Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Jumeaux – Psychologie – Études longitudinales'
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Aubé, Sophie. "L'étiologie génétique et environnementale de l'association entre le langage à l'enfance et l'écriture à l'adolescence : une étude de jumeaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69376.
Full textThe onset of oral language precedes that of written language. Many studies show that the former develops concurrently with the latter, and that oral language skills contribute to writing skills at various stages of development, from preschool to high school. Indeed, language skills are relatively stable over time and many components of oral language are intrinsic to writing tasks. Given the importance of writing for academic achievement, this study first aimed to understand if language skills at preschool contribute directly to writing in high school, or indirectly through primary school language and the language component of writing. The second aim of this study was to explore the extent to which genetic and environmental factors explain these potential associations. The sample (n = 620) is drawn from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study, a longitudinal follow-up of a cohort of twins born in the greater Montreal area. Language skills were measured when children were 1.5, 2.5, 6, 7, 10, and 12 years old, and writing skills were measured at 15 years old. Participants who completed the writing task in French were included in the study. Results showed that oral language was modestly associated with writing over a 12-year span, and that primary school language as well as the language component of writing were mediators of this association. Further, genes explained 63% of the association between preschool language and school age language, 64% of the association between school age language and the language component of writing in high school, and 83% of the association between the language component of writing and a residual writing score in high school. These results highlight the developmental continuity from oral to written language from preschool to high school and show that genetic factors largely account for this continuity.
Salazar, Delgadillo Stefanie Sofia. "L'entraînement à la déviance en début de scolarisation : processus interpersonnels et conséquences sociales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28317/28317.pdf.
Full textDeviancy training, defined as the constellation of social processes which shape, encourage and promote deviant behaviours between peers, is associated with the increase in behaviour problems in both childhood and adolescence. The few studies which have examined deviancy training in childhood are however limited in several ways. They have only studied positive reinforcement as a social influence process and have ignored others such as modeling; they have not identified the roles children can take in the interaction, either being the training agent or the one receiving the training; they studied deviancy training between general peers and did not specifically consider friends’ contribution; and have used only at risk samples. This thesis provides a more complete portrait of deviancy training. Using the longitudinal Quebec Newborn Twin Study, we document the prevalence of modeling and positive reinforcement – provided and received – at six years of age, as well as the concurrent contribution of behaviour problems on these dimensions. We also examined the contribution of deviancy training on the increase of behaviour problems a year later. Results of the first study show that modeling and positive reinforcement – provided and received – are prevalent in this low-risk sample and that behaviour problems are associated only with provided dimensions, thus revealing that deviancy training takes place between deviant and non-deviant children. The second study indicates that, over and above initial behaviour problems, only provided modeling predicts an increase in behaviour problems a year later. Our findings suggest that in low-risk contexts where overall levels of behaviour problems are low, deviancy training is not practiced between deviant peers but between deviant and non deviant children, and that behaviour problems only increase for those who provide deviant modeling. The level of risk in samples is therefore an important factor in deviancy training, as it could influence the degree of affiliation between deviant peers and the social promotion of deviant behaviour. These findings are useful for the design and implementation of programs that target peer affiliations as a way of preventing antisocial behaviour. The measurement weaknesses of the study would however need to be addressed before drawing solid conclusions.
Boisseau, Baptiste. "Études longitudinales de l'influence modulatrice de l'engagement comportemental sur la production de faux souvenirs." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2006.
Full textThis thesis aims to evaluate the influence of the pro-attitudinal commitment on the production of false memories according to the consistency of the processed information. Two relevant tools have been developed to specifically study two types of false memories : associative illusions of memory (Deese, 1959b, Roediger & McDermott, 1995) and false memory induced by the misinformation paradigm (Loftus, Miller, & Burns, 1978). The first study (n = 194) shows that commitment leads to an increase in the production of consistent illusions of memory. The second study (n = 198) reveals that subjects experiencing sociocognitive radicalization are especially susceptible to the misinformation effect when the exposed speech is consistent with their beliefs. On the other hand, when it is inconsistent, no misinformation effect emerges for committed participants who appear even particularly able to discriminate the targeted informations by suggestions. Beyond their memory performance, those groups show the strongest explicit attitudinal modifications. In the both experimental situations, signal detection analyzes reveal that commitment leads to the adoption of a lenient response criterion when the decision-making process involves consistent informations. In addition, results from both studies suggest that the increased production of consistent false memories persists until one year after commitment. Taken together, these different elements allow to envisage the production of consistent false memories as a possible implicit measure of the radicalization of attitudes and beliefs
Roy, Caroline. "Stress parental, sensibilité maternelle et réactivité de l'enfant : Une étude longitudinale et multidimensionnelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28984/28984.pdf.
