Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Jews Russia History 19th century'

The late 19th and early 20th century was a time of change for the Jewish people of Baghdad. Cultural influences from Europe and North America were making their presence felt and some Jewish Baghdadis actively sought to incorporate these into their personal and professional lives. To facilitate this process of acculturation, the Jewish community established schools that provided both a western education and a Jewish one. This essay studies these schools and considers the larger challenges that the community faced in seeking to be both western and Jewish while living in the Arab world. A brief history of the Jews of Baghdad and their standing in the city through the ages is also included.

Race science is built on ideas of division and categorization. In the historian's quest to tell the story of race science, certain frameworks have been used that can greatly inhibit our understanding of this fraught topic. The impulse to study race science in the framework of the nation-state has led to certain misconceptions and lends itself to a historical narrative wherein racist concepts stop at artificially imposed borders. In addition, the national framework detracts from the individual's contributions and instead lumps these contributions together on the level of the nation-state, thus opening the door for judgments about whole nations being more or less responsible for race science. In this work, I explore contributions to race science pertaining to the "Jewish race" (which I have simplified to the phrase "Jewish race science") made by individual French writers and scholars. These contributions have been overlooked at times by historians who look to more notorious examples, such as those made by German race science theorists; in failing comprehensively to examine all significant contributions to race science, historians have often inhibited their own ability to understand Jewish race science fully. If such a historical field is to be understood, one must be aware of the full range of development of Jewish race science, both in terms of geographical scope and scholarly focus. By bringing attention to Jewish race science contributions made in nineteenth-century France, it is my intention to broaden the understanding of this field and to help bring about a new approach to the field that is less reliant on the nationalist framework in its evaluation of the nature and impact of race science.

