Academic literature on the topic 'Judicial process – France'
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Journal articles on the topic "Judicial process – France"
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Derbisheva, O. A. "JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS UNDER FRENCH LAW." Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7 (73), no. 3 (1) (2022): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1733-2021-7-3(1)-123-135.
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The article analyzes the judicial system of France and its individual elements with an emphasis on the changes that have occurred in the judicial system of the country, namely, the introduction of amendments to the civil procedure code. The basic principles of judicial proceedings are also considered. The theoretical foundations and regulatory framework related to this issue have been studied. France has an extremely complex system of courts of general justice in the field of civil justice, differentiated by subjects of jurisdiction and other grounds and functioning in a certain hierarchy. The judicial system has two levels. The first level includes courts that consider the case for the first time; the second level includes bodies that consider the case on the merits for the second time. The Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court are neither the third level of the judicial system in France, nor the third instance in a case. The guidelines for the reform of the French judicial system contain recommendations aimed at further improving legislation in this area. The definition of justice is one of the most important forms of law enforcement activity in a democratic state. Initially presented as the prerogative of the supreme power, justice has gone through a long period of training and development to become the most effective tool for protecting human rights and freedoms today. In the course of its existence, justice has often been captured by political interference, and has also become hostage to economic and social crises. As a result, at certain points in history, the main activity of the judiciary turned into a justification of the «right of the strong», which inevitably led to unfair and biased proceedings. However, despite the complexity and ambiguity of the historical path chosen by the judiciary, there is a significant trend in it, which is fully manifested in modern democracies. We are talking about the equal distribution of justice to the entire population of citizens, which is associated with the gradual establishment of the principle of equality of all before the law. France is one of the countries where this process is distinguished by a certain uniqueness.
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Herzog-Evans, Martine. "Judicial Rehabilitation in France: Helping with the Desisting Process and Acknowledging Achieved Desistance." European Journal of Probation 3, no. 1 (March 2011): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/206622031100300102.
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Asimow, Michael, Gabriel Bocksang Hola, Marie Cirotteau, Yoav Dotan, and Thomas Perroud. "Between the Agency and the Court: Ex Ante Review of Regulations." American Journal of Comparative Law 68, no. 2 (June 2020): 332–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avaa016.
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Abstract Administrative regulations are an important tool of modern government, but their legitimacy is often questioned since they are adopted by the executive branch rather than the legislature. Judicial review of the legality of regulations is necessary but not sufficient as an accountability mechanism because judicial review is subject to many practical and legal shortcomings, especially including its high cost. Consequently, the vast majority of regulations are never subject to judicial review, which creates an accountability deficit. This deficit can be remedied through ex ante administrative review of the legality of regulations by an executive branch agency that is independent of the adopting agency. This Article evaluates executive branch ex ante legality review schemes in California, Chile, Israel, and France. Although these regulatory review schemes vary greatly, each of them scrutinizes the substantive and procedural legality of regulations (as distinguished from their economic or environmental effect or their political acceptability). This review takes place before the regulations are judicially reviewed and before they become effective. Ex ante administrative review can compensate for the failings of judicial review, promote the rule of law, and enhance the legitimacy of the regulatory process.
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Foljanty, Lena. "Zur Problematik der Übersetzung richterlicher Methoden: Frankreich und Japan im 19. Jahrhundert." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Germanistische Abteilung 133, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/zrgga-2016-0116.
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Abstract On the Problems of Translating Judicial Practice - France and Japan in the 19th century: What does it mean to shape judicial practice in a process of massive legal transfer? The translation of the normative framework and the institutional settings into a foreign legal culture might be difficult; even more difficult is translating methods, instruments and tools of decision-making. The article suggests in a first step how legal historians can reconstruct these unwritten methods of judicial practice. In a second step, it discusses the case of France and Japan in late 19th century. It argues that due to the fact that methods of decision-making are highly dependent to socializations, habitus and experiences, they were not translatable when Japan set out for building up a court system shaped according to the French model. This untranslatability created a gap - a gap that had to be filled by creating an own experience based habitus.
