Academic literature on the topic 'Job stress – Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Job stress – Australia"
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Diggens, Justine, and Therese Chesson. "Do factors of emotion-focussed patient care and communication impact job stress, satisfaction and burnout in radiation therapists?" Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 13, no. 1 (April 22, 2013): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146039691300006x.
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AbstractObjectivesTo investigate levels and sources of job stress, job satisfaction and burnout experienced by radiation therapists (RTs) in an Australian cancer hospital, and determine the factors of emotion-focussed patient care and communication that contribute to RTs’ stress and burnout.MethodsOne hundred and thirteen RTs working in a dedicated cancer hospital in Australia completed a self-report questionnaire.ResultsTwelve percent of RTs reported job stress while 73·5% reported job satisfaction in their current work roles. Up to 19% of RTs experienced burnout as measured on the Maslach Burnout Inventory scales. Emotion-focussed care and communication with patients was found to have links with job stress and burnout, but also with job reward and satisfaction. A range of organisational, personal and support factors were associated with RTs’ experiences, including training and confidence in emotion-focussed patient communication.ConclusionEmotion-focussed care and patient communication contributes to both job stress and burnout, as well as job satisfaction. RTs’ experience of job stress, satisfaction or burnout are likely to vary according to a range of personal, demographic and organisational factors.
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Chia, A. C. L., M. G. Irwin, P. W. H. Lee, T. H. W. Lee, and S. F. Man. "Comparison of Stress in Anaesthetic Trainees between Hong Kong and Victoria, Australia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 36, no. 6 (November 2008): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0803600617.
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A postal survey was sent to anaesthetic trainees in Hong Kong and Victoria, Australia to compare work-related stress levels. Demographic data were collected. Anaesthetist-specific stressors, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Global Job Satisfaction scores were used for psychological testing. The response rates from Hong Kong and Melbourne were 64 of 133 (48.1%) and 108 of 196 (55.1%), respectively. Victorian respondents were older with greater family commitments, but more advanced in fulfilling training requirements. Hong Kong respondents, being faced with both the challenge of dual College requirements, exhibited consistently higher indices of stress (P <0.001) and less job satisfaction (P <0.001). Common occupational stressors related to dealing with critically ill patients and medicolegal concerns. Higher stress scores observed in Hong Kong trainees related to service provision and a perceived lack of resources. Despite the complex nature of stress, its antecedents and manifestations, an inverse relationship between emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction was evident in correlation analysis (P <0.001). This survey suggests that stress was present in some trainees in both areas. Hong Kong trainees may benefit from local development to address mental wellbeing as being important to fulfil this highly competitive training program.
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Keegel, Tessa, Aleck Ostry, and Anthony D. LaMontagne. "Job strain exposures vs. stress-related workers’ compensation claims in Victoria, Australia: Developing a public health response to job stress." Journal of Public Health Policy 30, no. 1 (April 2009): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2008.41.
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Allan, Cameron, Michael O'Donnell, and David Peetz. "More Tasks, Less Secure, Working Harder: Three Dimensions of Labour Utilisation." Journal of Industrial Relations 41, no. 4 (December 1999): 519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569904100403.
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In many industrialised countries, there have been major changes in the pattern of labour utilisation in the 1980s and 1990s. The paper argues that in Australia labour utilisation has been changing in three key dimensions: job broadening, employ ment insecurity and work intensification. These changes are affecting both standard 'core' workers and non-standard 'peripheral' workers. Reviewing case study evidence and survey data from a federal Australian government study of workplace change, we analyse employee perceptions of these fomrs of labour utilisation. Employees are being affected by differing combinations of these changes and are experiencing higher stress levels, greater job insecurity and lower levels of satisfaction with the work/family balance.
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D'Aleo, Nina, Peter Stebbins, Roger Lowe, Danielle Lees, and David Ham. "Managing Workplace Stress: Psychosocial Hazard Risk Profiles in Public and Private Sector Australia." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 13, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jrc.13.2.68.
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AbstractThe present research examined the perceptions of Australian employees on dimensions of workplace stress. The sample included 664 male (n= 234) and female (n= 430) workers from the public (n= 559) and private (n= 105) sectors. Participants completed the Health and Safety Executive Indicator Tool as a measure of workplace stress. Results indicated that private sector employees rated their employers as being more effective in managing workplace stress, while employees in both sectors rated their employers as less effective in managing Job Content stressors than Job Context stressors. Compared with normative benchmarks, employees overall also reported risks of stress associated with Relationships and Role. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research were discussed.