This thesis examines the role nineteenth-century women's literary journals, specifically Ladies' Journal (1823--1833), played in the development of Russian literature. The longest-lived and most-circulated of the pre-Soviet women's literary journals, Ladies' Journal was well-positioned to have contributed to the on-going formation of a national literature through its influence on the Russian woman writer and reader. Ladies' Journal served as a forum for new Russian women writers and translators. It also promoted the discussion of women's issues. However, Ladies' Journal had a contradictory editorial policy concerning women and literature. While advocating women stake their own ground as writers, Ladies' Journal modeled the type of writer it wanted. The ideal writer was the inspiration of male poets and did not differ from the Romantic heroine or the ideal Romantic woman. This was a gesture in the spirit of the time, but it had consequences for Russian literature and for the poetics and politics of Russian women's journals to come.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: After 1880 more and more Jews (mostly of East European descent) moved into the rural areas of South Africa. Initially they travelled across the country as hawkers but later settled permanently in many of the smaller towns. In most cases they opened shops or started businesses of another kind. Due to the nature of their work the Jews mostly came into contact with the Afrikaans speaking community. Although these two groups differed considerably in many ways, especially as regards language and religion, the Jews adapted and integrated fairly quickly. They became involved with the Afrikaans speaking community in various ways and made a substantial contribution. Although their involvement in and contribution to the economy can be considered as the most important, they also played a considerable role in other areas such as politics, education, language, sport and recreation. The presence of the Jews in rural South Africa was important not only because of their integration with the Afrikaans speaking community and the contribution they made as a group, but also because of the extent to which the two groups influenced each other. Both groups were culturally enriched and the South African country town developed a unique character due to the presence or the Jews and their involvement in the life and activities of the townspeople. Although the Jews were influenced by the Afrikaans speaking community and thus acquired new cultural assets, they still to a large extent retained their Jewish identity. On the whole there was a very good relationship between the Afrikaans speaking rural population and the Jews. After 1950 an increasingly large number of Jews moved to the cities. The depopulation of the rural areas, as regards to Jews, took place to such an extent that today only a few Jewish families remain in rural areas.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Na 1880 is Jode (hoofsaaklik van Oos-Europese afkoms) toenemend op die Suid- Afrikaanse platteland aangetref. Aanvanklik het hulle as smouse die landelike gebiede deurkruis. Later het hulle hulle egter permanent op die plattelandse dorpe gevestig - in die meeste gevalle het hulle 'n winkel of ander soort besigheid begin. Die Jode het uit die aard van hulle werk oorwegend met die Afrikaanssprekende gemeenskap in aanraking gekom. Alhoewel daar definitiewe verskille tussen dié twee groepe was, veral ten opsigte van godsdiens en taal, het die Jode redelik gou aangepas en ingeskakel. Hulle het op verskillende terreine by die Afrikaanssprekende gemeenskap betrokke geraak en 'n substansiële bydrae gelewer. Hoewel hulle betrokkenheid en bydrae tot die ekonomiese terrein as die belangrikste beskou kan word, het hulle ook op baie ander gebiede soos byvoorbeeld politiek, opvoeding, taal, sport en ontspanning belangrike bydraes gelewer. Die Jode se teenwoordigheid op die Suid-Afrikaanse platteland was nie slegs belangrik as gevolg van hulle inskakeling by die Afrikaanssprekende gemeenskap of die bydrae wat hulle as groep gelewer het nie, maar ook as gevolg van die mate waarin albei groepe mekaar beïnvloed het. Die Jode se aanwesigheid en hulle betrokkenheid by die dorp se bedrywighede en mense het meegebring dat albei groepe kultureel verryk is en dat die Suid-Afrikaanse platteland 'n unieke karakter verkry het. Hoewel die Jode deur die Afrikaanssprekende gemeenskap beïnvloed is en hulle as groep nuwe kultuurgoedere bygekry het, het hulle steeds in 'n groot mate hulle Joodse identiteit behou. Daar was oor die algemeen 'n baie goeie verhouding tussen die Afrikaanssprekende plattelanders en die Jode. Na ongeveer 1950 het daar geleidelik 'n toenemende getal Jode na die stede verhuis. Die ontvolking van die platteland met betrekking tot die Jode het in so 'n mate plaasgevind dat daar vandag slegs enkele Joodse gesinne op die meeste plattelandse dorpe oor is.

The purpose of this study is to determine how Galician Jewish emigration during the period 1869-1880 was affected by the Austrian Constitution of 21 December 1867, and in particular by Article IV of said constitution's Fundamental Law Concerning the General Rights of Citizens which granted freedom of movement for the first time to Habsburg subjects. Various demographic, economic, political and societal factors particular to migration, to Galicia and to Galician Jewry are examined in order to establish the effect of the 1867 Constitution on Galician Jewish emigration.

x, 90 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
As a key figure in Imperial Russia's Great Reforms from 1861 to 1874, Count Dmitrii Alekseevich Miliutin has received a good deal of attention by historians and scholars; however, his recently published memoirs have yet to be used extensively as the foundation for any study. Having them readily at one's fingertips would be a boon by itself, but to examine them using a different methodology could potentially provide a totally unique perspective. The methodology in question was based on the assumption that war influenced societies and society affected how war was conducted. By reexamining Imperial Russia's military administrative and social reforms with the newly published memoirs and afore-mentioned methodology, Miliutin's logic in formulating the reforms became apparent, as did his intended results, which included a challenge to the privileged status of Russia's ensconced power elites.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Alan Kimball, Chair; Dr. Julie Hessler; Dr. Alex Dracobly

