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Academic literature on the topic 'Karbala'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Karbala"

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Fahad, Ali F., Hamid A. Al-Jameel, and Raid R. A. Al Muhanna. "Evaluating Urban Streets and Public Transportation in Karbala City Using GIS." E3S Web of Conferences 427 (2023): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342704009.

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Because of the privilege of the city of Karbala with its religious character, this city has become a destination for all visitors from all cities of the world; as a consequence, there are now more people living in Karbala, which has increased the number of vehicles on the road and, consequently, the amount of traffic congestion. In this study, the degrees of public transportation service in the city of Karbala as well as the urban road network, were assessed using GIS. The collected data include the number of nodes, links, and the total length of Karbala's urban road network using a GIS program and traffic composition (bus and minibus). Then, a set of coefficients for evaluating the urban road network was calculated) β- Index, α- Index, γ- Index, η- Index and GTP- Index), After determining the percentage of buses and minibusses, it became clear that public transportation in Karbala is very weak and needs development, as the percentage of buses and minibusses did not exceed 30% of the total traffic volume.

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Parkes, Aidan. "The Ashura Assemblage: Karbala’s Religious Urban Fabric and Reproduction of Collective Shiʿi Identity." Religions 12, no. 10 (October 19, 2021): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12100904.

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Assemblage theory complicates an already extensive literature on religious urbanity, cultural heritage, the social construction of space and the power of place. Nevertheless, the concept can be applied to social and religious history in locations such as West Asia. As this paper argues, avoiding dichotomous and politicised treatments of Karbala in dynamics of the Sunni–Shia divide and debates concerning the so-called “Karbala Paradigm”, the “Ashura Assemblage” demonstrates how space contributes to the reproduction of collective Shiʿi identity in Karbala. It outlines aspects of territoriality and sacralised Shiʿi rituals, tracing constantly recurring connections between various sacred spots, spaces and places of ritual. This study then illustrates how collective Shiʿi identity is mnemonically connected to Ashura-oriented spaces. This study utilises representational tools such as maps and diagrams to depict Karbala’s religious urban landscape. Ethnographic fieldwork and an array of primary and secondary source research uncover granularities in the Ashura Assemblage, suggesting a more prominent role for interpretive approaches to atomistic assemblages of urban religious spaces.

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Takim, Liyakat. "Reliving Karbala." American Journal of Islam and Society 26, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v26i3.1384.

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Most studies on the epic events in Karbala and the martyrdom in 680 ofHusayn, the Prophet’s grandson, have focused on the possible ramificationsof his sacrifice and the paradigmatic models that can be constructed fromthis event. Other studies have examined the various genres of Shi`i ritualsenacted to commemorate Husayn’s martyrdom. Akbar Hyder’s RelivingKarbala examines this death from very different perspectives.The author does not claim to provide a systematic exposition of the historicalevents or philosophy of Husayn’s martyrdom. He neither focuses onthe written texts of history nor presents a normative reading of Karbala.Rather, he transcends the traditional Shi`i-coded understanding by offeringa more trans-sectarian and trans-communal, as well as multiple readings, ofthis entire episode. The book also covers Karbala’s influence on the SouthAsian cultural and literary landscape, demonstrating, in the process, how thisnarrative is appropriated and lived in the contexts and memories of SouthAsian Muslims and non-Muslims at different times.Hyder uses a wide array of sources, ranging from classical Islamic textsto modern twentieth-century discourses and incorporates citations from Iqbal, Premchand, Gandhi, and others. The book opens a window on how variousinterpretive strategies can be utilized to read a seventh-century event and howthey can shape social milieus inhabited by more than a billion people ...

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Hyder, Syed Akbar. "Iqbal and Karbala." Cultural Dynamics 13, no. 3 (November 2001): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/092137400101300305.

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Valjevac, Mina, and Mensur Valjevac. "KARBALA – A CRITICAL REVIEW." Zbornik radova 15, no. 15 (December 15, 2017): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2019.15.193.

