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Horn, Thorsten. "Telomere length of kakapo and other New Zealand birds : assessment of methods and applications." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3329.

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The age structure of populations is an important and often unresolved factor in ecology and wildlife management. Parameters like onset of reproduction and senescence, reproductive success and survival rate are tightly correlated with age. Unfortunately, age information of wild animals is not easy to obtain, especially for birds, where few anatomical markers of age exist. Longitudinal age data from birds banded as chicks are rare, particularly in long lived species. Age estimation in such species would be extremely useful as their long life span typically indicates slow population growth and potentially the need for protection and conservation. Telomere length change has been suggested as a universal marker for ageing vertebrates and potentially other animals. This method, termed molecular ageing, is based on a shortening of telomeres with each cell division. In birds, the telomere length of erythrocytes has been reported to decline with age, as the founder cells (haematopoietic stem cells) divide to renew circulating red blood cells. I measured telomere length in kakapo, the world largest parrot and four other bird species (Buller’s albatross, kea, New Zealand robin and saddleback) using telomere restriction fragment analysis (TRF) to assess the potential for molecular ageing in these species. After providing an overview of methods to measure telomere length, I describe how one of them (TRF) measures telomere length by quantifying the size distribution of terminal restriction fragments using southern blot of in-gel hybridization (Chapter 2). Although TRF is currently the ‘gold standard’ to measure telomere length, it suffers from various technical problems that can compromise precision and accuracy of telomere length estimation. In addition, there are many variations of the protocol, complicating comparisons between publications. I focused on TRF analysis using a non-radioactive probe, because it does not require special precautions associated with handling and disposing of radioactive material and therefore is more suitable for ecology laboratories that typically do not have a strong molecular biology infrastructure. However, most of my findings can be applied to both, radioactive and nonradioactive TRF variants. I tested how sample storage, choice of restriction enzyme, gel Abstract II electrophoresis and choice of hybridization buffer can influence the results. Finally, I show how image analysis (e.g. background correction, gel calibration, formula to calculate telomere length and the analysis window) can not only change the magnitude of estimated telomere length, but also their correlation to each other. Based on these findings, I present and discuss an extensive list of methodological difficulties associated with TRF and present a protocol to obtain reliable and reproducible results. Using this optimized protocol, I then measured telomere length of 68 kakapo (Chapter 3). Almost half of the current kakapo population consists of birds that were captured as adults, hence only their minimum age is known (i.e. time from when they were found +5 years to reach adulthood). Although molecular ageing might not be able to predict chronological age accurately, as calibrated with minimum age of some birds, it should be able to compare relative age between birds. Recently, the oldest kakapo (Richard Henry) was found to show signs of reproductive senescence. The age (or telomere length) difference to Richard Henry could have been used to approximate the remaining reproductive time span for other birds. Unfortunately, there was no change of telomere length with age in cross sectional and longitudinal samples. Analysis of fitness data available for kakapo yielded correlations between telomere length and fledging success, but they were weak and disappeared when the most influential bird was excluded from analysis. The heavy management and small numbers of kakapo make conclusions about fitness and telomere length difficult and highly speculative. However, telomere length of mothers and their chicks were significantly correlated, a phenomena not previously observed in any bird. To test if the lack of telomere loss with age is specific to kakapo, I measured telomere length of one of its closest relatives: the kea (Chapter 4). Like kakapo, telomere length did not show any correlation with age. I then further assessed the usefulness of molecular ageing in birds using only chicks and very old birds to estimate the maximum TL range in an additional long lived (Buller’s albatross) and two shorter lived species (NZ robin and saddleback). In these Abstract III species, telomere length was on average higher in chicks than in adults. However, age matched individuals showed high variations in telomere length, such that age dependent and independent telomere length could not be distinguished. These data and published results from other bird species, coupled with the limitations of methodology I have identified (Chapter 2), indicate that molecular ageing does not work in most (if not all) birds in its current suggested form. Another way to measure telomere length is telomere Q-PCR, a real-time PCR based method. Measurement of the same kakapo samples with TRF and Q-PCR did not result in comparable results (Chapter 4). Through experimentation I found that differences in amplification efficiency between samples lead to unreliable estimation of telomere length using telomere Q-PCR. These differences were caused by inhibitors present in the samples. The problem of differential amplification efficiency in Q-PCR, while known, is largely ignored by the scientific community. Although some methods have been suggested to correct for differing efficiency, most of these introduce more error than they eliminate. I developed and applied an assay based on internal standard oligonucleotides that was able to corrected EDTA induced quantification errors of up to 70% with high precision and accuracy (Chapter 5). The method, however, failed when tested with other inhibitors commonly found in DNA samples extracted from blood (i.e. SDS, heparin, urea and FeCl3). PCR inhibition was highly selective in the probe-polymerase system I used, inhibiting amplification of genomic DNA, but not amplification of internal oligonucleotide or plasmid standards in the same reaction. Internal standards are a key feature of most diagnostic PCR assays to identify false negatives arising from amplification inhibition. The differential response to inhibition I identified greatly compromises the accuracy of these assays. Consequently, I strongly recommend that researchers using PCR assays with internal standards should verify that the target DNA and internal standard actually respond similarly to common inhibitors.

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Whitehead, Joanna K. "Breeding success of adult female kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) on Codfish Island (Whenua Hou) : correlations with foraging home ranges and habitat selection." Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/640.

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Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) are a flightless, nocturnal parrot endemic to New Zealand. Thought to be extinct within their natural range, kakapo are currently listed as nationally critical. The current population of 86 individuals is managed by the Department of Conservation’s National Kakapo Team on two offshore islands in southern New Zealand, with all females of breeding age on Codfish Island (Whenua Hou). Kakapo only breed once every two to five years, coinciding with the mast fruiting of specific plant species. On Codfish Island, the proportion of adult female kakapo that breed in rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum) fruiting years is dependent on the quantity of fruit produced, with fewer females attempting to breed during low mast years. The purpose of this research is to investigate why only some adult female kakapo breed in low rimu fruiting years on Codfish Island, specifically assessing if foraging home range size and/or habitat selection influence breeding. A total of 506 location points were collected at night for 18 adult female kakapo between March and May 2006. These were used to estimate foraging home ranges and to assess if kakapo select for particular types of vegetation. Ecological Niche Factor Analysis was used to determine the relative importance of habitat variables in the distribution of female kakapo and to predict areas of suitable breeding habitat when rimu fruit is limited. The breeding success of individuals in 2005, a low rimu mast year, was used to identify if differences in home ranges or habitat selection occurred between breeding and non-breeding females. The large variation in foraging home range sizes recorded in this research was consistent with previous studies. Foraging home range sizes were on average twice the size for breeders than for non-breeders, suggesting that adult female kakapo may be limited in their ability to breed by the size of the area they occupy. Adult female kakapo did not randomly use vegetation on Codfish Island as some vegetation types were not used, while others were common inside foraging home ranges. Adult female kakapo utilise a broad niche and are capable of surviving in a wide range of habitats. However, breeding females were more specialised in their niche requirements than non-breeders, with breeders utilising areas with higher abundances of mature rimu trees. Females occurred in high elevation, flat areas of the island but this may have been because this is where appropriate vegetation types occurred. During low rimu mast years, breeding adult females were predicted to occupy habitat in high elevation, plateau areas with a high abundance of rimu. Areas identified as sub-optimal habitat for breeding included the coastal areas, the lower elevation area of the main valley and some ridgelines. The home ranges of all 10 breeding females contained some optimal habitat, while females who did not breed were more likely to be located in sub-optimal habitat. Although there were significant areas of optimal breeding habitat not occupied by adult female kakapo, other kakapo may have been present in these areas. To increase the proportion of females that breed in low rimu mast years, it may be necessary to remove sub-adult females or surplus adult males living in optimal breeding habitat from the island. Alternatively, females in sub-optimal breeding habitat could be fed supplementary foods or transferred to other islands where there is unoccupied suitable breeding habitat available.

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Joyce, Leigh, and n/a. "Movement patterns, home range and habitat selection by Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus, Gray 1845) following translocation to Pearl Island, southern New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Botany, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090409.135626.

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Understanding the relationship between organisms and their environment is particularly important for the conservation and management of endangered species. The kakapo (Strigops habroptilus, Gray 1845) is a critically endangered, lek breeding, flightless nocturnal parrot endemic to New Zealand. In April 1998, a total population of fifty-six kakapo was known to survive on offshore islands. Twenty-six kakapo, thirteen males and thirteen females, were temporarily transferred to Pearl Island (518 ha), southern Stewart Island, from April 1998 to April 1999. The translocation of kakapo to Pearl Island, and subsequent breeding season, provided an ideal experimental framework to study kakapo dispersal, movement patterns, home range development, habitat selection, and lek development during the non-breeding and breeding seasons. A total of 4425 radio locations were analysed for all twenty-six birds, with a mean error polygon of 0.03 ha and an estimated average radio telemetry error of 21.6 m. Various home range analysis techniques were used to estimate kakapo home range size and overlap including: minimum convex polygons (MCP), modified minimum convex polygons (MMCP), harmonic mean analysis, adaptive kernel methods and cluster analysis. Estimates of kakapo home range size differed significantly depending on the method used (ANOVA, general linear model: F₁₃, ₁₀₇₆ = 63.99, p < 0.0001) and the season (F₂, ₁₀₇₆ = 160.75, p < 0.0001). Breeding home range size was significantly larger than non-breeding range size (mean difference = 67.6 ha, t₂₅ = 15.27, p < 0.0001). Calculations from 100% MCP and 95% harmonic mean analysis resulted in larger estimates of home range size and overlap compared to other methods. Cluster and kernel analyses appeared to give the most accurate home range representation for kakapo. Core home range areas showed a greater degree of similarity between methods. Male and female mean annual home range size did not differ significantly, whereas males had significantly (p < 0.05) larger home ranges than females during the nonbreeding season. Minimum convex polygons and harmonic mean analysis suggested that there was no significant difference in the way in which males and females interacted with each other. Kernel and cluster analyses indicated that females would overlap a greater proportion of another bird�s home range than males would. Cluster analysis also indicated that a female would have more of her home range occupied by another bird than a male would. The fact that different methods produced different quantitative results is an important consideration when using home range analysis to make conservation management decisions. Researchers must determine which method is the most appropriate for a particular research objective, species, or study area. The application of geographical information systems, ERDAS image classification techniques and global positioning systems was an integral part of this study. A large-scale vegetation classification map of Pearl Island was produced in order to quantify habitat selection by kakapo. The unsupervised classification technique produced the least accurate vegetation map, with an accuracy measure of 17-23%, compared to 52% for the supervised classification. The highest accuracy was obtained using an integrated approach involving inductive classification and deductive mapping, resulting in a vegetation classification map which correctly classified 95% of vegetation samples. Thirty-seven ecotone classes were identified and a total ecotone length of approximately 124 km was detected. Resource selection ratios and resource selection functions were estimated using a combination of discrete, continuous and area-based habitat variables. Circular buffers around used and available point locations were generated to determine whether kakapo selectively use vegetation mosaics. The probability of selection increased with increasing species diversity in each 75-metre radius buffer. Kakapo selected habitat mosaics and vegetation types with higher species diversity and moderate to high abundance of mature rimu and yellow silver pine trees.

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Cowan, H. A. "An evaluation of the late Quaternary displacements and seismic hazard associated with the Hope and Kakapo faults, Amuri district, North Canterbury." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10099.

