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1
Jha, Bhavanath, Vijay Kumar Singh, Angelo Weiss, Anton Hartmann, and Michael Schmid. "Zhihengliuella somnathii sp. nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_9 (September 1, 2015): 3137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000391.
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Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03T and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte. Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9–99.1 %. The sequence similarity of strains JG 03T and JG 05 with each other was 99.4 %. DNA–DNA hybridization of JG 03T and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8 %–53.4 % and a value of 91.4 % between each other. The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones. The predominant fatty acid in JG 03T was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05. The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03T and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively. In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15 % (w/v). On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03T and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella. Strains JG 03T and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JG 03T ( = DSM 23187T = IMCC 253T).
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Jung, Seo-Youn, Mi-Hwa Lee, Tae-Kwang Oh, Yong-Ha Park, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Psychrobacter cibarius sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63398-0.
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Two novel Psychrobacter-like bacterial strains, JG-219T and JG-220, were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Cells of strains JG-219T and JG-220 were Gram-negative, non-motile coccobacilli. Growth of the two strains was observed at 4–32 °C. They grew optimally in the presence of 2–5 % (w/v) NaCl. Strains JG-219T and JG-220 contained C18 : 1 ω9c and C17 : 1 ω8c as the major fatty acids and Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone. The DNA G+C contents of strains JG-219T and JG-220 were 43·5 and 43·0 mol%, respectively. The two strains showed no difference in their 16S rRNA gene sequences but exhibited minor differences in their phenotypic properties. Strains JG-219T and JG-220 exhibited levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 95·2–98·7 % to the type strains of recognized Psychrobacter species. The mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strains JG-219T and JG-220 was 84·4 %. The two strains exhibited levels of DNA–DNA relatedness of 1·5–32·9 % to the type strains of eight phylogenetically related Psychrobacter species. On the basis of phenotypic data and phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, the two strains were classified as representing a novel species within the genus Psychrobacter, Psychrobacter cibarius sp. nov. The type strain is JG-219T (=KCTC 12256T=DSM 16327T).
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Simopoulos, Artemis P. "Reply to JG Chamberlain." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 55, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 760–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/55.3.760a.
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Simopoulos, AP. "Reply to JG Chamberlain." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 55, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 760–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/55.3.760b.
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Traber, Maret G. "Reply to JG Bieri." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 75, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/75.4.781a.
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Katz, David L., and Christopher D. Gardner. "Reply to JG Dórea." Advances in Nutrition 11, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa002.
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Zhu, Liguo, Jinghua Gao, Jie Yu, Minshan Feng, Jinyu Li, Shangquan Wang, and Xu Wei. "Jingtong Granule: A Chinese Patent Medicine for Cervical Radiculopathy." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/158453.
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Objective. This paper systematically assessed the efficacy and safety of Jingtong granule (JG) for cervical radiculopathy (CR).Methods. Randomized controlled trials comparing JG with no intervention, placebo, or conventional therapies were retrieved. The trials testing JG combined with conventional therapies versus conventional therapies were also enrolled. Study selection, methodological assessment, data extraction, and analysis were conducted in accordance with the Cochrane standards. The strength of evidence was evaluated according to GRADE approach.Results. Three trials with 400 participants were included. Methodological quality was evaluated as generally low. One study found that JG showed significant difference on decreasing pain scores compared with placebo. Meta-analysis indicated that JG plus conventional analgesic exhibited a significant immediate effect on the pain scores (WMD = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.29 to 1.98;P<0.00001). Additionally, JG combined with analgesic presented beneficial immediate effect on neck disability index. However, the treatment effects of JG demonstrated in the trials were not large, and the safety of JG was unproven. Finally the evidence level was evaluated to be low.Conclusions. Our results indicated that JG showed some potential benefits for CR. Nevertheless, treatment effects are uncertain due to both the methodological concerns and the very modest reported improvements.
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EHNTS, DIRK H., and MAURICE HÖFGEN. "THE JOB GUARANTEE: FULL EMPLOYMENT, PRICE STABILITY AND SOCIAL PROGRESS." Society Register 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sr.2019.3.2.04.
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This paper presents the idea of the Job Guarantee (JG), which is a logical extension of the paradigm of a tax-driven fiat currency. The JG involves the government offering a public purpose-oriented job with a fixed hourly wage and job benefits to anyone willing to work. The JG as a bottom-up approach is locally administered but federally funded. As the analytical lens of MMT reveals, a monetarily sovereign government is always able to provide the spending required. Macroeconomically, the JG works as an automatic countercyclical stabilizer and an excellent tool for aggregated demand management, ensuring the economy is continuously operating at full capacity. On top, the JG uses an employed buffer stock approach as a superior means to maintain price stability. Next to its favourable macroeconomic impacts, the JG offers many social benefits, particularly related to continuous employment, working conditions in the private sector, power relations in the labour market and democracy. While the JG and Universal Basic Income (UBI) are often discussed as comparable, competing policy proposals, the JG addresses more macroeconomic and social issues than the UBI does. This paper concludes that the JG qualifies for being the single most effective policy in order to drive the economy towards continuous full employment and price stability while realizing additional social benefits.
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Yoon, Jung-Hoon, Seo-Youn Jung, Wonyong Kim, Sun-Woo Nam, and Tae-Kwang Oh. "Nesterenkonia jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 2587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64266-0.
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A Gram-positive, non-motile, slightly halophilic actinomycete, strain JG-241T, was isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain JG-241T grew optimally at 25–30 °C and in the presence of 2–5 % (w/v) NaCl. The physiological and biochemical properties of strain JG-241T were distinguishable from those of recognized Nesterenkonia species. Strain JG-241T had a peptidoglycan type based on l-lys–gly–d-Asp. It contained MK-7, MK-8 and MK-9 as the predominant menaquinones and anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 68.0 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain JG-241T falls within the radiation of the cluster comprising Nesterenkonia species. Similarity values between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JG-241T and those of the type strains of Nesterenkonia species ranged from 96.7 to 99.7 %. DNA–DNA relatedness data and repetitive extragenic palindromic DNA-PCR genomic fingerprinting patterns showed that strain JG-241T differs genetically from recognized Nesterenkonia species. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, strain JG-241T represents a novel species of the genus Nesterenkonia, for which the name Nesterenkonia jeotgali sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JG-241T (=KCTC 19053T=JCM 12610T).
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Yu, Ren Shan, Zhen Wei Yang, and Tao Jin. "Application Research on Lightning Rod for Shielding Failure Prevention Based on JG and ZGUT Type Tower." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2139.
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After an analysis on the shielding failure trip of accidents of two kinds of tower type for JG and ZGUT in 220kA transmission line in Jiujiang,the main causes of shielding failure trip on the JG and ZGUT type tower which the protection angle of middle phase jumper of JG type tower and middle phase wire of ZGUT type tower are too large were summarized.The measures to prevent the JG and ZGUT type tower from shielding failure were proposed in which TH-lightning rod above cross arm of suspension point of the Jumper string of JG ype tower and the middle phase conductor of ZGUT type tower were reasonably installed.The measures prove to be an effective way.
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P. K. TYAGI. "Thermal requirements, heat use efficiency and plant responses of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars under different environment." Journal of Agrometeorology 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v16i2.1520.
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A field experiment was conducted to study the thermal requirement of chickpea cultivars during rabi seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh (Madhya Pradesh). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications consisted three sowing dates viz., October 25, November 14 and December 4 and three varieties viz., JG 322, JG 11 and JG 16 as main plot and sub-plot treatments, respectively. Results revealed that duration of phenological stages and thermal unit during sowing to maturity decreased with successive delay in sowing. October 25 sowing produced significantly higher total dry matter accumulation, more number of pods higher seed yield and biological yield as compared to November 14 and December 4. Among cultivars, JG 16 exhibited significantly higher total dry matter accumulation, HUE, more number of pods higher 100-seed weight higher seed yield and biological yield followed by JG 11 and JG 322.
