Academic literature on the topic 'Juvenile Agriculture'
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Journal articles on the topic "Juvenile Agriculture"
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Lancaster, Melanie L., Michael G. Gardner, Alison J. Fitch, Talat H. Ansari, and Anita K. Smyth. "A direct benefit of native saltbush revegetation for an endemic lizard (Tiliqua rugosa) in southern Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 60, no. 3 (2012): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12063.
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Land alteration for intensive agriculture has been a major cause of species decline and extinction globally. In marginal grazing regions of southern Australia, native perennial shrubs are increasingly being planted to supplement pasture feeding of stock. Such revegetation has the benefits of reducing erosion and salinity, and importantly, the potential provision of habitat for native fauna. We explored the use of revegetated native saltbush by the sleepy lizard (Tiliqua rugosa) an endemic Australian species common in the region. We repeatedly sampled revegetated saltbush throughout 2010 and 2011 for adults (n = 55) and juveniles (n = 26). Using genotypes from eight microsatellite loci, parents were assigned to half of all juveniles with high statistical confidence. Parents were sampled in the same patch of revegetated saltbush as their offspring, thus supporting the observation that juvenile sleepy lizards remain within the home range of their parents before dispersal. Most importantly, our findings indicate that revegetated saltbush provides important habitat for T. rugosa at significant life stages – before and during breeding for adults, and before dispersal for juveniles. We conclude that revegetation using simple, monoculture plantations provides beneficial habitat for T. rugosa and may also be beneficial habitat for other native species in human-altered agricultural landscapes.
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Görlach, Bruno Maximilian, Jon Niklas Henningsen, Jens Torsten Mackens, and Karl Hermann Mühling. "Evaluation of Maize Growth Following Early Season Foliar P Supply of Various Fertilizer Formulations and in Relation to Nutritional Status." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (2021): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040727.
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The efficiency of phosphorus (P) use in agriculture needs to be improved, with farmers being increasingly forced by law to reduce P soil fertilization. Thus, P foliar application might become more important in agriculture. The effect of foliar P fertilization has not been widely studied in maize, despite it being a crop with high P demand during juvenile development. Our aim was to investigate the effect of P foliar application during juvenile development on maize crop growth and yield. We conducted outdoor pot experiments to investigate the effect on P uptake, translocation, and dry matter following three applications of foliar fertilizer of various P formulations and with additional P soil fertilization between the 4th and 6th leaf stage during two growing seasons. To determine direct and possible long-term effects, plants were harvested at various developmental stages. P foliar application resulted in a significant increase in P concentration in all plant parts ten days after the last application, regardless of P form, nutritional status, or year. P concentration remained high only in those parts of the plant that were present during foliar application. Biomass effects were sporadically visible until flowering, but not at maturity. We conclude that foliar P fertilization during juvenile development does not increase yield but might nevertheless be a useful remedy for short-term P deficits.
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Ping, Li, Bingyong Xu, Qian Zhou, et al. "Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Forchlorfenuron in Adult and Juvenile Rats." Molecules 26, no. 14 (2021): 4276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144276.
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Forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is a plant growth regulator extensively used in agriculture. However, studies on CPPU pharmacokinetics are lacking. We established and validated a rapid, sensitive, and accurate liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method for CPPU detection in rat plasma. CPPU pharmacokinetics was evaluated in adult and juvenile rats orally treated with 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg of the compound. The area under the plasma drug concentration–time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC), at the final time point sampled (AUC0–t), and the maximum drug concentration of CPPU increased in a dose-dependent manner. The pharmacokinetic parameters AUC0–t and absolute bioavailability were higher in the juvenile rats than in adult rats. The mean residence time and AUC0–t of juvenile rats in the gavage groups, except for the 10 mg/kg dose, were significantly higher in comparison to those observed for adult rats (p < 0.001). The plasma clearance of CPPU in juvenile rats was slightly lower than that in the adult rats. Taken together, juvenile rats were more sensitive to CPPU than adult rats, which indicates potential safety risks of CPPU in minors.
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Buikstra, Jane E., Lyle W. Konigsberg, and Jill Bullington. "Fertility and the Development of Agriculture in the Prehistoric Midwest." American Antiquity 51, no. 3 (1986): 528–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281750.
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In this article we develop and apply a method for estimating fertility in paleodemographic study. The proportion D30+/D5+, generated from standard life table calculations, is used to estimate relative fertility rates for eight Woodland and Mississippian populations represented by skeletal series from west-central Illinois. The inferred pattern of fertility increase through time is then considered in the context of key variables that define diet, technology, and sedentism. We conclude that changes in diet or food preparation techniques are implicated in this demographic change. The absence of a significant increment in juvenile mortality in association with the elevated fertility rates suggests that these changes in fertility explain the regional population increase previously inferred from mortuary and habitation site densities.
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Pianezzola, E., S. Roth, and B. A. Hatteland. "Predation by carabid beetles on the invasive slug Arion vulgaris in an agricultural semi-field experiment." Bulletin of Entomological Research 103, no. 2 (2012): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485312000569.
