHM pada konsentrasi 50 %,sedangkan KBM pada konsentrasi 50 % sampai 12.5 %. Masyarakat dapat menggunakan infusa daun kelor sebagai pencegahan penyakit infeksi pada konsentrasi 50%, atau 100 gram daun kelor dilarutkan dalam 200 ml air. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian infusa daun kelor menggunakan sampel bakteri selain Escherichia coli, serta dapat menggunakan bagian tanaman kelor yang lainnya sebagai sampel untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Infectious diseases are one of the major health problems in developing countries, especially Escherichia coli L infection. Moringa leaves are known to have antimicrobial abilities. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power, Minimum Inhibitory Level (KHM), and determine the Minimum Kill Rate (KBM) of Moringa oleifera L infusion. to the growth of E. coli. This research is a laboratory experiment with diffusion methods with well and dilution techniques. The sample of this study was an infusion of Moringa leaves with concentrations: of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%. Inhibitory power is obtained based on measurements, of clear zones formed around the good hole using a ruler. Based on the results of the study, shows the average diameter of the highest inhibitory zone at a concentration of 50% which is 16.75 mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Level (KHM) of Moringa leaf infusion was obtained at a concentration of 50%. As for the minimum kill rate (KBM) in this study, it was not found. Moringa leaf infusion (Moringa oleifera L) has antibacterial power against Escherichia coli with test results that can inhibit the growth of bacteria with an inhibitory zone of 11.75 mm at a concentration of 100%, 12.75 mm at a concentration of 75%, 16.75 mm at a concentration of 50%, 8.75 mm at a concentration of 25%, and 8 mm at a concentration of 12.5% with KHM at a concentration of 50%, while KBM at a concentration of 12.5% 50% to 12.5%. People can use Moringa leaf infusion as a prevention of infectious diseases at a concentration of 50%, or 100 grams of Moringa leaves dissolved in 200 ml of water. Furthermore, researchers can conduct research on Moringa leaf infusion using bacterial samples other than Escherichia coli and can use other parts of the Moringa plant as a sample to inhibit bacterial growth.
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Leis, Artur, Rudolf Weber, and Thomas Graf. "Process Window for Highly Efficient Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion of AlSi10Mg with Reduced Pore Formation." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 5255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185255.
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The process window for highly efficient laser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF), ensuring the production of parts with low porosity, was determined by analyzing cross-sections of samples that were generated with laser powers varying between 10.8 W and 1754 W, laser beam diameters varying between 35 μm and 200 μm, and velocities of the moving laser beam ranging between 0.7 m/s and 1.3 m/s. With these parameters, the process alters between different modes that are referred to as simple heating, heat conduction melting (HCM), key-bowl melting (KBM), and deep-penetration melting (DPM). It was found that the optimum process window for a highly efficient LPBF process, generating AlSi10Mg parts with low porosity, is determined by the ratio PL/db of the incident laser power PL and the beam diameter db of the beam on the surface of the bead, and ranges between PL/db = 2000 W/mm and PL/db = 5200 W/mm, showing process efficiencies of about 7–8%. This optimum process window is centered around the range PL/db = 3000–3500 W/mm, in which the process is characterized by KBM, which is an intermediate process mode between HCM and DPM. Processes with PL/db < 2000 W/mm partially failed, and lead to balling and a lack of fusion, whereas processes with PL/db > 5200 W/mm showed a process efficiency below 5% and pore ratios exceeding 10%.
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Harun, Sahana, Andy Baker, Chris Bradley, Gilles Pinay, Ian Boomer, and R. Liz Hamilton. "Characterisation of dissolved organic matter in the Lower Kinabatangan River, Sabah, Malaysia." Hydrology Research 46, no. 3 (April 19, 2014): 411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2014.196.
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Spatial patterns and trends in the concentration and quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are characterised across a tropical agricultural catchment using ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorbance, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Related determination of the environmental isotopes 18O and 2H clarify the dynamics of catchment water movement. Water samples were collected from the Kinabatangan River, Borneo, and selected tributaries in August and September 2008 in four regions with oil palm plantations (KB1, KB2, KB3 and KB4). The isotopic compositions of surface waters suggest that canals were characterised by a strong evaporative effect than tributaries and streams with more natural, forested vegetation. DOM was characterised by variations in UV absorbance and spectral slope. Individual fluorescence excitation–emission matrices were decomposed by Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) and three components extracted (C1, C2 and C3). Components C2 and C3 both appear to be derived from microbial sources and/or photo-degradation. The PARAFAC components indicate a clear trend of increasing DOM degradation as waters pass through the catchment. It is hypothesised that upstream DOM is rapidly photo and microbially degraded to less fluorescent DOM, while DOM concentration and character of DOM downstream is controlled by the hydrology, specifically by variations in the rate of water movement.
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Utami, Putri Widya, Isnandar Isnandar, Rahmi Syaflida, and Indra Basar Siregar. "Pengaruh ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus di rongga mulutEffect of basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) on oral Staphylococcus aureus." Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran 33, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v33i1.29968.
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Pendahuluan: Staphylococcus aureus merupakan mikroorganisme dalam rongga mulut yang bersifat patogen. Di Indonesia, penyakit infeksi masih menjadi masalah umum terutama pada rongga mulut, untuk itu dikembangkan obat antibakteri yang berasal dari tumbuhan salah satunya daun kemangi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) terhadap jumlah Staphylococcus aureus rongga mulut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan true eksperiment laboratoris, dimana pengujian efektivitas antibakteri dengan metode pengenceran seri. Sampel yang digunakan strain murni Staphylococcus aureus dan isolat klinik Staphylococcus aureus. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25% dan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Data penelitian diolah menggunakan SPSS yaitu uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Konsentrasi 50% merupakan kadar bunuh minimum (KBM) untuk strain murni bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, dan kadar hambat minimum (KHM) untuk isolat klinik Staphylococcus aureus. Konsentrasi 25% hanya didapati kadar hambat minimum (KHM) untuk strain murni Staphylococcus aureus. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) terhadap penurunan jumlah Staphylococcus aureus rongga mulut.Kata kunci : Daun kemangi, Staphylococcus aureus, pengenceran seri, KHM, KBM. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic microorganism in the oral cavity. In Indonesia, infectious diseases are still a common problem, especially in the oral cavity. Therefore, a natural antibacterial remedy has been developed, one of which is basil leaves. The study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of using basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L) against the number of oral Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: This study used a true laboratory experiment, where the antibacterial effectiveness was tested by using the series dilution method. The samples used were pure strains of Staphylococcus aureus and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The extract concentration used was 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and was repeated 4 times. The research data were processed using SPSS, namely the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The concentration of 50% is the minimum kill rate (MKC) for pure strains of Staphylococcus aureus and the minimum inhibitory level (MIC) for clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. At 25% concentration, only the minimum inhibitory level (MIC) was found for pure strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: There is an effect of using basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L) on reducing the number of oral Staphylococcus aureus.Keywords: Basil leaf, Staphylococcus aureus, serial dilution, MIC, MKC.
