Relevant bibliographies by topics / Joint forces

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Joint forces'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Joint forces"

1

Harl, Boštjan. "Probabilistic behaviour of joints on joint forces in mechanisms." Tehnicki vjesnik - Technical Gazette 22, no. 1 (2015): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17559/tv-20131023220214.

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Zhou, Dongbo, Kotaro Tadano, and Daisuke Haraguchi. "Motion Control and External Force Estimation of a Pneumatically Driven Multi-DOF Robotic Forceps." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113679.

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Robotic forceps with a rigid-link joint mechanism is orthodox for current robotic-assisted surgery systems. However, external force estimation without force sensors during operations is difficult for such electrically driven forceps. This work introduces a pneumatically driven multi-DOF (DOF: degree of freedom) forceps using a rigid-link mechanism with less interference of the wire drive between joints and realizes external force estimation by utilizing high back-drivability of pneumatic cylinders. We developed a position controller with dynamic compensation of the mechanical friction, in which the rotational angles of the three movable joints of the forceps are independently controlled. Moreover, we designed an external force observer in the position controller by applying the disturbance observer scheme. The results of the performance evaluation experiments are as follows. First, in the joint position control experiments, smooth and stable controllability is confirmed for sinusoidal reference inputs with the mean absolute errors of less than 2°. The resolution of the joint position control is approximately 1° for the response of step increasing reference inputs, which is acceptable for laparoscopic surgery. Second, the external force observer can correctly estimate the translational and the grasping forces with less than 20% errors of the maximum output forces. The practical sensitivities of the external force estimation are better than 0.5 N for translational forces and 0.2 N for grasping forces. The achieved performance of the developed forceps can be applicable for interactive force control in some particular surgical tasks such as suturing, ligation, organ traction and exclusion.
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Schreck, Michael J., Meghan Kelly, Colin D. Canham, and John C. Elfar. "Techniques of Force and Pressure Measurement in the Small Joints of the Wrist." HAND 13, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944716688529.

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Background: The alteration of forces across joints can result in instability and subsequent disability. Previous methods of force measurements such as pressure-sensitive films, load cells, and pressure-sensing transducers have been utilized to estimate biomechanical forces across joints and more recent studies have utilized a nondestructive method that allows for assessment of joint forces under ligamentous restraints. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to explore the numerous biomechanical methods utilized to estimate intra-articular forces. Results: Methods of biomechanical force measurements in joints are reviewed. Conclusions: Methods such as pressure-sensitive films, load cells, and pressure-sensing transducers require significant intra-articular disruption and thus may result in inaccurate measurements, especially in small joints such as those within the wrist and hand. Non-destructive methods of joint force measurements either utilizing distraction-based joint reaction force methods or finite element analysis may offer a more accurate assessment; however, given their recent inception, further studies are needed to improve and validate their use.
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Christian ; Anastasia Maurina, Kenny. "EVALUASI SAMBUNGAN MUR-BAUT STRUKTUR PORTAL TRUSS “THE GREAT HALL” OBI ECO CAMPUS - JATILUHUR." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 2, no. 03 (July 5, 2018): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v2i03.2949.317-334.

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Abstract- Bolt joint is one of the common joineries in a modern bamboo construction. The usage of the bolt joints in bamboo joinery are believed to be the most efficient therefore the bolt joint was used regardless of the various kind of different forces in every bamboo joinery. One of the disadvantage of the bolt joints in bamboo construction in the force that flow parallel to the bamboo fibers therefore some of joineries needed to be strengthen to prevent the joinery failure. The Great Hall OBI Eco Campus is one of the building which the joineries entirely connected by the bolt joints, through different forces in every joinery some of the joinery in the building are strengthen by rope. The bolt joints have many other combinations to strengthen the joinery that could be an option, they are bolt joint with clamping and with mortar injection. Key Words: Bolt Joint, parallel forcee to the bamboo fiber, strengthen by rope, “The Great Hall” OBI Eco Campus, Clamping, Mortar Injection
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Witte, Hartmut, Jutta Biltzinger, Rémi Hackert, Nadja Schilling, Manuela Schmidt, Christian Reich, and Martin S. Fischer. "Torque patterns of the limbs of small therian mammals during locomotion on flat ground." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 9 (May 1, 2002): 1339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.9.1339.

