Relevant bibliographies by topics / Juvenile delinquents Drug use Australia

Academic literature on the topic 'Juvenile delinquents Drug use Australia'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Juvenile delinquents Drug use Australia"

1

Dembo, Richard, and James Schmeidler. "A Classification of High-Risk Youths." Crime & Delinquency 49, no. 2 (April 2003): 201–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128702251054.

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The authors report the results of developing and evaluating a classification of 315 arrested youths processed at the Hillsborough County Juvenile Assessment Center in Tampa, Florida. Cluster analysis of summary measures of nine baseline alcohol/other drug use and self-reported delinquency variables identified four groups of youths: (a) low-level delinquents and drug users, (b) high-level delinquents, (c) hair-test-identified marijuana and cocaine users, and (d) self-reported drug users. The validity of the typology was assessed by comparing the clusters of youths on their(a) educational experiences; (b) delinquency referral history; (c) neglect, abuse, and family problem history; (d) close friends’ problem behavior; and, of particular interest, given the focus of the analyses, (e) emotional/psychological functioning and mental health and substance abuse treatment history. The findings indicate the youths were experiencing overlapping delinquency, alcohol/other drug use, and emotional/psychological problems. The cooccurrence of these problems among youths entering the juvenile justice system extends findings of their co-occurrence reported in studies of incarcerated youths.
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Dembo, Richard, Linda Williams, Jeffrey Fagan, and James Schmeidler. "Development and Assessment of a Classification of High Risk Youths." Journal of Drug Issues 24, no. 1 (January 1994): 25–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269402400103.

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Cluster analysis is applied to substance use and delinquency data collected in a longitudinal study of juvenile detainees to empirically derive five groups of youths from information gathered at their initial interviews (time 1): alcohol/marijuana-hashish users, low-level delinquents, alcohol/ marijuana-hashish and cocaine-using nondelinquents, high delinquency, cocaine users, and heavy cocaine-using nondelinquents. The validity of the typology was supported by a variety of other initial interview and follow-up interview alcohol/other drug use and delinquency data, and by recidivism information — including data on arrests during the three-and-a-half years following the date of the youths' first interviews. Research and policy implications of the findings are drawn.
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3

Pechorro, Pedro, João Maroco, James V. Ray, Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves, and Cristina Nunes. "A Brief Measure of Narcissism Among Female Juvenile Delinquents and Community Youths: The Narcissistic Personality Inventory–13." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 8 (March 29, 2017): 2292–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17700855.

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Research on narcissism has a long tradition, but there is limited knowledge regarding its application among female youth, especially for forensic samples of incarcerated female youth. Drawing on 377 female adolescents (103 selected from forensic settings and 274 selected from school settings) from Portugal, the current study is the first to examine simultaneously the psychometric properties of a brief version of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-13) among females drawn from incarcerated and community settings. The results support the three-factor structure model of narcissism after the removal of one item due to its low factor loading. Internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity showed promising results. In terms of criterion-related validity, significant associations were found with criterion-related variables such as age of criminal onset, conduct disorder, crime severity, violent crimes, and alcohol and drug use. The findings provide support for use of the NPI-13 among female juveniles.
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Tobler, Nancy S. "Meta-Analysis of 143 Adolescent Drug Prevention Programs: Quantitative Outcome Results of Program Participants Compared to a Control or Comparison Group." Journal of Drug Issues 16, no. 4 (October 1986): 537–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268601600405.

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Presented is a meta-analysis of the outcome results for 143 adolescent drug prevention programs to identify the most effective program modalities for reducing teenage drug use. Glass' et al. (1981) meta-analysis techniques provided a systematic approach for the accumulation, quantification and integration of the numerous research findings. Five major modalities were identified and their effect sizes computed for five distinctly different outcomes: Knowledge, Attitudes, Use, Skills and Behavior measures. The magnitude of the effect size was found dependent on the outcome measure employed and the rigor of the experimental design. These factors were controlled for through use of a standard regression analysis. Peer Programs were found to show a definite superiority for the magnitude of the effect size obtained on all outcome measures. On the ultimate criteria of drug use, Peer Programs were significantly different than the combined results of all the remaining programs (p < .0005). Peer Programs maintained high effect size for alcohol, soft drugs and hard drugs, as well as for cigarette use. Recommendations are made concerning the effectiveness of the underlying theoretical assumption for the different program modalities. Future programming implications are discussed as Peer Programs were identified as effective for the average school-based adolescent population, but the Alternatives programs were shown to be highly successful for the “at risk” adolescents such as drug abusers, juvenile delinquents or students having school problems.
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5

Suslov, Yury, Svetlana Kulakova, Tamara Makarenko, and Marina Spasennikova. "Criminological Characteristics of Minors in Penitentiary Institutions According to the 2019 Census." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(2).290-297.