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Setyaningrum, Lilis, Marmi Sudarmi, and Alvama Pattiserlihun. "BARBEKU (Barang Bekas di Sekitarku) Sebagai Alat Peraga Sederhana Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Pada Materi Kapilaritas." Radiasi : Jurnal Berkala Pendidikan Fisika 11, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37729/radiasi.v11i2.23.
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Not all schools are able to provide teaching aids as learning media because of the limited tools they have, especially in remote areas that are difficult to get tools. For schools where there is no equipment at all (there is equipment but not complete or damaged) it is necessary to procure media. This study aims to: (1) provide examples of some simple teaching aids that can be used as ideas (ideas) by teachers as learning media for facilitating learning, (2) make Learning Implementation Plans on capillary material by using simple teaching aids, (3) find out the level of students' understanding after learning using simple teaching aids in Kapilaritas material. This study used the Classroom Action Research method with the type of teacher as a researcher. In this type the teacher has a dual role as a practitioner and as a researcher. The samples used for the study were 25th-grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Tuntang as many as 25 students. Research instruments for data collection were are RPP, observation sheets of Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM), questionnaire sheets, and evaluation questions. From the observation sheet, 85.71% of students were able to attend teaching and learning activities well. From the questionnaire, as many as 92.62% of students think that the teaching aids used can show capillary events clearly, and there are / easily found in the surrounding environment. From the evaluation results, as many as 84% of students scored above 70. From the study, it can be concluded that learning using teaching aids simple from used goods in the surrounding environment such as glass, axis, tissue, and cloth can show capillary events so that they can be used as learning media.
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Mardiah, Ainun, Cut Aja Nuraskin, Teuku Salfiyadi, Nora Usrina, and Reca Reca. "Effectiveness of Cocoa Seed Garmins to the Decrease of Dental Plaque Index." EAS Journal of Dentistry and Oral Medicine 4, no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjdom.2022.v04i05.002.
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Dental and oral disease is a high prevalence in Indonesia 88.8% of the population has dental caries and periodontitis, 93% of children under 12 years of age have dental caries, 67.2% have experienced caries and 43.4% have not been treated. Dental plaque is a soft deposit that is firmly attached to the tooth surface, consisting of microorganisms that cause dental caries. Caries prevention and plaque control can be done by using mouth wash; it will be more effective if you rinse your mouth using herbal mouthwash that contains antioxidants and anti-bacterial. Cocoa Bean Extract (Theobroma Cacao L.) contains secondary metabolites, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory properties and has a strong inhibitory effect on S. mutans bacteria. The purpose of the study: to determine the phytochemical content of cocoa beans, determine the effectiveness of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Kill Concentration (KBM) of mouthwash of cocoa bean methanol extract, determine the toxicity of mouthwash of cocoa bean methanol extract, determine the decrease in plaque index before and after gargling with methanol extract of cocoa beans (Theobroma Cacao L.), determine the effectiveness of the pH of the oral cavity before and after gargling methanol extract of cocoa beans (Theobroma Cacao L.). The research method is a laboratory experiment with a post-test only control group design. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the USK Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and the USK FMIPA laboratory in 2022. Dry samples of 1 kg cocoa beans were macerated with 80% methanol for 3x24 hours; the filtrate was evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a thick methanolic extract of cocoa beans. Phytochemical test results of methanol extract of cocoa beans contain compounds, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Test The average number of colonies of S. mutans ....
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Powers, Craig, Regina Hanlon, and David G. Schmale III. "Remote collection of microorganisms at two depths in a freshwater lake using an unmanned surface vehicle (USV)." PeerJ 6 (January 26, 2018): e4290. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4290.
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Microorganisms are ubiquitous in freshwater aquatic environments, but little is known about their abundance, diversity, and transport. We designed and deployed a remote-operated water-sampling system onboard an unmanned surface vehicle (USV, a remote-controlled boat) to collect and characterize microbes in a freshwater lake in Virginia, USA. The USV collected water samples simultaneously at 5 and 50 cm below the surface of the water at three separate locations over three days in October, 2016. These samples were plated on a non-selective medium (TSA) and on a medium selective for the genusPseudomonas(KBC) to estimate concentrations of culturable bacteria in the lake. Mean concentrations ranged from 134 to 407 CFU/mL for microbes cultured on TSA, and from 2 to 8 CFU/mL for microbes cultured on KBC. There was a significant difference in the concentration of microbes cultured on KBC across three sampling locations in the lake (P= 0.027), suggesting an uneven distribution ofPseudomonasacross the locations sampled. There was also a significant difference in concentrations of microbes cultured on TSA across the three sampling days (P= 0.038), demonstrating daily fluctuations in concentrations of culturable bacteria. There was no significant difference in concentrations of microbes cultured on TSA (P= 0.707) and KBC (P= 0.641) across the two depths sampled, suggesting microorganisms were well-mixed between 5 and 50 cm below the surface of the water. About 1 percent (7/720) of the colonies recovered across all four sampling missions were ice nucleation active (ice+) at temperatures warmer than −10 °C. Our work extends traditional manned observations of aquatic environments to unmanned systems, and highlights the potential for USVs to understand the distribution and diversity of microbes within and above freshwater aquatic environments.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "KBM SAMPLES"
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Kim, Wonju [Verfasser]. "Ionized and Photodissociation Regions toward a New Sample of Massive Star-forming Clumps / Wonju Kim." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170777988/34.
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Kim, Andreas Verfasser], Peter A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Feulner, Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Zacharias, and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kienberger. "Attosecond time-resolved photoemission from solid samples / Andreas Kim. Betreuer: Peter A. Feulner. Gutachter: Peter A. Feulner ; Martin Zacharias ; Reinhard Kienberger." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077605498/34.
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NAGPAL, DIVYANSHI, and TANISHA BHADAURIA. "STRUCTURAL AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF Eu3+ ACTIVATED POTASSIUM BISMUTH MOLYBDATE PHOSPHOR FOR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE APPLICATIONS." Thesis, 2022. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19491.
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Red emitting Eu3+ activated K5BiMo4O16 (KBM: Eu3+) phosphor has been synthesized via high
temperature solid state reaction route and explored via investigating various structural and spectroscopic
properties. The phase purity of the as-synthesized KBM samples have been analysed through X-ray
diffraction technique. Morphological properties have been analysed through SEM images and the
vibration modes have been identified in KBM crystal using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopy. The luminescence spectrum of KBM: Eu3+ phosphor indicates the characteristic peaks of
Eu3+ positioned at 578, 588, 612, 657 and 704 nm under 392 and 464 nm excitation wavelength. The color
coordinates of KBM: Eu3+ phosphor excited with 392 and 464 nm wavelength are (0.657, 0.342) and
(0.655, 0.344) located in red region. Based on the above-mentioned characteristics, KBM: Eu3+ phosphor
may be a potential candidate to utilize in optoelectronic applications such wLEDs and solar cells.