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Yurtcu, Nazan, Dilay Karademir, Mustafa Ergul, Ali Cetin, and Andrea Tinelli. "Anticancer activity of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) Inhibitor, JG-98, against human cervical cancer HeLa and ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells." Medicine Science | International Medical Journal 12, no. 1 (2023): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2022.11.251.
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Cervical and ovarian cancer are two aggressive neoplasms for women, still with high mortality and morbidity. Among the molecules and compounds that have anticancer activity, it was studied the JG-98, a heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) inhibitor. It demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of neoplastic cells, mediated by the induction of apoptosis, with anti-proliferation activity on neoplastic cells via the apoptotic pathway. The authors investigated the antiproliferative effects of JG-98 on human cervical cancer HeLa and ovarian cancer SKOV-3, examined by a standard XTT assay. Apoptotic effects and oxidative status were also evaluated by flow cytometry, ELISA, and total oxidant status assays in HeLa cells, respectively. The IC50 values of JG-98 in HeLa and SKOV-3 cells were recorded as 1.79 and 2.96 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry results showed that JG-98 treatment remarkably increased the proportion of apoptotic cells at IC50 concentration. The JG-98 treatment significantly increased the proteins Bax, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels, all indicators of cellular apoptosis. These findings show that JG-98 significantly decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in HeLa cells, suggesting that JG-98 has a promising anti-tumor effect in cervical and ovarian cancers.
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Atchison, Douglas K., Pamela Harding, M. Cecilia Ortiz-Capisano, Edward L. Peterson, and William H. Beierwaltes. "Parathyroid hormone stimulates juxtaglomerular cell cAMP accumulation without stimulating renin release." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 303, no. 8 (October 15, 2012): F1157—F1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00269.2012.
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Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is positively coupled to the generation of cAMP via its actions on the PTH1R and PTH2R receptors. Renin secretion from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells is stimulated by elevated intracellular cAMP, and every stimulus that increases renin secretion is thought to do so via increasing cAMP. Thus we hypothesized that PTH increases renin release from primary cultures of mouse JG cells by elevating intracellular cAMP via the PTH1R receptor. We found PTH1R, but not PTH2R, mRNA expressed in JG cells. While PTH increased JG cell cAMP content from (log10 means ± SE) 3.27 ± 0.06 to 3.92 ± 0.12 fmol/mg protein ( P < 0.001), it did not affect renin release. The PTH1R-specific agonist, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), also increased JG cell cAMP from 3.13 ± 0.09 to 3.93 ± 0.09 fmol/mg protein ( P < 0.001), again without effect on renin release. PTH2R receptor agonists had no effect on cAMP or renin release. PTHrP increased cAMP in the presence of both low and high extracellular calcium from 3.31 ± 0.17 to 3.83 ± 0.20 fmol/mg protein ( P < 0.01) and from 3.29 ± 0.18 to 3.63 ± 0.22 fmol/mg protein ( P < 0.05), respectively, with no effect on renin release. PTHrP increased JG cell cAMP in the presence of adenylyl cyclase-V inhibition from 2.85 ± 0.17 to 3.44 ± 0.14 fmol/mg protein ( P < 0.001) without affecting renin release. As a positive control, forskolin increased JG cell cAMP from 3.39 ± 0.13 to 4.48 ± 0.07 fmol/mg protein ( P < 0.01) and renin release from 2.96 ± 0.10 to 3.29 ± 0.08 ng ANG I·mg prot−1·h−1 ( P < 0.01). Thus PTH increases JG cell cAMP via non-calcium-sensitive adenylate cyclases without affecting renin release. These data suggest compartmentalization of cAMP signaling in JG cells.
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Li, Guichen, Yuantian Sun, Junfei Zhang, Qianjin Zhang, Changlun Sun, Suhui Zhang, and Ruiyang Bi. "Experiment and Application of Coalcrete on Roadway Stability: A Comparative Analysis." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (June 17, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6813095.
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Improving roadway stability in deep underground mines is quite challenging, as the conventional support structures easily fail. Roadway collapse and large deformation occur just several months after tunnel excavation. In this study, a relatively new prereinforcement technique, the jet grouting (JG), is introduced to improve roadway stability. A field test was performed for evaluating the practicability and applicability of JG in soft coal mass. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to assess the properties of coalcrete (coal-grout after JG treatment). A two-dimensional numerical model was established for validating the input parameters. Based on the verified model, three JG support cases for roadway were modeled and compared with a conventional support case, namely, the currently used support in this mine “rock bolts + U-shaped steel set + shotcrete.” The results show that the proposed prereinforced JG support structures can considerably control the deformation and failure zone of the roadway and improve the bearing capacity of coal mass. The mechanism of maintaining roadway stability using JG techniques is further revealed. Some suggestions are further presented to improve the stability of the jet-grouted roadway.
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Saleem, Mohammad, Conrad P. Hodgkinson, Liang Xiao, Juan A. Gimenez-Bastida, Megan L. Rasmussen, Jason Foss, Alan J. Payne, et al. "Sox6 as a new modulator of renin expression in the kidney." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 318, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): F285—F297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00095.2019.
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Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells, major sources of renin, differentiate from metanephric mesenchymal cells that give rise to JG cells or a subset of smooth muscle cells of the renal afferent arteriole. During periods of dehydration and salt deprivation, renal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) differentiate from JG cells. JG cells undergo expansion and smooth muscle cells redifferentiate to express renin along the afferent arteriole. Gene expression profiling comparing resident renal MSCs with JG cells indicates that the transcription factor Sox6 is highly expressed in JG cells in the adult kidney. In vitro, loss of Sox6 expression reduces differentiation of renal MSCs to renin-producing cells. In vivo, Sox6 expression is upregulated after a low-Na+ diet and furosemide. Importantly, knockout of Sox6 in Ren1d+ cells halts the increase in renin-expressing cells normally seen during a low-Na+ diet and furosemide as well as the typical increase in renin. Furthermore, Sox6 ablation in renin-expressing cells halts the recruitment of smooth muscle cells along the afferent arteriole, which normally express renin under these conditions. These results support a previously undefined role for Sox6 in renin expression.
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Tripodo, Antonio, Francesco Puosi, Marco Malvaldi, Simone Capaccioli, and Dino Leporini. "Coincident Correlation between Vibrational Dynamics and Primary Relaxation of Polymers with Strong or Weak Johari-Goldstein Relaxation." Polymers 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2020): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040761.
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The correlation between the vibrational dynamics, as sensed by the Debye-Waller factor, and the primary relaxation in the presence of secondary Johari-Goldstein (JG) relaxation, has been investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. Two melts of polymer chains with different bond length, resulting in rather different strength of the JG relaxation are studied. We focus on the bond-orientation correlation function, exhibiting higher JG sensitivity with respect to alternatives provided by torsional autocorrelation function and intermediate scattering function. We find that, even if changing the bond length alters both the strength and the relaxation time of the JG relaxation, it leaves unaffected the correlation between the vibrational dynamics and the primary relaxation. The finding is in harmony with previous studies reporting that numerical models not showing secondary relaxations exhibit striking agreement with experimental data of polymers also where the presence of JG relaxation is known.
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Karginova, Elena A., Ellen Steward Pentz, Irina G. Kazakova, Victoria F. Norwood, Robert M. Carey, and R. Ariel Gomez. "Zis: a developmentally regulated gene expressed in juxtaglomerular cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 273, no. 5 (November 1, 1997): F731—F738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1997.273.5.f731.