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SUMMARY In three species of small therian mammals (Scandentia: Tupaia glis, Rodentia: Galea musteloides and Lagomorpha: Ochotona rufescens) the net joint forces and torques acting during stance phase in the four kinematically relevant joints of the forelimbs (scapular pivot,shoulder joint, elbow joint, wrist joint) and the hindlimbs (hip joint, knee joint, ankle joint, intratarsal joint) were determined by inverse dynamic analysis. Kinematics were measured by cineradiography (150 frames s-1). Synchronously ground reaction forces were acquired by forceplates. Morphometry of the extremities was performed by a scanning method using structured illumination. The vector sum of ground reaction forces and weight accounts for most of the joint force vector. Inertial effects can be neglected since errors of net joint forces amount at most to 10 %. The general time course of joint torques is comparable for all species in all joints of the forelimb and in the ankle joint. Torques in the intratarsal joints differ between tailed and tail-less species. The torque patterns in the knee and hip joint are unique to each species. For the first time torque patterns are described completely for the forelimb including the scapula as the dominant propulsive segment. The results are compared with the few torque data available for various joints of cats(Felis catus), dogs (Canis lupus f. familiaris),goats (Capra sp.) and horses (Equus przewalskii f. caballus).
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Chen, Chao, Huiyang Zhang, Hao Peng, Xiangkun Ran, and Qing Pan. "Investigation of the Restored Joint for Aluminum Alloy." Metals 10, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010097.

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In recent years, the mechanical clinching method plays an increasingly important role in the building of thin-walled structures. The clinched joint can be employed to join the lightweight materials. Compared with other joining methods, the clinched joint has better mechanical behavior. However, the clinched joint may be deformed during use when it bears a high shear force. In this research, a process to join aluminum alloy and restore deformed joint was proposed and investigated. The clinched joint was deformed in the deforming process. Then, a customized rivet and two flat restoring tools were utilized for restoring the deformed joint to join aluminum alloy. Different restoring forces such as 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, and 20 kN were employed to produce diverse restored joints. Some shearing tests on the restored joint were utilized for understanding joint material flow, mode of failure, thickness of neck, shear strength, and absorption of energy. The thickness of neck can be increased in restoring process, which contributes to improve the shear strength. The rivet embedded in a pit also helps restored joint bear shear force, so all of the restored joints have higher absorption of energy and shear strength than the clinched joints. The restoring process effectively restores the deformed joint to obtain better mechanical behavior.
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Breloff, Scott P., and Li-Shan Chou. "THREE-DIMENSIONAL MULTI-SEGMENTED SPINE JOINT REACTION FORCES DURING COMMON WORKPLACE PHYSICAL DEMANDS/ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 29, no. 04 (August 2017): 1750025. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237217500259.

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Objective: The quantification of inter-segmental spine joint reaction forces during common workplace physical demands. Background: Many spine reaction force models have focused on the L5/S1 or L4/L5 joints to quantify the vertebral joint reaction forces. However, the L5/S1 or L4/L5 approach neglects most of the intervertebral joints. Methods: The current study presents a clinically applicable and noninvasive model which calculates the spinal joint reaction forces at six different regions of the spine. Subjects completed four ambulatory activities of daily living: level walking, obstacle crossing, stair ascent, and stair descent. Results: Peak joint spinal reaction forces were compared between tasks and spine regions. Differences existed in the bodyweight normalized vertical joint reaction forces where the walking (8.05[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3.19[Formula: see text]N/kg) task had significantly smaller peak reaction forces than the stair descent (12.12[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]1.32[Formula: see text]N/kg) agreeing with lower extremity data comparing walking and stair descent tasks. Conclusion: This method appears to be effective in estimating the joint reaction forces using a segmental spine model. The results suggesting the main effect of peak reactions forces in the segmental spine can be influenced by task.
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Mason, J. J., F. Leszko, T. Johnson, and R. D. Komistek. "Patellofemoral joint forces." Journal of Biomechanics 41, no. 11 (August 2008): 2337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.04.039.

