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1

Zambon, Nancy. "Jumps diffusion and jump risk pricing." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423229.

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Every day market operators exchange tens of thousand of stocks, creating an extremely rich information set to study price dynamics. Indeed, the pattern followed by asset returns have been a fundamental topic in finance literature for decades. Several studies provide evidence, Ball and Torous (1983), Jarrow and Rosenfeld (1984), and Jorion (1988) among others, that stock prices show sudden but infrequent movements of large magnitude, that are commonly known as jumps. Thus, it is a standard to design the dynamic of stock prices as a combination of a continuous diffusion component, plus discontinuous jumps. Because of their relevance in economics, finance, and decision sciences, the present thesis focuses on jumps in stock returns. Note, Chapters 1 and 2 represent two different papers, respectively entitled “Jump risk and pricing implications” and “The cross-sectional diffusion of jumps and the identifcation of collective sectorial movements”, each of them develops the main theme in a different direction. Chapter 1: construction of a jump risk factor. A central model in the description of market returns and risks is the Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965), Mossin (1966) and Black (1972) CAPM. Subsequently, Fama and French (1993) and Carhart (1997) among others, proposed alternative asset-pricing models that add to the CAPM additional risk sources. Chapter 1 contributes to the existing literature by proposing a factor which captures investors fear of future jumps. Moreover, we add it to the Carhart (1997) model, thus putting forward a 5-factor model, and show that not only our factor is able to capture common variation in stock returns, but also that its use improves the model performance. We additionally compute the risk premiums for the five risk sources of the model and find that they are always positive and not signifcantly different from their factor means. In doing this we employ all CRSP stocks over the 1925-2014 sample period, which leads to 89 years of assets prices and more than 24,000 stocks. Chapter 2: cross-sectional jump diffusion. Even if there is evidence of price jumps in various markets, there is still little understanding about their cross-sectional diffusion. Chapter 2 investigates the presence of contemporaneous jumps among a large number of stocks, the multivariate jumps (or MJs), using a high-frequency dataset of considerable dimension. The database includes 1-minute prices for all 3,509 stocks belonging to the Russell 3000 index between January 2, 1998 and June 5, 2015 (4,344 days), data that we treat both as a whole as well by focusing on its 11 industries. Using the information about MJs, we then propose two indexes which summarize data on cross-sectional jump diffusion: the daily diffusion index (or DID), and the intraday diffusion index (or DII). Results confirm the usefulness of both DID and DII, which trends and residuals show more and higher spikes in correspondence of important economic moments, as in 2008 and 2010. Moreover, we observe a positive and signifcant association of diffusion indexes with the market, and highlight that limiting the analysis to systemic events could be misleading and incomplete, while we suggest a combined use of systemic and non-systemic MJs. We additionally establish a relationship between detected MJs and market-level news. Our results have important implication not only for asset allocation and hedging, but also in asset pricing. Regarding this last point, by including our diffusion indexes to the CAPM model, we prove that DID and DII capture common variation in stock returns that is missed by the market factor. This advocates to employ mulivariate jump information to build a factor capturing the cross-sectional jump risk, which could then be added, e.g., to the 5-factor model we propose in Chapter 1.
Ogni giorno gli operatori di mercato si scambiano decine di migliaia di titoli, creando in questo modo un ricco bacino d'informazione che può essere utilizzato per studiare la dinamica dei prezzi. Infatti, il processo seguito dai rendimenti dei titoli rappresenta un argomento fondamentale nella letteratura finanziaria da decenni. Diversi studi forniscono prove, tra gli altri Ball e Torous (1983), Jarrow e Rosenfeld (1984), e Jorion (1988), circa la presenza di improvvisi ed infrequenti movimenti di grande ampiezza nei prezzi delle azioni, conosciuti con il nome di jump (salti). Pertanto, è uno standard disegnare la dinamica dei prezzi delle azioni combinando una componente diffusiva continua e una componente discontinua rappresentata dai jump. A causa della loro rilevanza in economia, finanza e scienze delle decisioni, la presente tesi si concentra sui jump nei rendimenti azionari. Si noti che i capitoli 1 e 2 rappresentano due diversi paper, intitolati rispettivamente "Rischio legato ai jump e implicazioni sui prezzi" e "La diffusione nella cross-section dei jump e l'identificazione dei movimenti settoriali di tipo collettivo", ognuno dei quali sviluppa il tema principale in una diversa direzione. Capitolo 1: costruzione di un fattore di rischio legato ai jump. Un modello centrale nella descrizione dei rischi e rendimenti di mercato è quello proposto da Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965), Mossin (1966) e Black (1972): il CAPM. Successivamente, Fama e French (1993) e Carhart (1997), tra gli altri, hanno proposto modelli di asset pricing alternativi, sviluppati espandono il CAPM con l’aggiunta di ulteriori fonti di rischio. Il primo capitolo contribuisce alla letteratura esistente proponendo un fattore in grado di catturare la paura degli investitori di futuri salti nei prezzi delle azioni, fattore che viene successivamente aggiunto al modello di Carhart (1997) creando, di conseguenza, un modello a cinque fattori. Tramite l’utilizzo di questo modello, dimostriamo che non solo il nostro fattore è in grado di catturare variazioni comuni nei rendimenti azionari, ma anche che il suo utilizzo migliora le prestazioni del modello. Infine calcoliamo i premi per il rischio associati alle cinque fonti di rischio del modello e mostriamo che essi sono sempre positivi e non significativamente diversi dai rendimenti medi dei fattori. Il database utilizzato per tutte le elaborazioni è costituito dalle informazioni reperibili tramite il CRSP per il periodo 1925-2014, scelta che ci permette di utilizzare una base di informazioni molto ampia: 89 anni di dati e più di 24.000 titoli. Capitolo 2: diffusione nella cross-section dei jump. Nonostante sia stata evidenziata la presenza di jump nei prezzi dei titoli per vari mercati, continua ad essere limitata la comprensione della loro diffusione nella cross-section. Il secondo capitolo indaga la presenza di jump che coinvolgono contemporaneamente un gran numero di azioni, i salti multivariati (o MJ), utilizzando un database di dati in alta frequenza di notevoli dimensioni. Il database include i prezzi a 1 minuto per tutti i 3.509 titoli appartenenti all'indice Russell 3000 tra il 2 Gennaio 1998 e il 5 Giugno 2015 (4.344 giorni), dati che trattiamo sia nel loro complesso sia concentrandoci sulle 11 industrie cui appartengono. Utilizzando le informazioni sui jump multivariati, proponiamo due indici informativi della diffusione in cross-section dei jump: un indice di diffusione giornaliero (o DID), e un indice di diffusione intraday (o DII). I risultati confermano l'utilità di entrambi gli indici, i cui trend e residui mostrano picchi più alti in corrispondenza di importanti fasi economiche, come ad esempio il 2008 e il 2010. Inoltre, osserviamo una correlazione positiva e significativa degli indici di diffusione con il mercato ed evidenziamo che un’analisi limitata agli eventi sistemici potrebbe essere fuorviante e incompleta. Diversamente si consiglia l’uso combinato di jump multivariati sistemici e non sistemici. Siamo inoltre in grado di stabilire una relazione tra jump multivariati e notizie a livello di mercato. I nostri risultati hanno importanti implicazioni non solo per le attività di asset allocation ed hedging, ma anche nel settore di asset pricing. Per quanto riguarda questo ultimo punto, includendo i nostri indici di diffusione in un modello CAPM, dimostriamo che, sia il DID che il DII, catturano variazioni comuni dei rendimenti azionari che sono invece tralasciate dal fattore di mercato. Questi risultati depongono a favore dell’utilizzo di informazioni sui jump multivariati per la costruzione di un fattore che catturi il rischio di jump nella cross-section, che potrebbe poi essere aggiunto, ad esempio, nel modello a 5 fattori che abbiamo proposto nel Capitolo 1.
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2

Broussard, Tracey Ann. "Jump! How high?" FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1816.

