Academic literature on the topic 'Kappa free light chains'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Kappa free light chains.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Kappa free light chains":
Schwenkenbecher, Philipp, Franz Konen, Ulrich Wurster, Konstantin Jendretzky, Stefan Gingele, Kurt-Wolfram Sühs, Refik Pul, Torsten Witte, Martin Stangel, and Thomas Skripuletz. "The Persisting Significance of Oligoclonal Bands in the Dawning Era of Kappa Free Light Chains for the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 3796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123796.
Dul, J. L., S. Aviel, J. Melnick, and Y. Argon. "Ig light chains are secreted predominantly as monomers." Journal of Immunology 157, no. 7 (October 1, 1996): 2969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.157.7.2969.
Ambrosino, D. M., M. V. Kanchana, N. R. Delaney, and R. W. Finberg. "Human B cells secrete predominantly lambda L chains in the absence of H chain expression." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 2 (January 15, 1991): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.2.599.
Richter, Alex G., Stephen Harding, Aarnoud Huissoon, Mark Drayson, and Guy Pratt. "Multiple Myeloma with Monoclonal Free IgG3 Heavy Chains and Free Kappa Light Chains." Acta Haematologica 123, no. 3 (2010): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000292899.
Arneth, Borros, and Jörg Kraus. "The Use of Kappa Free Light Chains to Diagnose Multiple Sclerosis." Medicina 58, no. 11 (October 24, 2022): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58111512.
Ramsden, DB. "Multiple sclerosis: assay of free immunoglobulin light chains." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 54, no. 1 (September 28, 2016): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563216652175.
Vinayek, Namita, Goetz H. Kloecker, and Beth C. Riley. "Multiple Myeloma with Secretory and Non-Secretory Biclonal Gammopathy." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 5092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.5092.5092.
Abbi, Kamal Kant Singh, Guido J. Tricot, Margarida Silverman, Kalyan Nadiminti, and Matthew Krasowski. "Potential Pitfalls of Serum Free Light Chain Analysis to Assess Treatment Response for Multiple Myeloma." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 5308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5308.5308.
Rudick, Richard A., Adam Pallant, Jean M. Bidlack, and Robert M. Herndon. "Free kappa light chains in multiple sclerosis spinal fluid." Annals of Neurology 20, no. 1 (July 1986): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.410200111.
Pratt, G., A. Richter, A. Huisoon, M. Drayson, and S. Harding. "A177 Multiple Myeloma with Monoclonal Free IgG3 Heavy Chains and Free Kappa Light Chains." Clinical Lymphoma and Myeloma 9 (February 2009): S30—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1557-9190(11)70494-2.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kappa free light chains":
Vecchio, Domizia. "Kappa free light chains as a biomarker in multiple sclerosis." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/128428.
Levraut, Michaël. "Évaluations des chaînes légères libres sériques et intrathécales comme biomarqueur diagnostique et pronostique dans la sclérose en plaques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ6055.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory and demyelinating disease worldwide, and is the main cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults. Multiple sclerosis prognosis improved during the past 20-years because of treatments development and efficacy and the successive revisions of MS diagnostic criteria that allow to diagnose MS sooner, thanks to their high sensitivity. Nonetheless, the gain in sensitivity in MS diagnostic criteria leads to a loss of specificity increasing the risk of misdiagnosis. We lack sensitive and specific biomarkers that could help clinicians to diagnose MS accurately. Given the pathological processes leading to CNS inflammation in MS, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performances of four cytokines implicated in different inflammatory mechanisms (IL-1β, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), IL-6, et IL-10) and kappa free light chains (kappa FLC). The performances of all these biomarkers were compared to those of oligoclonal bands (OCB).In Nice University Hospital MS tertiary center, we set up a monocentric prospective cohort (CyBIRD cohort, NCT05056740) that included all adult patients referred for a clinical or MRI suspicion of MS. Of the 176 included patients, both the kappa FLC index and the kappa FLC intrathecal fraction (IF) were able to differentiate MS and non-MS patients (AUC of 0.90 and 0.89 respectively). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-6 and sIL-2R concentrations favored non-MS inflammatory CNS disorders (AUC of 0.87 and 0.77 respectively). According to our optimal threshold, a positive kappa FLC index performed better than OB for MS diagnosis (AUC 0.82 vs 0.74).To confirm our results, we conducted, on behalf of the French MS Society, a multicenter retrospective study where 1,621 patients were included. Based on this cohort, the kappa FLC index (AUC 0.94) and the kappa FLC IF (0.94) had similar diagnostic performances (p=.123), higher than the CSF kappa FLC concentration ones (AUC 0.91, p<.0001). A positive kappa FLC index (threshold of 8.9) was more sensitive (88% vs 82%) and as specific as OB (89% vs 90%). We also found that the kappa FLC index value was not influenced by baseline MS clinical characteristics, by samples or analyzers differences, nor by steroid exposure at sampling reinforcing its interest as diagnostic biomarker.Finally, we evaluated whether the baseline value of the kappa FLC index was able to predict clinical relapses or new MRI lesions during follow-up, in patients presenting with clinically or radiologically isolated syndromes (CIS and RIS). Based on the retrospective study of 182 patients (146 CIS and 36 RIS), the kappa FLC index was able to predict new MRI lesions in CIS (AUC of 0.86 and 0.96 at 12 and 48 months respectively - Hazard ratio of 1.06 [1.04; 1.07], p<.0001), and in RIS (AUC of 0.84 and 0.64 at 12 and 24 months respectively - Hazard ratio of 1.08 [1.03; 1.13], p=.002), but also clinical relapse in CIS (AUC of 0.75 and 0.87 at 12 and 48 months respectively - Hazard ratio of 1.04 [1.01; 1.07], p=.007).Our results suggest that a kappa FLC CSF-restricted synthesis (kappa FLC index or IF) is sensitive and specific for MS diagnosis, and may predict clinical and MRI disease course in the earliest phases of the disease. Therefore we suggest adding kappa FLC biomarkers (whether it is kappa FLC index or IF) in the further revisions of MS diagnostic criteria
Basnayake, Kolitha Indika. "The biology of immunoglobulin free light chains in kidney disease : a study of Monoclonal and Polyclonal light chains." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2862/.
Housden, Nicholas George. "Characterisation of pre-equilibrium and equilibrium binding interactions between Peptostreptococcal protein L and human kappa light chains." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273801.
Rimsza, Lisa, William Day, Sarah McGinn, Anne Pedata, Yasodha Natkunam, Roger Warnke, James Cook, Teresa Marafioti, and Thomas Grogan. "Kappa and lambda light chain mRNA in situ hybridization compared to flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry in B cell lymphomas." BioMed Central, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610134.
while 9/79 (11.3%) cases were classified as indeterminate. Of the 70 cases with KAPPA or LAMBDA light chain restricted CISH, 69/70 (98.6%) were concordant with the reference method, while 1/70 (1.4%) was discordant.CONCLUSIONS:Optimized CISH detected lower levels of mRNA than can be visualized with current slide based methods, making clonality assessment in FFPE biopsies possible for mature B cell neoplasms. In this preliminary study, CISH was highly accurate compared to flow cytometry or IHC. CISH offers the possibility of wider applicability of light chain ISH and is likely to become a useful diagnostic tool.Virtual Slides: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1430491067123856