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Mitchell, Anthony J. "Keeping the Plates Spinning: A Qualitative Study of Job Satisfaction and Occupational Stress Experienced by South Australian Rehabilitation Counsellors." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 3, no. 2 (1997): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200001460.
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The rapid development of the profession of rehabilitation counselling in Australia during the past decade has been accompanied by a high level of staff turnover. This qualitative study identifies the aspects of the work of rehabilitation counsellors that contribute to job satisfaction and occupational stress. The issues identified by subjects can be categorised as aspects of the rehabilitation systems and aspects of the employing organisation. It was concluded that employers of rehabilitation counsellors should develop strategies to enhance job satisfaction and minimise occupational stress in order to reduce staff turnover.
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Hung, Jia-Yi, Ron Fisher, Rod Gapp, and Geoff Carter. "Work-related stress impacts on the commitment of urban transit drivers." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 2 (March 2012): 220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200000961.
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AbstractThis study uses structural equation modeling to test a model hypothesizing the impacts of overload and non-participation on job strain, turnover and commitment of urban transit drivers. The study sample comprises 331 responses from transit drivers from bus companies in Australia. The results show that non-participation has a direct and negative impact on organizational commitment while role overload has a direct and positive influence on intent to leave. An unexpected finding is that while overload and non-participation have significant positive impacts on job strain, there is no significant relationship between strain and organizational commitment. The implications are that work-related stressors appear to influence the organizational commitment and intent to leave of transit drivers directly rather than indirectly through job strain. Role overload and non-participation have not often been considered in the context of the commitment and intent to leave in stressful occupations such as urban transit driving.
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Hung, Jia-Yi, Ron Fisher, Rod Gapp, and Geoff Carter. "Work-related stress impacts on the commitment of urban transit drivers." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 2 (March 2012): 220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2012.18.2.220.
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AbstractThis study uses structural equation modeling to test a model hypothesizing the impacts of overload and non-participation on job strain, turnover and commitment of urban transit drivers. The study sample comprises 331 responses from transit drivers from bus companies in Australia. The results show that non-participation has a direct and negative impact on organizational commitment while role overload has a direct and positive influence on intent to leave. An unexpected finding is that while overload and non-participation have significant positive impacts on job strain, there is no significant relationship between strain and organizational commitment. The implications are that work-related stressors appear to influence the organizational commitment and intent to leave of transit drivers directly rather than indirectly through job strain. Role overload and non-participation have not often been considered in the context of the commitment and intent to leave in stressful occupations such as urban transit driving.
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Treuren, Gerrit J. M., and Erich C. Fein. "Off-the-job embeddedness moderates work intensity on employee stress." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 10, no. 1 (October 22, 2021): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-01-2021-0015.
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PurposeWork intensity causes employee stress. This paper demonstrates that off-the-job embeddedness (OffJE), a potential source of social support resources, buffers the negative effect of work intensity on employee stress.Design/methodology/approachGuided by conservation of resources (COR) and job embeddedness theory (JET), this paper reports on the moderated regression analysis of the survey responses of 385 adult employees from a variety of industries in Queensland, Australia, using a student-recruited sampling strategy.FindingsHigher levels of work intensity were found to be associated with higher levels of employee stress. However, this effect was weaker for employees who had higher OffJE. In this sample, work intensity has no relationship with stress for employees who report OffJE beyond the 70th percentile.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates the positive role of outside workplace relationships embodied in OffJE on workplace employee experience, justifies employer work-life balance initiatives and community involvement, demonstrates the potential positive return for employer involvement in helping employees manage the experience of work intensity and contributes to the social support, COR and job embeddedness literature studies.
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Kamardeen, Imriyas. "Work stress related cardiovascular diseases among construction professionals." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 12, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 223–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-06-2021-0081.
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PurposeCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for one-third of global deaths. Work stress is a major risk factor for CVDs in the workforce. Construction professionals endure excessive work stress, yet their vulnerability to CVDs remains underexplored. The study investigated the prevalence of CVDs among construction professionals and its relationships to job stressors, stress coping methods and socio-demographics.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted among construction professionals in Australia wherein data related to job stressor experiences, stress management methods adopted, and incidents of CVDs were collected. Structural path analysis was conducted to discover associations.FindingsJunior level professionals reported higher incidents of angina and heart muscle weakening than others. Statistically significant positive associations were discovered between the reported CVDs, and job stressors such as excessive workload, unpredictable work hours, lack of support, discrimination and work–life conflict and negative stress coping methods such as consuming alcohol and/or drugs, emotional eating and aggression. However, no evidence was found to support the claim that demographic factors such as age and gender were also risk factors for CVDs.Originality/valueThe workers' compensation system provides financial protection to injured employees. It extends similar protection for work-related illnesses; however, it is more difficult to prove work-related causes for illnesses. The study provides scientific evidence to support the recognition of CVDs among construction professionals as work-related diseases, mediated by work stress.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Job stress – Australia"
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Jones, Nigel V. "Occupational stress, a cross-sectional and logitudinal analysis." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/953.
