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Journal articles on the topic 'Kakadu National Park'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Skeat, A. J. "Wetland management — Kakadu National Park." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 2 (June 1986): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600004353.

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AbstractThe wetlands of Kakadu National Park have received national and international recognition. Their significance lies in their large size, the great diversity and high biomass of plants and animals which they support, and the level of protection and management afforded them. The management of these wetlands is influenced by many factors including a uranium mine, a range of alien plants and animals, increasing tourism, an environment subject to change, and Aboriginal ownership of part of the land. Maintaining wetland conservation values appropriate to a major national park and a World Heritage area requires considerable research and management and a continued high level of funding.

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2

Friend, G. R., and R. W. Braithwaite. "Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory." Australian Mammalogy 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am86005.

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Bat species recorded during recent CSlRO fauna surveys of Kakadu National Park (1980-83) are documented, together with information on abundance and distribution of species in five habitats. Twenty-one species were detected comprising 12 genera and six families. More species were recorded in the open forest and woodland areas, probably because of their greater structural complexity, the availability of tree hollows as roost sites and the larger area of such habitat in the region. A further four species are known to occur in the Park, bringing the total to 25 species comprising 14 genera and six families. The richness and composition of this assemblage was compared with that of other areas in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of Australia. The Kakadu bat fauna has its strongest affinities with that of the Kimberley region. Specific similarity declines linearly with (direct) distance from Kakadu, but generic similarity shows no significant linear trend. The Kakadu region supports a rich bat fauna, including several species which are regarded as rare or of limited distribution. This has considerable significance for their conservation.

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3

Hill, M. A., and A. J. Press. "Kakadu National Park: An Experiment in Partnership." Australian Quarterly 65, no. 4 (1993): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20635740.

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4

Press, A. J. "The distribution and status of macropods (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory." Australian Mammalogy 11, no. 2 (June 1, 1988): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am88013.

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This study was undertaken to establish the status and distribution of macropods in Kakadu National Park. The study utilised the knowledge of the traditional Aboriginal owners of the park and collected information from field surveys, literature and personal communications. Distribution maps are given and species status is assessed . Macropus agilis, M. antilopinus and M. bernardus are common in Kakadu, although M. bernardus has a restricted distribution. M. robustus is not as common as the other species of Macropus and has a restricted distribution. Petrogale brachyotis is locally abundant while Peradorcas concinna is scarce; both species have restricted distributions. Onychogalea unguifera has been recorded infrequently, and there is only one record of Lagorchestes conspicillatus from Kakadu.

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5

Price, Owen, Andrew Edwards, Greg Connors, John Woinarski, Greg Ryan, Andrew Turner, and Jeremy Russell-Smith. "Fire heterogeneity in Kakadu National Park, 1980 - 2000." Wildlife Research 32, no. 5 (2005): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03043.

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Although it is generally acknowledged that fire-induced heterogeneity is important for maintaining diverse species assemblages in northern Australian savannas, scant relevant data are currently available to examine this proposition. The study takes advantage of a singular, detailed, bidecadal fire history assembled annually for Kakadu National Park to explore relationships between fire-induced heterogeneity and other terrain features. Three patch-based heterogeneity indices were calculated from assembled fire-history data for the central 1-ha cell of a 5 × 5 cell (25 ha) window; that is, at a spatial scale relevant to the home ranges of many small- to medium-sized native mammals. Two of these indices were first calculated separately for each year, employing different metrics based on the extent of burning occurring in the 5 × 5 cell array, and then averaged for each of four consecutive five-year periods and over all years. The third index was calculated as the sum of the coefficients of variation for four fire-regime variability parameters determined likewise for five- and 20-year periods. Assembled data illustrate that (1) fire-induced heterogeneity in Kakadu increased in each successive five-year period from 1981, and (2) when modelled with independent terrain coverages, significant relationships were obtained for all three heterogeneity indices with terrain roughness, distance to roads, and distance to drainage lines.

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6

GILL, A. M., P. G. RYAN, P. H. R. MOORE, and M. GIBSON. "Fire regimes of World Heritage Kakadu National Park., Australia." Austral Ecology 25, no. 6 (December 2000): 616–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2000.tb00067.x.

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7

Asbridge, Emma, and Richard M. Lucas. "Mangrove Response to Environmental Change in Kakadu National Park." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 9, no. 12 (December 2016): 5612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2616449.

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8

Gill, A. M., P. G. Ryan, P. H. R. Moore, and M. Gibson. "Fire regimes of World Heritage Kakadu National Park, Australia." Austral Ecology 25, no. 6 (December 2000): 616–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.2000.01061.x.

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9

Hoffmann, Benjamin D., and Simon O'Connor. "Eradication of two exotic ants from Kakadu National Park." Ecological Management and Restoration 5, no. 2 (August 2004): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2004.00182.x.