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Correctional influence on juvenile convicts is one of the priorities of the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation. Even though there is a trend for a reduction in the level of juvenile crimes in Russia, new approaches to their prevention are needed. The effectiveness of correctional influence directly depends on the systemic and complex character of its implementation. It is necessary to take into account the criminological characteristics of the analyzed category of convicts, which will make it possible to fully and accurately determine key trends of preventing repeat offences by juveniles and of helping their re-socialization. This work should be based on data that objectively reflect the characteristics of inmates in educational penal colonies. One of the fundamental ways of obtaining objective data is a census. The goal of this research was to carry out a census of all underage inmates in the penitentiary institutions in October 2019, to collect information on the criminological characteristics of minors, to identify the trends for their changes and to use the obtained information in the preventive work with them. The authors studied all inmates (1 214 people) in all 23 penitentiary institutions for juvenile delinquents in Russia. Research results were used to create a generalized criminological portrait of a juvenile inmate. It is a male person (91,5 %), 16-17 years of age (67,3 %) who lived in an urban area prior to conviction (58,4 %), studied in a comprehensive secondary school (72,0 %), lived in a dysfunctional or socially vulnerable family (86,6 %; single-parent family - 40,4 %), who has borderline psychiatric (48,3 %) or drug-related (16,2 %) disorders (they do not impair sanity, but influence the mechanisms of deviant behavior), who has no work experience (89,6 %), no prior convictions (67,9 %) for intentional very grave crimes (50,2 %), mostly committed without accomplices. Only 8 % claim that they respect the traditions of criminal subculture and want to be professional criminals in the future. In almost half of the cases (48,4 %), the imprisonment sentence does not exceed 3 years. The obtained results can be used to improve the practice of preventive work with juvenile delinquents, their re-socialization and the future development of criminology.
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Barnea, Zipora, Meir Teichman, and Giora Rahav. "Substance Use and Abuse among Deviant and Non-Deviant Adolescents in Israel." Journal of Drug Education 23, no. 3 (September 1993): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/u7t7-t0de-9rx9-ylre.

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The study examined the hypothesis that the use of psychoactive substances is strongly associated with social deviance. Patterns of alcohol and drug use among two samples of deviant adolescents were investigated and compared to patterns of use among a sample of non-deviant youths. The participants were as follows: ninety-seven juvenile delinquents, inmates in institutions, aged twelve through eighteen; 184 detached youth, aged twelve through eighteen, who are in treatment programs of the Departments of Youth Advancement, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Welfare; and a nationwide representative sample of 8151 high school students, aged twelve through eighteen. Substance use was measured by three self-report indices: frequency of use during the last year, use during the last month, and use during the last week. The results clearly indicate that psychoactive substance use is concentrated among Israeli groups of deviant adolescents. These adolescents use all types of substances, licit as well as illicit, at rates considerably exceeding those found among high school students. However, a great similarity was found between the deviant groups of adolescents and the high school students in several personality correlates (sensation seeking, anxiety, depressive mood and learned resourcefulness) of substance use, and to a much lesser degree in its interpersonal correlates (perceived closeness to parents and to peers). The results' implications for prevention are discussed.
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7

Kelty, E., E. Quintrell, P. Manners, D. Preen, and J. Nossent. "AB1245 HOSPITAL ADMISSION RATES FOR JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA HAVE NOT CHANGED FOLLOWING THE INTRODUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL DRUG THERAPY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1734.1–1734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2545.