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Schindler, H. J., S. Rues, J. C. Türp, K. Schweizerhof, and J. Lenz. "Jaw Clenching: Muscle and Joint Forces, Optimization Strategies." Journal of Dental Research 86, no. 9 (September 2007): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910708600907.

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Realistic masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint forces generated during bilateral jaw clenching are largely unknown. To determine which clenching directions load masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints most heavily, we investigated muscle and joint forces based on feedback-controlled electromyograms of all jaw muscles, lines of action, geometrical data from the skull, and physiological cross-sectional areas acquired from the same individuals. To identify possible motor control strategies, we applied objective functions. The medial pterygoid turned out to be the most heavily loaded muscle for all bite directions. Biting with accentuated horizontal force components provoked the highest loading within the medial and lateral pterygoids. The largest joint forces were also found for these bite directions. Conversely, the lowest joint forces were detected during vertical biting. Additionally, joint forces with a clear posterior orientation were found. Optimization strategies with the elastic energy as objective function revealed the best fit with the calculated results.
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Usherwood, James R., and Michael C. Granatosky. "Limb work and joint work minimization reveal an energetic benefit to the elbows-back, knees-forward limb design in parasagittal quadrupeds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1940 (December 9, 2020): 20201517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1517.

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Quadrupedal animal locomotion is energetically costly. We explore two forms of mechanical work that may be relevant in imposing these physiological demands. Limb work, due to the forces and velocities between the stance foot and the centre of mass, could theoretically be zero given vertical limb forces and horizontal centre of mass path. To prevent pitching, skewed vertical force profiles would then be required, with forelimb forces high in late stance and hindlimb forces high in early stance. By contrast, joint work—the positive mechanical work performed by the limb joints—would be reduced with forces directed through the hip or shoulder joints. Measured quadruped kinetics show features consistent with compromised reduction of both forms of work, suggesting some degree of, but not perfect, inter-joint energy transfer. The elbows-back, knees-forward design reduces the joint work demand of a low limb-work, skewed, vertical force profile. This geometry allows periods of high force to be supported when the distal segment is near vertical, imposing low moments about the elbow or knee, while the shoulder or hip avoids high joint power despite high moments because the proximal segment barely rotates—translation over this period is due to rotation of the distal segment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Joint forces"

1

Walker, Daniel R. "The Organization and Training of Joint Task Forces." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : Air University Research Coordinator Office, 1998. http://www.au.af.mil/au/database/research/ay1995/saas/walkerdr.htm.

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Thesis (M.M.A.S.)--School of Advanced Airpower Studies, 1995.
Subject: Examines the organization, training, doctrine, and experience of joint task forces within each of the five geographically tasked unified commands. Cover page date: June 1995. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Whitlock, Joseph E. "Modeling obstacles and engineer forces in stochastic joint theater models." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA305967.

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Allen, James Brandon. "Estimating Uncertainties in the Joint Reaction Forces of Construction Machinery." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33046.

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In this study we investigate the propagation of uncertainties in the input forces through a mechanical system. The system of interest was a wheel loader, but the methodology developed can be applied to any multibody systems. The modeling technique implemented focused on efficiently modeling stochastic systems for which the equations of motion are not available. The analysis targeted the reaction forces in joints of interest.

The modeling approach developed in this thesis builds a foundation for determining the uncertainties in a Caterpillar 980G II wheel loader. The study begins with constructing a simple multibody deterministic system. This simple mechanism is modeled using differential algebraic equations in Matlab. Next, the model is compared with the CAD model constructed in ProMechanica. The stochastic model of the simple mechanism is then developed using a Monte Carlo approach and a Linear/Quadratic transformation method. The Collocation Method was developed for the simple case study for both Matlab and ProMechanica models.

Thus, after the Collocation Method was validated on the simple case study, the method was applied to the full 980G II wheel loader in the CAD model in ProMechanica.