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10

Lucas, Richard, C. Max Finlayson, Renee Bartolo, Kerrylee Rogers, Anthea Mitchell, Colin D. Woodroffe, Emma Asbridge, and Emilie Ens. "Historical perspectives on the mangroves of Kakadu National Park." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 7 (2018): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17065.

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Mangroves are a major ecosystem within Kakadu National Park in Australia’s Northern Territory, providing coastal protection, high biodiversity and an important resource for Aboriginal people. In the late Holocene (from c. 6000 before present), mangroves occupied much of the estuarine and coastal plains, but their range has subsequently contracted to the main river systems (the West Alligator, South Alligator and East Alligator Rivers, and the Wildman River), tributary creeks and offshore islands (Field and Barrow Islands). On the basis of maps of mangrove extent generated from aerial photography (1950, 1975, 1984 and 1991), compact airborne spectrographic imagery (CASI; 2002), light detection and ranging (LIDAR; 2011) and RapidEye data (2014 onward), changes in net area have been minor but significant redistribution has occurred, with this being attributed to both inland intrusion and seaward colonisation of mangroves. The greatest area changes have been associated with lower-stature mangroves dominated by Avicennia marina and Sonneratia alba, as determined from these datasets. Aerial surveys, conducted using a remote piloted aircraft (RPA) and fixed wing aircraft in September 2016, showed dieback of mangroves, with spaceborne RapidEye observations suggesting this occurred between late 2015 and 2016 and at the same time as the extensive mangrove losses reported in the Gulf of Carpentaria. Given the recent dieback and the associated need to better monitor and protect mangroves and proximal ecosystems in the World Heritage- and Ramsar-listed Kakadu National Park, the study recommends the development and implementation of a robust and long-term monitoring system that better utilises existing and ongoing earth observation and ground data, and is supported by a national approach.

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11

Davis, Derrin, and Betty Weiler. "Kakadu National Park — conflicts in a world heritage area." Tourism Management 13, no. 3 (September 1992): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(92)90104-f.

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12

Woinarski, J. C. Z., A. Fisher, M. Armstrong, K. Brennan, A. D. Griffiths, B. Hill, J. Low Choy, et al. "Monitoring indicates greater resilience for birds than for mammals in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Wildlife Research 39, no. 5 (2012): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11213.

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Context A previous study reported major declines for native mammal species from Kakadu National Park, over the period 2001–09. The extent to which this result may be symptomatic of more pervasive biodiversity decline was unknown. Aims Our primary aim was to describe trends in the abundance of birds in Kakadu over the period 2001–09. We assessed whether any change in bird abundance was related to the arrival of invading cane toads (Rhinella marina), and to fire regimes. Methods Birds were monitored at 136 1-ha plots in Kakadu, during the period 2001–04 and again in 2007–09. This program complemented sampling of the same plots over the same period for native mammals. Key results In contrast to the decline reported for native mammals, the richness and total abundance of birds increased over this period, and far more individual bird species increased than decreased. Fire history in the between-sampling period had little influence on trends for individual species. Interpretation of the overall positive trends for bird species in Kakadu over this period should be tempered by recognition that most of the threatened bird species present in Kakadu were unrecorded in this monitoring program, and the two threatened species for which there were sufficient records to assess trends – partridge pigeon (Geophaps smithii) and white-throated grass-wren (Amytornis woodwardi) – both declined significantly. Conclusions The current decline of the mammal fauna in this region is not reflected in trends for the region’s bird fauna. Some of the observed changes (mostly increases) in the abundance of bird species may be due to the arrival of cane toads, and some may be due to local or regional-scale climatic variation or variation in the amount of flowering. The present study provides no assurance about threatened bird species, given that most were inadequately recorded in the study (perhaps because their decline pre-dated the present study). Implications These contrasting trends between mammals and birds demonstrate the need for biodiversity monitoring programs to be broadly based. The declines of two threatened bird species over this period indicate the need for more management focus for these species.

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13

Woinarski, JCZ, and RW Braithwaite. "The distributionof terrestrial vertebrates and plants in relation to vegetation and habitat-mapping schemes in Stage III of Kakadu National Park." Wildlife Research 20, no. 3 (1993): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930355.

