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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Jurisprudence united states'
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1
Wren, John Thomas. "Republican jurisprudence: Virginia law and the new order, 1776-1830." W&M ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623779.
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The purpose of this study is to utilize the insights provided by the decisions of the Virginia Court of Appeals during the years 1776-1830 to gain a fuller understanding of the concept of "republicanism" through an analysis of its application in courts of law.;It is clear that in the years after the Revolution, the Virginia Court of Appeals made a striking statement about the nature of that Revolution in Virginia. It defined a new constitutional order by elevating the Virginia constitution to the plane of higher law, and by articulating and implementing the doctrine of popular sovereignty. The court made workable such previously theoretical constructs as the separation of powers, and adapted the English legal heritage to republican dictates and the demands of a new society. It was also instrumental in applying new republican conceptions to specific areas of the law. In so doing, the court displayed a clear deference to the policy initiatives of the legislative branch.;While applying republican principles, the Virginia court added a decidedly conservative gloss, favoring stable rules of law and the protection of existing property rights at every opportunity, in the process supporting the existing political order. at the same time, the Virginia Court of Appeals was in the forefront of a localistic response to the challenges posed by the establishment of a new federal government.;Taken together, these conclusions suggest that Virginia retained in large part a conservative, localistic strain of republicanism well into the nineteenth century, while its judiciary remained essentially incrementalist in its policy-making approach.
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Krouse, Anna Leslie. "Eavesdropping on History: Olmstead v U.S and the Emergence of Privacy Jurisprudence during Prohibition." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626657.
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Telless, Stephen Edward. "A jurisprudence of doubt the Roberts court and the future of abortion in the United States /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Vihlene, Shannon Marjorie. "Custer's Last Drag: An Examination of Tobacco Use Among the Seventh Cavalry During the Nineteenth Century." The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-06172008-151740/.
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Tobacco has played an integral role in global history, and there are numerous historical records related to tobacco use over the past five hundred years. The odontological evidence recovered from the Custer National Battlefield infers a high frequency of tobacco use within the Seventh Calvary, yet nineteenth century historical records fail to mention such intensive use in the Seventh Calvary. This paper will briefly discuss late nineteenth century tobacco culture and apply that to a bioarchaeological research project associated with remains from the Custer National Battlefield to addresses this contradiction between historical and physical records.
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King, Jerrell. "Study of whether united states supreme court sex-discrimination jurisprudence is well-grounded in fourteenth amendment legislative history." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/859.
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The purposes of the following thesis is to research United States Supreme Court sex-discrimination jurisprudence and ascertain if Fourteenth Amendment legislative history was used, referred to, cited to, or quoted from, by the Supreme Court Justices in their opinions regarding sex-discrimination cases since the Amendment was ratified in 1868. Legislative history is a window into the drafting, debating, and intricate crafting of laws and amendments. When words and phrases that are used in the statutes, codes, and amendments are ambiguous or unclear, judges and justices should use the legislative history to ascertain the intent of the framers of the legislation. The methodology that was employed for this thesis was through the researching of all relevant United States Supreme Court cases as to what was written by the Justices in their opinions. Research was conducted into the relevant law review articles on the subject of legislative history of the Fourteenth Amendment, Supreme Court sex-discrimination jurisprudence, and the historical impact of Court decisions on the law relative to sex-discrimination. After extensive research, it was discovered that the United States Supreme Court has established over 144 years' worth of sex-discrimination jurisprudence. The law review article research revealed that the lack of legislative history research by the Court has not gone unnoticed by the legal community or the women's rights community since the Fourteenth Amendment was originally drafted. The research and analysis of the sources of sex-discrimination from cases, law review articles, and books on the subject, led to the conclusion that no Fourteenth Amendment legislative history was ever used by the Supreme Court of the United States as part of its development of sex-discrimination jurisprudence.B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
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Sumar, Albujar Oscar. "The Court of Roberts (the United States Supreme Court) versus the peruvian Constitutional Court: free competition in constitutional jurisprudence." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/108110.