Book chapters on the topic "KBM SAMPLES"
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Masoudi, Pedram, Yvon Desnoyers, and Mike Grey. "Spatio-Temporal Optimization of Groundwater Monitoring Network at Pickering Nuclear Generating Station." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 175–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19845-8_15.
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AbstractThrough more than 400 wells, tritium leakage of Pickering Nuclear Generating Station has been monitored seasonally since 1999. Sampling and maintenance of monitoring wells being costly, it is required limiting number of samples while ensuring monitoring objectives. This study aims at proposing a geostatistical approach for sample reduction while meeting the monitoring objectives. So, four objectives were defined: (i) Geographical coverage. (ii) Denser sampling where tritium variability is high. (iii) Delimiting the threshold of 300 kBq/L, also (iv) the cut-off of 3000 kBq/L. These objectives were quantified using geostatistical measures, served as cost functions in heuristic optimization algorithms, implemented using scripting capacity of Isatis.neo software. The algorithm was successful in sampling optimization of 2010Q4 (fourth season) according to the first, third and fourth measures. The first measure selects spatially evenly distributed wells, necessary for unknown leakages. The third and the fourth geostatistical measures suggest sampling around a decisive tritium concentration. Considering these objectives, 22 samples were removed (totally 50 samples) while deterioration of characterization accuracy is negligible. Temporal variogram revealed tritium correlation over three years. So previously acquired samples could be used to improve the monitoring in scarcely sampled areas. But sensitivity analysis showed that samples older than four seasons do not improve the current season contamination characterization. The conditional optimization was applied to samples of 2010 (all seasons). Previous samples improved the first and the last geostatistical measure, while deteriorated the second and the third measures.
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Döttling, Nico. "Low Noise LPN: KDM Secure Public Key Encryption and Sample Amplification." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 604–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46447-2_27.
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Jaziri, Hela, Emna Derouiche, Wael Kouched, Hamdi Ben Boubaker, Rym Ben Dhiab, Rafika Challouf, and Sana Ben Isamail. "First investigation of microplastic pollution in Monastir Sea surface water (eastern Tunisia)." In Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques”, 471–83. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.43.
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In the framework of COMMON MED-project, a sampling campaign was carried out during December 2020 along two radials namely: T1 and T2. The findings showed that microplastic particles (MPs), ranging from 0.31 to 4.9 mm. For all samples, white color and fragments are the most common. As well, HDPE and PE are the predominant polymers. The concentrations of MPs varied between 62,095,032 and 260,979,12 items/km² with a density of 4 times greater in the T2 radial, which shows the influence of urban and marina origin on plastic contamination among seaside tourist one.
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Cecchi, Enrico, Luigi Piazzi, Michela Ria, Giacomo Marino, and Andrea Nicastro. "Coralligenous cliffs in Tuscany: distribution, extension of the habitat and structure of assemblage." In Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques”, 606–10. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.56.
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The present study aims at assessing the distribution and extension of the coralligenous cliffs in Tuscany and describing the structure and the patterns of spatial variability. The mapping of seabed was obtained through Multibeam echosounder data coupled with video images. Coralligenous cliffs were sampled by SCUBA divers in 11 sectors of rocky costs following the STAR procedure. Coralligenous cliffs were present in all study sites, with a total length of about 62.5 km and a total surface of 0.47 km2. The linear extension of the habitat may be estimated about the 20% of Tuscany rocky coast.
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Lefferts, Juliet W., Vera Boersma, Marne C. Hagemeijer, Karima Hajo, Jeffrey M. Beekman, and Erik Splinter. "Targeted Locus Amplification and Haplotyping." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 31–48. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2819-5_2.
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AbstractTargeted locus amplification (TLA) allows for the detection of all genetic variation (including structural variation) in a genomic region of interest. As TLA is based on proximity ligation, variants can be linked to each other, thereby enabling allelic phasing and the generation of haplotypes. This allows for the study of genetic variants in an allele-specific manner. Here, we provide a step-by-step protocol for TLA sample preparation and a complete bioinformatics pipeline for the allelic phasing of TLA data. Additionally, to illustrate the protocol, we show the ability of TLA to re-sequence and haplotype the complete cystic fibrosis transmembrane (CFTR) gene (> 200 kb in size) from patient-derived intestinal organoids.
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Ooi, E. E., L. R. Petersen, and D. J. Gubler. "Flaviviruses excluding dengue." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 564–75. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070514_update_001.
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Flaviviruses, family Flaviviridae, are enveloped viruses with a single-strand positive-sense RNA genome approximately 11 kb in length. They comprise 53 species (40 of which can cause human infection), divided into three major groups based on epidemiology and phylogenetics. They are maintained in nature in complex transmission cycles involving a variety of animals and hematophagous arthropods, which transmit infection to humans. IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) is widely used for diagnosis, with confirmation requiring a four-fold or greater rise in specific antibodies between acute and convalescent serum samples, virus isolation, detection of specific antigen by immunohistochemistry or of viral RNA by nucleic acid amplification from blood or other tissue sample....
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Selinus, O. "Biogeochemical Monitoring in Medical Geology." In Geology and Health. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162042.003.0029.
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How can we determine the distribution of metals and other elements in our environment? The Geological Survey of Sweden started an innovative monitoring of metals in a monitoring/mapping program in 1980. Before 1980, traditional inorganic stream sediments were used, a method still employed all over the world, but not really suitable for medical work. A new method is used, whereby metal concentrations are determined in organic material consisting of aquatic mosses and roots of aquatic higher plants. These are barrier-free with respect to trace metal uptake and reflect the metal concentrations in stream water (Brundin 1972, 1988, Kabata-Pendias,1992, Selinus 1989). Aerial parts of many plant species do not generally respond to increasing metal concentrations in the growth medium because of physiological barriers between roots and above-ground parts of plants. These barriers protect them from uptake of toxic levels of metals into the vital reproductive organs. The roots and mosses, however, respond closely to chemical variations in background levels related to different bedrock types in addition to effects of pollution. The biogeochemical samples provide information on the time-related bioavailable metal contents in aquatic plants and in the environment. One great advantage of using biogeochemical samples instead of water samples is also that the biogeochemical samples provide integrated information of the metal contents in the water for a period of some years. Water samples suffer from seasonal and annual variations depending on, for example, precipitation. The mapping program now covers about 65% of the land area of Sweden (40,000 sample sites, one sample every 6 km²), where about 80% of the population of Sweden is living. This means that there is now available an extensive analytical data base for use in environmental and medical research (Freden 1994). One example of the use of biogeochemical monitoring concerns high cadmium contents in Sweden. In noncontaminated, noncultivated soils, Cd concentration is largely governed by the amount of Cd in the parent material (Thornton 1986). If the substrate concentration is higher than in background concentrations, Cd is readily taken up by roots and is distributed throughout the plants.