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The Amuri Earthquake of September 1, 1888 (magnitude M = 6.5 to 6.8) occurred on the Hope River Segment of the Hope Fault west of Hanmer Plains. The earthquake was felt strongly in North Canterbury and North Westland and caused considerable property damage and landsliding in the Lower Hope Valley. However, damage reports and the spatial distribution of felt intensities emphasize extreme variations in seismic effects over short distances, probably due to topographic focusing and local ground conditions. Significant variations in lateral fault displacement occurred at secondary fault segment boundaries (side-steps and bends in the fault trace) during the 1888 earthquake. This historical spatial variation in lateral slip is matched by the Late Quaternary geomorphic distribution of slip on the Hope River Segment of the Hope Fault. Trenching studies at two sites on the Hope Fault have also identified evidence for five pre-historic earthquakes of similar magnitude to the 1888 earthquake and an average recurrence interval of 134 ± 27 years between events. Magnitude estimates for the 1888 earthquake are combined with a. strong ground motion attenuation expression to provide an estimate of potential ground accelerations in Amuri District during-future earthquakes on the Hope River Segment of the Hope Fault. The predicted acceleration response on bedrock sites within 20 km of the epicentral region is between 0.23 g and 0.34 g. The close match between the historic, inferred pre-historic and geomorphic distribution of lateral slip indicates that secondary fault segmentation exerts a strong structural control on rupture propagation and the expression of fault displacement at the surface. In basement rocks at depth the spatial variations in slip are inferred to be distributed within zones of pervasive cataclastic shear, on either side of the fault segment boundaries. The large variations in surface displacement across fault segment boundaries means that one must know the geometry of the fault in order to evaluate slip-rates calculated from individual locations. The average Late Quaternary slip-rate on the Hope Fault at Glynn Wye Station is between 15.5 mm/yr and 18.25 mm/yr and the rate on the subsidiary Kakapo Fault is between 5.0 mm/yr and 7.5 mm/yr. These rates have been determined from sites which are relatively free of structural complication.

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Wistman, Jonna. "Effekter av kakao på blodtrycket." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35787.

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Resultat från epidemiologiska studier har antytt att flavonolrik kakao sänker blodtrycket. Detta sker troligen genom att flavonoider i kakao leder till aktivering av eNOS som sedan katalyserar NO-syntesen i kärlendotel vilket leder till vasodilation och sänkt blodtryck. En nyare studie har funnit att kakao dessutom inhiberar enzymet ACE. Mycket tyder även på att NO-koncentrationen är kopplad till ACE-aktiviteten då dessa faktorer visat sig följa varandra inverst vid varierande doser. Det finns också ett samband mellan ACE-genotyp och serumnivåer av ACE. Någon dosberoende effekt av kakao på blodtrycket har inte påvisats, men ihållande dosering med kakao över en längre period visar på en progressiv sänkning av blodtrycket. Inga biverkningar har rapporterats, men fett och socker i kakao kan leda till diabetes och hjärt-kärlsjukdomar. Syftet med blodtrycksbehandling är prevention av nyss nämnda sjukdomar och adekvat blodtryckssänkning krävs därmed för att en behandling ska kunna övervägas. Än så länge ses endast en signifikant men inte en tillräcklig blodtryckssänkande effekt av kakao. Dessutom saknas studier som visar att kakao förebygger kardiovaskulära händelser, exempelvis hjärtinfarkter. Vidare studier krävs innan kakao kan rekommenderas som behandling.

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Raters, Marion. "Mykotoxine in Kakao und Kakaoprodukten." Aachen Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991379195/04.

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Vydrina, Alexandra. "A corpus‐based description of Kakabe, a Western Mande language : prosody in grammar." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF015/document.

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Cette thèse fournit une description du kakabé, une langue mandée parlée en Guinée, basée sur un corpus et avec un focus sur le système phonologique. Elle contient une brève esquisse grammaticale et deux parties qui portent sur l'analyse phonologique : la phonologie segmentale et la phonologie suprasegmentale. Les processus concernant les segments phonologiques peuvent être conditionnés par des contraintes métriques, par l'interdiction du hiatus, par le découpage de l’énoncé en phrases prosodiques et par le contexte morphologique. Le kakabé applique diverses stratégies d'adaptation des emprunts (principalement, du poular et du français), telles que l'épenthèse vocalique, la simplification d’agglomérations consonantiques. Le kakabé est une langue à ton (H vs. L), avec downdrift, relèvement du ton H, un ton flottant L, et un certain nombre de processus tonals, tels que l'insertion du ton H, la propagation du ton,l'aplatissement du contour HLH. En conséquence, la distance entre les tons lexicaux sous‐jacents et leur réalisation de surface peut être assez importante. Chacun des processus tonals est appliqué dans une unité prosodique particulière.Par conséquent, les processus tonals participent au découpage du discours en unités prosodiques. Le kakabé comporte des tons de frontière qui servent à signaler la force illocutoire de l'énoncé. Les tons lexicaux et les tons de frontièrecoexistent avec des opérations intonatives sur la courbe F0. Les appendices comprennent un dictionnaire kakabé-français, composé de 3400 entrées, et le corpus de 12 heures de textes en kakabé, transcrits, glosés, traduits etaccompagnés des fichiers vidéos et audios
This thesis provides a corpus‐based description of Kakabe, a Mande language spoken in Guinea, with a focus on phonology. It consists of a short grammatical sketch and two parts dedicated to the analysis of the segmental and the suprasegmental phonology. Segmental phonological processes can be conditioned by metrical constraints, the ban on hiatus, prosodic phrasing and morphological context. Vowel deletion and vowel assimilation which serve to resolve hiatus, apply clause‐internally, as well as across clause boundaries. I also describe various strategies of loanword adaptation used in Kakabe, such as vowel epenthesis and consonant cluster simplification. Kakabe is a terraced‐level tone language (H vs. L), featuring downdrift, downstep, H raising, floating L, and a number of tonal processes, such as OCP style H‐insertion between two L domains, tone spread and leveling of HLH contour. As a result, the distance between the underlying lexical tones and their surface realization can be rather important. Each tonal process is applied within one particular prosodic unit. Therefore, tonal processes participate in phrasing the speech into prosodic units.Kakabe uses a number of boundary tones to signal illocutionary force of the utterance. Lexical tones and boundary tones coexists with intonational operations on the F0 curve. Intonational tone raising is associated with the H% and HL%boundary tones. Apart from that, it affects polarity items, the universal quantifier, and other pragmatically prominent lexemes, such as ideophones and intensifiers. The appendices include a Kakabe‐French dictionary, comprising 3400 entries, and an oral corpus of 12 hours of various genres, transcribed, glossed and time‐aligned with audio and video

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Raters, Marion [Verfasser]. "Mykotoxine in Kakao und Kakaoprodukten / Marion Raters." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/116130794X/34.

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Magnusson, Lena. "Kan flavanoider i kakao påverka det kardiovaskulära systemet?" Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-393.

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Kakaobönan har använts av människan i tusentals år. Framför allt användes kakaon som dryck men under det senaste århundradet även till choklad. De senaste tio åren har det framkommit att kakaon är rik på flavonoider och då främst flavanolerna epikatekin och katekin. Det är främst epikatekinerna som bidrar till olika kardiovaskulära effekter, som påverkan på blodtrycket, förändringar i HDL- och LDL-balansen och plackbildning i kärlen beroende på LDL-oxidation. Jag har gjort en litteraturstudie där dessa teorier undersöks. För att undersöka detta har sex stycken artiklar använts. Dessa bygger på olika studier som har gjorts av kakaons effekter på blodtrycket. Studierna varierar i längd, från två dagar upp till 18 veckor. Fem av studierna använder sig av deltagare som inte genomgår någon behandling för någon kardiovaskulär sjukdom. I den sjätte studien har samtliga deltagare en kranskärlssjukdom som de behandlas för. Den enda effekt som framkommer är en marginell sänkning av blodtrycket över tid. Däremot framkommer det ingen skillnad för de personer som har en kardiovaskulär sjukdom. Detta kan tyda på att flavanolerna har en förebyggande effekt snarare än en läkande effekt. Studierna kunde heller inte påvisa någon större förändring i kolesterolbalansen eller LDL-oxidationen. Eftersom epikatekin är en instabil molekyl som försvinner vid vissa tillverkningsprocesser är det svårt att veta vilken mängd epikatekin det finns i kommersiell kakao. Det är även andra faktorer som påverkar koncentrationen epikatekin i kakaon, såsom växtförhållande, genuppsättning och skördetid.

2008:F18

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Hegmann, Elsa [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Lieberei. "Qualitätsbedingende Eigenschaften neuer Kakao-Genotypen und deren Verhalten im Nachernteverfahren : eine Analyse neuer Kakao-Selektionen aus Costa Rica / Elsa Hegmann. Betreuer: Reinhard Lieberei." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107691537X/34.

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Vertelis, Arūnas. "Šlaunikaulio kaklo lūžių gydymo rezultatus įtakojantys veiksniai." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20091214_084028-93983.

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Pacientų, patyrusių šlaunikaulio kaklo lūžius, gydymas – aktuali senstančios visuomenės problema, todėl literatūroje gausu publikacijų, analizuojančių įvairius šios patologijos gydymo aspektus. Analizuojant literatūros duomenis pastebima, kad nėra išskiriamas laikas nuo traumos iki patekimo į ligoninę, o laikas pradedamas skaičiuoti tik nuo tada, kada pacientas jau paguldytas į ligoninę. Šis veiksnys gali turėti reikšmingos įtakos galutiniams gydymo rezultatams, nes laikotarpio nuo traumos iki patekimo į ligoninę trukmė gali labai svyruoti tarp įvairių pacientų grupių. Todėl buvo tikslinga atlikti tyrimą, kuriame būtų įvertintas būtent šis laikotarpis ir nustatyta jo reikšmė pacientų mirštamumui ir funkciniams gydymo rezultatams. Savo darbe tyrėme veiksnius, įtakojančius šlaunikaulio kaklo lūžius patyrusių pacientų mirštamumą ir funkcinius gydymo rezultatus.
Treatment of patients with femoral neck fractures is an important issue in an ageing population; therefore, in the scientific literature, there are a lot of publications analysing various aspects of management of this pathology. However, while analysing the literature data, it was noted that the time from trauma to hospital admission is not taken into account, and the time is being counted just from that moment, when a patient is already hospitalised. This factor may have a great influence on treatment outcome because the time from trauma to hospital admission can vary significantly among different patient’s groups. Therefore, it was purposeful to carry out a study where exactly this period would be evaluated and its influence on patients’ mortality and functional outcome would be determined.

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Kothe, Lisa [Verfasser]. "Analyse technologisch bedingter Veränderungen phenolischer Verbindungen in Kakao und Kakaoprodukten mit LC-MS und Kapillarelektrophorese / Lisa Kothe." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104768179X/34.

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Rochabrún, Silva Guillermo. "¿Mirándonos en el espejo japonés?: No aru takawa tsume o kakuso." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115207.

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Schwarz, Oliver [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zu Vorläuferpeptiden bitterer Diketopiperazine in Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) und zu geschmacksaktiven Kakaoinhaltsstoffen in Schokolade / Oliver Schwarz." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018982604/34.

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Skeat, Andrew, and n/a. "Feral buffalo in Kakadu National Park : survey methods, population dynamics and control." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061108.161608.

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(1) Aerial survey methods for estimating population size of feral water buffalo in northern Australia were examined. (2) Line transect models underestimated population size. Of six models tested the most accurate underestimated by nearly half. The models give biased estimates most probably because not all animals on the survey line were sighted . (3) Aerial strip transect surveys were also negatively biased. The extent of this bias was estimated in index-removal experiments. Experiments were carried out on two populations in areas of differing obstructive canopy cover. (4) In woodland habitat with a canopy cover of 30- 60%, a correction factor of 3.2 was required to take account of animals not seen. In forest habitat with a canopy cover of 60-100%, a correction factor of 4.9 was required. (5) Using these results, the population size of feral buffalo, cattle and horses in Kakadu National Park was estimated by aerial survey at the end of each year over 6 years. Annual rates of increase for three regions of the Park were estimated, taking into account known removals from the population. The effects of dry season rainfall and population density in the preceding year on rate of increase were examined for each species. (6) The mean annual exponential rate of increase for each species was 0.10 yr-1 for buffalo, 0.23 yr-1 for cattle and -0.14 yr-1 for horses. (7) The annual rates of increase varied greatly between years within all species and were highly correlated with dry season rainfall in the year of survey for buffalo and cattle but not for horses. (8) No significant effect of preceding density on rate of increase was found for any species. A large reduction in buffalo populations did not correspond with an increase in unharvested populations of horses, suggesting the two species do not compete for food or other resources. (9) A campaign to control populations of feral water buffalo in Kakadu National Park was assessed. Between 1979 and 1988, approximately 79,000 animals were removed, 54% by commercial live-capture, 35% by shooting from helicopters and 10% by shooting from the ground. (10) In the period 1983-1988 when population estimates from aerial survey are available, mean buffalo population density was reduced from 5.60 km-2 to 1.17 km-2 over the surveyed area of the Park. (11) The costs of removal by shooting from helicopters, capturing animals alive and shooting from the ground were compared. The mean costs per animal in 1988 were $24.13, $74.53, and $86.02 respectively. (12) The effects of initial density and time spent shooting on number of animals removed by shooting from helicopters were examined. One linear and two curvilinear models were fitted to data from four different removal exercises. The relationship between time spent shooting and number removed was best described by a curvilinear (Ivlev) function. This model was used to estimate costs of control to a specified density. (13) Model regression coefficients differed between removal exercises, suggesting that the number removed may be affected by variables other than time spent shooting and initial density. Data from the range of conditions encountered during removal is thus likely to be required for robust estimation of removal costs.

