Journal articles on the topic 'Joint power law'
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1
Renshaw, Carl E. "Connectivity of joint networks with power law length distributions." Water Resources Research 35, no. 9 (September 1999): 2661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999wr900170.
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Sun, Delin, and Minggao Zhu. "Effect of Pressure Distribution on the Energy Dissipation of Lap Joints under Equal Pre-tension Force." Open Physics 17, no. 1 (June 17, 2019): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2019-0034.
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Abstract In this paper, the energy dissipation in a bolted lap joint is studied using a continuum microslip model. Five contact pressure distributions compliant with the power law are considered, and all of them have equal pretension forces. The effects of different pressure distributions on the interface stick-slip transitions and hysteretic characteristics are presented. The calculation formulation of the energy dissipation is introduced. The energy dissipation results are plotted on linear and log-log coordinates to investigate the effect of the pressure distribution on the energy distribution. It is shown that the energy dissipations of the lap joints are related to the minimum pressure in the overlapped area, the size of the contact area and the value of the power exponent. The work provides a theoretical basis for further effective use of the joint energy dissipation.
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Shim, Dong-Jin, S. Mark Spearing, and Qingda Yang. "Crack Initiation and Growth in Solder Joints Under Cyclic Shear Deformation Using Piezomechanical Actuation." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 129, no. 1 (December 6, 2005): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2400257.
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Crack initiation and growth behavior in solder joints under cyclic shear deformation using piezomechanical actuation have been investigated. Experiments were conducted on specimens that consist of piezo–ceramic plates and eutectic Sn–Pb solder bonded in a double-lap shear configuration. Specimens were tested under various frequencies and ranges of applied electric field at room temperature, and a shear-lag model using elastic–perfectly plastic solder properties was developed to characterize the mechanical response of the solder joint. Nominal plastic shear strain ranges from 0.182% to 2.69% were considered. The applied shear strains measured using digital image correlation showed agreement with shear strains from analyses. The Coffin–Manson relationship was used to characterize crack initiation, and a power law was employed for crack growth. This work shows that the fatigue characteristics of solder joints using piezomechanical actuation exhibit reasonable agreement with those using other types of testing methods and provides the framework for a new accelerated testing methodology for solder joint reliability.
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Hazri, Tengku Ahmad. "Interpreting Islam in the Constitution: Question of Fact or of Law?" ICR Journal 7, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v7i2.269.
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Under Malaysia’s federalism, the legislative powers of the Federation are distributed between the federal and state governments by the Federal Constitution, classified under Federal List, State List and Joint List. Thus state legislature is authorised to legislate on matters involving, among others, Islamic law. This power includes to create “offences against the precepts of Islam”.1 So two questions then arise.
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Sauber, J., and J. Seyyedi. "Predicting Thermal Fatigue Lifetimes for SMT Solder Joints." Journal of Electronic Packaging 114, no. 4 (December 1, 1992): 472–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905484.
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A power-law type creep equation has been added to finite element models to calculate solder joint response to time, temperature, and stress level. The ability of the models to predict solder joint behavior was verified by running a series of creep tests. The models were then solved to determine the solder joint creep strains which occur during thermal cycling. These creep strains were used to predict the degradation of pull strength resulting from thermal cycling. More than 8,600 solder joints were thermally cycled and then individually pull tested to verify the accuracy of the method.
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Paddy Ireland. "Efficiency or Power? The Rise of the Shareholder-oriented Joint Stock Corporation." Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 25, no. 1 (2018): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/indjglolegstu.25.1.0291.
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Sims, Peter H., and Jonathan C. Pober. "Joint estimation of the Epoch of Reionization power spectrum and foregrounds." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 488, no. 2 (July 25, 2019): 2904–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1888.
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ABSTRACT The power spectrum of redshifted 21 cm emission brightness temperature fluctuations is a powerful probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). However, bright foreground emission presents a significant impediment to its unbiased recovery from interferometric data. We estimate the power spectrum within a Bayesian framework and demonstrate that incorporating a priori knowledge of the spectral structure of foregrounds in the large spectral scale component of the data model enables significantly improved modelling of the foregrounds without increasing the model complexity. We explore two astrophysically motivated parametrizations of the large spectral scale model: (i) a constant plus power-law model of the form $q_{0}+q_{1}(\nu /\nu _{0})^{b_{1}}$ for two values of b1: b1 = 〈β〉GDSE and b1 = 〈β〉EGS, the mean spectral indices of the Galactic diffuse synchrotron emission and extragalactic source foreground emission, respectively; and (ii) a constant plus double power-law model of the form $q_{0}+q_{1}(\nu /\nu _{0})^{b_{1}}+q_{2}(\nu /\nu _{0})^{b_{2}}$ with b1 = 〈β〉GDSE and b2 = 〈β〉EGS. We estimate the EoR power spectrum from simulated interferometric data consisting of an EoR signal, Galactic diffuse synchrotron emission, extragalactic sources, and diffuse free–free emission from the Galaxy. We show that, by jointly estimating a model of the EoR signal with the constant plus double power-law parametrization of the large spectral scale model, unbiased estimates of the EoR power spectrum are recoverable on all spatial scales accessible in the data set, including on the large spatial scales that were found to be contaminated in earlier work.
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Zuhri, Basrial. "PERANAN DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DALAM PEMBENTUKAN UNDANG-UNDANG MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR NEGARA RI TAHUN 1945 SETELAH AMANDEMEN." Ensiklopedia of Journal 4, no. 3 (February 13, 2022): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33559/eoj.v4i3.793.
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The power to form laws after the amendment of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, there has been a very significant change. This change makes the DPR's power stronger than the President. The power to make laws after the amendments rests with the House of Representatives. However, in joint discussions, the draft law requires the approval of the President. If the draft law does not get the President's approval, the draft law will be invalid. Thus, the power to make laws that is given to the DPR is canceled by the constitution or in other words, the constitution cancels itself. The DPD is also considered a legislative body, with a view to creating a two-chamber system in representative institutions. But in reality, the DPD in exercising its power is very weak. The weaknesses can be seen as follows: 1) DPD can only submit proposals for draft laws to the DPR, 2) The draft laws that can be proposed are limited to matters related to regional government as regulated by the constitution, 3) DPD participation in joint discussions at the DPR , if the draft law has not yet entered the stage of discussion with the President, 4) DPD cannot submit a draft law outside the national legislation program.Keywords: DPR, Law, 1945 Constitution, Amendment.
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Qi, Kai Cheng, Peng Shang, Wei Liu, Jian Jun Zhang, and Feng Gao. "Modular Design Concept of a Humanoid Robot Platform." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 1736–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.1736.