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Renal juxtaglomerular (JG) cells are specialized myoepithelioid cells located in the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus. Their main function and distinctive feature is the synthesis and release of renin, the key hormone-enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system that regulates arterial blood pressure. Despite their relevance to health and disease, not much is known about factors that confer and/or maintain JG cell identity. To identify genes uniquely expressed in JG cells, we used a cell culture model and RNA differential display. JG cells cultured for 2 days express renin and renin mRNA, but after 10 days in culture they no longer contain or release renin and renin mRNA is reduced 700-fold. We report one cDNA differentially expressed in the 2-day JG cell culture that detects a 2.6-kb mRNA expressed at higher levels in newborn than adult kidney. Screening a 2-day culture JG cell cDNA library yielded clones representing differentially spliced transcripts. These cDNAs encode one unique protein (Zis) containing zinc fingers and domains characteristic of splicing factors and RNA binding proteins. Northern blot analysis confirmed Zis mRNA expression in differentiated JG cells, and identified an additional unique 1.5-kb transcript. The Zis transcripts are developmentally regulated in kidney and a number of other organs. The features of the Zis protein and its organ distribution suggest a possible role in regulation of transcription and/or splicing, both important steps for controlling developmentally expressed genes.
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Sun, Yuantian, Guichen Li, Junfei Zhang, and Deyu Qian. "Stability Control for the Rheological Roadway by a Novel High-Efficiency Jet Grouting Technique in Deep Underground Coal Mines." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 18, 2019): 6494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226494.
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In maintaining the efficiency of coal mining, the stability of roadway plays a significant role, as it is closely related to the production of coal and the safety of personnel. In deep underground coal mines, the rheological deformation of roadway normally occurs, which affects its service life. To address this problem, in this paper, a novel high-efficiency Jet Grouting (JG) technique was presented, and its control effect on roadway stability was investigated. A creep test of a coal specimen in a laboratory scale was performed, and its creep behavior was revealed. The rheology of the coal mass surrounding the roadway was further analyzed according to the field-monitoring results of roadway deformation. A time-dependent numerical model with a Burger-creep visco-plastic model (CVISC) was established and validated by comparing the calculated displacement with in-situ measurement. The JG technique was tested in the field, and its applicability and practicability were confirmed. According to the validated model and field test results of JG, a numerical model with CVISC by JG support was established to analyze the effect of JG on the roadway. The results showed that the JG support can effectively reduce roadway deformation, optimize stress conditions, and reduce the extent of the plastic zone around the roadway. The rheological properties of the soft coal roadway were constrained and long-term stability was ensured. This pioneering work can guide the application of JG for the stability control of roadways and promote the sustainability of coal mining efficiently.
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Della Bruna, R., F. Pinet, P. Corvol, and A. Kurtz. "Calmodulin antagonists stimulate renin secretion and inhibit renin synthesis in vitro." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 262, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): F397—F402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1992.262.3.f397.
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To find out whether calmodulin activity could be a common denominator for the cellular control of renin secretion and synthesis, we have examined the effects of calmodulin antagonists on the secretion and the synthesis of renin in primary cultures of mouse juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. We found that the calmodulin antagonists calmidazolium (CMDZ), N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene-sulfonamide (W-7), and trifluoperazine (TFP) strongly stimulated renin release from isolated JG cells with a rank order of potency CMDZ greater than TFP greater than W-7. With the same order of potency as on renin secretion, CMDZ, TFP, and W-7 also inhibited de novo synthesis of renin. This decrease of renin synthesis went in parallel with a general inhibition of protein synthesis in the cultured JG cells. A comparable inhibition of total protein synthesis and renin synthesis as with CMDZ was achieved with cycloheximide. Cycloheximide, however, did not alter renin secretion within 20 h of incubation. Taken together, our findings suggest that inhibition of calmodulin activity exerts a powerful stimulatory effect on the exocytosis of renin in renal JG cells. Calmodulin activity on the other hand is also essentially required for protein and renin synthesis in JG cells. It is not very likely therefore that calmodulin activity positively links renin synthesis and renin secretion in JG cells.
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Zhou, Zhishang, Wenhui Xiong, Arjun V. Masurkar, Wei R. Chen, and Gordon M. Shepherd. "Dendritic Calcium Plateau Potentials Modulate Input–Output Properties of Juxtaglomerular Cells in the Rat Olfactory Bulb." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 5 (November 2006): 2354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00003.2006.
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Understanding the intrinsic membrane properties of juxtaglomerular (JG) cells is a necessary step toward understanding the neural basis of olfactory signal processing within the glomeruli. We used patch-clamp recordings and two-photon Ca2+ imaging in rat olfactory bulb slices to analyze a long-lasting plateau potential generated in JG cells and characterize its functional input–output roles in the glomerular network. The plateau potentials were initially generated by dendritic calcium channels. Bath application of Ni2+ (250 μM to 1 mM) totally blocked the plateau potential. A local puff of Ni2+ on JG cell dendrites, but not on the soma, blocked the plateau potentials, indicating the critical contribution of dendritic Ca2+ channels. Imaging studies with two-photon microscopy showed that a dendritic Ca2+ increase was always correlated with a dendritic but not a somatic plateau potential. The dendritic Ca2+ conductance contributed to boosting the initial excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) to produce the plateau potential that shunted and reduced the amplitudes of the following EPSPs. This enables the JG cells to act as low-pass filters to convert high-frequency inputs to low-frequency outputs. The low frequency (2.6 ± 0.8 Hz) of rhythmic plateau potentials appeared to be determined by the intrinsic membrane properties of the JG cell. These properties of the plateau potential may enable JG cells to serve as pacemaker neurons in the synchronization and oscillation of the glomerular network.
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Ortiz-Capisano, M. Cecilia, Tang-Dong Liao, Pablo A. Ortiz, and William H. Beierwaltes. "Calcium-dependent phosphodiesterase 1C inhibits renin release from isolated juxtaglomerular cells." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 297, no. 5 (November 2009): R1469—R1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00121.2009.
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Renin release from the juxtaglomerular (JG) cell is stimulated by the second messenger cAMP and inhibited by calcium. We previously showed JG cells contain a calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), which, when stimulated, decreases cAMP formation and inhibits renin release. We hypothesize CaSR activation decreases cAMP and renin release, in part, by stimulating a calcium calmodulin-activated phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1). We incubated our primary culture of JG cells with two selective PDE1 inhibitors [8-methoxymethil-IBMX (8-MM-IBMX; 20 μM) and vinpocetine (40 μM)] and the calmodulin inhibitor W-7 (10 μM) and measured cAMP and renin release. Stimulation of the JG cell CaSR with the calcimimetic cinacalcet (1 μM) resulted in decreased cAMP from a basal of 1.13 ± 0.14 to 0.69 ± 0.08 pM/mg protein ( P < 0.001) and in renin release from 0.89 ± 0.16 to 0.38 ± 0.08 μg ANG I/ml·h−1·mg protein−1 ( P < 0.001). However, the addition of 8-MM-IBMX with cinacalcet returned both cAMP (1.10 ± 0.19 pM/mg protein) and renin (0.57 ± 0.16 μg ANG I/ml·h−1·mg protein−1) to basal levels. Similar results were obtained with vinpocetine, and also with W-7. Combining 8-MM-IBMX and W-7 had no additive effect. To determine which PDE1 isoform is involved, we performed Western blot analysis for PDE1A, B, and C. Only Western blot analysis for PDE1C showed a characteristic band apparent at 80 kDa. Immunofluorescence showed cytoplasmic distribution of PDE1C and renin in the JG cells. In conclusion, PDE1C is expressed in isolated JG cells, and contributes to calcium's inhibitory modulation of renin release from JG cells.
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Huang, Shuping, and Tao Zhong. "Efficacy of a combination of sildenafil and magnesium sulfate in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, and its influence on hemodynamics." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 20, no. 10 (November 21, 2021): 2163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v20i10.21.