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JUMP! HOW HIGH? is a memoir of a journey to a black belt in Karate, one that explores the duality inherent in being a nurturing yet powerful woman. The book moves between personal growth and an exploration of karate training, questioning both the means by which martial arts training promotes growth and the dichotomy of what it means to be a good girl/bad girl. The karate style in which the author trains embraces the Samurai virtues of honor, justice, loyalty, wisdom, compassion and bravery. This is juxtaposed by the virtues of the Southern woman, compliance, hospitality, and warmth, with which the author was brought up. In the final analysis, the author grapples and comes to terms with the question of loyalty to the self.
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3

Flykt, Ebba, and Hanna Magnusson. "JJ PRO JUMP." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279726.

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Det här examensarbetet har genomförts inom Teknisk Design på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan i samarbete med företaget NOA Aluminium. Uppdraget i detta projekt har varit att utveckla en hoppsele som ska användas av skridskoåkare och tränare inom konståkning. Hoppselen ska vara konstruerad för 20-talet i moderna material. Den ska också upplevas som smidig och hållbar. Selen ska vara anpassningsbar för olika konståkare och redskapet ska erbjuda extrafunktioner som kan hjälpa att främja konståkarens inlärningsprocess samt underlätta tränarens arbete. Under detta arbete har iterativa undersökningar gjorts för att samla information om uppgiften och de problem som uppstår vid användning av de befintliga redskapen. En marknadsanalys genomfördes, och intervjuer, samtal och diskussioner har hållits. Under marknadsanalysen framgick det att det finns tre olika redskap som idag används inom konståkning. Dessa tre är en handhållen hoppsele, NoFall samt en hoppsele med vajerblock. Från detta var det viktigt att få ut information om nackdelar och fördelar med de olika redskapen, samt få en bild av vad användarna värderar högt av att använda redskapen. Efter undersökningsfasen användes ett flertal metoder för att kreativt få fram många olika idéer och lösningar på problemet. Några av de idégenereringsmetoder som användes var Brainstorming, Brainwriting, 3-6-5 samt struktur- och formvariation. Efter idégenerering kunde tre koncept utvecklas. Dessa tre koncept särskilde sig från varandra. Mette var en vidareutveckling av den handhållna hoppselen, Magda var en sele som skulle fungera genom magnetisk levitation, och Stella var en bärande ställning. Koncepten utvärderades och diskuterades, därefter valdes ett av koncepten för vidareutveckling. Det valda konceptet blev Mette, en handhållen sele med ergonomiskt fokus för konståkare och tränare. Redskapet innefattar en teleskopisk aluminiumstång, en vajerkonstruktion, en sele för konståkare, en sele för tränare samt ett på- och avtagbart handtag för tränaren. Denna produkt ska fungera smidigt, vara bekväm, lätt att ta med sig, samt hållbar.
This report is part of the Bachelor’s Degree Project in Integrated Product Design at KTH, Royal Institute of Technology. The project was conducted in collaboration with NOA Aluminium. The task was to develop a jumping harness which is to be used by figure skaters and their coaches. It is common by figure skaters to use a jumping harness to reduce the learning time for performing different types of artistic movements. It was stated at the beginning of the project that the product ought to be constructed with modern materials and solutions. Furthermore, the harness should be adjustable to fit athletes of different ages and sizes. Several methods, such as market analysis, interviews, and observations, were used to gather information about the user and his or her experiences with their harness. The market analysis showed that there are three various types of jumping harnesses on the market today. These are known as NoFall, On-Ice track, and the hand-held harness. The interviews and observations gave a whole lot of information about the positive and negative sides of the tools. Thereafter, the ideation phase took a start. Numerous design thinking methods, such as brainstorming, 3-6-5, and brainwriting, were used to generate as many and as broad ideas as possible. Henceforth, three ideas were chosen, all of which differed a lot from each other. The concepts were named Mette, Magda, and Stella. Mette is a development of the hand-held jumping harness. Moreover, Magda is a concept that works through magnetic levitation, and Stella is a bearing rack. After careful evaluation, the concept called Mette was chosen for further development. The final concept is a product that aims to be comfortable, easy to carry, and sustainable for the environment. The product consists of a telescopic aluminum bar, a wire construction, a detachable handle for the coach, as well as one harness for the athlete and one for its coach.
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4

Liao, Fuong-Cheng William. "The influence of different drop jump training techniques on jump performance." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411659.

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5

Wong, Ho Cheung. "Control of a quadruped standing jump and running jump over irregular terrain obstacles /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487760357823082.

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6

Rosenbaum, Molly Anne. "One Jump Forward, Two Jumps Back: A Qualitative Study of Parental Issues Raising Adolescents with Autism." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7028.

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There have been numerous investigations seeking to quantify the experience of parents raising adolescents of autism, but remarkably few have looked at the total experience qualitatively, as reported by parents. The present study was conducted along with a larger study for adolescents with autism participating in the PEERS® social skills group intervention, which includes simultaneous parent sessions. This study analyzed comments made in the parent group, identifying the issues parents reported spontaneously through a qualitative analysis of 12 unstructured hour-long sessions including parents (n = 16) and graduate student clinicians. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the meaning and experiences of these parents to gain increased understanding about the needs of both parents and adolescents with autism. Themes resulting from the hermeneutic analysis of these videos focused on the adolescents and their "spark," a term coined by the parents denoting the unique strengths of their children, the values they share with the family, the impact of autism on the family, lack of self-awareness, being included and finding "one good friend." There was also a strong theme of the parents seeking support from one another. Finally, the parents spoke often of planning for/hoping for the future and what it may bring for their adolescent with autism. These themes can help describe the challenges/successes of parenting an adolescent with autism. This study provides some direction for further research to inform supports for parents whose children are approaching or are in the midst of adolescence with autism. Some other findings in our study were that parents are very concerned about acceptance of family values by their adolescent. Future studies can explore further what parents' needs are and how clinicians can help them.
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7

Griggs, Cameron V. "Relationship Between Lower Body Strength, Countermovement Jump Height, and Optimal Drop Jump Drop Height." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3098.

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The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between back squat one-repetition maximum relative to body mass (1RMrel), countermovement jump height (CMJH), and optimal drop height in drop jump (DHopt). Fifteen male participants with various sport backgrounds and training experience completed a one repetition maximum (1RM) back squat, maximum countermovement jump (CMJ), and drop jumps (DJ) from incrementally increasing drop heights to determine which drop height elicited the greatest jump height. The DHopt testing protocol was unique in that smaller increments were used to determine DHopt compared to what has been reported in literature previously. Pearson correlation coefficients revealed that DHopt had small (r=0.214) and moderate (r=0.464) relationships with 1RMrel and CMJH, respectively. A second analysis (n=13) was conducted after two participants (i.e. powerlifters) were identified as possibly being representative of a different population. The second analysis found that DHopt had strong relationships with 1RMrel (r=0.645) and CMJH (r=0.690). Results from this study seem to suggest that individuals with greater 1RMrel and CMJH tend to have a higher DHopt. However, this relationship may not be observed among all populations due to likely differences in sport background, genetics, and/or training experience.
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8

Tassi-Londorfou, Eleftheria. "Jump diffusion models in volatility." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249634.

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9

Conforti, Giovanni, Pra Paolo Dai, and Sylvie Roelly. "Reciprocal class of jump processes." Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/7077/.

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Processes having the same bridges as a given reference Markov process constitute its reciprocal class. In this paper we study the reciprocal class of compound Poisson processes whose jumps belong to a finite set A in R^d. We propose a characterization of the reciprocal class as the unique set of probability measures on which a family of time and space transformations induces the same density, expressed in terms of the reciprocal invariants. The geometry of A plays a crucial role in the design of the transformations, and we use tools from discrete geometry to obtain an optimal characterization. We deduce explicit conditions for two Markov jump processes to belong to the same class. Finally, we provide a natural interpretation of the invariants as short-time asymptotics for the probability that the reference process makes a cycle around its current state.
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Hadjerioua, Boualem 1957. "Behavior of hydraulic jump basins." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291709.