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Le, Quang Ngoc, and Kulthida Tuamsuk. "Knowledge-Sharing Barriers in Non-Profit Environments in Thailand." In Handbook of Research on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Management in Asia’s Digital Economy, 430–41. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5849-5.ch023.
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A knowledge management initiative is as an organizational strategy to ensure organizations develop sustainability and gain competitive advantage. This study is to examine knowledge sharing barriers, including individual, organizational, and technology barriers in the non-profit context. A quantitative analyze was utilized through descriptive statistical technique with data collected from the NPOs in Thailand. The sample organizations were 213 NPOs that currently are operating in diverse sectors. The investigation re-examined KS barriers identified in the literature of KM and to reflect the perspectives beyond for-profit sector. A triad of KS barriers were evaluated, but most barriers did not neatly conform to the sampled organizations in Thailand. The study illustrates an empirical insight into KM strategy for non-profit sectors in the context of developing countries, which needs more attention from the scholars.
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Zaini, N. N. N., N. S. M. Abidin, and A. Zulkiple. "DERIVATION OF ROAD CONDITION INDEX USING RQLASSIC FOR JALAN SUNGAI BARU, PERAK, AND JALAN SEBALIK, SELANGOR." In Construction Engineering and Management. PENERBIT UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/cem.1.04.2022.02.03.
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Access roads are being constructed to facilitate accessibility of local communities, and these roads are the common features in a road network that are often not maintained well and eventually becoming substandard in term of the quality, although they still function as access roads. Therefore, considering the benefits of road, it is essential that the relative quality to be prioritised through effective maintenance programme can be discovered through simple and do able Road Condition Index study called Road Quality (RQLASSIC) by CIDB. For the study, two access roads, namely Jalan Sungai Baru in Perak and Jalan Sebalik in Selangor had been chosen. The roads were divided into 10 equal sections throughout a selected 1 km section, and type of defects were sampled and the results were evaluated as per RQLLASIC procedures. The study found that both sample road sections were in poor RCI of 47% for Sungai Baru and 59% for Jalan Sebalik. Both sample roads worst RCI were the roadside drains at 6.3% and 12%, respectively. Budget for maintenance was determined based on the RCI for the consideration of the relevant authorities.
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Singh, Anuj Kumar, Jayanta Kumar Pati, Shiva Kumar Patil, Wolf Uwe Reimold, Arun Kumar Rao, and Om Prakash Pandey. "Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of impact melt breccia and target rocks from the Dhala impact structure, India." In Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution VI. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2550(14).
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ABSTRACT The ~11-km-wide, Paleoproterozoic Dhala impact structure in north-central India comprises voluminous exposures of impact melt breccia. These outcrops are discontinuously spread over a length of ~6 km in a semicircular pattern along the northern, inner limit of the monomict breccia ring around the central elevated area. This study of the magnetic fabrics of impact breccias and target rocks from the Dhala impact structure identified a weak preferred magnetic orientation for pre-impact crystalline target rocks. The pre- and synimpact rocks from Dhala have magnetite and ilmenite as common magnetic phases. The distributions of magnetic vectors are random for most impact melt breccia samples, but some do indicate a preferred orientation. Our anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data demonstrate that the shape of susceptibility ellipsoids for the target rocks varies from prolate to oblate, and most impact melt breccia samples display both shapes, with a slight bias toward the oblate geometry. The average value for the corrected degree of anisotropy of impact melt rock (P′ = 1.009) is lower than that for the target rocks (P′ = 1.091). The present study also shows that both impact melt breccia and target rock samples of the Dhala structure have undergone minor postimpact alteration, and have similar compositions in terms of magnetic phases and high viscosity. Fine-grained iron oxide or hydroxide is the main alteration phase in impact melt rocks. Impact melt rocks gave a narrow range of mean magnetic susceptibility (Km) and P′ values, in contrast to the target rock samples, which gave Km = 0.05–12.9 × 10−3 standard international units (SI) and P′ = 1.036–1.283. This suggests similar viscosity of the source magma, and limited difference in the degrees of recorded deformation. Between Pagra and Maniar villages, the Km value of impact melt breccias gradually decreases in a clockwise direction, with a maximum value observed near Pagra (Km = 1.67 × 10−3 SI). The poor grouping of magnetic fabrics for most impact melt rock samples implies local turbulence in rapidly cooled impact melt at the front of the melt flow immediately after the impact. The mean K1 for most impact melt samples suggests subhorizontal (<5°) flow in various directions. The average value of Km for the target rocks (4.41 × 10−3 SI) is much higher compared to the value for melt breccias (1.09 × 10−3 SI). The results of this study suggest that the melt breccias were likely part of a sheet-like body of sizeable extent. Our magnetic fabric data are also supported by earlier core drilling information from ~70 locations, with coring depths reaching to −500 m. Our extensive field observations combined with available widespread subsurface data imply that the impact melt sheet could have covered as much as 12 km2 in the Dhala structure, with an estimated minimum melt volume of ~2.4 km3.
Conference papers on the topic "KBM SAMPLES"
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Zonglei, Lu, Wang Jiandong, and Zai Yunfeng. "A New Technology for Combining Small Samples Based on Clustering and Its Applications." In 2008 International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling (KAM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kam.2008.8.
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Chen, Yan, Ming Yang, and Lin Zhang. "General Data Mining Model System Based on Sample Data Division." In 2009 Second International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kam.2009.142.
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An, Zhu Jian. "Notice of Retraction: The explanation of family constitution based on theory of knowlege: A sample of Lee Kum Kee family." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5885332.
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Johnson, Geoffrey, Mehrdad Hesampour, Susanna Toivonen, Sirkku Hanski, Stina Sihvonen, Nancy Lugo, Jennifer McCallum, and Michael Pope. "Confirmation of Polymer Viscosity Retention at the Captain Field Through Wellhead Sampling." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209370-ms.