Full textPouliot-Lapointe, Joëlle. "Étude longitudinale des liens entre les conduites parentales psychologiquement violentes, les problèmes de comportement des préadolescents et les conflits parentaux." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30014/30014.pdf.
Full textGagné, Mélanie. "La relation entre la rupture conjugale et l'évolution de la sécurité d'attachement." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44327.
Full textOuellet, Emmanuel. "La relation entre le trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité et le développement du langage." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27289/27289.pdf.
Full textBlais-Bergeron, Marie-Hélène. "Précision diagnostique de l'inventaire d'organisation de la personnalité et sensibilité à la violence conjugale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30296/30296.pdf.
Full textHervouet, Séverine. "Le rôle de l'hormonothérapie dans le développement de la dépression chez les hommes atteints d'un cancer de la prostate : une étude longitudinale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27107/27107.pdf.
Full textBégin, Gabrielle. "Déterminants biologiques et maternels des problèmes de comportement chez l'enfant inuit d'âge scolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27203.
Full textThis research project aims to document the association between multiple biological and psychosocial determinants and the emergence of behavioural problems among schoolaged Inuit children. The objectives are firstly to document the presence of these risk factors through descriptive statistics and secondly, test the association with the development of externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems in a sample of eleven-year-old children. 294 Inuit aged between 8 and 14 years living in Nunavik were invited to participate in this longitudinal study. The Teacher's Report Form of the CBCL was faxed to the child's school for his teacher to complete. Pearson correlations and multiple regressions were performed on variables significantly associated with behaviour problems. The results of the correlations show that biological determinants are not associated with the occurrence of internalizing behaviour problems (IBP), and that gender and tobacco consumption during pregnancy are correlated with the appearance of externalized behaviour problems (EBP). In addition, prenatal drug use and breastfeeding have marginally significant correlations with EBP. Regression analyzes show the effects of child gender, prenatal exposure to tobacco, the Raven score and food insecurity are significantly associated with the occurrence of EBP, while the score at Raven and language during the interview, when combined, account for the emergence of IBP. In light of these results, questions remain and are discussed in conclusion.
Aimé, Annie. "L'appariement des styles de motivation et l'évolution de la satisfaction conjugale." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ33556.pdf.
Full textAuger, Marie-Christine. "L'attachement adulte et l'adaptation psychologique : le rôle de la personnalité." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37179.
Full textGheloube, Florence. "Les processus cognitifs de la compréhension des enfants gabonais selon l'école fréquentée, la classe sociale et le sexe : étude longitudinale." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30030.
Full textIn this work we suggest studying the understanding of Gabonese children (152 participants on the whole) by means of a set of theories to which we refer. We are more particularly interested in the study of the levels of representation (Surface structure, Base of text, Model of situation) of Kintsch and van Dijk (1988), in the study the capacity of semantic integration of Bransford and Franks (1971), in the study of the capacity of inhibition of Gernsbacher (1990), and in the study of the capacity to resist to the interference of Stroop (1935). The pursued purpose is triple. At first, through a longitudinal study, we wanted to know if there was a link between the frequented type of school and the processes and which contribute to the understanding. Our second objective was to know, with the other participants that those of the first series of experiments, if these processes were sensitive to the social class from which arise the pupils. Finally, in the third time, with the other participants that those of the previous experiments, we wanted to know that it was the level of representation of these pupils in French and in their mother tongue (fang). The obtained results allowed to put in evidence for the first series of experiments that for the first series of experiments, the processes under jacents in the understanding evolve with the age. For the second series of experiment, an effect connected to the social class for the access to the model of situation. And, finally an influence of French on the mother tongue (fang). Besides, the meditative data show an absence of effect connected to the types of frequented school and to the sex whatever is the studied process. It reveals as well an absence of effect connected to the social class for the capacity of semantic integration, the capacity of inhibition and the capacity to resist to the interference. In the term of our work we suggest some tracks of researches, and the sketch of an educational project allowing to every teacher to estimate the capacity of understanding of the pupils
Akif, Zohra. "Analyse des performances en langue écrite d'élèves issus de l'immigration en Région de Bruxelles Capitale: études longitudinales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210635.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Dion, Éric. "Relation d'amitié et affiliation à une clique : liens avec l'ajustement et les conduites externalisées chez les enfants du primaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44284.