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The goal of this project was to determine the performance of two types of stilling basins with varying tailwater elevation. The performance was evaluated in terms of scour at the toe of the stilling basin and containment of the jump in the basin. The investigation involved establishing the relationships for different flow rates, different velocities and depth of approach flow for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation stilling basins III and IV. It is well known that the Bureau of reclamation stilling basins perform satisfactorily for design tailwater conditions. It is not clear how much higher or lower the tailwater can be and still have marginally acceptable performance in the basin. This research sought to establish: (1) the behavior changes with high and low tailwater, and (2) the limiting range of tailwater for acceptable performance.
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11

Mai, Hilmar. "Drift estimation for jump diffusions." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16590.

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Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines effizienten parametrischen Schätzverfahrens für den Drift einer durch einen Lévy-Prozess getriebenen Sprungdiffusion. Zunächst werden zeit-stetige Beobachtungen angenommen und auf dieser Basis eine Likelihoodtheorie entwickelt. Dieser Schritt umfasst die Frage nach lokaler Äquivalenz der zu verschiedenen Parametern auf dem Pfadraum induzierten Maße. Wir diskutieren in dieser Arbeit Schätzer für Prozesse vom Ornstein-Uhlenbeck-Typ, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross Prozesse und Lösungen linearer stochastischer Differentialgleichungen mit Gedächtnis im Detail und zeigen starke Konsistenz, asymptotische Normalität und Effizienz im Sinne von Hájek und Le Cam für den Likelihood-Schätzer. In Sprungdiffusionsmodellen ist die Likelihood-Funktion eine Funktion des stetigen Martingalanteils des beobachteten Prozesses, der im Allgemeinen nicht direkt beobachtet werden kann. Wenn nun nur Beobachtungen an endlich vielen Zeitpunkten gegeben sind, so lässt sich der stetige Anteil der Sprungdiffusion nur approximativ bestimmen. Diese Approximation des stetigen Anteils ist ein zentrales Thema dieser Arbeit und es wird uns auf das Filtern von Sprüngen führen. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit untersucht die Schätzung der Drifts, wenn nur diskrete Beobachtungen gegeben sind. Dabei benutzen wir die Likelihood-Schätzer aus dem ersten Teil und approximieren den stetigen Martingalanteil durch einen sogenannten Sprungfilter. Wir untersuchen zuerst den Fall endlicher Aktivität und zeigen, dass die Driftschätzer im Hochfrequenzlimes die effiziente asymptotische Verteilung erreichen. Darauf aufbauend beweisen wir dann im Falle unendlicher Sprungaktivität asymptotische Effizienz für den Driftschätzer im Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Modell. Im letzten Teil werden die theoretischen Ergebnisse für die Schätzer auf endlichen Stichproben aus simulierten Daten geprüft und es zeigt sich, dass das Sprungfiltern zu einem deutlichen Effizienzgewinn führen.
The problem of parametric drift estimation for a a Lévy-driven jump diffusion process is considered in two different settings: time-continuous and high-frequency observations. The goal is to develop explicit maximum likelihood estimators for both observation schemes that are efficient in the Hájek-Le Cam sense. The likelihood function based on time-continuous observations can be derived explicitly for jump diffusion models and leads to explicit maximum likelihood estimators for several popular model classes. We consider Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type, square-root and linear stochastic delay differential equations driven by Lévy processes in detail and prove strong consistency, asymptotic normality and efficiency of the likelihood estimators in these models. The appearance of the continuous martingale part of the observed process under the dominating measure in the likelihood function leads to a jump filtering problem in this context, since the continuous part is usually not directly observable and can only be approximated and the high-frequency limit. In the second part of this thesis the problem of drift estimation for discretely observed processes is considered. The estimators are constructed from discretizations of the time-continuous maximum likelihood estimators from the first part, where the continuous martingale part is approximated via a thresholding technique. We are able to proof that even in the case of infinite activity jumps of the driving Lévy process the estimator is asymptotically normal and efficient under weak assumptions on the jump behavior. Finally, the finite sample behavior of the estimators is investigated on simulated data. We find that the maximum likelihood approach clearly outperforms the least squares estimator when jumps are present and that the efficiency gap between both techniques becomes even more severe with growing jump intensity.
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Tsai, Ping-Chen. "An empirical study on jumps in asset prices using high-frequency data : volatility specification, jumps detection & the modelling of jump intensity." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.663227.

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To provide further evidences on jumps in asset prices, in this thesis we conduct an empirical analysis on high-frequency data from a stock index and consider the problem of identifying jumps at intraday intervals. Our approach generalizes two existing methods in the literature in terms of estimating spot volatility and of correcting for the spurious rejection problem due to multiple testing. The proposed procedure directly depends on a credible volatility model that we specify and calibrate from the index data. By simulating the volatility model, it is shown that a relevant parameter which governs the shape of the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution determines the critical regions of jump tests. Empirical sizes of jump tests can then be held at nominal level approximately when the testing procedure is applied to high-frequency returns. We also study the dynamics of detected jumps and model their time-varying intensities with a linear self-exciting point process.
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13

Meylan, Cesar. "Kinematic and kinetic characteristics of unilateral jump assessments: Reliability, asymmetry and relationship to jump performance." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1847.

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The purpose of this thesis was to provide an in depth analysis of the kinematics and kinetics associated with unilateral vertical (VCMJ), horizontal (HCMJ) and lateral (LCMJ) countermovement jump performance. This thesis consists of i) two reviews of literature discussing the isoinertial assessment of eccentric force capability and acyclic jump assessment with the intention of providing recommendations for future research design and measurement of lower limb muscular capability; ii) a technical note determining the appropriate start threshold (2.5, 5 and 10% of bodyweight- BW) for the force-time curve analysis of the three different unilateral jumps; iii) a research note investigating the variability and influence of eccentric kinematics thought important determinants of VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ performance; and iv) an experimental study establishing the reliability of a variety of kinetic and temporal variables for the VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ, comparing the kinetic differences across the three jumps, examining the leg asymmetry between the dominant and non dominant legs in the variables of interest, and determining the best predictors of each jump performance. In terms of the experimental papers, the aim of the technical note was to determine the appropriate start threshold for analysis of a force-time curve. Ten state league soccer players (age 21.0 ± 3.1 years, height 178.6 ± 6.5 cm, mass 75.4 ± 5.0 kg) performed three trials of a bilateral countermovement jump. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in all variables except eccentric and concentric peak force and force at zero velocity between 2.5% and 10% and 5% and 10% thresholds. Similar results were found for the 2.5% and 5% threshold variables except that no significant difference was found in the concentric ground contact time. The different thresholds did not appear to have any influence on the variability of the measurement and only concentric time to peak force was found to have high variability (coefficient of variation - CV= 51.7-55.5%). It was concluded that any of the start thresholds (2.5, 5.0 and 10% BW) could be used to determine the starting point of a CMJ considering their reliability; however, the 2.5% BW threshold was preferable as most of the force-time signal could be considered for analysis and differences in eccentric and concentric kinematic and kinetic variables where found when a higher threshold was used. For the research note, thirty team sport athletes (age 21.9 ± 3.8 years, height 1.77 ± 0.06 m, body mass 75.5 ± 9.0 kg) performed three trials of a unilateral VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ on both legs. It was observed that the variability (CV) of the eccentric variables (i.e. peak velocity, peak displacement, ground contact time) was the lowest for the VCMJ (CV = 8.5-10.6%), and the highest for the HCMJ (CV = 11.7-13.5%). The eccentric ground contact time was significantly (p < 0.05) longer (-0.18 s) for the HCMJ and LCMJ compared to the VCMJ. The amplitude of the eccentric displacement was significantly (p < 0.05) greater (3-5 cm) in the LCMJ compared to the other two jumps and eccentric displacement of the HCMJ was also significantly (p < 0.05) greater (2 cm) compared to the VCMJ. The peak eccentric velocity was significantly faster (0.06 to 0.15 m.s-1 ) for the VCMJ compared to the other jumps and the LCMJ eccentric peak velocity was also significantly (p < 0.05) faster (0.09 m.s-1 ) than that of the HCMJ. It seems that in the absence of instruction and standardization of the countermovement, eccentric phase kinematics remains relatively stable over trials and between legs. In terms of the between jump analysis, it seems that the eccentric phase kinematics are relatively unique to each jump type. The experimental study used the same thirty subjects as the research note. They performed, on two separate occasions, three trials of unilateral VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ on each leg. It was found that from the eighteen variables studied, eccentric and concentric peak force and concentric peak power were the only variables with acceptable reliability as determined by previously published criteria (CV= 3.3-15.1 %; ICC= 0.70-0.96). Comparisons of eccentric and concentric peak vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and concentric peak power among the three jumps revealed that these three variables were significantly (p < 0.01) greater in the VCMJ compared to the HCMJ and LCMJ (eccentric peak force: 14-16%; concentric peak power: 45-51 %), but no significant differences were found between the HCMJ and LCMJ. No significant leg asymmetries were found between the dominant and non dominant leg in any kinetic variables but significant differences (p < 0.01) were found in the actual jump height or distance. The asymmetry index between limbs ranged from -2.1 % to 9.3% for all variables. Concentric peak vertical power output was found to be the best single predictor of VCMJ perfo1mance Gump height) accounting for 79% of the shared variance between the two variables. The addition of concentric peak VGRF and eccentric peak VGRF to the statistical model improved the common variance associated with vertical jump to 95.9%. The best predictor model for HCMJ performance (distance jumped) included only one variable, horizontal concentric peak power which accounted for a shared variance of 42.6% with horizontal jump distance. Eccentric peak VGRF was the only variable entered into the predictor model of LCMJ performance (i.e. distance jumped) and accounted for only 14.9% of that performance. It was concluded that eccentric and concentric peak force and concentric peak power can be used confidently as measures of functional strength and power. The differences found in VGRF and vertical power between the VCMJ and HCMJ or LCMJ, confirmed that the vertical force and power requirements between multidirectional unilateral jump movements are different. Differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg are likely to be found in a healthy athletic population the magnitude of this asymmetry differing depending on the direction of force application. However, it is advised that these differences should fall within a 10 to 15% range in order to reduce potential injury risk and optimize performance. Finally, developing and monitoring changes in horizontal and vertical concentric leg power seem appropriate for improving HCMJ and VCMJ performance respectively. As different strength and power characteristics were associated with different jump performances depending on the movement direction, leg power assessment needs to include assessment in all three directions and/or match sport or activity specific needs. It is fundamental to keep such information in mind when the goals of a training program are being set and monitoring of progress is undertaken.
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Kraska, Jenna M., Ann M. Kinser, C. Whitted, Michael W. Ramsey, Margaret E. Stone, G. Gregory Haff, William A. Sands, and Michael H. Stone. "Relationship Between Isometric Force Characteristics and the Difference in Jump Height in Weighted and Un-weighted Jumps." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4104.