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The peace treaty between hadrat Hasan and hadrat Muawiya brought peace to a new Islamic state. According to it, the authority was supposed to be given to hadrat Hasan after hadrat Muawiya, who could not name the commander of the faithful after himself. However, hadrat Muawiya did not adhere to the treaty, but introduced a hereditary monarchy and named his son Yazid as the heir to the throne. Hadrat Husain could not acknowledge him as the new caliph, since it would have presented a violation of the peace agreement. Thus, the Kufians offered to acknowledge hadrat Husain as the caliph. However, they betrayed him and left him to Yazid's army who carried out the massacre of the noble family (Ahlul-Bayt) of the Prophet of Allah (p.b.u.h.) in Karbala. On the other hand, the Prophet of Allah (p.b.u.h.) had clearly foreshadowed the establishment of a monarchy after the period of righteous caliphs, as well as the hadrat Husain’s death. This event at Karbala presents the confirmation of the value of the Day of Ashura, marked by the Prophet of Allah (p.b.u.h.) due to its specific exceptionality. Hadrat Husain was chosen on the chosen day for the chosen death, i.e. the death on the Allah's way (shahadah). Islamic scholars, such as Es-Sujuti and Ibn Taymiyyah, consider it completely justified to imprecate Yazid for the murder of hadrat Husain, the massacre on Ahli-Bayt, and the desecration of Medina and Makkah.

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ÇAKIR, Mumine. "Karbala Dirges of Kadimi." Journal of Turkish Studies Volume 7 Issue 1, no. 7 (2012): 705–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.3087.

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Jolivet-Levy, Catherine. "The horsemen of Karbala." Zograf, no. 33 (2009): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zog0933019j.

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This article analyzes a fresco from the ninth or tenth century preserved in a sepulchre church at Guzelyurt (ancient Karbala) in Cappadocia. Two officers of the Byzantine army, Leon, a skribon, who is buried there, and Michael, a turmarch, are depicted on horseback, in keeping with the iconographic scheme of representing holy horsemen. They are attacking an infantryman depicted between them. The infantryman has driven his dagger into the breast of Michael's horse. The text provides a historical background and an iconographic interpretation of the composition. It is a commemorative representation of two soldiers who probably died in battle. Compositions celebrating military activities and justifying the killings committed in war were of special importance in the region at a time when the military played a major role in defending the empire. .

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Preston, Travis. "The Road to Karbala." TDR/The Drama Review 48, no. 1 (March 2004): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105420404772990709.

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Rizvi, Sajjad H. "The Women of Karbala." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i2.1628.

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This beautifully produced work provides a gendered reading of the centralityof the Karbala commemorations among Shi`i communities. There isa strong Persian(ate) bias in the selections (only two papers really deal withpractices in an Arab context). However, it represents the maturity of the stateof Shi`i studies, having moved beyond the sensationalism of political obsessionsfollowing the Iranian revolution of 1979 and the textually basedOrientalism of an earlier generation to considerations of actual practices,performances, understanding of texts, and enactments of doctrines. The Women of Karbala is a significant contribution to the study of Shi`iIslam in practice. Most of the papers are based on anthropological fieldworkin majoritarian communities. The collection could have benefited from somemore historical studies (there are two studies on the Qajar period), textualstudies, and examinations of Arab communities, as well as the increasingsignificance of the Shi`i diasporic communities in Europe and North America(one paper does nod in that direction). Another feature that would haveenhanced the collection would be to interpret Shi`i more widely. For example,there is one paper on Bohra practices but none on the Zaydis and recentdevelopments in the Yemeni highlands that have made Shi`i commemorationscritical junctures of conflict ...

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Abdul-Hussein Mahdi AL-SAKHANI, Mohsen. "THE IMPACT OF HOTEL SERVICES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL TOURISM: A FIELD STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF HOSPITALS IN KARBALA." International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research 05, no. 03 (June 1, 2023): 208–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.20.13.