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Most of the biped robots or humanoid robots developed so far have been designed with serialactuated mechanism. the ratio between power and weight has not been very good. Some abilities of the humanoid robot are dependent on the weakest motor just like the cannikin law. Most of the human joints are not serial-actuated but parallel-actuated except the knee joint which is a one DOF joint. In the study, two kinds of module are put forward: basic module and composite module, and the configurations of the joints and limbs are designed by these modules. Based on logic diagram, many kinds of the humanoid robot are structured with these joints and limbs. As an applicable example, the humanoid robot SJTU-HR1 is presented.
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Campolieti, Michele. "Power Law Distributions and the Size Distribution of Strikes." Sociological Methods & Research 48, no. 3 (October 10, 2017): 561–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124117729709.
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Using Canadian data from 1976 to 2014, I study the size distribution of strikes with three alternative measures of strike size: the number of workers on strike, strike duration in calendar days, and the number of person calendar days lost to a strike. I use a maximum likelihood framework that provides a way to estimate distributions, evaluate model fit, and also test against alternative distributions. I consider a few theories that can create power law distributions in strike size, such as the joint costs model that posits strike size is inversely proportional to dispute costs. I find that the power law distribution fits the data for the number of lost person calendar days relatively well and is also more appropriate than the lognormal distribution. I also discuss the implications of my findings from a methodological, research, and policy perspective.
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Altay, Sıtkı Anlam. "Restriction on the Authority to Represent in Turkish Joint Stock Companies Law." European Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 25, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejss-2019.v2i3-76.
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Turkish Joint Stock Corporations Law is based upon Swiss Law. Turkish Commercial Code of 2012 reflects a pure reception of the rules regarding the representation of the company from Swiss Law. However in 2014, Turkish Law has confronted the enforcement of Art. 371/7 TCC, which enables restrictions on the representation authority in terms of the material and monetary scope of the transaction. This study aims to bring a critical view of this regulation and to introduce a draft for a well-directed regulation with respect to restrictions related to power of representation.
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Altay, Sıtkı Anlam. "Restriction on the Authority to Represent in Turkish Joint Stock Companies Law." European Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 25, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejss.v2i3.p58-66.
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Turkish Joint Stock Corporations Law is based upon Swiss Law. Turkish Commercial Code of 2012 reflects a pure reception of the rules regarding the representation of the company from Swiss Law. However in 2014, Turkish Law has confronted the enforcement of Art. 371/7 TCC, which enables restrictions on the representation authority in terms of the material and monetary scope of the transaction. This study aims to bring a critical view of this regulation and to introduce a draft for a well-directed regulation with respect to restrictions related to power of representation.
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Goushegir, Seyed Mohammad, Jorge F. dos Santos, and Sergio T. Amancio-Filho. "Fatigue Performance of Metal–Composite Friction Spot Joints." Materials 14, no. 16 (August 11, 2021): 4516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164516.
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Friction spot joining is an alternative technique for joining metals with polymers and composites. This study investigated the fatigue performance of aluminum alloy 2024/carbon-fiber-reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) joints that were produced with friction spot joining. The surface of the aluminum was pre-treated using various surface treatment methods. The joined specimens were tested under dynamic loading using a load ratio of R = 0.1 and a frequency of 5 Hz. The tests were performed at different percentages of the lap shear strength of the joint. Three models—exponential, power law, and wear-out—were used to statistically analyze the fatigue life of the joints and to draw the stress–life (S–N) curves. The joints showed an infinite life of 25–35% of their quasi-static strength at 106 cycles. The joints surpassing 106 cycles were subsequently tested under quasi-static loading, showing no considerable reduction compared to their initial lap shear strength.
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Lin, Kaisheng, and Gesine Reinert. "Joint Vertex Degrees in the Inhomogeneous Random Graph Model ℊ(n,{pij})." Advances in Applied Probability 44, no. 1 (March 2012): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1331216648.
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In a random graph, counts for the number of vertices with given degrees will typically be dependent. We show via a multivariate normal and a Poisson process approximation that, for graphs which have independent edges, with a possibly inhomogeneous distribution, only when the degrees are large can we reasonably approximate the joint counts as independent. The proofs are based on Stein's method and the Stein-Chen method with a new size-biased coupling for such inhomogeneous random graphs, and, hence, bounds on the distributional distance are obtained. Finally, we illustrate that apparent (pseudo-)power-law-type behaviour can arise in such inhomogeneous networks despite not actually following a power-law degree distribution.
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Lin, Kaisheng, and Gesine Reinert. "Joint Vertex Degrees in the Inhomogeneous Random Graph Model ℊ(n,{pij })." Advances in Applied Probability 44, no. 01 (March 2012): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800005486.
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In a random graph, counts for the number of vertices with given degrees will typically be dependent. We show via a multivariate normal and a Poisson process approximation that, for graphs which have independent edges, with a possibly inhomogeneous distribution, only when the degrees are large can we reasonably approximate the joint counts as independent. The proofs are based on Stein's method and the Stein-Chen method with a new size-biased coupling for such inhomogeneous random graphs, and, hence, bounds on the distributional distance are obtained. Finally, we illustrate that apparent (pseudo-)power-law-type behaviour can arise in such inhomogeneous networks despite not actually following a power-law degree distribution.
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Fauzi, Fauzi, Subanrio Subanrio, and Akhmad Muslih. "JURIDICAL ANALYSIS ON THE LEGAL POWER OF COLLATERAL SEIZURE ON MATRIMONIAL JOINT ASSETS IN THE DECISION OF MANNA RELIGIOUS COURT NO. 54/PDT.G/2019/PA.MNA BASED ON ISLAMIC LAW." Bengkoelen Justice : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j_bengkoelenjust.v11i1.15786.