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Okamatsu, Hidefusa. "External Ankle Supports Alter Kinematics and Kinetics during Drop-Jump Landing and Forward-Jump Landing Tasks." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27366.

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This research project was designed to understand the influence of excessively restricting ankle range of motion (ROM) on knee injuries, especially non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. Participating in physical activity without injuries is important to maintain physically active life style and well-being. To prevent ankle injuries, external ankle supports (EAS) are widely used in sport settings by limiting frontal plane ankle ROM; however, the EAS also restricts sagittal plane ankle ROM that could increase the risk of non-contact ACL injury by intensifying the medial knee displacement (MKD) and ground reaction force (GRF). In this research, the effects of external ankle supports (EAS) on landing mechanics were investigated among 19 physically active college-aged females. Two research manuscripts report the results of this research project. The first manuscript investigated the effect of EAS on landing kinematics and kinetics during a drop-jump landing task. The results demonstrated the use of EAS altered the ankle displacement, total MKD, and vertical GRF; however, no relationship was observed between isokinetic plantar flexor strength and landing mechanics. The second manuscript compared the effect of EAS on landing kinematics and kinetics between drop-jump landing and forward-jump landing tasks. The result exhibited the use of EAS similarly affect ankle displacement, knee displacement, peak MKD in drop-jump landing and forward-jump landing tasks. However, the landing tasks affected the posterior GRF differently, and the EAS altered vertical GRF differently in the two landing tasks. Overall, excessively restricted ankle ROM changed the landing kinematics and kinetics, especially MKD and GRF during landing tasks. Our findings indicate that healthcare professionals should use EAS with care because the overly limited ankle ROM could increase the risk of non-contact knee injuries by increased MKD and GRF. Future research should include an examination of the effect of EAS on the magnitude of ACL strain, an assessment of the strength of the other muscles, an evaluation of the muscular activation during a landing task. These studies help understand the landing techniques and strength training to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL tear among physically active population.
NDSU College of Human Development and Education
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Beckham, George, Timothy J. Suchomel, C. J. Cole, S. B. Kim, and Michael H. Stone. "Influence of Sex, Relative Maximal Strength and Unloaded Vertical Jump Height on the Countermovement Vertical Jump." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6298.

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17

Garforth, Kathryn Charlotte. "JUMP Math in grade four classrooms." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43953.

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It is important for any new curriculum to go through a series of tests to ensure its effectiveness before a widespread adoption of the material into school systems. This evaluation should examine how students, including those who are low achieving (LA), perform with the use of the program. The primary purpose of this study was to compare the progress that three groups of students made, when teachers used different methods of mathematics instruction. One group of teachers used exclusively JUMP Math (JM1), one group of teachers used the materials used by the school district in the past (Control) and a third group of teachers used a combination of these two methods (JM2). Computational skills, fluency of simple addition, subtraction and multiplication questions, and number series measures were used to assess students in a pretest post-test quasi-experimental manner. The analysis conducted was achieved by using the change in scores between the pretest and the post-tests. For the whole sample, significant results were found on two of the measures. On one of the computational skills measures the control group was significantly better than JM1, and on the number series measure JM1 performed significantly better than JM2. For the students who were low achieving, JM2 performed significantly better than JM1 on the fluency measure. The other comparisons did not show statistical differences. As this was the first year for the teachers in the experimental conditions to use the JM program, future research should inquire whether there is a difference between the students when they are more comfortable with the program.
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Kosytsina, Nadiya [Verfasser]. "Jump penalized L1-Regression / Nadiya Kosytsina." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024402258/34.

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19

Hovey, Richard. "Examination of the Bosco jump test." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55609.

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20

Ornthanalai, Chayawat. "Asset pricing with Lévy jump processes." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66745.