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This study aims to determine the impact of hotel services in the hospitals of the holy city of Karbala in the development of medical tourism. The current study relies on the descriptive analytical approach in order to achieve the goal of the study, a number of 400 survey forms were distributed to a random sample of patients in Karbala hospitals, of which only 382 were valid for analysis, at a rate of 95.5%. The data received was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26, to arrive at the results of the study. The study concluded that there is a positive statistically significant effect between the quality of hotel services in Karbala city hospitals and the development of medical tourism in Karbala, and the quality of hotel services in hospitals contributes to increasing the number of arrivals to Karbala city. Based on the extracted results, a set of recommendations were developed, most notably, building an information base on Arab patients in particular who were previously dealt with to communicate with them and introduce them to the new services in Iraqi hospitals

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Karbala"

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Al-Ansari, R. M. Ali. "Holy shrines of Karbala : architectural study with a historical background of the area between and around the two holy shrines of Karbala-Iraq." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503584.

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Al-Turfi, Sadeq. "Best practice project management for the sustainable regeneration of Holy Karbala Province in Iraq." Thesis, University of Bolton, 2017. http://ubir.bolton.ac.uk/2031/.

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Many Regional Development Projects (Reconstruction Program in the Provinces) in Iraq, especially in Holy Karbala Province, suffer from mismanagement despite being 11 years since the launch of the program, the ready availability of funds from Iraq's oil revenues and the urgent need for infrastructure and essential public services. Reconstruction projects experience a high failure rate due to immature and unprofessional development plans, a lack of properly qualified people and ongoing training, and problematic routine procedures. In recent decades, there has been a boom in management science in developed countries, specifically regarding the application of project management. Sadly, this is not the case in Iraq where project management practices remained unchanged and therefore outdated. A lack of implementation of standard project management methods in the construction industry in Holy Karbala Province has resulted in reconstruction projects that suffer from poor performance, delays, cost overrun, quality failures, disputes and claims. In order to improve this situation, there is the need for in-depth research of the project management environment to establish a foundation for the design of a new framework for the development of best practice in this area. In consequence, this study aimed to examine current organizational structures and processes and to carry out an analysis of the key issues and causal relationships in Regional Development Project Management in Holy Karbala Province. The factors affecting the outcomes of projects were identified and assessed from the point of view of the key stakeholders group: residents, clients, consultants and contractors. This research adopted a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) approach, making use of questionnaires and interviews designed to examine the main aims of this study. The research started with qualitative interviews whereby thirty managers were interviewed to evaluate organisational structure and process, key problems and obstacles that they faced. This was followed by the distribution of quantitative questionnaires to a representative sample of 541 citizens, 126 employees (consultants and clients) and 78 contractors, to identify the main issues affecting project management practice and project outcome in Holy Karbala Province. Finally, focus-group interviews (qualitative approach) were carried out with 50 experts to assess the negative impact of 61 key factors affecting the timing, cost and quality of projects in Karbala. Several types of internal and external secondary data were also collected and included. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and Social Science Software Package (SPSS). Descriptions are used for frequencies, means, relative importance and other statistical calculations, presented in tables and graphs. The results have revealed that political change, unqualified project leaders, financial and administrative corruption, regulatory changes, inappropriate organisational structure, lack of government legislation, lack of motivation and encouragement, and slow decision-making make the greatest negative impact on projects in Karbala. There is no significant difference in any of the participant groups’ perceptions of these factors and their consequent negative impact on the work carried out. Following on from this, a conceptual framework for best practice project management for the sustainable regeneration of Holy Karbala Province in Iraq was proposed. It has adopted several strategies, based on the results from the research, which address the roots of problems identified including a lack of legislation, the limited capabilities of leaders, project teams and contractors, and organizational weaknesses.

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Boland, Soba M. G. "The Karbala paradigm in Iranian Shi'ite memory : questions on tradition, narrative, ritual, and performance." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1232645377.

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Johansson, Tobias. "520 mil från Karbala : En kvalitativ studie av ashuraritualen i Trollhättans shiamuslimska urdutalande församling." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Religionsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24681.