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BackgroundAggressive treatment with disease modifying drugs to reach early disease remission has become standard of care for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Australia this millennium (1,2).ObjectivesWe examined whether this modern approach including the availability of subsidised TNF inhibitor treatment has led to a change in the rate of first hospitalisation for JIA patients in Western Australia (WA). Hospital data were also used to estimate a minimum prevalence of JIA in WA.MethodsState-wide hospital data were used to identify patients aged 15 years and younger with a first hospitalisation for JIA between 1990 and 2012. Changes in the hospitalisation rate over time were examined using join-point regression. State-wide PBS prescription data on TNFi (available for JIA since 2004) were obtained from Services Australia and expressed as defined daily dose /1000/day (DDD).ResultsWe identified 786 unique cases of JIA in WA hospital records. At the time of the index hospitalisation, patients were on average 7.6 (± 4.4) years of age and female patients made up the majority of cases (n=465, 59.2%). The overall rate for a first hospitalization for JIA was 7.9 (95%CI: 7.3, 8.4) per 100,000 children ≤15 years, and did not change significantly over the study period (annual percentage change (APC): 1.3, 95%CI -0.3, 2.8), although TNFi usage increased linearly and DDD reached 0.3 at the end of study. The hospital-based prevalence of JIA in 2012 reached 114.5/100.000 for girls (0.12%) and 52.9/100.000 for boys (0.05%).ConclusionThe hospital based (i.e. minimum) prevalence of JIA in WA aligns with international data. Rates for a first hospitalization for JIA have not decreased during a time when early aggressive therapy became common practice and TNFi use for JIA reached 30/100.000. This unexpected finding requires further investigation.References[1]Georgina Tiller, Joanne Buckle, Roger Allen et al. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis managed in the new millennium: one year outcomes of an inception cohort of Australian children. Pediatric Rheumatology (2018) 16:69[2]Jane Munro, Emily Haesler, Jiri Rada,Amy Jasper. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a literature review of recent evidence. The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, August 2009AcknowledgementsSupported by a grant from The Arthritis Foundation of Western AustraliaDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Templeton, David J., Beverley A. Tyson, Joel P. Meharg, Katalin E. Habgood, Patricia M. Bullen, Sharafat Malek, and Rick McLean. "Aboriginal health worker screening for sexually transmissible infections and blood-borne viruses in a rural Australian juvenile correctional facility." Sexual Health 7, no. 1 (2010): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09035.

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Introduction: In Australia, Aboriginal youth are disproportionately represented in juvenile detention centres. We assessed the prevalence of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and blood-borne viruses (BBVs) identified by an Aboriginal Health Worker (AHW)-led screening program delivered to male detainees of a rural juvenile detention centre. Methods: A retrospective review of first screening visit data was performed. Demographic and behavioural data were collected and the prevalence of STI/BBV was assessed. Results: Over a 4-year period to November 2004, 101 screens on new medium-to-long-term detainees were performed. The median age of participants was 17 years (range 14–20) and 87% were Aboriginal. Most reported multiple lifetime sexual partners (mean 14, range 0–60) and a minority had used a condom for the last episode of vaginal intercourse. Injecting drug use and non-professional tattoos or piercings were both reported by over one-third of participants, with over 80% reporting previous incarceration. One-quarter of those screened were newly diagnosed with one or more STI/BBV. The most common infection identified was urethral chlamydia (prevalence 16.3%, 95% confidence interval 10.0–25.5%), although the prevalence of newly diagnosed syphilis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C were each over 5%. Many participants remained susceptible to hepatitis B. Conclusion: An AHW-led STI/BBV screening program identified a large number of asymptomatic and previously undiagnosed infections in this group of young male detainees. Such an education and screening program using skilled Aboriginal staff not affiliated with the correctional system could have a substantial impact on the prevalence of STI/BBV among juvenile detainees.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Juvenile delinquents Drug use Australia"

1

Caserta, Deborah Ann. "Substance use and related criminality among male juvenile sexual and nonsexual offenders an investigation of the patterns and prevalence : a project based upon an independent investigation /." Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/972.

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Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007
Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 15-17, 39-42, 60-63).
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2

Josi, Don Allen. "Empirical analysis and evaluation of the California Department of Youth Authority's post parole substance abuse treatment program: El Centro, California." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/612.

