Relevant bibliographies by topics / Jordan's international trade regime

Academic literature on the topic 'Jordan's international trade regime'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Jordan's international trade regime"

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Wilson, Rodney J. A. "Jordan's Trade: Past Performance and Future Prospects." International Journal of Middle East Studies 20, no. 3 (August 1988): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800053654.

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Many Middle Eastern governments are seeking to liberalize their trade policies. There is a desire to abandon policies based on import substitution through protectionism, and instead concentrate on export promotion. Advisors from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) urge governments to be less interventionist, and to create an environment where the provate sector can have freer rein. It is hoped that private entrepreneurs can revitalize the economies, and play a major role in emport promotion. Egypt, for example, has had an open door policy since 1974 following the years of government intervention and control under Nasser. Syria has also liberalized its import regime, and would like to encourage private sector exports, and Ba'thist socialist ideology has been less emphasized in recent years.
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Williams, Andrew. "Negotiating an international trade regime." Paradigms 2, no. 1 (June 1988): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600828808442957.

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Bonn, Thomas. "On the political sideline? The institutional isolation of donor organizations in Jordanian hydropolitics." Water Policy 15, no. 5 (June 6, 2013): 728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2013.007.

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Fresh water availability is very low in Jordan. Current water usage is unsustainable and structures of water resource governance are inadequate. Drawing on expert interviews and the analysis of media texts, this study shows that patterns and privileges of water consumption sustain specific political and social orders, aggravating Jordan's suboptimal water resource deployment. Many of these long-established modes of water distribution are not commensurate with new resource governance structures fostered by international development cooperation. This puts pressure on Jordan's political elite: the flow of foreign aid stabilizes the regime as does the preservation of existing privileges. It is argued here that maintaining two opposed but coexisting ‘resource realities’, i.e. governance structures and usage patterns of water resources, allows the regime to escape this dilemma. Donor organizations are thus bound to operate in an institutionally isolated sphere in Jordan with only a marginal ability to penetrate the relevant actor groups to trigger profound effects on either resource reality.
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Kapstein, Ethan B. "Distributive Justice and International Trade." Ethics & International Affairs 13 (March 1999): 175–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.1999.tb00334.x.

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Public officials frequently assert that nations shape their own economic destiny. This statement implies that the international economy presents a level playing field for all participants. If the rules of globalization were somehow written in favor of certain countries, however, that would not be true, and the legitimacy of the economic system would be cast in doubt. This essay examines the structure of the international trade regime. Following John Rawls, it asserts that “justice is the first virtue of social institutions.” This leads to the question: Is the trade regime just?The essay seeks to answer that question through both a theoretical and empirical exploration of the trading system. Building on the Rawlsian “original position,” it sketches the fundamental principles that would underlie such a regime. It then traces the history of North-South trade relations as a case study.The essay concludes by suggesting that concerns with the trade regime's normative framework have played an important role in shaping its basic principles. But that does not mean that the regime is just. Greater transfers from North to South would be one of the major requirements of justice that currently are not being met
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Mansfield, Edward D., Helen V. Milner, and B. Peter Rosendorff. "Free to Trade: Democracies, Autocracies, and International Trade." American Political Science Review 94, no. 2 (June 2000): 305–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2586014.

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Relatively little research has focused on whether countries' political institutions affect their international trade relations. We address this issue by analyzing the relationship between regime type and trade policy. In a formal model of commercial policy, we establish that the ratification responsibility of the legislature in democratic states leads pairs of democracies to set trade barriers at a lower level than mixed country-pairs (composed of an autocracy and a democracy). We test this hypothesis by analyzing the effects of regime type on trade during the period from 1960 to 1990. The results of this analysis accord with our argument: Democratic pairs have had much more open trade relations than mixed pairs.
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JOHNSTON, ADRIAN M., and MICHAEL J. TREBILCOCK. "Fragmentation in international trade law: insights from the global investment regime." World Trade Review 12, no. 4 (June 12, 2013): 621–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745613000128.