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Abstrakt Studiens övergripande syfte är att se hur den shiamuslimska ashuraritualen påverkas av migration där den förflyttas från en geografisk, kulturell och politisk kontext till en annan. Den utgår ifrån tre inledande frågeställningar: Hur genomförs ashuraritualen i Trollhättans shiamuslimska urdutalande församling? Vilka förändringar har ritualen genomgått sedan församlingen bildades enligt informanterna? Vilken påverkan har den omgivande kontexten på församlingens genomförande av ashuraritualen? Dessutom prövar studien hur ritualteorier av Vernon Schubel samt Carolina Humphrey och James Laidlaw kan användas för att skapa förståelse för dessa förändringar. Resultatet i studien baseras på två observationstillfällen av ashuraritualen i Trollhättans moské i Lextorp samt en gruppintervju med utövare och två enskilda intervjuer med moskéns lokala auktoriteter. Materialet från dessa har analyserats utifrån konstruerade analyskategorier baserade på forskningsöversikt och resultat. Den teoretiska ramen för studien utgörs av ritualteorier av Vernon Schubel respektive Carolina Humphrey och James Laidlaw. Studiens huvudsakliga slutsatser är att förändringarna i genomförandet av ashuraritualen är kopplade till de globala motsättningar som finns mellan shia- och sunnimuslimer snarare än den mer närliggande omgivande kontexten. Att förändringarna också beror på att den undersökta församlingen har ett ursprung i folkgruppen khojas från nordvästra Indien samt att församlingens sheikh som lokal auktoritet har ett avgörande inflytande över vad som räknas som godkända inslag i ritualen. Förutom dessa slutsatser visar också studien att Schubels samt Humphrey och Laidlaws ritualteorier kan bidra med förståelse när det gäller förändringar i ritualens genomförande även om detta inte är teoriernas primära syfte. Studien är relevant som ett ritualteoretiskt inläggs samt för att nyansera bilden av shiaislam som minoritetsreligion i Sverige i en tid där mellanmuslimska konflikter, genom immigration och globalisering, blivit aktuella.
Abstract The overall aim of this study is to see how the shia islamic ashuraritual is influenced by migration as it is moved from one geographical, cultural and political context to another. The study is based on two initial questions: how is the Ashuraritual conducted in the urduspeaking shiamuslim congregation of Trollhättan? What changes has been undertaken in the ritual since the founding of the congregation according to the informants? What influence does the surrounding context have on the congregation’s implementation of the ashuraritual? In addition, the study examines how the ritual theories of Vernon Schubel, Carolina Humphrey and James Laidlaw can be used to get a further understanding om these changes. The result of the study is based on two occasions of participant observations of the ashuraritual in Trollhättans Shia mosque in Lextorp together with one group interviews with practitioners and two individual interviews with local authorities of the mosque. The material from these has been analysed based on constructed categories derived from the research overview and the results. The theoretical framework of the study consists of the ritual theories of Vernon Schubel, Carolina Humphrey and James Laidlaw. The main conclusions of the study are that the changes in the way that the ashuraritual is carried through are related to the global antagonism between Shia and Sunni Muslims rather than the more immediate surrounding context. The changes can also be related to the congregation’s origin as Khojas from North West India together with the local sheikh’s authority over what are to be consider approved elements of the ritual. In addition to these conclusions the study also shows that Schubel´s, Humphey and Laidlaws ritual theories can contribute to the understanding of changes in ritual implementation, even if that is not the original purpose of the theories. The study is relevant from the perspective of ritual theory as well as to variegate the depiction of shiaislam as a minority religion in Sweden in a time when inter-muslim conflict through immigration and globalization has become relevant.

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Boland, Saba M. G. "The Karbala paradigm in Iranian Shi'ite memory : questions on tradition, narrative, ritual, and performance /." Connect to resource, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1232645377.

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Luz, Flávia Abud. "A apropriação dos conceitos de martírio (narrativa de karbala) e jihad pelo Hezbollah e a questão da violência como forma de resistência." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2018. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/3669.