This study developed and implemented an efficient computational method to propagate computational method to propagate uncertainties through â black-boxâ models of mechanical systems. The method was also proved to be reliable and easier to implement than traditional methods.
Master of Science

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Lyons, Percie Jewell. "Effects of Hip Osteoarthritis on Lower Extremity Joint Contact Forces." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104968.

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People with osteoarthritis (OA) suffer from joint degeneration and pain as well as difficulty performing daily activities. Joint contact forces (JCF) are important for understanding individual joint loading, however, these contact force cannot be directly measured without instrumented implants. Musculoskeletal modeling is a tool for estimating JCF without the need for surgery. The results from these models can be very different due to different approaches used in the development of a model that was used for simulation. Therefore, the first purpose of this study was to develop and validate a musculoskeletal model in which lower extremity JCF were calculated at the hip, knee, and ankle in 10 participants with hip OA (H-OA) and 10 healthy control participants using OpenSim 4.0 [simtk.org, 23]. The generic gait2392 model was scaled to participant demographics, then the inverse kinematics (IK) solution and kinetic data were input into the Residual Reduction Algorithm (RRA) to reduce modeling errors. Kinematic solutions from RRA were used in the Computed Muscle Control (CMC) tool to compute muscle forces, then JCF were estimated using the Joint Reaction Analysis tool. Validation included JCF comparisons to published data of similar participant samples during level walking, and movement simulation quality was assessed with residual forces and moments applied at the pelvis, joint reserve actuators, and kinematic tracking errors. The computed JCFs were similar to the overall trends of published JCF results from similar participant samples, however the values of the computed JCFs were anywhere from 0.5 times body weight (BW) to 3BW larger than those in published studies. Simulation quality assessment resulted in low residual forces and moments, and low tracking errors. Most of the reserve actuators were small as well, besides pelvis rotation and hip rotation. The computed JCF were then used in the second portion of this study to determine the effect of group and side on JCF during both the weight acceptance and push-off phases of level walking. It was determined that there was a significant difference in the knee and ankle JCF during the weight acceptance portion of stance phase and at all joints during the push-off phase when comparing the H-OA and control groups on the affected limb. A significant interaction between group and limb was found for the peak hip JCF timing (% stance) during the push-off portion of the stance phase (p=0.009). These results demonstrate that H-OA participants experience an earlier peak hip JCF during propulsion on their affected limb. Based on previous research in OA that has examined spatiotemporal measures, this finding suggests that H-OA participants may use step or stride length changes as a strategy to decrease or limit pain and loading on the affected limb. Knowledge of potential JCF differences in H-OA participants, such as timing of the peaks in either portion of the stance phase, could provide useful insight to clinicians and therapists to make decisions on how to proceed with treatment or rehabilitation programs.
Master of Science
People with osteoarthritis suffer from joint degeneration and pain as well as difficulty performing daily activities, like walking. It is important to understand the forces and loading within individual joints. Musculoskeletal modeling is one way that researchers can estimate these joint contact forces (JCF) without needing a joint replacement implant that can measure these forces. When it comes to modeling simulations, there is a wide variety of results. Therefore, the first purpose of this study was to develop and validate a musculoskeletal model in which JCFs were calculated at the hip, knee, and ankle in 10 participants with hip osteoarthritis and 10 healthy adults. Validation of the model was completed through a comparison between computed results and published data of similar participant samples during level walking. The computed results were similar to the overall trends of published JCF results, however the numerical values themselves were larger than those in published studies. The computed JCFs were then used in the second portion of this study to determine how the two groups and limbs differ during level walking. There was a significant difference in the knee and ankle JCF during the first half of the stance phase and in all joints during the second half of stance when comparing the two groups. The hip osteoarthritis participants also experience an earlier peak hip JCF during the second half of stance phase on their affected limb. This finding suggests that hip osteoarthritis participants may change the way they take a step as a strategy to decrease or limit pain and loading on the affected limb. Knowledge of potential JCF differences, such as timing of the peaks in either portion of the stance phase, could provide useful insight to clinicians and therapists to make decisions on how to proceed with treatment or rehabilitation programs.
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Stansfield, Benedict William. "Hip joint forces : hip joint forces of 40 to 60 year old normal and total hip replacement subjects during walking and stair, ramp and camber negotiation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21141.