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AbstractWith World Trade Organization negotiations stagnant, and preferential trade agreements (PTAs) rapidly proliferating, international trade relations are shifting markedly toward bilateralism. The resulting fragmentation in the international trade regime poses serious risks to economic welfare and the coherence of international trade law. Similar challenges have been faced in the international investment regime, which is comprised of a highly fragmented network of bilateral investment treaties (BITs). However, scholars have identified several mechanisms that promote harmonization in the international investment regime. Among these are cross-treaty interpretation in dispute settlement and the inclusion of most-favoured nation (MFN) clauses in BITs. This paper assesses the scope for these two mechanisms to emerge in the international trade regime by comparing the legal framework, institutional dynamics, and political economy of the trade and investment regimes. The analysis suggests that cross-treaty interpretation is likely to emerge in the trade regime as PTA dispute settlement activity increases and that greater use of MFN clauses in PTAs is a viable possibility. These developments would mitigate the effects of fragmentation and advance harmonization in the international trade regime.
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Moerenhout, Tom S. H. "Energy Pricing Policies and the International Trade Regime." Journal of International Economic Law 23, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgz026.

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ABSTRACT Energy subsidy and pricing reform is widely heralded as a necessity to transition to sustainable development and keep global warming below 2°C. Energy pricing policies and subsidies are also at the heart of the energy–trade–climate nexus, but progress has been slow within the international trade regime. This is unlike other international organizations or networks, where progress has been more substantial. This article investigates the lack of legitimacy to regulate or coordinate pricing reform and links it to fundamentally divergent interests between fuel producers and importers. The article discusses the regulatory and coordinative potential of the World Trade Organization and preferential trade agreements. It finds that at the World Trade Organization, the Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, the Anti-Dumping Agreement, case law, Ricardian theory, and negotiation history all preempt the consideration of most pricing policies as subsidies. As a result, subsidy notification within the World Trade Organization is low and while other options for improving transparency via the Committee on Trade and Environment and Trade Policy Review Mechanism have been suggested, not much has actually happened because producers protect their comparative advantage. Therefore, support for fuel pricing reform remains on a general level via Ministerial Statements or through general provisions in preferential trade agreements that reconfirm the G-20 and Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation commitments to fuel subsidy reform. The only real advancement has been made within bilateral trade negotiations where heavyweights such as the European Union can push trading partners to abandon dual pricing policies.
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Zacher, Mark W. "Trade gaps, analytical gaps: regime analysis and international commodity trade regulation." International Organization 41, no. 2 (1987): 173–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300027430.

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Studies of international regimes have sought to describe international collaborative arrangements in more systematic terms than in the past, and to analyze their development in terms of major schools of international relations theory. This article refines the commonly used definition of regimes and elucidates the major hypotheses of one theoretical school, structural realism. The strength and nature of the international commodity trade regime are systematically described, and their development is analyzed in terms of the major hypotheses of structural realism. In large part, these hypotheses are supported by the analysis of what is a relatively weak international regime.
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Malkawi, Bashar H. "U.S. Trade Relations with Arab Countries: Past, Present, and Future." Global Jurist 9, no. 2 (January 16, 2009): 1–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1934-2640.1298.

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Arab countries have adopted market economy principles and pursued policies designed to strengthen their economies. The cornerstone of Arab countries' long-term economic objectives has been to increase trade and support economic growth via regional and global integration. To this end, Arab countries are attempting to broaden their engagement in the multilateral trading system by joining the World Trade Organization (WTO). In addition, some Arab countries entered into trade arrangements with the United States (U.S.) to foster economic development, attract investment, and develop peaceful relationship. These trade agreements carry several implications for local economies.The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of the trade agreements signed between the U.S. and Arab countries on the economic and legal regimes of the latter. The paper will proceed in two main parts. The first part analyzes the preferential trade arrangement known as "Qualifying Industrial Zones" created between the U.S on the one hand and Jordan, Israel, and Egypt on the other hand. It discusses the general rules of qualifying industrial zones program and the impact of these zones on local production and employment. The second part discusses trade agreements concluded between the U.S. and Arab countries. The emphasis will be on the U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement as it is considered the template for future agreements signed between the U.S. and other Arab countries. The paper analyzes the most important provisions of the U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement and their implications. Then, the paper will analyze trade agreements between the U.S. and other Arab countries. The paper argues that, while current trade programs between the U.S. and those Arab countries analyzed in the paper required difficult reforms in their domestic laws and led some negative consequence, on balance; these trade programs increased trade and created employment opportunities.
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Garcia, Frank J., Lindita Ciko, Apurv Gaurav, and Kirrin Hough. "Reforming the International Investment Regime: Lessons from International Trade Law." Journal of International Economic Law 18, no. 4 (December 2015): 861–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgv042.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jordan's international trade regime"