This thesis analyses Fyodor Dostoyevsky's discussion of individual radicalisation and terrorism in three of his major novels: Notes from Underground, Crime and Punishment and The Devils. Whilst the issues of radical ideology and terrorism have often been independently discussed by Dostoyevsky scholars, little attention has been devoted to the study of the process of radicalisation undergone by Dostoyevsky's protagonists, whereby the extreme fulfilment of radical ideals culminates in political violence. This investigation traces the evolution of Dostoyevsky's individual in the context of the radically changing socio-political environment of nineteenth-century Russia. The development of this individual will be examined throughout the novels as he initially questions, and is hostile to, radical ideology, gradually embraces its tenets and tests its validity through the use of violence and eventually engages in terrorist activity. Dostoyevsky felt himself impotent in the face of the gradual assimilation of utilitarian, materialistic and nihilist ideals by the new generation of Russian intellectuals. In the emulation of Western revolutionary culture, he came to see a threat to Russian nationhood, to true Russian identity and to traditional Russian values such as Orthodox Christianity. In his novels he sought to examine and question the ideologies of leading theorists influenced by Western radical thought; ideologies that he believed were flawed, deceptive and contradictory. This study focuses on the development of the themes of radicalisation and terrorism in the three chosen novels. Emphasis is laid on the devastating impact of radical ideology and terrorist activity on the individual.

La Sécession dans l’architecture à Cracovie (1897-1914) Un costume national, moderne et européen

A la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle, l’Art nouveau envahit la majeure partie de l’Europe. Dans chaque pays, ce mouvement artistique prit des appellations et des physionomies différentes. Mélangé souvent aux traditions locales, ce style international développa un langage original jusqu’à devenir parfois synonyme de style national, revêtant selon le cas un costume national, moderne et européen.

Dans ce contexte international et de promotion de l’identité nationale, le cas très particulier de la Pologne est révélateur, puisqu’elle avait disparue des cartes de l’Europe et était partagée entre trois puissances :la Prusse, la Russie et l’Autriche. Pourtant si l’Etat polonais n’existait plus, la nation n’a jamais cessé d’exister à travers la culture et la religion. A ce titre l’étude de l’architecture de Cracovie, - ancienne capitale de la Pologne, sous occupation austro-hongroise, en Galicie - est significative.

A Cracovie, le style sécessionniste - expression utilisée dans l’Empire austro-hongrois et repris pour l’ensemble de la Pologne - influença le développement de tous les arts. Cependant de nos jours, ces traces sont surtout visibles sur les façades des édifices. De ce fait, notre analyse s’est limitée aux différents costumes sécessionnistes décoratifs dans l’architecture de Cracovie, pendant la période de la Sécession, c’est-à-dire de 1897 à 1914, dans huit quartiers, les plus anciens de la ville.

Au tournant du siècle, Cracovie devint très vite le berceau du mouvement sécessionniste en Pologne, le centre de la modernité, une ville européenne novatrice dans tous les domaines artistiques. Lieu de naissance de la « Jeune Pologne », les premières innovations apparurent grâce à de nombreuses personnalités artistiques marquantes, d’abord en peinture, ensuite en littérature et dans les arts plastiques, enfin en architecture.

La Sécession a laissé une quantité impressionnante de traces dans l’architecture cracovienne, décorant les plus importants monuments de tous les quartiers, s’illustrant dans les immeubles à appartements privés et laissant derrière elle également quelques chefs-d’œuvre.

Le premier chapitre intitulé « La ville de Cracovie », brosse un aperçu du cadre général. Il vise à préciser dans ses grandes lignes le caractère spécifique de la tradition culturelle polonaise à Cracovie.

Le deuxième chapitre « La Sécession et la ville de Cracovie » intègre le rapport de la Sécession à l’intérieur de la ville et ce sous différents angles de vue. C’est doté de cet héritage que les écrivains, les artistes, les architectes et les constructeurs de la fin du siècle vécurent la crise qui remettait en question la fonction et le sens de leur activité par rapport à leur identité nationale. Leur dilemme est illustré par les plus grandes figures de la littérature et des arts plastiques. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence leur difficile tâche d’adaptation de cet héritage culturel, chacun à sa manière, aux problèmes liés aux nouvelles tendances modernes.