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This thesis comprises of three essays that explore the theoretical development as well as the empirical applications of asset pricing models with Lévy jump processes. The first essay presents a new discrete-time framework that combines heteroskedastic processes with rich specifications of jumps in returns and volatility. Our models can be estimated with ease using standard maximum likelihood techniques. We evaluate the models by fitting a long sample of S&P500 index returns, and by valuing a large sample of options. We find strong empirical support for time-varying jump intensities. A model with jump intensity that is affine in the conditional variance performs particularly well both in return fitting and option valuation. In the second essay, we develop a new class of asset pricing model that combines the flexibility of Lévy processes with the ease of implementation of affine GARCH dynamics. This framework produces a large class of asset return processes that have analytical solutions for their pricing transform, and lead to a simple valuation of derivatives. We apply this newly proposed framework to various two-factor models consisting of a normal and a pure jump Lévy component. The results from joint estimation of options and returns on the market index reveal the important economic role of jumps. We find that models without jumps cannot reconcile the difference between market-realized returns and investors' ex-ante expectations of returns with an economically justifiable equity premium level. In the third essay, we provide evidence that the market crash risk is priced in individual equity options. We proceed by developing a factor model for equity returns and option pricing that takes into account the market's systematic risk factors, namely the market volatility and jump risks. The probability of large negative jumps in the market return produces the "crash fear" effect. In addition to the market risk factors, we
Cette thèse comporte trois essais qui explorent le développement théorique ainsi que les applications empiriques des modèles d'évaluation d'actifs avec des processus de saut de Lévy. Le premier essai présente un nouveau cadre d'évaluation en temps discret qui combine à la fois des processus heteroskedastic ainsi qu'une large famille de spécifications à base des sauts dans les processus de rendement et de la volatilité. Nos modèles peuvent être facilement estimés en utilisant des techniques standard de maximum de vraisemblance. Nous évaluons les modèles proposés en les adaptant à un long échantillon de rendement sur l'indice S&P500, et en évaluant un grand échantillon d'options. Nous trouvons un fort soutien empirique pour l'existence des sauts avec intensités à temps-variables. Un modèle à saut dont l'intensité est affine avec la variance conditionnelle performe particulièrement bien a la fois pour les rendements ainsi que pour l'évaluation des options. Dans le deuxième essai, nous développons une nouvelle famille de modèles d'évaluations d'actif qui combine la flexibilité des processus de Lévy avec la facilité d'implémentations des modèles affines GARCH. Ce cadre résulte à une grande classe des processus de rendement des actifs qui ont des solutions analytiques pour leur «transforme», et mène à une évaluation simple des produits dérivés. Nous appliquons ce cadre nouvellement proposé à de divers modèles à deux-facteurs-une composante normale et une autre a base du processus à saut de Lévy. Les résultats de l'évaluation commune des options et des rendements sur l'indice du marché indiquent le rôle économique important des sauts. Nous constatons que les modèles sans sauts ne peuvent pas réconcilier la différence entre les rendements réalisés du marché et les espérances des investisseurs concernant les rendements avec un niveau de prime de risque économiquemen
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Wickström, Simon. "Jump-Diffusion Models and Implied Volatility." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analys och sannolikhetsteori, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-242054.

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22

Xia, Yuan. "Multilevel Monte Carlo for jump processes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7bc8e98a-0216-4551-a1f3-1b318e514ee8.

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This thesis consists of two parts. The first part (Chapters 2-4) considers multilevel Monte Carlo for option pricing in finite activity jump-diffusion models. We use a jump-adapted Milstein discretisation for constant rate cases and with the thinning method for bounded state-dependent rate cases. Multilevel Monte Carlo estimators are constructed for Asian, lookback, barrier and digital options. The computational efficiency is numerically demonstrated and analytically justified. The second part (Chapter 5) deals with option pricing problems in exponential Lévy models where the increments of the underlying process can be directly simulated. We discuss several examples: Variance Gamma, Normal Inverse Gaussian and alpha-stable processes and present numerical experiments of multilevel Monte Carlo for Asian, lookback, barrier options, where the running maximum of the Lévy process involved in lookback and barrier payoffs is approximated using discretely monitored maximum. To analytically verify the computational complexity of multilevel method, we also prove some upper bounds on Lp convergence rate of discretely monitored error for a broad class of Lévy processes.
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Breeds, Edward. "Novel hardware for temperature-jump DNP." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52518/.

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Although NMR is a versatile technique, the low values associated with nuclear spin polarization provide inherently weak signals. A novel system to perform temperature-jump dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has been designed and developed at the University of Nottingham, with the aim to enhance this signal and improve the sensitivity of the NMR experiment. This system utilizes a bespoke helium flow cryostat, located within the bore of a superconducting magnet, to achieve temperatures down to 1.75 K for high levels of polarization to build up on an electron spin population. This high level of polarization can then be transferred to a nuclear species of interest using microwave irradiation, while remaining at low temperature, allowing the weak signals associated with NMR to become enhanced. Following ample nuclear polarization build-up, a powerful mid-IR laser is used to rapidly bring the sample to 300 K, ensuring the spectra benefit from the line narrowing associated with liquid-state NMR. An Er:YAG laser with a wavelength of 2.94 μm has been chosen for this as it couples energy directly into the vibrational modes of hydroxyl groups present within the sample. The rapid heating mechanism underpins the success of this experiment twofold. Firstly, performing the temperature-jump in a shorter time period preserves a greater signal enhancement. This needs to be done carefully as too much heating will obliterate the sample, destroying the signal. Secondly, a temperature-jump without dilution of the sample, as occurs in dissolution DNP, allows sample recycling to take place. This opens the technique up for otherwise unavailable applications, such as multidimensional correlation spectroscopy with repetitive excitations. Development of the cryo-system, heating mechanism and NMR probe, alongside preliminary experiments and calculations, suggest that this technique should greatly improve the sensitivity of the liquid state NMR experiment.
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Boiardi, Sara. "Introduzione ai modelli a jump-diffusion." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1388/.

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Ellison, Philip James. "Structural properties of generalised jump classes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535681.

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Neuhoff, Daniel. "Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17461.

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Die vier in der vorliegenden Dissertation enthaltenen Studien beschäftigen sich vorwiegend mit dem dynamischen Verhalten makroökonomischer Zeitreihen. Diese Dynamiken werden sowohl im Kontext eines einfachen DSGE Modells, als auch aus der Sichtweise reiner Zeitreihenmodelle untersucht.
The four studies of this thesis are concerned predominantly with the dynamics of macroeconomic time series, both in the context of a simple DSGE model, as well as from a pure time series modeling perspective.
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Horton, Micheal Milo. "Improving vertical jump: A program design." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2185.

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The purpose of this project is to review current literature on the mechanics and physiology of the vertical jump and to provide an understanding of the jump itself. The second purpose is to develop a step by step program to increase vertical jump from grade school through high school.
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Diop, Sidy <1987&gt. "Credit Risk Management and Jump Models." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8745/1/Sidy%20Diop%20-%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf.

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This doctoral thesis comprises three research papers that seek to improve and create corporate and sovereign credit risk models, to provide an approximate analytic expressions for CDS spreads and a numerical method for partial differential equation arisen from pricing defaultable coupon bond. First, an extension of Jump to Default Constant Elasticity Variance in more general and realistic framework is provided (see Chapter 3). We incorporate, in the model introduced in [9], a stochastic interest rate with possible negative values. In addition we provide an asymptotic approximation formula for CDS spreads based on perturbation theory. The robustness and efficiency of the method is conformed by several calibration tests on real market data. Next, under the model introduced in Chapter 3, we present in Chapter 4 a new numerical method for pricing non callable defaultable bond. we propose appropriate numerical schemes based on a Crank-Nicolson semi-Lagrangian method for time discretization combined with biquadratic Lagrange finite elements for space discretization. Once the numerical solutions of the PDEs are obtained, a post-processing procedure is carried out in order to achieve the value of the bond. Finally, we introduce a hybrid Sovereign credit risk model in which the intensity of default of a sovereign is based on the jump to default extended CEV model (see Chapter 5). The model captures the interrelationship between creditworthiness of a sovereign, its intensity to default and the correlation with the exchange rate between the bond's currency and the currency in which the CDS spread are quoted. We consider the Sovereign Credit Default Swaps Italy, during and after the financial crisis, as a case of study to show the effectiveness of our model.
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Green, Nancy C. "The influence of parachute jump experience on intensity of sensation seeking and anxiety state during a jump exercise /." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61895.

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30

Antunes, Mário. "Efeitos agudos da aplicação de Kinesio Tape na performance do salto vertical." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4322.

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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Fisioterapia
Introdução: A aplicação de Kinesio Tape tem sido utilizada para melhorar o desempenho desportivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos agudos da aplicação de Kinesio Tape na performance do salto vertical. Metodologia: A amostra foi constituída por 12 participantes (7 mulheres e 5 homens), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 35 anos. Todos os participantes foram avaliados em duas sessões onde foi aplicado o procedimento experimental ou de controlo, de forma randomizada. Para avaliar o desempenho do salto vertical recorreu-se à utilização do Ergojump®. Resultados: Verificou-se uma diminuição significativa da performance após o procedimento de controlo que não se verificou após a aplicação da ligadura. Conclusão: A aplicação da ligadura não melhorou a performance do salto vertical, mas parece indiciar efeitos protetores de diminuição da performance de salto. Introduction: The application of Kinesio Tape has been used to improve athletic performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effects of Kinesio Tape on the vertical jump performance. Methodology: The sample consisted in 12 participants (7 women and 5 men), with ages between 18 and 35 years. All the participants were assessed in two sessions for the application of the control and experimental procedures in a random order. The Ergojump®was used for the evaluation of the jump performance. Results: A significant decrease of the performance was found after the control procedure but not after the Kinesio Tape application. Conclusion: The Kinesio Tape did not improve the vertical jump performance, but seems to indicate protective effects in the decrease of the jump performance.
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Sjödin, Johanna. "Telefonapplikationen My Jump2 som mätverktyg vid utförandet av unilateralt Drop Jump. : Klinisk funktionell bedömning av triceps surae hos aktiva motionärer." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för idrottsmedicin, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-166190.