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Within the framework of the process of constitutionalization of Law, the treatment towards antitrust regulation is being discussed on the jurisprudential level. An idea has appeared that suggests that deciding against antitrust regulationis beneficial for companies, but has a negative impact towards societyIn the present article, the author does a comparison between the Peruvian Constitutional Court jurisprudence about antitrust and the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of the United States, demonstrating that tending towards regulation is harmful for society.The author also raises the question about the reasons for which the Supreme Court of the United States has a clear and defined criteria to decide when it is convenient to regulate antitrust, called “decision theory”, while the Peruvian Court has an erratic and unjustified criteria to decide aboutregulation of antitrust.En el marco del proceso de constitucionalización del Derecho, el tratamiento de la libre competencia se ha venido discutiendo a nivel jurisprudencial. Así, ha surgido la idea de que decidir no regu-lar la libre competencia beneficia a las empresas,mas no a la sociedad en general.En el presente artículo, el autor propone una comparación entre la jurisprudencia respecto a la libre competencia del Tribunal Constitucional peruano y la de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, buscando demostrar que, más bien, tender a la re- gulación es perjudicial para la sociedad.Asimismo, el autor abre la interrogante acerca de las razones por las cuales la Corte estadounidense tiene un criterio claro respecto a cuándo no es conveniente la regulación, mientras que el Tribunal peruano tiene un criterio errático y no justificado para tomar decisiones al respecto.
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Mapp, Wayne Daniel. "The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, 1981-1987 : an assessment of the Tribunal's jurisprudence and its contribution to international arbitration." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329997.
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Bundzen, Anna. "The United States Supreme Court and the European Court of Justice : A Comparative Study of Compliance." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-20655.
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This paper comparatively compares compliance to the rulings of the United States Supreme Court and the ECJ by the state/member state courts. Besides comparing the compliance to the two courts judgements, the paper also tries to establish how to increase compliance with these rulings in the future. This is done because compliance is an important aspect of a functioning judicial system, and a comparison might reveal solutions from one side that could be utilized on the other. The main resources used in this book are: articles, books, webpages and statistics on the subject. The main focus lies on the legal approach, but as a comparative study, elements of political science have been used as well. The results of the comparison show that although statistical compliance is quite high, the actual compliance might be lower due to lack of knowledge or political divisions. Increasing the actual compliance is then a good strategy to be sure that lower courts follow the rulings correctly. The conclusion of this paper is that political and policy divisions in a country, or between an organization and its members results in non- compliance. Reducing this kind of friction will help increase compliance to decisions, not only statistically but also in practice, as the lower courts will feel more comfortable with the rulings. An increase of knowledge of the subject, and the development of efficient judicial mechanisms in a state will also help assure correct interpretation of the rulings.
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Bonneau, Chris W. "Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg and the feminine voice." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1100447.
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This paper examines whether Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg demonstrates any evidence of a "feminine voice" in her opinions. There has been much jurisprudential literature written recently regrading the possible existence of a "feminine voice." This paper surveyes the literature and defines what is meant by a "feminine voice." The paper proceeds to analyze some of Justice Ginsburg's opinions to determine if a "feminine voice" is present. This study focuses on four areas of law the literature suggests evidence of a "feminine voice" might be found: cases involving gender, race, the Establishment Clause, and physician-assisted suicide. With the exception of cases concerning race, no evidence of a "feminine voice" was found. In race cases, there is evidence to suggest that Justice Ginsburg arrives at her decision in a way that is different from her male colleagues. The lack of evidence of a "feminine voice" in the other areas does not mean that no such voice exists; rather, it is just not present in all of the decisions written by Justice Ginsburg. The paper concludes that, at least in cases involving race, Justice Ginsburg does reason in a "feminine voice." While this is a narrow finding, the fact that there is evidence of a "feminine voice," at least in some cases, suggests that gender does play a role in judicial decision-making at the United States Supreme Court level.Department of Political Science
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Criger, David W. "Systemic preservation and political legitimation a critical examination of the Sherman Anti-trust Act of 1890 /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6078.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Malan, Yvonne. "Justice and the law : a perspective from contemporary jurisprudence." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51807.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines the relationship between law and justice. Firstly, it is argued that the concept of justice tends to be defined too narrowly as distributive justice or as a mechanism to maintain social order. It is argued that Jacques Derrida's understanding of justice not only gives a richer and broader understanding of the concept, but also on its complex relationship with the law. Lastly, some of the possible implications for jurisprudence (with specific reference to Critical Legal Studies, Critical Race Theory and Drucilla Cornell) are examined.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die verhouding tussen geregtigheid en die reg. Daar word eerstens geargumenteer dat geregtigheid te maklik gedefinieer word as distributiewe geregtigheid of as In meganisme om sosiale orde te bewerkstellig. Daar word geargumenteer dat Jacques Derrida se verstaan van die konsep nie aileen 'n breer en ryker verstaan moontlik maak nie, maar dat dit ook fokus op die komplekse verhouding met die reg. Laastens word sommige van die moontlike implikasies vir regsfilosofie (met spesifieke verwysing na Critical Legal Studies, Critical Race Theory en Drucilla Cornell) ondesoek,
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Raad, Rima Anis. "Les mesures de dépossession en droit international public : étude de la jurisprudence du tribunal irano-américain de réclamations." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010270.