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Abstract The Ithaca-operated Captain field is located in Block 13/22a in the U.K. sector of the North Sea, 130 km northeast of Aberdeen, in a water depth of 360 ft. The Captain Field has an adverse mobility ratio across all the producing reservoirs and so has undergone improved oil recovery by polymer flooding since 2011 using Anionic polyacrylamide (HPAM) in liquid form. This paper presents recent offshore wellhead sampling from the Captain facility that confirms high polymer solution viscosity retention from a producing well, even after significant mechanical degradation through the Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP), which is used for artificial lift. The continuing commercial success of the Captain Field polymer flood is underpinned by maintaining polymer viscosity throughout the system. High polymer returns, combined with declining oil rates, may result in the continued operation of these wells to be unattractive. This paper summarises the data used to shut-in mature wells that are producing polymer to the surface, to enable the polymer flood to continue displacing oil to offset production wells. Samples were collected from the wellhead in oxygen free conditions into pressurized cylinders. The measurements in laboratory were taken inside a glove box to avoid oxygen ingress. The absence of oxygen was confirmed through measurements of dissolved oxygen and redox potential. Viscosity of the solutions have been measured with Brookfield viscometer inside the glove box and the results were compared to the expected viscosity from fresh non-degraded polymer solution. The expected viscosity was determined using a concentration – viscosity curve of a fresh polymer in synthetic Captain brine. Polymer solution concentration is measured on-site using KemConnect™ EOR, a time resolved fluorescence method, the collected samples were subsequently confirmed with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in the laboratory. The polymer concentrations measured from these wellhead samples with KemConnect™ EOR were in the region of 700-900 ppm. Previously collected downhole viscosity samples confirmed >70% viscosity retention prior to being produced through the ESP, while 50-80% of the original viscosity was found to be retained after production through the ESP to the surface facilities under anaerobic conditions for the range of concentrations sampled. These findings demonstrate the resilience of the polymer product to degradation in a real-world operational setting. It also provides data that may be used to estimate the expected downhole polymer solution viscosity from wellhead samples for defined operating conditions. The ability to estimate polymer solution downhole viscosity retention from wellhead samples provides a simpler and less expensive method of estimating viscosity retention than downhole sampling, which is especially useful for wells that do not have downhole access for sample collection.
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Grudzinska, Ieva, and Megija Florentīne. "Diatom-based assessment of the ecological status of the Venta River, Kuldīga." In 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iarb.2022.02.
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Pressure from land use patterns, climate change, and urbanisation on rivers is an important socio-ecological issue that requires management and biomonitoring. The ecologi-cal status of the Venta River at Kuldīga was assessed using bioindicators, specifically diatoms, which are widely used in monitoring of streams and rivers worldwide, especially in European countries. Ecological status was defined by calculating Specific Pollution Sensitivity Index (IPS). In addition, diatom diversity was determined in the studied part of the river. A total of six sam-pling sites were selected along a 10 km stretch of the river in the territory of Kuldīga. The aver-age distance between sampling sites was 1.5 km. A total of 118 taxa were identified in all samples. The highest species diversity (67 taxa) was observed in sample 2. Individual rarefaction was calculated if exactly 500 diatom valves were counted in all samples. The lowest species diversity was observed in samples 6 (45 taxa) and 6A (17 taxa). Samples 1 and 5 were the most similar in terms of species composition. This is probably because both sites have similar physical characteristics that include sandy beaches with a slow current. The most abundant diatoms were Cocconeis placentula Ehrenberg, Amphora pediculus (Kützing) Grunow, Nitzschia fossilis (Grunow) Grunow, Navicula capitatoradiata Germain ex Gasse, Navicula antonii Lange-Bertalot, Amphora libyca Ehrenberg, and Sellaphora nigri (De Notaris) Wetzel & Ector, which are commonly found in eutrophic waters. Diatom analysis suggests that the Venta might be at risk for eutrophication. For the most abundant diatom taxa, the suscep-tibility to pollution was assessed as III (medium), but there were also diatoms with IV and V (very sensitive to pollution). This shows that the Venta River in Kuldīga overall has low levels of pollution. All study sites were rated as having ‘good’ ecological status according to the IPS index (12.4-14.1 IPS).
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Bukhshtab, Michael. "Direct measurements of total losses in vapor grown quartz glasses." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.wr2.
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Results of studying low absorption plus scattering losses in pure glasses' bulk by direct attenuation measurements with very small numerical aperture NA g = 0.006 ÷ 0.012 in reflected laser radiation at λ = 632.8 nm are presented. In all studied glasses, including Corning-7940, an order of higher attenuation related to the same coefficient in fibers with NA f = 0.4 was observed. Experiment indicates the presence of essential small–angle scattering within the direction between NA f and NA g . Mean losses were about 80 dB/km at NAg =0.006 and 40 dB/km at NA g = 0.012. There are large inclusions compared with laser wavelength, and so higher attenuation (up to 120–200 dB/km) was found in vacuum pressure deposited quartz glass with low OH− content. In unclad fiber with NA f = 0.4 drawn from the last samples the total losses at λ = 1.3 and λ = 1.55 μm consisted of 1.6 and 0.9 dB/km, correspondingly. The lowest bulk attenuation found at NA g = 0.006 in fused quartz KV for region VI in 10 cm long sample that consisted of 16 ± 1 dB/km at a surface reflectance stability ±0.005%/h.
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Liu, Kelvin J., Tushar D. Rane, Yi Zhang, Cyrus W. Beh, Sarah M. Friedrich, Dong Jin Shin, and Tza-Huei Wang. "An Integrated Platform for Single Molecule Free Solution Hydrodynamic Separation Using Yoctomoles of DNA and Picoliter Samples." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73154.
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We report a microfluidic platform for sizing and separation of DNA called PicoSep that is among the most sensitive to date, requiring only yoctomoles of DNA (10−24 moles) and picoliters of sample (<10 pL). The cohesive integration of cylindrical illumination confocal spectroscopy based (CICS) single molecule counting with free solution hydrodynamic separation increases detection sensitivity >103-fold over traditional laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and vastly improves quantification accuracy. Separation is performed via single molecule free solution hydrodynamic separation (SML-FSHS). SML-FSHS relies on the wall exclusion mechanism to separate DNA as it is driven down buffer filled microchannel. High separation efficiency (plate number = 105 – 106) and high sizing resolution (37 bp – 2.1 kbp) are obtained across a wide dynamic range of DNA (100 bp – 27 kbp) in a single separation. Quantitative accuracy up to the limits imposed by molecular shot noise is achieved, and a limit of detection <20 molecules is demonstrated. Through the development of PicoSep, we have significantly reduced the cost and complexity of single molecule instrumentation while achieving sizing and quantification performance that surpasses capillary electrophoresis (CE). Unlike CE, no viscous sieving matrices, high voltage power supplies, or capillary wall coatings are necessary, making devices inexpensive, simple to fabricate, and easy to incorporate into lab on a chip systems.
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Scarborough, Patrick T., Howard L. Hendrix, Matt D. Davidson, Xiaofeng Guan, Robert S. Dahlin, and E. Carl Landham. "Power Systems Development Facility: High Temperature, High Pressure Filter System Operations in a Combustion Gas." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-343.