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AbstractArion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon 1855 is one of the most important invasive species in Europe, affecting both biodiversity and agriculture. The species is spreading in many parts of Europe, inflicting severe damage to horticultural plants and cultivated crops partly due to a lack of satisfactory and effective management solutions. Molluscicides have traditionally been used to manage slug densities, although the effects are variable and some have severe side-effects on other biota. Thus, there is a need to explore potential alternatives such as biological control. The nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is the only biological agent that has been applied commercially so far. However, other biological control agents such as carabid beetles have also been found to be promising. In addition, some carabid species have been shown to feed on A. vulgaris in the field as well as in the laboratory. Two species in particular have been found to be important predators of A. vulgaris, and these species are also common in agricultural environments: Pterostichus melanarius and Carabus nemoralis. This study is the first to use semi-field experiments in a strawberry field, manipulating densities, to investigate how P. melanarius and C. nemoralis affect densities of A. vulgaris eggs and juveniles, respectively. Gut contents of C. nemoralis were analysed using multiplex PCR methods to detect DNA of juvenile slugs. Results show that both P. melanarius and C. nemoralis significantly affect densities of slug eggs and juvenile slugs under semi-field conditions and that C. nemoralis seems to prefer slugs smaller than one gram. Carabus nemoralis seems to be especially promising in reducing densities of A. vulgaris, and future studies should investigate the potential of using this species as a biological control agent.
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Triyanto, Triyanto, Tarsim Tarsim, and Deny Sapto Chondro Utomo. "INFLUENCES OF LAMP IRRADIATION EXPOSURE ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF JUVENILE SNEAKHEAD FISH Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)." e-Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Budidaya Perairan 8, no. 2 (2020): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jrtbp.v8i2.p1029-1038.
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The research has been conducted by February to March 2018 in the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University. The research aim of this to acknowledge the influences of lamp irradiation exposure on growth and survival of juvenile sneakhead fish (Channa striata). This research used a completely randomized design with five treatments, A (12B;12D), B (9B;15D), C (6B;18D), D (3B;21D), and E (0B;24D) with three replications. The research showed that the effect of the length of light irradiation exposure has a significant effect on growth and survival of juvenile snakehead fish. The best treatment found in treatment D, that the resulted highest value of weight growth (5,46 g), daily weight growth (0,121 g/day), length growth (5,37 cm), daily length growth (0,119 cm/day), and survival rate of 97%.
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Alonso, Valentina, Shyon Nasrolahi, and Adler Dillman. "Host-Specific Activation of Entomopathogenic Nematode Infective Juveniles." Insects 9, no. 2 (2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9020059.
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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are potent insect parasites and have been used for pest control in agriculture. Despite the complexity of the EPN infection process, hosts are typically killed within 5 days of initial infection. When free-living infective juveniles (IJs) infect a host, they release their bacterial symbiont, secrete toxic products, and undergo notable morphological changes. Collectively, this process is referred to as “activation” and represents the point in a nematode’s life cycle when it becomes actively parasitic. The effect of different host tissues and IJ age on activation, and how activation itself is related to virulence, are not well understood. Here, we employed a recently developed bioassay, which quantifies IJ activation, as a tool to address these matters. Appreciating that activation is a key part of the EPN infection process, we hypothesized that activation would positively correlate to virulence. Using the EPNs Steinernema carpocapsae and S. feltiae we found that EPN activation is host-specific and influenced by infective juvenile age. Additionally, our data suggest that activation has a context-dependent influence on virulence and could be predictive of virulence in some cases such as when IJ activation is especially low.
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Holmes, Eric J., Parsa Saffarinia, Andrew L. Rypel, Miranda N. Bell-Tilcock, Jacob V. Katz, and Carson A. Jeffres. "Reconciling fish and farms: Methods for managing California rice fields as salmon habitat." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0237686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237686.
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Rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in California, the southernmost portion of their range, has drastically declined throughout the past century. Recently, through cooperative agreements with diverse stakeholders, winter-flooded agricultural rice fields in California’s Central Valley have emerged as ecologically functioning floodplain rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook Salmon. From 2013 to 2016, we conducted a series of experiments examining methods to enhance habitat benefits for fall-run Chinook Salmon reared on winter-flooded rice fields in the Yolo Bypass, a modified floodplain managed for flood control, agriculture, and wildlife habitat in the Sacramento River Valley of California. Investigations included studying the effect of 1) post-harvest field substrate; 2) depth refugia; 3) duration of field drainage; and 4) duration of rearing occupancy on in-situ diet, growth and survival of juvenile salmon. Post-harvest substrate treatment had only a small effect on the lower trophic food web and an insignificant effect on growth rates or survival of rearing hatchery-origin, fall-run Chinook Salmon. Similarly, depth refugia, created by trenches dug to various depths, also had an insignificant effect on survival. Rapid field drainage yielded significantly higher survival compared to drainage methods drawn out over longer periods. A mortality of approximately one third was observed in the first week after fish were released in the floodplain. This initial mortality event was followed by high, stable survival rates for the remainder of the 6-week duration of floodplain rearing study. Across years, in-field survival ranged 7.4–61.6% and increased over the course of the experiments. Despite coinciding with the most extreme drought in California’s recorded history, which elevated water temperatures and reduced the regional extent of adjacent flooded habitats which concentrated avian predators, the adaptive research framework enabled incremental improvements in design to increase survival. Zooplankton (fish food) in the winter-flooded rice fields were 53-150x more abundant than those sampled concurrently in the adjacent Sacramento River channel. Correspondingly, observed somatic growth rates of juvenile hatchery-sourced fall-run Chinook Salmon stocked in rice fields were two to five times greater than concurrently and previously observed growth rates in the adjacent Sacramento River. The abundance of food resources and exceptionally high growth rates observed during these experiments illustrate the potential benefits of using existing agricultural infrastructure to approximate the floodplain wetland physical conditions and hydrologic patterns (shallow, long-duration inundation of cool floodplain habitats in mid-winter) under which Chinook Salmon evolved and to which they are adapted.