Le troisième chapitre intitulé « La Sécession dans l’architecture » constitue le cœur de notre thèse. Il est une analyse rétrospective du système sécessionniste dans l’architecture à Cracovie, accompagné d’un inventaire détaillé de la Sécession dans l’architecture de la ville. Il intègre ensuite ce thème dans le contexte national et le compare avec la situation dans d’autres métropoles européennes.

Le quatrième chapitre, « La Sécession dans les rues de la ville » donne de la perspective à notre inventaire en intégrant la Sécession dans le paysage urbain.

Le cinquième chapitre « L’Homme et la Sécession » s’intéresse à l’interaction entre l’homme et la Sécession et mettra en évidence les propriétaires, les commanditaires, les architectes et les constructeurs.

Enfin, le sixième chapitre intitulé « La Sécession et les juifs de Cracovie » met en relation l’apparition du nouveau style avec une partie de la population polonaise, les juifs de la ville.

De nos jours, il est difficile d’avoir une vue d’ensemble de l’intégration de la Sécession sur les territoires polonais sous occupation au tournant du XIXe et du XXe siècle et dans une plus large mesure en Europe. Il est cependant indéniable qu’elle fit sa première apparition à Cracovie et qu’elle y a marqué de son empreinte une quantité considérable de constructions, avant de s’étendre sur les territoires polonais sous occupation, et prétendre être le berceau de la Sécession en Pologne.

A la différence des autres pays européens, la Sécession cracovienne ne fut pas fondée sur des principes théoriques, sur un programme, résultant de l’évolution socio-historique du pays dont la situation était des plus complexes. En effet, elle a subi l’influence de différents courants européens, surtout de la Sécession viennoise, en revêtant différents costumes :national, moderne et européen.

Résultat de la convergence de facteurs culturels, politiques, économiques, sociaux, démographiques et esthétiques, Cracovie fin de siècle fut un lieu d’expérimentation et constitue encore aujourd’hui, le foyer vivant de cette dynamique culturelle et artistique née à la fin du XIXe siècle.

Si durant l’histoire, la Sécession dans l’architecture de Cracovie n’a pas toujours été appréciée à sa juste valeur, de nos jours un regain d’intérêt se fait sentir notamment par de nouvelles restaurations.

A présent, il est possible de cerner l’ampleur du phénomène sécessionniste à Cracovie. Une analyse de la présence du style dans tous les quartiers de la ville, ainsi que des constructions détruites, est nécessaire afin de mettre en évidence la véritable diffusion du nouveau style dans la ville au tournant du XIXe et du XXe siècle.