Germishuys, Jurie J. "Free light chains in patients with HIV: establishing local reference ranges and their association with stage of disease, chronic antigen stimulation and the effect of Haart." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20173.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Serum free light chains (FLC) are associated with imbalances in heavy and light chain production. Abnormal FLC ratios have been associated with risk of progression in certain diseases. Automated assays are available for their determination and they are used in the followup and management of patients with monoclonal gammopathies. Acceptable imprecision, specificity, accuracy and reproducibility between reagent batches is required to prevent under- or overestimation. Method validation is a standard process in every good laboratory to judge the acceptability of a new method. Reference intervals have been established in an older population, but it was considered important to verify these in our population. HIV is associated with B-cell dysfunction. As B-cell abnormalities are associated with disorders leading to monoclonal gammopathies, we postulated that the FLC levels and FLC ratio would be abnormal in HIV infected individuals. Methods and materials: Controls and pooled patient samples were used for the method validation study which included imprecision studies, linearity, recovery and interference studies, and method comparison studies, the latter compared our method to the same method used in another laboratory. For the reference interval study, blood was obtained from 120 healthy subjects. The following blood tests were performed: total protein, IgG, IgA, IgM, creatinine, protein electrophoresis, kappa FLC and lambda FLC. Using the kappa and lambda FLC results, a FLC ratio was determined. Three hundred and sixty-nine HIV positive subjects were then studied. The same tests were performed, as well as CD4+ counts and viral loads on the majority of them. Results: For the method validation study, precision, linearity and recovery was acceptable. Minimal interference was observed with haemolysis, lipaemia, bilirubin and rheumatoid factor. Our method showed comparable performance with the established method. For the reference interval study, all the creatinine values were normal, as were serum protein values. The serum protein electrophoreses were independently reviewed by 3 pathologists. Most were normal, with a few polyclonal increases seen, but no definite monoclonal bands. The 95% reference intervals for FLC’s as well as the FLC ratio were not statistically significantly different to the manufacturer’s recommendations. When examining the HIV positive study population, we found that FLC and FLC ratio were influenced by markers of HIV disease severity, such as CD4+ count, IgG, viral load, use of antiretroviral treatment and abnormal serum protein electrophoreses. Conclusion: The validation study of FLC showed excellent precision, acceptable bias, good linearity, good recovery and minimal interference, allowing routine introduction of the test. The 95% reference intervals obtained for our population were slightly higher than those recommended by the manufacturer. However, as most of the values fell within the manufacturer’s limits, we could accept the manufacturer’s recommended cut-offs. We found that FLC levels were definitely influenced by markers of HIV disease severity in our population and we postulate that they may be of use for follow-up of patients with HIV.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Serum vry ligte kettings (VLK) word geassosieer met ‘n wanbalans van ligte en swaar ketting produksie. Abnormale VLK ratios is geassosieer met ‘n risiko van verloop in sekere siektes. Geoutomatiseerde laboratorium toetse vir VLK is beskikbaar vir hul bepaling en word gebruik om pasiënte met monoklonale gammopatieë op te volg en te behandel. Aanvaarbare impresisie, spesifisiteit, akkuraatheid en herhaalbaarheid tussen reagens besendings is belangrik om onder- of oorbepaling te verhoed. Metode validasie is ’n standaard proses in elke goeie laboratorium om die aanvaarbaarheid van ’n nuwe metode te bepaal. Verwysingswaardes is al bepaal in ’n ouer populasie. Ons het besluit om die verwysingswaardes in ons populasie te bepaal. Mens-immuungebrekvirus (MIV) word geassosieer met B-sel disfunksie. Omdat B-sel abnormaliteite geassosieer word met afwykings wat tot monoklonale gammopatieë lei, het ons gepostuleer dat die VLK vlakke en VLK ratio abnormaal sal wees in MIV geïnfekteerde persone. Metodes en Materiale: Kontroles en pasiënt monsters is gebruik vir die metode validasie studie wat impresisie studies, lineariteit, herwinning, inmenging en metode korrelasie studies ingesluit het. In laasgenoemde geval is ons metode met dieselfde metode van ’n ander laboratorium vergelyk. Vir die verwysingswaardes studie is 120 gesonde persone se bloed gebruik. Die volgende toetse is