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To design and test hip joint prosthesis it is essential to know the magnitude and character of forces that may be applied to them in-vivo. For this thesis the hip joint forces of 40 to 60 year old subjects (five male and six female normal subjects and five male hip replacement) were studied. To allow the calculation of hip joint forces data from three-dimensional motion analysis and force plates were applied to a model of the lower limb. The model included the hip, knee and talocrural joints with 3 hip, 8 knee and 8 ankle joint forces, 4 knee ligaments and 47 muscle elements. A double linear optimisation technique (first minimising the maximum muscle stress then minimising the sum of the forces in the force bearing structures) was applied to solve the redundancy problem of force distribution in the muscles. Walking and stair, ramp and camber negotiation were characterised. Ground reaction forces, joint angles, intersegmental forces and moments, joint and ligament forces and muscle forces are presented. Muscle forces predictions were in general agreement with those in the literature, although the model was not capable of correctly distributing forces in the vasti or in the ankle only muscles as patella and talocalcaneonavicular joint equilibria were not included. In general, hip replacement subjects demonstrated lower hip joint forces than normal subjects. The range of maximum resultant hip joint forces for all activities was 3.04 to 11.85 for male normal subjects, 4.18 to 11.50 for female normal subjects, 3.73 to 6.81 and 2.21 to 8.77 for male hip replacement subjects for their natural and replaced sides respectively. The results presented define in three dimensions the hip joint forces in both pelvic and femoral axes systems and thus characterise the probable in-vivo requirements of hip joint prostheses during performance of the activities studied.
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Emanuel, Taylor C. "Gunship Diplomacy : carrier based close air support for joint expeditionary forces." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30812.

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This study examines whether current and future strategy, doctrine, and programmed systems are suitable to perform fire support and specifically, close air support (CAS)and close air support/troops-in-contact (CAS/TIC) missions for joint expeditionary warfare. Naval forces will provide the "enabling" power for this new come-as-you-are environment. To offset reductions in organic fire support, more frequent and sustained application of CAS and CAS/TIC will be required by joint expeditionary forces. To comparatively analyze selected CAS platforms, the study uses four air-to-ground measures of merit (MOM); (1) target detection/recognition; (2) lethality; (3) survivability; and (4) combat persistence. The results paint and bleak picture of current capability. Therefore, a Carrier-Based Gunship (CBG) concept is presented to fill this void. The concept is more important than the selection of one particular platform. For illustrative purposes, three CBG candidates were evaluated using AC-130 gunship systems and employment as a guide coupled with the four MOM as the baseline. The CBG would be situated on a forward-deployed carrier, close enough to the objective area to provide sustained CAS/TIC support for joint expeditionary forces.
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Benoit, Daniel L. "Motion analysis of the knee : kinematic artifacts, EMG normalisation and joint forces /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-357-4/.

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Charlton, Iain W. "A model for the prediction of the forces at the glenohumeral joint." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407867.

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Lloyd, John P. "Developing a Joint Engineer Headquarters for the JTF Commander." Ft. Belvoir : Defense Technical Information Center, 2007. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA468869.

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Anisuzzaman, Muhammad. "Dynamics analysis of anterior-posterior forces in the knee joint during normal walking." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83849.