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This study investigated the presence of occupational stress among teachers. It did not set out to identify and explain variables associated with stress among teachers, rather the study focussed on the multitude of variables identified in the literature and sought to include these in a more extensive causal model. The study was conducted in two main stages. Firstly, a cross-sectional survey investigated the presence of stress among 230 teachers, as measured by Psychological Stress, Physical Health, Job Satisfaction and & desire to Leave their Job. The survey obtained information on stress outcome variables (Psychological Stress, Physical Health, Job Satisfaction and Wanting to Leave), biographical information, personality (Hardiness, Type A Behaviour, Locus of Control, Extraversion and Neuroticism), psycho-social variables, (Social Support, Problem Solving, Emotional Coping mechanisms and Self Esteem) and work and life stressors (Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, Job Responsibility, Job Future Ambiguity, Underutilization of Skill, Inequity of Pay, participation in Decision Making, Administrative Support, Relationships with Peers, Extra Work, Wanted Extra Work, Workload, Work Hours and major Life Events). Causal models using path analysis were then generated to account for the relationships found within the data. Secondly a longitudinal study over six months was conducted on 242 teachers. The causal models generated in the first study were re-tested on this second group of teachers, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Furthermore the importance of existing levels of stress in the prediction of future stress was assessed. Finally a three year follow up was conducted on the survey's participants. The results of the investigations revealed that:-(i) the utility of demographic information in the stress process was inconsistent. (ii) that among measures of work stressors there are replication and redundancies. (iii) that the different stress outcome measures had different predictors. (iv) that the best fitting causal models for the stress process were direct effect models. (v) that existing stress levels am an important factor in the prediction of future stress levels. (vi) that those teachers who indicated a desire to leave teaching and/or were experiencing psychological stress, were more likely to leave teaching three years later. (vii) that there is a need to standardize both the outcome and predictor variables used in stress research. The implications of these results were then discussed as were areas for future research.
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Lock, Graeme. "The prevalence and sources of perceived occupational stress among teachers in Western Australian government metropolitan primary schools." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1993. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1155.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and sources of self- reported occupational stress among primary school teachers in Western Australian Government schools. Five specific objectives form the basis of this study. First, the study develops an instrument which measures the perceived levels of occupational stress and reveals the sources of such stress. Second, the study applies this instrument to determine the perceived levels, and sources, of occupational stress among primary school teachers in metropolitan Perth. Third, the study investigates differences in the perceptions of stress and stressors when categorised by socio-biographical characteristics of teachers. Fourth, the study investigates the relationship between occupational stress and satisfaction. Fifth, path analysis techniques are used to test the adequacy of a stress-stressor model derived from a priori assumptions and temporal sequence. A qualitative meta-analysis reveals characteristics of the literature which discursive reviews may omit. Such characteristics include trends in research interest in the topic of teacher stress over time and geographical area, the balance between types of studies, the relationship between types of studies, aspects of teacher stress and geographical area, findings of the studies, and determining categories into which the findings can be examined. Definitions of stress and burnout, definitions of teacher stress and teacher burnout, reasons for concern about teacher stress and teacher burnout, the prevalence of stress in the teaching profession, sources of stress in the teaching profession, perceptions of stress and stressors when categorised by socio-biographical characteristics, and the relationship between stress and occupational satisfaction are the areas from which information is accessed for the literature review. Prior to the development of a conceptual framework, the purpose of such a framework is discussed. The conceptual framework itself is developed from two broad areas. These include teacher stress and corporate management theory. The role of and contribution made by the present study to each of these areas is explained. The methodology of the present study is discussed in six broad areas. These include the preparatory phase, the sampling procedure, development of the research instrument ethical considerations, data collection, and data analysis. The process of structural equation or causal modelling forms the final section of this chapter. The outcomes which emerged from the study are analysed in relation to both the quantitative and qualitative data obtained during the investigation. In respect to the former these outcomes include the prevalence of stress among the teachers who participated in the study, differences in the numbers of responses in stress level categories, the perceived sources of stress, the identification of stress factors, differences In responses to perceptions of stress and stress factors when categorised by socio-biographical characteristics, analyses of the multi-item scales used in research instrument, the relationship between occupational stress, satisfaction and attitude towards teaching, and the development of a causal model of teacher stress. The qualitative information is discussed initially in terms of the socio-biographical characteristics of the teachers who were interviewed, as well as their perceived levels of occupational stress and satisfaction. Other information which is examined includes the perceived attitude of the Ministry of Education and/or Government of Westem Australia towards teachers, the nature of the identified stressful events, the incremental nature of normally non-stressful events, assessment of the research instrument and other information obtained during the data collection phase. The study concludes by summarising the entire research process, making implications based on the findings and suggesting areas for further research.