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The abundance of birds, reptiles and frogs was recorded at 370 quadrats and the abundance of mammals and the basal area of woody plants was recorded at these and a further 10 quadrats in Stage I11 of Kakadu National Park. Patterns in the distribution of these species were related to two environmental mapping schemes. The more specific and localised of these was a 1 : 100 000 habitat map for Kakadu National Park, established by Schodde et al. (1987), based on environmental attributes considered to be significant for the distribution of wildlife species: floristics, vegetation structure, substrate and landscape position. The more generalised scheme was that of Wilson et a[. (1991), which mapped vegetation communities at a 1:1 000 000 scale across the Northern Territory. The distributions of assemblages of plant, all vertebrate, bird and reptile species were strongly associated with the distributions of both Schodde habitats and Wilson vegetation units. The associations were less good, but still highly significant, for distributions of native mammal and frog assemblages. Patterns in the similarity of species composition between the different habitats or vegetation units varied between different animal and plant groups. Similarity in vertebrate species composition was high between most sandstone habitats. Floristic similarity was high between woodland habitats on different substrates. Melaleuca open forests were distinct from other vegetation units in their composition of bird, frog, reptile and plant species. Mammal species composition divided the vegetation units into an upland rocky group and a lowland group. The distribution and abundance of most individual animal species were significantly related to the habitat or floristic unit divisions. This association was clearer for species recorded from at least 20 quadrats than for those recorded from 6-19 quadrats. For the latter group of species, association was more apparent with the Schodde habitat scheme than with the Wilson vegetation classification. The proportion of native mammals that showed significant associations with either classification was smaller than that for birds and reptites. The generally significant associations between distributions of individual species and the mapping of defined habitats suggests that the Schodde scheme offers a useful template for predicting species distributions within Stage 111 of Kakadu. However, the restriction of this habitat mapping to the Kakadu area renders this scheme inapplicable for the prediction of distributions beyond Kakadu, and therefore handicaps the assessment of the wildlife value of Kakadu National Park in a regional context. The Wilson vegetation map can be used to extrapolate distributions beyond Kakadu, but because that ~lassification scheme includes many vegetation units that were not sampled within the Kakadu area the predicted distribution in this case will be very incomplete.

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14

Bridgewater, Peter B., Jeremy Russell-Smith, and Ian D. Cresswell. "Vegetation science in a cultural landscape the case of Kakadu National Park." Phytocoenologia 28, no. 1 (March 24, 1998): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/phyto/28/1998/67.

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15

Petty, Aaron M., Patricia A. Werner, Caroline E. R. Lehmann, Jan E. Riley, Daniel S. Banfai, and Louis P. Elliott. "SAVANNA RESPONSES TO FERAL BUFFALO IN KAKADU NATIONAL PARK, AUSTRALIA." Ecological Monographs 77, no. 3 (August 2007): 441–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1599.1.

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16

Harris, David. "Archaeological Research in Kakadu National Park by Rhys Jones (ed)." Australian Archaeology 24, no. 1 (June 1, 1987): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.1987.12093114.

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17

Dutra, Leo X. C., Peter Bayliss, Sandra McGregor, Peter Christophersen, Kelly Scheepers, Emma Woodward, Emma Ligtermoet, and Lizandra F. C. Melo. "Understanding climate-change adaptation on Kakadu National Park, using a combined diagnostic and modelling framework: a case study at Yellow Water wetland." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 7 (2018): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16166.

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This paper describes a semi-quantitative approach for the assessment of sea-level rise (SLR) impacts on social–ecological systems (SES), using Yellow Water wetland on Kakadu National Park as a case study. The approach includes the application of a diagnostic framework to portray the existing SES configuration, including governance structures, in combination with qualitative modelling and Bayesian belief networks. Although SLR is predicted to cause saltwater inundation of freshwater ecosystems, cultural sites and built infrastructure, our study suggested that it may provide also an opportunity to bring together Indigenous and non-Indigenous knowledge and governance systems, towards a commonly perceived threat. Where feasible, mitigation actions such as levees may be required to manage local SLR impacts to protect important freshwater values. In contrast, adaptation will require strategies that facilitate participation by Kakadu Bininj (the Aboriginal people of Kakadu National Park) in research and monitoring programs that enhance understanding of salinity impacts and the adaptive capacity to respond to reasonably rapid, profound and irreversible future landscape-scale changes.

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18

Andersen, Alan N., Lyn M. Lowe, and D. C. F. Rentz. "The grasshopper (Orthoptera : Acridoidea, Eumastacoidea and Tettigonioidea) fauna of Kakadu National Park in the Australian seasonal tropics: biogeography, habitat associations and functional groups." Australian Journal of Zoology 48, no. 4 (2000): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00039.