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The objectives of the study were to find out and analyze: (1) the reasons of collateral seizure on matrimonial joint assets where it can guarantee the Plaintiff's rights and (2) The views of Islamic law on the collateral seizure of matrimonial joint assets in the decision of Manna Religious Court No.54/Pdt.g/2019/PA.Mna. This study was normative legal research. The reasons for the seizure of the collateral filed by the Plaintiff in the lawsuit case No.54/Pdt.G/2019/PA.Mna were: a) the reasons for collateral seizure on matrimonial joint assets were due to the Plaintiff’s claim in the lawsuit concerning the assets under the Defendant's authority; b). Judge panel considered the rules based on Al-Qur'an surah An-Nisa verse 32, regulation in Marriage Law, and Compilation of Islamic Law that state the right of Matrimony Joint Assets belongs to both parties, and since the assets were under the Defendant's authority, a collateral seizure is considered necessary; c) the reasons of collateral seizure on matrimonial joint assets were also to provide legal certainty and equal rights to each party; d) to ensure the integrity of the assets, to get them to remain maintained and present; and e) the seizure was to avoid the right transfer of the asset to other parties and to prevent the assets from being misused or damaged. The legal power of collateral seizure of matrimonial joint assets in the decision of Manna Religious Court No.54/Pdt.g/2019/PA.Mna could give the Plaintiff's legal rights in writing, but when viewed from Islamic law it could not be able to achieve the objectives of Islamic law itself, namely the benefit and usefulness principles. This was due to the absence of sanctions and strong foundations for those who did not carry out the decision. The court only granted the seizure stamp and joint assets seizure but did not decide the execution over the joint assets, so the Plaintiff's rights could not be fully protected. Islamic law considered the collateral seizure on matrimonial joint assets in the decision of the Manna Religious Court No.54/Pdt.g/2019/PA.Mna as something that is not prohibited and mentioned in surah Al-Baqarah verse 188.
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Bahri, Abbas, Mehdi Akhlaghi, and Manouchehr Salehi. "An exact solution for improved metal-composite joints reinforced by FG inter-layers." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 24, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0140.
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AbstractA two-dimensional analytic solution based on linear elasticity theory is used to investigate the effect of using a functionally graded material (FGM) as an inter-layer in reducing the stress concentration in non-axisymmetric loaded metal-composite joints. The geometry of the joint consists of a metal cylinder surrounded in a composite thick plate and loaded arbitrarily by in-plane radial force profile, the condition of which occurs in double-lap pins, bolt joints, and T-bolt joints. The significant difference between the mechanical properties of the adjacent materials induces a stress concentration in the flexible part of the joint. In this work, an analytic solution based on the Airy stress function is used and derived into the strain compatibility equation in two-dimensional problems. The power law model is used for the FGM property variation, and a transversely isotropic model is considered for the composite plate. A two-dimensional condition is assumed for the structure. The results of several models are compared with the finite-element method and show good conformity between the two methods. In some cases, by using the FGM inter-layer, the stress level in the surrounding plate would be decreased significantly.
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Wang, Yanyue, and Guohua Fang. "Joint Operation Modes and Economic Analysis of Nuclear Power and Pumped Storage Plants under Different Power Market Environments." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 25, 2022): 9128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159128.
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Given the continuous promotion of power market reforms, the joint operation modes and economic analysis of nuclear power and pumped storage hydropower under different market mechanisms are the key to ensuring the low-carbon and economic operation of the power system. First, this study constructed the power expansion optimization model and put forward the allocation ratio by combining the operation characteristics of nuclear power and pumped storage. Second, a simulation model for the joint operation was established to optimize their operation modes. Finally, the joint operation modes and a method for calculating profitability under different power market mechanisms were proposed. A case study in the FJ power grid reveals that the joint operation of nuclear power and pumped storage can increase the annual utilization hours of nuclear power by 1000 h, reduce the operation cost of pumped storage, and increase the market competitiveness of the system. With the improvement in the power market, the joint financial internal rate of return of the system would increase gradually to 11.40% in the long-term mature market. This indicates that the power market reforms would ensure the profitability of the joint operation of nuclear power and pumped storage.
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Corral, Álvaro, and Isabel Serra. "The Brevity Law as a Scaling Law, and a Possible Origin of Zipf’s Law for Word Frequencies." Entropy 22, no. 2 (February 17, 2020): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020224.
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An important body of quantitative linguistics is constituted by a series of statistical laws about language usage. Despite the importance of these linguistic laws, some of them are poorly formulated, and, more importantly, there is no unified framework that encompasses all them. This paper presents a new perspective to establish a connection between different statistical linguistic laws. Characterizing each word type by two random variables—length (in number of characters) and absolute frequency—we show that the corresponding bivariate joint probability distribution shows a rich and precise phenomenology, with the type-length and the type-frequency distributions as its two marginals, and the conditional distribution of frequency at fixed length providing a clear formulation for the brevity-frequency phenomenon. The type-length distribution turns out to be well fitted by a gamma distribution (much better than with the previously proposed lognormal), and the conditional frequency distributions at fixed length display power-law-decay behavior with a fixed exponent α ≃ 1.4 and a characteristic-frequency crossover that scales as an inverse power δ ≃ 2.8 of length, which implies the fulfillment of a scaling law analogous to those found in the thermodynamics of critical phenomena. As a by-product, we find a possible model-free explanation for the origin of Zipf’s law, which should arise as a mixture of conditional frequency distributions governed by the crossover length-dependent frequency.
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Sodik, Mochammad, Gufron Gufron, and B. J. Sujibto. "The Inception of SKB on Ahmadiyya: From State of Power to State of Law." Justicia Islamica 19, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v19i2.4871.
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The product of the law on Ahmadiyya known as the SKB (Surat Keputusan Bersama) or Joint Ministerial Decree which bans them from conducting religious activities has provoked a polemic and controversy. This article examines the socio-political process of the SKB and criticizes the essence of the state of the law by proposing the concept of limitation of power. Ahmadiyya adherents in Manislor, Kuningan have become role models in responding to the dynamics of the SKB. Using a qualitative approach to deeply understand the local voices and experience, the data were based on fieldwork and collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. This article found that (1) the SKB is a controversial political product since the birth of SKB was influenced by various political powers consisting of internal and external factors; (2) the current social situation of Ahmadiyya adherents in Manislor who fervidly initiated to overcome the conflict affected the dynamics of social actors in supporting the process of social integration in the local; and (3) the limitation the power of the government and state apparatus is crucial to avoid abuse of power. The restriction of local and national government power is required to obey the law, human rights, and other noble values originating from religious, moral, and ethical norms.
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Liu, Qi, Jie Zhao, Youguo Shao, Libin Wen, Jianxu Wu, Dichen Liu, and Yuhui Ma. "Multi-Power Joint Peak-Shaving Optimization for Power System Considering Coordinated Dispatching of Nuclear Power and Wind Power." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (September 3, 2019): 4801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174801.