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Introduktion: Smartphoneapplikationen My Jump2 har bedömts att ha större tillgänglighet och inte vara beroende av labbutrustning vid vertikala hopptester. I jämförelse med kraftplatta (golden standard) har applikationen visat sig valid och reliabel. My Jump2 har uppvisat mycket bra- perfekt korrelation mot övrig kraftutrustning. Jämförelse mellan My Jump2 och kliniska tester är ännu inte beprövat på detta område. Syfte: Syftet med denna kliniska studie var att analysera samband och korrelationer mellan värden från My Jump2 och kliniska tester gällande funktionell bedömning av underbenets muskulatur. Därför jämfördes värden hos aktiva, icke skadade män och kvinnor. Metod: Totalt 26st kvinnor och män testades vid ett indivduellt testtilfälle i gymmiljö. 3rep MAX, lunge-test, antal tåhävningar och bäst av tre drop jump analyserades på dominanta benet. Pearsons korrelation användes för att undersöka samband mellan My Jump2 och kliniska tester och ANCOVA för att undersöka skillnader mellan deltagare. Resultat: Huvudfynden var att MyJump2 uppvisade två signifikanta korrelationssamband för männen och ett för kvinnorna vid jämförelse med kliniska tester. Signifikanta skillnader gällande RSI-värde med hänsyn till muskelstyrka 3rep MAX (95% CI; 0,01-0,19, p = 0,03) fanns mellan könen. Ingen signifikant skillnad i stiffness med hänsyn till ROM (95% CI; -0,11- 0,55, p = 0,18) justerat mot kön (95% CI; -0,78-2,03, p = 0,37) återfanns. Konklusion: Resultaten indikerar på att vidare forskning är nödvändig. Endast få signifikanta korrelationssamband återfanns mellan värden från My Jump2 och kliniska tester. My Jump2 visar signifikanta nivåer för RSI-värdet med hänsyn till muskelstyrka och kön. Studien kan inte bekräfta förväntade samband mellan My Jump2 och kliniska tester för underbenet.
Introduction: The smartphoneapplication My Jump2 has been assessed in rescent research for its validity and reliability. In comparison to golden standard devices, My Jump2 shows great- perfect correlation measuring jump height. Eventhough former results indicate usability of the smarthphoneapplication, further research is needed in order to evaluate clinical usefulness in a more expanded population. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship and correlations between measured values from My Jump2 and clinical testing of lower extremity performance. This in an active and recreational population, both male and female. Method: A total of 26 males and females were tested individually in a gym-location. 3rep MAX, lunge-test, heel-rises to exhaustion and best of three drop jumps were analysed on the dominat leg. Pearsons correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between My Jump2 and clinical tests and ANCOVA to analyse diffrences within the testgroup. Results: Analysis showed two significant correlations between functional values for the men and one for women when comparing My Jump2 and clinical tests. A significant difference in RSI-value was found between the covariate (sex) (95% CI; 0,01-0,19, p = 0,03) considering 3rep MAX (factor). No significant difference was found in stiffness between the covariate (sex) considering ROM (factor). Conclusion: This study indicates that further research is needed. Analysis shows few significant correlations between My Jump2 and clinical tests. My Jump2 results shows significant values regarding RSI-values considering sex and musclestrenght. This study can not confirm the relationship and correlations between measured values from My Jump2 and clinical testing of lower extremity performance.
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32

Boysen, Leif. "Jump estimation for noisy blurred step functions." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2006/boysen.

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33

Wong, Wee Chin. "Estimation and control of jump stochastic systems." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31775.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Jay H. Lee; Committee Member: Alexander Gray; Committee Member: Erik Verriest; Committee Member: Magnus Egerstedt; Committee Member: Martha Grover; Committee Member: Matthew Realff. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Skoog, Daniel. "Jump processes and the implied volatility curve." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120040.

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35

Simsek, Cagdas. "Forced Hydraulic Jump On Artificially Roughened Beds." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608038/index.pdf.

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In the scope of the study, prismatic roughness elements with different longitudinal spacing and arrangements have been tested in a rectangular flume in order to reveal their effects on fundamental characteristics of a hydraulic jump. Two basic roughness types with altering arrangements have been tested. Roughness elements of the first type extends through the channel width against the flow with varying length and pitch ratios for different arrangements. The second type is of staggered essence and produced by piecing the roughness elements defined in the initial type into three parts which are equal in length. The doublet formed from the pieces on the sides is shifted to the consequent row to make two successive roughness rows encapsulate the channel span completely. Staggered roughness type is formed with the repetition of this arrangement along the flume. Independent of their type and arrangement, the entirety of roughness elements are embedded in the channel bed in order to avoid their protuberance into the flow, based on the presumption that the crests of the roughness elements levelled with the channel inlet would be less exposed to caving effects of flow than the protruding elements. In the study, influence of the proposed roughness elements on the fundamental engineering concerns as the length, height (tail water depth) and energy dissipation capacity of hydraulic jumps has been questioned in the light of empirical work and related literature on forced and smooth hydraulic jumps. At the final stage of the study, it was concluded that both strip and staggered roughness have positive effects on the characteristics of hydraulic jump given above. 3-7% more energy dissipation was observed in jumps on rough beds compared to classical hydraulic jumps. For tailwater dept reduction, whereas strip roughness provided 5-13%, staggered roughness led to 7-15% tailwater depth reduction compared to classical hydraulic jump. While strip roughness reduced jump length around 40%, 35-55% reduction was observed with staggered roughness when compared to classical hydraulic jump.
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Pereira, Gleber [UNESP]. "Co-ordination and fatigue of countermovement jump." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100397.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-07-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:19:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_g_dr_rcla.pdf: 601547 bytes, checksum: 78fe39c887efbb78c46303cff6e30a46 (MD5)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo principal desta tese foi investigar a causa e a conseqüência da fadiga em countermovement jumps realizados em diferentes razões de esforço e pausa. Esses objetivos foram testados utilizando dois estudos experimentais. O primeiro estudo comparou as causas da fadiga em protocolos de fadiga de curta (=10 min) e longa duração (=20 min), manipulando as durações da pausa entre countermovement jumps. Os resultados indicaram que, após a realização do protocolo de fadiga de curta duração, houve redução da contração isométrica voluntária máxima para extensão do joelho acompanhada por fadiga central e periférica. Por outro lado, após a realização do protocolo de fadiga de longa duração, a redução da contração isométrica voluntária máxima para extensão do joelho foi associada apenas à fadiga periférica. No segundo estudo foi utilizado um protocolo de fadiga para o sistema neuromuscular similar ao primeiro estudo, tendo como objetivo investigar o padrão de movimento sob fadiga. O tempo e a seqüência da relação inter-segmental do movimento e da ativação muscular permaneceram inalteradas sob a condição de fadiga. Entretanto, alguns ajustes no controle de countermovement jumps realizados sob a condição de fadiga foram observados, provavelmente na tentativa de manter a altura do salto vertical. Entre alguns ajustes, é possível destacar um aumento na flexão das articulações e na duração do salto vertical. Esses resultados foram similares independentemente da razão de esforço e pausa utilizada para induzir fadiga em countermovement jumps. Considerando ambos os estudos experimentais, os resultados da presente tese sugerem que a causa da fadiga em countermovement jumps é tarefa-dependente. Isso significa que dependendo do protocolo de indução de fadiga utilizado, a causa da fadiga pode ser alterada de central para periférica, por exemplo...
This thesis explored the cause of fatigue in countermovement jump performed under different intensities and its influence upon movement pattern. These aims were tested using two experimental studies. The first one aimed to compare the causes of fatigue development during a short- (=10 min) and a long-term (=20 min) countermovement jump protocols through the manipulation of resting interval. The results indicated that after short-term fatigue protocol, maximal voluntary isometric contraction reduction was accompanied by central and peripheral fatigue. On the other hand, after long-term fatigue protocol, maximal voluntary isometric contraction reduction was accompanied by peripheral fatigue. The second study used similar exercise protocol to induce fatigue on neuromuscular system. It was aimed to investigate the movement pattern of countermovement jump throughout fatigue exercise protocols. The timing and sequencing of inter-segmental movement and of muscle activation remained relatively unaltered under fatigue. However, in order to sustain required jump height, few adjustments were performed on control and on coordination of fatigued jumps, such as increased joint flexion and earlier initiation of joint extension. This result was quite similar irrespective of fatigue-induced exercise intensities. Considering both experimental studies, the results of present thesis suggest that the cause of fatigue in countermovement jump is task-dependent in which depends on what fatigue protocol is used, thereby the cause of fatigue can move from one site to another. Even with the neuromuscular system impaired, there was not change on the movement pattern of countermovement jump, irrespective of exercise duration and cause of fatigue. However, adjustments on control and coordination of countermovement jump were performed in order to compensate the force loss and to maintain the targeted jump height.
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37