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Muhtaseb, Buthaina Mohamed Ali. "International competitiveness of Jordan's manufacturing industry." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21582.

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The International competitiveness of Jordan's manufacturing sector has recently been of considerable concern to officials in Jordan. This study examines Jordan's capacity to compete successfully in foreign markets and with imports in Jordan's market, and the impact of the recent policies on the price and short-run aspects of competitiveness for a period from the mid-1970s to the early 1990s. Unlike previous studies, assessment and analysis of Jordan's relative competitive position are built on indicators constructed exclusively for the manufacturing sector covering import, export, and overall dimensions of competitiveness. The OECD model has been employed using export, import and producer prices, and trade double weights for manufactures. The results show that Jordan's competitiveness deteriorated until the mid-1980s. Subsequently, competitiveness improved with the most pronounced gains being achieved at the end of the 1980s and in the early 1990s, particularly in import and overall competitiveness. The maintenance of a strong Jordanian dinar associated with other unfavourable internal and external developments in Jordan's and competitors' prices before the mid-1980s, and the favourable developments in these prices including the devaluation of the Jordanian dinar at the end of the 1980s, may explain the initial deterioration in competitiveness and the subsequent improvement. Between the mid-1970s and the late-1980s the gains achieved in import competitiveness process were reflected in most years in declines in the import penetration ratio; and in the case of the export competitiveness process were translated into higher market shares. The Constant-Market-Share approach shows that one-third of the expansion in Jordan's manufactured exports was attributable to improved competitiveness. The Commodity effect, particularly for chemicals, was favourable to this expansion, while the concentration of exports on the sluggish import demand of the Middle Eastern countries resulted in a slight unfavourable market effect.
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Fonseca, Raymond Steenkamp. "The South in the GATT and WTO regime : cooperation in international trade." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3769.

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Young, Margaret Anne. "Trade related aspects of fisheries : fragmentation and regime interaction in international law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612483.

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Özsahin, Ersin. "The international constraints on regime changes how globalization hinders the prospects for democratization /." Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92254-6.

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Liu, Chi-Wei. "Hog island agricultural protectionism, food dependency, and impact of the international food regime in Taiwan /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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Nischalke, Tobias Ingo. "Theories of international cooperation and the GATT/WTO regime: beyond the dichotomy of rational and cognitive approaches." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003027.

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This thesis aspires to assess the explanatory value of different theories of international cooperation for the case of the world trade regime of GATT/WTO and subsequently strives to reach a satisfactory interpretation of the instance of cooperation. The world trade regime embarked on a process of transformation with the signing of the Marrakech Agreements of 15th April 1994. The event marked the conclusion of the Uruguay Round and, with the establishment of the WTO, the beginning of a new era for the world trade regime. The thesis endeavours to establish the substance of the regime change from GATT to the WTO. It outlines the most significant provisions of the agreement of the Uruguay Round and, subsequently, analyses the change on the level of regime norms underlying the world trade regime. The analysis of regime norms yields insights about the essence of the regime transformation and as to what factors proved to be conducive to cooperation in the sphere of the world trade. The GATT/WTO regime with its extended scope and more sophisticated institutional structures can be regarded as a prime example of successful cooperation. However, the prospects for cooperation between states in an anarchic environment without central authority for enforcement are the subject of a remarkably intense scholarly debate. Therefore it is worthwhile to examine which theoretical framework proves to be most adept at elucidating the circumstances of this instance of cooperation. This thesis applies different theories of international cooperation to the case of the GATT/WTO regime. While a large array of rational theories attempts to explain cooperation from a perspective which focuses on interests and capabilities, a different strand of theories, that of cognitive approaches, emphasizes the paramountcy of ideas and beliefs as variables which explain cooperation. They endogenize the process of interest formation. This thesis seeks to synthesise the strong points of rational and cognitive approaches and thus to reconcile the divergent schools of thought. Its further purpose is to set out factors which are conducive to cooperation.
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Hong, Tzay-Pyng. "International patent regime for pharmaceuticals from the Paris Convention to the TRIPS Agreement." Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4446.