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The matching characteristics of wind power output and nuclear power peak shaving are studied and the influence of coordinated dispatching of wind power and nuclear power on peak shaving flexibility and cost of the power grid is analyzed. Taking the lowest total operation cost of the system as the objective and considering the operation constraints, peak shaving cost of nuclear power units and the abandoned wind cost, a multi-power dispatching model for power system is proposed. In addition, in order to accurately optimize the output of nuclear power, a method of subdividing the peak shaving depth of nuclear power to linearize the constraint of nuclear power peak shaving is proposed. The analysis of example shows that the multi-power dispatching model considering the coordinated operation of wind and nuclear power has a high operation economy and can significantly reduce the amount of wind abandonment. The daily load tracking mode can be used for the participation of nuclear power units in daily peak shaving and the feasibility and necessity of coordinated wind-nuclear dispatching are verified.
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Johar, Mahzan, Mohamad Shahrul Effendy Kosnan, and Mohd Nasir Tamin. "Cyclic Cohesive Zone Model for Simulation of Fatigue Failure Process in Adhesive Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 606 (August 2014): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.606.217.
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Progressive failure process of adhesive joint under cyclic loading is of particular interest in this study. Such fatigue failure is described using damage mechanics with the assumed cohesive behaviour of the adhesive joint. Available cohesive zone model for monotonic loading is re-examined for extension to capture cyclic damage process of adhesive joints. Damage evolution in the adhesive joint is expressed in terms of cyclic degradation of interface strength and stiffness. Mixed-mode fatigue fracture of the joint is formulated based on relative displacements and strain energy release rate of the interface. A power-law type variation for each of these cohesive zone model parameters with accumulated load cycles is assumed in the presence of limited experimental data on cyclic interface fracture process. The cyclic cohesive zone model (CCZM) is implemented in commercial finite element analysis code and the model is validated using adhesively bonded 2024-T3 aluminium substrates with epoxy-based adhesive film (FM73M OST). The CCZM model is then examined for cyclic damage evolution characteristics of the adhesive lap joint subjected to cyclic displacement of Δδ = 0.1 mm, R=0 so as to induce shear-dominant fatigue failure. Results show that the cyclic interface damage started to initiate and propagate symmetrically from the both overlap edges and degradation of interface strength and stiffness started to accumulate after 0.5 cycles of displacement elapsed. The predicted results are consistent with the mechanics of relatively brittle interface failure process.
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Paulin, Sara Tomu. "PERKEMBANGAN JOINT VENTURE COMPANY DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR KETENAGALISTRIKAN." Jurnal Hukum to-ra : Hukum Untuk Mengatur dan Melindungi Masyarakat 7, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.55809/tora.v7i2.5.
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Through the 35,000 MW Electricity Program, the Government opens the role of the private sector to be able to build electricity projects where the private portion through Independent Electricity Producers is 26,981 MW, and the rest is part of PT PLN (Persero). Independent Power Producer ("IPP") is basically a private business entity which is mostly the result of cooperation between 2 (two) companies that form a special purpose company (Special Purpose Company) to build, operate, sell electricity to PLN, then hand over all assets to PLN in accordance with the time period specified in the Agreement. In the electricity sector, a joint venture company is a combination of a subsidiary company of PT PLN (Persero) or its affiliates whose share ownership is at least 51% with a business entity that has strategic value for PT PLN (Persero), which can be in the form of a local business entity or a foreign business entity. The development of electricity infrastructure is currently dominated by the Independent Power Producer (IPP) project where the company is a joint venture company formation. Until now, there is no positive law in Indonesia that regulates this joint venture agreement or shareholder agreement. In practice, there is no obligation for the joint venture to report or submit the joint venture agreement to the government agencies related to the establishment of the joint venture. Accordingly, if the joint venture agreement is not provided for in positive law, it is likely that the agreement will be used by the controlling shareholder to further restrict minority rights.
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Shi, Jiangang, Buwen Yu, Xianzhi Song, and Yong Guo. "Research on the Law of Surge Pressure during Tripping of HTHP Wells under the Influence of Tool Joints." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 26, 2022): 8943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238943.
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Accurate surge pressure prediction during tripping is significant to ensure drilling safety. Based on the theory of wellbore hydraulics and heat transfer, a surge pressure prediction model considering the influence of HTHP and joints is established in this paper. The finite difference method is used to solve the wellbore flow model. Compared with the measured surge pressure, it was found that the error between the predicted and measured values after considering the above factors was only 0.89%. The influence of dimensionless joint outer diameter, joint length and drill string tripping speed on the surge pressure was further analyzed. The results show that the existence of joints increases the surge pressure. When the dimensionless joint outer diameter was increased from 0.70 to 0.91, the surge pressure increased by 76%. Neglecting the effect of the joint will cause a large error in calculating the surge pressure. In addition, the surge pressure is positively correlated with the drill string tripping speed. However, with the decrease in drill string tripping speed, the surge pressure will gradually tend to a stable value. This study provides a theoretical reference for the hydraulic design of HTHP well tripping.
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Bar, D. E., and Y. Agnon. "A fractal model for the sea state bias in radar altimetry." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 4, no. 4 (December 31, 1997): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-4-213-1997.
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Abstract. The Kirchhoff approximation is used to determine the sea state bias in radar altimetry. A weakly nonlinear model of the sea waves is used to derive the joint moments of two different points separated by a distance R; the bias moment is formulated, and found for power law spectra. The method provides a consistent analysis of the sea state bias and avoids the need to truncate the high frequency tail of power-law wave spectra. The model exhibits dependence of the "electromagnetic bias" on the radar frequency, an effect observed in field experiments.
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Nelson, Becky. "Joint-Action Efforts Communicate the Value of Public Power." Electricity Journal 26, no. 6 (July 2013): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2013.05.018.
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Huang, Rong, Jimin Ni, Houchuan Fan, Xiuyong Shi, and Qiwei Wang. "Investigating a New Method-Based Internal Joint Operation Law for Optimizing the Performance of a Turbocharger Compressor." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 5, 2023): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15020990.
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A well-matched relationship between the compressor and turbine plays an important role in improving turbocharger and engine performance. However, in the matching of turbocharger and engine, the internal operation relationship between compressor and turbine is not considered comprehensively. In order to fill this gap, this paper proposed the internal joint operation law (IJOL) method based on the internal operating characteristics of the compressor and turbine using a combination of experimental and simulation methods. On this basis, the optimization method of the compressor was proposed. Firstly, according to the basic conditions of turbocharger, the compressor power consumption and the turbine effective power at a fixed speed were solved. Secondly, the power consumption curve of the compressor and the effective power curve of the turbine were coupled to obtain the power balance point of the turbocharger. Then, the internal joint operating point was solved and coupled to obtain the IJOL method. Finally, the IJOL method was used to optimize the blade number and the blade tip profile of the compressor. The simulation results showed that for the blade number, the 8-blade compressor had the best overall performance. For the blade tip profile, compared with the original compressor, the surge performance of the impeller inlet diameter reduced by 3.12% was better than that of the original compressor. In addition, in order to compare this to engine performance with different compressor structures, a 1D engine model was constructed using GT-Power. The simulation results showed that the maximum torque of the engine corresponding to the impeller designed by the IJOL method was 4.2% higher than that of the original engine, and the minimum brake specific fuel consumption was 3.1% lower. Therefore, compared with the traditional method, the IJOL method was reasonable and practical.