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Hafez, S. L., P. Sundararaj, Z. A. Handoo, A. M. Skantar, L. K. Carta, and D. J. Chitwood. "First Report of the Pale Cyst Nematode, Globodera pallida, in the United States." Plant Disease 91, no. 3 (2007): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-3-0325b.
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In 2006, a cyst nematode was discovered in tare dirt at a potato (Solanum tuberosum) processing facility in eastern Idaho. The nematode was found during a routine survey conducted jointly by the Idaho State Department of Agriculture and the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service through the Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey program. Extensive additional sampling from two suspect fields led to the identification of the same nematode in a 45-acre (18.2-ha) field located in northern Bingham County. The morphology of cysts and second-stage juveniles and molecular analyses established the identity of the species as the pale cyst nematode Globodera pallida (Stone 1973) Behrens 1975. Morphological characters used for identification included cyst shape, characteristics of cyst terminal cone including nature of fenestration, cyst wall pattern, anal-vulval distance, number of cuticular ridges between anus and vulva, and Granek's ratio (1,4). The second-stage juvenile morphologies critical for identification were the following: body and stylet length, shape of stylet knobs, shape and length of tail and hyaline tail terminus, and number of refractive bodies in the hyaline part of tail (1,4). Diagnosis as G. pallida was clearly confirmed by two molecular tests. First, PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) profiles of a ribosomal DNA fragment using restriction enzymes RsaI, TaqI, and AluI (2) were consistent with a G. pallida control and not G. rostochiensis. Second, the ribosomal DNA region that extends from the 3′ end of the 18S ribosomal subunit and includes all of ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 to the 5′ end of the 28S ribosomal subunit was used to generate sequence for the most accurate species determination. Sequences obtained from three individual juveniles were compared with those from several Globodera species (3), revealing unequivocal similarity to G. pallida. This detection represents a new country record for G. pallida in the United States. Collection of additional information regarding distribution of this nematode within the region is underway. References: (1) J. G. Baldwin and M. Mundo-Ocampo. Heteroderinae, Cyst- and Non-cyst-forming Nematodes. Pages 275-362 in: Manual of Agricultural Nematology. W. R. Nickle, ed. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1991. (2) V. C. Blok et al. J. Nematol. 30:262, 1998. (3) L. A. Pylypenko et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 111:39, 2005. (4) A. R. Stone. Nematologica 18:591, 1973.
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Gibson, Neil, Colin Yates, Margaret Byrne, Margaret Langley, and Rujiporn Thavornkanlapachai. "The importance of recruitment patterns versus reproductive output in the persistence of a short-range endemic shrub in a highly fragmented landscape of south-western Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 60, no. 7 (2012): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt12194.
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Calothamnus quadrifidus subsp. teretifolius A.S.George & N.Gibson is a short-range endemic shrub whose habitat has been greatly reduced by clearing for agriculture. Reproductive output was high in all populations sampled, although there were large differences among populations in fruit set, the number of seeds per fruit and seed germination. These traits showed no relationship to population size, degree of isolation, or fragment size, which contrasts strongly with the patterns found in a widespread congener. Demographic studies in remnants with an intact understorey showed stable adult populations with continuous seedling recruitment. In contrast, there was consistent widespread failure of seedling and juvenile recruitment in degraded roadside remnants that also showed significant mortality of reproductive adults. In these degraded remnants, recruitment failure appears to be the primary cause of species decline.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Juvenile Agriculture"
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Snow, Richard. "Life history of juvenile alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) in Oklahoma." Thesis, Oklahoma State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1561714.
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<p> Daily ring formation has been validated for a variety of fish species, but there is little known information or data on ageing young of year Alligator Gar (<i>Atractosteus spatula</i>). Artificially spawned Alligator Gar fry with a known spawn date, hatch date, and swim-up date were stocked into two ponds at Tishomingo National Fish Hatchery and reared from 9 to 91 days post-hatch. Up to 10 individuals were sampled each week, and age in days was estimated from counts of presumptive daily rings in the otoliths (sagittae, lapilli, and astericsi). Mean daily ring count and known age were closely related to swim-up (sagitta r<sup>2</sup> = 0.98, lapillus r<sup>2</sup> = 0.99, asteriscus r<sup>2</sup> = 0.93) indicating that daily ring deposition occurred in the otoliths of Alligator Gar 2 days after swim-up. Daily increment counts were accurate through 73 (sagitta), 86 (lapillus), however accuracy for asteriscus was very low throughout 86 days from swim-up. Age-bias plot for the lapillus visually showed no bias between readers. The resulting regression of ring counts against known age (age = -0.96 + 1.03*estimated age) was applied to wild caught Alligator Gar collected in the summer of 2013 from Lake Texoma, Oklahoma, to estimate spawn dates. Spawn dates seem to coincide with rising pool elevation of Lake Texoma and water pulses of tributaries.</p>
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Weisheimer, Nilson. "A situação juvenil na agricultura familiar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15908.
