Relevant bibliographies by topics / Just-in-time systems Case studies

Academic literature on the topic 'Just-in-time systems Case studies'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Just-in-time systems Case studies"

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Weyand, Michael. "Real-time control in combined sewer systems in Germany––some case studies." Urban Water 4, no. 4 (December 2002): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1462-0758(02)00031-6.

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Alhumoud, Jasem M., and Nourah Almeshaan. "Time Series Analyses and Modeling of Environmental Systems: Case Studies in Kuwait." Open Civil Engineering Journal 14, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149502014010380.

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Background: Time series is a sequence of measurements made at regular time intervals. Tremendous work has been done on pipe break investigation and maintenance, using different models. However, the authors have not found any research work on pipe failures in water distribution networks using time series. Objective: The principal objective of this paper was to investigate the applications of time series analysis in modeling man-made (pipe breaks) and natural (rainfall) environmental systems. Methods: This objective was satisfied by employing the Time-Domain (Box-Jenkins) approach to assess two case studies in Kuwait of a water distribution network (pipe failures), and from rainfall rates measurement of a solid waste disposal site, respectively. The statistical analysis of these data was conducted with the aid of the BMDP and SAS computer software packages and by the use of the P2T programming procedure for the Box-Jenkins method. Results: The results showed a significant correlation between the data and the time series models provides good estimates of pipe reliability and rainfall measurements. Conclusion: Based on the significant results, time series analyses could and should be useful by water authorities in planning pipe maintenance and inspection. Moreover, it is recommended and it would be very useful to conduct similar studies on pipes carrying other fluids such as gas, air and oil.
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Exman, Iaakov. "Linear Software Models: Standard Modularity Highlights Residual Coupling." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 24, no. 02 (March 2014): 183–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194014500089.

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Modularity — the decoupling of software units — is essential for composition of real software systems from ready-made components. But for a long time one lacked a formal theory of modularity. Recently we have been developing Linear Software Models as rigorous theoretical modularity standards based upon plain Linear Algebra. By these models, decoupling means just linear independence, within a modularity matrix. This paper applies Linear Software Models to software systems, obtaining three consequences: (1) besides decoupling, various informal notions of software engineering, such as software modules, cohesion, and single responsibility, have for the first time a well-defined formal counterpart; (2) canonical building blocks like Software Design Patterns strictly obey the Linear Software Models; (3) larger software systems obey bordered Linear Models, allowing precise location and visualization of residual coupling. The latter consequences are demonstrated by case studies of software systems from the literature. The applicability of the Linear Software Models is quantitatively shown to scale well with system size, for the given case studies.
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Durán, Francisco, Peter Csaba Ölveczky, and José E. Rivera. "Formal Visual Modeling of Real-Time Systems in e-Motions: Two Case Studies." Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science 56 (June 29, 2011): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.56.4.

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Lamine, C., I. Darnhofer, and T. K. Marsden. "What enables just sustainability transitions in agrifood systems? An exploration of conceptual approaches using international comparative case studies." Journal of Rural Studies 68 (May 2019): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.03.010.

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Clemente-López, Daniel, Esteban Tlelo-Cuautle, Luis-Gerardo de la Fraga, José de Jesús Rangel-Magdaleno, and Jesus Manuel Munoz-Pacheco. "Poincaré maps for detecting chaos in fractional-order systems with hidden attractors for its Kaplan-Yorke dimension optimization." AIMS Mathematics 7, no. 4 (2022): 5871–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2022326.

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<abstract><p>The optimization of fractional-order (FO) chaotic systems is challenging when simulating a considerable number of cases for long times, where the primary problem is verifying if the given parameter values will generate chaotic behavior. In this manner, we introduce a methodology for detecting chaotic behavior in FO systems through the analysis of Poincaré maps. The optimization process is performed applying differential evolution (DE) and accelerated particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithms for maximizing the Kaplan-Yorke dimension ($ D_{KY} $) of two case studies: a 3D and a 4D FO chaotic systems with hidden attractors. These FO chaotic systems are solved applying the Grünwald-Letnikov method, and the Numba just-in-time (jit) compiler is used to improve the optimization process's time execution in Python programming language. The optimization results show that the proposed method efficiently optimizes FO chaotic systems with hidden attractors while saving execution time.</p></abstract>
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Michele Moorefield-Lang, Heather. "Makers in the library: case studies of 3D printers and maker spaces in library settings." Library Hi Tech 32, no. 4 (November 11, 2014): 583–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-06-2014-0056.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of 3D printing and maker spaces in various library settings. Insights, challenges, successes, projects as well as recommendations will be shared. Commonalities across libraries 3D printing technologies and maker space learning areas will also explored. Design/methodology/approach – This paper delves into six case studies of librarians that have implemented 3D printers and/or maker spaces in their libraries. The case studies focus on libraries at three different levels: school, public, and higher education with two case studies from each type. The author of this paper will describe the cases, projects, challenges, successes, along with other aspects of 3D printer, and maker space integration. Findings – 3D printing and maker spaces, while very popular in the field of librarianship can be incredibly exciting to implement but they come with challenges and successes just like any type of new technology. Librarians have to be fearless in implementing this technology, willing to learn on their feet, and be excited to explore. Originality/value – At this time most publications on 3D printing are held in the realm of popular publications (blogs, magazines, zines, etc.). Very little has been written on a wider range of case studies where 3D printers and maker spaces have been integrated into libraries of various types. This paper sets the foundation for further exploration in how 3D printing and maker spaces could be a part of library services.
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Vovk Korže, Ana. "INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO EDUCATION ON CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS: SOME CASE STUDIES." GAMTAMOKSLINIS UGDYMAS / NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION 10, no. 1 (March 25, 2013): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu-nse/13.10.35.

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For effective education on current environmental problems in Slovenia two educa-tional polygons were established with the help of the Ministry of Education. The mission of the first educational polygon for ecoremediation is to educate the youth about the adapta-tion to climate change. The focus is on green technologies and natural systems. The polygon for self-learning is intended for teaching practically all generations, not just schoolchildren, how to raise the awareness of their own self-sufficient supply. The emphasis is on protection of soil and organic matter in sustaining life in the soil. Key words: adaptation to climate change, ecoremediation, environmental problems, learn-ing by doing, self-sufficient supply.
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Purushotham, Archana, and Alex Hankey. "Vegetarian Diets, Ayurveda, and the Case for an Integrative Nutrition Science." Medicina 57, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090858.