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Mavrin, Serguey P. "On Some Peculiarities and Problems of Russian Labour Law." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 17, Issue 4 (December 1, 2001): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/394542.
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This article highlights some peculiarities and actual problems of Russian Labour Law, Russian Labour Code reform and the problems of codification of Russian labour legislation. First, the author draws attention to the fact that Russian labour legislation is organized as a completely independent autonomous branch of Russian law. The second peculiarity consists in heavy legislative regulation of relations arising at the conclusion of an employment contract. The overprotection of the worker has the effect of deterioration of its position. The third peculiarity consists in ascribing labour legislation to objects of joint legislation, to objects of joint jurisdiction of the Federation and its subjects. Thereby, both the Federation and its subjects are authorized to draw up labour legislation separately and independently. Serious work has to be done regarding the problem of delimitation of objects of jurisdiction between the bodies of state power of the Russian Federation and the bodies of the RF subjects.
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Zhang, Yuepeng, Guangzhong Cao, Wenzhou Li, Jiangcheng Chen, Linglong Li, and Dongfeng Diao. "A Self-Adaptive-Coefficient-Double-Power Sliding Mode Control Method for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Robot." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 10329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110329.
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Lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robots have the characteristics of nonlinearity and strong coupling, and they are easily disturbed during operation by environmental factors. Thus, an accurate dynamic model of the robot is difficult to obtain, and achieving trajectory tracking control of the robot is also difficult. In this article, a self-adaptive-coefficient double-power sliding mode control method is proposed to overcome the difficulty of tracking the robot trajectory. The method combines an estimated dynamic model with sliding mode control. A nonlinear control law was designed based on the robot dynamics model and computational torque method, and a compensation term of control law based on double-power reaching law was introduced to reduce the disturbance from model error and environmental factors. The self-adaptive coefficient of the compensation term of the control law was designed to adaptively adjust the compensation term to improve the anti-interference ability of the robot. The simulation and experiment results show that the proposed method effectively improves the trajectory tracking accuracy and anti-interference ability of the robot. Compared with the traditional computed torque method, the proposed method decreases the tracking error by more than 71.77%. The maximum absolute error of the hip joint and knee joint remained below 0.55° and 1.65°, respectively, in the wearable experiment of the robot.
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Cui, Shuwan, Shuwen Pang, Suojun Zhang, Yong Liao, and Hongfeng Cai. "Influence of Different Welding Parameters on the Morphology, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of 780 Duplex-Phase Steel Laser Lap Welded Joint." Materials 15, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 3627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15103627.
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This paper attempted to establish a relationship between the morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of a laser lap welded joint (WJ) of 780 duplex-phase (DP) steel under different welding parameters. The experimental results showed that the microstructure of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of all the WJs were tempered martensite and equiaxed ferrite. The microstructure at the fusion zone (FZ) in all the WJs was dominated by lath martensite and ferrite, and the grain size of the FZ was larger than that in the base materials (BMs). The mechanical properties of the welded joints were tested by a universal testing machine, and the changing law of lap tensile resistance with the laser-welding parameters was analyzed. The results show that there was a linear relationship between the width of the weld and the tensile-shear forces of the weld, and the penetration of the weld had no obvious effect on the tensile-shear forces of the weld. A binary linear-regression equation was established to reveal the degree of influence of welding speed and laser power on the mechanical properties of WJs. It was found that the laser power had a greater influence on the mechanical properties of WJs than the welding speed.
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Luo, Yong, Yakun Wang, Heng Guo, Xiaobo Liu, Yihui Luo, and Yanan Liu. "Relationship between Joint Roughness Coefficient and Statistical Roughness Parameters and Its Sensitivity to Sampling Interval." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 13597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013597.
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Accurate determination of the surface roughness is of significant importance in estimating the mechanical and hydraulic behaviors of rock joints. The correlation between joint roughness coefficient (JRC) and various statistical roughness parameters calculated from digitized Barton’s roughness profiles was explored with Pearson’s correlation coefficient method. The results show the strongest correlation between the standard deviation of the roughness angle and JRC following an excellent linear relationship. In addition, the correlation in the JRC with textural parameters is better than its correlation with amplitude parameters. Twenty-nine rock joint surfaces from fine sandstone, coarse sandstone and granite joint samples with a wide range of surface morphology were digitized using a high-resolution 3D scanner instrument. Further, the statistical roughness parameter values were calculated for each joint profile at eight different sampling intervals for sensitivity analysis of these statistical roughness parameters with regard to the sampling interval. The result indicated that textural parameters generally have a certain degree of dependency on sampling interval, following a power-law relationship. Specifically, when the sampling interval increases, the structure function value increases whereas it decreases for other textural parameters. In contrast, the dependence of the amplitude parameters on the sampling interval is not significant.
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ZHAO, XIAOJUN, PENGJIAN SHANG, and YULEI PANG. "POWER LAW AND STRETCHED EXPONENTIAL EFFECTS OF EXTREME EVENTS IN CHINESE STOCK MARKETS." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 09, no. 02 (June 2010): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477510000162.
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This paper reports the statistics of extreme values and positions of extreme events in Chinese stock markets. An extreme event is defined as the event exceeding a certain threshold of normalized logarithmic return. Extreme values follow a piecewise function or a power law distribution determined by the threshold due to a crossover. Extreme positions are studied by return intervals of extreme events, and it is found that return intervals yield a stretched exponential function. According to correlation analysis, extreme values and return intervals are weakly correlated and the correlation decreases with increasing threshold. No long-term cross-correlation exists by using the detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) method. We successfully introduce a modification specific to the correlation and derive the joint cumulative distribution of extreme values and return intervals at 95% confidence level.
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Ziegler, Dieter. "«Bankenmacht», «Verwaltungsherrschaft», «Aktionärsdemokratie»?" Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 65, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 33–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2019-0007.