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The martyrdom of Hussein and his companions at Karbala, Iraq, was a major turning point in Islamic history in order to draw the religious doctrine and Shiite identity, a fact that highlighted the differences (primarily political) between Sunni and Shiite. The narrative of the event, evoking the ideas of suffering, compassion, justice and even sacrifice for a greater good, throughout history overlaid as a political tone and became part of critical speeches on politics, social and economic aspects, directed at the “external enemies”, such as imperialism, or within, such as local leaders pressures. In the lebanese context the reading of Karbala‟s narrative and the martyrdom of Imam Hussein as made from 1960s by Musa Al-Sadr and later by Ayatollah Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah rescued the revolutionary and political potential of Karbala‟s narrative by presenting the Imam‟s martyrdom as an act of courage and religiosity that had as one of the objectives to defy a political order perceived as oppressive and deviant of Islamic values (such as justice). From the experience of process such as conflicts between Shiite communities in southern Lebanon and soldiers of Palestinian armed resistance, incursions by Israel‟s defense forces into the country (1978 and 1982) and the intensification of the Lebanese civil war (1975-1990), that a militant shiite discourse articulated in the interaction of the concepts of martyrdom, jihad and resistance was forged, sought space and adherents among shiites and manifested through Hezbollah, a self-declared resistance movement that took advantage of the use of violence against foreign targets (Israel‟s defense forces) and their internal allies in Lebanon, such Southern Lebanese Army. This research sought to investigate the link between the interpretation of Shiite doctrine, especially the founding aspects of the aforementioned division of Islam, such as martyrdom (mainly Karbala‟s narrative) and jihad, and Hezbollah‟s activities in Lebanese territory since its inception in 1978 until 2009, when the party participated in the governmental dialogue aimed of stabilizing Lebanon after the political crisis established in 2005, agreed to participate in the cabinet and published a new manifesto.
O martírio do Imam Hussein e seus companheiros em Karbala, Iraque, foi um importante ponto de inflexão na história islâmica no sentido de desenhar a doutrina religiosa e a identidade xiita, fato que evidenciou as diferenças (inicialmente políticas) entre sunitas e xiitas. A narrativa do acontecimento citado, que evoca as ideias de sofrimento, compaixão, justiça e até mesmo de sacrifício por um bem maior, ao longo da história revestiu-se de um tom político e passou a integrar discursos de crítica política, social e econômica, direcionada a “inimigos” externos, tais como o imperialismo, ou internos, tais como as pressões de líderes locais. No contexto libanês a leitura da narrativa de Karbala e do martírio do Imam Hussein feita a partir da década de 1960 por Musa Al-Sadr e posteriormente pelo Ayatollah Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah resgatou o potencial revolucionário e político da narrativa de Karbala ao apresentar o martírio do Imam como um ato de coragem e religiosidade que tinha como um dos objetivos desafiar uma ordem política percebida como opressora e desviante de valores islâmicos (como o de justiça). A partir da experiência de processos como os conflitos entre as comunidades xiitas do sul do Líbano e os soldados da resistência armada palestina, as incursões das forças de defesa de Israel no país (1978 e 1982) e a intensificação da guerra civil libanesa (1975-1990), que um discurso xiita militante articulado na interação dos conceitos de martírio, jihad e resistência foi forjado, buscou espaço e adeptos entre os xiitas e manifestou-se através do Hezbollah, um auto-declarado movimento de resistência que lançou mão do uso de violência contra alvos estrangeiros (forças de defesa de Israel) e seus aliados internos, como o Exército do Sul do Líbano. A pesquisa buscou investigar o vínculo entre a interpretação feita da doutrina xiita, sobretudo de aspectos fundantes da referida divisão do Islã, tais como o martírio (principalmente a narrativa de Karbala) e o jihad, e a atuação do Hezbollah no território libanês desde a sua fundação em 1978 até o ano de 2009, quando o partido participou do diálogo governamental que visava a estabilização do Líbano após a crise política instaurada desde 2005, aceitou participar do gabinete ministerial e publicou um novo manifesto.

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Hylén, Torsten. "Husayn, the mediator : a structural analysis of the Karbala drama according to Abu Jaʻfar Muhammad b. Jarir al-Tabari (d. 310/923) /." Uppsala : Uppsala Universitet, 2007. http://dalea.du.se/research/?itemId=2496.

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Hylen, Torsten. "Husayn, the Mediator a structural analysis of the Karbala drama according to Abu Jafar Muhammad b. Jarir al-Tabari (d. 310/923) /." Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7457.