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Noblet, Andrew, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Assessing the strain experienced by managers and professional Australian footballers using an augmented job strain model." Deakin University. Bowater School of Management and Marketing, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.141959.
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Generic models of job stress, such as the Job Strain Model (JSM), have recently been criticised for focusing on a small number of general work characteristics while ignoring those that are occupation-specific (Sparks & Cooper, 1999). However this criticism is based on limited research that has not examined the relative influence of all three dimensions of the JSM - job demand, job control and social support - and job-specific stressors. The JSM is the most commonly used model underpinning large-scale occupational stress research (Fox, Dwyer, & Ganster, 1993) and is regarded as the most influential model in the research on the psycho-social work environment, stress and disease in recent times (Kristensen, 1995). This thesis addresses the lack of information on the relative influence of the JSM and job-specific stressors by assessing the capacity of an augmented JSM to predict the strain experienced by managers and professional Australian footballers. The augmented JSM consisted of job-specific stressors in addition to the generic components of the model.
Managers and professional Australian footballers represent two very different occupational groups. While the day-today roles of a manager include planning, organising, monitoring and controlling (Carroll & Gillen, 1987), the working life of a professional Australian footballer revolves around preparing for and playing football (Shanahan, 1998). It was expected that the large differences in the work undertaken by managers and professional Australian footballers would maximise the opportunities for identifying job-specific stressors and measuring the extent that these vary from one group to the next. The large disparity between managers and
professional footballers was also used to assess the cross-occupational versatility of the JSM when it had been augmented by job-specific stressors.
This thesis consisted of three major studies. Study One involved a survey of Australian managers, while studies Two and Three focused on professional Australian footballers. The latter group was under-represented in the literature, and as a result of the lack of information on the stressors commonly experienced by this group, an in-depth qualitative study was undertaken in Study Two. The results from Study Two then informed the survey of professional footballers that was conducted in Study Three.
Contrary to previous research examining the relative influence of generic and job-specific stressors, the results only provided moderate support for augmenting the JSM with job-specific stressors. Instead of supporting the versatility of the augmented JSM, the overall findings reinforced the broad relevance of the original JSM. Of the four health outcomes measured in Studies One and Three, there was only one - the psychological health of professional Australian footballers - where the proportion of total variance explained by job-specific stressors exceeded 13%.
Despite the generally strong performance of the JSM across the two occupational groups, the importance of demand, control and support diminished when examining the less conventional occupation of professional football. The generic model was too narrow to capture the highly specific work characteristics that are important for this occupational group and, as a result, the job-specific stressors explained significantly more of the strain over and above that already provided by the generic model. These findings indicate that when investigating the stressors experienced by conventional occupational groups such as managers, the large amount resources required to identify job-specific stressors are unlikely to be cost-effective. In contrast, the influence of the
more situation specific stressors is significantly greater in unconventional occupations and thus the benefits of identifying these non-generic stressors are more likely to outweigh the costs.
Studies One and Three identified strong connections between job-specific stressors and important characteristics of the occupation being studied. These connections were consistent with previous research and suggest that before attempting to identify job-specific stressors, researchers need to first become familiar with the nature and context of the occupation.
The final issue addressed in this thesis was the role of work and non-work support. The findings indicate that the support provided by supervisors and colleagues was a significant predictor of wellbeing for both managers and professional footballers. In contrast, the level of explained strain accounted for by non-work support was not significant. These results indicate that when developing strategies to protect and enhance employee well-being, particular attention should be given to monitoring and, where necessary, boosting the effectiveness of work-based support.