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Intellectual property protection (IPP) attained its importance in recent years because of the steady increase of intellectual property-endowed goods and technology in global trade. Technology producers, among them multilateral pharmaceutical companies (MPCs) felt that the Paris Convention (the Convention) was not adequate in dealing with trade related issues, and that an agreement was needed to integrate the subject of IPP; especially patent protection for pharmaceuticals, into the broader context of global trade law. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the TRIPS Agreement) concluded in the Uruguay Round in 1994 brought IPP into the global trading system. The patent system contained in the Agreement reflects to a large extent MPCs' proposal for a strengthened patent system which paves the way to ensure market access and equal competition opportunity in their endeavour to expand global operation. The objective of the global trading system is to liberalise trade, achieved by securing commitments of market access and equal competition opportunity through the application of the principles of most-favoured-nation treatment, national treatment and reciprocity, reinforced by domestic competition policy to ensure efficient functioning of markets.However, in regard to patent protection for pharmaceuticals, the exercise of the exclusive marketing rights conferred by patent protection has trade restricting effect because competition is excluded during the patent term. This trade restricting effect does not compliment the objective of the global trading system nor promote competition. But the TRIPS Agreement does not cover a negotiated result on securing the recognition in domestic competition policy of the exclusive marketing rights conferred by patent protection, especially when domestic competition policy is designed to compliment microeconomic policy such as health care cost control. The implementation of international exhaustion to allow parallel importation of patented products during the term of patent is an example in point. It is an issue the TRIPS Agreement does not address and is excluded from the World Trade Organisation (WTO) dispute settlement mechanism. It is a legal issue because the disparity among national competition policy will cause trade distortions. It is political because the issue touches upon nations' regulatory autonomy in designing their competition policy to compliment other government policies. It also has economic implications in that countries might wish to rely on parallel importation as a mechanism to bring down prices of patent products. A complex issue as such requires- a multilateral solution enshrined in a legally binding agreement. In the absence of such an agreement, patent system under the TRIPS Agreement will be inadequate and ineffective because it will become inoperable and nations will incline to retrieve to unilateral actions for the resolution of grievances.
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Weber, Christoph. "The evolving international regime of trade in financial services under the auspices of the GATT /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60696.

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This thesis is designed to verify the potential for an efficient multilateral agreement on trade in financial services.
After reference to the prevalent types of regulatory barriers and protectionist behaviour, the study analyzes those trade concepts and principles that are of particular importance and relevance to the financial services sector.
A detailed comparison of national submissions for a draft agreement and schedules of market opening commitments from various developing and developed countries subsequently attempts to demonstrate the remaining discrepancy between controversial and often abstract attitudes.
Despite the undeniable influence of the individual level of development and competitiveness, the thesis concludes that the successful fate of the Uruguay Round negotiations on financial services depends primarily on the sincere willingness of all parties to reach a beneficial compromise.
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Wells, Karen. "International and domestic sources of state stability and regime collapse : merchant capital in Ethiopia, 1974-1995." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1548/.