La présente thèse constitue un premier pas dans la compréhension du phénomène. Les résultats des travaux en cours au niveau européen permettront d’intégrer davantage la Sécession cracovienne dans un contexte international et de tisser des liens éventuels entre les différents foyers artistiques.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Officier de cavalerie originaire de la noblesse picarde, Armand de Caulaincourt (1773-1827) gravit rapidement tous les échelons de la cour consulaire puis impériale, devenant en 1804 grand-écuyer de l’Empire. Mais, malgré l’importance de ses fonctions curiales, Napoléon le destine à une carrière de diplomate. Après différentes missions, il le nomme ambassadeur de France en Russie, à la fin de l’année 1807. Fervent partisan de l’alliance de Tilsit, Caulaincourt participe à toutes les grandes négociations franco-russes mais doit assister à la lente dégradation des relations entre les deux empires. À son retour à Paris en 1811, son bilan politique est maigre. Sa défense opiniâtre du tsar Alexandre, mais surtout son opposition à la campagne militaire qui se prépare, irritent Napoléon. Elles lui permettent toutefois d’acquérir une nouvelle stature après le désastre de Russie : pour ses contemporains Caulaincourt devient l’« homme de la paix ». Une image que Napoléon réutilise lorsqu’il le charge de le représenter aux congrès de Prague (1813) et de Châtillon (1814). Le duc de Vicence, devenu ministre des Relations extérieures, ne parvient pas à faire accepter la paix ; il lui faut finalement négocier l’abdication de Napoléon et renoncer, après les Cent-Jours, à toute carrière politique. Cette étude, qui s’appuie sur les archives personnelles de Caulaincourt et ses célèbres Mémoires, entend redonner toute son importance à cette figure majeure du Premier Empire, en insistant sur son action et sa pensée dans le domaine de la diplomatie. L’exemple de ce parcours devant permettre de contribuer à reconsidérer et réévaluer le rôle du personnel diplomatique napoléonien
A cavalry officer born into Picardy's landed gentry, Armand de Caulaincourt rose rapidly through the ranks of the consular, and later the imperial court, to become in 1804 Grand Squire of the Empire. However, notwithstanding the importance of his curial functions, Napoleon destined him to a diplomatic career. After several missions, he was appointed as Ambassador of France to Russia (1807). Caulaincourt took part in all the major negotiations between France and Russia, but was forced to witness a slow breakdown in relations between the two Empires. At the time of his return to Paris in 1811, his political accomplishments were unimpressive. His stalwart defense of Tsar Alexander, and especially his opposition to the upcoming military campaign, were an irritation to Napoleon. Nevertheless, these stances allowed him to gain new stature after the disaster in Russia : in the eyes of his contemporaries, he became the “Peacemaker”, an image Napoleon used to his advantage by appointing him his representative at the congresses in Prague (1813) and in Châtillon (1814). The Duke of Vicenza, now Minister for Foreign Affairs, could not, however, broker an agreement in favour of peace : he was forced to negotiate Napoleon's abdication and to give up any hope of political career after the Hundred Days. This study, based on Caulaincourt's personal records and famous Memoirs, aims at restoring a major figure of the First French Empire to his due importance, while focusing on his action and thought in the field of diplomacy. The exemplary value of his career should also allow historians to reconsider and reevaluate the role of Napoleon's diplomatic personnel

Cette thèse cherche à comprendre le phénomène de la circulation des spectacles chorégraphiques de Paris à Saint-Pétersbourg au milieu du XIXe siècle et relève de l’histoire des relations culturelles internationales. La recherche se focalise sur les ballets créés à l’Opéra de Paris et remontés au Grand théâtre de Saint-Pétersbourg par Jules Perrot (1810-1892), danseur et chorégraphe français qui travaille en Russie de 1848 à 1861, et vise à montrer dans quelle mesure les ballets parisiens donnés à Saint-Pétersbourg correspondent à leurs versions originales. Le problème du transfert des spectacles est abordé sous des angles différents, inscrit dans son double contexte exportation-réception et dans la longue tradition des échanges culturels franco-russes. Nous éclairons d’abord le mécanisme des échanges dans le ballet entre la France et la Russie, qui comprend les circulations humaines, les importations en danse et le transport des objets. Ensuite les spectacles sont étudiés dans le processus de leur réalisation des points de vue chorégraphique, musical et scénographique. Nous examinons la réception des ballets dans les deux pays. Les ballets présentés à Saint-Pétersbourg dans des conditions artistiques, intellectuelles et techniques similaires de celles de leur création à Paris s’avèrent proches de leurs versions originales mais revisités pour le meilleur par Perrot : en tant que maître de ballet qui possède une forte personnalité artistique, un grand talent et beaucoup d’expérience, Perrot influence et coordonne différentes parties des spectacles. La tradition du transfert des ballets de la France en Russie au milieu du XIXe siècle permet de conserver les œuvres mais également de les enrichir grâce à la contribution de meilleurs artistes russes et européens, notamment français, présents constamment en Russie dans la cadre d’échanges culturels développés entre les deux pays
This thesis intends to understand the phenomenon of the circulation of choreographic performances from Paris to St. Petersburg in the middle of the 19th century and is part of the history of international cultural relations. The research focuses on ballets created at the Paris Opera and returned to the Grand Theater of St. Petersburg by Jules Perrot (1810-1892), a French dancer and choreographer who worked in Russia from 1848 to 1861, and aims to explain in what measure the Parisian ballets performed in St. Petersburg correspond to their original versions. The problem of transferring shows is approached from different angles, in its dual export-reception context and a long tradition of Franco-Russian cultural exchanges. First, we shed light on the mechanism of ballet exchanges between France and Russia, which includes human movements, dance imports and the transportation of objects. Then the shows are studied in the process of their realization from the choreographic, musical and scenographic points of view. Finally, we examine the ballet reception in both countries. The ballets performed in St. Petersburg under artistic, intellectual and technical conditions similar to those of their creation in Paris are close to their original versions but revisited for the better by Perrot: as a ballet master with a strong artistic personality, a great talent and a lot of experience, Perrot influences and coordinates different parts of the shows. The tradition of transferring ballets from France to Russia in the mid-nineteenth century makes it possible to preserve the works but also to enrich them thanks to the contribution of better Russian and European artists, particularly French, constantly present in Russia in the context of cultural exchanges developed between the two countries