The findings from this thesis have been fed back to the management and sporting communities via conference presentations and peer-reviewed journals (refer pp 220-221). All three studies have been presented at national and international conferences and, overall, were well received by participants. Similarly, the methods, results and major findings arising from Studies One and Two have been critiqued by anonymous reviewers from two international journals. These papers have been accepted for publication in 2001 and 2002 and feedback from the reviewers indicates that the findings represent a significant and unique contribution to the literature. The results of Study Three are currently under review by a sports psychology journal.
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Lynn, Claire L. "Burnout among Western Australian psychologists : exploring issues within forensic psychology as potential predictors." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1999. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1271.
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The level of burnout among a sample of Western Australian psychologists and a comparison of scores to the American normative sample of mental health workers was investigated. The study was also particularly interested to explore whether issues pertinent to the forensic psychologist were predictive of burnout. Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which comprises three components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment The study explored whether characteristics in relation to the psychologist, the client and the workplace had predictive value for the level of burnout. Variables considered across these characteristics were age and gender, client problem type and voluntary status of the client and work setting and caseload, respectively. Within these, variables considered more likely to occur within the forensic psychologist's work included, working predominantly with behavioural problems, involuntary clients and within a prison setting. Participants included 90 psychologists from a variety of work settings in Western Australia. The sample were found to be experiencing greater emotional exhaustion, but less depersonalization and particularly less burnout attributable to low personal accomplishment than their American counterparts. Despite the finding that over one fifth of the sample were experiencing emotional exhaustion, the overall prevalence of burnout across the components, particularly in relation to personal accomplishment, was low. In relation to the predictive value of the variables considered, multiple regression analyses were conducted for each burnout component. Findings suggest that working with clients in relation to behavioural issues, but particularly being a female had a significant main effect on burnout attributable to emotional exhaustion. Gender appears to be a significant predictor independently of all other variables considered. Further, findings suggest that working greater hours with clients could provide a buffering effect on burnout attributable to low personal accomplishment. None of the variables considered had any impact on depersonalization. Working in a prison setting and with involuntary clients did not predict burnout. Although working with predominantly behavioural issues is associated with forensic work, the overall findings challenge the assumption that psychologists working within the forensic arena are at increased risk of burnout
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Bakker, Susette. "Covert violence in nursing." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1296.
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There is no official avenue in nursing for the reporting of incidences of covert violence to staff and so they remain unrecorded and often stressful. This study sought to collect data from currently employed nurses concerning covert violence in their workplace, and to collate the information to obtain a valid assessment of this hidden problem. A qualitative methodology was used to report on the experiences of nurses in relation to covert violence directed at them by their peers, other health professionals, patients and patients' families. The participants were all registered nurses employed by a suburban health service. Each was given an open-ended questionnaire to: 1. establish the participant's position and professional experience within the Health Service, 2. request for incidences regarding the various forms of covert violence encountered by them in the workplace, 3. describe how they dealt with such episodes It is anticipated that this study will lead to an acknowledgement of, and interventions to prevent, such forms of violence. It is also anticipated that minimising the occurrence of covert violence will improve nursing productivity, provide greater job satisfaction for nurses, and promote savings in terms of less staff absenteeism, Workers' Compensation insurance claims and staff turnover.
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Clapton, John A. "Pastoral care for clergy: The need, some program directions and desired outcomes among ministers of Churches of Christ in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1997. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/901.
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The purpose of this study was to consider the pastoral care needs of Churches of Christ ministers working in parishes, propose some directions that a programmed approach to that pastoral care could take, and outline the kinds of desired outcomes to be looked for among them in Western Australia. It was demonstrated that, as with other helping professionals within the Human Services domain, ministers experience stressors which impinge on their well-being and their effectiveness as care-givers. This study examined the different contexts within which ministers must function, examining the complexities of their duties, the hazards they face and the effects these have on their well-being and the performance of their duties within their professional and personal lives. The study looked at how to respond to the needs of this workforce, proposing some directions in which the program of pastoral care could take at each of the three levels identified as significant, the structural level, the professional level and the personal level. These were proposed in the context of an articulation of the desired outcomes that should result from the establishment of those systems of care. Finally, consideration was given to possible evaluators that would demonstrate the extent to which those desired outcomes had been achieved. While these were not the primary focus of the study, consideration of evaluators is a necessary adjunct to any programmatic approach to pastoral care.
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Nelson, Mark 1957. "Aspects of pharmacological management of hypertension in general practice." Monash University, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7923.
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Hyde, Penny. "Australian psychologists' perceptions and experiences of client threats." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/863.