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Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of the combined use of sildenafil and magnesium sulfate in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), and its influence on hemodynamics.Methods: A total of 174 children with persistent pulmonary hypertension who were treated in Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China were selected and randomly assigned to joint group (JG) and control group (CG), with 87 patients in each group. The CG group received magnesium sulfate, while the JG group received sildenafil plus magnesium sulphate. The respiratory parameters of the children were analyzed using blood gas analyzer, while their hemodynamic indices were evaluated using color Doppler echocardiography. The levels of cytokines and inflammatory factors were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Time taken for symptom disappearance, oxygen therapy, and hospitalization period were shorter in JG than in CG (p < 0.05). Post-treatment, the respiratory parameters (PaO2, PaCO2, and SaO2) in both groups s improved, with lower levels of PaO2 and PaCO2, and a higher level of SaO2 in JG (p < 0.05). Following treatment, the levels of systemic vascular resistance (SVR), posterior pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary artery pressure (PA) in JG were significantly reduced, relative to CG (p < 0.05). Similarly, the expression of endothelin -1 (ET-1), brain natriureticpeptide (BNP), and angiotensin 1 (ANG-1) improved, with lower levels of ET-1 and BNP, and a higher level of ANG-1 in JG (p < 0.05). There was post-treatment reduction as well in IL-6 and TNF-α, with lower levels in JG (p < 0.05). Patients in JG showed higher total treatment effectiveness and a lowerincidence of adverse reactions than those in CG (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The combined use of sildenafil and magnesium sulfate enhances the management of PPHN, ameliorates respiratory parameters, hemodynamics, and levels of cytokines and inflammatory factors. These findings provide evidence-based medical references for a new treatment strategy for PPHN.
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Dangambo, Maryam Abdulkadir, Adamu Jibrin Alhassan, Atiku Muhammad Kano, Hafiz Abubakar, and Zinat Suleiman Muhammad. "Amino acid profile and scores of some selected traditional diets commonly consumed in northwest zone, Nigeria." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 6, no. 13 (January 14, 2022): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.6.13.22-28.
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Background and aims: Amino acids composition of local and regional dietary proteins determines the protein quality. The study was aimed at evaluating amino acid profiles of some selected traditional diets commonly consumed in Jigawa (JG), Kano (KN) and Katsina (KT) States, Northwest Zone-Nigeria. Methods: The selected prepared diets (four per state) include; JG Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (JG TMW SWKS), JG Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (JG TMY SWKS), JG Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (JG Danwake SWGOP), JG Moimoi, KN Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (KN TMW SWKS), KN Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (KN TMY SWKS), KN rice and beans served with groundnut oil and pepper (KN Rice and Beans SWGOP), KN Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (KN Danwake SWGOP), KT Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (KT TMW SWKS), KT Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (KT TMY SWKS), KT Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (KT Danwake SWGOP) and KT Dambu. The preparations were dried and grounded into powdered form and analyzed using standard methods. Results: The amino acid profile of the diets consumed in the three states show higher content of total non-essential amino acids (NEAA) compared with essential amino acids (EAA). The amino acid score of the prepared diets though higher than the standard amino acid score by WHO/FAO/UNU (2007), may support the normal growth of all age groups except lysine. The limiting amino acid score was found to be either lysine or SAA (cysteine + methionine) in all the 3 states’ diets. Histidine was found to have the highest score in all the diets except in JG Moimoi and KN Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (SWGOP) respectively. The low levels of lysine and SAA in some of the diets may be due to low contents of these amino acids in the ingredients used. Conclusion: This study showed that, the amino acid score of the prepared diets though higher than the standard amino acid score established by WHO/FAO/UNU may support the normal growth of infants, children as well as adults except lysine. Keywords: traditional diets, amino acids, amino acid profile, amino acid score.
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Xa, Lucie K., Marie-Josée Lacombe, Chantal Mercure, Claude Lazure, and Timothy L. Reudelhuber. "General lysosomal hydrolysis can process prorenin accurately." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 307, no. 5 (September 1, 2014): R505—R513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00467.2013.
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Renin, an aspartyl protease that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the renin-angiotensin system, is first synthesized as an inactive precursor, prorenin. Prorenin is activated by the proteolytic removal of an amino terminal prosegment in the dense granules of the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells of the kidney by one or more proteases whose identity is uncertain but commonly referred to as the prorenin-processing enzyme (PPE). Because several extrarenal tissues secrete only prorenin, we tested the hypothesis that the unique ability of JG cells to produce active renin might be explained by the existence of a PPE whose expression is restricted to JG cells. We found that inducing renin production by the mouse kidney by up to 20-fold was not associated with the concomitant induction of candidate PPEs. Because the renin-containing granules of JG cells also contain several lysosomal hydrolases, we engineered mouse Ren1 prorenin to be targeted to the classical vesicular lysosomes of cultured HEK-293 cells, where it was accurately processed and stored. Furthermore, we found that HEK cell lysosomes hydrolyzed any artificial extensions placed on the protein and that active renin was extraordinarily resistant to proteolytic degradation. Altogether, our results demonstrate that accurate processing of prorenin is not restricted to JG cells but can occur in classical vesicular lysosomes of heterologous cells. The implication is that renin production may not require a specific PPE but rather can be achieved by general hydrolysis in the lysosome-like granules of JG cells.
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AKKUS, Adem, and Kemal DOYMUS. "Effect of subject jigsaw and reading writing presentation techniques on academic achievement of 7th grade science students’ academic success in structure and properties of matter." Acta Didactica Napocensia 15, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/adn.15.1.8.
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"In this article a recently developed method, Reading Writing and Presentation (RWP) was introduced and compared with Subject Jigsaw Method (JG) and Control Group (CG). CG studied with present curriculum which was designed with respect to constructivism and issued by National Ministry of Education. Research was carried out with 7th grade elementary school students. Number of students included in RWP group was 22, in JG were 27 and in CG were 20. Thus, total number of the students enrolled in the study was 69. Research design was semiexperimental design with pre-test and post-test. Before the study all the students were given a pretest. Pre-test results revealed that JG group had statistically significant academic achievement over CG. After implementing the study, students were given post-test and, both RWP and JG group had statistically better achievement than CG. Also JG had better statistical achievement than RWP. Students also were given a technique view form. Results revealed that RWP is a useful method in developing social and cognitive skills. It is also concluded by the study that constructivist designed curriculums supported with cooperative learning method increase academic achievement and students gain positive social skills"
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Rayson, B. M. "Juxtaglomerular cells cultured on a reconstituted basement membrane." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 262, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): C563—C568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.3.c563.
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Circulating renin levels are regulated by release from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Here, for the first time, we describe the primary culture of rat juxtaglomerular cells on a reconstituted basement membrane. In addition, primary cultures were transformed with a temperature-sensitive SV40 large T antigen gene to promote the development of a continuous JG cell line. Both primary cultures and transformed JG cells maintain a highly differentiated state and secrete active renin. These preparations now provide a system in which characterization of the cellular mechanisms of regulation of renin synthesis and release is possible.
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Ortiz-Capisano, M. Cecilia, Mahendranath Reddy, Mariela Mendez, Jeffrey L. Garvin, and William H. Beierwaltes. "Juxtaglomerular cell CaSR stimulation decreases renin release via activation of the PLC/IP3 pathway and the ryanodine receptor." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 304, no. 3 (February 1, 2013): F248—F256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00451.2012.
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The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G-coupled protein expressed in renal juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Its activation stimulates calcium-mediated decreases in cAMP content and inhibits renin release. The postreceptor pathway for the CaSR in JG cells is unknown. In parathyroids, CaSR acts through Gq and/or Gi. Activation of Gq stimulates phospholipase C (PLC), and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), releasing calcium from intracellular stores. Gi stimulation inhibits cAMP formation. In afferent arterioles, the ryanodine receptor (RyR) enhances release of stored calcium. We hypothesized JG cell CaSR activation inhibits renin via the PLC/IP3 and also RyR activation, increasing intracellular calcium, suppressing cAMP formation, and inhibiting renin release. Renin release from primary cultures of isolated mouse JG cells ( n = 10) was measured. The CaSR agonist cinacalcet decreased renin release 56 ± 7% of control ( P < 0.001), while the PLC inhibitor U73122 reversed cinacalcet inhibition of renin (104 ± 11% of control). The IP3 inhibitor 2-APB also reversed inhibition of renin from 56 ± 6 to 104 ± 11% of control ( P < 0.001). JG cells were positively labeled for RyR, and blocking RyR reversed CaSR-mediated inhibition of renin from 61 ± 8 to 118 ± 22% of control ( P < 0.01). Combining inhibition of IP3 and RyR was not additive. Gi inhibition with pertussis toxin plus cinacalcet did not reverse renin inhibition (65 ± 12 to 41 ± 8% of control, P < 0.001). We conclude stimulating JG cell CaSR activates Gq, initiating the PLC/IP3 pathway, activating RyR, increasing intracellular calcium, and resulting in calcium-mediated renin inhibition.