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Le but général de cette étude est celui d'identifier les traits distinctifs de la situation juvénile dans l'agrictulture familiale et dans ses projets professionnels. Pour l'accomplir, nous avons réalisé une recherche représentative de l'univers de jeunes occupés dans l'agriculture familiale à l'état du Rio Grande do Sul. Nous avons réalisé des entrevues structurées ayant comme base un questionnaire standardisé auprès de 681 jeunes de 15 à 29 ans des deux sexes. Comme contribution méthodologique, nous avons proposé un modèle descriptif de la situation juvénile à quatre dimensions analytiques: les ressources matérielles, les processus de socialisation, les représentations sociales et les projets juvéniles. Les jeunes agriculteurs familiaux sont une catégorie sociale qui surgit de la socialisation dans le processus de travail familial agricole, la situation juvénile dans l'agriculture familiale étant caractérisée par une basse autonomie matérielle; par une intense socialisation dans le processus de travail familial agricole et par la prédominance de représentations positives sur cette activité. Les évidences permettent de conclure que leurs projets professionnels découlent de la propre situation juvénile dans l'agriculture familiale, avec ses différenciations par rapport au sexe et à l'âge, qui sont présentes dans la structure des pratiques de travail et dans l'incorporation des dispositions nécessaires à sa reproduction. À partir de cela, nous expliquons porquoi, même dans des conditions matérielles restreintes, prédominent, pour la plupart des interviewés, des projets professionnels agricoles et le refus des jeunes femmes adolescentes de demeurer dans cette activité.<br>O objetivo geral do estudo foi identificar os traços distintivos da situação juvenil na agricultura familiar e explicar a construção de seus projetos profissionais. Para isto, realizouse uma pesquisa representativa do universo de jovens ocupados na agricultura familiar no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Realizaram-se entrevistas estruturadas com base em questionário padronizado junto a 681 jovens de 15 a 29 anos de ambos os sexos. Como contribuição metodológica, foi proposto um modelo descritivo da situação juvenil com quatro dimensões analíticas: dos recursos materiais, dos processos de socialização, das representações sociais e dos projetos juvenis. Os jovens agricultores familiares são uma categoria social que surge da socialização no processo de trabalho familiar agrícola, sendo a situação juvenil na agricultura familiar caracterizada por uma baixa autonomia material; por uma intensa socialização no processo de trabalho familiar agrícola e pelo predomínio de representações positivas sobre esta atividade. As evidências permitem concluir que os seus projetos profissionais derivam da própria situação juvenil na agricultura familiar, com suas diferenciações sexuais e etárias, que estão presentes na estrutura das práticas do trabalho e na incorporação das disposições necessárias a sua reprodução. Com base nisto, explicam-se porque mesmo em condições de baixa autonomia material predominam entre a maioria dos entrevistados projetos profissionais agrícolas e a recusa por parte das mulheres jovens adolescentes de permanecer nesta atividade.<br>The main goal of this work is to identify the distinctive characteristics of young people in family farming and their professional projects. For this, we carried out a research representative of the world of the young who work in family farming in Rio Grande do Sul. We carried out interviews based on a standardized questionnaire with 681 people from 15 to 29 years old, of both genders. As a methodological contribution, we proposed a descriptive model of the juvenile situation with four analytics dimensions: resources, socialization processes, social representations, and juvenile projects. The young family farmers are a social category that is rising from the socialization of family farm work, characterized by a low material autonomy and the supremacy of positive representations of the activity. The evidences allow us to conclude that their professional projects derive from their situation in family farming, with its gender and age-based differentiations, which are present in the work practices structure and in the incorporation of the dispositions needed for its replication. Based on this, we can explain why, even with restricted material conditions, amongst most of the interviewed subjects agricultural professional projects and the refuse of staying in this activity are predominant.
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Freedman, Ryan. "Assessing the functional recovery and connectivity potential of restored estuaries in southern California using juvenile predator fish movements." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1526909.
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<p> Limited information exists on how southern Californian restored estuaries affect fish habitat use. I used the movements of five predatory fishes in two guilds (ambush and roving predators) to assess juvenile habitat use within estuaries and across landscapes at two spatial scales. Translocating fishes between two discrete estuaries located approximately I 0 km apart revealed that connectivity potential between sites differed between foraging guilds. Despite habitat design differences, fishes did not appear to prefer one site over the other. However on a smaller scale (e.g., within a single estuary), differences in microhabitat conditions affected the habitat use by California Halibut (<i>Paralichthys californicus</i>). Individuals selected habitat based on water flow velocity, temperature and eelgrass coverage, but utilized habitat conditions in a size-segregated manner. Since restoration habitat design influences available microhabitat conditions, differences in design likely alters space use within restored estuaries although perhaps not estuary selection itself.</p>
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West, Molly E. J. "Stacked Bt Proteins Exacerbate Negative Growth Effects of Juvenile (F. rusticus) Crayfish Fed Corn Diet." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1555337338986411.