Jiang, Xia. "Cadmium jump frequencies in L1₂ intermetallic compounds." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2008/x_jiang_042408.pdf.

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38

Saeedi, Ardavan. "Nonparametric Bayesian models for Markov jump processes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42963.

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Markov jump processes (MJPs) have been used as models in various fields such as disease progression, phylogenetic trees, and communication networks. The main motivation behind this thesis is the application of MJPs to data modeled as having complex latent structure. In this thesis we propose a nonparametric prior, the gamma-exponential process (GEP), over MJPs. Nonparametric Bayesian models have recently attracted much attention in the statistics community, due to their flexibility, adaptability, and usefulness in analyzing complex real world datasets. The GEP is a prior over infinite rate matrices which characterize an MJP; this prior can be used in Bayesian models where an MJP is imposed on the data but the number of states of the MJP is unknown in advance. We show that the GEP model we propose has some attractive properties such as conjugacy and simple closed-form predictive distributions. We also introduce the hierarchical version of the GEP model; sharing statistical strength can be considered as the main motivation behind the hierarchical model. We show that our hierarchical model admits efficient inference algorithms. We introduce two inference algorithms: 1) a “basic” particle Markov chain Monte Carlo (PMCMC) algorithm which is an MCMC algorithm with sequences proposed by a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm; 2) a modified version of this PMCPC algorithm with an “improved” SMC proposal. Finally, we demonstrate the algorithms on the problems of estimating disease progression in multiple sclerosis and RNA evolutionary modeling. In both domains, we found that our model outperformed the standard rate matrix estimation approach.
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39

Simen, Chardin Wese. "Variance and jump risks in financial markets." Thesis, University of Reading, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627643.

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This thesis investigates variance and jump risks in financial markets. Chapter 1 introduces these two concepts. Following this overview, Chapter 2 presents a thorough analysis of the compensation required by investors for their exposure to commodity variance risk. We analyze the payoffs of variance swaps of 21 prominent commodity markets over more than 20 years and find significant variance risk premia in 18 out of 21 markets. We show that commodity variance risk premia are negative, time-varying and their magnitudes increase with variance. Although classical and state-of-the-art factor models cannot explain variations in commodity variance risk premia satisfactorily, we document a significant relation between variance risk premia and macroeconomic beliefs. Chapter 3 builds on the findings of Chapter 2 to study the implication of the volatility risk premium for volatility forecasting. The volatility risk premium drives a wedge between the volatility implied from the risk-neutral probability measure and subsequently realized under the physical probability measure, making implied volatility a biased forecast of realized volatility. We introduce a non-parametric and parsimonious approach to adjust the model-free implied volatility for the volatility risk premium and implement this methodology using more than 20 years of options and futures data on three major energy markets.
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40

Knight, P. "Temperature jump studies of lyotropic liquid crystals." Thesis, University of Salford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234784.

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41

Bu, Tianren. "Option pricing under exponential jump diffusion processes." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/option-pricing-under-exponential-jump-diffusion-processes(0dab0630-b8f8-4ee8-8bf0-8cd0b9b9afc0).html.

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The main contribution of this thesis is to derive the properties and present a closed from solution of the exotic options under some specific types of Levy processes, such as American put options, American call options, British put options, British call options and American knock-out put options under either double exponential jump-diffusion processes or one-sided exponential jump-diffusion processes. Compared to the geometric Brownian motion, exponential jump-diffusion processes can better incorporate the asymmetric leptokurtic features and the volatility smile observed from the market. Pricing the option with early exercise feature is the optimal stopping problem to determine the optimal stopping time to maximize the expected options payoff. Due to the Markovian structure of the underlying process, the optimal stopping problem is related to the free-boundary problem consisting of an integral differential equation and suitable boundary conditions. By the local time-space formula for semi-martingales, the closed form solution for the options value can be derived from the free-boundary problem and we characterize the optimal stopping boundary as the unique solution to a nonlinear integral equation arising from the early exercise premium (EEP) representation. Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 discuss American put options and American call options respectively. When pricing options with early exercise feature under the double exponential jump-diffusion processes, a non-local integral term will be found in the infinitesimal generator of the underlying process. By the local time-space formula for semi-martingales, we show that the value function and the optimal stopping boundary are the unique solution pair to the system of two integral equations. The significant contributions of these two chapters are to prove the uniqueness of the value function and the optimal stopping boundary under less restrictive assumptions compared to previous literatures. In the degenerate case with only one-sided jumps, we find that the results are in line with the geometric Brownian motion models, which extends the analytical tractability of the Black-Scholes analysis to alternative models with jumps. In Chapter 4 and Chapter 5, we examine the British payoff mechanism under one-sided exponential jump-diffusion processes, which is the first analysis of British options for process with jumps. We show that the optimal stopping boundaries of British put options with only negative jumps or British call options with only positive jumps can also be characterized as the unique solution to a nonlinear integral equation arising from the early exercise premium representation. Chapter 6 provides the study of American knock-out put options under negative exponential jump-diffusion processes. The conditional memoryless property of the exponential distribution enables us to obtain an analytical form of the arbitrage-free price for American knock-out put options, which is usually more difficult for many other jump-diffusion models.
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42

Ocampo-Salazar, Julian Andres. "Scale : the next jump in architectural production." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98638.

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Thesis: M. Arch., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 120-121).
As a result of macro-economic trends as well as extensive support from the Chinese central government and its 'Go West' initiative Chongqing has become the fastest growing large city in the world, with annual GDP growth of 15% and a continued economic expansion that has facilitated the conditions for unprecedented urban development both in terms of size and speed. In the year 2013 half an Empire State building was constructed in the city every day, an equivalent of 182 Empire State buildings in one year, a massive amount of architectural production for a single city. Chongqing has followed the default growth paradigm of isolated multi - tower - in - the - park developments located at the periphery of the city that are, by default, conceived in isolation; this paradigm fails to envision the concurrent architectural production within the city as a possible force that can be focused and utilized to shape the urban experience, reduce overall transportation time, reduce energy consumption and make evident the reality of the scale at which the city is growing. Scale, The next jump in architectural production proposes an alternative development model that capitalizes on the opportunities embedded within the unprecedented scale of concurrent development taking place in Chongqing. By understanding this development as a confluent force Scale proposes a system through which buildings previously thought of as single use become multi - use infrastructural parts of a much larger architectural object, a single "building made of buildings". Typical generically designed housing and office towers become the columns supporting city blocks turned elevated beams that assemble to form a new infrastructural object. Such an object fulfills the immediate programmatic requirements of the city below; education, housing, offices and public space as well as transportation are embedded within, giving the new architectural object the ability to intensify the gravitational pull of the city towards itself and serves as a marker showcasing the unparalleled scale of architectural production that the city of Chongqing is currently able to generate.
by Julian Andres Ocampo-Salazar.
M. Arch.
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43

Pollock, Murray. "Some Monte Carlo methods for jump diffusions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60602/.