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Grasshoppers are a diverse and functionally important group of insects, but assemblages of Australian grasshoppers are extremely poorly known. This study of the grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Acrididae, Eumastacidae, Pyrgomorphidae, Tridactylidae, Tetrigidae and Tettigoniidae) of Kakadu National Park in the seasonal tropics of the Northern Territory is the first comprehensive description of any regional grasshopper fauna in Australia. We list all known species, describe their biogeography, habitat associations and abundance, and propose a functional group classification for Australian grasshoppers as a framework for future ecological and biogeographical studies. In all, 161 grasshopper species from 90 genera are known from Kakadu. The dominant family is Acrididae (64% of all genera, 63% of all species), within which the subfamily Catantopinae (44% of all grasshopper genera, 47% species) is particularly important, as is typical for Australia. The Tettigoniidae is also relatively diverse, with 35 species from 16 genera. A large proportion of the fauna – 81 species (50%) and 15 genera (17%) – is undescribed. In total, 86% of Kakadu’s species and 73% of genera are endemic to Australia. Many (42%) of the species are endemic to the northern half of the Northern Territory, and most of the others (36% of total species) have their Australian distributions restricted to the tropics. The major functional groups in terms of species are Grass-eating Acrididae and Pyrgomorphidae (33% total species), Broadleaf-eating Acrididae and Pyrgomorphidae (19%) and Open-ground Acrididae and Pyrgomorphidae (12%). There is a widespread macroecological tendency for locally abundant species to have wide geographic ranges, but there was no consistent trend for locally abundant species in Kakadu to have widespread distributions.

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Firth, Ronald S. C., Elizabeth Jefferys, John C. Z. Woinarski, and Richard A. Noske. "The diet of the brush-tailed rabbit-rat (Conilurus penicillatus) from the monsoonal tropics of the Northern Territory, Australia." Wildlife Research 32, no. 6 (2005): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04127.

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The diet of the brush-tailed rabbit-rat (Conilurus penicillatus) was assessed by microscopic analysis of faecal samples from 35 individuals collected from three different sites in the Northern Territory (Garig Gunak Barlu National Park (Cobourg Peninsula), Kakadu National Park and Melville Island) at various times of the year during 2000–02. Seed was the most abundant item in the overall diet of C. penicillatus, making up 68% of identifiable particles, with smaller proportions contributed by leaves (21%), plant stems (8%) and insects (2%). ANOSIM tests revealed no difference in diet between the sexes and seasons, but there was a significant difference in the diet between the sites, with seed material present in 74% of the samples from Cobourg and in 62% and 58% of samples from Kakadu and Melville respectively. Leaf matter was present in 19% of samples from Cobourg and in 26% and 24% of samples from Kakadu and Melville respectively. Stem material was present in only 6% of samples from Cobourg and in 8% and 13% of samples from Kakadu and Melville respectively. Insect matter was present in small quantities across all three sites. The high proportion of seed in the diet suggests that C. penicillatus is primarily granivorous.

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20

Aplin, Graeme. "Kakadu National Park World Heritage Site: Deconstructing the Debate, 1997-2003." Australian Geographical Studies 42, no. 2 (July 2004): 152–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.2004.00258.x.

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21

Fraser, By Fiona, Violet Lawson, Scott Morrison, Peter Christophersen, Sandra McGreggor, and Margaret Rawlinson. "Fire management experiment for the declining Partridge Pigeon, Kakadu National Park." Ecological Management and Restoration 4, no. 2 (August 2003): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-8903.2003.00142.x.

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22

Williams, Richard J., and Michael Douglas. "Windthrow in a tropical savanna in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 11, no. 4 (November 1995): 547–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646740000910x.

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ABSTRACTWindthrow was assessed following a convective storm in a stand of tropical savanna in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia. Over an area of 3 ha, 79 out of 810 trees (9.8%) were damaged; 27 of them were either uprooted or snapped off at the trunk. Logistic regression showed that both species and tree height were significant determinants of the probability of wind damage. Branch loss and either uprooting or trunk snapping was highest in the canopy sub-dominant Eucalyptus porrecta. Damage was lowest in the sub-dominant trees Erythrophleum chlorostachys, a species which is relatively resistant to termite damage, and Terminalia ferdinandiana, a deciduous species which is generally shorter than the main canopy dominants. Damage was intermediate in the two most common canopy dominants, Eucalyptus tetrodonta and E. miniata. Wind damage was greatest in trees taller than 9 m and relatively minor in trees below this height. Wind disturbs savanna trees in a manner opposite to that of fire, because wind damage is greatest in taller trees, whereas fire damage is greatest in smaller trees. This, coupled with significant within-patch variability in the extent of wind damage, may act to increase small-scale environmental heterogeneity in savannas.

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23

Cowie, I. D., and P. A. Werner. "Alien plant species invasive in Kakadu National Park, tropical Northern Australia." Biological Conservation 63, no. 2 (1993): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(93)90500-z.

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24

Pusey, Bradley J., Mark J. Kennard, Helen K. Larson, Quentin Alsop, Michael Hammer, and Duncan J. Buckle. "Estuarine fishes of the South Alligator River, Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 12 (2016): 1797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15221.