This work is a socio-historical study of the Tula working class between 1880 and 1900. It adds a further regional dimension to the burgeoning scholarship of social historical studies of the worker question within Russian historiography and because of the importance of the labour working class during this period of concentrated industrialisation and worker politicisation, this study seeks to provide a portrait of Tula worker society. The investigation will initially focus on the historiography of the Russian working class, its historians and theories of social change. The industrial history of Tula and the surrounding province is presented, which highlights the role played by foreign entrepreneurs in Tula's early industrial development. Secondly, Tula workers themselves are examined together with their background and what motivated their journey to Tula. The composition of a Tula working class family is analysed, the social and economic ramifications of living in Tula are explored and material is presented on family life, on marriage, and on patterns of residence and household composition. The issue of the permanency of worker ties to Tula is investigated as is that of an hereditary proletariat. Finally, material is presented on cooperatives, mutual aid societies and the incidence of worker unrest. How these developments and events influenced or hindered Tula workers' capacity for collective action and class consciousness is also explored. The study concludes with a summary of the issues raised, in terms of an examination of the interaction between the forces of innovation and tradition, of continuity and discontinuity, in Russian society.

Please read the abstract (Summary) in the section 00front of this document
Thesis (D Phil (Cultural History))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Historical and Heritage Studies
DPhil
unrestricted

In my master thesis I deal with the issue of the identity of 19th century Russian society and the role of the Volga River in it. I focus on the characterization of Russian identity in the broadest sense, on the relationship of human society to nature, and on two case studies from the Upper Volga region. In the theory of Russian identity I consider four of its characteristic features - ambivalence, patriotism, spirituality and sentimentalism - to be crucial. The analysis of the relationship between human society and nature includes a section devoted to the reasons for human attachment to landscape, discusses the concept of national landscapes, and presents the dominant idea of the Russian landscape at the end of the 19th century. The last section is devoted to research on the role of the Volga River in the self-identification of the inhabitants of the Upper Volga region. In a study of the worship of the source of the Volga and in research on folklore, I note the attitude of various influences towards this river and, on this basis, define the place of the Volga River in the life of different social classes. The conclusion of my study is that the role of the Volga River in the life of the Upper Volga inhabitants was in many ways the same as its role in the national social discourse, but quite out of...