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Two recent studies of the health effects of vegetarian diets reported conflicting results: the EPIC-Oxford study reported a significant increase in strokes among vegetarians compared to meat-eaters among a predominantly Caucasian cohort, while another, performed on Taiwanese Buddhists, reported significantly lower incidence of strokes among vegetarians. This was doubly puzzling given the pronounced decrease in cardiovascular events among the EPIC-Oxford group. In this article, we make a detailed comparison of the actual dietary intake of various food groups by the cohorts in these studies. We then use the nutritional principles of Ayurveda—traditional Indian medicine—to show how these apparently contradictory results may be explained. Systems of traditional medicine such as Ayurveda possess profound knowledge of the effects of food on physiology. Ayurveda takes into account not just the type of food, but also multiple other factors such as taste, temperature, and time of consumption. Traditional cuisines have evolved hand in hand with such systems of medicine to optimize nutrition in the context of local climate and food availability. Harnessing the experiential wisdom of these traditional systems to create an integrative nutrition science would help fight the ongoing epidemic of chronic lifestyle diseases, and improve health and wellness.
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DAVIDSSON, PAUL, and FREDRIK WERNSTEDT. "A multi-agent system architecture for coordination of just-in-time production and distribution." Knowledge Engineering Review 17, no. 4 (December 2002): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888903000560.

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A multi-agent system architecture for coordination of just-in-time production and distribution is presented. The problem to solve is twofold: first the right amount of resources at the right time should be produced, then these resources should be distributed to the right consumers. In order to solve the first problem, which is hard when the production and/or distribution time is relatively long, each consumer is equipped with an agent that makes predictions of future needs that it sends to a production agent. The second part of the problem is approached by forming clusters of consumers within which it is possible to redistribute resources fast and at a low cost in order to cope with discrepancies between predicted and actual consumption. Redistribution agents are introduced (one for each cluster) to manage the redistribution of resources. The suggested architecture is evaluated in a case study concerning management of district heating systems. Results from a simulation study show that the suggested approach makes it possible to control the trade-off between quality of service and degree of surplus production. We also compare the suggested approach to a reference control scheme (approximately corresponding to the current approach to district heating management), and conclude that it is possible to reduce the amount of resources produced while maintaining the quality of service. Finally, we describe a simulation experiment where the relation between the size of the clusters and the quality of service was studied.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Just-in-time systems Case studies"

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Kazak, Кatsiaryna, and Yee Choi Wing. "Improving Customer Service through Just-in-Time Distribution : Fitting into the customer’s service offer in case of ELECTROLUX LAUNDRY SYSTEMS." Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2042.

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The international environment today has been undergoing unprecedented change and many companies are seeking new ways to stand out from the competition by sustaining their competitive advantage. Internationalization and firms’ consolidation increase competition in the dynamic marketplace .Companies are no longer staying competitive simply through focusing on product quality and pricing as customers are becoming more high-demanding related to customer service offer. This issue directs the companies’ main focus today to address the customer needs in the ever-changing environment.In order to be the winners in the marketplace, timing and superior customer service are becoming the keys to attain competitive advantage for a company. Time-based competition is an important issue that many companies are facing currently as customers are becoming more time-sensitive and time-oriented in terms of better services, reliability and delivery. To keep up with the changes in demand from customers, it is important to satisfy customers’ objectives and needs in order to provide superior customer service, thus, establish good relationship with them. In the ever-changing and dynamic business environment company needs to adapt and exploit the changes in order to meet the new challenges in the marketplace. It is crucial for the company to respond to changing needs of existing customers and seeking to serve new customers externally. The ways to renew the customers’ services and how they are delivered are critical capabilities for many companies to acquire nowadays. This leads to increasing interaction between marketing and logistics where logistics is considered a platform for supporting new strategic moves on the market.This master thesis originates from a need to research the links between customer service improvement and Just-in-time distribution in order to sustain competitive advantage. We propose to extend the Just-In-Time concept to incorporate a customer perspective, which results in changes the warehousing, ordering and delivering routines. Subsequently, this creates timing ability as well as coordination of information and material flows through timely decisions, which are difficult for competitors to emulate. Based on our analysis and conclusion, companies are recommended to shift from the traditional production-oriented to market-oriented focuses through incorporation of customers' perspective into the value chain. To deploy this, companies should start from the customer end and understand customers' needs and establish mutual beneficial relationships with customers. Long-lasting business relationships ultimately determine the success of the company. Furthermore, we conclude that successful learning to change the routines requires time for the transformation of traditional delivery practice to perform direct deliveries activities. They are based on the common understanding of the tasks and rules as well as common codes of internal coordination processes.

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Glaser-Segura, Daniel A. (Daniel Armand). "The Influence of Interorganizational Trust, Individualism and Collectivism, and Superordinate Goal of JIT/TQM on Interorganizational Cooperation: An Exploratory Analysis of Institutions in Mexico." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278619/.

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Since their introduction to the United States from Japan in the 1980s, inter-organizational cooperation practices between buyers and suppliers have provided lower costs, shorter development and production cycles, and higher levels of quality and productivity. Many studies of interorganizational cooperation have relied on transaction cost economicsframeworks,which ignore cultural differences. Few studies have analyzed inter-organizational cooperation in Mexico, a less-developed country (LDC) with a cultural and industrial environment differentfromthe U.S. This study is concerned with the influence of interorganizational trust, individualism and collectivism (indcol), and the superordinate goal ofjust-in-time/total quality management (JIT/TQM) on inter-organizational cooperation.
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Vail, Richard Lansing. "A contingency approach to just-in-time production systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303915.

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Hwang, Sun Moon. "Studies of Just-In-Time production systems applied to electronics companies." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389794.

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Chaw, Chi-chuen. "Just-in-time (JIT) concept : a case study of its implementation in a computer peripheral manufacturer in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13055197.

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Chaw, Chi-chuen, and 周志聰. "Just-in-time (JIT) concept: a case study of its implementation in a computer peripheral manufacturer in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264876.

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Deokar, Sachin S. "Performance evaluation of multi-product Kanban-like control systems." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000558.

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Rosén, Jan-Peter, and Kari Haukirauma. "Gaining Competitiveness Trough Understanding Critical Factors Affecting the Production System : A Case study in cooperation with GKN Driveline Köping AB." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-19494.

