Academic literature on the topic 'Købmænd'

Holland var i 1600- og 1700-tallet et nordeuropæisk centrum for handelen med varer fra de oversøiske kolonier, og mange jyske købmænd fik varer direkte fra Holland via havnene på den sydvestjyske kyst. Toldregnskaberne fra 1700-tallet er en glimrende kilde til visse aspekter af denne handel, mens andre spørgsmål lades åbne. Her kan man i stedet hente hjælp i de sjældne personlige beretninger, der findes fra tiden. En af dem er den østjyske købmand Rasmus Toxens optegnelser, som i denne artikel tages som udgangspunkt for en skildring af kontakten mellem den jyske provins og et af verdenshandelens centre.

This article investigates the function of trade in the representation of Muslims and Islamic culture in Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron (1348-52). It is argued that trade establishes friendly contacts across religious and cultural differences, that the image of Muslims is less condemning than is case of Boccaccio’s contemporaries Dante and Petrarch, and that the Oriental world is represented as a place in which the Christians become rich and successful. Sometimes the Muslim world is indirectly represented as a place from which a critical view of Europe can be thrown. The article analyses two stories in particular: the second day’s seventh story about Saracen princess Alatiel who, despite having had sex ten thousand times with eight lovers, successfully presents herself to the King of the Algarve as his virgin bride, and the seventh day’s ninth story about Zinevra who escapes from her revengeful husband and travels to Aleksandria disguised as a male merchant. In different ways the stories merge sexual and trade logic. Boccaccio’s stories are not considered as realistic sources to get knowledge about the medieval world, but the article argues that geographical references to medieval trade centres and routes show that the stories are influenced by the merchant culture thematically and structurally.

Abstract Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OVC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer. The 5-year survival rate of OVC in Europe is 47% and in Denmark it is only 41%, indicating need for identifying novel efficient treatments. More than 75% of ovarian cancers are characterized as high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), and almost all HGSC patients experience recurrence and development of platinum-taxane treatment resistance. Here we established a drug screening and evaluation platform using HGSC cell lines and patient organoid samples in 3D cultures for testing drugs approved for treatment of different types of cancer and other diseases.Materials and methods: The drugs tested in this project have been selected according to screenings of the NCI Approved Oncology Drugs library and the Prestwick chemical library® on MCF7, LR-MT2, and SKOV3 cells, analyzing for change in lysosomal localization. The selected drugs were tested as monotherapy or in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel, and drug responses in standard culture medium were compared to human plasma-like medium (PlasmaX™, XimBio). Drug responses were evaluated with two relatively platinum-resistant cell lines of HGSC representing different genetic backgrounds: OVSAHO and OVCAR3. In addition, promising drug candidates were tested on patient organoids, which were established from tissues collected from OVC patients and grown as 3-dimensional (3D) ex vivo long-term tumor organoid cultures as part of the DECIDER project (https://www.deciderproject.eu/, NCT04846933). Invasive growth and cell death was assessed by high-throughput imaging using the ImageXpress Confocal microscope (Molecular Devices). Image analysis was performed using MetaXpress software. Viable and reliable xenotransplant models of OVSAHO and OVCAR3 were established by rederiving the original cell lines (Permission no: 2018-15-0201-01391). Results: This screening identified several interesting drug candidates from both the NCI Approved Oncology Drugs library and the Prestwick chemical library® that show promising induction of cell death and/or inhibition of growth. Most promising was an anti-inflammatory agent, which induced more than 80% cell death in the OVSAHO cell line at a concentration of 5 uM. Interestingly, some drugs induced significantly different responses in human plasma-like medium (HPLM) compared to the standard culture medium, while others were not affected, and some drugs also showed interaction with carboplatin and/or paclitaxel. Mouse models of xenotransplants have been established for future experiments. Conclusion: We have identified promising drug candidates that could serve as alternative treatment for platinum-resistant HGSC. This study is supported by Fabrikant Chas. Otzen´s Fond, Købmand Niels Erik Munk Pedersen Fonden, and by the Horizon2020 project DECIDER (grant no. 965193). Citation Format: Marie L. Bay, Aikaterini Skorda, Benita S. Rasmussen, Jaume R. Arias, Anna R. Lauridsen, Kaisa Huhtinen, Sampsa Hautaniemi, Johanna Hynninen, Tuula Kallunki. Screening of drug candidates to repurpose for high-grade serous ovarian cancer treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Ovarian Cancer; 2023 Oct 5-7; Boston, Massachusetts. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(5 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B027.