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Stritzková, Petra. "Světová produkce a světový trh kávy, čaje a kakaa." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-137.

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Práce podává ucelený obraz o vývoji světové produkce a světového trhu s kávou, čajem a kakaem. Práce se skládá ze tří hlavních částí a to ze základních charakteristik uvedených komodit jako je historie objevení a způsob pracování, jejich produkce a charakteristiky spotřebitelského trhu a poptávky. Text je doplněn tabulkami a grafy a v závěru práce se nachází příloha.

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Okel, Jan Christian, and Honga Ross. "Ready to talk Kakao? The Role of Customer Engagement in Multi-Sided Platforms : On the Pioneering Example of KakaoTalk." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39709.

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Background: In the advent of multi-sided platforms defying traditional business models, sustaining long-term scale and success of platforms remains a great challenge to date. At the same time, customer engagement prevails as a superior factor enhancing customer loyalty in the current relationship marketing theory. Hence, utilizing customer engagement as a social tool to attract and sustain users could pose an appropriate answer for the struggles of platform businesses. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate context-specific relationships of customer engagement within a nomological network for multi-sided platform settings. By doing so, we particularly want to investigate context- specific antecedents in MSP settings leading to customer engagement and subsequently test its potential outcome of the continued use of the platform. Approach: By employing the pioneering example of Korea’s ubiquitous multi-sided platform KakaoTalk, we constructed a context-specific nomological network around customer engagement based on the platform’s perceived functionalities and characteristics. Applying structural equation modeling, we investigated our theorized path relationships between the major constructs of our research model. Findings: Our results suggested that the theorized context-specific nomological network around customer engagement can be validated in multi-sided platform settings. Hereby, customer engagement functioned as a strong predictor of user loyalty without being influenced by other relational constructs represented by relationship commitments. Additionally, a platform’s utility and especially its social experience embodied substantial factors that initially lead to customer engagement in the first place. Conclusion: Implications for this study contribute to both practitioners and scholars. While platform managers are guided with practical ideas to exploit customer engagement, the general literature of customer engagement is supported with a contextual study validating the applicability of the nomological network around customer engagement in the setting of multi- sided platforms.

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Butterworth, Joseph. "Lake Rotokakahi the kakahi (Hyridella menziesi) in a general framework of lake health /." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2286.

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Lake Rotokakahi is a mesotrophic lake located within the Rotorua Lakes District, North Island, New Zealand. Under the legal guardianship of the Tuhourangi and Ngati Tumatawera tribes of Te Arawa it has remained closed to the public since 1948. Lake Rotokakahi was last monitored regularly in 1996 under the Environment Bay of Plenty (EBOP) water quality monitoring programme with only the lake outlet (Te Wairoa Stream) being monitored since that time. Water quality data collected up to 1996 suggests that there may be degradation of water quality in the lake, as indicated by declining levels of dissolved oxygen in the bottom waters. Lake Rotokakahi steeped in historical significance, as well as having major cultural and recreational values was well known for its abundant resources and as the name suggests, particularly for its massive supply of the freshwater mussel or kakahi (Hyridella menziesi). Freshwater mussel species worldwide are in decline however little is known on factors controlling kakahi abundance and distribution. The overarching objective of this thesis is update water quality data last monitored in Lake Rotokakahi in 1996 while also identifying key environmental variables thought to influence kakahi populations. This objective is underpinned by a number of aims that include: Establishment of a 12-13 month water quality programme within Lake Rotokakahi so that data is obtained for comparisons with previous water quality data (pre-1997) to allow assessment of whether there have been water quality changes in the lake. Conduct a population survey of the resident kakahi population examining possible environmental factors influencing their populations. Present an oral history of Lake Rotokakahi focusing on its historical significance, water quality, and collection of kairoto (food collected form lakes). from the 18 September 2006 to 14 September 2007 monthly water sampling was carried out at a mid lake station, the lake outflow and inflow for measures of nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton and chlorophyll a. Vertical profiles of temperature dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll fluorescence were also taken on various part of Lake Rotokakahi. A lengthened period of anoxia in the bottom waters during thermal stratification was recorded with increased levels of chlorophyll a in winter and reduced secchi disk depth indicating an increase in phytoplankton biomass. Nutrient concentrations remain moderate relative to historical data. On going water quality monitoring on Lake Rotokakahi is recommended to further evaluate the extent of which water quality change is occurring. This will provide a better understanding of how Lake Rotokakahi can be best managed to further preserve the lake. On 1 March and 20 April kakahi were sampled at five sites. Large kakahi densities were distributed predominantly in depths above the hypolimnion. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and dissolved oxygen were found to be the best correlates for kakahi density and biomass respectively. Low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the hypolimnion are thought to restrict kakahi distributions to above the thermocline in periods of hypolimnetic anoxia.

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Pedan, Vasilisa [Verfasser], and Sascha [Akademischer Betreuer] Rohn. "Charakterisierung von oligomeren Kakao-Proanthocyanidinen : Extraktion und chromatographische Trennung mit simultaner Bestimmung der antioxidativen Kapazität / Vasilisa Pedan ; Betreuer: Sascha Rohn." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1143869117/34.

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20

Hamilton-Pearce, Janette. "Mana wahine in information technology Nga Kaiwhatu Kakahu Me Te Kakahu : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), 2009 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/816.

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21

Billing, Karmyn Maria. ""Sowing the Seeds for Change" A process evaluation of Te Kakano, the SAFE Programme for Maori men who have sexually offended against children." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5731.

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In the field of sexual offender treatment, there is limited literature on cultural influences and processes in therapy. Conventional treatment approaches for minority groups, including Maori in Aotearoa/ New Zealand, may be less effective if interventions are not culturally responsive. This thesis presents the findings of a process evaluation of Te Kakano, the SAFE Network Incorporated programme implemented by Maori clinicians and offered to Maori men who have committed sexual offences against children. The evaluation aimed to describe the programme with a focus on cultural concepts and practices, to identify the programme’s strengths and weaknesses, and to make recommendations for improving programme content and delivery. Qualitative methods including interviews with service users and observations of group therapy sessions were carried out over a 15-month period. Twelve Tane (men), four whanau (family) members and three Kaimahi Maori (staff) participated in the research. The central finding was that Tikanga processes and values encompassed all aspects of the programme and were highly valued by men and their whanau despite differing levels of cultural knowledge amongst the group. A Maori-centred approach has a number of potential benefits: 1) it allows for participation in activities that can strengthen cultural identity and knowledge; 2) the approach recognises the importance of relationships as a context for change; 3) Te Kakano provides a programme that addresses sexually abusive behaviour and is culturally responsive to Maori offenders; 4) the involvement of Maori amongst therapy staff and management is a step towards ensuring that Maori values and perspectives are represented within the organisation. The results indicate that therapeutic initiatives for Maori offenders that utilise Tikanga Maori beliefs and practices may help to reduce offending by improving engagement in treatment, providing a rationale for prosocial behaviours, and assisting healing and reparation processes for individuals, whanau and the wider community. The results are discussed in terms of specific recommendations for programme improvement as well as theoretical and clinical implications. This study makes a unique contribution to the literature by exploring the value of indigenous approaches to treating sexual offending with the aim of protecting tamariki (children) in our communities.

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Brown, Pulu Teena Joanne. "Kakai Tonga 'i 'Okalani, Nu'u Sila = Tongan generations in Auckland, New Zealand." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2584.

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This thesis is written in the format of a three act play. The author has elected this structure to frame the ethnographic data and analysis because it seemed befitting for telling my own life story alongside the memories of three generations of my matrilateral and patrilateral Tongan family residing in Auckland New Zealand. Thus, actors and scenes play out the thesis storyline in three parts where each act is titled Prologue, Dialogue and Epilogue. The Prologue, part one of this three act play, is three chapters which sets in motion the main actors - the research participants, and the scenes - the ethnographic context in which data was collected. It represents an ethnographic mosaic of memory and meaning as co-constructed by actors in recounting how they make sense of their place, their time, in a transnational history, that is, a family of stories among three Tongan generations residing largely in Auckland New Zealand. The Dialogue, part two of this three act play, is four chapters which maps out the theoretical and ethnographic territory that actors and scenes border-cross to visit. By this, I mean that research participants are political actors subject to social factors which shape how their memories and ensuing meanings are selectively reproduced in certain contexts of retelling the past and its relevance to understanding the present. The Epilogue, part three of this three act play, is the curtain call for the closing chapter. It presents an ending in which a new 'identity' entry made by the youngest Tongan generation creates possibilities for social change not yet experienced by prior generations residing in Auckland New Zealand. This thesis is woven into an overarching argument. Here, three generations of my matrilateral and patrilateral Tongan family residing in Auckland New Zealand intersect through two modes of memory and meaning. First, family reconstruct collective memories of 'identity' and 'culture' to make sense of how their ancestral origin, their historical past, is meaningful in their transnational lives and lifestyles. Second, inter-generational change among Tongan family residing in Auckland New Zealand is a social-political product of the transnational condition experienced by ethnic-cultural groups categorised as 'minorities' in the developed world.

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Petersson, Patrik. "Haltbestämning av flavanoider i hantverksmässigt tillverkad choklad." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105038.