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Estuaries are recognised globally as areas of high production, diversity and high economic value. Exploitation of the economic potential of estuaries and attendant infrastructural development plus expansion of human populations has resulted in degradation of estuaries worldwide. Many estuaries of northern Australia, in contrast, remain in good ecological condition. The estuarine fish fauna of the South Alligator River, Kakadu region of northern Australia was investigated to determine seasonal and spatial variation in composition. Beam trawls were used at 94 locations over the wet and dry seasons of 2012. In total, 81 taxa were collected, 26 of which had not previously been recorded in the river. Sciaenidae and Engraulidae dominated species richness and abundance. Samples were heterogeneous in terms of composition and abundance in a manner unrelated to any measured aspect of the habitat over which trawls occurred. Species richness was higher in the lower estuary than the upper estuary and more species were detected during the wet season. Turnover in assemblage structure between sampling occasions was associated with seasonal variation in discharge concordant with changes in salinity and potentially productivity. Compositional variation was largely ascribed to differential spawning phenology of adults and tolerance to fluctuating salinity. The Kakadu region supports a rich fish fauna moderately distinct from that observed elsewhere in the Northern Territory. Pronounced temporal turnover in assemblage structure and spatial variation at a variety of scales (i.e. within samples, and within and between rivers) collectively pose a challenge to management in light of ongoing and proposed development of the water resources of northern Australia, including its estuaries.

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Bayliss, Peter, Kate Saunders, Leo X. C. Dutra, Lizandra F. C. Melo, James Hilton, Mahesh Prakash, and Fletcher Woolard. "Assessing sea level-rise risks to coastal floodplains in the Kakadu Region, northern Australia, using a tidally driven hydrodynamic model." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 7 (2018): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16049.

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The low-lying coastal floodplains of the Kakadu Region in tropical northern Australia encompass World Heritage Kakadu National Park and are highly vulnerable to future sea level-rise (SLR) and extreme weather events, yet there are no modelling tools to assess potential impacts of saltwater inundation (SWI) on freshwater ecosystems and to evaluate future management options. A tidally driven hydrodynamic model was developed to simulate the frequency and extent of SWI in the Kakadu Region for the following four mean SLR scenarios: 0m (present-day, 2013); 0.14m (2030); 0.70m (2070); and 1.1m (2100). Simulations were undertaken at 60-m spatial resolution using October dry-season tides, and a digital elevation model (0.10-m vertical resolution) constructed from LiDAR point cloud data was used to resolve coastal and river-system terrains. Model outputs (maximum extent and frequency of SWI) were used to assess potential loss of freshwater floodplains for each scenario at a park-wide scale and for three case-study areas that differ in tidal influence. Results show little loss by 2030 (–3%), a possible threshold effect by 2070 (–42%) and ameliorating after 2100 (–65%). Although freshwater floodplains further from the coast showed least exposure to simulated SLR, indicating potential refuge areas, all floodplains on Kakadu will be exposed to SWI by 2132 (+117 years).

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Hogan, Alicia, Mika Peck, Rick Dam, and Rod Kennett. "Screening for endocrine disrupting activity in surface waters of Kakadu National Park." Ecological Management and Restoration 6, no. 3 (December 2005): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2005.239-4.x.

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Cook, G. D., D. M. Price, and C. D. Woodroffe. "Late Quaternary Alluviation Along Intermittent Streams in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory." Australian Geographer 31, no. 2 (July 2000): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713612248.

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May, Sally K., Jillian Huntley, Melissa Marshall, Emily Miller, John A. Hayward, Andrea Jalandoni, Joakim Goldhahn, et al. "New Insights into the Rock Art of Anbangbang Gallery, Kakadu National Park." Journal of Field Archaeology 45, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2019.1698883.

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Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Jay Evans, Andrew C. Edwards, and Anthony Simms. "Assessing ecological performance thresholds in fire-prone Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Ecosphere 8, no. 7 (July 2017): e01856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1856.

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30

Stokeld, Danielle, Alaric Fisher, Tim Gentles, Brydie Hill, Barbara Triggs, John C. Z. Woinarski, and Graeme R. Gillespie. "What do predator diets tell us about mammal declines in Kakadu National Park?" Wildlife Research 45, no. 1 (2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17101.