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The temporal pattern of the anterior-posterior force acting at the human knee joint during walking is determined in the present study. A three-dimensional anatomically based dynamics model, which includes the bones and the muscles working across the knee joint, is developed and the redundant inverse dynamics problem is formulated. The muscle redundancy is resolved by reducing the number of unknowns based on certain logical assumptions. In addition, a parametric study is conducted to study the effect of antagonistic muscle activity on the joint force. The developed dynamics model is then exercised to calculate the anterior-posterior knee joint force for normal and ACL-deficient knees. The anterior-posterior knee joint force obtained from the normal knee analysis indicates that a posterior force is present for the majority of the gait cycle with a maximum force of 0.25 BW (body weight), whereas anterior force acts shortly after the beginning of the stance phase reaching a maximum of 0.4 BW. Among the muscles working across the knee joint, the quadriceps, gastrocnemius and the tensor fascia latae produce an anterior force at the knee joint whereas the hamstrings, sartorius and the graclilis generate a posterior force. For the ACL-deficient knee, the results reveal that it is possible for patients to adapt to the injury by changing their walking pattern to avoid or minimize quadriceps activation in the stance phase, thus reducing or entirely avoiding the anterior force at the knee joint. The study also reveals that it is necessary to strengthen the hamstring muscles for the rehabilitation of the ACL-deficient knee patients to reduce the anterior force at the knee joint.
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Books on the topic "Joint forces"

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Catherine, Mann. Joint Forces. Toronto, Ontario: Silhouette, 2010.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Joint forces. New York, NY: Silhouette Books, 2004.

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Defence, Great Britain Ministry of. Joint forces: Modern battlewinning armed forces. [London]: Ministry of Defence, 1999.

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Anand, Vinod. Joint vision for the Indian armed forces. New Delhi: Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses, 2001.

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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint warfare of the US Armed Forces. Washington, D.C: National Defense University Press, 1991.

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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint task force heaquarters. [Washington, D.C.]: Joint Chiefs of Staff, 2007.

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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint task force heaquarters. [Washington, D.C.]: Joint Chiefs of Staff, 2007.

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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint task force heaquarters. [Washington, D.C.]: Joint Chiefs of Staff, 2007.

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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint doctrine for mobilization planning. [Washington, D.C.?]: Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1995.

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United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint doctrine for mobilization planning. [Washington, D.C.?]: Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Joint forces"

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Hartley, Keith. "The Economics of Joint Forces." In The Changing Face of Military Power, 201–15. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230502161_10.

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Weaver, John Michael. "Joint Forces Training Centre (JFTC)." In NATO in Contemporary Times, 171–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68731-1_14.

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Chalupa, Marek, Jan Strejček, and Martina Vitovská. "Joint Forces for Memory Safety Checking." In Model Checking Software, 115–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94111-0_7.

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Welsh, William O. "United States Joint Forces Command: As Wicked Problem." In Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, 183–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5515-4_11.

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Pozza, Gianfranco, Federico Di Santo, and Maurizio Russo. "Energy Saving: Technology Makes the Difference, Joint Forces Make Technology." In Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems, 418–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55475-9_60.

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Villegas, Claudio, Mathias Hüsing, and Burkhard Corves. "Dynamic Synthesis of a Crank-Rocker Mechanism Minimizing its Joint-Forces." In Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, 3167–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_312.

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Behrens, B. A., G. Helms, M. Stolorz, H. Windhagen, P. Wefstaedt, and I. Nolte. "Determination of Hip Joint Forces by Means of Multi-body Simulation." In IFMBE Proceedings, 359–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03882-2_95.

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Streicher, Alexander, Daniel Szentes, and Alexander Gundermann. "Game-Based Training for Complex Multi-institutional Exercises of Joint Forces." In Adaptive and Adaptable Learning, 497–502. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45153-4_49.

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Aralaguppi, Ramesh H., K. B. Siddesh, and Ashok N. Bade. "Joint Stiffness Estimation Between Spindle-Tool Holder by Considering Clamping Forces." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 593–607. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0550-5_59.

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Chen, Jingtao, Peter Mitrouchev, Sabine Coquillart, and Franck Quaine. "Magnitude Finger Forces Analysis During Simulating Pseudo-Haptic Spring." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 215–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_34.