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Melenko, O. "Legitimization of the constitutional judicial process by evidence (the case of Italy and France)." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 6 (February 18, 2023): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.06.10.
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Under the conditions of legitimization of the constitutional process, constitutional subjects seek to improve the method of decision-making and privilege a certain type of argumentation. Although there are many tools to achieve this, the purpose of this contribution is limited to the study of evidence as a tool of legitimation. On the one hand, legal evidence, as it is an irreplaceable means of achieving a certain truth, and on the other hand, it is legitimized, as it involves an evidentiary procedure that guarantees the right of each participant in the legal process to have his case heard by a judge. If the evidentiary regime, whose function is to demonstrate the truth of the facts, is sometimes a pole apart from that which has the function of obtaining community approval, these two functions contribute to the same goal of legitimizing the constitutional process. Evidential legitimation does not correspond to a natural process, but rather consists of a discourse that treats the evidence in certain ways, or rather in different ways, in order to increase the legitimacy of the constitutional judge's decisions. If it falls under the specific field of comparative constitutional jurisprudence, the contribution appeals to the context of the general theory of evidence and, in particular, to the recently conceptualized functions of evidence. It follows from this that in the process of depoliticization or jurisdictionalization of the review of constitutionality, constitutional subjects strive, on the one hand, to improve the way of decision-making, and on the other hand, to privilege a certain type of argumentation. Although there are many tools to achieve this, the purpose of this contribution is limited to the study of evidence as a tool of legitimation. More specifically, the process of legitimization by evidence can be conceived as a process initiated by legal entities in order to gain authority among different audiences. The main function of evidence is to verify the production of facts that are decisive for the resolution of the dispute and to which the law attributes legal consequences. This function of proof consists in determining the truth of statements that describe the occurrence of these defining facts. However, it is important to note that this contribution is not intended to position itself on the content of the truth in the judicial process.
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Zhukevych, Ihor. "Foreign experience of judicial control over the enforcement of decisions in civil judiciary." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 12(24) (December 9, 2021): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2021.12.24.127-132.
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Purpose. The aim of the work is to analyze judicial control over the implementation of decisions in civil proceedings of foreign countries, to identify the mechanism of judicial control over the implementation of decisions in civil proceedings, to determine the most effective measures to implement foreign judicial control in civil proceedings of Ukraine. Method. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of existing scientific and theoretical material of judicial control in foreign countries and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations for its further practical implementation in civil proceedings in Ukraine. The following methods of scientific cognition were used during the research: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, system-structural, logical-normative. Results. In the course of the study it was recognized that judicial control in Ukraine is applied only in the case of appeals against decisions, acts and omissions of executors. Despite its formal consolidation, it will be effective in the case of the introduction of a real mechanism of its application, taking into account the positive experience of foreign countries. Scientific novelty. In the course of the research it was established that updating of theoretical and methodological bases of introduction of judicial control over execution of decisions in civil proceedings of Ukraine should take into account positive foreign experience of its functioning in the following countries: England, USA, Poland, Germany, France. decisions are an integral part of the activities of the judiciary. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in lawmaking and law enforcement activities during the judicial control in the civil process of Ukraine.
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Mbaku, John Mukum. "Judicial Independence, Constitutionalism and Governance in Cameroon." European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance 1, no. 4 (November 14, 2014): 357–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134514-00104001.
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Countries incorporate the principle of the separation of powers, including judicial independence, into their constitutions in an effort to meet several goals, the most important of which is to minimise government-induced tyranny. Specifically, countries that make this principle part of their constitutional practice intend to limit public servants by national laws and institutions, enhance government accountability, minimise opportunistic behaviors by civil servants and politicians, provide for checks and balances, and generally improve government efficiency. Cameroon, part of which was colonised by France, has a constitution that is modeled closely on the French Constitution of 4 October 1958. As a consequence, the country has adopted France’s hybrid system of the separation of powers. Using French constitutional practice as a model, this paper examines constitutional developments in Cameroon to determine why the country’s governing process, which is based on the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, has failed to guarantee constitutional justice.