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Globalization and the increasing time to market have led to ever-higher requirements on the production systems. More than often the short-term thinking and the chase for profit lead to cheap quick fixes. The manufacturing industry changes slowly while the market is changing rapidly, which requires long-term planning for capacity increase but at the same time the ability to rapidly respond to changes. The most crucial factors determining the ability to efficiently produce and deliver a product to market is the utilized production system and a well stated manufacturing strategy. The choice of a certain production system depends on company conditions and requirements as well as the market demands. The current production systems performance and ability to handle different production volumes and divergence must be considered and evaluated from an economical perspective. During this thesis work the benefits and disadvantages with batch flow and one-piece flow have been examined. Generally one-piece flow had been considered the most efficient regarding performance and economical aspects. Meanwhile, batch flow had some benefits associated to it regarding high level of flexibility to handle several different product variants and better possibilities to govern the material flow compared to one-piece flow. There has also been examined which are the most crucial factors affecting the choice between one-piece flow and batch flow. It emerged during the thesis work that the most crucial factor affecting the choice of production system was the Manufacturing Strategy. It can be considered as the ground for every decision regarding the production system and future investments. It determines where the company currently stands, where they want to be in the future and which steps they need to take to get there. The economical factor is as least as important because all decisions include more or less costly investments. At the same time the chosen production system must be as efficient as possible and generate money for the company. Based on these two main factors other interesting factors have been presented. These factors may not affect the choice as much, but are to be considered as important in this context The most crucial factors found to affect the choice of a production system were; Manufacturing Strategy, Economical factors, Production planning and control, Flexibility and capacity, Production volume, variants and trends. The research work has been conducted over a twenty-week period, during which data collection has been performed via Multiple Case Studies at four companies manufacturing similar components within the light and heavy automotive industry. Additional data collection has been performed through a literature review by examining relevant material for the research questions. This have led to a collected knowledge base regarding benefits and disadvantages with each production system along with underlying reasons for deciding on one of them. Based on the collected material from the Case Studies and the theoretical findings, a Mind map visualizing the crucial factors affecting the choice of a production system is presented. This can be utilized by the companies in order for structured evaluation of their current production system and for planning for future changes within production.
Globaliseringen och den ökande pressen på företag att producera och få ut produkter på marknaden på kortast möjliga tid har lett till att det ställs allt högre krav på produktionssystemen. Allför ofta leder kortsiktigt tänkande och jakten på vinster till att företag väljer enkla och billiga snabblösningar. Tillverkningsindustrin förändras långsamt medans marknaden ändras fort, vilket kräver att företagen kan planera för långsiktiga kapacitetsökningar och ändå ha beredskap för att snabbt kunna anpassa sig till förändringar. Det som till allra största del avgör hur effektivt man kan producera och leverera en produkt till marknaden är vilket produktionssystem ett företag använder samt en välformulerad tillverkningsstrategi. Vilket produktionssystem man väljer är beroende av vilka förutsättningar och krav ett företag har lika mycket som av marknadskraven. Man måste ta hänsyn till det nuvarande produktionssystemets prestanda och möjlighet att hantera ändrade produktionsvolymer och variantflora och utvärdera detta ur en ekonomisk synvinkel. Under detta examensarbete har för- och nackdelar med batchflöde och enstycksflöde undersökts och utvärderats. Generellt sätt har enstycksflöde konstaterats vara mest effektivt rent ekonomiskt och prestandamässigt. Däremot, har batchflöde tilldelats fördelar som hög flexibilitet att hantera olika produktvarianter och bättre möjligheter att styra materialflödet jämfört med enstycksflöde. Det har även undersökts vilka som är de mest avgörande faktorerna som styr valet av enstycksflöde eller batchflöde. Under arbetets gång framkom det att den mest avgörande faktorn som påverkar valet av produktionssystem var företagets Produktionsstrategi. Den kan anses vara grunden för alla beslut rörande produktionssystemet och framtida satsningar. Där visar man var företaget befinner sig idag samt var man vill vara i framtiden och vilka beslut man måste ta för att ta sig dit. Den ekonomiska faktorn är minst lika viktig, då alla beslut i slutändan handlar om mer eller mindre kostsamma investeringar. Samtidigt måste det valda produktionssystemet vara så effektivt som möjligt och generera pengar till företaget. Med utgångspunkt från dessa två huvudfaktorer har andra intressanta faktorer tagits fram, som inte påverkar valet av produktionssystem i lika hög grad, men som ändå kan anses vara viktiga i sammanhanget. Forskningsarbetet har bedrivits under 20 veckors tid, där datainsamling har utförts via fallstudier på fyra företag som tillverkar liknande komponenter inom fordonsindustrin. Vidare datainsamling har gjorts genom en litteraturstudie där relevant material för forskningsfrågorna har undersökts. Detta har lett till en samlad kunskapsbas gällande för- och nackdelar med de respektive produktionssystemen samt bakomliggande orsaker till att välja något av dessa produktionssystem. Utifrån det samlade materialet från fallstudierna samt de teoretiska rönen har sedan en tankekarta tagits fram, som visualiserar de avgörande faktorerna som påverkar valet av ett produktionssystem. Denna tankekarta kan företag använda sig av för att på ett strukturerat sätt utvärdera nuvarande produktionssystemet samt planera för framtida förändringar inom produktionen.
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Portin, Bradley S. "Primary headship in a time of systemic change : conceptions of leadership : case studies of three Oxfordshire primary headteachers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a7bc8ed0-ae19-41b9-be25-9d75025e1185.

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The primary headship in England and Wales is in a time of fundamental change and increasing expectations. The influences of recent education acts, and forces, such as choice, parent and governor participation, and increasing LMS responsibility have contributed to a changing headship context. The relative paucity of research which develops a qualitative understanding of primary headteacher perspectives lends an imperative to this qualitative study. A number of central research questions are posed to explore headteacher conceptions of leadership, the influential forces which shape those conceptions, and the context of primary school development. Particular attention is paid to the influence of reflective practice and critical theory as a contribution to professional development. The literature review examines the historic and thematic development of 20th century leadership and management theory. Particular emphasis is placed on what has been termed 'transformational leadership' and the influence of 'reflective practice' in professional development. A case is made for substantive differences between leadership and management, with leadership forming the central core of the study. The data sources were case studies of three perceived 'effective' Oxfordshire primary headteachers; the headteachers represented an opportunity sample of large, multiplestaff primary schools. Semi-structured interviews represented the primary data source, however a breadth of methods were used to form a 'thick' description of the headteacher and school ethos. The repertory grid technique was utilised to illuminate the central constructs which guided the headteachers' conceptions of leadership. Findings from the study are grouped in three areas. The findings suggest headteacher conceptions of leadership were largely idiosyncratic and person-oriented. In addition, a mixed nominal understanding of the terms 'leader' and 'manager' was expressed by the participants. It was found that the headteacher's conception of leadership were influenced by the transitional nature of the headship role. Greater responsibility for LMS, and other governmental forces were indicated as strongly shaping factors. Findings point to the espousal of a number of transformational views, and all headteachers used language of reflective practice to describe a number of the professional development goals of the school. A sense of 'critical' reflection was also present, especially as schools prepared for inspection. The study concludes by discussing the implications for leadership theory and the suggestions for further research in area of headteacher development and evolving conceptions of leadership.
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Chabaneix, Nicole. "Exploring change agent strategies in navigating transformation towards safe and just agri-food systems in South Africa - A case study of the SPAR Rural hub project." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-194232.