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Le Tribunal irano-américain de réclamations s'est prononcé au cours de ses 23 années d'existence sur les conséquences de la protection de la propriété privée des ressortissants étrangers en terme de mise en jeu de la responsabilité des Etats qui y portaient atteinte et d'indemnisation des propriétaires dépossédés. Tout en définissant de manière extensive les droits de propriété et les atteintes à ces derniers, il a abordé l'analyse des mesures de dépossessions formelles et informelles en fonction de leurs effets et non pas uniquement par rapport à l'intention ou aux motivations de leurs auteurs. La responsabilité étatique se trouvait engagée, sur la base du dommage subi (privation de droits), une fois que l'imputabilité de la mesure à l'État ait été établie et que le lien de causalité entre cette mesure et le dommage déterminé. C'est à partir de ce moment que les pistes conduisant à fixer l'indemnisation subséquente ont été fournies par le Tribunal depuis le choix d'un critère d'indemnisation, jusqu'à l'adoption d'une méthode d'évaluation appropriée aux biens concernés. Dans cette démarche, le pouvoir d'appréciation des arbitres leur permettait d'ajuster cette indemnisation au moyen notamment de taux d'intérêt et de change différents pour chaque réclamation. Ce tribunal, libre dans la détermination du droit applicable, s'est prévalu du droit international public, d'une interprétation de ses normes à la lumière des dispositions conventionnelles liant l'Iran et les Etats-Unis et de principes généraux du commerce international. Il offre une vision actuelle et synthétique sur la protection de la propriété privée des ressortissants étrangers. Actuelle, car sa jurisprudence est exploitée dans des arbitrages récents portant sur la violation de traités bilatéraux d'investissement, d'établissement et de protection réciproques, et synthétique parce que ce tribunal se prévaut des précédents rendus par des organismes ad hoc amenés à se prononcer sur ces mêmes thèmes depuis plus d'un siècle. L'objet de la présente étude est donc d'examiner l'apport de la jurisprudence du Tribunal irano-américain de réclamations à la notion de protection de propriété privée des étrangers et plus généralement à l'édifice du droit - international, en confrontant ses sentences aux règles coutumières internationales, en appréciant la cohérence de ces dernières et en dégageant, éventuellement, les développements nouveaux.
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Kolo, Abba A. "State regulation of foreign property rights : between ligitimate regulation and nationalisation - an analysis of current international economic law in light of the jurisprudence of the Iran-United States claims tribunal." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525480.
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Blattner, John S. "Render Unto Caesar: How Misunderstanding a Century of Free Exercise Jurisprudence Forged and Then Fractured the RFRA Coalition." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1575.
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This thesis provides a comprehensive history of Supreme Court Free Exercise Clause jurisprudence from 1879 until the present day. It describes how a jurisdictional approach to free exercise dominated the Court’s rulings from its first Free Exercise Clause case in 1879 until Sherbert v. Verner in 1963, and how Sherbert introduced an accommodationist precedent which was ineffectively, incompletely, and inconsistently defined by the Court. This thesis shows how proponents of accommodationism furthered a false narrative overstating the scope and consistency of Sherbert’s precedent following the Court’s repudiation of accommodationism and return to full jurisdictionalism with Employment Division v. Smith (1990). It then shows how this narrative inspired a massive bipartisan coalition in favor of codifying accommodationism, and how this coalition succeeded in passing the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) in 1993. The RFRA coalition eventually fractured, as RFRA’s implications began to conflict with principles and objectives of liberal interest groups and the Democratic Party. This thesis posits that the fracture of the RFRA coalition can be traced back directly to confusions over Sherbert’s precedent.