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Hardy, Robert F. "Assessments of Surface-Pelagic Drift Communities and Behavior of Early Juvenile Sea Turtles in the Northern Gulf of Mexico." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1569947.
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<p> Knowledge of species distribution and habitat associations are essential for conservation measures. Such information is lacking for many marine species due to their occupancy of broad and ephemeral habitats that are difficult to access for study. Sea turtles, specifically the surface−pelagic juvenile stage of some species, are a group for which significant knowledge gaps remain surrounding their distribution and habitat use. Recent research has confirmed the long−standing hypothesis that the surface−pelagic juvenile stage occurs within surface−pelagic drift communities (SPDC). Within the North Atlantic and surrounding basins, the holopelagic macroalgae <i> Sargassum</i> spp. dominates SPDC and serves as a remotely−detectable indicator of SPDC. The present study focuses on surface−pelagic habitats of four sea turtle species and addresses knowledge gaps using two approaches: habitat mapping and behavioral examination. Remote sensing techniques were used to identify SPDC, and satellite telemetry to examine behavior. This work was conducted in three parts and is presented in three chapters. </p><p> Imagery collected from the Landsat satellites (5 and 7) was used to quantify the area of SPDC (km<sup>2</sup>). Approximately 1,800 Landsat images collected from 2003–2011 were examined for SPDC. The first chapter discusses the abundance, seasonality, and distribution of SPDC within the eastern Gulf of Mexico waters where surface−pelagic green, hawksbill, Kemp’s ridley, and loggerhead turtles are known to occur. SPDC was found year−round within the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and the amount of habitat peaked during summer months. The amount of SPDC within the eastern Gulf of Mexico varied annually with peaks in 2005, 2009, and 2011. High concentrations of SPDC were discovered within offshore waters of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico and southern West Florida Shelf. </p><p> Within the second chapter, the behavior of 10 surface−pelagic juvenile Kemp’s ridleys was examined using satellite telemetry. Using remotely−sensed imagery, the sea surface habitats used by tracked turtles were examined. Surface−pelagic juveniles are hypothesized to be principally passive drifters. The behavior of tracked turtles was examined to determine if they exhibited periods of active and passive behavior, which may indicate periods of swim and drift. The proximity of tracked turtles to remotely−detected SPDC was examined when coincident Landsat imagery was available (within one day of the turtle’s position). Turtles were tracked for 36.5 days (mean) and exhibited primarily passive behavior during the tracking period. The satellite transmitters messaged frequently and reported temperatures significantly higher than sea surface temperatures. Landsat imagery was available coincident to the tracks of nine individuals. SPDC was present within 74% of images, and the mean distance between tracked turtles and SPDC was 54 km. Close associations between tracked turtles and SPDC were documented for four individuals. Results suggest that the tracked turtles spent a majority of the time drifting within SPDC. </p><p> The final chapter discusses the density of SPDC within northern and western Gulf of Mexico waters from 2009–2011. Seasonal abundance peaks occurred throughout the study area, but the timing varied. SPDC peaked earlier (late spring) within the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Moving eastward, the timing of seasonal peaks shifted progressively later during the year. Within the western portions of the study area, SPDC was found to be significantly higher than in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. </p><p> The eastern Gulf of Mexico may provide critical developmental habitats for several North Atlantic sea turtle species. Additional study is necessary to determine if portions of the western Gulf of Mexico could serve in a similar capacity. SPDC is extremely vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, specifically oil spills and the occurrence of persistent marine debris. Conservation of SPDC may be challenged by its ephemeral nature; however, the results presented herein could advise conservation efforts (e.g., delineation of critical habitat). The present study described spatial patterns of SPDC occurrence, regions of high abundance, and seasonality. The description of the behavior surface−pelagic sea turtles offers refinements to the spatial distribution of this life stage. These results, coupled with information on circulation patterns and the distribution of sea turtle nesting beaches, can be used to better predict when and where sea turtles and SPDC may be found. For example, the year−round persistence of SPDC within the eastern Gulf of Mexico and the location of major nesting beaches located upstream support the area’s designation as critical habitat for surface−pelagic green, hawksbill, Kemp’s ridley, and loggerhead turtles.</p>
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Corbin, Alice Elizabeth. "Evaluation of a Juvenile Driver Intervention Program: Analysis of Ohio Carteens." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391794867.
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Czesny, Sergiusz J. "Biochemical, physiological and behavioral evaluation of the quality of pure bred and hybrid Walleye (Stizostedion Vitreum) eggs, larvae, and juveniles /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488199501403933.
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Coradini, Lucas. "Projetos profissionais juvenis e a perspectiva de reprodução social na agricultura familiar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61736.