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Choklad erhålls från kakaobönan som är frukten på kakaoträdet (Theobroma cacao). För att skapa choklad bearbetas kakaobönan vilket påverkar halten av bioaktiva ämnen i produkten. Choklad innehåller flera typer av bioaktiva ämnen där kakaoflavanolerna epikatechin och katechin är de mest framträdande. De hör till klassen flavanoider som i tidigare forskning har kopplats till hälsosamma effekter som sänkt blodtryck, minskad risk för hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar och ökad antioxidantkapacitet. I förordningen nr 432/2012 över godkända hälsopåståenden för livsmedel som EU-kommissionen fastställt framgår att kakaoflavanoler kan bidra till en normal blodcirkulation genom att blodkärlen hålls elastiska. Påståendet får användas för mörk choklad men konsumenten måste upplysas om att ett dagligt intag av 200 mg kakaoflavanoler krävs för att uppnå den gynnsamma effekten. I aktuell studie har kakaobönor från Madagaskar och 70% mörk choklad producerad på kakaobönor från Peru, Mexiko, Filippinerna och Ecuador analyserats i samarbete med Johannas Choklad i Kalmar. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur halten flavanoider och främst kakaoflavanolerna epikatechin och katechin påverkas vid hantverksmässig chokladtillverkning. Resultatet skulle kunna ge information åt Johannas Choklad vilka bearbetningssteg i processen från kakaoböna till färdig chokladkaka som påverkar halterna mest. Det skulle även kunna ge indikationer på om någon av deras chokladprodukter uppfyller kraven för att erhålla EU:s hälsopåstående angående mörk choklad. Ett antal analyser genomfördes genom att bioaktiva ämnen extraherades med metanol och den slutgiltiga supernatanten indunstades och återstoden löstes i MQ-vatten (v/w =10). Lösningen filtrerades och analyserades därefter med RP-HPLC med UV-detektor (Reversed phase - High Performance Liquid Chromatography). Resultatet från analyserna gav indikationer på att variationen av rostningsgrad (110-135 °C) och processningsförfarandet vid chokladtillverkningen inte påverkade halten av flavanoider nämnvärt. Analysen av den 70% mörka chokladen med bönor av olika ursprung visade att kakaobönor från Mexiko och Peru innehöll högst halt flavanoider och kakaoflavanoler (261 respektive 163 mg kakaoflavanoler/100 g) medans choklad gjord på bönor från Ecuador och Filippinerna innehöll lägre halter (60-70 mg kakaoflavanoler/100 g). Utifrån resultaten av aktuell studie dras slutsatsen att bearbetning av kakaobönor industriellt inte påverkar halterna flavanoider nämnvärt så länge rostnings-temperaturer 135 °C används. Halten flavanoider i choklad tenderar istället att främst bero på kakaobönans ursprung och fermenteringen som sker redan på kakaoplantagen. Mörk choklad (70%) producerat på kakaobönan från Mexiko innehöll högst halter flavanoler i aktuell studie. För att uppnå 200 mg kakaoflavanoler vid daglig konsumtion av denna choklad krävs ett dagligt intag på cirka 77 g. Om detta berättigar Johannas Choklad i Kalmar att utnyttja hälsopåståendet för kakaoflavanoler är oklart. Vid en eventuell ansökan är det europeiska myndigheten för livsmedelssäkerhet, Efsa som genomför bedömningen. Beräkningen av 77 g grundar sig dock på värden utanför kalibreringskurvan vilket gör bestämningen osäker. För att fastställa halterna mer exakt bör ytterligare analyser genomföras.
Chocolate is obtained from the cocoa bean which is the fruit of the cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao). To create chocolate, the cocoa bean is processed, which affects the content of bioactive substances in the product. Chocolate contains several types of bioactive substances, of which the cocoa flavanols epicatechin and catechin are the most prominent. They belong to the class of flavonoids which in previous research have been linked to health effects such as lowered blood pressure, reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, and increased antioxidant capacity. Regulation No. 432/2012 on approved health claims for food, established by the European Commission, states that cocoa flavanols can contribute to the normal blood circulation by keeping the blood vessels elastic. The claim may be used for dark chocolate, but the consumer must be informed that a daily intake of 200 mg of cocoa flavanols is required to achieve the beneficial effect. In the current study, cocoa beans from Madagascar and 70% dark chocolate produced on cocoa beans from Peru, Mexico, the Philippines, and Ecuador have been analyzed in collaboration with Johanna's Chocolate in Kalmar. The purpose of the study was to investigate how the content of flavonoids and mainly the cocoa flavanols epicatechin and catechin are affected by artisanal chocolate production. The result could provide information to Johanna's Chocolate which processing steps in the process from cocoa bean to finished chocolate cake that affects the levels the most. It could also provide indications as to whether any of their chocolate products meet the requirements for obtaining the EU dark chocolate health claim. A number of assays were performed by extracting bioactive substances with methanol and evaporating the final supernatant and dissolving the residue in MQ water (v/w = 10). The solution was filtered and then analyzed by RP-HPLC with a UV detector (Reversed phase - High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The results of the analyzes gave indications that the variation of the degree of roasting (110-135 ° C) and the processing procedure in the chocolate production did not significantly affect the content of flavonoids. The analysis of the 70% dark chocolate with beans of different origins showed that cocoa beans from Mexico and Peru contained the highest levels of flavonoids and cocoa flavanols (208 and 125 mg cocoa flavanols/100 g respectively) while chocolate made of beans from Ecuador and the Philippines contained lower levels (60-70 mg cocoa flavanols/100 g). Based on the results of the current study, it is concluded that the processing of cocoa beans industrially does not significantly affect the levels of flavonoids as long as roasting temperatures ≤135 ° C are used. The content of flavonoids in chocolate instead tends to depend mainly on the origin of the cocoa bean and the fermentation that already takes place on the cocoa plantations. Dark chocolate (70%) produced on the cocoa bean from Mexico contained the highest levels of flavanols in the current study. In order to achieve 200 mg of cocoa flavanols with daily consumption of this chocolate, a daily intake of approximately 77 g is required. Whether this justifies Johanna's Chocolate in Kalmar to use the health claim for cocoa flavanols is unclear. In the event of an application, the European Food Safety Authority, EFSA, will carry out the assessment. The calculation of 77 g is based on values outside the calibration curve, which makes the determination uncertain. To determine the levels more precisely, further analyzes should be carried out.

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24

Vaišnoraitė, Lina. "Miofascijinių trigerinių taškų terapijos ir tempimo pratimų poveikis skausmui ir kaklo judesių amplitudei." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130910_100535-13590.

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Tyrimo problema: miofascijinis skausmo sindromas, sukeltas aktyvių miofascijinių trigerinių, taškų vargina lėtiniais raumenų skausmais, sutrikdo judesių amplitudę, miegą ir gyvenimo kokybę. Latentiniai miofascijiniai trigeriniai taškai bet kuriuo metu, paveikti bet kokio mechaninio stimulo gali tapti aktyviais. Gydant ir taip šalinant latentinius miofascijinius trigerinius taškus užkertamas kelias aktyvių miofascijinių trigerinių taškų formavimuisi ir tuo pačiu miofascijinio skausmo sindromo atsiradimui. Tyrimo objektas: kaklo judesių amplitudės ir miofascijinių trigerinių taškų sukelto skausmo pokyčiai taikant miofascijinių trigerinių taškų terapiją ir tempimo pratimus. Tyrimo tikslas: nustatyti miofascijinių trigerinių taškų terapijos ir tempimo pratimų poveikį skausmui ir kaklo judesių amplitudei. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti išeminės kompresijos poveikį galvos sukamojo ir trapecinio viršutinės dalies raumenų miofascijinių trigerinių taškų sukeltam skausmui ir kaklo judesių amplitudei. 2. Nustatyti išeminės kompresijos ir tempimo pratimų poveikį galvos sukamojo ir trapecinio viršutinės dalies raumenų miofascijinių trigerinių taškų sukeltam skausmui ir kaklo judesių amplitudei. 3. Palyginti išeminės kompresijos taikomos atskirai ir kartu su tempimo pratimais veiksmingumą mažinant galvos sukamojo ir trapecinio viršutinės dalies raumenų miofascijinių trigerinių taškų sukeltą skausmą ir didinant kaklo judesių amplitudę. 4. Nustatyti miofascijinių trigerinių taškų sukelto... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Problem of study: Myofascial pain syndrome, caused by active myofascial trigger points, causes chronic muscle pain, restricts range of motion, decreases sleep and quality of life. Latent myofascial trigger points at any time can transforme into active myofascial trigger points, when a mechanical stimulus appears. Treating and eliminating latent myofascial trigger points prevent latent myofascial trigger points from transforming into active myofascial trigger points, and hence, prevent the development of myofascial pain syndrome. Object of study: changes of cervical range of motion and myofascial trigger points pain after application of myofascial trigger point therapy and streching exercises. Aim of study: to determine the impact of myofascial trigger point therapy and streching exercises for MTrPs pain and cervical range of motion. Goals of study: 1. To determine the change of sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles myofascial trigger points pain and cervical range of motion, when ischemic compression is applied. 2. To determine the change of sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles myofascial trigger points pain and cervical range of motion, when ischemic compression and streching exercises are applied. 3. To compare the effectiveness of ischemic compression and streching exercises on sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles myofascial trigger points pain and cervical range of motion. 4. To determine the relation beatween myofascial trigger points pain... [to full text]

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25

Correale, Natanael. "Att äta kakan och ha den kvar : En hållbarhetsprövning av John Haughts evolutionsteologi." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-235455.

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Rudžianskas, Viktoras. "Galvos ir kaklo srities plokščialąstelinio vėžio atkryčio spindulinio gydymo veiksmingumo ir saugumo tyrimas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130611_083554-04882.

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Po radikalaus gydymo 20–50 proc. pacientų, kuriems nustatytas galvos–kaklo srities vėžys lokoregioninis atkrytis nustatomas per pirmus dvejus metus. Literatūroje paskelbtų tyrimų rezultatai taikant pakartotinę nuotolinę spindulinę terapiją dėl galvos-kaklo vėžio atkryčio prasti: 2-jų metų bendras išgyvenimas siekė 15,2–40 proc., vėlyvųjų 3-4 laipsnio komplikacijų dažnis buvo 1,4–47 proc., 5 laipsnio - 7,6 proc. Retrospektyvinių ir II fazės tyrimų rezultatai naudojant didelės dozės galios brachiterapiją galvos-kaklo srities vėžio atkryčiui gydyti: 2-jų metų bendras išgyvenimas siekė 19–63 proc., vėlyvųjų 3-4 laipsnio komplikacijų dažnis buvo 4–22,2 proc. Tyrimų metu skirtos 3–4 Gy frakcijos iki 30–40 Gy suminės dozės. Iki šiol neatlikti tyrimai lyginantys nuotolinės spindulinės terapijos ir didelės dozės galios brachiterapijos gydymo veiksmingumą ir saugumą. Šioje disertacijoje palyginti skirtingi spindulinio gydymo metodai gydant galvos-kaklo srities vėžio atkrytį: kontrolinei grupei taikytas nuotolinis konforminis spindulinis gydymas (25 frakcijos po 2 Gy, suminė dozė 50 Gy), tiriamajai grupei - hipofrakcionuota didelės dozės galios brachiterapija skiriant naują frakcionavimo režimą – po 2,5 Gy per frakciją po dvi frakcijas per dieną, iki 30 Gy suminės dozės. Toks frakcionavimo režimas pasirinktas siekiant sumažinti spindulinių reakcijų dažnį ir sunkumo laipsnį, o suminė dozė yra biologiškai ekvivalentiška suminėms dozėms, kurios buvo naudotos ankstesniuose tyrimuose.
After radical treatment of head and neck cancer 20–50% of patients are diagnosed with the locoregional recurrence during first two years. In the literature the results of studies, using reirradiation by three-dimensional radiotherapy for head and neck cancer recurrence, according to a 2-year overall survival and toxicity, are poor: overall survival reached 15.2–40%, the grade 3 - 4 toxicity reached 1.4–47% and grade 5 - 7.6%. The results of phase II and retrospective studies using the high-dose-rate brachytherapy for treatment of head and neck cancer relapse were: 2-year overall survival was 19–63%; grade 3 - 4 late toxicity 4–22.2%. In these studies 3–4 Gy per fraction up to 30–40 Gy total dose were administered. So far, the randomized study, comparing the high-dose-rate brachytherapy with the three-dimensional radiotherapy, treating head and neck cancer relapse, hasn’t been conducted. We compared different radiotherapy methods: three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was administered to the control group (25 fractions of 2 Gy, total dose of 50 Gy); the hypofractionated high-dose-rate brachytherapy was administered to the experimental group, while applying a new regime of fractionation: 2.5 Gy per fraction, two fractions per day, up to 30 Gy total dose. Such fractionation regimen was selected in order to reduce the rate and grade of toxicity, while the total dose is biologically equivalent to the total doses, which have been used in previous studies.

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27

Borg, Jenny, and Sandra Nilmarkson. ""Konsten att ta russinen ur kakan" : läs- och skrivundervisning i skolans tidiga år." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-13515.