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There is empirical evidence that workplace violence is increasing, particularly in settings where health care professionals such as psychologists are employed, and often these incidents are perpetrated by clients. Given that client violence can have wide ranging and serious consequences, it is not surprising that researchers are focussing on this issue. One notable finding is that psychologists feel that they do not have the training or confidence to manage the violent behaviour of clients. A review of the relevant literature was undertaken to determine why psychologists feel ill prepared for such incidents. Whilst there is a wide range of definitions of client violence, it appears that many of the professionals’ concerns about various forms of client behaviour go beyond these definitions of violence. There is an array of client behaviours that make professionals feel their wellbeing is at risk which fall outside the general definition of violence. Consequently, the term client threats may be more appropriate. There is no research in which psychologists were directly asked what client interactions they perceived as putting their wellbeing at risk and, without this information, professional advice to them may not be effective. The purpose of this research project was to determine psychologists’ experiences and perceptions of client threats. Stage 1 included interviews with 45 psychologists which indicated that their experiences and perceptions of client threats could be best conceptualised by developing a preliminary theory of client threat. In stage 2 a Delphi approach, with a panel of experts, helped formulate a modified Client Threat Theory that proposes a three phase model outlining the process through which psychologists experience these threats. This theory begins with a client behaviour being observed and conceptualised as a threat (activation phase), then influential factors are assessed (risk assessment), and lastly a management plan is formulated and applied in response to the threat (execution phase). This research project also provides a detailed understanding of how the participating psychologists experienced client threats. It was discovered that threatening experiences were triggered by more than violent client behaviours and that a term broader than violence was needed to encompass these experiences. The types of threats reportedly experienced by participants were physical, sexual, verbal, psychological, reputational, and financial in nature. Participants also reported feeling threatened when they perceived that a client behaved in a threatening manner towards people known to them, such as colleagues and family members. This provides a basis from which future researchers could develop a comprehensive definition and theory of client threat, along with efficient and effective tools to reduce its occurrence and deal with it more effectively.
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Goddard, Richard C. "Burnout in case managers working with unemployed individuals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36644/1/36644_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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This research program on burnout and work environment perceptions in personnel working directly with unemployed individuals in Australia is reported in three studies. Using a survey methodology and taking a quantitative approach, burnout was investigated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI; Maslach & Jackson, 1986) on two occasions, before and after the privatisation of Australia's employment services industry (Job Network). The most widely accepted survey instrument measuring burnout (Lee & Ashforth, 1996), the MBI defines this stress related syndrome in terms of three subscales, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalisation and Personal Accomplishment. Perceptions of the work environment experienced by employment service staff were concurrently surveyed using the Real form of the Work Environment Scale (Moos, 1994). Heeding advice of researchers from the job stress area (e.g., Mccrae, 1990), this program of research also concurrently investigated the personality trait Neuroticism, the disposition to perceive and report negative experiences.
In 1995, burnout in two groups of public sector personnel engaged in assisting individuals experiencing unemployment were compared. Staff employing a case management style of service delivery and staff engaging in an over-the-counter production-line style of service were surveyed and their responses on the MBI, the WES and the Neuroticism subscale of the revised short form edition of the Eysenck Personality Questionnare (EPQR/ s; Eysenck & Eysenck, 1991) compared. As hypothesised, case managers reported significantly higher burnout scores on all three subscales of the MBI, and perceptions of higher work pressure. The personality trait Neuroticism was found to account for significant variance in the burnout scores of the public sector respondents.
The second study was conducted in 1999 after the full privatisation of the Australian employment services industry. At this time (T1 ), burnout in case managers throughout Australia was investigated with a postal survey which sampled 86 case managers from 38 different private sector organisations providing case management services to the long-term unemployed. The same respondents were surveyed again after six months (T2}. Study 2 demonstrated that case manager burnout levels in the new Job Network were significant. The design also allowed for the prediction of future burnout (T2) from personality and work environment data collected at an earlier time (T1) to be correctly modelled. As hypothesised Neuroticism was a significant predictor of all three MBI subscales both at T1 and T2.
In what amounts to a comparison of public and private sector personnel, the third study compared the burnout levels and work environment perceptions of case managers surveyed in 1995 with the responses of case managers surveyed in 1999. Case managers from the public and private sector reported similar high levels of Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalisation. Private sector case managers also reported significantly higher mean Personal Accomplishment scores, corresponding to a lower mean burnout level, and significantly higher levels of involvement and commitment to their work than public sector case managers.