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This thesis is an analysis of the interrelationship between international and domestic determinants of state action in Ethiopia in the period 1974 - 1995. It uses an historical materialist framework to show that the Ethiopian state acts to further the interests of domestic merchant capital, and that continuities between successive regimes express a deeper underlying continuity in the structures of the social formation. It discusses the ways in which land reform further entrenched peasants in their existing conditions of production, in response to which the Derg regime undertook to extend state interventions in trade. State involvement in trade has been crucial to the ability of successive regimes to preserve and expand state structures. The alliance with merchant capital which underpinned the state's role in trade explains the decision to nationalise industry. Nationalisation led to a decline in industrial production to the benefit of domestic merchant capital. However the dominance of merchant capital exists alongside low-levels of capital accumulation which renders the state dependent on external alliances and therefore makes regimes highly susceptible to changes at the international level. The low-level of development of the productive forces has retarded the integration of Ethiopia and strengthened regional identities. The resulting fragmentation of power has been an enduring theme of Ethiopian politics. These continuities in underlying structures have contributed to continuities in regime action at the level of the degree of state penetration, the formation of state revenues, and the military basis of regime legitimacy. Finally, it suggests that the model offered here, of a state supporting a domestic merchant class, may be useful in explaining the relationship between states and classes elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Greene, Owen J. "Enhancing traceability of small arms and light weapons flows: developing an international marking and tracing regime." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4239.

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yes
Efforts to combat and prevent illicit trafficking and proliferation of small arms and light weaponsEfforts to combat and prevent illicit trafficking and proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) are obstructed by lack of capacity to trace sources and lines of supply for arms. Such efforts are necessary in order to identify points of diversion or loss of responsible control so that actions can be taken to tackle the problems. This hampers efforts to prevent future loss and diversion, for example, or to close down unauthorised or destabilising arms supply networks. Measures to enable tracing of sources and lines of supply of SALW are therefore a priority. Because of the international scope of the flows of SALW, such measures need to be taken by all states and all other relevant members of the international community. International standards and mechanisms to enable tracing need to be established and developed as a priority. An effective international system to enable tracing of sources and flows of SALW requires three essential elements: adequate marking to uniquely identify each weapon; detailed and accessible record-keeping; and mechanisms for international co-operation in tracing sources and lines of supply of SALW. At present there are substantial weaknesses and problems in each of these three areas. (SALW) are obstructed by lack of capacity to trace sources and lines of supply for arms. Such efforts are necessary in order to identify points of diversion or loss of responsible control so that actions can be taken to tackle the problems. This hampers efforts to prevent future loss and diversion, for example, or to close down unauthorised or destabilising arms supply networks. Measures to enable tracing of sources and lines of supply of SALW are therefore a priority. Because of the international scope of the flows of SALW, such measures need to be taken by all states and all other relevant members of the international community. International standards and mechanisms to enable tracing need to be established and developed as a priority. An effective international system to enable tracing of sources and flows of SALW requires three essential elements: adequate marking to uniquely identify each weapon; detailed and accessible record-keeping; and mechanisms for international co-operation in tracing sources and lines of supply of SALW. At present there are substantial weaknesses and problems in each of these three areas.
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Books on the topic "Jordan's international trade regime"

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Lyck, Lise. Arctic international trade: A study focused on the Greenlandic international trade regime. Copenhagen: New social science monographs, Institute of Organization and Industrial Sociology, Copenhagen Business School, 1999.

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Khan, Sohail Mohammad. Pakistan's and international textile and clothing trade regime. [S.l: s.n.], 1999.

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M, Lutz James, ed. World trade issues: Regime, structure, and policy. New York: Praeger, 1985.

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Hart, Michael. Doing the right thing: Regional integration and the multilateral trade regime. Ottawa: Centre for Trade Policy and Law = Centre de droit et de politique commerciale, 1996.

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The tropical timber trade regime. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998.

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Gale, Fred P. The tropical timber trade regime. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 1998.

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Bagchi, Amiya Kumar. On the political economy of the choice of a trade regime. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex, 1992.

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W, Zacher Mark, ed. Managing international markets: Developing countries and the commodity trade regime. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.