Artiklens empiriske materiale stammer fra forfatterens feltarbejde fra 2013 og 2014 i et åbent og to lukkede danske fængsler, hvor hun deltog i tre programafviklinger af vredeskontrolprogrammet „Anger Management“ og foretog fokusgruppeinterview og enkeltinterviews med deltagere samt enkeltinterviews med instruktørerne. Artiklen knytter an til antropologisk voldsforskning ved at inddrage deltagernes perspektiver og positioneringer og fokusere på henholdsvis instruktørernes og deltagernes forståelser af vold og konflikt. Det bærende spørgsmål i artiklen er dermed, hvordan vold fremstilles og forhandles i programmet Anger Management. Afledt af dette spørgsmål viser artiklen, hvordan deltagerne positionerer sig efter bestemte maskulinitetsnormer, som står i opposition til programmet. Deltagernes og instruktørernes forskellige perspektiver på vold i Anger Management ender i kontinuerlige horisontsammenstød, hvor definitionen af henholdsvis legitim og ikke-legitim vold er på spil. Deltagerne forsøger at definere nogle former for vold som legitime, mens de i andre situationer tager afstand fra vold. Instruktørerne stempler derimod alle former for vold som uacceptable og som resultat af fejlagtige tankemønstre, hvilket udelukker kontekstuelle, sociale og strukturelle forklaringer. Artiklen konkluderer, at sammenstødet mellem forskellige rationali teter og instruktørernes insisteren på at arbejde med konstruerede eller irrelevante situationer fra fængslet kan være en begrænsning for programmernes mulighed for at „behandle“ og forebygge vold. Søgeord: Anger Management, vold, behandling, fængsler, kognitive færdighedsprogrammer

Denne artikel belyser, hvorledes ældre borgere bosiddende i sønderjyske landområdernavigerer mellem et eksplicit ideal om autonomi eller om ikke at ligge232andre til last og et lige så eksplicit ideal om at være der for og hjælpe hinanden ilokalområdet. Blandt ældre respondenter i den undersøgelse, artiklen bygger på,var idealet om autonomi eller den stoiske stolthed ved at klare sig selv afspejletbåde i lave forventninger til politiske løsninger på infrastrukturelle udfordringerog i den betydning, en lokal købmand tilskrives for en landsbys selvopretholdelse.Endelig understregede respondenterne igen og igen, at man ikke børligge hverken familiemedlemmer eller jævnaldrende venner til last. Samtidigfremhævede respondenterne nærmest enstemmigt fællesskabet og det, at mankendte hinanden, som den største fordel ved at bo i landområder/små landsbyer.Artiklen belyser, hvorledes det stærke ideal om autonomi kombineret med forskelligeformer for social deltagelse for de ældre respondenter udgjorde kilder tilopretholdelse af stabile selvidentiteter i sene leveår, der ellers kan være prægetaf forskellige former for forandring.

Maximal exercise is associated with a reduced O2 saturation of arterial haemoglobin (SaO2). We evaluated the effect of pH in the reduction of SaO2 during maximal exercise by attenuating the metabolic acidosis with intravenous administration of bicarbonate. Eight competitive oarsmen (age 22.5 ± 3 yr, body weight 78 ± 2 kg, and height 1.83 ± 0.05 m; mean ± SD) performed 2000 m maximal ergometer row in random order either with sodium bicarbonate (Bicarb, 100 to 325 ml; 1 mM) or an equal volume of 0.9% saline (Sal). Arterial blood samples were obtained at rest and immediately after exercise. During the Sal trial arterial pH was reduced to 7.12 ± 0.01, while during Bicarb acidosis was attenuated in a dose related manner (7.29 ± 0.03; P<0.05). Lactate concentration during Bicarb was higher than Sal (26 ± 3 vs. 20 ± 1 mM; P<0.05). Also, bicarbonate concentration and SaO2 were higher (20.5 ± 1.8 mM vs 11.8 ± 0.8 mM and 92.5 ± 1% vs 89.4 ± 1%; P<0.05) during Bicarb compared to Sal, respectively. Arterial O2 partial pressure decreased similarly during the two trials (82.5 ± 2.6 vs. 87.3 ± 2.1 mmHg). The results demonstrate that during maximal exercise the decrease in SaO2 is influenced not only by the limited pulmonary diffusion capacity but also by the attenuated O2 affinity for hemoglobin induced by the decrease of plasma pH (Bohr effect).Support or Funding InformationDr. Per Bredmose received a grant from The Købmand i Odense Johann og Hanne Weimann f. Seedorfs foundation.