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Context Small- and medium-sized native mammals have suffered severe declines in much of northern Australia, including within protected areas such as Kakadu National Park. Several factors have been implicated in these declines but predation, particularly by feral cats (Felis catus), has been identified as potentially the most direct cause of decline for many species. Aims We evaluated how prey frequency changed in cat and dingo scats in Kakadu from the early 1980s to 2013–15, with this period spanning a severe decline in the small- and medium-sized mammal fauna. Methods Chi-square test of independence and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare prey frequencies between dingoes and cats, and among years to assess significance of temporal change. Key results Small-sized native mammals were the prey item occurring at the highest frequency in scats for both dingoes and cats in the 1980s. Prey content in dingo and cat scats differed in the 2010s with macropods predominating in the scats of dingoes, and medium-sized native mammals predominating in cat scats. The frequency of occurrence of small-sized native mammals declined in both dingo and cat scats between the 1980s and 2010 sampling periods, while the frequency of occurrence of medium-sized native mammals remained constant in dingo scats and increased in cat scats. Conclusions Small mammals were a major component of the diets of both dingoes and cats in Kakadu in the 1980s, when small mammals were much more abundant. Despite marked reduction from the 1980s to the 2010s in the capture rates of both small- and medium-sized native mammals, some species continue to persist in the diets of cats and dingoes at disproportionally high frequencies. Both predators continue to exert predatory pressure on mammal populations that have already experienced substantial declines. Implications Although predation by feral cats is a major threat to small- and medium-sized native mammals, dingoes may also play an important role in limiting their recovery. Disturbance from fire and grazing by introduced herbivores has been shown to augment predatory impacts of feral cats on native mammals. Predation more generally, not just by feral cats, may be exacerbated by these disturbance processes. Management programs that solely focus on mitigating the impact of feral cats to benefit threatened species may be inadequate in landscapes with other significant disturbance regimes and populations of predators.

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Boyden, Wurm, Joyce, and Boggs. "Spatial Dynamics of Invasive Para Grass on a Monsoonal Floodplain, Kakadu National Park, Northern Australia." Remote Sensing 11, no. 18 (September 6, 2019): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11182090.

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African para grass (Urochloa mutica) is an invasive weed that has become prevalent across many important freshwater wetlands of the world. In northern Australia, including the World Heritage landscape of Kakadu National Park (KNP), its dense cover can displace ecologically, genetically and culturally significant species, such as the Australian native rice (Oryza spp.). In regions under management for biodiversity conservation para grass is often beyond eradication. However, its targeted control is also necessary to manage and preserve site-specific wetland values. This requires an understanding of para grass spread-patterns and its potential impacts on valuable native vegetation. We apply a multi-scale approach to examine the spatial dynamics and impact of para grass cover across a 181 km2 floodplain of KNP. First, we measure the overall displacement of different native vegetation communities across the floodplain from 1986 to 2006. Using high spatial resolution satellite imagery in conjunction with historical aerial-photo mapping, we then measure finer-scale, inter-annual, changes between successive dry seasons from 1990 to 2010 (for a 48 km2 focus area); Para grass presence-absence maps from satellite imagery (2002 to 2010) were produced with an object-based machine-learning approach (stochastic gradient boosting). Changes, over time, in mapped para grass areas were then related to maps of depth-habitat and inter-annual fire histories. Para grass invasion and establishment patterns varied greatly in time and space. Wild rice communities were the most frequently invaded, but the establishment and persistence of para grass fluctuated greatly between years, even within previously invaded communities. However, these different patterns were also shown to vary with different depth-habitat and recent fire history. These dynamics have not been previously documented and this understanding presents opportunities for intensive para grass management in areas of high conservation value, such as those occupied by wild rice.

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Brock, Paul D., and Lyn Lowe. "A Study of Stick-Insects (Phasmida) from Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia." Journal of Orthoptera Research, no. 7 (December 1998): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3503496.

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Shine, Denis, Marshall Melissa, Wright Duncan, Tim Denham, Peter Hiscock, Geraldine Jacobsen, and Sean-Paul Stephens. "The archaeology of Bindjarran rockshelter in Manilikarr Country, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory." Australian Archaeology 80, no. 1 (June 2015): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.2015.11682050.

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34

Twining, John R., Scott J. Markich, Kathryn E. Prince, and Ross A. Jeffree. "Osteoderms of Estuarine Crocodiles Record Their Enhanced Pb Exposure in Kakadu National Park." Environmental Science & Technology 33, no. 24 (December 1999): 4396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9904787.

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Lonsdale, W. M., and A. M. Lane. "Tourist vehicles as vectors of weed seeds in Kakadu National Park, Northern Australia." Biological Conservation 69, no. 3 (1994): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(94)90427-8.

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Banfai, Daniel S., and David M. J. S. Bowman. "Forty years of lowland monsoon rainforest expansion in Kakadu National Park, Northern Australia." Biological Conservation 131, no. 4 (September 2006): 553–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.002.

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Pettit, N. E., P. Bayliss, and R. Bartolo. "Dynamics of plant communities and the impact of saltwater intrusion on the floodplains of Kakadu National Park." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 7 (2018): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16148.