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Falkinger, Josef. Institutions and development: The interaction between trade regime and political system. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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The TRIPS regime of patent rights. London: Kluwer Law International, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Jordan's international trade regime"

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Gale, Fred P. "International Regimes: A Conceptual History." In The Tropical Timber Trade Regime, 12–29. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230371521_2.

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Sinha Roy, Saikat, and Pradyut Kumar Pyne. "Is WTO Governed Trade Regime Sufficient for Export Growth?" In International Trade and International Finance, 179–97. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2797-7_9.

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Gale, Fred P. "The International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983." In The Tropical Timber Trade Regime, 79–96. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230371521_6.

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Gale, Fred P. "A Neo-Gramscian Approach to International Regimes." In The Tropical Timber Trade Regime, 30–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230371521_3.

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Milward, Bob. "The moral arguments for an alternative global trading regime." In International Trade and Sustainable Development, 59–70. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429053023-5.

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Akbari, Suhailah. "Current State of the Afghan Foreign Trade Legal Regime." In European Yearbook of International Economic Law, 27–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73464-0_3.

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Feldman, Mark, Rodrigo Monardes Vignolo, and Cristian Rodriguez Chiffelle. "The Role of Pacific Rim FTAs in the Harmonization of International Investment Law: Towards a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific." In Asia's Changing International Investment Regime, 177–205. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5882-0_11.

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Wu, Yingying. "The Latest Regulatory Regime of SOEs Under International Trade Treaties." In International Law and the Global South, 29–48. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1368-6_2.

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Conklin, John G. "From Gatt to the World Trade Organization: Prospects for a Rule-Integrity Regime." In International Political Economy, 381–98. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24443-0_24.

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Mokhtarzadeh, Fatemeh, and G. Cornelis van Kooten. "Economic analysis of a softwood lumber quota regime and a policy to subsidize biomass generation of electricity." In International trade in forest products: lumber trade disputes, models and examples, 83–109. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248234.0005.

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Abstract The REPA spatial price equilibrium model developed in Chapter 4 is used to investigate the regional welfare impacts of a quota on exports of Canadian softwood lumber to the U.S. In the model, Canada is divided into seven regions and the U.S. into five regions, with the rest of the world constituting a 13th region; the model is calibrated to the bilateral trade flows that existed in 2016 when there was free trade in lumber. Various quota levels are examined in terms of their impact on producers and consumers in both countries. Canadian producers are found to be better off with a hard quota compared with free trade, although the quota leads to a reduction in market share while driving a wedge between Canadian and U.S. prices, both of which are aggravated with harder quotas. Overall, the loss of export sales to the U.S. is not recouped with sales to the rest of the world. The REPA model is also used to examine the impact of EU demand for wood pellets to generate electricity. Results indicate that pellet prices will approximately double.
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Conference papers on the topic "Jordan's international trade regime"

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Abu Saleem, Thaer Ahmad, Nidal Ali Abbas, Khaled Mohammed Al-Sawaie, and Abdel-Halim Mohammed Jubran. "The Impact of Digital Trade on Jordan's Economic Growth." In 2021 22nd International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acit53391.2021.9677278.

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MUKHOPADHYAY, SOMASRI. "REGIONALISATION OF SERVICE TRADE ISSUES UNDER THE MULTILATERAL TRADING REGIME." In Proceedings of the International Conference on ICMMS 2008. IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781848165106_0034.

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Ray, Sandip, Tamzidul Hoque, Abhishek Basak, and Swarup Bhunia. "The power play: Security-energy trade-offs in the IoT regime." In 2016 IEEE 34th International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccd.2016.7753360.

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Li, Dongmei, Zhihong Song, and Libo Fan. "A Markov Regime-Switching Model on Foreign Trade: The Case of China." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5999256.

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Gencer, Ayşen Hiç, and Özlen Hiç. "A.Smith and the Classical School, K.Marx and the Marxist Socialism, J.M.Keynes and the Keynesian Revolution and the Subsequent Developments." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01166.