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Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) champions the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services to help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. Moreover, EbA presents an exemplary opportunity to confer social-ecological resilience. But how can such initiatives be effectively implemented and managed towards a resilient supply of key ecosystem services? Through case study research on community-led water sow and harvest (WSH) – a traditional form of EbA in the Peruvian Andes – this thesis explores social-ecological conditions for self-organization, collaboration and learning for the adoption of the practice, as well as the emergence of adaptive co-management (ACM) and its potential for building local water resilience. Qualitative data collected from interviews and participatory observations were thematically coded, and analysed for self-organization using the Multilevel Nested Framework (Ostrom 2009) and subsequently for social learning using ACM literature. This study found that self-organization for the adoption of WSH was primarily influenced by strong leadership, the importance of the water resource to the community, and users bonded by formal institutions of collective choice and social norms rooted in Andean culture. In addition, four types of collaboration and five learning activities were found to conform a social learning process and result in social learning outcomes for enhanced adaptive capacity, indicating the emergence of ACM around community-led WSH. By supporting knowledge exchange through a social network, ACM allows the practice to be scaled-up to create enabling legislation, scaled-out to increase the number of communities adopting WSH, and scaleddeep to support cultural internalization of the practice. Such scaling can potentially enable community-led WSH to build local water resilience through: 1) implementation at the landscape level to match the scale of ecological processes that sustain water ecosystem services; and 2) continuous management over time to support adaptive forms of water resource governance in the face of change and uncertainty.
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Books on the topic "Just-in-time systems Case studies"

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Sepehri, Mehran. Just-in-time, not just in Japan: Case studies of American pioneers in JIT implementation. Falls Church, VA: American Production and Inventory Control Society, 1986.

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Crawford, Karlene M. Performance measurement systems and theJIT philosophy: Principles and cases. Falls Church, Va: American Production and Inventory Control Society, 1988.

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Crawford, Karlene M. Performance measurement systems and the JIT philosophy: Principles and cases. Falls Church, VA: American Production and Inventory Control Society, 1988.

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Lingnau, Hildegard. Lean management als Konzept zur Reform öffentlicher Verwaltungen in Afrika südlich der Sahara: Schlussfolgerungen aus den Verwaltungsreformen Benins und Ugandas. Köln: Weltforum, 1996.

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Burnham, John M. Just-in-time in a major process industry: Case studies of JIT implementation at ALCOA. Falls Church, Va: American Production and Inventory Control Society, 1986.

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Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., ed. Improving in-plant logistics by process reengineering: Case study. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2003.

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Spencer, Michael S. Directions in American production: How repetitive manufacturing occurs. Falls Church, VA: APICS, the Educational Society for Resource Management, 1996.

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Agir ou périr: Survivre dans la jungle de la mondialisation. [Montréal]: Presses internationales Polytechnique, 2006.

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Burnham, John M. Just-in-time in a major process industry: Condensed version : a look at just-in-time at the Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA), published in condensed form for distribution at the 1986 APICS Zero Inventory/Just-in-Time Seminar, Hilton Head, SC, July 21-23. Falls Church, Va: American Production and Inventory Control Society, 1986.

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Pheng, Low Sui. Managing productivity in construction: JIT operations and measurements. Aldershot, Hants., England: Brookfield, Vt., 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Just-in-time systems Case studies"

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Sáenz-Zamarrón, David, Carlos González-Arredondo, and Nancy Ivette Arana-De-Las-Casas. "Lean Automation Case Study: Down-Time Reduction in a Paper Unwinding Machine." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 233–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00856-6_11.

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Amro, Aya. "Evaluation of Using Computer Assisted Telephone Interview Mode of Data Collection in the Time of COVID–19 Pandemic—Palestine Case." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 203–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10212-7_18.

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Calvo, Rafael A., Dorian Peters, Karina Vold, and Richard M. Ryan. "Supporting Human Autonomy in AI Systems: A Framework for Ethical Enquiry." In Philosophical Studies Series, 31–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50585-1_2.

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Abstract Autonomy has been central to moral and political philosophy for millennia, and has been positioned as a critical aspect of both justice and wellbeing. Research in psychology supports this position, providing empirical evidence that autonomy is critical to motivation, personal growth and psychological wellness. Responsible AI will require an understanding of, and ability to effectively design for, human autonomy (rather than just machine autonomy) if it is to genuinely benefit humanity. Yet the effects on human autonomy of digital experiences are neither straightforward nor consistent, and are complicated by commercial interests and tensions around compulsive overuse. This multi-layered reality requires an analysis that is itself multidimensional and that takes into account human experience at various levels of resolution. We borrow from HCI and psychological research to apply a model (“METUX”) that identifies six distinct spheres of technology experience. We demonstrate the value of the model for understanding human autonomy in a technology ethics context at multiple levels by applying it to the real-world case study of an AI-enhanced video recommender system. In the process we argue for the following three claims: (1) There are autonomy-related consequences to algorithms representing the interests of third parties, and they are not impartial and rational extensions of the self, as is often perceived; (2) Designing for autonomy is an ethical imperative critical to the future design of responsible AI; and (3) Autonomy-support must be analysed from at least six spheres of experience in order to appropriately capture contradictory and downstream effects.
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Ramesh, Maneesha Vinodini, Hemalatha Thirugnanam, Balmukund Singh, M. Nitin Kumar, and Divya Pullarkatt. "Landslide Early Warning Systems: Requirements and Solutions for Disaster Risk Reduction—India." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 259–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_21.

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AbstractGlobally the prevalence of landslides has increased, impacting more than 4.8 million people between 1998 and 2017 and reported more than 18,000 casualties [UNDP]. The scenario has worsened dramatically, and it has become imperative to develop early warning systems to save human life. This demands the need for systems that could identify the potential of imminent landslides and disseminate the information related to landslide initiation in real-time. This would provide the opportunity to save lives. However, globally the research on reliable end-to-end systems for early warning of landslides is still in its nascent stage. Therefore, this paper explores in detail the requirements for developing systems for real-time monitoring, detection, and early warning of landslides. An integrated solution for building the real-time landslide monitoring and early warning system to provide community-scale disaster resilience is also proposed. This solution integrates multiple modules such as a heterogeneous sensor system, data storage and management, event detection framework, alert dissemination, and emergency communication system to address issues such as capturing dynamic variability, managing multi-scale voluminous datasets, extracting key triggering information regarding the onset of possible landslide, multilevel alert dissemination, and robust emergency communication among the stakeholders respectively. The paper also presents two case studies of real-time landslide early warning systems deployed in North-eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats of India. These case studies demonstrate the approaches utilized for risk assessment, risk analysis, risk evaluation, risk visualization, risk control, risk communication, and risk governance. The results from the deployed system in the case study areas demonstrate the capability of the IoT system to gather Spatio-temporal triggers for multiple types of landslides, detection and decision of specific scenarios, and the impact of real-time data on mitigating the imminent disaster.
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Reimers, Fernando M., and Francisco Marmolejo. "Conclusions: What Innovations Resulted from University–School Collaborations During the COVID-19 Pandemic?" In Knowledge Studies in Higher Education, 333–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82159-3_22.