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Syftet med föreliggande arbete är att undersöka hur lärare i ett urval skolor talar om sitt arbete med den tidiga läs- och skrivundervisningen i årskurs F-3. Undersökningens fokus kommer i huvudsak vara lärares beskrivning av undervisningens utformning samt vilka faktorer och modeller som ligger till grund för deras läs- och skrivundervisning. Utifrån syftet görs en enkätundersökning där lärare yrkesverksamma i årskurs F-3 deltar. Undervisningsmodellerna Bornholmsmodellen, LTG-metoden, Att skriva sig till läsning, Wittingmetoden och Whole language ligger till grund för en del av enkätens frågor. Undervisningsmodellerna presenteras under arbetets forskningsbakgrund och enkätsvaren redovisas under arbetets empiriska del. Avslutningsvis leds arbetet in i en diskussion med utgångspunkt i arbetets syfte, forskningsfrågor och enkätsvar. Undersökningen visar att lärare använder sig av olika modeller i den tidiga läs- och skrivundervisningen. De slutsatser som lyfts fram i diskussionen är betydelsen av att kombinera olika undervisningsmodeller för att tillgodose elevers individuella behov och förutsättningar. Det visar sig även i arbetets undersökning att lärares yrkeserfarenhet är en faktor till hur lärarna väljer att utforma den tidiga läs- och skrivundervisningen.

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Arvidsson, Amanda. "ATT DELA KAKAN PÅ FLERA : En studie om rätten till arv vid polygami." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72971.

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Written in Swedish with an English abstract. Polygamy has recently received more and more attention in Sweden due to, among other things, the streams of refugees and globalization. The Swedish norm of marriage is monogamy thus family constellations that go against this sometimes have difficulties to adapt to the Swedish family law. Polygamy is a collective name for marriages where a person is married to several people at the same time. The sex basically does not play a role in the concept of polygamy, but the most common marriage constellation, and the constellation that this essay has delimited itself to, is the one where one man is married to several women. Today, polygamy is mainly practiced in the Muslim countries of Asia and Africa where the Qur'an is an important part of the construction of the countries' legal systems. In order for polygamy to be allowed in Sweden, it is required that the marriage can be recognized according to the law on certain international legal relationships concerning marriage and guardianship (lag om vissa internationella rättsförhållanden rörande äktenskap och förmynderskap). According to the Swedish Tax Agency's (Skatteverket) investigation, there are currently 679 persons registered with one or more spouses in the population register in Sweden; on the other hand, the figure is not considered to reflect reality. When a person dies, there are many things to be organized. Most of these issues in Sweden are regulated in the Inheritance Code (ärvdabalken). But since most of the family law in Sweden is based on the Swedish norm of marriage of monogamy, there are several application problems when the Inheritance Code is to be applied to polygamous marriages. But although the law is mainly designed for monogamy, it is possible to apply the law to polygamous family constellations. Even though it is not designed for this purpose, the law should be considered flexible enough that it can be applied. However, the application of the law creates problems among other things when it comes to the women in the relationship. It is clear that women in polygamous marriages have more uncertainties than women in monogamous marriages when it comes to the right to inherit and survivor`s protection. It is also difficult to presume that the proposal for legislative amendment that are on the table will contribute to strengthening the protection of the women. However, there are many indications that it in general looks good for the children in the marriages. There is really not much that suggests that children whose parents are in polygamous relationships are treated a lot differently when it comes to the right to inherit then children with parents in monogamous marriages.
Polygami har på senare tid uppmärksammats mer och mer i Sverige med anledning av bland annat flyktingströmmar och globalisering. Den svenska äktenskapsnormen är tvåsamhet, monogami vilket således har lett till att familjekonstellationer som går emot denna norm ibland har svårt att anpassas till den svenska familjerätten. Polygami är ett samlingsnamn för äktenskap där en person är gift med flera personer samtidigt. I grunden spelar könet inte någon betydelse för begreppet polygami men den vanligaste äktenskapskonstellationen, och den konstellation som uppsatsen har avgränsat sig till, är den där en man är gift med flera kvinnor. Idag är polygami främst praktiserat i de muslimska länderna i Asien och Afrika där Koranen är en viktig del av uppbyggnaden av ländernas rättsordningar. För att polygami ska bli tillåtet i Sverige krävs det att äktenskapen kan erkännas enligt lagen om vissa internationella rättsförhållanden rörande äktenskap och förmynderskap. Enligt Skatteverkets utredning finns det idag 679 personer registrerade med en eller flera makar i folkbokföringsdatabasen i Sverige, däremot anses siffran inte spegla verkligheten. När en människa dör är det mycket saker som ska anordnas. De flesta av dessa angelägenheterna i Sverige regleras i ärvdabalken. Men eftersom den till största delen av familjerätten i Sverige utgår från den svenska äktenskapsnormen om tvåsamhet, föreligger det ett flertal tillämpningsproblem när ärvdabalken ska tillämpas på polygama äktenskap. Men trots att lagen i huvudsak är utformad för monogami finns det möjlighet att tillämpa lagen vid polygama familjekonstellationer. Trots att lagen i sig inte är konstruerad för polygama familjer torde den dock vara så flexibel att den går att tillämpa. Tillämpningen av lagen är dock behäftade med problem för bland annat kvinnorna i relationen. Det är tydligt att kvinnor i polygama äktenskap har det mer osäkert än kvinnor i monogama äktenskap när det kommer till arv och efterlevnadsskydd. Att de förslag till lagändring som ligger på bordet kommer bidra till en stärkelse av kvinnornas skydd är även det svårt att förmoda. Mycket tyder dock på att det överlag ser bra ut för barnen i äktenskapen. Det finns egentligen inte mycket som tyder på att barnen i hög utsträckning blir särbehandlade jämte barn i monogama äktenskap.

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Kaka, Imraan. "Corporate self-regulation and environmental protection / Imraan Kaka." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8742.

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Rasiukevičienė, Zita. "Kineziterapijos efektyvumas mažinant viršutinės galūnės, kaklo ir galvos skausmus biuro darbuotojams, dirbantiems sėdimą darbą." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_145511-93042.

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Kaklo ir viršutinės galūnės skausmai yra plačiai paplitę tarp biuro darbuotojų. Tai šiuolaikinių biurų darbuotojų problema: kasmet daugėja ��monių, kurie didelę darbo dienos dalį praleidžia prie kompiuterio, daugėja ir tų, kurie skundžiasi kaklo bei viršutinės galūnės ir galvos skausmais. Darbo tikslas. Nustatyti kineziterapijos poveikį, mažinant galvos, kaklo ir viršutinės galūnės skausmus biuro darbuotojams. Taikyti metodai. Pirminės darbuotojų apklausos metu buvo apklausti 68 darbuotojai, didžiąją dienos dalį dirbantys kompiuteriu. Buvo atrinkti 25 darbuotojai (moterys), kurie sutiko dalyvauti antrajame tyrimo etape. Beveik visi jautė galvos, kaklo, pečių lanko skausmus. Tiriamosioms (n=25) buvo taikomi KT pratimai, laikomasi ilgų bei trumpų poilsio pertraukėlių, paaiškintos pagrindinės taisyklingos sėdėsenos taisyklės. Po 12 savaičių buvo vykdomas antrasis tyrimo etapas. Jo metu buvo pakartotinai apklausiami darbuotojai ir atliekami judesių amplitudės matavimai, vertinama raumenų jėgos dinamika bei pusiausvyra. Anketa buvo paruošta remiantis modifikuota Aberdeen skausmo skale, Borg CR10 skale, Vernono kaklo negalios indekso skale. Rezultatai. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog iš (n=25) apklaustų darbuotojų prieš kineziterapiją skausmą jautė 92% tiriamųjų. Dažniausiai pasitaikantys buvo galvos, kaklo ir viršutinės žasto dalies skausmai. Po 12 savaičių KT taikymo, sėdėsenos korekcijos bei optimalaus darbo ir poilsio rėžimo laikymosi, pastebimas žymus galvos, kaklo ir rankos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Neck and upper limb pain is frequently reported by computer workers. It is becoming a common problem as more people are using computers and so more and more people are complaining of pain in the neck and upper limbs, and headaches. Aims: To identify the efficacy of physiotherapy in order to relieve headache, chronic neck and shoulder pain. This research programme was concerned with people that spend the largest part of their working day using computers. Methods: The present study was designed to quantify the typical level of pain, and then to test the efficacy of physiotherapy intervention. Sixty eight workers answered the questionnaire. Only twenty five computer workers were asked to partcipate in the study, all of whom had reported headaches and had frequent or long standing neck and upper limb symptoms. Participants were asked to fill out a modified questionnaire detailing their pain before the intervention and after. The range of various neck and arm movements of the participants were then measured using goniometry and the results recorded. The group was then taught various exercises and required to take regular breaks for 12 weeks. Results: The pain was found to have been effectively relieved. Physical exercise intervention resulted in a statistically significant (p<0,05) decrease in the intensity of headaches and neck pain (from 92% to 48%). The increase in the the range of mobility and static balanse signicantly improved (p<0,05). Conclusion: Although physiotherapy is... [to full text]

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Kakanj, Parisa [Verfasser], Jens C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Brüning, and Carien M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Niessen. "Indian hedgehog function in skin development and tumour formation / Parisa Kakanj. Gutachter: Jens C. Brüning ; Carien M. Niessen." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2011. http://d-nb.info/103822733X/34.

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Reinschmidt, Matthias. "Untersuchungen zur Brutbiologie des Inkakakadus (Cacatua leadbeateri) im Loro Parque, Teneriffa." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2007/4646/index.html.

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Ivana, Lončarević. "Uticaj lecitina različitog porekla na kristalizaciona svojstva masne faze i kvalitet mazivog krem proizvoda sa dodatkom funkcionalnih biljnih ulja." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2013. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=85309&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Konditorska industrija Srbije za proizvodnju mazivog krem proizvoda isključivo koristi sojin lecitin. Veliki obim proizvodnje ulja iz semena suncokreta i uljane repice u Srbiji uticao je na proizvodnju suncokretovog i repičinog lecitina, kao nusproizvoda postupka degumiranja u fazi rafinacije ovih ulja.Masna faza mazivog krem proizvoda sadrži biljne masti dobijene metodama hidrogenacije, koje kao nusprodukte imaju visok udeo nepoželjnih trans-masnih kiselina. U cilju poboljšanja mazivosti ovog proizvoda dodaje se i rafinisano suncokretovo ulje, koje sadrži veliki udeo linolne esencijalne masne kiseline, kao i α-tokoferol (E vitamin), ima prosečan sadržaj sterola, nizak sadržaj skvalena i karotenoida, ali gotovo da ne sadrži esencijalnu α-linolensku masnu kiselinu i antioksidante δ- i γ-tokoferol.U prvoj fazi doktorske teze ispitana je mogudnost zamene sojinog lecitina u proizvodnji mazivog kakao-krem proizvoda sa suncokretovim i repičinim lecitinom u smislu optimizacije koncentracije dodatog lecitina i vremena mlevenja u laboratorijskom kugličnom mlinu. U drugoj fazi ispitana je mogudnost poboljšanja nutritivne vrednosti mazivog kakao-krem proizvoda zamenom dela i celokupne količine suncokretovog ulja funkcionalnim uljima iz semena soje, uljane repice i susama.Gasnom hromatografijom ispitan je sastav masnih kiselina u masti, biljnim uljima i lecitinima različitog porekla, gde je u lecitinima određen i sastav fosfolipida primenom kvantitativne fosforne nuklearno-magnetno-rezonantne tehnike. Kristalizacione osobine masne faze mazivog kakao-krem proizvoda ispitane su pulsnom nuklearno-magnetnom-rezonantnom spektroskopijom, dok je kinetika kristalizacije definisana primenom Gompertz-ovog matematičkog modela.Reološke karakteristike mazivog kakao-krem proizvoda ispitane su rotacionom viskozimetrijom, određene su teksturalne karakteristike proizvoda na teksturometru i toplotne osobine primenom diferencijalne skenirajude kalorimetrije. Boja proizvoda definisana je tristimulusnom kolorimetrijom, a senzorna analiza određena je metodom skale u vremenskom intervalu od šest meseci čuvanja uzorka na tamnom mestu i sobnoj temperaturi. Ispitivanje održivosti mazivog kakao-krem proizvoda obuhvatilo je određivanje nastalih aldehida, kao proizvoda oksidacije lipida, gasnom hromatografijom.
Soy lecithin is widely used emulsifier in confectionery industry of Serbia. On the other hand, there is a large production of sunflower and rapeseed oil, which contributed the production of sunflower and rapeseed lecithin as a by-product of degumming of crude oil during refining process. Another issue is a high level of undesirable trans-fatty acids in hydrogenated vegetable fats that are being used in the production of cream spread. Beside hidrogenated fats, cream product contains sunflower oil with essential fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) and α-tocopherol (E vitamin), has an average content of sterols, squalene and a low content of carotenoids, but almost does not contain the essential α-linolenic acid and antioxidants, δ-and γ-tocopherol.The first phase of this work investigatesthe possibility of soy lecithin replacement in cocoa spread cream production with sunflower and rapeseed lecithin, in terms of optimizing the amount of lecithin and milling time in laboratory ball mill.The second phase investigates nutrition value improvement of cocoa spread cream, with partly or completely replacing sunflower oil with functional soybean, rapeseed and sesame oil.Gas chromatography was used in order to examine the fatty acid composition in edible non trans-fat and vegetable oils, as well as in lecithin from different sources. Phospholipid composition in soy, sunflower and rapeseed lecithin was determined using quantitative phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Crystallization properties of fat phase of cocoa spread cream were examined by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, while crystallization kinetics was defined using the Gompertz's mathematical model.Rheological properties of cocoa spread cream were analyzed by rotational viscosity, certain textural characteristics were determined using texture analyser and also thermal properties using differential scanning calorimetry. The color on the surface of cocoa spread cream was defined using tristimulus colorimetric method, and sensory analysis was determined by the scale over a period of six months of storage in the dark and room temperature. Shelf-life of cocoa spread cream was determined applying gas chromatographic analyses of the formed aldehydes as secondary products of lipid oxidation.