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AbstractThis paper focuses on finger force magnitude analysis during stiffness discrimination task. In the frame of their Study and research work MS students from the Université Grenoble Alpes specially designed an experimental bench allowing to simulate a pseudo-haptic spring. Then, a series of stiffness discrimination tests between reals springs and a pseudo-haptic spring were performed. Finger pressing forces and students’ (subjects’) perception of spring stiffness were recorded and analyzed. The analysis of psychometric curves indicates that subjects underestimate the simulated stiffness of the pseudo-haptic spring. The results also indicate that the peak of finger force applied on pseudo-haptic spring increases as the simulated stiffness increases. Moreover, it was found that the relationships between the logarithm of stiffness and the finger force were linear for the real springs and the pseudo-haptic spring. Pseudo-haptics effect being provided by specially designed isometric force feedback device, the results of this study may be useful for computer-based rehabilitation tasks designed for motor disorder patients with muscle deficiency associated with limited joint movement range or for injured athletes in the process of rehabilitation.
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Conference papers on the topic "Joint forces"

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Marquis, Brian, and Robert Greif. "Dynamic Wheel-Rail Forces on Mismatched Joints With Ramps." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5734.

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The discontinuity between rail ends at a joint creates dynamic wheel-rail forces (i.e. high impact forces and wheel unloading) that can result in a range of problems including wear, deterioration, and early failure of the track structure, its components, and passing equipment. The response and magnitude of the dynamic wheel-rail forces generated at joints depend upon the form of the discontinuity (e.g. battered rail ends, ramps, gaps, mismatches, etc.) and the support condition. Joints with battered rail ends, which result from degradation due to repeated impact loading, have been extensively analyzed using closed form expressions developed by Jenkins [1] to estimate P1 and P2 impact forces. While appropriate for analyzing joints with battered rail ends, P1 and P2 forces are not directly applicable to other forms of discontinuity at joints such as mismatches in which the rail ends are offset vertically when installed. Under certain circumstances, railroads are introducing ramps (by grinding or welding) to reduce the mismatch discontinuity and produce a smoother transition in order to mitigate these dynamic wheel-rail forces. In this paper, analyses are conducted to estimate dynamic wheel-rail forces at joints having ramps and mismatches of various sizes using simplified models along with detailed NUCARS models for comparative purposes. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Track Safety Standards (49 CFR Part213) [2] limit the maximum mismatch at joints by Track Class in order to minimize the impact forces which deteriorate the track structure, its components, and equipment, and may ultimately lead to derailment. Parametric studies are conducted to examine the effects of ramp length, direction of travel, mismatch height, and equipment speed (track class). Plots of primary shock-response-spectrum (maximum impact force on the ramp), residual shock-response-spectrum (maximum impact force after the ramp), and minimum wheel force (i.e. wheel unloading) are developed to provide guidelines on ramp length (H-rule) in order to control the maximum force by track class.
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Schmitz, Anne, and Jaclyn Norberg. "Effect of Motion Type on Joint Contact Forces." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10980.

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Abstract Race walking has grown over the past decade because it provides exercise without the high impact loads of running. In fact, race walking has been shown to result in decreased ground reaction forces. We predict these lower ground reaction forces will extend to knee joint loading as well, thus explaining the decrease rate of knee osteoarthritis in race walkers compared to runners. This is a secondary analysis of instrumented motion capture data collected from fifteen competitive race walkers as they ran and race walked over a force plate. A Visual3D to OpenSim pipeline was used to create muscle actuated forward dynamics simulations of race walking and running. The resulting muscle forces were subsequently used to actuate a discrete element knee model to calculate joint forces. The peak tibiofemoral joint contact load during race walking was 18% lower than the load during running. This load was distributed between the medial and lateral compartments such that the medial load was 27% lower and the lateral load 35% lower in race walking. This suggests race walking is a lower impact exercise safer for the joints. This may be advantageous for people who would like to exercise at a higher intensity that walking provides but have joint problems, e.g. those with osteoarthritis.
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Winkler, Daniel A., Alex Beltran, Niloufar P. Esfahani, Paul P. Maglio, and Alberto E. Cerpa. "FORCES." In UbiComp '16: The 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971700.

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Mojaddarasil, Marzieh, and Mohammad Jafar Sadigh. "Joint Impact Forces of a Biped Walking on an Uneven Ground." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38293.