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White, Laura Morgan. "Mental health and substance-related treatment utilization, dropout, and continuity of care among detained adolescents: a 14-year longitudinal study." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/7987.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Although approximately 60%-80% of detained adolescents have a psychiatric disorder, little is known about their utilization of mental health and substance-related treatment services upon release from detention. Given that treatment can potentially reduce symptomology and recidivism, the study examined detained adolescents’ post-detention treatment utilization and longitudinal patterns of use. Data were abstracted from the electronic juvenile justice records and medical records of 9664 detained adolescents (62.7% male; 34.8% White, 65.2% Black; 72.6% with disorder) with Medicaid coverage held in a Midwestern detention center at some time during 1998-2011. A series of statistical tests (e.g., chi-square, ANOVA, logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, Cox regression) were conducted to identify group differences in treatment utilization during the 14-year follow-up period. Following detention release, approximately 66.2% of adolescents were re-arrested and 54.9% were re-detained/incarcerated. Treatment utilization within two years post-detention was 36.7%; 31.4% obtained mental health treatment, 10.4% obtained substance-related treatment, 36.0% obtained outpatient treatment, and 6.2% obtained non-outpatient treatment. Among treatment users, 22.5% dropped out of treatment within 1-3 sessions and 40.6% experienced gaps (>45 days) between treatment services. Treatment utilization was significantly higher among males, White (vs. Black) adolescents, younger adolescents, violent (vs. non-violent) offenders, recidivists (vs. non-recidivists), and adolescents with mental disorders (vs. substance-related disorders). Variables associated with increased likelihood of post-detention treatment included: male gender, psychiatric disorder(s), pre-detention arrest(s), charge severity, violent offender, incarceration, and pre-detention treatment; age and Black race were associated with decreased likelihood of treatment. As one of the only longitudinal studies to examine treatment utilization among detained adolescents upon community reentry, findings suggest limited service utilization, as well as treatment gaps and disparities. Future research should focus on the treatment needs of detained adolescents, factors associated with disparities, and programs/policies to ensure consistent identification, referral, and connection to care for detained adolescents.
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Norrish, Maria Elizabeth. "Guidelines for the rehabilitation of the juvenile who had committed a drug-related crime." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4917.

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This study was designed to understand the meaning of the lived experiences of incarcerated male juveniles who had committed drug-related crimes and to suggest guidelines for their rehabilitation with specific reference to their health care needs. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher used Parse’s (1998) Theory of Human Becoming as a theoretical framework for the study and Parse’s (1998, 2005) phenomenological-hermeneutic research method. This study was restricted to three juvenile correctional centres in the Gauteng province, Republic of South Africa (RSA). A sample of 15 male juveniles (5 at each of the three juvenile correctional centres) was used for the purpose of individual dialogical engagements with the participants. Focus group interview sessions were held with two groups (5 members per group) at two identified juvenile correctional centres. A qualitative content analysis according to methods recommended by Graneheim and Lundman (2004) was performed on the data that was collected from the individual dialogical-engagements and the focus group interviews. The researcher attempted to elucidate the meanings that the participants attached to their experiences of incarceration as narrated by them and analysed the data according to Parse’s (1998; 2005) phenomenological-hermeneutic method comprising of extraction-synthesis and heuristic interpretation. The findings of this research confirm that problems of drug abuse and criminal activity represent a multifaceted, complex and often intractable phenomenon. The research also confirmed that the participants suffer from a variety of emotional and psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, fear, guilt, remorse, regret and a craving for the drugs that they had abused before their incarceration. It appears that the participants find it extremely difficult to deal effectively with these disorders on their own and that they are generally averse to asking for professional help and assistance. Interventions to alleviate these problems are crucial for the success of the current rehabilitation programmes being pursued in the correctional centres where the participants are accommodated.
Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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5

Norrish, Maria Elizabeth. "Guidelines for the rehabilitation of the juveline who had committed a drug-related crime." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4917.