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Borshcheniuk, Vera, Nina Semeryanova, Uliana Filatova, and Valeriy Zhabskiy. "The concept of “justice” in the legislation of Russia and France, implementation features." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913504006.
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The relevance of the study is determined by the prevailing variety of approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of “justice”, which is characteristic of both Russia and France. Such variability leads to a persistent distortion of this concept in practice of law enforcement, which, in turn, affects the effectiveness of administration of justice. The aim of the authors is to study scientific theoretical views and practical issues associated with the implementation of the principle of justice in two states. In the work we used following methods: dialectics, analysis, synthesis, deduction, as well as the formal legal and comparative legal method.Based on the analysis of the doctrine, legislation and judicial practice of two states, Russia and France, the following conclusions are drawn. At present, “justice” is understood as a universal notion, which is not limited only by coverage of regulatory norms of the law, but is actively applied by judicial practice. The use of this concept allows the court to make fair decisions depending on specific circumstances of the case, thereby achieving a balance of interests of participants in the process by interpreting and clarifying the law, and in some cases by creating a new rule of law that allows the courts to ensure the effective implementation of the principle of justice. However, in order to avoid variability in understanding this notion, it is proposed to fix the concept of “justice” in the civil procedure code, this will reduce the percentage of judicial conflicts and will contribute to formation of a uniform judicial practice.
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Leclerc, Jean-François. "Justice et infra-justice en Nouvelle-France. Les voies de fait à Montréal entre 1700 et 1760." Criminologie 18, no. 1 (August 17, 2005): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017205ar.
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It has become obvious in the past several years that the judicial statistics have certain limitations as far as reconstructing the evolution of crime under the Ancien Régime is concerned. The administrative inadequacies of the institutional justice of that era, its insufficient means of intervention, invite caution, but the existence of infra-judicial mechanisms for dealing with crime lead to the conclusion that only a fraction of the crimes ever came before the courts. Our research on trials for assault and battery heard in the jurisdiction of Montreal between 1700 and 1760 revealed several cases establishing the existence in New France, and confirming the observations of Alfred Somanfor France, of practices according to which the institution of proceedings by certain victims was often in order to start a process of negotiation with the aggressor or force him to come to an agreement out of court, which usually put an end to the procedures. Since there is rarely any explicit mention of agreements reached, even in the notarial archives, we arrived at the possibility that the dropping of legal proceedings indicated an infra-judicial settlement of the case. This led us to analyse the decrease in the number of trials for assault and battery in Montreal after 1730. It was not because of the usual explanation, that it was a sign of a “decrease in crime”, but rather due to a strengthening of the infra-judicial system, particularly in the rural areas, where there was less recourse to the authority of the royal court to settle minor infractions.
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Vranes, Erich. "Constitutional Foundations of, and Limitations to, EU Integration in France." European Public Law 19, Issue 3 (June 1, 2013): 525–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2013033.
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The constitutional bases of EU integration in France as well as the limitations for the integration process derived from these provisions have been subject to considerable interpretative developments in the case law of the supreme decision-making bodies exercising judicial functions in France in recent years. This article gives an overview of the relevant constitutional provisions that open up the French legal order towards EU law and examines these crucial developments in French jurisprudence. The article does so in adopting a systematic approach that differentiates between, first, the constitutional foundations of EU integration, second, the constitutional limitations to the further transfer of competences to the EU through amendments of primary law, and, third, the constitutional confines to the legal effects of secondary law.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Judicial process – France"
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Hernández, Vélez Juan Manuel. "La procédure, matrice des libertés anciennes : aux origines du droit au procès (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA020002.