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AbstractBased on a cross-case analysis of the studies presented in this book, this study concludes that during the COVID-19 pandemic, universities engaged with school systems and school networks to sustain educational opportunity. They did so through entrepreneurial educational innovation in ways which helped integrate their research, teaching, and outreach functions. This finding speaks to the nature of universities as learning organizations, open to their external environment, not just to respond to changes in it, but to shape it.This chapter identifies seven innovations that universities advanced in their collaborations with schools: Research and analysis to support decision-makers in formulating strategies of educational continuity (outreach and research). Advancing knowledge based on research in schools in the context of the pandemic (research). Instructional and technological resources and online platforms for students and teachers, including efforts to support connectivity (outreach and teaching). Professional development for teachers, education administrators, and parents (outreach). Highlighting the importance of attention to socio-emotional support for students (outreach). Organizational learning and innovation (synergies among research, teaching, and outreach). Innovations in teaching: Engaging university students in these collaborations with schools (teaching). These seven innovations include products, solutions, processes, and managerial improvements, and for the most part they are evolutionary innovations and, in some cases, revolutionary.These collaborations were facilitated by and, in turn, reinforced three institutional processes supportive of outreach: University mission and strategy Collaboration and institutional integration Structures and preexisting collaborations with schools
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Reimers, Fernando M., and Francisco Marmolejo. "Conclusions: What Innovations Resulted from University–School Collaborations During the COVID-19 Pandemic?" In Knowledge Studies in Higher Education, 333–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82159-3_22.

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AbstractBased on a cross-case analysis of the studies presented in this book, this study concludes that during the COVID-19 pandemic, universities engaged with school systems and school networks to sustain educational opportunity. They did so through entrepreneurial educational innovation in ways which helped integrate their research, teaching, and outreach functions. This finding speaks to the nature of universities as learning organizations, open to their external environment, not just to respond to changes in it, but to shape it.This chapter identifies seven innovations that universities advanced in their collaborations with schools: Research and analysis to support decision-makers in formulating strategies of educational continuity (outreach and research). Advancing knowledge based on research in schools in the context of the pandemic (research). Instructional and technological resources and online platforms for students and teachers, including efforts to support connectivity (outreach and teaching). Professional development for teachers, education administrators, and parents (outreach). Highlighting the importance of attention to socio-emotional support for students (outreach). Organizational learning and innovation (synergies among research, teaching, and outreach). Innovations in teaching: Engaging university students in these collaborations with schools (teaching). These seven innovations include products, solutions, processes, and managerial improvements, and for the most part they are evolutionary innovations and, in some cases, revolutionary.These collaborations were facilitated by and, in turn, reinforced three institutional processes supportive of outreach: University mission and strategy Collaboration and institutional integration Structures and preexisting collaborations with schools
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Sergey, Kosaretsky, and Likhatskikh Elena. "Supporting Elementary and Secondary Education During the Pandemic: A Case Study from the National Research University Higher School of Economics." In Knowledge Studies in Higher Education, 243–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82159-3_16.

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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has presented a formidable challenge to the Russian school system. Such global challenges and crises highlight the significance of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE)’s third mission: responsibility for the well-being of the community.As one of the first universities to offer support to elementary and secondary education systems in Russia during the pandemic, the HSE relied on its ability to create new scientific knowledge and make it useful in practice to provide versatile and targeted aid for students, teachers, regional administrators, and parents across the country. There were two main vectors of HSE activity at the time of the pandemic: (1) promoting the development of the Russian education system through research, monitoring, and coordination of scholars and analysts and (2) direct work with secondary and high school stakeholders using contemporary approaches for talent development and digital tools.The pandemic revealed the importance of developing new areas of research and analysis. In line with the first vector, the HSE focused on: Monitoring and studying the situation and collecting and promoting university and school case studies on organizing work during a pandemic Leading and participating in professional reflections and discussions regarding experiences and training practices in the context of a lockdown The institution organized an array of surveys with students, teachers, parents, and representatives from regional and municipal education organizations and analyzed the results as quickly as possible. The main areas of research were problems of educational inequality and digital transformation. Based on the collected data, the Institute of Education managed to publish more than 30 analytical works between April and June of 2020.For the second vector, the HSE developed programs that seek to expand its geographic reach, implement flexible recruitment, and digitize communication with school students. Such programs aimed at: Training personnel while consulting with administrators and educators on the technological and legal aspects of the work of schools. Providing online instruction and assistance for students learning software tools and preparing for exams. Helping parents arrange support for children in the transition to distance learning. For this period, the HSE quickly and effectively expanded cooperation with schools in Moscow and regions around Russia that the institution developed over the last 15 years. Key current projects working in this direction are: The HSE School District The Lyceum Distributed Schools The Higher Students Academy The Higher School for Parents
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Sergey, Kosaretsky, and Likhatskikh Elena. "Supporting Elementary and Secondary Education During the Pandemic: A Case Study from the National Research University Higher School of Economics." In Knowledge Studies in Higher Education, 243–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82159-3_16.

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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has presented a formidable challenge to the Russian school system. Such global challenges and crises highlight the significance of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE)’s third mission: responsibility for the well-being of the community.As one of the first universities to offer support to elementary and secondary education systems in Russia during the pandemic, the HSE relied on its ability to create new scientific knowledge and make it useful in practice to provide versatile and targeted aid for students, teachers, regional administrators, and parents across the country. There were two main vectors of HSE activity at the time of the pandemic: (1) promoting the development of the Russian education system through research, monitoring, and coordination of scholars and analysts and (2) direct work with secondary and high school stakeholders using contemporary approaches for talent development and digital tools.The pandemic revealed the importance of developing new areas of research and analysis. In line with the first vector, the HSE focused on: Monitoring and studying the situation and collecting and promoting university and school case studies on organizing work during a pandemic Leading and participating in professional reflections and discussions regarding experiences and training practices in the context of a lockdown The institution organized an array of surveys with students, teachers, parents, and representatives from regional and municipal education organizations and analyzed the results as quickly as possible. The main areas of research were problems of educational inequality and digital transformation. Based on the collected data, the Institute of Education managed to publish more than 30 analytical works between April and June of 2020.For the second vector, the HSE developed programs that seek to expand its geographic reach, implement flexible recruitment, and digitize communication with school students. Such programs aimed at: Training personnel while consulting with administrators and educators on the technological and legal aspects of the work of schools. Providing online instruction and assistance for students learning software tools and preparing for exams. Helping parents arrange support for children in the transition to distance learning. For this period, the HSE quickly and effectively expanded cooperation with schools in Moscow and regions around Russia that the institution developed over the last 15 years. Key current projects working in this direction are: The HSE School District The Lyceum Distributed Schools The Higher Students Academy The Higher School for Parents
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Hsu, Tzu-Han, César Sánchez, and Borzoo Bonakdarpour. "Bounded Model Checking for Hyperproperties." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 94–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72016-2_6.