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This study was designed to understand the meaning of the lived experiences of incarcerated male juveniles who had committed drug-related crimes and to suggest guidelines for their rehabilitation with specific reference to their health care needs. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher used Parse’s (1998) Theory of Human Becoming as a theoretical framework for the study and Parse’s (1998, 2005) phenomenological-hermeneutic research method. This study was restricted to three juvenile correctional centres in the Gauteng province, Republic of South Africa (RSA). A sample of 15 male juveniles (5 at each of the three juvenile correctional centres) was used for the purpose of individual dialogical engagements with the participants. Focus group interview sessions were held with two groups (5 members per group) at two identified juvenile correctional centres. A qualitative content analysis according to methods recommended by Graneheim and Lundman (2004) was performed on the data that was collected from the individual dialogical-engagements and the focus group interviews. The researcher attempted to elucidate the meanings that the participants attached to their experiences of incarceration as narrated by them and analysed the data according to Parse’s (1998; 2005) phenomenological-hermeneutic method comprising of extraction-synthesis and heuristic interpretation. The findings of this research confirm that problems of drug abuse and criminal activity represent a multifaceted, complex and often intractable phenomenon. The research also confirmed that the participants suffer from a variety of emotional and psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, fear, guilt, remorse, regret and a craving for the drugs that they had abused before their incarceration. It appears that the participants find it extremely difficult to deal effectively with these disorders on their own and that they are generally averse to asking for professional help and assistance. Interventions to alleviate these problems are crucial for the success of the current rehabilitation programmes being pursued in the correctional centres where the participants are accommodated.
Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Books on the topic "Juvenile delinquents Drug use Australia"

1

Josie, Arnold, ed. Street kids: Australia's alienated young. Blackburn, Vic: Collins Dove, 1986.

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McClelland, Gary M. Detection and prevalence of substance use among juvenile detainees. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2004.

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Kline, Anna. Substance use & dependency among New Jersey juvenile arrestees. Trenton, NJ: New Jersey Dept. of Health & Senior Services, Division of Addiction Services, Research & Information Systems, 1996.

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Stahl, Anne L. Drug offense cases in juvenile courts, 1989-1998. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2001.

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United States. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, ed. Drug offense cases in juvenile court, 1986-1995. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1998.

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Butts, Jeffrey A. Drug offense cases in juvenile court, 1985-1994. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1997.

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Australian National Council on Drugs. Diversion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth from juvenile detention: A report to the Australian National Council on Drugs. Canberra: Australian National Council on Drugs, 2003.

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Sandoval, Rubén, and Rubén Sandoval. En la lotería de la vida: Discursos para el tiempo sobre droga, violencia y éxito. [La Paz?]: Gobierno del Estado de Baja California Sur, Instituto Sudcaliforniano de Cultura, 2006.

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Michael, Anderegg. A model for judicial leader: Community responses to juvenile substance abuse. Portland, OR: Reclaiming Futures, National Program Office, 2006.

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Richard, Dembo, and Williams Linda E, eds. Drugs and crime. Lanham: University Press of America, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Juvenile delinquents Drug use Australia"

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Teplin, Linda A., Jessica A. Jakubowski, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, Marquita L. Stokes, and Leah J. Welty. "Firearm Homicide and Other Causes of Death in Delinquents: A 16-Year Prospective Study." In Firearm-Related Injuries and Preventions, 99–117. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610022750-firearm_homicide.

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BACKGROUND Delinquent youth are at risk for early violent death after release from detention. However, few studies have examined risk factors for mortality. Previous investigations studied only serious offenders (a fraction of the juvenile justice population) and provided little data on females. METHODS The Northwestern Juvenile Project is a prospective longitudinal study of health needs and outcomes of a stratified random sample of 1829 youth (657 females, 1172 males; 524 Hispanic, 1005 African Amer-ican, 296 non-Hispanic white, 4 other race/ethnicity) detained between 1995 and 1998. Data on risk factors were drawn from interviews; death records were obtained up to 16 years after detention. We compared all-cause mortality rates and causes of death with those of the general population. Survival analyses were used to examine risk factors for mortality after youth leave detention. RESULTS Delinquent youth have higher mortality rates than the general population to age 29 years (P &lt; .05), irrespective of gender or race/ ethnicity. Females died at nearly 5 times the general population rate (P &lt; .05); Hispanic males and females died at 5 and 9 times the general population rates, respectively (P &lt; .05). Compared with the general population, significantly more delinquent youth died of homicide and its subcategory, homicide by firearm (P &lt; .05). Among delinquent youth, racial/ethnic minorities were at increased risk of homicide compared with non-Hispanic whites (P &lt; .05). Significant risk factors for external-cause mortality and homicide included drug dealing (up to 9 years later), alcohol use disorder, and gang membership (up to a decade later). CONCLUSIONS Delinquent youth are an identifiable target population to reduce disparities in early violent death.
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