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Adam Smith is known as the founder of economics as a social science and also of economic liberalism (or termed as capitalism after Karl Marx) based on principles of non-intervention and non-protection by the governments to perfectly competitive markets. Over time, economic theory and resulting economic regime evolved: Interventions to improve the welfare of workers; infant-industry argument for limited trade protection; and most importantly, following the 1929 Great Depression, John Maynard Keynes and his macroeconomic system giving rise to less-than-full- employment equilibrium, hence the need for macro-economic level state interventions by means of monetary and fiscal policies. Evidently, liberal economic regime was modified but remained in essence; hence, it proved to be flexible and resilient. On the other hand, Marxist socialism, the doctrinaire challenge to capitalism, had virtually collapsed in the 1990's. The move of even the developing countries towards outward orientation and market economy at the national level is in line with Adam Smith's views; so is the establishment of the European Union and the like at the regional level, as well as the more recent move towards globalisation.
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Boros, Eszter, and Gabor Sztano. "Rising Regional Importance of the Renminbi in the Asia-Pacific Area: A Panel Analysis." In 36th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2022-0064.

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In the past decade, China has taken several steps to make the renminbi (RMB) a globally important currency. Since the RMB was included in the IMF’s SDR basket in 2016, several central banks have started using it as a reserve currency. Moreover, the exchange rate regime of the RMB has gradually been modified to add some flexibility, and Beijing has begun to promote cross-border RMB trade settlement. In this paper, we use panel data to analyze how changes in the RMB exchange rate might influence the movement of other currencies in the Asia-Pacific region. We find that the RMB’s relative importance has significantly increased from 2015 onwards, i.e. since the date of the last reform of the RMB central parity quoting mechanism. Our results also suggest that the RMB’s impact has remained broadly unchanged since the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Contrary to some other findings, the COVID‑19 has not reduced the relevance of the Chinese currency in the region.
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SAMI, MUHAMMAD GOLAM, and SHAUNI PRIYAM SIKDER. "COMMERCIAL EVOLUTION OF WATERFRONT: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF LAND USE PATTERN & TREND OF COMMERCIAL CENTERS IN KHULNA RESPECTING BAROBAZAR, KHULNA." In 13th International Research Conference - FARU 2020. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit (FARU), University of Moratuwa, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2020.19.

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Although Khulna's actual history is not about more than 200 years, but it has a 2000 years settlement and commercial history. Khulna was a part of Ganaridai, Vanga, Jessore dynasty, Rarh (South Bengal) in different periods. The connection of rivers always made a blessing for Khulna for water transportation to accelerate trade and commerce. According to Ptolemy, the ancient Gangaridai had an ancient port located in greater Jessore [1,557]. Some archaic incidents, verses, and legends of Mani-Rishis (Ancient Indian Scholars) proved the old settlement and commercial style. The chronological evolution of the ancient Period (6th century BC – 1757 AD) described a civilization's development with the incremental commercial approach [2,315]. The colonial regime can relate to the evolution of a commercial and economic center like Barobazar as a whole. All these chronological narrations, consecutive phenomena, and influential factors will depict the trend of retail evolution. The research aims to describe Khulna's commercial development's sequential affairs and find the missing links between eras. Various ancient documents, Blueprints, Greek Periplus, etc. will describe the settlement, commercial mode, and history. It will determine the answer to the questions about the growth and establishment of river port cities and major economic centers' evolution. The paper will describe commercial –spatial progression in 4 Particular eras. GIS surveys and some old maps will illustrate the commercial land-use patterns of Barobazar from the Colonial Period to the present and the river base trade. These will elaborate on the existing conditions as well as the revolutionary changes. The fundamental research will help for the further Urban regeneration of Barobazar as a central economic hub. The historical consequences will help to sort out the development pattern and strategies behind the progression.
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Palević, Milan. "REGULATORNA PODRŠKA PLATNIM USLUGAMA U EVROPSKOJ UNIJI – ODABRANI PREGLED." In XVIII Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xviiimajsko.197p.