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L’étude retrace les fondements dogmatiques du droit au procès en France sous l’Ancien Régime. Pour ce faire, elle propose l’appellation plus abstraite de « droit subjectif aux formes juridiques » et analyse les différents discours qui durant l’époque moderne tendent à rapprocher les formes, formalités et procédures à la garantie de la liberté, jusqu’à faire de celles-ci le rempart par excellence contre l’arbitraire.La procédure constitue la matrice des « libertés anciennes » : elle a été forgée théoriquement par la doctrine, traduite institutionnellement par la magistrature, réalisée légalement par les ordonnances, et mise en application – bien que très difficilement – par les gens de robe. L’analyse des discours sur la procédure permet par ailleurs de repérer que l’affermissement du pouvoir étatique entraîne progressivement la subjectivation des énonces juridiques qui contiennent les normes procédurales. Ainsi, la conception spécifique des libertés anciennes entre en résonance avec sa traduction la plus contemporaineThis research traces the dogmatical foundations of due process of law in Ancient Regime’s France. To do so, we propose the more abstract concept of “subjective right to legal forms”. This study analyses the different speeches that in the modern age connect forms, formalities, and procedures to the protection of rights and liberties, making those forms the more adequate defence against arbitrary measures.Procedure constitutes then the source of the “ancient liberties”: it was theoretically shaped by the doctrinal works, translated into an institutional speech by the ancient magistracy, legally accomplished by the royal ordinances, and enforced, although with difficulties, by the judiciary. The examination of the speeches about procedure allows us to notice that the consolidation of the state’s power leads to the subjectivation of the legal statements containing procedural norms. Thus, the specific conception of the ancient liberties resonates with the contemporary version of them
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Jobert, Sylvain. "La connaissance des actes du procès civil par les parties." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020070.
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En procédure civile, la connaissance des actes du procès par les parties est essentielle ; des garanties importantes y sont attachées, à commencer par le respect du principe du contradictoire. Une difficulté se pose, toutefois : il est malaisé de déterminer si une partie a eu connaissance de l’acte qui lui a été communiqué. Toute la question est alors de savoir comment le droit s’accommode de cette difficulté. À cette fin, deux modèles contraires peuvent être dégagés. Dans le premier, formaliste, il est fait le choix de favoriser la connaissance des actes du procès par les parties en amont, pour pouvoir se désintéresser de leur connaissance effective en aval, tous les moyens ayant été mis en oeuvre pour y parvenir. Dans le second, réaliste, on se désintéresse de la façon dont les actes du procès sont portés à la connaissance des parties, mais, par la suite, on prête beaucoup d’intérêt à la connaissance que les parties en ont réellement eue. L’étude révèle que le droit du procès civil reposait initialement sur un modèle à dominante formaliste, mais que ce modèle a évolué, particulièrement au cours des dix dernières années. Sous l’influence des soucis contemporains de rationalisation des coûts de la justice et de protection accrue des droits fondamentaux des parties, le formalisme du droit du procès civil s’est tempéré. Faudrait-il qu’il le soit davantage ? Ce travail ne plaide ni pour la subversion du modèle classique, ni pour son rétablissement. Plutôt, c’est une évolution nuancée du droit qui est suggérée, proposant d’exalter le formalisme lorsque la sécurité juridique l’exige, sans renoncer à tirer profit de règles l’atténuant quand cela s’imposeIn civil law procedures, the parties’ knowledge of the acts of the trial is essential; it guarantees that certain principles, such as the adversarial principle, will be respected. However, a difficulty arises: it is hard to determine whether a party has in fact become aware of the act which was communicated to him. The question is to determine whether the law can accept such a difficulty. To this end, two divergent models can be provided. In the formalistic one, the choice is made to favor the knowledge of the acts of the trial beforehand, in order to be able to become disinterested in their actual knowledge afterwards, all the means having been implemented to carry this out. In the realistic one, the way in which the acts of the trial are brought to the parties' attention is neglected, but thereafter, there is a resurgent focus on the knowledge the parties have genuinely had. The study reveals that the law of civil trial was initially based on a predominantly formalistic model, but this model has evolved, especially during the last decade. Under the influence of contemporary concerns in order to rationalize justice costs and increase the protection of the parties' fundamental rights, the formalism of civil lawsuit has been tempered. Should it be even more moderate? This work neither pleads for the subversion of the classical model nor for its reinstatement. Instead, it is a nuanced evolution of the law which is suggested. It suggests to promote formalism when legal certainty requires it, without sacrificing the benefit of lightening the rules when it is necessary
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Cheng, Rui. "L'association des avocats de la République populaire de Chine : une approche comparative au regard du droit français." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30034/document.