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Hylén, Torsten. "Ḥusayn, the Mediator : A structural Analysis of the Karbalā´ Drama according to Abū Ja`far Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923)." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, History of Religions, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7457.

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The present study has a twofold purpose: Firstly, it is an analysis of the Karbalā´ Drama—i.e. the death of Ḥusayn b. `Alī in the hands of an army which had been sent out by the Umayyad authorities, at Karbalā´ in 60/680—as it is retold by the Muslim jurist and historiographer Abū Ja`far Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923). Despite its importance, especially to Shī`ite Islam, this text as such has received relatively little attention among scholars of Islam. In this study, the Karbalā´ Drama is regarded as a myth and the method used to analyze it is inspired by the structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss. Lévi-Straussian structuralism has probably never before been applied to early Arabic material to the extent that it is used here. The second purpose of the study, then, is to investigate to what extent and in what mode such a method is applicable to this material.

A portion of the text, called the “Text of Reference,” has been selected and thoroughly analyzed. In that analysis, a number of structural features such as codes, oppositions, mediations, and transformations have been identified and made the basis for a more cursory study of the rest of the story. An important structural feature that is detected in this way is the way the argument of the story is forwarded. By the transformation of metaphors into metonyms, the story attempts to make arbitrary relationships look natural and intrinsic. Such a relationship is that between water and blood—two liquids which are at times shed, at times withheld in the story. Husayn takes a mediating position in that he gives his water and his blood. He acts as mediator both in a negative sense (he establishes the basic Islamic opposition of good and evil), and in a positive sense (as religious guide he acts as a bridge between them).

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Karbalai, Nilufar Anna [Verfasser]. "Multizentrische, prospektive, offene Studie zur Verträglichkeit einer akzelerierten subkutanen Cluster- Immuntherapie / Nilufar Anna Karbalai." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024515184/34.

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Books on the topic "Karbala"

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Pinault, David. Horse of Karbala. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04765-6.

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Syed Mohd Rafiq Hussain Shah. Karbala kay baad. Pakistan: [s.n.], 1999.

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Zaida, Iftikhar H. Khak-e-karbala. Faisalabad: Maktaba Nuria Rizvia, 2005.

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Malik, Khalil. Kuwait se karbala tak. Lahore: Pakistan publishers, 1990.

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Hamdani, Aqil. Mukhtasar mujam turath Karbala. Bayrut: Dar al-Mahajjah al-Bayda lil-Tibaah wa-al-Nashr wa-al-Tawzi, 2021.

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K̲h̲uddamulqurʼān, Markazī Anjuman-i., ed. The tragedy of Karbala. Lahore: Markazi Anjuman Khuddam-ul-Qurʼan, 2003.

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Husain, Karrar. The message of Islam & Karbala. Karachi: Islamic Culture & Research Institute, 1991.

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Husain, Karrar. The message of Islam & Karbala. Karachi: Islamic Culture & Research Institute, 1991.

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9

Tehrani, Faisal. Sebuah Ta'ziyah Karbala: Drama pentas. Putra Jaya, WP [i.e. Wilayah Persekutuan]: Abeerdeen Books World, 2008.

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Litvak, Meir. Shiʻi scholars of nineteenth-century Iraq: The ʻulama" of Najaf and Karbala' Karbala'. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Karbala"

1

Halder, Epsita. "Afterword." In Reclaiming Karbala, 275–88. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-7.

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Halder, Epsita. "Literature, Modernity, Multilinguality." In Reclaiming Karbala, 213–74. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-6.

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Halder, Epsita. "The Recovery of the Past." In Reclaiming Karbala, 160–212. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-5.

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Halder, Epsita. "Introduction." In Reclaiming Karbala, 1–30. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-1.

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Halder, Epsita. "The Rhetoric of Loss and Recovery." In Reclaiming Karbala, 113–59. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-4.

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Halder, Epsita. "Mapping Karbala from Orality to Print." In Reclaiming Karbala, 31–75. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-2.

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Halder, Epsita. "Print and Husayn-Centric Piety." In Reclaiming Karbala, 76–112. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003259688-3.