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Abstract«Bankenmacht», «Verwaltungsherrschaft», «Aktionärsdemokratie»? On the problem of management control in German stock corporations 1870 to 1931The liberalization of stock company law in Prussia and the North German Confederation respectively as well as the abolition of state concessions as a prerequisite for the formation of a joint-stock company led to a debate about the means of control regarding joint-stock companies. The new stock company law instituted supervisory boards as a controlling body, as a mandatory «contracted general assembly», but did not elaborate on a clear definition of their duties. Yet, since the end of the so called «Gründerboom» in 1873, it became more and more apparent that the supervisory boards failed to provide adequate supervision. The law was amended in 1884 accordingly, in order to increase the supervisory boards’ means of control over the executive board. Subsequently, many joint-stock companies developed an oligarchic power structure, which cut down on shareholder protection rights. Banks were heavily involved in this process due to their voting rights as «inside shareholders», but by no means would it be suitable to label this as «Bankenherrschaft».
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Platonov, V. M. "The principle of the executive power unity in the contemporary Russian federative model." RUDN Journal of Sociology 20, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-1-145-160.
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The article considers the unity of executive power in the federative model of contemporary Russia to show that a single system of executive power within the Russian political-legal culture presupposes a hierarchical relationship between executive authorities of different levels. Such specifics of the relationship between the federal executive bodies and executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation contradicts the idea of a vertical division of powers. The Russian model of federal relations is based on the fact that if the interests of the federation and its subjects are intertwined the best decision is not to isolate or separate the levels of power but rather to help them to interact, to provide a joint solution to the challenges of the state and its constituent parts. The author studied the federal legal acts and the practice of the Constitutional Court, in which the principle of the unity of the executive power was reinforced and evaluated. The article is based on the culturological approach as a kind of the system-structural analysis of law and other elements of social reality. This approach allows to consider the specifics of the Russian federalism as a special model of public administration in dynamics, and the corresponding institutions in their constant interaction and development. The formal-legal method allowed to identify the legal content of the principle of the state power system unity as the ‘cornerstone’ of the Russian federative structure. As a result, the article presents the following cultural-historical model of the Russian federative relations: it allows for widespread decentralization in the political sphere (by providing a list of objects of joint jurisdiction of the federal center and the subjects of the Russian Federation, and also - by residual principle - the exclusive legislative competence of the subjects), while the federal center strengthens centralization mechanisms in the administrative sphere (through the distribution of powers within the joint jurisdiction), thus, ensuring political competition under the tough statist principles in public administration.
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Guo, Weibin, Yuhui Li, and Gang Wang. "The Instability Characteristics and Displacement Law of Coal Wall Containing Joint Fissures in the Fully Mechanized Working Face with Great Mining Height." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 9059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239059.
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Coal wall rib-spalling is regarded as a key technical problem influencing safe and efficient mining of fully mechanized working face with great mining height (FGH) while the coal wall stability is influenced by the strength of the coal body, of which the internal joint fissures have a crucial impact on the strength of the coal body. This research attempted to explore how the coal wall stability of FGH is influenced by the occurrence of joint fissures. This paper uses physical and numerical simulations to systematically analyze the instability characteristics and displacement law of FGH. Research results show that the form and scope of the instability of coal wall rib-spalling depend on the state of the coal seam joint fissures development area, and the development state of coal seam joint fissures is related to the combination of the coal seam joints; under the condition of hard coal, the coal wall stability is better at the inclination angle of 90°, and less stable at 45° and 135°; under the condition of medium-hard coal and joint surface inclination angle of 45° and 135°, the smaller the spacing of joint surface, the larger the area of the working face rib-spalling, and the less stable the coal wall.
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Zhao, Yongsheng, Xiaolei Song, Ligang Cai, Zhifeng Liu, and Qiang Cheng. "Surface fractal topography-based contact stiffness determination of spindle–toolholder joint." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 4 (April 14, 2015): 602–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215578483.
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Accurate modeling of contact stiffness is crucial in predicting the dynamic behavior and chatter vibration of spindle–toolholder system for high-speed machining centers. This paper presents a fractal theory-based contact model of spindle–toolholder joint to obtain the contact stiffness and its real contact area. Topography of the contact surfaces of spindle–toolholder joint is fractal featured and determined by fractal parameters. Asperities in micro-scale are considered as elastic or plastic deformation. Then, the contact stiffness, the real contact area, the elastic contact force, and the plastic contact force of the whole contact surface are calculated by integrating the micro asperities. The relationship of the contact stiffness and the drawbar force follows a power law, in which the power index is determined by the fractal parameters. Experiments are conducted to verify the efficiency of the proposed model. The results from the fractal contact model of spindle–toolholder joint have good agreement with those of experiments.
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Abdalla, H., A. Abramowski, F. Aharonian, F. Ait Benkhali, A. G. Akhperjanian, E. O. Angüner, M. Arakawa, et al. "Deeper H.E.S.S. observations of Vela Junior (RX J0852.0−4622): Morphology studies and resolved spectroscopy." Astronomy & Astrophysics 612 (April 2018): A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201630002.
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Aims. We study γ-ray emission from the shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) RX J0852.0−4622 to better characterize its spectral properties and its distribution over the SNR.Methods. The analysis of an extended High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) data set at very high energies (E > 100 GeV) permits detailed studies, as well as spatially resolved spectroscopy, of the morphology and spectrum of the whole RX J0852.0−4622 region. The H.E.S.S. data are combined with archival data from other wavebands and interpreted in the framework of leptonic and hadronic models. The joint Fermi-LAT-H.E.S.S. spectrum allows the direct determination of the spectral characteristics of the parent particle population in leptonic and hadronic scenarios using only GeV-TeV data.Results. An updated analysis of the H.E.S.S. data shows that the spectrum of the entire SNR connects smoothly to the high-energy spectrum measured by Fermi-LAT. The increased data set makes it possible to demonstrate that the H.E.S.S. spectrum deviates significantly from a power law and is well described by both a curved power law and a power law with an exponential cutoff at an energy of Ecut = (6.7 ± 1.2stat ± 1.2syst) TeV. The joint Fermi-LAT-H.E.S.S. spectrum allows the unambiguous identification of the spectral shape as a power law with an exponential cutoff. No significant evidence is found for a variation of the spectral parameters across the SNR, suggesting similar conditions of particle acceleration across the remnant. A simple modeling using one particle population to model the SNR emission demonstrates that both leptonic and hadronic emission scenarios remain plausible. It is also shown that at least a part of the shell emission is likely due to the presence of a pulsar wind nebula around PSR J0855−4644.
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Yao, J. Q., T. V. Parry, A. Unsworth, and J. L. Cunningham. "Contact Mechanics of Soft Layer Artificial Hip Joints: Part 2: Application to Joint Design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 208, no. 4 (December 1994): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_290_02.