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The Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) is a Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored engineering scale demonstration of two advanced coal-fired power systems. Particulate cleanup is achieved by several High Temperature, High Pressure (HTHP) gas filtration systems. The PSDF was designed at sufficient scale so that advanced power systems and components could be tested in an integrated fashion to provide confidence and data for commercial scale-up. This paper provides an operations summary of a Siemens-Westinghouse Particulate Control Device (PCD) filtering combustion gas from a Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR) transport reactor located at the PSDF. The transport reactor is an advanced circulating fluidized bed reactor designed to operate as either a combustor or a gasifier. Particulate cleanup is achieved by using one of two PCDs, located downstream of the transport reactor. As of the end of 1998, the transport reactor has operated on coal as a combustor for over 3500 hours. To date, filter elements from 3M, Blasch, Coors, Allied Signal (DuPont), IF&P, McDermott, Pall, Schumacher and Specific Surface have been tested up to 1400°F in the Siemens-Westinghouse PCD. The PSDF has a unique capability for the collection of samples of suspended dust entering and exiting the PCD with Southern Research Institute’s (SRI) in-situ particulate sampling systems. These systems have operated successfully and have proven to be invaluable assets. Isokinetic samples using a batch sampler, a cascade impactor and a cyclone manifold have provided valuable data to support the operation of the transport reactor and the PCD. Southern Research Institute has also supported the PSDF by conducting filter element material testing.
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Coutris, Pierre, Guy Febvre, Louis Jaffeux, Alfons Schwarzenboeck, Fabien Dezitter, Anne-Claire Billault-Roux, Jacopo Grazioli, Alexis Berne, Susana Jorquera, and Julien Delanoe. "Assessing Mixed-Phase Conditions during the ICE GENESIS Snow Measurement Campaign." In International Conference on Icing of Aircraft, Engines, and Structures. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-1494.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the framework of the European ICE GENESIS project (https://www.ice-genesis.eu/), a field experiment was conducted in the Swiss Jura in January 2021 in order to characterize snow microphysical properties and document snow conditions for aviation industry purposes. Complementary to companion papers reporting on snow properties, this study presents an investigation on mixed-phase conditions sampled during the ICE GENESIS field campaign. Using in situ measurement of the liquid and total water content, the ice mass fraction is calculated and serves as a criteria to identify mixed-phase conditions. In the end, mixed phase conditions were identified in almost 30 % of the 3800 km long cloud samples included in the ICE GENESIS dataset. The data suggests that the occurrence of mixed-phase does not clearly depend on temperature in the 0 to -10 °C range, but varies significantly from one cloud system to another. The distribution of mixed phase and liquid only spatial scales cascades from 100 m (instrumental resolution limit) to 12 km, existing most of the time as pockets of few hundreds of meters embedded in larger cloudy areas.</div></div>
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Kalinin, V. N., and V. N. Zabrotski. "ESTIMATION OF HEALTH RISK FOR PERSON CONSUMING BUSHMEAT TAKEN AT THE CHERNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-263-266.
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According to the gamma-spectrometry analysis measurements of the bushmeat samples taken by hunters in exclusion zone 137Cs activity concentration could reach the value of 3 kBq/kg. The probable effective doses of the internal irradiation of the bushmeat consumers were calculated according to the consumer basket and using the dose coefficients (dose per unit exposure). In case of the consumption of the bushmeat that meets the hygienic level the radiation risk of cancer mortality will not exceed the value of the generalised risk equal 1,0*10-5 year-1 for the population.
Reports on the topic "KBM SAMPLES"
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Bourdeau, J. E., and R. D. Dyer. Regional-scale lake-sediment sampling and analytical protocols with examples from the Geological Survey of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331911.
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Regional-scale lake sediment surveys have been successfully used since the 1970s as a means for reconnaissance geochemical exploration. Lake sediment sampling is typically performed in areas with a lack of streams and an overabundance of small-sized (=5 km across) lakes. Lake sediments are known to have major, minor and trace element concentrations that reflect the local geology. Overall, lake sediment surveys are planned and conducted following four distinct stages: 1) background research, 2) orientation survey, 3) regional survey, and 4) detailed survey. At the Geological Survey of Canada, samples are usually collected from a helicopter with floats. Sample density ranges from 1 sample per 6 - 13 km2. Samples are collected from the centre of the lake using a gravity torpedo sampler which corresponds to a hollow-pipe, butterfly bottom-valved sampler attached by a rope to the helicopter. Collected sediment samples are then placed in labelled bags and left to air dry. Detailed field notes and additional samples (field duplicates), for the purpose of an adequate quality assurance and quality control program, are also taken. Samples are then milled and sent to analytical laboratories for element determination. Commonly used analytical methods include: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and -mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), and/or determination of volatile compounds and organic carbon using Loss on Ignition (LOI). Analytical data is first evaluated for quality (contamination, accuracy and precision). Numerous options for the analysis of lake sediment data exist, ranging from simple basic element concentration maps and statistical graphical displays together with summary statistics, to employing multivariate methodologies, and, more recently, using machine learning algorithms. By adopting the set of guidelines and examples presented in this manual, scientific researchers, exploration geologists, geochemists and citizen scientists will be able to directly compare lake sediment datasets from anywhere in Canada.
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Smith, I. R., S. J. A. Day, R C Paulen, and D. G. Pearson. Chemical studies of kimberlite indicator minerals from stream sediment and till samples in the southern Mackenzie region (NTS 85B, C, F, G), Northwest Territories, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329080.
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Till (n=196) and stream sediment (n=60) samples were collected in the area south and west of Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories (NTS 85B, C, F, and G), over the course of 3 summer field seasons. Samples were processed to recover kimberlite and other indicator minerals. This report summarizes results of the kimberlite indicator mineral (KIM) studies, including measures of KIM mineral types, abundances, and chemistry (major, trace, and rare earth elements). KIMs were present in 24% of the samples collected, and only 183 KIM grains in total were recovered, of which Cr-pyrope garnets were the most abundant (65.6%). Chemical analyses revealed strong similarities to the Drybones Bay and Mud Lake kimberlites which are situated 50 to &gt;100 km to the northeast, roughly aligned with prominent glacially streamlined landform flowsets in this field area. Results suggest there is little evidence for undetected kimberlite outcrop or sub-crop in the study area.
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Plouffe, A., D. Petts, I M Kjarsgaard, and M. Polivchuk. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry mapping of porphyry -related epidote from south-central British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331671.