bepaal: totale proteïen, IgG, IgA, IgM, kreatinien, proteïen elektroferese, kappa en lambda VLK. Die VLK ratio is bepaal deur die kappa en lambda resultate te gebruik. Driehonderd nege en sestig MIV-positiewe pasiente is gebruik vir die studie. Dieselfde toetse was gedoen, asook CD4+ tellings en virale ladings op die meerderheid van pasiente. Resultate: Vir die metode validasie studie, was presisie, lineariteit en herwinning aanvaarbaar. Minimale inmenging van hemolise, lipemie, bilirubien en rumatoïede factor is waargeneem. Ons metode het goed gekorreleer met die bepaalde metode. Die serum kreatinien en serum totale proteïen waardes was normaal tydens die verwysingswaardes studie. Die serum proteïen elektroferese was onafhanklik beoordeel deur 3 patoloë. Die meeste was normaal met enkele poliklonale verhogings, maar geen definitiewe monoklonale bande nie. Die 95% verwysings intervalle vir VLK en VLK ratio het nie statisties betekenisvol verskil van die vervaardiger se aanbevelings nie. In die studie van die MIV-positiewe studie populasie, het ons gevind dat VLK en VLK ratio beïnvloed word deur merkers van ernstige MIV siekte, soos CD4+ telling, IgG, virale lading, die gebruik van antiretrovale medikasie en abnormale serum proteïen elektroferese. Gevolgtrekking: Die validasie studie van VLK het uitstekende presisie, aanvaarbare partydigheid, goeie lineariteit, goeie herwinning en minimale inmenging gewys, wat die roetine instelling van die toets toegelaat het. Die 95% verwysingsintervalle wat vir ons populasie bepaal is, was effens hoër as die vervaardiger se aanbeveling. Die meeste van die waardes het egter binne die vervaardiger se limiete geval, dus kon ons die vervaardiger se afsnypunte aanvaar. Ons het gevind dat VLK vlakke definitief beïnvloed word deur merkers van die ernstigheidsgraad van MIV siekte in ons populasie en ons postuleer dat VLK van waarde kan wees met die opvolg van MIV pasiente.
NHLS
Harry Crossley for funding obtained
Frölich, Britta. "Bedeutung freier Leichtketten im Urin bei Patienten mit chronisch entzündlicher rheumatischer Erkrankung." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E429-9.
Books on the topic "Kappa free light chains":
Bradwell, A. R. Serum free light chain analysis: (plus Hevylite). 5th ed. Birmingham: Binding Site Ltd., 2008.
Kuypers, Dirk R. J., and Morie A. Gertz. Light-chain deposition disease. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0154_update_001.
Anderson, Michael Thomas. Studies of the regulation of the immunoglobulin kappa light chain intron enhancer. 1990.
A.R., MB ChB, FRCP, FRCPath Bradwell. Serum free light chain analysis. The Binding Site, 2006.
Eastmead, Stephen P. Enzyme immunoassay of human free immunoglobin light chains. 1985.
Chou, Calvin L. Molecular analysis of the myeloma W3129 and derived mutants: Insertion of a novel sequence and subsequent partial deletion affect immunoglobulin kappa light chain expression. 1992.
Gallaher, Katie, and José de la Cruz. Butterflies Set Free: Breaking the Chains of 21st-Century Slavery by Bringing It into the Light. Independently Published, 2022.
Kastritis, Efstathios, and Meletios A. Dimopoulos. The patient with myeloma. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0153_update_001.
Book chapters on the topic "Kappa free light chains":
Cohen, Gerald, and Walter H. Hörl. "Free Immunoglobulin Light Chains." In Uremic Toxins, 279–91. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118424032.ch18.
Fouquet, Guillemette, Stéphanie Poulain, Suzanna Schraen, Efstathios Koulieris, Elisabeth Bertrand, Stéphanie Guidez, Cécile Tomowiak, et al. "Laboratory Investigations and Findings: Hematological Abnormalities, Biochemical Investigations, Free Light and Heavy Chains." In Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia, 239–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22584-5_17.
Sindic, C. J. M. "The detection of IgA, IgM and free light chains abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid." In Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Multiple Sclerosis, 41–50. Milano: Springer Milan, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2205-8_4.
Mayo, Mary M., and Gretchen Schaef Johns. "Serum Free Light Chains in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Patients with Plasma Cell Dyscrasias." In Contributions to Nephrology, 44–65. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000096760.