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This paper looks into the impact forces applied to the joints of a biped walking on an uneven surface. In this vein, impact dynamics of the swing leg are studied by considering a simple two-link planar manipulator model which comes in contact with the ground. The effect of different parameters and factors on the magnitude of the joint impact forces is investigated. Specifically, it is observed how the elasticity of the shoe, the leg configuration, and the muscular flexibility of the joints affect the joint impact forces. The obtained results can be of practical importance in developing bipedal robots and in the diagnosis and treatment of human gait issues related to joint problems.
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Thuemmel, Thomas, and Marc Brandl. "Active Balancing of Joint Forces in High-Speed Linkages by Redundant Drives and Learning Control." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/mech-1572.

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Abstract Critical loading and vibrations in high-speed linkages result from external forces at the output link and especially from varying inertia forces of irregular link motion. This paper deals with the active dynamic balancing of joint forces — Joint Force Control. Three possible balancing criterions indicated by joint forces are described: joint-stress, clearance-impact-noise and friction. Active balancing requires additional drives. The two theoretical cases of arranging actuators are compared: redundantly and with an additional degree of freedom. Using the preferred redundant drives the internal forces in the joints may be varied according to special aims while the normal drive of the given mechanism maintains the motion. An experimental setup consisting of a crank-and-rocker mechanism is used to study the control aim of a zero joint force at the crankshaft. The speed control of the original servo motor M1 is combined with the closed loop force control of the two redundant servo motors M2 and M3. Assuming a steady-state operation mode the learning control concept is applied successfully and compared with a digital PID force control. By learning control the time delay problem is solved. Furthermore the balancing of only one engine order is presented.
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GARRIS, C., K. TOH, and S. AMIN. "Flow induction by pressure forces." In 28th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-3571.

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Kurka, Paulo R. G., Alfredo H. V. Morillo, and Thais O. de Almeida. "Dynamic Forces in a Framebraced Cargo Wagon." In 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8070.

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Abstract This article presents a rigid bodies model of a railway wagon, with braces attached to its sideframes. The model is used to estimate the dynamic operational loads and geometric deformations of the sideframes. Yaw movements are analyzed during a curve, in the braced and unbraced conditions, showing the brace’s contribution to reduce warping deformation of the sideframes.
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Bassett, Daniel N., Qi Shao, Kurt Manal, and Thomas S. Buchanan. "Predicting Muscle Forces and Joint Moments Using Single Joint and Multi Joint EMG-Driven Models." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176689.

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The biomedical field thrives on computational devices. Clinicians, physical therapists, and researchers frequently use models as tools. The key to proper implementation of these tools is a good understanding of the limitations, advantages, and options available. Previous research on EMG-driven models demonstrated the ability of single joint models to predict joint moments with reasonable accuracy [1]. The advantage provided is the possibility of studying muscle and intersegmental forces in vivo.
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Lewis, Larry. "SABER operational evaluation - Situational awareness for joint forces." In Space Programs and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-3758.

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Maclay, Jordan, Jay Hammer, Rod Clark, Michael George, Lelon Sanderson, Rob Ilic, and Quinn Leonard. "Measurement of repulsive quantum vacuum forces." In 37th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-3359.

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Reports on the topic "Joint forces"

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JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF WASHINGTON DC. Joint Forces Capabilities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404560.

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Connaughton, Richard M. Organizing British Joint Rapid Reaction Forces (Joint Force Quarterly, Autumn 2000). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426696.

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Link, Charles D. 21ST Century Armed Forces - Joint Vision 2010 (Joint Force Quarterly, Autumn 1996). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426703.

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Zapanta, Albert C. Transforming Reserve Forces (Joint Forces Quarterly, Issue 36). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430391.

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Curlett, Paul A. Incorporating Joint Forces into the Air Force Aerospace Expeditionary Force. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402153.

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Becknell, Michael J. Joint Forces Air Component Commander Transition. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada325780.

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Bushman, John M. Standing Joint Task Forces: Resourcing Relics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada522695.

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Shanahan, Brian J. Joint Expeditionary Forces: A Step Beyond. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada348426.

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Tyacke, Lorraine E. A Study of Joint Transformation at United States Joint Forces Command. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404523.

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Rice, Carlos F. Space Forces Support for the Joint Forces Commander: Who's In Charge? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada378593.

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