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AbstractThis paper introduces a bounded model checking (BMC) algorithm for hyperproperties expressed in HyperLTL, which — to the best of our knowledge — is the first such algorithm. Just as the classic BMC technique for LTL primarily aims at finding bugs, our approach also targets identifying counterexamples. BMC for LTL is reduced to SAT solving, because LTL describes a property via inspecting individual traces. Our BMC approach naturally reduces to QBF solving, as HyperLTL allows explicit and simultaneous quantification over multiple traces. We report on successful and efficient model checking, implemented in our tool called , of a rich set of experiments on a variety of case studies, including security, concurrent data structures, path planning for robots, and mutation testing.
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Ma, Yue, Junlong Zhou, Thidapat Chantem, Robert P. Dick, and X. Sharon Hu. "Resource Management for Improving Overall Reliability of Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip." In Dependable Embedded Systems, 233–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52017-5_10.

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AbstractMulti-processor systems on a chip (MPSoCs) are widely deployed in real-time embedded systems. In such systems, soft-error reliability (caused by transient faults) and lifetime reliability (caused by permanent faults) are both imperative design concerns. Most existing work considers only one of the two classes of faults. Unfortunately, techniques that increase one may adversely impact the other. Achieving high overall reliability requires a trade-off of soft-error reliability and lifetime reliability. In this chapter, we first introduce concepts and models associated with the two reliability metrics, then present two techniques that optimize them separately. Finally, we show how to make appropriate trade-offs using two case studies involving “big–little” type MPSoCs and CPU–GPU integrated MPSoCs.
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Conference papers on the topic "Just-in-time systems Case studies"

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Chao, Lawrence P., and Kosuke Ishii. "Product Platform Design and the Gate Model: Lessons From Industry Case Studies." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59190.

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Organizations that seek long-term success no longer depend on just one product but rather a platform of products that target key markets. Time-to-market pressures and globally distributed engineering design environments demand support through life-cycle models, particularly in the early stages of product development, for an effective product platform. Product definition and structured processes such as gate models are necessary in platform design for organizations to focus their effort on developing families of products that share common components and technology. This paper discusses conventions and research directions in different industries, describes methods in use, and explains a roadmap for product platform development. Case studies of laser printer, industrial robot, and AC motor drive controller platform development further explore challenges in platform design and the role of gate models. The paper concludes with gate model lessons and proposed work to further this research including decision analytic and system approaches.
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Wasnik, Rakesh Vasant, Srinivasa Rao, Harendra Singh, and Faris Ragheb Kamal. "Process Safety Time Analysis for Design of Upstream Project Facility – Case Studies." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31752-ms.

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Abstract Detailed Process Safety time (PST) Analysis involves identifying various scenarios, comparing estimated PST with actual Response time to realistically evaluate robustness and effectiveness of Instrumented Protection System (IPS). This paper discusses the application of PST to provide cost effective design without compromising the safety and integrity of upstream oil and gas project facilities. IPS is one of the Safety Instrumented systems used to detect and prevent the potential hazardous events. Cost benefit of IPS depends on safety integrity level required to reduce the risk of undesired events to tolerable level. Main criteria to evaluate performance of IPS system is to compare the PST and response time by IPS to detect the deviation and complete the safe action. If the response time is lower than estimated PST (50 % PST), then it helps to realistically evaluate and mitigate hazardous events such as over pressurization scenario in low pressure system due to high pressure source. PST is determined by developing transient simulation model considering various operating and hazardous scenarios while Response time is obtained from vendor supplying the various components of IPS. The three case studies presented in this paper describes the method to estimate PST and its application in actual upstream oil and gas projects. Summary of these case studies is described below: Case Study 1: Identify the location of HIPPS.Case Study 2: Evaluate existing IPS for increased productionCase Study 3: Optimize the design by derating the topside project facilities. In Case Study 1, different options are explored to locate HIPPS and PST is estimated for over pressurization of low-pressure system. Based on PST and achievable response time, location of HIPPS is finalized. In case Study 2, Set Pressure of high-high pressure trip is reduced to increase PST, thereby helps IPS to trip high pressure source before it pressurized low pressure existing system. Case Study 3 presents the results of various option explored to fix the design pressure of the system mainly upstream and downstream of choke valve in well head production facilities.
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Wasnik, Rakesh Vasant, Srinivasa Rao, Harendra Singh, and Faris Ragheb Kamal. "Process Safety Time Analysis for Design of Upstream Project Facility – Case Studies." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31752-ms.

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Abstract Detailed Process Safety time (PST) Analysis involves identifying various scenarios, comparing estimated PST with actual Response time to realistically evaluate robustness and effectiveness of Instrumented Protection System (IPS). This paper discusses the application of PST to provide cost effective design without compromising the safety and integrity of upstream oil and gas project facilities. IPS is one of the Safety Instrumented systems used to detect and prevent the potential hazardous events. Cost benefit of IPS depends on safety integrity level required to reduce the risk of undesired events to tolerable level. Main criteria to evaluate performance of IPS system is to compare the PST and response time by IPS to detect the deviation and complete the safe action. If the response time is lower than estimated PST (50 % PST), then it helps to realistically evaluate and mitigate hazardous events such as over pressurization scenario in low pressure system due to high pressure source. PST is determined by developing transient simulation model considering various operating and hazardous scenarios while Response time is obtained from vendor supplying the various components of IPS. The three case studies presented in this paper describes the method to estimate PST and its application in actual upstream oil and gas projects. Summary of these case studies is described below: Case Study 1: Identify the location of HIPPS.Case Study 2: Evaluate existing IPS for increased productionCase Study 3: Optimize the design by derating the topside project facilities. In Case Study 1, different options are explored to locate HIPPS and PST is estimated for over pressurization of low-pressure system. Based on PST and achievable response time, location of HIPPS is finalized. In case Study 2, Set Pressure of high-high pressure trip is reduced to increase PST, thereby helps IPS to trip high pressure source before it pressurized low pressure existing system. Case Study 3 presents the results of various option explored to fix the design pressure of the system mainly upstream and downstream of choke valve in well head production facilities.
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Davoud, Mohammad S. "Rapid Prototyping Systems: Types, Case Studies, and Integration in a Mechanical Engineering Technology Program." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80478.

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This paper describes the current types and applications of rapid prototyping (RP) systems. The capabilities of various types of RP systems are outlined, as are the benefits these systems offer when compared to traditional manufacturing methods, case studies are presented to show how some companies have reduced development costs and time-to-market by implementing RP technology. Finally, it outlines a plan for implementation of a RP system in a Mechanical Engineering Technology curriculum.
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Sipahi, Rifat, and Nejat Olgac. "Stability Analysis of Multiple Time Delayed Systems Using the Direct Method." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41495.