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Mendez, Mariela, and Herbert Y. Gaisano. "Role of the SNARE protein SNAP23 on cAMP-stimulated renin release in mouse juxtaglomerular cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 304, no. 5 (March 1, 2013): F498—F504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00556.2012.
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Renin, the rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of angiotensin II, is synthesized and stored in granules in juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Therefore, the controlled mechanism involved in renin release is essential for the regulation of blood pressure. Exocytosis of renin-containing granules is likely involved in renin release; a process stimulated by cAMP. We found that the “soluble NSF ( N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) attachment protein receptor” (SNARE) protein VAMP2 mediates cAMP-stimulated renin release and exocytosis in JG cells. To mediate exocytosis, VAMP2 must interact with a synaptosome-associated protein (SNAP). In the renal cortex, the isoform SNAP23 is abundantly expressed. We hypothesized that SNAP23 mediates cAMP-stimulated renin release from primary cultures of mouse JG cells. We found that SNAP23 protein is expressed and colocalized with renin-containing granules in primary cultures of mouse JG cell lysates. Thus, we then tested the involvement of SNAP23 in cAMP-stimulated renin release by transducing JG cells with a dominant-negative SNAP23 construct. In control JG cells transduced with a scrambled sequence, increasing cAMP stimulated renin release from 1.3 ± 0.3 to 5.3 ± 1.2% of renin content. In cells transduced with dominant-negative SNAP23, cAMP increased renin from 1.0 ± 0.1 to 3.0 ± 0.6% of renin content, a 50% blockade. Botulinum toxin E, which cleaves and inactivates SNAP23, reduced cAMP-stimulated renin release by 42 ± 17%. Finally, adenovirus-mediated silencing of SNAP23 significantly blocked cAMP-stimulated renin release by 50 ± 13%. We concluded that the SNARE protein SNAP23 mediates cAMP-stimulated renin release. These data show that renin release is a SNARE-dependent process.
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Cahyanti, Suhartiningsih Dwi Nur, and Dipta Linggar Wisma Ning Ayu. "The exploration of Bacillus spp. as antagonist agents against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines from the weed phyllosphere in soybean plantation." Journal of Tropical Industrial Agriculture and Rural Development 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jtiard.v1i1.16411.
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Bacterial pustules caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is one of the important diseases in soybean plants. Bacillus bacteria from the soybean phyllosphere have the potential to inhibit these pathogens. Weed phyllosphere in soybean plantations is also a good habitat for Bacillus life. The purpose of this study was to obtain Bacillus from the weed phyllosphere which has the potential as an antagonistic agent against Xag. The study methods included exploration, screening, and physio-biochemical identification. The results obtained 31 isolates and 22 of them were able to inhibit Xag with various inhibitory properties. Five strains of Bacillus spp. had large inhibitory effects against Xag, namely strain Bp 2(2), Jg3(3), Bg d1(1), Jg 1(3) and Jg 1(4)1. The Bacillus strain Bp2(2) had the largest inhibition zone witht 15 mm and strain Jg1(4)1 had the fastest colony growth with 68 mm. Five Bacillus spp had different growth capability based on the environmental condition and carbon source. The physio-biochemical identification results indicated that Bacillus strain Jg 3(6), Bg d 1(1), Jg 1(3), Jg 1(4)1 had the similar characteristics to B. licheniformis, while strain Bp 2(2) had the similar characteristics to B. coagulans.
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Aroniadou-Anderjaska, Vassiliki, Fu-Ming Zhou, Catherine A. Priest, Matthew Ennis, and Michael T. Shipley. "Tonic and Synaptically Evoked Presynaptic Inhibition of Sensory Input to the Rat Olfactory Bulb Via GABABHeteroreceptors." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 1194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1194.
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Olfactory receptor neurons of the nasal epithelium send their axons, via the olfactory nerve (ON), to the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb (OB), where the axon terminals form glutamatergic synapses with the apical dendrites of mitral and tufted cells, the output cells of the OB, and with juxtaglomerular (JG) interneurons. Many JG cells are GABAergic. Here we show that, despite the absence of conventional synapses, GABA released from JG cells activates GABAB receptors on ON terminals and inhibits glutamate release both tonically and in response to ON stimulation. Field potential recordings and current-source density analysis, as well as intracellular and whole cell recording techniques were used in rat OB slices. Baclofen (2–5 μM), a GABAB agonist, completely suppressed ON-evoked synaptic responses of both mitral/tufted cells and JG cells, with no evidence for postsynaptic effects. Baclofen (0.5–1 μM) also reversed paired-pulse depression (PPD) of mitral/tufted cell responses to paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), and reduced depression of JG cell excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) during repetitive ON stimulation. These results suggest that baclofen reduced the probability of glutamate release from ON terminals. The GABAB antagonists CGP35348 or CGP55845A increased mitral/tufted cell responses evoked by single-pulse ON stimulation, suggesting that glutamate release from ON terminals is tonically suppressed via GABAB receptors. The same antagonists reduced PPD of ON-evoked mitral/tufted cell responses at interstimulus intervals 50–400 ms. This finding suggests that a single ON impulse evokes sufficient GABA release, presumably from JG cells, to activate GABAB receptors on ON terminals. Thus GABAB heteroreceptors on ON terminals are activated by ambient levels of extrasynaptic GABA, and by ON input to the OB. The time course of ON-evoked, GABABpresynaptic inhibition suggests that neurotransmission to M/T cells and JG cells will be significantly suppressed when ON impulses arrive in glomeruli at 2.5–20 Hz. GABAB receptor–mediated presynaptic inhibition of sensory input to the OB may play an important role in shaping the activation pattern of the OB glomeruli during olfactory coding.
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Feinig, Jakob, and Diren Valayden. "The Pedagogy of the Job Guarantee." Radical Teacher 119 (April 17, 2021): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/rt.2021.754.
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In this article, we offer a pedagogical framework that explores possibilities for the democratic control over socio-economic life via a Job Guarantee (JG), the legally guaranteed and publicly financed right to productive work with benefits wherever one lives, or wants to live. In the first part of the JG project, students interview local leaders and residents to gauge what people can do for each other. Through these interviews, students and community members identify untapped possibilities and think about matching local needs with local skills in a collaborative process. The interviews and other class activities are designed to familiarize students with the JG framing that sees unemployed people as an asset not a burden. This framework challenges the dehumanizing idea that people can be superfluous, useless, a threat, or a burden. We also situate the JG as part of Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) and discuss money as a governance mechanism that enables people to organize, and potentially democratize, socio-economic life.
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Fisher, Tina G., Terry F. McElwain, and Guy H. Palmer. "Molecular Basis for Variable Expression of Merozoite Surface Antigen gp45 among American Isolates ofBabesia bigemina." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 3782–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.6.3782-3790.2001.