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Neste estudo examina-se como são elaborados os projetos profissionais juvenis das novas gerações de agricultores familiares e a perspectiva de reprodução do modo de produção familiar. A tarefa sociológica proposta é a de apontar os traços distintivos da situação juvenil na agricultura familiar, buscando identificar os elementos considerados na elaboração de seus projetos profissionais. Os objetivos da pesquisa são assim enumerados: 1) analisar as perspectivas de reprodução do modo de produção familiar em uma localidade do Rio Grande do Sul a partir dos projetos profissionais juvenis; 2) identificar os projetos profissionais de jovens que em alguma medida ocupam-se em atividades agrícolas em unidades de produção familiar; 3) identificar os elementos considerados pelos jovens na formulação de seus projetos profissionais e o grau de importância atribuído; 4) examinar as avaliações que os jovens formulam sobre o trabalho agrícola e as perspectivas de permanência na agricultura familiar. A concepção deste estudo fundamenta-se, inicialmente, na análise de dados secundários sobre a agricultura familiar no Brasil, com destaque para as pesquisas que tomam os jovens agricultores como unidade de análise. Num segundo momento, opta-se pela produção de dados qualitativos, o que é feito a partir de um estudo do caso dos jovens agricultores residentes na cidade de Faxinal do Soturno, município pertencente à Quarta Colônia de imigração italiana do Rio Grande do Sul. Procedeu-se à realização de 36 entrevistas, constituídas de questões abertas, seguindo um roteiro semi-estruturado, que foram examinadas através do método da análise de conteúdo. Entre os resultados, vislumbra-se um quadro marcado por projetos profissionais que rompem com a lógica de reprodução do trabalho agrícola familiar, predominantemente voltado para ocupações que proporcionem maiores rendimentos e mais elevado status social. As áreas de atuação dessas profissões concentram-se no mercado de trabalho urbano. Em relação às avaliações e representações presentes nos discursos juvenis, identificam-se contradições na preferência pelo local de moradia e o local de atuação profissional almejado. Destacam-se as avaliações negativas sobre o trabalho agrícola, sobretudo em questões relacionadas à saúde, salubridade do trabalho e condições de envelhecimento no meio rural. Questões familiares, afetivas e aspectos específicos da condição juvenil, marcada pela busca de autonomia e emancipação, permeiam os projetos profissionais em elaboração e denotam um complexo quadro analítico, que ampliam os fatores explicativos do fluxo migratório juvenil.<br>This study examines how the youth’s professional projects in new generation of family farmers are prepared and the perspective of reproduction of the familiar mode of production. The sociological task is to specify the distinctive features of the situation of the youth in family farming, seeking to identify the elements considered in the preparation of their professional projects. The purposes of this study were: 1) to analyze the perspectives of the familiar mode of production starting the youth professional projects; 2) to identify the professional projects of young people associated in agricultural activities in family production units; 3) to identify the aspects considered by young people to assemble their professional projects including their attributed degree of importance; 4) to examine the impressions of young people about the agricultural work and the perspective of permanence in family farming. The conception of this study is initially based on the analysis of secondary data regarding family farming in Brazil, highlighting the studies that consider young farmers as unit of analysis. Subsequent qualitative data were produced by a case study of young farmers who lives in the city of Faxinal do Soturno, a municipality belonging to the fourth colony of Italian immigration in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We performed 36 interviews, consisting of open questions, adopting a semi-structured script, which were examined by the method of content analysis. Among the results were observed a context marked by professional projects that breaks with the succession of the family farm work, converging to occupations that offers higher incomes and an elevated social status. The practice areas of these professions are concentrated in the urban labor market. Regarding the evaluations and representations present in the discourses of the youth, we identify contradictions related to preferences for residential location in relation to the desired location of professional practice. The negative ratings on agricultural work stand out, particularly on issues related to health, salubrity of work and conditions of aging in rural areas. Family and emotional issues, and also specific aspects of the juvenile condition, marked by the pursuit of autonomy and emancipation, permeate the professional projects in development and show a complex analytical framework, which amplify the explanatory factors of migration of youth.
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Hatcher, Hunter R. "Establishing and Evaluating Agricultural Plantings and Supplemental Cover on Reservoir Mudflats as a Means to Increase Juvenile Game Fish Abundance and Growth." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10974650.
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<p> Reservoirs throughout the country exhibit degraded shorelines and simplified littoral habitats because of aging. This study evaluated the establishment of agricultural plantings on reservoir mudflats and the effectiveness of supplemental brush pile structures in providing recruitment habitat for juvenile fish. The mudflats of Enid Reservoir, Mississippi were seeded during the winter drawdown in October of 2016 and 2017 with agricultural plantings. Monitoring of plantings found grasses performed best in terms of establishment and providing potential fish habitat. During Summer 2017 brush piles and control sites, without brush, were sampled in Enid Reservoir using rotenone to evaluate juvenile fish use. Juvenile fish exhibited greater abundances and larger sizes, on average, in brush pile sites. Larger brush piles placed in shallower water provided the greatest benefit to juvenile fish.</p><p>
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José, Neto Joaquim. "JOVENS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DE RUBIATABA-GO: PROCESSOS EDUCATIVOS E PERSPECTIVAS DE REPRODUÇÃO SOCIAL." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2011. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/679.
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Previous issue date: 2011-09-30<br>This study on young people in family farming in Rubiataba, Goiás, and the educational
processes and perspectives of social reproduction, is a doctoral thesis in the field of
research into Education, Society and Culture of the Post-graduate studies in Education
Program at the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás. It set out to analyze the conditions
and environment of the children of family farmers in the region of Baixa Verde,
municipality of Rubiataba, Goiás, in order to understand young people at the heart of the
mechanisms of reproduction of the social group to which they belong. To do so, it
investigated their feelings about their way of being young people, the way of life and work
of their parents, the formal education system, the contribution of formation institutions and
leisure time and how they organize their projects for professional fulfillment.