Full textGodard, Julie. "Fonctionnements psychosocial et neuropsychologique associés à un épisode dépressif majeur dans le cadre d'un trouble de l'humeur sévère et complexe." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27025/27025.pdf.
Full textBoucher, Olivier. "Potentiels évoqués cognitifs : indice de neurotoxicité chez les enfants inuits exposés aux contaminants environnementaux." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27115/27115.pdf.
Full textBoivin, Ariane. "Développement social des enfants nés prématurément : effet de l'intervention CoNaître." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27943/27943.pdf.
Full textPoliakova, Natalia. "Étiologie de la variabilité cardiaque à 5 mois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28030/28030.pdf.
Full textGirard, Caroline. "Caractérisation clinique et cognitive des troubles psychotiques d'apparition tardive." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27942/27942.pdf.
Full textJomphe, Mélanie. "Effets de variables telles que le développement cognitif et l'environnement familial sur le développement de symptômes de TDAH chez les prématurés." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21894.
Full textCarrizales, Alexia. "Le rôle des milieux de vie dans le développement de l'empathie et des comportements prosociaux à l'adolescence." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0246/document.
Full textAdolescence is a significant period in life that is characterized by major changes that have been theoretically and empirically related to changes in social environments. Adolescents different living environments offer the “playground” to explore, to test, to develop and integrate social cues and crucial abilities that are necessary for social interaction, such as prosocial behaviours. During adolescence, peer relationships become more salient and prominent than in any other period in life. Away from the family and the school context, adolescents spend a large amount of time in activities with peers. Among these activities we focused on extracurricular activity participation, that have been conceptualised as an important developmental context of adolescents’ livesThe first aim of this dissertation was to provide more insight into the role of living environments in relation to empathy and prosocial behaviours in adolescence. We developed and examined an integrative model of the relations between positive and negative living environment features, adolescents’ perceptions of prosocial behaviours across the three contexts (family, class and extracurricular peer group) and their own prosocial behaviours, taking into account the potential mediating role of empathy.The second aim was to provide more insight into the bidirectional longitudinal relations between empathy and prosocial behaviours during adolescence, with a special focus on the within-person processes.Finally, the third aim of this dissertation was to provide more insight into adolescents’ prosocial behaviours and empathy developmental trajectories considering extracurricular activity participation.This dissertation used data from a 3-Wave longitudinal study gathered during the three years of the PhD with data collected at one-year intervals. Adolescents answered questions concerning the features of the living environment, their peer group’s and parents’ prosocial behaviours, extracurricular activity participation, and their own empathy and prosocial behaviour.Our findings suggest that extracurricular peer group features, family features (particularly the negative ones) and extracurricular peer group and parents’ prosocial behaviours play a major role in adolescents’ prosocial behaviours via empathy in adolescence.Therefore, we found that empathy is a driver of prosocial behaviours. We also identified that latent class growth for empathy and prosocial behaviour were different in the extracurricular activity group for which there was no downward trend trajectory over time compared to the non-extracurricular group.Using one approach across three living environments allowed us to capture the common and specific features of the family, school and extracurricular peer group contexts that influence adolescents’ prosocial behaviours. Furthermore, our results highlighted the need to acknowledge the between person differences and the within-person processes of development. Moreover, it is important to consider the heterogeneity of developmental trajectories concerning empathy and prosocial behaviours during adolescence if we want to capture the complex interplay between family, class, extracurricular peer group, empathy and prosocial development
Delisle, Marie-Noëlle. "Étude longitudinale de la représentation numérique des femmes dans les programmes de sciences et génie à l'université et ses effets sur la menace du stéréotype et sur la motivation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25887/25887.pdf.
Full textChevrier, Basilie. "Approche longitudinale de l'ajustement psychosocial des étudiants primo-entrants en contexte universitaire : une question de transition vers l'âge adulte." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0233.