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ABSTRACT Immunization with the merozoite surface glycoprotein gp45 induces protection against challenge using the homologousBabesia bigemina strain. However, gp45 B-cell epitopes are highly polymorphic among B. bigemina strains isolated from different geographical locations within North and South America. The molecular basis for this polymorphism was investigated using the JG-29 biological clone of a Mexico strain of B. bigeminaand comparison with the Puerto Rico, St. Croix, and Texcoco strains. The molecular size and antibody reactivity of gp45 expressed by the JG-29 clone were identical to those of the parental Mexico strain. gp45 cDNA and the genomic locus encompassinggp45 were cloned and sequenced from JG-29. The locus sequence and Southern blot data were consistent with a singlegp45 copy in the JG-29 genome. The JG-29 cDNA expressed the full-length protein recognized by the gp45-specific monoclonal antibody 14/1.3.2. The genomes of the Puerto Rico and St. Croix strains of B. bigemina were shown to lack a closely related gp45-like gene by PCR using multiple primer sets and by Southern blots using both full-length and region-specific gp45 probes. This genomic difference was confirmed using unpassaged isolates from a 1999 disease outbreak in Puerto Rico. In contrast, the Texcoco strain retains a gp45gene, encoding an open reading frame identical to that of JG-29. However, the Texcoco gp45 gene is not transcribed. These two mechanisms, lack of a closely related gp45-like gene and failure to transcribe gp45, result in generation of antigenic polymorphism among B. bigeminastrains, and the latter mechanism is unique compared to prior mechanisms of antigenic polymorphism identified in babesial parasites.
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Rayson, BM, and SJ Cannizzo. "Establishment of Optimal Juxtaglomerular Cell Models." Physiology 9, no. 4 (August 1, 1994): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1994.9.4.188.
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Circulating renin is synthesized, stored, and released from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells, first identified in 1925. A range of JG cell systems has been developed to promote the characterization of the regulation of renin synthesis and release, with some recent success. Each approach, though, remains subject to specific drawbacks.
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Arirohman, Ilham Dwi, Akhmad Zidni Hudaya, D. Deendarlianto, and I. Indarto. "Perilaku Aliran Stratified Ditinjau dari Karakteristik Visual dan Tebal Film Cairan pada Pipa Horizontal." Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmdt.52810.
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Perilaku aliran stratified searah horizontal diteliti secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode parallel wire dan visual. Eksperimen dilakukan pada pipa akrilik berdiameter 26 mm dan panjang 9,5 m. Beberapa sub pola aliran stratified yang telah dilaporkan oleh peneliti-peneliti sebelumnya dapat teramati dengan melakukan variasi kecepatan superfisial udara (JG) dari 4 – 20 m/s dan kecepatan superfisial air (JL) dari 0,01 – 0,1 m/s. Ketebalan film cairan diukur dengan menggunakan sensor parallel wire, sementara kecepatan gelombang dihitung berdasarkan waktu delay yang diperoleh dari teknik cross correlation. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ketebalan rerata film cairan menurun seiring meningkatnya JG, sementara kecepatan gelombang secara umum meningkat dengan meningkatnya JG dan JL.
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Schenzel, Peter, and Sohail Zafar. "Algebraic properties of the binomial edge ideal of a complete bipartite graph." Analele Universitatii "Ovidius" Constanta - Seria Matematica 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 217–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auom-2014-0043.
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AbstractLet JG denote the binomial edge ideal of a connected undirected graph on n vertices. This is the ideal generated by the binomials xiyj − xjyi, 1 ≤ i < j≤ n, in the polynomial ring S = K[x1, . . . , xn, y1, . . . , yn] where {i, j} is an edge of G. We study the arithmetic properties of S/JG for G, the complete bipartite graph. In particular we compute dimensions, depths, Castelnuovo-Mumford regularities, Hilbert functions and multiplicities of them. As main results we give an explicit description of the modules of deficiencies, the duals of local cohomology modules, and prove the purity of the minimal free resolution of S/JG.
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Bhat, Vinayak J., Sahitya V. Vegesna, Mahdi Kiani, Xianyue Zhao, Daniel Blaschke, Nan Du, Manja Vogel, et al. "Detecting Bacterial Cell Viability in Few µL Solutions from Impedance Measurements on Silicon-Based Biochips." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 3541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073541.
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Using two different types of impedance biochips (PS5 and BS5) with ring top electrodes, a distinct change of measured impedance has been detected after adding 1–5 µL (with dead or live Gram-positive Lysinibacillus sphaericus JG-A12 cells to 20 µL DI water inside the ring top electrode. We relate observed change of measured impedance to change of membrane potential of L. sphaericus JG-A12 cells. In contrast to impedance measurements, optical density (OD) measurements cannot be used to distinguish between dead and live cells. Dead L. sphaericus JG-A12 cells have been obtained by adding 0.02 mg/mL of the antibiotics tetracycline and 0.1 mg/mL chloramphenicol to a batch with OD0.5 and by incubation for 24 h, 30 °C, 120 rpm in the dark. For impedance measurements, we have used batches with a cell density of 25.5 × 108 cells/mL (OD8.5) and 270.0 × 108 cells/mL (OD90.0). The impedance biochip PS5 can be used to detect the more resistive and less capacitive live L. sphaericus JG-A12 cells. Also, the impedance biochip BS5 can be used to detect the less resistive and more capacitive dead L. sphaericus JG-A12 cells. An outlook on the application of the impedance biochips for high-throughput drug screening, e.g., against multi-drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, is given.
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Rahayu, Siti, and Suhartiningsih Dwi Nurcahyanti. "Pengendalian Penyakit Pustul Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Pada Kedelai Dengan Bacillus spp. Asal Filosfer Gulma di Pertanaman Kedelai." Jurnal Pengendalian Hayati 2, no. 2 (March 23, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jph.v2i2.17141.
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Soybean pustule disease by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is one of the important diseases of soybean plant. Application Bacillus spp. origin of weed phyllosphere has a great potential as an alternative to control because it is isolated to origin of same region as Xag is the phyllosphere. Research by Nurcahyanti and Ayu obtained the best five isolates of Bacillus spp. of weeds phyllosphere in soybean cropping in inhibiting Xag in vitro. This study used the complete random draft (RAL) 6 treatment, 4 repeats, each unit consists of 4 plants wich treatment application of 5 isolates of Bacillus spp. namely K = control; A = Bacillus JG 1.3; B = Bacillus JG 3.6; C = Bacillus JG 1.4.1; D = Bacillus BGd 1.1; E = Bacillus Bp 2.2. The results showed that application of Bacillus spp. could inhibit Xag in vitro with bacteriostatic mechanism and isolates Bacillus BGd 1.1 has the greatest inhibition of 14.25 mm. Fifth Bacillus spp. can suppress the development of disease and isolates Bacillus BGd 1.1 has best results with the incubation period during 13 HSI, the severity of disease 10.07%, infection rate 0.045 unit/day as well as the effectiveness of control 85.72%. The fifth isolates of Bacillus spp. can not increase the number of leaves but can increase number of branches and isolates Bacillus JG 1.3, Bacillus JG 1.4.1 and Bacillus BGd 1.1 can increase the height of soybean crop.
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Todorov, Vladimir, Markus Müller, Frank Schweda, and Armin Kurtz. "Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibits renin gene expression." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 283, no. 5 (November 1, 2002): R1046—R1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00142.2002.
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Renin, produced in renal juxtaglomerular (JG) cells, is a fundamental regulator of blood pressure. Accumulating evidence suggests that cytokines may directly influence renin production in the JG cells. TNF-α, which is one of the key mediators in immunity and inflammation, is known to participate in the control of vascular proliferation and contraction and hence in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Thus TNF-α may exert its effects on the cardiovascular system through modulation of renal renin synthesis. Therefore we have tested the effect of TNF-α on renin transcription in As4.1 cells, which represent transformed mouse JG cells, and in native mouse JG cells in culture. Renin gene expression was also determined in mice lacking the gene for TNF-α (TNF-α knockout mice). TNF-α inhibited renin gene expression via an inhibition of the transcriptional activity, targeting the proximal 4.1 kb of the renin promoter in As4.1 cells. TNF-α also attenuated forskolin-stimulated renin gene expression in primary cultures of mouse JG cells. Mice lacking the TNF-α gene had almost threefold higher basal renal renin mRNA abundance relative to the control strain. The general physiological regulation of renin expression by salt was not disturbed in TNF-α knockout mice. Our data suggest that TNF-α inhibits renin gene transcription at the cellular level and thus may act as a modulator of renin synthesis in (physio)pathological situations.