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In this thesis we develop computationally efficient methods to simulate finite dimensional representations of (jump) diffusion and (jump) diffusion bridge sample paths over finite intervals, without discretisation error (exactly), in such a way that the sample path can be restored at any desired finite collection of time points. Furthermore, we extend methodology for particle filters to the setting in which the transition density of the latent process is governed by a jump diffusion. Finally, we present methodology which allows the simulation of upper and lower bounding processes which almost surely constrain (jump) diffusion and (jump) diffusion bridge sample paths to any specified tolerance. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach by showing that with finite computation it is possible to determine whether or not sample paths cross various irregular barriers, simulate to any specified tolerance the first hitting time of the irregular barrier, and simulate killed diffusion sample paths.
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44

Pereira, Gleber. "Co-ordination and fatigue of countermovement jump /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100397.

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Resumo: O objetivo principal desta tese foi investigar a causa e a conseqüência da fadiga em countermovement jumps realizados em diferentes razões de esforço e pausa. Esses objetivos foram testados utilizando dois estudos experimentais. O primeiro estudo comparou as causas da fadiga em protocolos de fadiga de curta (=10 min) e longa duração (=20 min), manipulando as durações da pausa entre countermovement jumps. Os resultados indicaram que, após a realização do protocolo de fadiga de curta duração, houve redução da contração isométrica voluntária máxima para extensão do joelho acompanhada por fadiga central e periférica. Por outro lado, após a realização do protocolo de fadiga de longa duração, a redução da contração isométrica voluntária máxima para extensão do joelho foi associada apenas à fadiga periférica. No segundo estudo foi utilizado um protocolo de fadiga para o sistema neuromuscular similar ao primeiro estudo, tendo como objetivo investigar o padrão de movimento sob fadiga. O tempo e a seqüência da relação inter-segmental do movimento e da ativação muscular permaneceram inalteradas sob a condição de fadiga. Entretanto, alguns ajustes no controle de countermovement jumps realizados sob a condição de fadiga foram observados, provavelmente na tentativa de manter a altura do salto vertical. Entre alguns ajustes, é possível destacar um aumento na flexão das articulações e na duração do salto vertical. Esses resultados foram similares independentemente da razão de esforço e pausa utilizada para induzir fadiga em countermovement jumps. Considerando ambos os estudos experimentais, os resultados da presente tese sugerem que a causa da fadiga em countermovement jumps é tarefa-dependente. Isso significa que dependendo do protocolo de indução de fadiga utilizado, a causa da fadiga pode ser alterada de central para periférica, por exemplo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This thesis explored the cause of fatigue in countermovement jump performed under different intensities and its influence upon movement pattern. These aims were tested using two experimental studies. The first one aimed to compare the causes of fatigue development during a short- (=10 min) and a long-term (=20 min) countermovement jump protocols through the manipulation of resting interval. The results indicated that after short-term fatigue protocol, maximal voluntary isometric contraction reduction was accompanied by central and peripheral fatigue. On the other hand, after long-term fatigue protocol, maximal voluntary isometric contraction reduction was accompanied by peripheral fatigue. The second study used similar exercise protocol to induce fatigue on neuromuscular system. It was aimed to investigate the movement pattern of countermovement jump throughout fatigue exercise protocols. The timing and sequencing of inter-segmental movement and of muscle activation remained relatively unaltered under fatigue. However, in order to sustain required jump height, few adjustments were performed on control and on coordination of fatigued jumps, such as increased joint flexion and earlier initiation of joint extension. This result was quite similar irrespective of fatigue-induced exercise intensities. Considering both experimental studies, the results of present thesis suggest that the cause of fatigue in countermovement jump is task-dependent in which depends on what fatigue protocol is used, thereby the cause of fatigue can move from one site to another. Even with the neuromuscular system impaired, there was not change on the movement pattern of countermovement jump, irrespective of exercise duration and cause of fatigue. However, adjustments on control and coordination of countermovement jump were performed in order to compensate the force loss and to maintain the targeted jump height.
Orientador: Eduardo Kokubun
Coorientador: José Angelo Barela
Banca: André Luiz Félix Rodacki
Banca: Ana Maria Forti Barela
Banca: Carlos Ugrinowistch
Doutor
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45

Czornik, Adam. "On control problems for jump linear systems." Praca habilitacyjna, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, 2003. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=8802.

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46

Koimburi, Mercy Muthoni. "Finite activity jump models for option pricing." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9115.

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This thesis aims to look at option pricing under affine jump diffusion processes, with particular emphasis on using Fourier transforms. The focus of the thesis is on using Fourier transform to price European options and Barrier options under the Heston stochastic volatility model and the Bates model. Bates model combines Merton's jump diffusion model and Heston's stochastic volatility model. We look at the calibration problem and use Matlab functions to model the DAX options volatility surface. Finally, using the parameters generated, we use the two stated models to price barrier options.
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47

Xu, Guoping. "Basket options pricing for jump diffusion models." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6331.

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In this thesis we discuss basket option valuation for jump-diffusion models. We suggest three new approximate pricing methods. The first approximation method is the weighted sum of Rogers and Shi’s lower bound and the conditional second moment adjustments. The second is the asymptotic expansion to approximate the conditional expectation of the stochastic variance associated with the basket value process. The third is the lower bound approximation which is based on the combination of the asymptotic expansion method and Rogers and Shi’s lower bound. We also derive a forward partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) for general asset price processes with stochastic volatilities and stochastic jump compensators. Numerical tests show that the suggested methods are fast and accurate in comparison with Monte Carlo and other methods in most cases.
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48

Mina, Francesco. "On Markovian approximation schemes of jump processes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/48049.

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The topic of this thesis is the study of approximation schemes of jump processes whose driving noise is a Levy process. In the first part of our work we study properties of the driving noise. We present a novel approximation method for the density of a Levy process. The scheme makes use of a continuous time Markov chain defined through a careful analysis of the generator. We identify the rate of convergence and carry out a detailed analysis of the error. We also analyse the case of multidimensional Levy processes in the form of subordinate Brownian motion. We provide a weak scheme to approximate the density that does not rely on discretising the Levy measure and results in better convergence rates. The second part of the thesis concerns the analysis of schemes for BSDEs driven by Brownian motion and a Poisson random measure. Such equations appear naturally in hedging problems, stochastic control and they provide a natural probabilistic approach to the solution of certain semi linear PIDEs. While the numerical approximation of the continuous case has been studied in the literature, there has been relatively little progress in the study of such equations with a discontinuous driver. We present a weak Monte Carlo scheme in this setting based on Picard iterations. We discuss its convergence and provide a numerical illustration.
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49

Turco, Giovanna <1985&gt. "Il "jump cut": dagli esordi al Carosello." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6565.

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Il montaggio come linguaggio dell’opera filmica. Uno studio che parte dalla pratica del montaggio interrogandosi su come interagisce con l’insieme delle operazioni che compongono l’opera finale. Dal cinema agli spot pubblicitari, in particolare dal cinema godardiano. Jean-Luc Godard come anello tra ieri e oggi. La pubblicità televisiva che per necessità temporali crea “mini storie” per giungere allo scopo finale e noi spettatori che riusciamo comunque a cogliere il messaggio, forse non alla prima visione, anzi è nella ripetizione che ne cogliamo il significato, come nei film di Godard dove il messaggio subliminale non risulta comprensibile a primo acchito. Il “jump cut” attribuito al lavoro godardiano come essenza del montaggio degli spot pubblicitari.
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50

Karagiannis, Georgios. "AISRJMCMC - Annealed Importance Sampling within Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm : a pseudo-marginal reversible jump MCMC algorithm." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546223.

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