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En Chine, une communauté de juristes est en train d'éclore. Celle-ci commence à exercer une influence sur la « conscience juridique » de la société. Or, à la différence de leurs confrères français, les avocats chinois ne possèdent pas encore suffisamment le sentiment d'appartenance à leur corps. Leurs associations ne sont pas autonomes. Si la profession s'est beaucoup inspirée des expériences des pays « déontologiquement plus développés », des principes fondamentaux de la profession ne sont pas enracinés dans l'esprit collectif des avocats. En tant que profession libérale, la profession d'avocat éprouve un besoin inhérent de l'autonomie. Sans cette autonomie, elle ne pourra pas faire entendre sa voix par le public, ni protéger ses membres. De même, les activités des avocats ne pourront être surveillées de manière équitable par une institution ordinale muselée par les pouvoirs publics. L'autonomie de l'association des avocats, que ce soit en Chine ou en France, s'avère être une garantie pour la justice et le justiciable. Cette autonomie ne constitue pas une fin en soi. Elle n'est que le meilleur moyen d'assurer l'indépendance de l'avocat. L'essentiel de l'autonomie de la profession s'explique par sa mise en œuvre dans l'exercice professionnel des avocats. « À l'ongle on connaît le lion ». Cette étude comparative semble pouvoir révéler, au moins en une certaine mesure, le véritable paysage du fonctionnement de la justice, et aider à mieux comprendre la distance qui sépare la République populaire de Chine d'un « État de droit » au sens moderneIn China, a lawyers' community is being formed. It begins to influence the "legal conscience" of the society. However, unlike their French colleagues, Chinese lawyers do not have yet enough sense of belonging to a common professional group. Their associations are not autonomous. Although the profession is much inspired by the experiences of "ethically more developed" countries, the fundamental principles of the profession are not yet rooted in Chinese lawyers’ collective concept. As a liberal profession, lawyers are experiencing an inherent need for autonomy. Otherwise, they cannot make their voice heard by the public, nor protect their professional rights. Similarly, lawyers' activities cannot be fairly supervised by a professional institution dependent on the public power. The autonomy of lawyers' association, whether in China or in France, should be considered as a guarantee for justice and all persons subject to trial. The autonomy is not an end in itself. It is the best way to ensure the independence of the lawyer. The essence of lawyers' autonomy is explained by its implementation in lawyers’ professional activities. From his foot Hercules. This comparative study aims to reveal, at least to some extent, the real landscape of Chinese justice, and to explore the distance between the People's Republic of China and a "rule of law" in its modern sense
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Altar, Sylvie. "Etre juif à Lyon de l'avant-guerre à la libération." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2095.
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Le cadre global des persécutions juives en France, les mécanismes de la Shoah sont largement connus. Sur 330 000 Juifs qui vivaient France en 1940, 80 000 ont été victimes des persécutions d’État et des déportations. En deçà de cette histoire nationale, André Kaspi s’étonne en 1991 que des centres aussi importants que Lyon, Toulouse, Grenoble n’aient pas fait l’objet d’étude attentive et scientifique (Les Juifs pendant l’Occupation, Édition du Seuil, 1991, 150 p.). Les travaux locaux ont comblé ce manque depuis. Mais le déroulement sur le terrain au quotidien, au « ras des individus », mérite encore de faire l’objet de nouvelles investigations, sans perdre de vue la diversité des situations que l’on soit de part et d’autre de la ligne de démarcation. Lyon, en zone libre jusqu’en novembre 1942, n’est pas à considérer comme Paris occupée dès juin 1940. Dans cette étude nous n’avons eu de cesse de nous interroger sur ce qui fait les spécificités de Lyon. Globalement le sort des Juifs dans la capitale des Gaules a été proche de leurs coreligionnaires de la zone sud. Toutefois, écrire l’histoire des Juifs à Lyon de l’avant-guerre à la Libération, revient à s’intéresser à des itinéraires de vie et de survie dans une ville dont certaines caractéristiques lui sont propres. L’histoire des Juifs à Lyon de l’avant-guerre à la Libération, en plus de parler de la Shoah dans la cité rhodanienne, cherche à raconter les ondes de choc d’une Europe en guerre sur les individus pour comprendre ce qui leur arrive. C’est en étant plus attentifs au tissu de la vie quotidienne, dans sa diversité individuelle que nous nous proposons dans cette étude de restituer la dimension humaine d’un monde qui a été au bord du gouffreThe global framework of the Jew's persecutions in France as well as the mechanisms of the Shoah are widely known. 