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Ortiz-Capisano, M. Cecilia, Douglas K. Atchison, Pamela Harding, Robert D. Lasley, and William H. Beierwaltes. "Adenosine inhibits renin release from juxtaglomerular cells via an A1 receptor-TRPC-mediated pathway." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 305, no. 8 (October 15, 2013): F1209—F1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00710.2012.
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Renin is synthesized and released from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Adenosine inhibits renin release via an adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) calcium-mediated pathway. How this occurs is unknown. In cardiomyocytes, adenosine increases intracellular calcium via transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. We hypothesized that adenosine inhibits renin release via A1R activation, opening TRPC channels. However, higher concentrations of adenosine may stimulate renin release through A2R activation. Using primary cultures of isolated mouse JG cells, immunolabeling demonstrated renin and A1R in JG cells, but not A2R subtypes, although RT-PCR indicated the presence of mRNA of both A2AR and A2BR. Incubating JG cells with increasing concentrations of adenosine decreased renin release. Different concentrations of the adenosine receptor agonist N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) did not change renin. Activating A1R with 0.5 μM N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) decreased basal renin release from 0.22 ± 0.05 to 0.14 ± 0.03 μg of angiotensin I generated per milliliter of sample per hour of incubation (AngI/ml/mg prot) ( P < 0.03), and higher concentrations also inhibited renin. Reducing extracellular calcium with EGTA increased renin release (0.35 ± 0.08 μg AngI/ml/mg prot; P < 0.01), and blocked renin inhibition by CHA (0.28 ± 0.06 μg AngI/ml/mg prot; P < 0. 005 vs. CHA alone). The intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM increased renin release by 55%, and blocked the inhibitory effect of CHA. Repeating these experiments in JG cells from A1R knockout mice using CHA or NECA demonstrated no effect on renin release. However, RT-PCR showed mRNA from TRPC isoforms 3 and 6 in isolated JG cells. Adding the TRPC blocker SKF-96365 reversed CHA-mediated inhibition of renin release. Thus A1R activation results in a calcium-dependent inhibition of renin release via TRPC-mediated calcium entry, but A2 receptors do not regulate renin release.
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Ojeda, Ricardo José Montesinos, Odair Alves de Lima, Massimiliano Zanin, and Laurindo de Salles Leal Filho. "Parâmetros de dispersão de ar em células mecânicas de flotação em usinas brasileiras." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 65, no. 2 (June 2012): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672012000200017.
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O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar e discutir a determinação dos parâmetros de dispersão de ar em células mecânicas de flotação, em circuitos industriais brasileiros. Foram investigados os circuitos rougher e scavenger das usinas RPM, Taquari-Vassouras, Copebras e Fosfértil-Catalão (atual Vale Fertilizantes). Nas usinas RPM e Taquari-Vassouras, foram determinados a velocidade superficial do ar (Jg), o hold-up do ar (εg), o diâmetro médio de bolhas (d32) e o fluxo de área superficial de bolhas (Sb). Para as outras usinas, foram determinados somente o Jg e εg. Os resultados mostraram que, com exceção da RPM, todos os circuitos investigados apresentaram baixos valores para os parâmetros de dispersão do ar. Taquari-Vassouras apresentou os mais baixos valores médios para Jg e εg, respectivamente, 0,05 cm/s e 5%. Os maiores valores de Jg foram determinados no circuito rougher da Copebras, 1,17 cm/s, ao passo que a RPM apresentou os maiores valores para o hold-up e tamanho de bolha, respectivamente, 31% e 2,61mm. Os valores obtidos, para Sb, situaram-se abaixo daqueles reportados na literatura.
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Sinn, Patrick L., Xiaoji Zhang, and Curt D. Sigmund. "JG cell expression and partial regulation of a human renin genomic transgene driven by a minimal renin promoter." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 277, no. 4 (October 1, 1999): F634—F642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1999.277.4.f634.
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In the kidney, renin gene expression is exquisitely localized to the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells lining the afferent arteriole, having the capacity to regulate renin synthesis in response to a variety of physiological cues. We investigated human renin gene expression in transgenic mice containing a genomic construct driven by 149 bp of its proximal promoter to elucidate whether this was sufficient to confer JG-specific expression. Whereas human renin mRNA was permissively expressed in most tissues, the transgene was expressed mainly in JG cells in the kidney. Active human renin and human prorenin were found in the systemic circulation at levels consistent with previous transgenic models. Remarkably, two lines displayed an appropriate upregulation of transgene mRNA in response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, and two lines exhibited a downregulation of transgene mRNA in response to subpressor and pressor doses of ANG II. Our results suggest that 149 bp of the human renin proximal promoter, in a context of a genomic construct, are sufficient to confer human renin expression in renal JG cells and at least some aspects of appropriate regulation.
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Buhrle, C. P., R. Nobiling, and R. Taugner. "Intracellular recordings from renin-positive cells of the afferent glomerular arteriole." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 249, no. 2 (August 1, 1985): F272—F281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1985.249.2.f272.
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Intracellular recordings were made in juxtaglomerular granulated (JG) cells and in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells in afferent arterioles of hydronephrotic mouse kidneys. Both cell types did not differ in their passive and active electrical membrane properties; membrane potential was about -58 mV, input resistance exceeded 400 M omega, and JG as well as VSM cells showed spontaneous depolarizations resembling excitatory junction potentials and active responses observed in smooth muscle cells of other blood vessels in various species. These depolarizations, attributed to spontaneous transmitter release from adrenergic terminals, were extremely polymorphous and quite frequent. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, arginine vasopressin, and angiotensin II depolarized JG and VSM cells, but isoproterenol and orciprenaline had no effect. A hyperpolarizing action of catecholamines was never observed. It is suggested that, in this in vitro preparation, isoproterenol increases renin secretion by a mechanism independent of membrane potential changes. Depolarizations mediated by alpha-mimetic agents, arginine vasopressin, and angiotensin II, as well as by the junctional activity may inhibit renin secretion by an increased calcium influx into JG cells.
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Taufiq, Abdullah, Titik Sundari, Arief Harsono, Didik Harnowo, Siti Mutmaidah, Yuliantoro Baliadi, Andy Wijanarko, and Novita Nugrahaeni. "Evaluasi Teknologi Tumpangsari Kedelai dengan Padi Gogo dan Jagung." Buletin Palawija 18, no. 1 (May 29, 2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bulpa.v18n1.2020.p20-32.
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<p class="teks">Tumpangsari (TS) kedelai dengan padi gogo atau jagung merupakan salah satu strategi meningkatkan luas panen dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model tanam TS padi gogo (pg)+ kedelai (kd) dan TS jagung (jg)+ kedelai (kd) yang optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di IP2TP Kendalpayak mulai Oktober 2018 hingga Januari 2019. Perlakuan terdiri atas kombinasi empat model tanam dengan dua varietas kedelai (Dega 1 dan Dena 1) termasuk pemupukannya pada TS pg+kd dan TS jg+kd. Varietas padi gogo dan jagung berturut-turut Inpago 10 dan Bima 19. Model tanam (M) pada TS pg+kd terdiri atas: M1: 75% pg + 91% kd tanpa pupuk, M2: 37% pg + 91% kd tanpa pupuk, M3: 37% pg + 152% kd dipupuk 23-36-30 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pupuk kandang (pukan), dan M4: 18% pg+72% kd dipupuk 23-36-30 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Padi gogo ditanam bersamaan dengan kedelai, dengan dosis pemupukan 144,5-52,5-52,5 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Model tanam pada TS jg+kd terdiri atas: M1: 150% jg ditanam 3 minggu setelah kedelai + 114% kd dipupuk 38-15-15 kg/ha N, P, K, M2: 150% jg + 114% kd dipupuk 107-15-15 kg/ha N, P, K + 2,5 t/ha pukan, M3: 150% jg + 227% kd dipupuk seperti pada M2, dan M4: 52% jg + 70% kd dipupuk 23-36-36 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Dosis pemupukan jagung 167,5-52,5-52,5 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model tanam optimal pada TS padi gogo + kedelai adalah Model 1 dan Model 2 menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1, dengan keuntungan masing-masing Rp9.086.500 dan Rp8.896.500/ha. Model yang optimal pada TS jagung + kedelai adalah Model 1 menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1 dengan keuntungan Rp20.121.400/ha. Masing-masing model tanam tersebut mempunyai keunggulan dalam hal produktivitas dan perolehan keuntungan dibandingkan model lainnya yang diuji. Oleh karena itu, pada TS padi gogo + kedelai dengan Model 1 atau Model 2 atau pada TS jagung + kedelai dengan Model 1 lebih dianjurkan menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1 dibandingkan Dena 1.<br /><br /></p>
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Landry, Erik J., and David J. Wolyn. "Cold Acclimation Attributes of Two Asparagus Cultivars with Varying Patterns of Fern Senescence." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 136, no. 3 (May 2011): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.136.3.177.