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The microscopic composition of thirteen samples of epidote related to porphyry Cu mineralization was mapped using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) at the Geological Survey of Canada. The objective of this research is to improve the indicator mineral method of mineral exploration in glaciated terrains by utilizing the trace element composition of epidote. Six bedrock samples from porphyry Cu deposits of south-central British Columbia (Gibraltar, Mount Polley and Woodjam), three bedrock samples from the Nicola Group located close (&lt;2 km) from the intrusions host of porphyry mineralization and afar (12 km), and four epidote grains from two till samples, one at Gibraltar and a second one at Mount Polley, were analyzed. Backscattered electron (BSE) images and the LA-ICP-MS maps show an heterogeneous distribution of Fe and Al in epidote following complex and mottled patterns and consistent zoning typically with high Fe and low Al concentrations in the core progressing to low Fe and high Al concentrations in the rim. Trace elements are heterogeneously distributed in epidote following the Fe/Al zoning in some samples. Evidence of late infiltration of trace elements (e.g. Cu, Zn, and REE) along fractures in epidote is observed in some samples. The variability in epidote composition is thought to be related to the changing conditions during its crystallization including oxidation state, pH, oxygen fugacity, fluid composition, temperature and pressure. Multiple LA-ICP-MS spot analyses need to be conducted on this mineral to fully evaluate its composition as an indicator mineral of porphyry Cu mineralization.
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McClenaghan, M. B., D. M. Brushett, R. C. Paulen, C. Beckett-Brown, J M Rice, A. Haji Egeh, and A. Nissen. Critical metal indicator mineral studies of till samples collected around the Brazil Lake LCT pegmatite, southwest Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331537.
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This report describes field work carried out as part of the Geological Survey of Canada's Targeted Geoscience Initiative indicator mineral research activities at the Brazil Lake Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites in southwest Nova Scotia. This research is being undertaken in partnership with the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources and Renewables (NSDNRR). In the fall of 2022, 44 till samples were collected around and down-ice of the Brazil Lake Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites to document the geochemical and indicator mineral signatures of the pegmatites in the till. In 2020, 2021, and earlier in the summer of 2022, 105 till samples were collected across southwest Nova Scotia by the NSDNRR to provide regional context for the interpretation of the 44 case study samples. Till samples were also collected at the Salmon River beach section ~25 km north of Yarmouth where a thick coastal exposure (&gt; 20 m) contains multiple till units that reflect several phases of glacial deposition and shifting ice-flow directions across southwest Nova Scotia. These section samples will provide insight and additional details on the regional glacial context.
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Hart, Carl R., D. Keith Wilson, Chris L. Pettit, and Edward T. Nykaza. Machine-Learning of Long-Range Sound Propagation Through Simulated Atmospheric Turbulence. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41182.
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Conventional numerical methods can capture the inherent variability of long-range outdoor sound propagation. However, computational memory and time requirements are high. In contrast, machine-learning models provide very fast predictions. This comes by learning from experimental observations or surrogate data. Yet, it is unknown what type of surrogate data is most suitable for machine-learning. This study used a Crank-Nicholson parabolic equation (CNPE) for generating the surrogate data. The CNPE input data were sampled by the Latin hypercube technique. Two separate datasets comprised 5000 samples of model input. The first dataset consisted of transmission loss (TL) fields for single realizations of turbulence. The second dataset consisted of average TL fields for 64 realizations of turbulence. Three machine-learning algorithms were applied to each dataset, namely, ensemble decision trees, neural networks, and cluster-weighted models. Observational data come from a long-range (out to 8 km) sound propagation experiment. In comparison to the experimental observations, regression predictions have 5–7 dB in median absolute error. Surrogate data quality depends on an accurate characterization of refractive and scattering conditions. Predictions obtained through a single realization of turbulence agree better with the experimental observations.
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Beckett-Brown, C. E., A. M. McDonald, and M. B. McClenaghan. Discovering a porphyry deposit using tourmaline: a case study from Yukon. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331349.
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As the exploration for porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposits has become increasingly challenging, the development of more effective techniques directed at detecting buried deposits has become critical. One methodology is to focus on key minerals, one of which is tourmaline, a robust, ubiquitous mineral in most mineralized porphyry systems. Overall, a combination of physical and chemical characteristics including 1) macro-color, 2) morphology, 3) inclusion populations, and 4) trace-element compositions are useful in discriminating between porphyry- versus non-porphyry-derived (or related) tourmaline in surficial sediments (Beckett-Brown 2022). These features are applied to tourmaline obtained from stream sediment samples (n = 22) from 16 streams derived from the unglaciated terrain proximal to the Casino calc-alkaline porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit (Yukon Territory, Canada). The obtained tourmaline occurs as two distinct morphologies: 1) individual blocky to prismatic sub- to euhedral grains (Type 1), 2) aggregates of radiating prismatic to acicular sub- to euhedral grains (Type 2). Type 1 grains display trace-element contents that reflect mixed origins including a mineralized porphyry origin as well metamorphic and pegmatitic (background) environments. Type 2 grains almost exclusively exhibit porphyry-derived trace-element chemistries (i.e., high Sr/Pb ~150 avg. and relatively low Zn/Cu ~2.5 avg. values). In Canadian Creek, that directly drains from the Casino deposit, samples closest to the deposit contain &gt;70% porphyry-derived tourmaline, while other streams in the region from unprospective drainage basins contain no porphyry-derived tourmaline. At the most distal sample site in Canadian Creek, ~20 km downstream from Casino, nearly 30% of the recovered tourmaline in the stream sediments is porphyry-related. This method has potential to be a strong indicator of prospectivity and applicable for exploration for porphyry Cu-Au-Mo systems in both unglaciated and glaciated terrains.
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McClenaghan, M. B., D. M. Brushett, C. E. Beckett-Brown, R. C. Paulen, J. M. Rice, A. Haji Egeh, and A. Nissen. Indicator mineral studies at the Brazil Lake LCT Pegmatites, southwest Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331686.
Full textAbstract:
Indicator mineral research is currently being undertaken in partnership with the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources and Renewables at the Brazil Lake lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites in southwest Nova Scotia as part of the Geological Survey of Canada's Targeted Geoscience Initiative(TGI) program. The pegmatites, discovered in 1960, are well known from previous detailed bedrock mapping and surficial studies, and are informally named based on their relative geographic positions as the South and North pegmatites. The South pegmatite naturally outcrops, and both pegmatites are surrounded by spodumene-rich boulders on the surface of the thin-till covered (&lt;4 m) drumlinized glacial landscape. For these reasons, the pegmatites are excellent sites to test indicator mineral exploration methods for Li and associated critical elements (e.g. Ce, Ta). Five pegmatite samples were collected for detailed study and analysis of potential indicator minerals. Close to the pegmatite and up to 13 km down ice (south-southeast), 87 bulk (10-14 kg), till sediment samples were collected for indicator mineral analysis. A total of 105 till samples were collected around the pegmatite and across the region for matrix geochemistry. A preliminary list of indicator minerals includes mid-density (e.g., spodumene, tourmaline, blue apatite) and high-density mineral species (e.g., columbite-tantalite, cassiterite) and this list is expected to expand as the detailed studies progress. Trenches dug in the Fall 2022 to collect till samples on the proximal down ice (south) sides of both pegmatites revealed abundant spodumene pebbles and small cobbles in the till, indicating that the local till should display strong indicator mineral and matrix geochemical signatures derived from the pegmatites.