Full textStarting university is a period of major transition with many changes in roles, statuses, and environments. This transitional period corresponds to the beginning of the becoming an adult. The developmental challenge of this time involves autonomy and independence issues. Autonomy and independence are acquired progressively and are expressed through young adults’ representations of family functioning and their own functioning. Thus, the family environment, attachment representations, home-leaving experience, and self-determination processes are expressions of becoming adult that are particularly questioned during this major transition. With a holistic-interactionist point of view, the current research aims to investigate young adults’ psychosocial development when they enter at the university considering specificities of the developmental period.Our sample consisted of freshman young adults. Using a longitudinal approach, this research had three waves and to two separate cohorts. The first wave was during the back-to- school period, in September/October (N = 1,142); the second wave in the middle of the freshman year, in February/March (N = 248); and the third wave at the end of the year, in June/July (N = 101). In each wave, participants completed the questionnaire assessing family environment (i.e., parents-child relationship and family relationships), attachment representations, home-leaving, self-determination process (i.e., academic motivation and basic psychological needs), and psychosocial adjustment (i.e., psychological well-being, self- worth, depression, and academic results). Data were analyzed using both person-oriented and variable-oriented approaches and considered the different kinds of variability.Our results highlight the heterogeneity and multiplicity of family environment, attachment, and self-determination profiles, home leaving classes, and developmental patterns in the beginning of the freshman year. Family environment, attachment, and self- determination profiles presented a singular evolution during freshman year. Concerning psychosocial adjustment, our results showed that personal characteristics (i.e., attachment and self-determination processes) have an effect on adjustment across the freshman year unlike environmental contexts (i.e., family environment and home leaving). Psychosocial adjustment evolution during the year appeared to be positive and stable for positive profiles of family environment, attachment, and self-determination whereas it was unstable for negative profiles. Finally, our results replace basic psychological needs as important levers allowing a better adaptation during transitional periods. These different observations give a complementary perspective to literature and provide an opportunity to discuss possible applications in the support of emerging adults in the university context
Savard, Marie-Hélène. "Bouffées de chaleur et cancer de sein: Facteurs de risque et relation avec les perturbations du sommeil." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26867/26867.pdf.
Full textGuedeney, Antoine. "Le comportement de retrait relationnel du jeune enfant : du concept à l'outil de dépistage : résultats et perspectives de recherche." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB203.
Full textThis work deals with social withdrawal behavior in infants, its measure and its conceptual validity, its predictive value on early development within its several dimensions. This is the first synthesis on the history of the concept of withdrawal in infant, of its links with animal models, with the still face experimental paradigm, as well as with the repair process and with interactional dys- syssynchrony as a major process in early psychopathology. Social withdrawal behavior has its roots in physiology, as privileged way used by the infant to regulate the input within the parent infant interaction, within a micro temporal scale. On a longer temporal and more clinical scale, withdrawal behavior appears as a major defense maneuver when the baby is faced with major violations of his her expectations within the relationship. It is therefore observed in a privileged way in maternal post-natal depression, but also in all circumstances which hamper parental capacities, as conjugal violence and conflict may do for instance. Social withdrawal behavior may be as well linked with difficulties in processing sensorial input in the child, or difficulties in social communication and synchrony, or be due to an intense and sustained pain, or be linked with some genetic disorder or with some association of these factors. This work retraces the construction of a scale to asses social withdrawal behavior in infants, since no such tool existed at the time, although social withdrawal behavior appears to be an important alarm signal, showing the inability of the child to play the relational game as his her developmental level allow him or her to do, be it for causes related to himself or herself, for relational causes of because of both. This work opens on a history of the development of child psychiatry and of the coming of ages of infant development. Social withdrawal behavior took a large place at the onset of this history, with the description of autism by Kanner and anaclitic depression by Spitz. Then a history of the concept of social relational withdrawal, and of the construction of the alarm distress scale (8 item) the of the short version (5 item m-ADBB), then the studies on long term effects of social withdrawal on development. We then review the application of the scale on early diagnosis of autism, on the several factor analysis with several samples, and of the several epigenetic and genetic pathways of the social withdrawal behavior. This work reviews the results of several controlled studies with the ADBB, particularly those from the perinatal French EDEN cohort. Social withdrawal behavior appears as the result of a gene interaction, based on the genetic c susceptibility for social withdrawal behavior, possibly liked with the 5-HTPPR allele system. On a cognitive level, the issue is raised of social withdrawal behavior as a choice of a risk taking position in an uncertain situation. Follow up studies show the impact of the social withdrawal behavior on several dimensions of early development, i.e. language, early development of intersubjectivity or emotional regulation