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A novel treatment for the stability of a class of linear time invariant (LTI) systems with rationally independent multiple time delays using the Direct Method (DM) is studied. Since they appear in many practical applications in the systems and control community, this class of dynamics has attracted considerable interest. The stability analysis is very complex because of the infinite dimensional nature (even for single delay) of the dynamics and furthermore the multiplicity of these delays. The stability problem is much more challenging compared to the TDS with commensurate time delays (where time delays have rational relations). It is shown in an earlier publication of the authors that the DM brings a unique, exact and structured methodology for the stability analysis of commensurate time delayed cases. The transition from the commensurate time delays to multiple delay case motivates our study. It is shown that the DM reveals all possible stability regions in the space of multiple time delays. The systems that are considered do not have to possess stable behavior for zero delays. We present a numerical example on a system, which is considered “prohibitively difficult” in the literature, just to exhibit the strengths of the new procedure.
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Meskell, Craig, Garret O’Donnell, Petr Eret, Colin Harris, Tom De Lasa, and Tom Whelan. "Industrial Compressed Air Use: Two Case Studies." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30262.

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While there are several best practice standards available for minimizing the energy requirement for compressed air use in an industrial context, moving to best practice often requires investment and operational change. In production facilities, there is often a reluctance to commit to this type of change without a clear view of the benefit. Furthermore, there is very little detailed information available in the open literature that allows even a qualitative assessment of priorities. In order to address this shortcoming, analyses of two industrial compressed air systems which are already installed in manufacturing plants have been conducted in the context of energy usage. The installations are quite different in compressed air needs: one is focused on actuation and drying; while the other uses compressed air primarily for material handling. In both sites, the energy of the compressed air is evaluated at each key element of the system and the typical end use application profile is assessed. Simple models of the consumption rates are used to relate duty cycle and device count with actual total consumption. A new way of assessing the leak rate from the entire system has been developed, based on the pressure decay time, and has been implemented at one site. In this way, the energy balance of the system entire has been analyzed quantitatively, with the effect of distribution leaks accounted for directly. It is found that in both sites, open blowing operations (e.g. drying) are the largest, consumers which are amenable to optimization. It is also found that the measured leak rate at one site represented 23% of the compressed air generated, with an energy input of 455kWh per day. It is concluded that this approach can help to identify priorities for optimizing CA use at an industrial site.
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Guha, Anirudh, Abhishek Chetty, Ekta K. Panda, C. Kumaresan, G. Narayanan, and R. Krishnamoorthy. "Experimental case studies on dead-time induced oscillation and its mitigation in 5-HP and 10-HP induction motor drives." In 2016 3rd International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems (ICEES). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icees.2016.7510589.

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Mendes, José Ricardo P., Sergio N. Bordalo, Sergio Fernando Celis Ariza, and Kazuo Miura. "Case Studies of Petroleum Production Systems With the Flow Performance Index (FPI)." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62176.

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In this work, the Flow Performance Index (FPI) is introduced to guide the analysis of the performance of well systems for petroleum production. For some time now, the oil industry has been investing in the technological advancement of the instrumentation of its wells and flow lines; therefore, the volume of acquired data is quite substantial. Nevertheless, these data are still scantly used and stored in isolated databases where sharing the data is difficult, forcing the professionals to waste time, searching and organizing information, rather than spending time on decision-making processes. Consequently, there is a need to organize and integrate the available data from the different sources and areas of petroleum engineering. The FPI may be employed to handle large amounts of field data (measured periodically) in a rational approach to integrate the data. The FPI allows the assessment of the technologies used in wells for completion and artificial lift, and the performance of wells and flow lines; it may be used for monitoring production and to aid in the diagnosis of flow assurance problems; it could also be employed for benchmark studies and comparison of field production systems. A few examples of applications of the FPI are presented here, comparing the performance of vertical, directional and horizontal wells, sand control technologies, and monitoring of production. Further, the concept of the FPI is extended for gas-lift wells, and a more general formulation is proposed to include mechanical-lift systems. The examples given herein have proven the usefulness of the FPI, in different areas of an upstream business unity in Brazil.
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Ernst, Neil A., and Gail C. Murphy. "Case studies in just-in-time requirements analysis." In 2012 IEEE Second International Workshop on Empirical Requirements Engineering (EmpiRE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/empire.2012.6347678.

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Savery, Timothy. "NYC Transit Flood Resiliency: Case Studies of Recently Completed Mitigation Strategies." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2616.

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<p>MTA New York City Transit (NYCT) suffered significant damage from Hurricane Sandy in 2012, and hired Arup to design flood mitigation strategies for various system vulnerabilities.</p><p>Arup developed innovative permanent solutions to mitigate the various system vulnerabilities identified, including working with specialty fabricators to develop products for these specific purposes in order to provide the required protection of up to 14 feet of flood depth.</p><p>These efforts have resulted in innovate, new, purpose driven methods of flood mitigation that were not previously available on the market. These new systems result in dramatically reduced deployment time ahead of a storm event as well as a significant increase in the performance of the mitigation including reduced leakage rates.</p><p>This paper reviews various system vulnerabilities present in transit systems and presents case studies for the various mitigation strategies that were developed.</p>
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Reports on the topic "Just-in-time systems Case studies"

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Coultas, Mimi. Strengthening Sub-national Systems for Area-wide Sanitation and Hygiene. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.007.

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From late 2020 to early 2021, the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the S&H sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya, with UNICEF), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda, with WaterAid) and Moyo District (Uganda, with WSSCC), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The cases were then explored through three online workshops with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. This document presents key findings from this process.
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Coultas, Mimi. Strengthening Sub-national Systems for Area-wide Sanitation and Hygiene. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.013.

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From late 2020 to early 2021, the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the S&H sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya, with UNICEF), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda, with WaterAid) and Moyo District (Uganda, with WSSCC), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The cases were then explored through three online workshops with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. This document presents key findings from this process.
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Kwizera, Maurice, Kwizera, Maurice, Lambert Karangwa, Jeannette Murekatete, Gilbert Rukundo Mutabaruka, Jean Paul Mbarushimana, Tariya Yusuf, Inbar Hanna Yaffe, et al. Making Sanitation and Hygiene a Human Security Issue: The case of Nyamagabe District, Rwanda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.017.

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This case study was developed to inform subsequent research and analysis of local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) in East Africa. Consolidated learning from across the three countries involved can be found in the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) Learning Brief: Strengthening sub-national systems for area-wide sanitation and hygiene. From late 2020 to early 2021, the SLH collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of S&H to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale, it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the sanitation sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Three case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda), and Moyo District (Uganda), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The development partners involved were UNICEF in Kenya, WaterAid in Rwanda, and WSSCC/ Uganda Sanitation Fund in Uganda. The cases were then analysed through three online workshops facilitated with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to explore them in further detail, review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. Lessons from the workshops are documented in the SLH learning brief mentioned above. This is the case study developed by Nyamagabe District and WaterAid documenting their experiences and reflections from working together to increase prioritisation of S&H in Nyamagabe District, Rwanda.
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Meeuwissen, Talia, Mable Chanzu, Julie Aubriot, Jimmy Kariuki, Carolyne Odhiambo, Hillary Okumu, Peter Karichu, and Emmah Mwende. How Sanitation and Hygiene Champions Emerged in Siaya County. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.019.