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In this paper, the general solutions previously obtained for the contact mechanics of a soft layer artificial hip joint have been applied to the design of such joints. In particular, simple power-law design formulae have been generated for the prediction of the contact radius and the maximum Tresca shear stress within the elastomeric layer, when the aspect ratio varied from 1 to 20 (which covered the entire range of the aspect ratio for soft layer artificial hip joints). The effects of the layer thickness, Young's modulus of the layer and the equivalent radius of the joint upon the contact area and the maximum Tresca shear stress have all been examined for physiological loading conditions which would be experienced by hip joint prostheses in the body. Furthermore, the shear strain field was calculated so that the level of strain expected for such joints under physiological loading conditions can be estimated. With these data, relevant fatigue tests can be devised to assess the long-term performance of any particular design of soft layer hip joint. Finally, the effect of the friction between articular surfaces upon the stress field within soft layers has been examined using a newly developed asymptotic analytical theory. It was shown that, for a low coefficient of friction, the maximum Tresca shear stress occurred at layer-substrate bonding interface. With an increase in the coefficient of friction, however, the maximum Tresca shear stress increased its magnitude and moved towards the centre of the contact area along the articular surface.
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Sun, Mingzhi, Gaojian Hu, Jianli Hu, Huanqing Zhang, Yu Li, Weiping Wang, and Guangbin Zhang. "Simulation Study on the Size Effect of Secant Modulus of Rocks Containing Rough Joints." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 15640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315640.
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The secant modulus reflects the ability of rocks to resist deformation, and it is mostly used to evaluate rock strength and deformation evolution. Due to the existence of rough joints in rocks, the secant modulus changes according to rock size. Therefore, it is very important to effectively obtain the secant modulus to evaluate rough-jointed rock deformation. In this paper, the regression analysis method is used, and 25 sets of simulation models are set up to discuss the influence of joint roughness and rock size on the rock secant modulus. The research shows that the secant modulus increases exponentially with the increase in rock size, and it increases as a power function with the increase in joint roughness. The characteristic size of the secant modulus increases exponentially with the increase in joint roughness, also as a power function. This paper gives the specific forms of these four relationships. The establishment of these relationships enables the prediction and calculation of the secant modulus and provides guidance for rock deformation analysis.
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Xia, Wenjia, Qihe Shan, Geyang Xiao, Yonggang Tu, and Yuan Liang. "Distributed Optimization of Joint Seaport-All-Electric-Ships System under Polymorphic Network." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 11, 2022): 9914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169914.
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As a result of the trend towards auto intelligence and greening of vehicles and with the concept of polymorphic network being put forward, the power transmission mode between seaports and all-electric ships (AESs) is likely to be converted to “peer-to-peer” transmission. According to practical shore power systems and carbon trade mechanisms, an advanced peer-to-peer power dispatching model-joint seaport-AESs microgrid(MG) system has been proposed in the paper. The joint seaport–AES system model is proposed to minimize the total operational cost of power production and marketing, including distributed generation (DG) cost, electricity trading cost, and carbon emissions, and the boundary conditions are given as well. A parameter projection distributed optimization (PPDO) algorithm is utilized to solve the distributed optimization power operation planning of the proposed joint seaport–AES MG system under a polymorphic network and to guarantee the precision of power dispatching, which compensates for the insufficiency of the computing power. Finally, a case study of a five-node polymorphic joint seaport-AESs system is conducted. The feasibility of the parameter projection approach and the peer-to-peer power dispatching model are verified via the convergence of all the agents within the constraint sets.
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Coleman, Mathew. "US Immigration Law and its Geographies of Social Control: Lessons from Homosexual Exclusion during the Cold War." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 26, no. 6 (January 1, 2008): 1096–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d8508.
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Despite its preoccupation with issues of space, power, and subjectivity, as well as being a prominent home for immigration-related scholarship, geography includes little research on the intersection of immigration and sexuality as well as on their joint regulation through immigration law. This paper looks at the intersection of immigration and sexuality through the lens of the Cold War practice of homosexual exclusion in US immigration law. By drawing linkages between homosexual exclusion and current immigration law, I argue that homosexual exclusion is not an aberrant part of US immigration law history, that immigration law has important social control functions, and that, as a result, immigration researchers in geography attend to immigration control beyond border enforcement per se.
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Nguyen Quang Thieu and V. V. Markov. "Rational control laws asynchronous electric traction." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 5, no. 1 (January 10, 2011): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-69863.
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The paper considers the optimal control laws for asynchronous traction electric motors to minimize various types of losses, minimize consumption of active and reactive power, maximum overload capacity. The authors established that the joint management of the maximum torque and minimum total losses in the motor is most efficient traction control law for asynchronous traction electric motors.
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Gao, Chao, Haodong Liang, and Xiaofeng Li. "Joint measurements of optical parameters by irradiance scintillation and angle-of-arrival fluctuations." Open Physics 16, no. 1 (July 9, 2018): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2018-0053.
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AbstractA method for joint measuring the power law exponent and the structure constant of atmospheric turbulence is proposed and examined. The measurements are equivalent to solve the simultaneous equations formed by the irradiance scintillation index and the angle-of-arrival fluctuations variance, where the measured parameters are regarded as the unknowns. The measured error analysis is also presented. Based on our proposed method, the measured results accord with the daily trend of atmospheric turbulence.
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Bondarenko, O. F. "Coordination of welding pulse parameters with electrode pressure program and electrophysical processes in welding contact." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 5-6 (2019): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2019.5-6.51.
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Resistance welding is an important technological operation for many modern industries, including mechanical engineering, electronics and instrument making. Micro resistance welding is used in producing of micro-structures for critical purposes, such as electronic components, circuits, etc. It is obvious that welded joints in such structures should be characterized by such high quality indicators as the absence of solid metal splashes, burnouts, faulty fusions, and the repetitiveness of dimensions of welding spots, which are achieved by coordinating the parameters of welding current pulses with electrophysical processes in welding contact. Thus, in this paper, the authors analyze electrophysical processes taking place in the welding contact and the effect of the welding current pulse parameters on these processes, in order to mutually coordinate them. This allows specifying the law of pulse power change, which makes it possible to take into account the features of electrophysical processes in the welding contact to the full extent. The smooth rise of the pulse power, obtained according to the exponent law with selection of the optimal exponent n value, provides gradual input of energy required for welding during the most unstable phase of primary contact formation. Due to the flat top of the welding pulse, the constant energy input to the contact is maintained during a rather stable phase of welding core formation. Finally, the smooth pulse fall obtained by selecting the optimal exponent m value of the power change law provides the proper cooling of the welding spot, which guarantees the strength and uniformity of the joint structure. To achieve the best welding quality, the recommendations are given regarding the formation of rise and fall of the pulse, depending on specific welding conditions, parameters of the welded parts and requirements for the obtained joints. The paper shows that it is a useful practice to coordinate the pulse power change law with the program of changing the pressure of the electrodes, and with changing the resistance of the welding zone. The proposed example of coordination between welding pulse power change, welding electrode pressure and electrophysical processes in the welding contact (resistance of the welding zone) is substantiated in terms of the influence of the electrode pressure on the welding process. This practice can provide the highest quality of welded joints and thus the highest quality of the end products manufactured by welding.