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Qadeer, Haris. "Kurukshetra and Karbala." In Religion in South Asian Anglophone Literature, 33–46. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003158424-4.

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Pinault, David. "Initiation: Hyderabad, 1989." In Horse of Karbala, 1–10. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04765-6_1.

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Pinault, David. "Shia Encounters in the United States: Notes on Teaching the Shia Tradition in American Classrooms." In Horse of Karbala, 209–24. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04765-6_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Karbala"

1

Abdulwahid RIDHA, Waseem. "A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN KARBALA PROVINCE FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR 2019-2020." In III. International Research Congress ofContemporary Studiesin Social Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress3-1.

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Abstract:

The private primary schools have become an integral part of the educational system in the Karbala governorate, as their numbers have doubled in few years before and these schools do not serve a small percentage of the governorate's population. Therefore, the research has aimed to know the numbers of these schools and the nature of their geographical distribution according to the administrative units, as well as to demonstrate the efficiency of the educational services they provide. The research has covered three sections. The first section has been limited to the theoretical framework. The second section has included the geographical distribution of private primary schools in the Karbala governorate during the academic year 2019-2020 and depending on a set of spatial indicators in which all of (schools, students, academic divisions, and educational staff) were distributed according to the administrative units, and these indicators have showed a clear focus of private primary schools in Karbala district center, with 53 schools out of (70) schools. The third section of the present research is devoted for studying the efficiency of private primary schools in the Karbala governorate, based on the Iraqi planning criteria adopted in evaluating the efficiency of educational services. After the application of these planning criteria, it has been showed an average of about 261 students per primary private school, and as compared it with the local standard, which is as 360 students, we find that these schools are highly qualified according to this criterion. The research has got a set of conclusions and a set of proposals have been submitted in the hope that they will be taken up by the concerned authorities

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Theyab, Narjis Basil, Hamid Athab Eedan Al-Jameel, and Raid R. Almuhanna. "Evaluation of arterial streets in Karbala city." In THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (ICENIS) 2021: Topic of Energy, Environment, Epidemiology, and Information System. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140128.

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Al-Jawdhari, Mustafa Mhmood Jebur, and Feryal Akbal. "Modeling of Karbala WWTP using GPS-X." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY (ICRE2022). AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0181573.

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Majeed, Sumayah A., Fatin Abd el-kadhium M. Alnasrawi, and Muthanna M. A. Al-Shammari. "Water Balance Assessment of Unconfined Aquifer (Karbala-Iraq)." In 2019 4th Scientific International Conference Najaf (SICN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sicn47020.2019.9019353.

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Hussein, Ali Fadhlallah, Hussein Ali Ewadh, and Raid R. A. Almuhanna. "Simulation Study of Traffic Operation in Some Roundabouts in Karbala Government." In 2022 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence of Things (ICAIoT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaiot57170.2022.10121841.

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Al-Jaberi, Zaman Auda. "Internal courtyards in Arab Islamic houses - Karbala as a case study." In THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (ICENIS) 2021: Topic of Energy, Environment, Epidemiology, and Information System. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131174.

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Abdul-Rasul, Israa J., Sajidah F. Hasan, and Hameedah H. Abdul Wahid. "Incidence of some microorganisms responsible about females’ genital infection in Karbala, Iraq." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FRONTIER OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0113739.

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Khudhair, Hayder Salman, Hamid Athab Eedan Al-Jameel, and Igor Danilov. "Comparing urban street performance in and after Covid-19 in Karbala city." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ESIT 2022): ESIT2022 Conference Proceedings. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0190745.

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Kadhum, Rafef, Mufid Alhadithi, and Fareed M. Alattar. "Estimation of groundwater storage depletion using GRACE data in Karbala Region, Iraq." In 8TH ENGINEERING AND 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING – UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD: COEC8-2021 Proceedings. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131622.

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Ali, Ghayath, and Sawsan Mohammad. "Investigating optimal locations for potential asphaltic concrete plants in Karbala governorate using GIS." In THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (ICENIS) 2021: Topic of Energy, Environment, Epidemiology, and Information System. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131253.

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