Questionnaires were distributed to collect data and other techniques, such as semistructured
interviews and asystematic observation, were also used. The adolescent children
of family farmers constitutes a social category which arises out of the socialization of the
process of family farming whose projects are affected by the expansion of capitalism in the
countryside which disregards the wishes and designs of the young, to stay on and earn their
living there. They participate in family units of agricultural production in which
management, work, property, the institution of knowledge, norms and the values of the
family universe predominate. Their families participated in the migration process of the
1940s and 1960s, the so-called March to the West, have settled in the region until today
consolidating their projects of creating, maintaining and reproducing the agricultural model
called family farming, but who are witnessing a decline in their children s hopes of
remaining on in the countryside and, consequently, the future of their properties and
cultural heritage. Participating in a school education, subordinated to the capitalist system,
young people are turning their interests and projects towards opportunities for study and
work in the towns and cities. Soil degradation and the fact that the small farms provide no
room for expansion limit the possibilities for young people to take over farming from their
parents, and are obstacles in the way of the social reproduction of family farming.<br>O presente trabalho Jovens da agricultura familiar de Rubiataba-GO: processos
educativos e perspectivas de reprodução social é uma tese de doutorado que faz parte da
linha de pesquisa Educação, Sociedade e Cultura do Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto
Sensu em Educação (PPGE) da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC Goiás). O
seu propósito foi investigar a condição e a situação juvenil dos filhos de agricultores
familiares da região de Baixa Verde, município de Rubiataba-GO, buscando apreender os
jovens no bojo dos mecanismos de reprodução do grupo social a que pertencem. Com
esse intuito, buscaram-se os sentidos que elaboram em relação ao modo de ser jovem, ao
modo de vida e trabalho dos pais, ao sistema formal de educação, à contribuição das
instituições formadoras e dos momentos de lazer e como organizam seus projetos de
realização profissional. No processo de investigação, utilizaram-se, para a coleta de dados,
a aplicação de questionários, a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada e a observação
assistemática. Os jovens filhos de agricultores familiares são uma categoria social que
surge da socialização no processo de trabalho familiar agrícola, sendo atingidos, em seus
projetos, pela expansão do capitalismo no campo, que desconsidera os anseios e os
projetos dos próprios jovens, de permanência e sobrevivência na agricultura familiar. Eles
participam de unidades familiares de produção agrícola, em que predominam a gestão, o
trabalho, a propriedade, a instituição de saberes, normas e valores do universo da família.
Suas famílias participaram do processo migratório das décadas de 1940 e 1960, a chamada
Marcha para o Oeste, e se instalaram na região até os dias atuais, consolidando seus
projetos de criação, manutenção e reprodução do modelo agrícola denominado agricultura
familiar, mas estão vendo diminuírem as expectativas de permanência dos filhos no campo
e, consequentemente, de futuro para suas propriedades e seu patrimônio cultural.
Participando da educação escolar, subjugada pelo sistema capitalista, os jovens estão
migrando seus interesses e projetos para as oportunidades de estudo e trabalho na cidade.
O desgaste do solo, as propriedades pequenas e sem espaço para ampliação, limitam as
possibilidades de os jovens sucederem os pais na atividade agrícola, são obstáculos para
protagonizarem a reprodução social da agricultura familiar.
Books on the topic "Juvenile Agriculture"
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Woods, Michael. Ancient agriculture: From foraging to farming. Runestone Press, 2000.
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(Firm), Sally Ride Science, ed. George Washington Carver: Agriculture pioneer. Teacher Created Materials, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Juvenile Agriculture"
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"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by Mohammad Abdul Latif Siddique. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch47.
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Abstract.-Hilsa <em>Tenualosa ilisha </em>(Hamilton, 1822) is a major food fish in Bangladesh and is hailed in Bengali as <em>macher raja ilish</em>, meaning "hilsa shad-the king of fish." World catch of hilsa is approximately 0.3-0.4 million metric tons per year and 50-60% are caught in Bangladesh. Hilsa contributes 13-14% of total fish production and 1.25% of the gross domestic product in the country. The marine catch of hilsa increased threefold between 1984 and 2001, but inland production decreased by 19%. Dams lacking fish passage and indiscriminate catching of <em>jatka </em>(juvenile hilsa up to 23 cm long) in rivers are the major reasons for this declining trend in inland production. The livelihood of fishers is also vulnerable since 55% of hilsa and jatka fishers are engaged in inland fishing. Best management practices to control overfishing include conservation of jatka during their emigration from the spawning areas towards the sea to improve both the inland and sea production of hilsa. However, the livelihood of jatka fishers might be threatened during conservation measures because 60% of these fishers have no alternative income, not even subsistence agriculture. Therefore, it is as important to support these fishers (by providing appropriate alternative income generating activities) as it is to protect jatka, to ensure sustainable yields of hilsa in Bangladesh.