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Knight, R. D., and B. A. Kjarsgaard. Comparative pXRF and Lab ICP-ES/MS methods for mineral resource assessment, Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331239.
Full textAbstract:
The Geological Survey of Canada undertook a mineral resource assessment for a proposed national park in northern Canada (~ 33,500 km2) spanning the transition from boreal forest to barren lands tundra. Bedrock geology of this region is complex and includes the Archean Slave Craton, the Archean and Paleoproterozoic Rae domain of the Churchill Province, the Paleoproterozoic Thelon and Taltson magmatic-tectonic zones, and the Paleoproterozoic East Arm sedimentary basin. The area has variable mineral potential for lode gold, kimberlite-hosted diamonds, VMS, vein uranium and copper, SEDEX, as well as other deposit types. A comparison of analytical methods was carried out after processing the field collected samples to acquire both the &lt; 2 mm and for the &lt; 0.063 mm size fractions for 241 surficial sediment (till) samples, collected using a 10 x 10 km grid. Analytical methods comprised: 1) aqua regia followed by ICP-MS analysis, 2) 4-acid hot dissolution followed by ICP-ES/MS analysis, 3) lithium metaborate/tetraborate fusion methods followed by ICP-ES for major elements and ICP-MS for trace elements and, 4) portable XRF on dried, non-sieved sediment samples subjected to a granular segregation processing technique (to produce a clay-silt proxy) for seventeen elements (Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, Zn, and Zr) Results indicate that pXRF data do not replicate exactly the laboratory 4-acid and fusion data (in terms of precision and accuracy), but the relationship between the datasets is systematic as displayed in x-y scattergrams. Interpolated single element plots indicate that till samples with anomalies of high and low pXRF concentration levels are synonymous with high and low laboratory-based analytical concentration levels, respectively. The pXRF interpolations thus illustrate the regional geochemical trends, and most importantly, the significant geochemical anomalies in the surficial samples. These results indicate that pXRF spectrometry for a subset of elements is comparable to traditional laboratory methods. pXRF spectrometry also provides the benefit of rapid analysis and data acquisition that has a direct influence on real time sampling designs. This information facilitates efficient and cost-effective field projects (i.e. where used to identify regions of interest for high density sampling), and to prioritize samples to be analyzed using traditional geochemical methods. These tactics should increase the efficiency and success of a mineral exploration and/or environmental sampling programs.
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Løvschal, Mette, Havananda Ombashi, Marianne Høyem Andreasen, Bo Ejstrud, Renée Enevikd, Astrid Jensen, Mette Klingenberg, Søren Munch Kristiansen, and Nina Helt Nielsen. The Protected Burial Mound ‘Store Vejlhøj’, Vinderup, Denmark: First Results. Det Kgl. Bibliotek, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aulsps-e.479.
Full textAbstract:
An archaeological excavation of the protected burial mound Store Vejlhøj in northwestern Denmark was carried out in October-November 2021. The excavation formed part of the ERC-funded research project called ANTHEA, focusing on the deep history of anthropogenic heathlands. It was conducted by Aarhus University in collaboration with Holstebro Museum and Moesgaard Museum. The aim was to test a new method of sampling pollen data from different construction stages in a burial mound and comparing them with pollen data from nearby lake sediments with a view to improving our understanding of prehistoric anthropogenic heathland dynamics. Prior to the excavation, soil cores were collected from two nearby peat sediments as well as six burial mounds (including Store Vejlhøj) within a 1 km range of Lake Skånsø, where previous pollen analyses had been carried out. Based on these preliminary corings, Store Vejlhøj was selected for further archaeological investigation. A dispensation for excavating the protected mound was granted by the Danish Palaces and Culture Agency. The excavation was based on a 5 m long trench through the barrow, moving from its foot inwards. The surface vegetation and 40 cm topsoil were removed by an excavator, after which the remainder of the trench was manually dug in horizontal layers. Observation conditions were good. The excavation revealed a series of well-defined barrow construction stages, as well as unusually wellpreserved turf structures. Only two archaeological finds could be related to the barrow, both of which were later than its initial construction: a secondary urn in the top layer, and the base of a second urn at the foot of the mound. The burial mound was constructed using a minimum of three shells, which could be observed in the trench profile. Turfs were most probably collected locally in a landscape dominated by grass pastures, where no previous turf cutting had taken place. A total of 34 soil samples were collected for paleoecological analyses (pollen, Non-Pollen Polymorphs (NPPs), macrofossils) and geoarchaeological analyses (micromorphology, bulk samples). Preliminary pollen and macrofossil results from the burial mound revealed poor preservation conditions, which prompted a trench extension of 0.5 m by 0.2 m to find better preservation conditions. This extension resulted in the collection of a single final macrofossil sample, although there was no identifiable change in the in-situ preservation conditions. The dating results of the mound have not yet been completed and will be included as appendix 4-6 in 2023.
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Regis, D., and M. Sanborn-Barrie. Delimiting the extent of 'Boothia terrane' crust, Nunavut: new U-Pb geochronological results. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330703.
Full textAbstract:
The Boothia Peninsula - Somerset Island region of north-central Nunavut is a frontier region (70-74°N, 94°W) long considered as part of Rae craton. Recent field mapping and acquisition of isotopic (U-Pb, Sm-Nd) data as part of the GEM-2 Boothia-Somerset project allowed this region's exposed Precambrian bedrock to be better characterized with respect to petrology and litho-geochemistry, and to be more extensively and more precisely time-calibrated. The discovery of unique, possibly exotic, basement characterized by a ca. 2.55-2.51 Ga TTG suite overlain by ca. 2.5 Ga metasedimentary rocks, cut by 2.49- 2.48 Ga plutons, are all atypical components of the Archean Rae crust. This new knowledge and the hint of similar 'Boothia terrane' crust south of Boothia Peninsula (Ryan et al., 2009), east of the Queen Maud block (Davis et al., 2014) in central Nunavut, and in northernmost Saskatchewan (Cloutier et al., 2021), raised the possibility this terrane may extend &gt;1600 km across north-central Canada. During the foundational year of GEM-GeoNorth, the extent of Boothia terrane crust was explored through legacy samples collected during the 2012 GEM Frontiers' transect across mainland Nunavut. As part of this new study, field descriptions, photographic records and legacy samples were examined, and new U-Pb zircon geochronology was acquired. The new data and knowledge were used to: i) identify new components of Boothia terrane on the mainland southwest of Boothia Peninsula; ii) further distinguish this crust from that of Rae affinity; and iii) better constrain the depositional age of Sherman Group metasedimentary rocks.