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This case study was developed to inform subsequent research and analysis of local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) in East Africa. Consolidated learning from across the three countries involved can be found in the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) Learning Brief: Strengthening sub-national systems for area-wide sanitation and hygiene. From late 2020 to early 2021, the SLH collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of S&H to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the sanitation sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Three case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda), and Moyo District (Uganda), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The development partners involved were UNICEF in Kenya, WaterAid in Rwanda, and WSSCC/Uganda Sanitation Fund in Uganda. The cases were then analysed through three online workshops facilitated with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to explore them in further detail, review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. Lessons from the workshops are documented in the SLH learning brief mentioned above. This is the case study developed by Siaya County and UNICEF documenting their experiences and reflections from working together to increase prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County, Kenya.
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Katwere Ssemwanga, David, Dominic Lomongin Aballa, Steven Amoko, and Sheila Nduhukire. A Holistic Approach to Accelerated Attainment of Open-Defecation Free Status in Moyo District. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.018.

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This case study was developed to inform subsequent research and analysis of local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) in East Africa. Consolidated learning from across the three countries involved can be found in the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) Learning Brief: Strengthening sub-national systems for area-wide sanitation and hygiene. From late 2020 to early 2021, the SLH collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three subnational areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of S&H to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the sanitation sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Three case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda), and Moyo District (Uganda), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The development partners involved were UNICEF in Kenya, WaterAid in Rwanda, and WSSCC/ Uganda Sanitation Fund in Uganda. The cases were then analysed through three online workshops facilitated with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to explore them in further detail, review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. Lessons from the workshops are documented in the SLH learning brief mentioned above. This is the case study developed by Moyo District and WSSCC/Uganda Sanitation Fund documenting their experiences and reflections from working together to increase prioritisation of S&H in Moyo District, Uganda.
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van den Boogaard, Vanessa, Wilson Prichard, Rachel Beach, and Fariya Mohiuddin. Strengthening Tax-Accountability Links: Fiscal Transparency and Taxpayer Engagement in Ghana and Sierra Leone. Institute of Development Studies, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.002.

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There is increasingly strong evidence that taxation can contribute to expanded government responsiveness and accountability. However, such positive connections are not guaranteed. Rather, they are shaped by the political and economic context and specific policies adopted by governments and civil society actors. Without an environment that enables tax bargaining, there is a risk that taxation will amount to little more than forceful extraction. We consider how such enabling environments may be fostered through two mixed methods case studies of tax transparency and taxpayer engagement in Sierra Leone and Ghana. We highlight two key sets of findings. First, tax transparency is only meaningful if it is accessible and easily understood by taxpayers and relates to their everyday experiences and priorities. In particular, we find that taxpayers do not just want basic information about tax obligations or aggregate revenue collected, but information about how much revenue should have been collected and how revenues were spent. At the same time, taxpayers do not want information to be shared with them through a one-way form of communication, but rather want to have spaces for dialogue and interaction with tax and government officials, including through public meetings and radio call-in programmes. Second, strategies to encourage taxpayer engagement are more likely to be effective where forums for engagement are perceived by taxpayers to be safe, secure, and sincere means through which to engage with government officials. This has been most successful where governments have visibly demonstrated responsiveness to citizen concerns, even on a small scale, while partnering with civil society to foster trust, dialogue and expanded knowledge. These findings have significant implications for how governments design taxpayer education and engagement programmes and how civil society actors and development partners can support more equitable and accountable tax systems. Our findings provide concrete lessons for how governments can ensure that information shared with taxpayers is meaningful and accessible. Moreover, we show that civil society actors can play important roles as translators of tax information, enablers of public forums and dialogues around tax issues, and trainers of taxpayers, supporting greater tax literacy and sustained citizen engagement.
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Kuiken, Todd, and Jennifer Kuzma. Genome Editing in Latin America: Regional Regulatory Overview. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003410.

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The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.3 Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.3 In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.4 Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.4 Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.5 These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.4 These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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Bagley, Margo. Genome Editing in Latin America: CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003409.

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The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.i Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.i In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.ii Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.ii Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.iii These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.i These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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Jalil, Yorschua, and Ruvistay Gutierrez. Myokines secretion and their role in critically ill patients. A scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.9.0048.

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Review question / Objective: 1-How and by which means stimulated muscle from critically ill patients can liberate myokines?, 2-Which are the main characteristics of the critically ill population studied and if some of these influenced myokine´s secretion?, 5-Can myokines exert local or distant effects in critically ill patients?, 5-Which are the potential effects of myokines in critically ill patients? Eligibility criteria: Participants and context: We will include primary studies (randomized or non-randomized trials, observational studies, case series or case report) that consider hospitalized critically ill adult patients (18 years or older) in risk for developing some degree of neuromuscular disorders such as ICU-AW, diaphragmatic dysfunction, or muscle weakness, therefore the specific setting will be critical care. Concept: This review will be focused on studies regarding the secretion or measure of myokines or similar (exerkines, cytokines or interleukin) by any mean of muscle activation or muscle contraction such as physical activity, exercise or NMES, among others. The latter strategies must be understood as any mean by which muscle, and there for myocytes, are stimulated as result of muscle contraction, regardless of the frequency, intensity, time of application and muscle to be stimulated (upper limb, lower limb, thoracic or abdominal muscles). We also will consider myokine´s effects, local or systemic, over different tissues in terms of their structure or function, such as myocytes function, skeletal muscle mass and strength, degree of muscle wasting or myopathies, among others.
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Wu, Xiaoqi, Maoxia Fan, Yaobo Pan, and Dona Guo. Quality of Evidence Supporting the Effects of Ginkgo Terpene Lactone Preparations in Ischemic Stroke: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0124.

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Review question / Objective: 2.2.1 Type of studies SRs/MAs of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) of GTLP for IS in any language. 2.2.2 Type of Participants Included patients were diagnosed with IS according to international or national standards, regardless of race, age, gender, time of onset, and source of cases. 2.2.3 Type of Intervention The intervention method in the control group was routine treatment, and the intervention method in the intervention group was GTLP treatment or GTLP combined with the treatment of the control group. 2.2.4 Types of outcomes Conclusions at least need to include clinical efficacy analysis and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Condition being studied: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and third leading cause of disability globally.Among them, ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for 70% of all stroke types. It is a central nervous system disease caused by cerebral blood circulation disorder, ischemia and hypoxia .The incidence rate is high and increasing year by year, the age of onset is younger, the disability rate is high, and most patients have different degrees of limb motor dysfunction.In order to reduce the burden of stroke on the society and the patient's family, many articles proposed to strengthen the primary stroke prevention - behavior change and drug intervention.
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