The results of these studies addressed a significant gap in the burnout literature which had hitherto failed to report investigations into employment service personnel, and highlighted the importance of considering the personality trait of Neuroticism in future burnout research. Results were discussed in the contexts of the evaluation of the current Job Network and the process model of burnout (Leiter, 1993).
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Lee, Irene University of Ballarat. "An Investigation into the experiences of occupational stress of graduate nurses in Hong Kong." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12749.
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"The major criticism by hospital trained clinical nurses is that university graduates are perceived as not being competent practioners as a result of limited time spent in clinical areas. This lack of clinical experience is thought to contribute to new graduates' sense of occupational stress."--leaf xii.Doctor of Philosophy
Books on the topic "Job stress – Australia"
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Kendall, Elizabeth. Occupational stress: Factors that contribute to its occurrence and effective management : a report to the Workers' Compensation and Rehabilitation Commission, Western Australia. Shenton Park, W.A: WorkCover WA, 2000.
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Kendall, Elizabeth. Measurement of occupational stress among Australian workers: Perceived stressors and supports. Shenton Park, W.A: WorkCover WA, 2003.
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Winefield, Anthony H. Occupational stress in Australian universities: A national survey 2002. Melbourne: National Tertiary Education Union, 2002.
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Harkness, Libby, and Simon Gillard. Life Sentence: A Police Officer's Battle with PTSD. Random House Australia, 2017.
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E, Kearney G., ed. Military stress and performance: The Australian Defence Force experience. Carlton, Vic: Melbourne University Press, 2003.
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Feather, N. T. Historical Background to Research on Job Loss, Unemployment, and Job Search. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.001.
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This chapter provides a selective review of past research on job loss, unemployment, and job search up to the beginning of the 1990s. The Great Depression studies in the 1930s at Marienthal by Jahoda and colleagues and by Bakke at Greenwich and New Haven are described, along with other research at the time. These early studies sowed the seeds for subsequent research programs in England, Europe, and Australia; the theories that emerged from this early and later research are described. They include stage theory, deprivation theory, agency theory, and vitamin theory. Other more general approaches—such as stress and coping models and expectancy-value theory—are also described as relevant to the unemployment experience. The historical review provides lessons about the importance of using a variety of methodologies that include descriptive field research, survey and questionnaire studies, longitudinal research, and research across cultures. It also suggests that progress will involve the application of midrange theories about work, paid employment, and unemployment targeted to particular issues such as psychological well-being, health-related problems, social and family effects, and job-search behavior.
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Job Stress in University Staff: An Australian Research Study. Australian Academic Press, 2008.
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Sennett, A. R. Garden Cities in Theory and Practice. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755647521.
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Garden cities sought to combine the best of town and country living to provide healthy vibrant communities on a human scale: affordable housing for all classes in tree-lined streets with well-tended gardens, jobs within easy commuting distances, integrated transport, all surrounded by a green belt to prevent urban sprawl. The first examples were built in England in the early years of the twentieth century but the idea soon caught on internationally, with garden cities being planned and built in the USA, Australia, Germany and Japan amongst countries. Alfred Sennett's little known classic work offers one of the most comprehensive accounts of garden cities. Its two volumes cover not only the history and idea of the garden city but are unique in their encycopaedic coverage of the practicalities of the garden city. Among the topics covered are transport, building materials, agriculture, self-cleansing streets, rolling roofs, as well as the sociological aspects. He draws comparisons with cities of the ancient world but also with cities in other countries.
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I only want to dance with you. USA: Elk Lake Publishing, 2015.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Job stress – Australia"
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Bates, Erica M., and B. N. Moore. "Job stress in Australian organizations." In Measurement of Human Resources, 201–9. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228020-16.