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Rutkauskas, Saulius. "Galvos ir kaklo kraujagyslių ultragarsinių tyrimų parametrų vertė prognozuojant lengvo kognityvinio sutrikimo progresavimą į demenciją." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_233827-86761.

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Demencija yra vienas iš dažniausiai sutinkamų psichikos sutrikimų vyresniame amžiuje. Pastebėta, kad dalis vyresnio amžiaus pacientų, kuriems vėliau išsivysto demencija, dažniau nei bendraamžiai skundžiasi pažinimo sutrikimais, tačiau kasdieninė veikla yra nesutrikusi. Ši būklė buvo pavadinta lengvu kognityviniu sutrikimu (LKS). Neurosonografiniai tyrimai pateikia daug naudingos informacijos apie funkcinius galvos ir kaklo kraujagyslių parametrus. Tyrimo tikslas buvo nustatyti neurosonografinių galvos ir kaklo arterijų parametrų vertę prognozuojant demenciją lengvu kognityviniu sutrikimu sergantiems pacientams. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) ištirti LKS turinčių pacientų demografines ir klinikines charakteristikas ir įvertinti jų ir progresavimo į demenciją ryšį; 2) ištirti LKS turinčių pacientų ekstrakranijinės kraujotakos parametrus ir įvertinti jų ir progresavimo į demenciją ryšį; 3) ištirti LKS turinčių pacientų intrakranijinės kraujotakos parametrus ir įvertinti jų ir pogresavimo į demenciją ryšį; 4) ištirti LKS turinčių pacientų miego arterijų sienelių parametrus ir įvertinti jų ir pogresavimo į demenciją ryšį; 5) ištirti LKS turinčių pacientų miego arterijų aterosklerozinius požymius ir įvertinti jų ir pogresavimo į demenciją ryšį; 6) įvertinti bendrą tiriamųjų demografinių ir klinikinių charakteristikų bei neurosonografinių parametrų diagnostinę reikšmę prognozuojant progresavimą iš lengvo kognityvinio sutrikimo į demenciją.
Dementia is one of the most commonly occurring mental disorders in older age. It was noticed that some of the elderly patients who later develop dementia, more often than contemporaries complained of cognitive impairment, but daily activities were not affected. This condition was called mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Neurosonographic studies provide a lot of useful information about the functional head and neck vascular parameters. The aim of our study was to provide more information about the significance of the extra- and intracranial arterial blood flow and carotid arterial wall parameters for prediction of dementia for patients with MCI. Objectives of the study is 1) to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of MCI patients and to assess their relation with progression to dementia; 2) to investigate blood flow parameters of the extracranial arteries and to assess their relation with progression to dementia; 3) to investigate blood flow parameters of the intracranial arteries and to assess their relation with progression to dementia; 4) to investigate the intima-media thickness and stiffness of carotid arteries walls and to assess their relation with progression to dementia, 5) to investigate the atherosclerotic changes and to assess their relation with progression to dementia; 6) to assess the value of demographic and clinical characteristics and neurosonographic parameters for prediction of dementia.

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Nilsson, Karin, and Linnea Nylin. "“Hade vi alla tagit en liten del av kakan så hade vi kunnat rädda fler”." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26463.

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I Sverige har vi skolplikt, trots detta är det 2000 barn och ungdomar som har sammanhängande ogiltig frånvaro. Dessa elever kallas för hemmasittare. Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka om och hur samverkan i skola, socialtjänst och BUP ser ut kring arbetet med hemmasittare samt hur de yrkesverksamma beskriver problemet hemmasittare. Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ intervju-studie. Informanterna i studien bestod av lärare, skolkurator, rektor, social-sekreterare, kuratorer från BUP samt ett samverkansteam. För att få en djupare förståelse för fenomenet hemmasittare samt samverkan kring dessa elever analyserades empirin med hjälp av Danermarks samverkansteori och Paynes systemteori. Studien visar att samverkan finns, dock i varierande grad och kvalité. Resultatet visar även att om samverkan ska fungera krävs det tydliga ramar för hur den ska se ut och slutligen visar studien att vem man möter i skola, socialtjänst och BUP påverkar hur samverkan ser ut.
In Sweden we have compulsory school attendance, still there are 2000 children and young adolescents who have coherent absence. The aim of our study is to research if and how the collaboration between school, social services and health care professional works and how the professionals describe the problem with school refusal behaviour. We have used qualitative semi structured interviews as our method and interviewed teachers, school counsellor, principal, counsellors within health care and an collaboration team. To analyse our material we used Danermarks collaboration theory and Paynes system theory. Our study shows that collaboration exist although in varying degrees and quality. The study also shows that for collaboration to be successful there need to be a clear framework on how the collaboration should take place and look like, finally the study shows that who you meet in school, social service and health care influence how the collaboration works.Keywords: Collaboration, school, school attendance, school refusal behaviour, social service, youth health care.

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Michelle, Zénon. "Pour une contribution à des conditions de réussite d'une action collective organisée : le cas de Noël Kakadò en Guadeloupe." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2012_zenon.pdf.

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Mon travail de thèse de doctorat de Sociologie est une contribution à la compréhension des conditions de réussite d’actions collectives organisées en Guadeloupe : le cas de Noël Kakadò. Noël Kakadò est une fête coutumière, culturelle et économique. Elle se déroule dans la commune de Vieux-Habitants, territoire où furent installés les premiers colons en 1635. Cette action mise en œuvre par un collectif d’associations au nom de Collectif Eyéri (nom caraïbe signifiant ceux qui étaient là avant : les premiers habitants). Cette manifestation se déroule les 4 vendredis de l’Avent, dans 4 sections de la commune, autour d’un rituel basé sur l’organisation d’une fête de Noël d’antan et de la caféiculture, sur la place de la rivière et du cacador1 dans la mémoire collective : éléments du patrimoine matériel et immatériel du territoire habissois. J’ai émis l’hypothèse que ces fêtes ou manifestations culturelles s’inscrivent dans l’histoire des lieux et la mémoire collective, sur l’identité culturelle du territoire. Elles s’appuient sur les valeurs amérindiennes et le mode de vie de l’habitation caféière. Elles produisent du lien, valorisent le territoire et ses ressources, et conduisent au développement local. Ces moments de convivialité et de solidarité contribuent à les légitimer, les pérenniser et déboucher sur le développement économique du territoire. Ces moments de convivialité et de solidarité contribuent à les légitimer, les pérenniser et déboucher sur le développement économique du territoire. Rattachée au laboratoire de recherche le CERAL, mes travaux s’appuieront en premier sur la sociologie du développement et sur les travaux de Pecqueur Bernard, Greffe Xavier, Teisserenc Pierre. Ils seront aussi éclairés par la sociologie de l’organisation (travaux de Boltanski Luc, Thévenot Laurent, Crozier Michel et Friedberg Erhard) ainsi que les travaux de Chamoiseau Patrick et Glissant Edouard sur l’identité culturelle du territoire. Je mettrai en exergue deux autres actions : la Fête du crabe à Morne-à-l’eau et la Fête des cuisinières à Pointe-à-Pitre. Telle pourrait être ma contribution à une meilleure compréhension des actions collectives en Guadeloupe
My Sociology PhD thesis aims at contributing to the grasp of the conditions according to which collective actions organized in Guadeloupe are successful –a case in point is “Noël Kakadò”. “Noël Kakadò” is a customary, a cultural and economical celebration, which takes place in the town of Vieux Habitants, where the first colonists settled in 1635. It is an action, lead by a group of associations called “Collectif Eyéri” (Caraïbe name meaning “those who were there before», the first inhabitants). This celebration takes places by the four Advent Fridays, in the four boroughs of the town. It consists in the organization of a Christmas party of yesteryear based on coffee growing, and occurs on the river and cacador square, in a folk memory ambience. It is in the end part of the material and immaterial heritage of the habissois’ territory. I have been wondering if these celebrations or cultural events were in line with the History of the place and its folk memory dimension, about the regional and cultural identity. They also refer to the natives’ values and the way of life on the coffee plantation. They make people link, they develop the territory and its resources, and they lead to local development. These convivial and interdependent moments contribute to legitimate them and make them durable; the economic growth of the territory being their main goal. Being linked to the CERAL laboratory, my work shall first lean on the Sociology of Development (in particular on Pecqueur Bernard, Greffe Xavier, and Teisserenc Pierre ‘S studies). The Sociology of organization (with the studies of Boltanski Luc, Thévenot Laurent, Crozier Michel, and Friedberg) added to the work of Chamoiseau Patrick and Glissant Edouard on the regional and cultural identity shall pad out my writings. Moreover, I will be inspired by the study of two other events: the “Fête du crabe” (celebration praising crab) in Morne-à-l’Eau and the “Fete des cuisinières” (celebration honoring cooking customs) in Pointe-à Pitre. This would be my contribution to a better knowledge of collective actions in Guadeloupe

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Enlund, Susanna. "Att plocka russinen ur kakan : Fyra pedagogers erfarenheter av att främja elevers sociala kompetens i skolan." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3283.

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Sammanfattning

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att bidra med kunskap om pedagogers erfarenheter av att arbeta för att öka elevers sociala kompetens, de olika hinder och möjligheter pedagogerna kan uppleva, då de blir erbjudna att arbeta utifrån en metod som de fått kompetensutbildning inom. Undersökningen är gjord med kvalitativa intervjuer av fyra pedagoger. I resultatet framgår att pedagogernas arbete för att främja elevers sociala kompetens genomsyrar hela verksamheten, de arbetar inte endast under någon lektion i veckan med social kompetens. Resultatet visar att pedagogerna inte arbetar utifrån en viss metod, utan använder sig av många olika material, trots att alla fyra pedagoger nyligen fått kompetensutbildning inom en viss metod. Det framkom att endast en av de fyra pedagogerna berättade om nya upplevelser av hur man kan arbeta för att öka elevers sociala kompetens, genom deras kompetensutbildning inom en metod. Samma pedagog berättar om insikten att arbeta med individen istället för endast gruppen. En annan berättar om att knyta an idrotten till sin pedagogroll och hur kärlek och struktur är ett motto i detta arbete. Dessutom berättar en pedagog om att ständigt och alltid så är värdegrundsarbetet där. Det framkommer även från en av pedagogerna vikten av att man som pedagog får syn på sin egen roll som lärare och förebild, då de arbetar för att främja elevers sociala kompetens.