80 000 Jews out of the 330 000 who were living in France in 1940 have been the victims of state persecutions and deportations. On this side of this national history, Andre Kaspi was surprised in 1991 at seeing that cities as populated as Lyon, Toulouse or Grenoble had not been given an active and scientific consideration (Les Juifs pendant l'Occupation, Édition du seuil, 1991, 150 p.). Local research have since then enabled to address this lack. However, the daily course of operations, as close as possible to each individual, still deserves to be submitted to new investigations, without losing sight of the diversity of situations on both sides of the line of demarcation. The city of Lyon, which was within the unoccupied zone until November 1942, is not to be compared with the city of Paris which had been occupied from June 1940.In this essay, we kept wondering about the causes related to the specificities of the city of Lyon. On the whole, the fate of the Jews in the capital of the Gauls was almost the same as for their co-religionists in the south zone. Nevertheless, writing about the history of the Jews in Lyon from the pre-war years to the Liberation comes down to taking an interest in different journeys though life and survival within a city which has its own features.Besides tackling the Shoah in the Rhone city of Lyon, the history of the Jews in Lyon from the pre-war years to the Liberation, also aims at telling about the shock waves experienced by individuals in a Europe in war and perceiving what was happening to them. By paying more attention to the fabric of daily life seen in its individual diversity, we thereby intend to reconstruct the human dimension of a world which was once on the brink of the abyss
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DEPARDON, Anne. "Droits de l'homme et détention provisoire dans les systèmes francais et anglais." Doctoral thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5566.
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Šrédlová, Petra. "Vývoj fáze obsese syndromu Vichy: Klaus Barbie v článcích deníku Le Monde 1988-2017." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398486.
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Petra Šrédlová Diploma thesis Abstract Abstract The trial of Klaus Barbie was an important turning point in the French memory of the Vichy regime. For a purpose of Barbie's conviction, the interpretation of the crime against humanity was changed in the French legal system. Barbie's victims were, for the first time, given the opportunity to publicly testify. Furthermore, the trial provided an opportunity for development of the Jewish memory and the memory of the resistance. The trial of Klaus Barbie provided the basic legal and procedural framework later on used by the courts in trials with Vichy's criminals. Moreover, the personality of Klaus Barbie remained sealed in a negative sense in French memory, when he was often remembered on the occasion of various events. The aim of this diploma thesis is to prove that, on the basis of qualitative content analysis of articles by Le Monde containing the term "Klaus Barbie" in the period from July 3, 1988 to July 4, 2017, further development of the phase of Obsession of the Vichy syndrome can be traced, along with its thematic categories and intensity. This diploma thesis also argues that the memory development did not proceed consistently, but kept on returning in the form of various events in order to recall not only Klaus Barbie and his trial, but also other...
Books on the topic "Judicial process – France"
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d', Onorio Joël-Benoît, ed. La conscience et le droit: Actes du XVIIIe colloque national de la Conféderation des juristes catholiques de France. Paris: Pierre Téqui, 2002.
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Judicial deliberations: A comparative analysis of judicial transparency and legitimacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
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Mitchel de S. -O. -L'E Lasser. Judicial deliberations: A comparative analysis of judicial transparency and legitimacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
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Sweet, Alec Stone. The birth of judicial politics in France: The Constitutional Council in comparative perspective. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
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France. Cour de cassation. Service de documentation et d'études. Les revirements de jurisprudence: Rapport remis à monsieur le premier président Guy Canivet, mardi 30 novembre 2004. Paris: Lexis nexis, 2005.