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The distribution of vegetation communities on floodplains within Kakadu National Park, in tropical northern Australia, is related to micro-topography and, therefore, water depth and duration of flooding. Floodplains of the Kakadu Region, because of their proximity to the coast, are most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, with saltwater intrusion, as a result of sea-level rise, being a serious risk. Our main objectives were to determine the variability of the distribution of plant communities on the floodplains and understand the potential risk of increased saltwater intrusion to these communities. We present data on the natural salinity-tolerance range of selected floodplain plants and discuss the likely effects of saltwater intrusion on floodplain plant distributions and productivity. The results of change analysis using high spatial-resolution satellite data showed the importance of the variation of water availability in determining patterns of plant communities. Hydrodynamic modelling suggests that sea level rises will result in 40% of the floodplain transformed into saline habitats by 2070. The most obvious effect of this would be the conversion of the freshwater vegetation to salt-tolerant mangroves and other salt-marsh plants, with a concomitant change in animals and their use of these areas.

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Lafay, Bénédicte, and Jeremy J. Burdon. "Molecular Diversity of Legume Root-Nodule Bacteria in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia." PLoS ONE 2, no. 3 (March 7, 2007): e277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000277.

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Stephenson, Sarah A., Tiffanie M. Nelson, Claire Streten, Karen S. Gibb, David Williams, Paul Greenfield, and Anthony A. Chariton. "Sea-level rise in northern Australia's Kakadu National Park: a survey of floodplain eukaryotes." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 7 (2018): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18067.

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Forecasted climate-change models predict that much of northern Australia’s coastal habitats will be in retreat because of saltwater intrusion (SWI) from sea-level rise. A region of primary concern is the nutrient-rich and biodiverse floodplains of world heritage-listed Kakadu National Park (KNP). To understand the implications of SWI, we need fundamental baseline information for floodplain biota from the South Alligator River, KNP, northern Australia, and informative data on how increased and prolonged exposure to salt is likely to shape the eukaryotic community. To assist in addressing these key knowledge gaps, we used amplicon sequencing to examine the composition of eukaryotic soil communities from the South Alligator River floodplain, an ecologically important area at the ‘coalface’ of sea-level rise. Samples were obtained from three river zones and three floodplain morphologies, capturing a wide range of habitats and episodic exposures to both saltwater and freshwater. We found that both the floodplain morphology and positioning along the river significantly influenced eukaryotic composition. However, the influence of these variables varied greatly among the floodplain morphologies, with correlative evidence suggesting that both salinity and pH played a dominant role in shaping communities within lower parts of the floodplain, with this being particularly evident in those regions subjected to major tidal influence (estuarine funnel and sinuous, and cuspate).

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Asbridge, E. F., R. Bartolo, C. M. Finlayson, R. M. Lucas, K. Rogers, and C. D. Woodroffe. "Assessing the distribution and drivers of mangrove dieback in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 228 (November 2019): 106353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106353.

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Woinarski, J. C. Z., M. Armstrong, K. Brennan, A. Fisher, A. D. Griffiths, B. Hill, D. J. Milne, et al. "Monitoring indicates rapid and severe decline of native small mammals in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Wildlife Research 37, no. 2 (2010): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr09125.

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Context. Australia has a lamentable history of mammal extinctions. Until recently, the mammal fauna of northern Australia was presumed to have been spared such loss, and to be relatively intact and stable. However, several recent studies have suggested that this mammal fauna may be undergoing some decline, so a targeted monitoring program was established in northern Australia’s largest and best-resourced conservation reserve. Aims. The present study aims to detect change in the native small-mammal fauna of Kakadu National Park, in the monsoonal tropics of northern Australia, over the period of 1996–2009, through an extensive monitoring program, and to consider factors that may have contributed to any observed change. Methods. The small-mammal fauna was sampled in a consistent manner across a set of plots established to represent the environmental variation and fire regimes of Kakadu. Fifteen plots were sampled three times, 121 plots sampled twice and 39 plots once. Resampling was typically at 5-yearly intervals. Analysis used regression (of abundance against date), and Wilcoxon matched-pairs tests to assess change. For resampled plots, change in abundance of mammals was related to fire frequency in the between-sampling period. Key results. A total of 25 small mammal species was recorded. Plot-level species richness and total abundance decreased significantly, by 54% and 71%, respectively, over the course of the study. The abundance of 10 species declined significantly, whereas no species increased in abundance significantly. The number of ‘empty’ plots increased from 13% in 1996 to 55% in 2009. For 136 plots sampled in 2001–04 and again in 2007–09, species richness declined by 65% and the total number of individuals declined by 75%. Across plots, the extent of decline increased with increasing frequency of fire. The most marked declines were for northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus, fawn antechinus, Antechinus bellus, northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula, and pale field-rat, Rattus tunneyi. Conclusions. The native mammal fauna of Kakadu National Park is in rapid and severe decline. The cause(s) of this decline are not entirely clear, and may vary among species. The most plausible causes are too frequent fire, predation by feral cats and invasion by cane toads (affecting particularly one native mammal species). Implications. The present study has demonstrated a major decline in a key conservation reserve, suggesting that the mammal fauna of northern Australia may now be undergoing a decline comparable to the losses previously occurring elsewhere in Australia. These results suggest that there is a major and urgent conservation imperative to more precisely identify, and more effectively manage, the threats to this mammal fauna.