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"Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed." In Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed, edited by Kathryn M. Kuivila and G. Edward Moon. American Fisheries Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569599.ch15.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—The San Francisco Estuary is critical habitat for delta smelt <em>Hypomesus transpacificus</em>, a fish whose abundance has declined greatly since 1983 and is now listed as threatened. In addition, the estuary receives drainage from the Central Valley, an urban and agricultural region with intense and diverse pesticide usage. One possible factor of the delta smelt population decline is pesticide toxicity during vulnerable larval and juvenile stages, but pesticide concentrations are not well characterized in delta smelt spawning and nursery habitat. The objective of this study was to estimate the potential exposure of delta smelt during their early life stages to dissolved pesticides. For 3 years (1998–2000), water samples from the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta were collected during April–June in coordination with the California Department of Fish and Game’s delta smelt early life stage monitoring program. Samples were analyzed for pesticides using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Water samples contained multiple pesticides, ranging from 2 to 14 pesticides in each sample. In both 1999 and 2000, elevated concentrations of pesticides overlapped in time and space with peak densities of larval and juvenile delta smelt. In contrast, high spring outflows in 1998 transported delta smelt away from the pesticide sampling sites so that exposure could not be estimated. During 2 years, larval and juvenile delta smelt were potentially exposed to a complex mixture of pesticides for a minimum of 2–3 weeks. Although the measured concentrations were well below short-term (96-h) LC50 values for individual pesticides, the combination of multiple pesticides and lengthy exposure duration could potentially have lethal or sublethal effects on delta smelt, especially during early larval development.
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Soares Da Rocha, Alysson, Camila Rodrigues Santo, Felipe Divino Alves Monteiro, Hugo Gabriel Guedes De Oliveira, Thiago Fontolan Tardivo, and Clauber Rosanova. "EFEITO DA EXPOSIÇÃO DO TRICLORFON EM JUVENIS DETAMBAQUI (COLOSSOMA MACROPOMUM, CURVIER 1881):." In Extensão Rural em Foco: Apoio à Agricultura Familiar, Empreendedorismo e Inovação - Volume 1. Editora Científica Digital, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37885/200600464.
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"Burbot: Ecology, Management, and Culture." In Burbot: Ecology, Management, and Culture, edited by Wayne A. Hubert, David Dufek, Joseph Deromedi, Kevin Johnson, Scott Roth, and David Skates. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569988.ch12.
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Abstract.—Burbot <em>Lota lota</em> are native to the Wind River watershed in Wyoming where they are utilized as a food source by Native Americans and support popular sport fisheries. Burbot are found primarily in three natural-lake systems, Boysen Reservoir on the Wind River, the main stem of the Wind River, and some off-channel man-made lentic systems developed as part of agricultural irrigation projects. Differences in densities, growth, and population structure appear to occur among burbot stocks across the watershed. Known sources of mortality include angling, particularly through the ice during winter, and entrainment of burbot into canal systems that deliver irrigation water to farmlands. It is suspected that the three natural-lake systems serve as sources of burbot recruitment to downstream portions of the watershed. There is a need to assess burbot stocks in lentic waters across the watershed, determine sources of recruitment and downstream movement patterns of juveniles and adults, and identify the effects of angler harvest and entrainment into irrigation canals on the population dynamics of stocks in natural lakes and reservoirs.
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Bastos, Argemiro, Jô Lima, and Marcos Tavares-dias. "EFEITOS DO AUMENTO DA TEMPERATURA NA SOBREVIVÊNCIAE DESEMPENHO DE CRESCIMENTO DE JUVENIS DEMACROBRACHIUM AMAZONICUM (PALAEMONIDAE):." In Extensão Rural em Foco: Apoio à Agricultura Familiar, Empreendedorismo e Inovação - Volume 1. Editora Científica Digital, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37885/200500369.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Juvenile Agriculture"
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Triwati, Ani. "The Best Interest of the Juvenile in the Diversion Agreement within Juvenile Criminal Justice System." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Education, Humanities, Health and Agriculture, ICEHHA 2021, 3-4 June 2021, Ruteng, Flores, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.3-6-2021.2310828.
Full textReports on the topic "Juvenile Agriculture"
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Rajarajan, Kunasekaran, Alka Bharati, Hirdayesh Anuragi, et al. Status of perennial tree germplasm resources in India and their utilization in the context of global genome sequencing efforts. World Agroforestry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp20050.pdf.
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Tree species are characterized by their perennial growth habit, woody morphology, long juvenile period phase, mostly outcrossing behaviour, highly heterozygosity genetic makeup, and relatively high genetic diversity. The economically important trees have been an integral part of the human life system due to their provision of timber, fruit, fodder, and medicinal and/or health benefits. Despite its widespread application in agriculture, industrial and medicinal values, the molecular aspects of key economic traits of many tree species remain largely unexplored. Over the past two decades, research on forest tree genomics has generally lagged behind that of other agronomic crops. Genomic research on trees is motivated by the need to support genetic improvement programmes mostly for food trees and timber, and develop diagnostic tools to assist in recommendation for optimum conservation, restoration and management of natural populations. Research on long-lived woody perennials is extending our molecular knowledge and understanding of complex life histories and adaptations to the environment, enriching a field that has traditionally drawn its biological inference from a few short-lived herbaceous species. These concerns have fostered research aimed at deciphering the genomic basis of complex traits that are related to the adaptive value of trees. This review summarizes the highlights of tree genomics and offers some priorities for accelerating progress in the next decade.