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At present, the global economy is in the process of establishing a new mechanism of integration in the fields of material production and services, which together with the liberalization of international trade relations at the global level, digital business transformation and new market trends, leads to greater control and regulation. market participants, especially in the field of service provision. The legal provisions governing the provision of services are increasingly influenced by the international legal regime, which significantly determines the further expansion of the capacity of national legislation. In this regard, the growing diversity of services causes various problems in defining and then in understanding the nature of services as well as in establishing a legal framework for their appropriate standardization. Such frameworks should regulate the ways in which services are provided in the global market. In this paper, we provide an overview of the regulatory support that the European Union determines and defines in the field of payment services
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Perez, Maximillian A., and Andrei M. Shkel. "The Performance Effects of Squeeze Film Stiffness on Non-Resonate Interferometric Inertial Sensors." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35751.

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This paper studies the nonlinear effects of squeeze film stiffening on the performance of a high resolution MEMS nonresonant inertial sensor. It is shown that these effects introduce a surprising dynamic response that extends the operational frequency range of the devices by retarding the resonate response. In addition, this performance advantage will occur without the traditional gain trade-off associated with linear systems of this type. A method is introduced to experimentally characterize the squeeze film stiffness of a passive inertial sensor through the resonant characterization of a Fabry-Pe´rot interferometric accelerometer under reduced pressure. Such passive devices are uniquely suited for the study of squeeze films and, due to the dependence of both the sensitivity and bandwidth on the device structural stiffness, variation of the stiffness with frequency must be considered to accurately predict sensor performance. The characterization confirms established analytical squeeze film stiffness theory in the continuous gas regime for conditions of Knudsen numbers less then one. As the Knudsen number equal to one is approached, it is shown that ideal kinetic gas theory and continuous squeeze film theory converge yielding a simplified stiffness estimate under the resonant response under reduced pressure. These analytical results are used to predict the performance gains due to the nonlinear, frequency dependent total stiffness of the sensor during non-resonant operation.
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Gomez, Helmuth, and Gabriela Antošová. "Trends in the Czech regional manufacturing." In XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-19.

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This article aims to recognize the recent trends in the regional specialization according to changes in sectoral employment. The three New Economic Geography’s (NEG) agglomerative forces, namely: low transport cost, economies of scale and relevance of footloose productive factors, have been powerful determinants guiding the location of firms, in spite of policy intervention blatantly activist intended to reverberate artificially the geography of production (such as interventionist measures during the communist regime). Although, the most recent models of geography and trade recognize a bijective interaction between NEG forces and comparative advantages, to fully explain productive specialization. This contribution interprets the trends in the Czech Manufacturing inspired by the tenets of the NEG and the analysis of regional specialization of the Czech Republic in a context of inter-territorial inequalities regarding the distribution of manufacturing activity. Methods are used by application the Kim’s Divergence Index to detect the degree of similarity or not throughout the manufacturing structure, while observing the sectoral specialization of labor. The results of the Index suggest the specific role of each individual region (NUTS2) in a national hierarchy of manufacturing tasks that also shook up the Czech integration into the international production system.
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Reports on the topic "Jordan's international trade regime"

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Meneses, Juan Francisco, and José Luis Saboin. Growth Recoveries (from Collapses). Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003419.

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This paper analyzes the behavior of a long list of economic variables during episodes of recovery from an economic collapse. A set of stylized facts is proposed so as to depict what in this work is called \saygrowth recoveries. Through different estimation techniques, it is inferred under which conditions and policies the likelihood of experiencing a growth recovery increases. The results of the paper indicate that collapses tend to occur in countries with high dependence on natural resource rents, macroeconomic mismanagement, low levels of democratic accountability and rule of law and high levels of conflict. Recoveries, on the other hand, tend to be longer than collapses and are more likely to occur in contexts of: improved external conditions, less natural resource rents, balanced fiscal accounts, where the exchange rate corrects but within a more fixed exchange rate regime and a more restricted financial account, and where there are: rebounds in private consumption, increases in international trade and improvements on property rights.
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