Abstract

The purpose with this essay is to contribute the knowledge from four teachers’ experiences to work in order to increase students’ social competence. Those different obstacles and possibilities teachers can experience, when they are offered to work on the basis of a method that they got competence education within. The survey is done with qualitative interviews of the four teachers. The result shows that teachers work in this matter informs the entire activity. They do not work only during some lesson in the week with social competence. The result also shows that the teachers do not work on the basis of only one method. They use many different materials, despite that everyone of the four teachers recently got competence education within a certain method. It turns out that only one of the four teachers told about new experiences that the education with a method had given. The same teacher tells about the understanding to work with the individual instead of the whole group. Another tells about linking the sports to the teacher’s role, and how love and structure are a motto in that teachers work. More over tells another teacher that, permanent and always so is the social and emotional work there. It also turns out from one teacher the weight of that teachers sights its own role and model, when they work in order to promote students social competence.

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Vaščenkovas, Jurijus. "Dirbančiųjų kompiuteriu ergonominio švietimo ir darbo vietos ergonominės korekcijos efektyvumas kaklo ir pečių lanko skausmų mažinimui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060512_021820-69778.

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Summary Title. The effect of ergonomic education and ergonomic correction of workplace for the reduction of pain in the area of the neck or shoulder girdle for employees who work with computer. Aims. To identify the efficiency of the ergonomic correction of workplace and of employees ergonomic education, in order to relieve chronic neck and shoulder pains. The research is designed for people, who spend the largest part of their working time with computer. Methods. During the survey there were questioned 80 people, who spend the largest part of their working time with computer. It was evaluated the ergonomics of their workplaces. Among 80 respondents there were selected 30, who felt pain, numbness or big discomfort in the zone of their neck, shoulder girdle or upper arms for 14 or more days during last 3 months. For the 30 selected people it was accomplished the correction of their workplace ergonomic errors and explained the importance of correct work ergonomics and its major rules. After 3 months it was performed a second control survey. 26 people have successfully accomplished the research. The survey and evaluation of workplace ergonomics were performed using the questionnaire and recommendations of “Department for Work and Health National Institute for Working Life“, Stockholm, Sweden; „Section of Occupation Medicine in Sahlgrenska University Hospital“, Gothenburg, Sweden; „Department of Occupational Medicine in Karolinska Hospital“, Stockholm, Sweden.” Results. The... [to full text]

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Samuelsson, Pontus, and Henrik Arnbom. "Den där digitala kakan som kan verka obehaglig, men även underlätta att hitta det vi efterfrågar?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45206.

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The increased use of tailored marketing has contributed to companies being able to reach customers to a greater extent in a more individualized way. To be able to tailor their marketing, companies need to collect large amounts of personal information from their consumers, which has been criticized. The criticism regarding companies collecting consumer’s personal information has led to questions as to whether this is something that may violate an individual's integrity. The purpose of this thesis has been to study different generations' knowledge regarding the collection of data through cookies and whether this is something that affects consumer behavior. Hopefully this study will contribute with useful knowledge for professional marketers in order to optimize marketing strategies towards the different generations and thus ensuring they do not violate the integrity of the different generations. The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews, where five people from four different generations were interviewed. The results show differences between the generations both in terms of the perceived intrusion of their privacy as well as influenced buying behavior related to tailored marketing.

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Syrová, Tereza. ""Ve světle bontonu". Meziválečná konzumní společnost v Československu na příkladu spotřeby kávy, kakaa, čokolády a čaje." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261947.

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Dissertation thesis discusses the consumption of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate in the interwar period in the Czechoslovakia. On the basis of statistical data and examination of archival sources comes with the definition of the middle classes of the population, which those commodities consumed. The thesis shows the distribution of consumption of commodities based on the survey in blue-collar and white-collar families. Furthermore provides insight into the lives of families, distribution of their spending and the size of income. It refers to the representation of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate in the consumer basket and shows the elasticity of the mentioned commodities. For the central part of the research of the dissertation thesis chose the Czech territory only, because here were without difficulty accessible data sources. The Dissertation thesis clarifies the causes of consuming cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate and concludes that each was consumed from another purpose, which resulted status of these commodities. Tea consumption has been designed especially for the higher classes of the population, chocolate bought mostly white-collar family, but over twenties speared consumption of chocolate products also among the middle and lower classes into the population. The chocolate products were subject to early 20s of the luxury tax. Cocoa was used in connection with cooking and baking, but families didnt use this product frequently. Coffee drank all layers of the population, but consumption was based on the social status of the consumer. Very frequently families consume rye coffee and chicory coffee. Dissertation thesis also highlights the regional differences between the classes, which were further intensified. Thesis examines in detail the amount of the duties of the commodity, which in the interwar period varied widely, and concludes that the duty to disproportionately increase the price of products and made it impossible for consumers to buy more of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate.

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Vítková, Tereza. "Fair Trade a jeho význam pro africké země." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113754.

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The aim of this thesis is to analyze the functioning of Fair Trade and define the main opportunities which it offers to the producers from Africa. The first chapter contains the typical features of this concept, its definition, essential principles, methods of certification, a brief historical overview and current development. It also introduces some important international organizations involved in Fair Trade. The second chapter focuses on Fair Trade in Africa. It includes the analysis of African market, SWOT analysis and definition of some important Fair Trade organizations in Africa and their main activities. The emphasis is given to Fair Trade in Africa, the utilization and distribution of Fair Trade premium, commodity structure, number of farmers involved in the concept of Fair Trade and some other factors. The last part is devoted to the cocoa industry in Africa and two major cooperatives operating in the Ivory Coast and Ghana.

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Lafitani, Siosiua F. P. "Moanan-Tongan fatongia and deontic in Greco-Rome: Fiefia, happiness, of tauelangi, climatic euphoria, and 'alaha kakala, permeating frangrance - Malie! Bravo!" Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2011. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/8e78bdace2a1f80467b43d5252950edb61714c629ed3bc615a70d3a098c34541/3697659/64953_downloaded_stream_178.pdf.

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This dissertation discusses some logical premises or propositions of two themes with their conclusion regarding the traditional Moanan-Tongan fatongia, obligation, and its relation to ancient Greco-Roman deontic, obligation. The premise of the first theme considers fatongia as a worldview, philosophia or weltanschauung, which is embedded in human fundamental values and behaviors like justice, dykaisyn or faitotonu, and democracy, demoskratos or pule'aetokolahi. With the premise of the second theme, it considers fatongia with its specific aim, siate, of fiefia as embedded in human fundamental values and behaviours. The logical conclusion therefore of these two themes with their premises asserts that fatongia as a worldview with its siate of fiefia is implanted in human fundamental values and behaviours. Such a conclusion is philosophically and logically taken as the 'main argument' of this dissertation on the scientific and logical grounds of generalization and deductive-inductive method. So the overall focus then is to scientifically find out and uncover the interrelated facts in Moanan-Tongan and Greco-Roman contexts that can support the two given premises and their conclusion with its main argument. Overall, fiefia is viewed as a psychological and emotional product arising from delivering a particular fatongia, in fair and symmetrical manners, and vice-versa. Moanan-Tongan fatongia as a worldview is metaphorically and aesthetically considered as a social, moral, political, economic or cultural phenomenon that aims to produce fiefia in its divine finale of tauelangi, climactic euphoria, and 'alaha kakala, permeating fragrance. Fiefia is symbolically and artistically equated by Tongans to the psychological and emotional state of attaining the divine climax of tauelangi, and 'alaha kakala.;With 'alaha kakala first of all, the etymology of fatongia is perceived to be stemmed from pandanus plant, fa, with its ripe fragrant fruits, fua'i fa momoho, that are immediately permeated sophisticatedly, tongia, when cutting, tu'usi, or plucking, paki'i. It is a situation which includes 'alaha kakala with its permeating nature when wearing garlands, kahoa kakala, and waist fragrant girdle, sisi kakala, in any performance art, faiva, like dance, faiva haka or tau'olunga and fatongia in a given social function, katoanga. The etymology of tauelangi furthermore appears to be derived from faiva haka in faiva with its specific aim to achieve climactic happiness. So, fiefia plays a very crucial role in the formation and development of Moanan-Tongan fatongia as a worldview since ancient time. Fiefia in Moanan-Tongan culture then is further scientifically observed and examined in relation to the first philosophical interpretation and logically study of happiness, eudaimonia, in obligation, deontic, in Western history and culture by the ancient Greco-Roman philosophers. These are the overall crux of fiefia in Moanan-Tongan fatongia with respect to eudaimonia in Greco-Roman deontic, which may contribute positively to the study of obligation in social policy and academic circles worldwide. This can consolidate too the logical conclusion of this study with its main argument of claiming the worldview of fatongia with its siate of fiefia as embedded in human fundamental values and behaviours at large.

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Juškevičiūtė, Agnė. "Raumenų jėgos ir sąnarių paslankumo pokyčiai taikant kineziterapiją po endoprotezavimo operacijos dėl koksartrozės ir šlaunikaulio kaklo lūžio." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060512_141101-44637.

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Most common joint degeneration disease is coxarthritis. This disease is diagnosed for 5 % of all adults, who are suffering from orthopedic illnesses. Coxarthritis and hip fractures are most often reasons to make joint replacement operations Hip joint endoprosthesis is most successful and economically efficacious of all surgical operations and interventions. About 1 million operations are produced all over the world per year. The hypothesis of this work was raised on considering the endoprosthesis operations situation, i.e. requirement and efficacious of operations, the treatment of the coxarthritis and hip fractures, the great signification of physical therapy on the postoperative stage. Muscle strength and joints mobility depends not only on the type of the hip fracture (traumatic or inflammatory) but also on the strength of hip muscles. The aim of this research was to establish the strength of hip muscles and mobility changes after physical therapy for patients after hip endoprosthesis and hip fractures. The research has been done at the rehabilitation centre UAB “Baldzio Silas” in 2005-2006. 60 patients were involved in this research. They were divided in two groups depending on a reason of the endoprosthesis. The patients were prescribed a complex of kinesitherapeutic means, i.e. curative gymnastic exercises performed for 30-45 minutes twice a day, 5-6 times per week. Measurements of the muscles were made 3 times: first time after operation, after arrival to the... [to full text]

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Jonasson, Fanny, and Amanda Oskarsson. "Att äta kakan och ha den kvar : En studie om universitetsstudenters medvetenhet, attityd, och beteende gällande cookies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387697.

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Cookies är idag ett utbrett fenomen som nyttjas vid digital insamling av information. Informationen som samlas in är ofta av personlig karaktär och används bland annat för att individanpassa användarupplevelser på webbsidor. Ovissheten kring digital insamling av personlig information skapar en oro som idag är mycket omdebatterad. Detta arbete utgörs av en kvantitativ studie med syfte att undersöka möjliga samband mellan universitetsstudenters medvetenhet, attityd och beteende gällande digital insamling av information. Undersökningen består av en onlinebaserad enkät. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats utifrån det teoretiska ramverket Communication Privacy Management (CPM) med hjälp av analysmetoden Partial Least Squares (PLS) samt IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) för att finna relevanta samband. Resultat påvisade att majoriteten universitetsstudenter känner till fenomenet cookies, men färre känner till dess användningsområden. Det konstaterades även att medvetenhet kring cookies har en påverkan på både beteende och attityd. Det fastställdes även att oavsett om universitetsstudenter har en negativ attityd förändras inte dess beteende.
Cookies are a widespread phenomenon and the main technique for digital collection of information. The collected information is often of personal nature and is used, among other things, to personalize user experiences on web pages. The uncertainty regarding digital collection of personal information creates privacy concerns that is significantly debated today. This essay consists of a quantitative study with the aim to investigate possible relations between university students awareness, attitude and behaviour regarding digital collection of information. The survey consist of an online-based poll. The gathered material has been analyzed by the theoretical framework Communication Communication Management (CPM) with the analysis method Partial Least Squares (PLS) and the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to find relevant relations. Results showed that the majority of university students are familiar with the phenomenon of cookies, but few are aware of its area of use. It was also found that awareness of cookies has an influence on both behaviour and attitude. It can be established that regardless of whether university students have a negative or positive attitude regarding cookies, it does not affect their behaviour.