Boris Akunin’s historical detective novels have sold more than eight million copies in Russia, and have been translated into nearly a dozen languages. Boris Akunin is the pen name of literary critic and translator Grigory Chkhartishvili. Born in 1956 in the republic of Georgia, he published his first detective stories in 1998. His first series of novels, beginning with Azazel’ and followed by Turetskii gambit, feature a dashing young police inspector, Erast Fandorin. Fandorin’s adventures take place in the Russian Empire of the late nineteenth century, and he regularly finds himself at the center of key historic events. The first book takes place over one summer, May to September 1876, as the intrepid Fandorin, on his first case, unveils an international organization of conspirators—Azazel’—bent on changing the course of world events. The second takes place two years later from July 1877 to March 1878 during Russia’s war with the Ottoman Empire. The young detective again clashes with Azazel’, as he unravels a Turkish agent’s intricate plan to weaken and destroy the Russian state. Both adventures have proven wildly popular and entertaining, while maintaining a certain literary value. The exploration of time and space in Russian literature was once a popular subject of discourse, but since the 1970s it has been somewhat ignored, rarely applied to contemporary works, and even less to works of popular culture. Akunin’s treatment of time and space, however, especially given the historical setting of his works, is unique. Azazel’, for example, maintains a lightning pace with a tight chronology and a rapidly changing series of locales. Turetskii gambit presents a more laconic pace, and, though set in the vast Caucasus region, seems more claustrophobic as it methodically works towards its conclusion. Both works employ a seemingly impersonal narrator, who, nonetheless, speaks in a distinctly 19th century tone, and both works cast their adventures within the framework of actual historical events and locations. This thesis analyzes core theories in literary time and space, applying them then to Akunin’s historical detective literature.

Master’s thesis is dedicated to the Jewish religious community of Yekaterinburg - Sverdlovsk. The main purpose of the work was to reconstruct the history of the Yekaterinburg’s Jewish religious community formation, its structures, composition and forms of activity during 1843–1961. Sources for the work: documents stored in the funds of the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk Region (GASO), the Documentation Center of Public Organizations of the Sverdlovsk Region (CDOOSO), the Central Archive of the History of the Jewish People in Jerusalem (CAHJP); statistical materials of aggregated and nominative sources; field studies, etc. Also, the research was based on the Yekaterinburg’s “metrik books” which were transcribed into digital database “Ural Population Project”. As a result of the research, three stages were identified in the history of the formation and functioning of a religious community. All main institutions of Judaism existed in the landscape of the city: synagogues, prayer houses, mikvas, cemeteries, kosher dining rooms and rooms for shkhits, etc. In the 1880s, the rabbinate system was formed. During the period under review, six rabbis became spiritual leaders of the community. Until the 1960s, the Jews conducted all the rituals of the life cycle in Yekaterinburg-Sverdlovsk: religious weddings, circumcisions, and funerals.
Магистерская работа посвящена еврейской религиозной общине г. Екатеринбурга – Свердловска. Основной целью работы была реконструкция истории формирования религиозной еврейской общины Екатеринбурга, ее структур, состава и форм деятельности на протяжении 1843–1961 гг. Источниками для работы стали: делопроизводственная документация, хранящаяся в фондах Государственного архива Свердловской области (ГАСО), Центра документации общественных организаций Свердловской области (ЦДООСО), Центрального архива истории еврейского народа в Иерусалиме (ЦАИЕН); статистические материалы как агрегированных, так и номинативных источников; полевые исследования, и.т.д. В работе активно использовалась электронная база данных «Регистр населения Урала» созданная по материалам метрических книг Екатеринбурга. В результате проведенных исследований были выявлены три этапа в истории формирования и функционирования религиозной общины, качественно отличающихся друг от друга. В ландшафте города существовали все основные институты иудаизма: синагоги, молельные дома, миквы, кладбища, кошерная столовая и помещения для шхиты и .т.д. В 1880-х годах сложилась система раввината. На протяжении рассмотренного периода духовными лидерами общины становились шесть раввинов прибывших с запада. До 1960-х годов в Екатеринбурге– Свердловске иудеями проводились все обряды жизненного цикла: религиозные свадьбы, обрезания и похороны. Однако к концу существования религиозной общины практически единственными открыто проводимыми обрядами оставались похороны.