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Piper, Helen. "Constitution of religious liberty : God, Politics and the First Amendment in Trump's America." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-364787.
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This thesis starts by describing the legal foundation of religious liberty in the United States and the evolvement of the religion clause jurisprudence. Then follows an outline of the main legal theories on religious liberty. It continues to describe a case study conducted on how Americans citizens perceive the protection of their religious liberty. Upon this there is a chapter where the detailed findings from the case study are described in juxtaposition to the relevant jurisprudence and how this can be applied to the overall legal framework protecting religious liberty. The final chapter is a discussion on what conclusions that can be drawn.
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Vlachogiannis, Apostolos. "Les juges de la Cour Suprême des Etats-Unis et la notion de constitution vivante." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020019.
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Les juges de la Cour Suprême des États-Unis et la notion de constitution vivante.Une constitution écrite peut-elle évoluer au cours du temps et s’adapter aux besoins et aux valeurs évolutives de la société, sans pour autant être révisée formellement ? Et si oui, qu’en est-il du texte constitutionnel ? Devant ces interrogations, la notion de constitution vivante vise à résoudre le paradoxe du changement matériel de la Constitution sans modification du texte. Elle est sans aucun doute un topos – qui ne manque pas de susciter des critiques,notamment celle de la théorie dite « originaliste » - de la pensée constitutionnelle américaine, un concept mobilisé, en l’occurrence, pour justifier la cause de la réforme juridique et sociale. Elle a été développée,durant le XXe siècle, principalement par des juges de la Cour Suprême américaine qui ont fourni une approche stimulante et fertile de la nature de la Constitution. La notion de constitution vivante exprime donc une conception évolutive de la Loi suprême, qui saurait, par sa flexibilité et sa fonctionnalité,s’adapter au changement de circonstances. Dans ce cadre, elle a été instrumentalisée afin de surmonter la rigidité de la procédure de révision formelle prescrite par l’article V de la Constitution. Cette notion est dès lors porteuse de la tension entre la permanence du texte et l’évolution du droit constitutionnel positif. Pour justifier ce décalage entre la forme et le fond, les juges défenseurs de la constitution vivante ont toujours traité le texte comme un « document vivant », qui doit être lu à la lumière des valeurs évolutives et des idéaux partagés par le peuple américainThe Justices of the United States Supreme Court and the notion of the livingConstitutionCan a written constitution evolve over time and adapt itself to the changingneeds and values of society, without being formally amended? If yes, thenwhat about the text? The notion of the living constitution tries to solve theparadox of constitutional change without modification of the text. It is acommon place notion – though subject to fierce criticism, notably byoriginalism - of U.S. constitutional thought, a concept invoked on manydifferent occasions in order to promote constitutional and social change. It hasbeen primarily elaborated by certain Justices of the Supreme Court of theUnited States during the 20th century, who have offered a stimulatingapproach of the nature of the U.S. Constitution. From their point of view, thenotion of the living constitution is based on the idea that the Constitutionevolves over time adapting itself to the ever changing circumstances. It thusleads to a theory of interpretation which treats the constitutional provisionsthat allocate powers or guarantee individual rights as flexible and vital.Furthermore, the notion of the living constitution has been used as a means ofovercoming the barrier of the amendment procedure as prescribed by Article Vof the U.S. Constitution. Therefore, it is marked by the tension between thepermanence of the text and the evolution of constitutional law. In order tojustify this evolution, the Justices who defend the notion of the livingConstitution, have always treated the text as a living document, which mustbe read in light of the aspirations and the high ideals of the American people
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Cho, Hyun Ji. "Comparative law alcohol, drug abuse & jurisprudence from the United States to Korea /." 2005. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/cho%5Fhyun%5Fj%5F200508%5Fllm.
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