Paternoster, Gianluca, Paolo Fabbrini, and Imma Attolico. "Extracorporeal Removal of Serum-Free Light Chains in Patients with Multiple Myeloma-Associated Acute Kidney Injury." In Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury, 143–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33429-5_17.
Toft, K. G., O. K. Olstad, K. Sletten, and P. Westermark. "Comparative Studies of Two AL Chains of Kappa-III Light Chain Origin with and without Attached Carbohydrate (AL So124 and AL 700)." In Amyloid and Amyloidosis 1990, 169–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3284-8_42.
Rudick, Richard A. "Free Light Chains of Immunoglobulins in Multiple Sclerosis: A Putative Index of the Intrathecal Humoral Immune Response." In Cellular and Humoral Immunological Components of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Multiple Sclerosis, 187–200. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5348-3_23.
Hegen, Harald, and Florian Deisenhammer. "Oligoclonal Bands: Isoelectric Focusing and Immunoblotting, and Determination of κ Free Light Chains in the Cerebrospinal Fluid." In Neuromethods, 29–54. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1319-1_3.
Willrich, Maria Alice V., and Ruba S. Saadeh. "New-Onset Gait Difficulty With Kappa Free Light Chains in Cerebrospinal Fluid." In Mayo Clinic Cases in Neuroimmunology, edited by Andrew McKeon, B. Mark Keegan, and W. Oliver Tobin, 42–43. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197583425.003.0013.
van Steijn, J., J. Bijzet, H. de Wit, B. P. C. Hazenberg, I. I. van Gameren, K. van de Belt, and E. Vellenga. "Serum Levels of Free Kappa and Lambda Light Chains in Patients with Systemic AL, AA, and ATTR Amyloidosis." In Amyloid and Amyloidosis, 105–6. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420037494-37.
Conference papers on the topic "Kappa free light chains":
Tent, Michiel. "Cerebrospinal fluid kappa-free light chains for MS diagnosis." In ECTRIMS Congress 2022, edited by Hans-Peter Hartung. Baarn, the Netherlands: Medicom Medical Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55788/5ddc21fc.
Senne, Carlos, Carlos Giaffer, Marcio Vega, Daiane Salomão, and Renan Domingues. "Kappa index and oligoclonal bands detection in cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with suspected multiple sclerosis." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.741.
Rodriguez Cambron, A. B., J. Jimenez Jimenez, M. A. Blazquez Cañamero, M. J. García De Yébenes, F. Rey Pazos, C. Macía Villa, F. M. Alcalde Villar, et al. "FRI0344 Serum free light chains as a flare biomarker in systemic lupus erythematosus." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.5374.
Belghali, S., S. Lataoui, S. Ferchichi, K. Baccouche, N. Elamri, K. Limam, H. Zeglaoui, and E. Bouajina. "FRI0165 Serum free light chains of immunoglobulins in rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with interstitial lung disease." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.6364.
Amin, S., E. J. Atkinson, S. J. Achenbach, A. Dispenzieri, R. A. Kyle, and S. V. Rajkumar. "THU0470 Non-clonal elevation of serum immunoglobulin free light chains is predictive of hip fracture in both women and men." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.6041.
Kos, M., K. Geibler, K. Ratheiser, I. Pabinger, Ch Korninger, and K. Lechner. "ACQUIRED FACTOR X DEFICIENCY IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA:A COMPLETE RESPONSE TO CHEMOTHERAPY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643292.
Hu, Wei, Ola Landgren, Bryan Bassig, Mark Purdue, Eric Engels, Qing Lan, and Nathaniel Rothman. "Abstract 5074: Elevated serum free light chains and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and the subtype follicular lymphoma in a prospective cohort study." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-5074.
Ishiguro, H., S. Higashiyama, C. Namikawa, I. Ohkubo, and M. Sasaki. "MAPPING OF FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS OF HUMAN HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT (HMW) AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT (LMW) KININOGENS BY USING MURINE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (MAbs)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642849.
Hatami-Marbini, Hamed, and Ebitimi Etebu. "Influence of Ionic Concentration on Swelling Behavior and Shear Properties of the Bovine Cornea." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80896.