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"Floored by Kylie Haymaker: She Wallops like a Kangaroo – How Tiny Kylie Thumped Hunky Jason. (People, August 21, 1988) Heartless Neighbours Jibe That Made Kylie Cry. (Sun, August 22, 1988) Why Kylie’s Driving Me [Jason] Crazy. (Sun, August 23, 1988) Also significant is the contemporaneous Thatcherite swelling of the ranks of the unemployed and underemployed. Writing in the Guardian, Hugh Hebert noted of the “new daytime audience” that there is a huge pool of unemployed and under-employed people and the daytime phenomenon is tapping into that market. Neighbours has been lucky enough to take off as that audience has grown. But it has a lighter touch than EastEnders or Coronation Street – it doesn’t have such deep social problems. (quoted by Harris 1988) Finally, media publicity has continually stoked the boilers of Neighbours’s success in the media in the last four years. Kylie and Jason launched their singing careers, threatening no less than Cliff Richard at the top of the charts in Christmas 1988. As well as the Royal Family, the Archbishop of Canterbury also let it be known that he, too, watched Neighbours. Since 1989, cast members have been invited to Royal Command Performances and to participate in Christmas pantomimes. Neighbours became a political football in 1991, with Michael Fallon, a junior education spokesperson, denouncing it for “making teachers’ jobs even harder” (Independent, May 19, 1991), and Jack Straw, his Labour counterpart, joining the fray in similar terms. It has also spawned a British version, Families, first screened on April 23, 1990. This revolves around two families, one British and one Australian, and the British father’s visiting Australia to find his lover of twenty years ago. In 1992 Neighbours appears to have incited its first murder, or at least manslaughter: LONDON: A man who killed his neighbour over a blaring television says he was driven mad – by the theme tune of Neighbours. Eric Seall, who walked free after being convicted of manslaughter, said: “It was that Neighbours tune that finally did it. That stupid song made my life hell.” A court was told that Seall, 32, came to blows with John Roach, 37, who fell downstairs at their flats in Hampshire and fractured his skull. (West Australian, June 27, 1992)." In To Be Continued..., 114. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203131855-16.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Job stress – Australia"
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Pandey, Vibhas J. "Applications of Geomechanics to Hydraulic Fracturing - Case Studies from Coal Stimulations." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-173378-ms.
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Abstract Modern hydraulic fracture treatments rely heavily on the implementation of formation property details such as in-situ stresses and rock mechanical properties, in order to optimize stimulation designs for specific reservoir targets. Log derived strain and strength calibrated in-situ properties provide critical description of stress variations in different lithologies and at varying depths. From a practical standpoint however, most of the hydraulic fracture simulators that are used for fracturing treatment design purposes today can accommodate only a limited portion of a geologic-based rock mechanical property characterization which targets optimal data integration thus resulting in complexity. By using examples from hydraulic fracture stimulations of coals in a complex but well characterized stress environment (Surat Basin, Eastern Australia) we distil out the reservoir rock related input parameters that are determinants of hydraulic fracture designs and identify those that are not immediately used. In order to understand the impact on improving future fracture stimulation designs, the authors present workflows such as pressure history matching of fracture stimulation treatments and the calibration process of key rock mechanical parameters such as Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, and fracture toughness. The authors also present examples to discuss synergies, discrepancies and gaps that currently exist between ‘geologic’ geomechanical concepts (i.e. variations in the geometry and magnitude of stress tensors and their interaction with pre-existing anisotropies) in contrast to the geomechanical descriptions and concepts that are used and implemented in hydraulic fracturing stimulations. In the absence of a unifying hydraulic fracture design that honors well established geologic complexity, various scenarios that allow assessing the criticality, usefulness and weighting of geologic/mechanical property input parameters that reflect critical reservoir complexity, whilst maintaining applicability to hydraulic fracturing theory, are presented in the paper. Ultimately it remains paramount to constrain as many critical variables as realistically and uniquely possible. Significant emphasis is placed on reservoir-specific pre-job data acquisition and post-job analysis. The approach presented in this paper can be used to refine hydraulic fracture treatment designs in similar complex reservoirs worldwide.
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Tan, Grace, and Anne Venables. "Survival Mode: The Stresses and Strains of Computing Curricula Review." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3195.
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In an ideal world, review and changes to computing curricula should be driven solely by academic concerns for the needs of students. The process should be informed by industry accreditation processes and international best practice (Hurst et al., 2001). However, Australian computing curricular review is often driven by the need for financial viability of programs with declining student numbers as much as concerns for academic merit. Worldwide there remains a strong job market and high demand for computing professionals (Liu, 2007; Melymuka, 2006), which predicates an impending IT workforce shortage. However, computing programs currently do not attract students due to perceived problems of the inadequacy of courses to prepare students sufficiently to cope with the practical challenges in current technologies adoption, to acquire strong communication skills and business aptitude (Taft, 2007), to foster problem solving skills, and to find the relevance of program contents to specific occupations. Therefore, computing curricula wishing to attract students need to have specialized studies that are of industrial strength that are updated regularly to reflect the progress in the discipline (Finkelstein & Hafner, 2002; Lui, 2007). Yet the challenge for universities is to weigh this need against preparing students to be universal and lifelong learners.