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Svensson, Jessica. "Rättvisemärkts roll i kakaoekonomin i Ghana." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12129.

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Kakaobönderna tillhör några av de fattigaste människorna i världen. En grupp bönder i Ghana insåg att deras förutsättningar skulle förbättras om de samarbetade. Kuapa Kokoo är resultatet, ett kakaokooperativ som grundades när en grupp odlare beslöt sig för att gå samman för att bättre kunna ta del av vad marknaden har att erbjuda. Rättvisemärkt certifierade Kuapa Kokoo, vilket innebar att kakaobönderna nu var delaktiga i Rättvisemärkts mål om att förbättra deras arbets- och levnadsvillkor.

Jag valde att titta närmare på Rättvisemärkt då organisationens verksamhet ofta framställs som något positivt av media. Intervjuer med kakaobönderna tyder på att deras levnadsstandard har förbättrats genom Kuapa Kokoo. Rättvisemärkts arbete har, enligt bönderna, medfört att de nu får en skälig lön, som betalas ut i tid, för sitt arbete; de har pengar till mat; de har råd att skicka sina barn till skolan; råd att betala för sjukvård, och har numera brunnar med rent vatten.

Den här socialantropologiska studien behandlar även kritikernas argument mot Rättvisemärkt. Till skillnad från medias positiva bild av Rättvisemärkt har jag i olika sammanhang även kommit i kontakt med kritiskt inställda människor. Det gjorde mig nyfiken på att se vilka argument kritikerna lägger fram, och om de kan utgöra en skälig grund till att ifrågasätta Rättvisemärkts arbete. Deras slutsats är att konsumenten hjälper utvecklingsländernas befolkning mer genom att inte köpa rättvisemärkta varor.

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Žiupsnienė, Augustė. "Sėdimą darbą dirbančiųjų kaklo, viršutinės nugaros dalies skausmo ir fizinio aktyvumo sąsaja su plaštakos ir pirštų raumenų jėga." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120621_101530-13515.

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Tyrimo problema: Ilgai trunkanti sėdima padėtis prie kompiuterio, kartu su netinkama darbo vietos ergonomika, yra vienos pagrindinių priežasčių, lemiančių kaulų raumenų sistemos skausmų atsiradimą (Janwantakul et al., 2009). Tačiau, ne visada įmanoma pritaikyti darbo vietą pagal ergonominius principus, tinkančius kiekvienam dirbančiajam, ir, kai nesilaikoma darbo vietos ergonominių principų, darbuotojai dažnai būna priversti prisitaikyti prie prastų darbo sąlygų (Ghosh et al., 2010). Dažniausiai yra rekomenduojama pakeisti darbo pobūdį ar darbo aplinką, arba ieškoti būdų, kaip geriau prisitaikyti, pakeičiant darbo padėtį pagal ergonomikos principus (Voerman et al., 2007). Hipotezė: manome, kad ilgai sėdint įsitempia viršutinės nugaros dalies raumenys ir sąlygoja nervų, įnervuojančių ranką, užspaudimą, dėl ko gali sumažėti plaštakos raumenų jėga, bet fiziškai aktyvių asmenų, nors ir dirbančių sėdimą darbą, plaštakos ir pirštų raumenų jėga turėtų būti didesnė, nei fiziškai neaktyvių asmenų. Tyrimo tikslas: nustatyti sėdimą darbą dirbančių kaklinės stuburo ir viršutinės nugaros dalies skausmų ir fizinio aktyvumo sąsajas su plaštakos ir pirštų jėga. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti kaklo ir viršutinės nugaros dalies skausmų paplitimą. 2. Įvertinti sėdimą darbą dirbančių žmonių fizinį aktyvumą. 3. Nustatyti tiriamųjų plaštakos ir pirštų jėgą. 4. Nustatyti koreliacinius ryšius tarp vertintų rodiklių. Tyrimo metodai: buvo apklausiami sėdimą darbą dirbantys asmenys, kurie sėdėdami... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The research issue: prolonged sitting position at work using a computer, along with poor workplace ergonomics is one of the main reasons causing development of musculoskeletal pains (Janwantakul et al., 2009). In case of non – compliance with the principles of workplace ergonomic requirements, employees are often forced to adapt to poor working conditions (Ghosh et al., 2010). In most cases, it is recommended to change the nature of the work or the work environment, or to look for ways to better adapt by changing the working position according to ergonomic principles (Voerman et al., 2007). Testing objective: establish the cervical spine and upper back, pain and physical activity correlation with the dominant hand fingers and hand strength for the sedentary job employees. Tasks of the testing: 1. To establish the neck and upper back pain prevalence. 2. To evaluate the physical activity of the persons engaged in sedentary job. 3. To identify the dominant hand palm and fingers strength. 4. To determine the correlation between the estimated parameters. Hypothesis: it is considered that the hand and finger strength is lower of physically inactive individuals or of the persons engaged in sedentary job as they more often have complaints about the neck and upper back pain, than the sedentary workers, but physically active individuals. The following methods applied: the sedentary job employees have been questioned, who spend sitting at least 4 hours a day and they were... [to full text]

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Wang, Chunhua, and Linda Johansson. "Bolagsstyrningsprincip - Hur ska kakan delas mellan aktieägare och andra intressenter? : En komparativ studie om ägarstruktur och styrelsens påverkan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64461.

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Problembakgrund: Ska ett företags verksamhet drivas för att maximera aktieägarvärde eller tillgodose alla intressenters intressen är en fråga som varit fokus för mycket forskning. Många forskare har undersökt vad som påverkar valet av bolagsstyrningsprincip, där ägarstruktur och styrelsesammansättning har lyfts fram som betydande faktorer. Resultaten är dock motstridiga. Eftersom tidigare forskningar har genomförts i olika länder och under olika tidsperioder finns det en god anledning att undersöka om/hur institutionella förhållanden kan påverka sambandet mellan ägarstruktur/styrelsesammansättning och val av bolagsstyrningsprincip. De institutionella miljöer som avses undersökas är Sverige och Kina. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att förklara sambandet mellan ägarstruktur/styrelsesammansättning och val av bolagsstyrningsprincip samt hur detta samband påverkas av olika institutionella miljöer. Metod: En deduktiv forskningsansats har legat till grund för studien och teorier som använts och applicerats är aktieägarteori, intressentteori, agentteori, upper echelon teori och institutionell teori. Data för denna kvantitativa forskning hämtas huvudsakligen från Datastream, årsredovisningar från svenska och kinesiska börsnoterade företag gällande åren 2013-2015, företagens hemsidor samt ett sammansatt styrelsematerial. Resultat: När den svenska och kinesiska datan testades tillsammans har det inte påvisats något signifikant samband mellan ägarkoncentration, institutionell ägare som störst ägare, andelen oberoende styrelseledamöter, staten som störst ägare, andelen kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och val av bolagsstyrningsprincip. Institutionella förhållanden har inte heller haft någon signifikant påverkan på sambandet mellan ägarstruktur/styrelsesammansättning och val av bolagsstyrningsprincip. När data för respektive land testades separat har det inte påvisats något signifikant samband mellan studiens beroende och oberoende variabler, förutom att det på den kinesiska marknaden har observerats ett signifikant positivt samband mellan andelen oberoende styrelseledamöter och aktieägarorinterat värdeskapande samt mellan staten som största ägare och aktieägarorienterat värdeskapande gällande den svenska marknaden.
Background and problem: Should a company's business be run to maximize shareholder value or meet all stakeholders´ interests is a question that has been the focus of much research. Many researchers have investigated what influences the choice of corporate governance principle, where ownership structure and board composition have been highlighted as significant factors. However, the results are contradictory. Since previous researches have been conducted in different countries and during different periods of time, there is a good reason to investigate whether institutional conditions may affect the relationship between ownership structure / board composition and the choice of corporate governance principle. The institutional environments investigated are Sweden and China. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explain the relationship between ownership structure / board composition and the choice of corporate governance principle and how this relationship is influenced by various institutional environments. Method: A deductive research approach has been the basis of this study and theories used and applied are shareholder theory, stakeholder theory, agent theory, upper echelon theory and institutional theory. Data for this quantitative research is mainly gathered from Datastream, annual reports from Swedish and Chinese listed companies for 2013- 2015, corporate websites and a composite board material. Results: When the Swedish and Chinese data were tested together, there has been no significant correlation between owner concentration, institutional owners as the largest owner, the proportion of independent directors, the state as the largest owner, the proportion of female board members and the choice of corporate governance principle. Institutional conditions have not had a significant effect on the relationship between ownership structure / board composition and the choice of corporate governance principle. When data for each country was tested separately, there has been no significant correlation between the study's dependent and independent variables except that in the Chinese market there has been a significant positive correlation between the percentage of independent directors and shareholder-oriented value creation and between the state as the largest owner and shareholder-oriented value creation concerning the Swedish market.

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Björk, Gabrielle, and Matilda Karlsson. "Effektiv crossmedia - Att äta kakan och ha den kvar : En kvalitativ studie om hur småföretag kan effektivisera sin marknadsföring." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-147990.

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Crossmedia is a phenomenon that is widely used for marketing despite the fact that far from everyone are familiar with the word. Crossmedia has many advantages if used effectively, although this is not always the case. Small business owners are facing many challenges, among which limited time and budget are the most common. Research shows that marketing is a challenge for small businesses and that they often lack concrete plans and strategies. It also suggests that some sort of guidance, for example in the shape of DIY-tools, would be beneficial for small business owners since hiring communication agencies usually is too expensive. Three local small business owners have been interviewed in this study in order to investigate the thoughts they have about marketing and to what extent they use crossmedia. It was found that all respondents use crossmedia to some extent and that all of them experience challenges related to marketing. All respondents also agreed that the need for assistance in marketing exists among small business owners. With this in mind, a checklist has been created as a part of this study to assist small business owners in their marketing practice and help them implement successful use of crossmedia. Surveys have been used to evaluate the checklist and the results show additional support for the thesis that this kind of help is useful for small business owners.

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Wahlen, Chantal. "Att äta kakan och ha den kvar : En studie om språkinlärning vid flerspråkighet och meritpoängens påverkan på elevers språkval." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för lärarutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37267.

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This paper examines language learning, specifically the German language, forstudents with another native language a Swedish. During my teaching I experiencedthat students with another native language than Swedish have more difficulties andless motivation to learn a fourth language. To find out the reason why I sent aquestionnaire to the students learning German and I made interviews with languageteachers at one senior high school. It turned out that multilingualism should ratherbe an advantage for the learning of a fourth language and not as I thought, adisadvantage. To get an answer to my problem formulation I had to continue myresearch. During the teacher interviews the Swedish merit point system came up. Isent a new questionnaire to all the students learning a third or fourth language and Imade an interview with the study career counselor. The results showed clearly thatthe merit point system causes serious problems for the students and for the languageteachers. Students mostly choose to study a modern language just to get the meritpoints and not because they are interested.

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Kadlecová, Zlata. "Analýza výsledků měření propustnosti betonu pro vzduch a vodu jako podklad pro odhad jeho aktuální trvanlivosti." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355626.

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Permeability surface layer of concrete is engaged in many research institutes around the world, because the surface layer is the weakest link in the entire concrete structure. This dissertation followed on the issue of global solutions and broadens the horizon of the covercrete issues. The aim of this work was to create the conversion relations between the methods for evaluating the permeability of concrete surface layer allow approximate evaluation of the surface layer of concrete depending on the current moisture. In practice mostly occur concrete, which surface mass of moisture is equal to 3 %, so this amount of moisture is selected as the reference. For comparison were used: the device TPT (Torrent Permeability Tester), device GWT (Germanns Water Permeability Tester) and methods ISAT (Initial Surface Absorption Test). A secondary aim was to create a unified methodology for measuring the device.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Kakapo'

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