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Adequate winterhardiness is crucial for yield stability of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) cultivars in southern Ontario, Canada, and could be influenced by pattern of the fall fern senescence. Fern of cultivar Guelph Millennium (GM) turns yellow or senesces by mid-October, before that of cultivar Jersey Giant (JG), which often remains green until a killing frost. Early fern senescence could be a signal for cold acclimation competency and consequently winterhardiness, explaining the superior stand longevity and yield observed for GM compared with JG. A field experiment was conducted from mid-August to November to measure physiological parameters related to cold acclimation in fern, rhizome, and storage roots. During fall, fern chlorophyll concentration, rhizome nitrogen concentration, percent water of the crown, and storage root LT50 (temperature at which 50% cell death occurs) decreased. Cultivars did not differ for storage root percent water; however, values were smaller (greater dehydration) for GM than JG in the rhizome. At the end of the sampling period, GM had higher and lower concentrations of rhizome low-molecular-weight, non-structural carbohydrates and sucrose, respectively, than JG, which could support a hypothesis of greater winterhardiness in GM. Storage root LT50 values of –19 °C and the lack of cultivar differences for this trait, in conjunction with differences between GM and JG for rhizome traits thought to be important for freezing tolerance, suggest characteristics of the rhizome in conjunction with timing of fern senescence may be important in cold acclimation of asparagus.
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Ahmad, Faraz, Widyan Alamoudi, Shafiul Haque, Mohammad Salahuddin, and Khaldoon Alsamman. "Simple, reliable, and time-efficient colorimetric method for the assessment of mitochondrial function and toxicity." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 18, no. 4 (November 7, 2018): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2018.3323.
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Mitochondria are organelles involved in the production of cellular energy, regulation of Ca2+ and redox signaling, and are critical for normal functioning of eukaryotic cells. The dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders and different types of cancers. To better understand the role of mitochondria in healthy and disease states, the development of efficient and reliable tools for the assessment of mitochondrial function is particularly important. Janus green B (JG-B) is a supravital lipophilic cationic dye which, in its oxidized form, has a green-blue color. As JG-B is taken up and reduced by metabolically active mitochondria, the dye has been used for assessing the purity, integrity and metabolic activity of mitochondria with microscopy-based methods. Here we present a simple, time- and cost-efficient JG-B-based colorimetric assay for assessing mitochondrial function, activity and toxicity. The method is based upon reduction of JG-B by mitochondrial dehydrogenases to diethylsafranine, which is pink colored and has a maximum absorption at 550 nm. In this proof of principle study, using in vitro mitochondrial preparations isolated from rat brain, we provide evidence that monitoring JG-B conversion to diethylsafranine can be used as a reliable and robust indicator of mitochondrial activity and toxicity. Because of its simplicity and efficiency in terms of costs and time, this assay has a wide potential in analytical as well as therapeutic areas of biomedical research.
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Jensen, B. L., and O. Skott. "Renin release from permeabilized juxtaglomerular cells is stimulated by chloride but not by low calcium." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 266, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): F604—F611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1994.266.4.f604.
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The intracellular concentrations of calcium and chloride have been suggested to be involved in the control of renin secretion from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. We have tested these propositions on permeabilized JG cells. Rat glomeruli with attached JG cells were isolated by the magnetic iron technique, superfused, and permeabilized by 20 microM digitonin for 12 min. The calcium concentration was varied with Ca ethylene glycol-bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) buffers [0 (5 MM EGTA without calcium), 17, 73, 170, 440, or 700 nM and 1.5, 15 or 150 microM]. These maneuvers had no effect on renin release, while 1.5 mM calcium caused a stimulation, which was not inhibited by 50 mM sucrose. Isosmotic increases in the chloride concentration to 25, 60, and 132 mM resulted in prompt stimulations of renin release. Similarly, iodide and nitrate stimulated renin release. We conclude that renin release from permeabilized JG cells is unaffected by calcium concentrations in the nano- and micromolar range, while the release is stimulated by chloride or other permeant anions. We suggest that in intact JG cells an increase in calcium inhibits renin release through activation of chloride channels followed by a drop in the intracellular chloride concentration. The stimulation caused by the high calcium concentration may be a toxic effect or may be due to stimulation of the fusion between granules and cell membrane in a way analogous to other secretory cells.
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Wang, Angela Yee-Moon, John E. Sanderson, Mei Wang, Siu-Fai Lui, Mandy Man-Mei Sea, Jean Woo, Christopher Wai-Kei Lam, and Iris Hiu-Shuen Chan. "Reply to C Fourtounas and JG Vlachojannis." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 436–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26945.
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Szeto, George, and Lianyong Xue. "The Galois algebras and the Azumay Galois extensions." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 31, no. 1 (2002): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171202110386.
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LetBbe a Galois algebra over a commutative ringRwith Galois groupG,Cthe center ofB,K={g∈G|g(c)=c for all c∈C},Jg{b∈B|bx=g(x)b for all x∈B}for eachg∈K, andBK=(⊕∑g∈K Jg). ThenBKis a central weakly Galois algebra with Galois group induced byK. Moreover, an Azumaya Galois extensionBwith Galois groupKis characterized by usingBK.
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Van Hees, Pieter. "Signalement van: ZL. Literair-historisch tijdschrift, jg. 1, 2001, nr. 0 en jg. 1, 2001, nr. 1 (2001)." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 61, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v61i2.12838.
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Jayadi, Farid, Sudarja, Wenang, Indarto, and Deendarlianto. "Fraksi Hampa Campuran Gliserin-Air dan Udara Pada Pipa Horizontal Berukuran Mini." Teknika STTKD: Jurnal Teknik, Elektronik, Engine 6, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56521/teknika.v6i1.183.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang karakteristik aliran air-udara. Salah satu karakteristik yang penting dalam aliran dua fasa adalah Fraksi hampa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada seksi uji berupa pipa kaca dengan diameter 1,6 mm posisi horisontal. Fluida yang digunakan adalah air-udara dan campuran air-gliserin dengan konsentrasi 20%. Kecepatan superfisial gas (JG)=0,033 – 4,935 m/s, dan kecepatan superfisial cairan (JL)=0,025 – 66,3 m/s. Data fraksi hampa diperoleh dari pengambilan gambar pada seksi uji menggunakan kamera berkecepatan tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara pola aliran dan fraksi hampa sangatlah berpengaruh didalam menentukan karakteristik aliran dua fasa. Pola aliran bubbly dan slug, fraksi hampanya meningkat dengan meningkatnya JG. Fraksi hampa yang diukur adalah sama atau lebih besar dari fraksi hampa homogen. Pola aliran churn, slug-annular, dan annular, tidak ada hubungan yang jelas antara JG dan fraksi hampa diamati ketika JG meningkat, karena tingginya slip rasio antara gas dan cairan. Pembuktian bahwa, untuk aliran bubbly dan slug, fraksi hampa dekat dengan garis homogen, sedangkan untuk aliran churn, annular, dan slug-annular yang jauh di bawah garis homogen. Ini menunjukkan bahwa rasio slip untuk kelompok kedua pola aliran lebih tinggi daripada 1