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The judicial process: An introductory analysis of the courts of the United States, England, and France. 5th ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
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The judicial process: An introductory analysis of the courts of the United States, England, and France. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
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Abraham, Henry Julian. The judicial process: An introductory analysis of the courts of the United States, England, and France. 7th ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
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Perelman, Chaim. Logique juridique: Nouvelle rhétorique. 2nd ed. Paris: Dalloz, 1990.
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Malhière, Fanny. La brièveté des décisions de justice: (Conseil constitutionnel, Conseil d'État, Cour de cassation) : contribution à l'étude des représentations de la justice. Paris: Dalloz, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Judicial process – France"
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Auby, Jean-Bernard. "France, Italy, and Spain." In Tort Liability of Public Authorities in European Laws, 299–301. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198867555.003.0015.
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This chapter compares the respective answers that are provided by the French, Italian, and Spanish systems of administrative liability at two levels. The first one concerns the foundations of present public liability law in the three countries. It considers both constitutional and legislative provisions concerning substance and the rules governing process; that is, administrative appeals and judicial review. The second level is that of the answers given to a range of basic options, including whether liability is imposed on the basis of illegality, with or without wrongdoing, and which type of compensation can be obtained by claimants.
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Hodgson, Jacqueline S. "The Role and Status of the Prosecutor." In The Metamorphosis of Criminal Justice, 115–41. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199981427.003.0004.
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By situating the crown prosecutor and the French procureur within the broader legal cultural traditions in which they operate, this chapter compares the nature of the prosecutor’s role and functions in the two jurisdictions, their relationship with the investigation, and the different ways in which prosecutors’ independence and accountability are structured and understood. Prosecutors play a pivotal role at the heart of the criminal justice process, preparing and prosecuting criminal matters, managing the flux of cases, and, increasingly, disposing of cases through alternatives to prosecution. The different status of prosecutors in France and England and Wales and their relationship to judicial and political authority are important factors in how we understand and evaluate the functions of the prosecutor, the rights and responsibilities of other legal actors, and the legitimacy of the expanding prosecution role.
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Quint, Peter E. "The Influence of the United States Supreme Court on Judicial Review in Europe." In The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law, 841–88. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198726418.003.0016.
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This chapter outlines the influence of the United States Supreme Court, and its institution of ‘judicial review’, on certain constitutional systems of Europe. It first introduces the United States Supreme Court and the institution of ‘decentralized’ judicial review, and then discusses the fate of American judicial review in the early nineteenth century. The chapter proceeds to an examination of the influence of the American Constitution and the American Supreme Court in the early nineteenth century in Europe, before recounting how the great philosopher and political thinker, Hans Kelsen, advanced another form of judicial review—‘centralized’ judicial review. Next, an analysis of the influence of the United States Supreme Court on certain constitutional tribunals created in Europe in the post-Second World War period is made, alongside a discussion of the separate path taken by judicial review in France under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (1958) and the influences on constitutional tribunals created in Eastern Europe after the fall of the Soviet Union. Finally, this chapter offers some reflections on the influence of the Supreme Court’s case law on decisions of European courts of the contemporary period.
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Sándor, Lénárd. "Fundamental Rights Adjudication in the Central European Region." In Comparative Constitutionalism in Central Europe : Analysis on Certain Central and Eastern European Countries, 385–400. Central European Academic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2022.lcslt.ccice_20.