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KOWSER, Md Arefin, Yoshio ARAI, and Wakako ARAKI. "An Iteration Method for Singular Fields around an Interface Edge of Elastic/Power-Law Hardening Materials Joint." Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering 4, no. 7 (2010): 1040–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmmp.4.1040.
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Chedad, A., and N. Elmeiche. "Interfacial stresses analysis of FGM porous structures bonded with FRP plates." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 01094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814901094.
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This paper presents a method for determining the interfacial stresses in an adhesive joint between a strengthening plate and a functionally graded beam. The beam is assumed to be isotropic with a constant poisson’s ratio. The present method is based on the deformation compatibility principle taking into account the neutral axis position of the FG beam. A power law for the distribution of the mechanical characteristic with a uniform and non-uniform porosity distribution is presented. A parametric study is presented to show the effect of some parameters on the distribution of stresses in the adhesive joint between the plat and the beam.
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Ortino, Matteo. "The Case for Truly Independent EU Regulatory Authorities in the Field of Financial Regulation." European Business Law Review 29, Issue 3 (June 1, 2018): 465–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2018018.
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In the wake of the financial crisis, the European Union established the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS), a ‘hub and spoke’ network of national and Union supervisory authorities, aimed at ensuring a stable and single Union financial market for financial services by linking national supervisors within a strong Union network. The ESFS is composed of three European Supervisory Authorities, as well as a Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities and an European Systemic Risk Board. This article makes two arguments. The first is that the European Supervisory Authorities should be reformed. In order to work more effectively they should possess final regulatory and supervisory powers and, more generally, a higher degree of independence. The second claim is that EU Treaties allow such reforms, provided that they meet the constitutional requirements concerning the delegation of power as clarified in the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
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Wolpert, D. H., and J. W. Bono. "Predicting Behavior in Unstructured Bargaining with a Probability Distribution." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 46 (April 8, 2013): 579–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3662.
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In experimental tests of human behavior in unstructured bargaining games, typically many joint utility outcomes are found to occur, not just one. This suggests we predict the outcome of such a game as a probability distribution. This is in contrast to what is conventionally done (e.g, in the Nash bargaining solution), which is predict a single outcome. We show how to translate Nash's bargaining axioms to provide a distribution over outcomes rather than a single outcome. We then prove that a subset of those axioms forces the distribution over utility outcomes to be a power-law distribution. Unlike Nash's original result, our result holds even if the feasible set is finite. When the feasible set is convex and comprehensive, the mode of the power law distribution is the Harsanyi bargaining solution, and if we require symmetry it is the Nash bargaining solution. However, in general these modes of the joint utility distribution are not the experimentalist's Bayes-optimal predictions for the joint utility. Nor are the bargains corresponding to the modes of those joint utility distributions the modes of the distribution over bargains in general, since more than one bargain may result in the same joint utility. After introducing distributional bargaining solution concepts, we show how an external regulator can use them to optimally design an unstructured bargaining scenario. Throughout we demonstrate our analysis in computational experiments involving flight rerouting negotiations in the National Airspace System. We emphasize that while our results are formulated for unstructured bargaining, they can also be used to make predictions for noncooperative games where the modeler knows the utility functions of the players over possible outcomes of the game, but does not know the move spaces the players use to determine those outcomes.
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Sinan, Saif, Raouf Fareh, Sadeque Hamdan, Maarouf Saad, and Maamar Bettayeb. "Modified power rate sliding mode control for robot manipulator based on particle swarm optimization." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v11i2.pp168-180.
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This work suggests an optimized improved power rate sliding mode control (PRSMC) to control a 4-degrees of freedom (DOF) manipulator in joint space as well as workspace. The proposed sliding mode control (SMC) aims to improve the reaching mode and to employ an optimization method to tune the control parameters that operate the robotic manipulator adaptively. Inverse kinematics is used to obtain the joint desired angles from the end effector desired position, while forward kinematics is used to obtain the real Cartesian position and orientation of the end effector from the real joint angles. The proposed enhancements to the SMC involve the use of the hyperbolic tangent function in the control law to improve the reaching mode. Added to that, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to tune the parameters of the improved SMC. Furthermore, the Lyapunov function is utilized to analyze the stability of the closed-loop system. The proposed enhanced sliding mode combined with the optimization method is applied experimentally on a 4-DOF manipulator to prove the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed controller. Finally, the performance of the suggested control scheme is compared with the conventional power rate SMC in order to demonstrate the enhanced performance of the suggested method.
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Klicheva, E. V., and V. I. Perov. "Practice of Municipal Control and Account Bodies Interaction in Conducting External Municipal Finance Control." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 4 (July 29, 2018): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2018-4-87-93.
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The article studies the practice of municipal control and account bodies interaction in conducting external municipal control. The information about agreements on interaction and cooperation with such structures as control and account and finance bodies, law-enforcement bodies, other territorial divisions of federal bodies of power, bodies of power of entities of the Russian Federation and municipal formations was summarized and analyzed. Interaction of municipal control and account bodies is carried out at all stages of work, starting with planning and exchange of necessary information and finishing with sending the results of control and expert-analytical procedures to lawenforcement bodies and other concerned bodies so that steps within their competence can be taken. Within the frames of the said agreements joint meetings, conferences, round table discussions are conducted; employees of the control and account bodies are invited by law-enforcement bodies for participation in control procedures or rendering practical help; municipal control and account bodies send to law-enforcement bodies materials of control procedures so that steps within their competence can be taken; joint control and expert-analytical procedures with other control bodies are carried out; methodological aid on the part of control and account bodies of entities of the Russian Federation is rendered. To exchange experience control and account bodies take part in joint commissions, ad hoc groups, counsils. The authors put forward proposals aimed at improvement of the system of interaction of municipal control and account bodies with different organizations within the frames of their competences in order to raise the efficiency of external municipal finance control, which implies the decrease in corruption risks and provision of effective use of budget funds.