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Brady, Christopher, Peter Christophersen, and Justin O'Brien. "Incorporating Indigenous knowledge in mine closure: Ranger Uranium Mine." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 133, no. 1 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs21003.

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The Ranger Project Area, located on the lands of the Mirarr clan, is surrounded by Kakadu National Park. After 40 years of uranium production at Ranger Mine, rehabilitation has begun, with a commitment that the land will be restored to a standard such that it could be incorporated into Kakadu National Park. Historically, mine closure has not been done well in the Northern Territory, and little if any consideration has been given to the views of Aboriginal landowners. An Aboriginal perspective of country recognises the interrelationship, via local kinship and moiety systems, of all things – the rocks, plants, animals, people, stories, weather, ceremonies and tradition. There is an opportunity for this worldview to be incorporated into the rehabilitation of Ranger Mine. The mine’s operator ERA (a subsidiary of Rio Tinto) has agreed to Cultural Closure Criteria that reflect a desire of Bininj (Aboriginal people from the region) to again use the land for hunting and gathering, recreation and cultural practice. Allowing Aboriginal people to have input to rehabilitation planning demonstrates a respect for people’s knowledge and connection to country. At Ranger, where the mine was imposed against the wishes of the traditional owners, this is an important step in a return to stewardship of this land and reconnecting people to place.

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Nelson, Tiffanie M., Claire Streten, Karen S. Gibb, and Anthony A. Chariton. "Bacteria in tropical floodplain soils are sensitive to changes in saltwater." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 7 (2018): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16033.

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Bacterial communities in floodplain and wetland soils cycle elements essential for flora and fauna. The coastal habitats of northern Australia are threatened with increasing saltwater intrusion (SWI) events that will destroy freshwater habitats. The effect of the impending SWI on bacterial communities is unknown. Here, we examined the bacterial communities of a tropical river floodplain located in World Heritage Kakadu National Park. Using 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing, we measured the baseline bacterial communities from three morphologically distinct regions of the floodplain (lower, upper and backwater swamp), within three zones of the South Alligator River (upstream, cuspate and estuarine funnel or sinuous). Significant differences in the bacterial community were observed at each category of floodplain morphology and river zone. The greatest differences were due to pH and salinity. Large changes in bacterial compositions are predicted to occur with increases in salinity and pH. Saltwater intrusion is predicted to increase substantially in the next decades with sea-level rise, and is likely to cause large and significant changes to the bacterial community with unknown consequences for biogeochemical cycling. Kakadu National Park may benefit from incorporating bacteria into routine studies, because we have shown here that they are sensitive indicators of change, even across small ranges of abiotic variables.

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Brennan, Kym, Christopher T. Martine, and D. E. Symon. "Solanum sejunctum' (solanaceae), a new functionally dioecious species from Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia." Beagle : Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 22 (December 2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.287419.

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GILL, A. M., P. H. R. MOORE, and R. J. WILLIAMS. "Fire weather in the wet-dry tropics of the World Heritage Kakadu National Park, Australia." Austral Ecology 21, no. 3 (September 1996): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.1996.tb00612.x.

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Banfai, Daniel S., Barry W. Brook, and David M. J. S. Bowman. "Multiscale modelling of the drivers of rainforest boundary dynamics in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Diversity and Distributions 13, no. 6 (June 1, 2007): 680–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00371.x.

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Palmer, Lisa. "Fishing Lifestyles: 'Territorians', Traditional Owners and the Management of Recreational Fishing in Kakadu National Park." Australian Geographical Studies 42, no. 1 (March 2004): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.2004.00243.x.

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Andersen, Alan N., J. A. Ludwig, Lyn M. Lowe, and D. C. F. Rentz. "Grasshopper biodiversity and bioindicators in Australian tropical savannas: Responses to disturbance in Kakadu National Park." Austral Ecology 26, no. 3 (June 2001): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.2001.01106.x.

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Woinarski, J. C. Z., D. J. Milne, and G. Wanganeen. "Changes in mammal populations in relatively intact landscapes of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia." Austral Ecology 26, no. 4 (August 2001): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.2001.01121.x.

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Woinarski, J. C. Z., A. J. Press, and J. Russell-Smith. "The Bird Community of a Sandstone Plateau Monsoon Forest at Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory." Emu - Austral Ornithology 89, no. 4 (December 1989): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9890223.

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