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The protection and adjudication of fundamental rights have been playing an increasingly important role in the legal systems of Western countries since the end of World War II. However, the early origins of fundamental rights go back well over two millennia. The theories of fundamental rights first appeared in the legal system of the ancient empires. The Code of Hammurabi in the ancient Babylon articulated the first requirement for fair trial as it provided that unfair judges be fined and removed from their positions. The Torah first revealed by Moses (c.1304–1237 bce) also contained provisions on the prohibition of false witnesses. The first human rights document has been claimed to be the Charter of Cyrus from 539 bce because the word ‘rights’ specifically appears therein. However, the modern concept of human rights that the state is for the people and not the other way around began to take root at the end of the eighteenth century. After their first appearances, the historical development of fundamental rights has taken place either through an organic and gradual process or as a result of independence or revolutionary movements. Different phases of this development can be distinguished, which involved the rights of the noble, limitation of the power of absolute monarchies, and individual and collective rights. The development in England is an example of the former where the power of monarchs were bound by law and rights as early as the adoption of the Magna Charta Libertatum in 1215. The subsequently created Petition of Right (1628), Habeas Corpus Act (1679) and Bill of Rights (1689) are gradual fulfillment of the historic path of rights. In the CEE region, Hungary underwent similar organic development with the adoption of the ‘Aranybulla’ in 1222, which set constitutional limits on the power of the monarch and granted rights to the Hungarian nobility. In contrast to this type of gradual expansion, in other countries, the recognition and codification of fundamental rights were the result of cataclysmic events such as an independence movement or revolutionary war, e.g. in France or in the United States. It must also be mentioned that while national constitutions served as the cradle of the modern conception of fundamental rights, they began to enjoy the protection of international law with the adoption of the UN Charter (1945) along with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). This so-called ‘normative revolution’ marked a major turning point in the development of both human rights law and international public law. However, the universality of human rights, instead of standardising rights, would allow – and also require from – states to implement these rights according to the national, historical, cultural and religious traditions of their respective communities. Consequently, the primary places of nurturing and protecting fundamental rights remain within the states and local communities. Accordingly, not only individual rights in the abstract but also the institutions and control mechanisms that serve to protect them are embedded and shaped by the various histories, traditions and legal cultures of the states. In numerous countries – such as the United States of America, Australia, Japan or the Scandinavian countries in Europe – ordinary courts are empowered to conduct a ‘judicial review’ to protect rights enshrined in the constitution. This type of ‘judicial review’ was first applied by the Supreme Court of the United States of America in the famous case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803 as part of the system of checks and balances, whereby the judicial branch serves as a check on the legislative as well as on the executive. In other countries – such as those in continental Europe – a separate and centralised institution – the Constitutional Court – is responsible for conducting fundamental rights adjudication. This chapter aims to provide a comparative analysis on the historical path, major institutions and mechanisms of fundamental rights adjudication in countries of the CEE region. To this end, it first outlines the concept, function, characteristics as well as the institutions of fundamental rights adjudication along with the aspects of limitation of fundamental rights (Section II). Then, it turns to the countries of the Central European region. This chapter aspires to provide a comparative overview about the unique characteristics of the systems of each country’s fundamental rights’ adjudication and concludes with a short assessment (Section III).
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Hodgson, Jacqueline S. "The Demise of Procedural Fairness." In The Metamorphosis of Criminal Justice, 54–79. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199981427.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Charting trends in legislation, case law, and commissions of enquiry, this chapter considers the ways in which values of procedural fairness were strengthened in the criminal justice traditions of England and Wales and of France during the late twentieth century, and how these have subsequently been eclipsed by broader concerns with managerialism, efficiency, and crime control, as both countries move inexorably toward what might be described as an administrative system of criminal justice. Manifested through a variety of mechanisms for the avoidance of trial, the avoidance even of a full investigation, and the rapid disposal of cases, the roles of criminal justice actors are changing. Power and responsibility are shifting away from the judiciary toward the prosecution, the defense is co-opted into the managerialist objectives of the criminal process, and a version of efficiency is elevated as the overriding objective, while the values of procedural fairness disappear from view.
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Butler, Todd. "Equivocation, Donne, and the Political Interior." In Literature and Political Intellection in Early Stuart England, 19–44. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844068.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
As a tactic that sought to enable individuals to answer judicial interrogatories while simultaneously disguising the full substance and meaning of their answers, the Catholic doctrine of equivocation responded to the precarious position of Catholics in the late Elizabethan and early Jacobean eras. In providing a highly contested model for the shielding of one’s thoughts, equivocation also demonstrates the centrality of human cognition to the religious and political conflicts of the seventeenth century. Writers such as John Donne (Ignatius His Conclave) and Francis Bacon (Essays) evidence a similarly deep concern with the mind and its deliberative processes as marking boundaries for political citizenship and royal power. Viewed in these terms, mental reservation and equivocation become less a matter of theology than one of statecraft.