Relevant bibliographies by topics / Jews Germany History 1933-1945

Academic literature on the topic 'Jews Germany History 1933-1945'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Jews Germany History 1933-1945"

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Cohen, G. Daniel. "Ruth Gay. Safe Among The Germans: Liberated Jews After World War Two. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002. 330 pp.; Zeev Mankowitz. Life Between Memory and Hope: The Survivors of the Holocaust in Occupied Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 348 pp." AJS Review 28, no. 2 (November 2004): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009404320210.

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In the last decade or so, new research on Jewish displaced persons in occupied Germany has pushed the traditional boundaries of “Holocaust studies” (1933–1945) toward the postwar period. Indeed, the displaced persons or “DP” experience—the temporary settlement in Germany of the Sheءerith Hapleitah (“Surviving Remnant”) from the liberation of concentration camps in the spring of 1945 to the late 1940s—provides important insights into post-Holocaust Jewish life. The impact of trauma and loss, the final divorce between Jews and East-Central Europe through migration to Israel and the New World, the rise of Zionist consciousness, the shaping of a Jewish national collective in transit, the regeneration of Jewish demography and culture in the DP camps, and the relationships between Jews and Germans in occupied Germany are some of the many themes explored by recent DP historiography—by now a subfield of postwar Jewish history.
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MENG, MICHAEL L. "After the Holocaust: The History of Jewish Life in West Germany." Contemporary European History 14, no. 3 (August 2005): 403–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777305002523.

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In July 1945, Rabbi Leo Baeck remarked that the Third Reich had destroyed the historical basis of German Jewry. ‘The history of Jews in Germany has found its end. It is impossible for it to come back. The chasm is too great’. Heinz Galinski, a survivor of Auschwitz who led West Berlin’s Jewish community until his death in 1992, could not have disagreed more strongly. ‘I have always held the view’, he observed, ‘that the Wannsee Conference cannot be the last word in the life of the Jewish community in Germany’. As these diverging views suggest, opting to live in the ‘land of the perpetrators’ represented both an unthinkable and a realistic choice. In the decade after the Holocaust, about 12,000 German-born Jews opted to remain in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and comprised about half of its Jewish community. Rooted in the German language and typically married to non-Jewish spouses, they still had some connections to Germany. xSuch cultural and personal ties did not exist for the other half of West Germany’s Jewish community – its East European Jews. Between 1945 and 1948, 230,000 Jews sought refuge in occupied Germany from the violent outbursts of antisemitism in eastern Europe. Although by 1949 only 15,000 East European Jews had taken permanent residence in the FRG, those who stayed behind profoundly impacted upon Jewish life. More religiously devout than their German-Jewish counterparts, they developed a rich cultural tradition located mostly in southern Germany. But their presence also complicated Jewish life. From the late nineteenth century, relations between German and East European Jews historically were tense and remained so in the early postwar years; the highly acculturated German Jews looked down upon their less assimilated, Yiddish-speaking brothers. In the first decade after the war, integrating these two groups emerged as one of the most pressing tasks for Jewish community leaders.
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Pegelow, Thomas. "“German Jews,” “National Jews,” “Jewish Volk” or “Racial Jews”? The Constitution and Contestation of “Jewishness” in Newspapers of Nazi Germany, 1933–1938." Central European History 35, no. 2 (June 2002): 195–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691610260420665.

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After reading the “Jewish News Bulletin” (Jüdisches Nachrichtenblatt) in early 1939, the Romance language scholar Victor Klemperer wrote: “Until 1933 and for at least a good century before that, the German Jews were entirely German and nothing else … They were and remain (even if now they no longer wish to remain so) Germans …” Klemperer, a convert to Protestantism, but a “full Jew” by Nazi decree, continued, “It is part of the Lingua tertii imperii [LTI, language of the Third Reich] that the expression ‘Jewish people’ [Volk] appears repeatedly in the ‘Jewish News'…”
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Schoeps, Julius H. "Das (nicht-)angenommene Erbe. Zur Debatte um die deutsch-jüdische Erinnerungskultur." Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 57, no. 3 (2005): 232–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570073054396037.

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AbstractThis essay shows how Jewish identity in pre-1933 Germany defined itself and how the widely known concept of German-Jewish symbiosis came into question after the organized murder of the European Jews. The search for a German-Jewish legacy in postwar Germany as well as in the countries in which the Jewish émigrés found a new home will be explored. Moreover, the Eastern European cultural roots of Jews who migrated from Russia to Germany in the 1990s will also be discussed.
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Wichert, S. "Murderous Science: Elimination by Scientific Selection of Jews, Gypsies, and Others: Germany 1933-1945." German History 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/8.1.114.

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Benz, Wolfgang. "Germans, Jews and Antisemitism in Germany After 1945." Australian Journal of Politics & History 41, no. 1 (April 7, 2008): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1995.tb01340.x.

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Moeller, R. G. "Jews in Post-Holocaust Germany, 1945-1953." English Historical Review CXXII, no. 497 (June 1, 2007): 857–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cem173.

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Kühne, Thomas. "Jews in Post-Holocaust Germany, 1945-1953." Central European History 39, no. 3 (September 2006): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938906400170.

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AVRAHAM, DORON. "RECONSTRUCTING A COLLECTIVE: ZIONISM AND RACE BETWEEN NATIONAL SOCIALISM AND JEWISH RENEWAL." Historical Journal 60, no. 2 (February 7, 2017): 471–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x16000406.

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AbstractSince the Nazi seizure of power in Germany in 1933, German Zionists initiated a public debate about the racial meaning of Judaism. Drawing on scientific racial, sociological, and anthropological definitions that emerged within Zionism since the late nineteenth century, these Zionists tried to counter Nazi accusations against Jews. However, as the Nazi propaganda against Judaism became widespread, aggressive, and dehumanizing, Zionists responded by traversing the academic outlines of racial categories, and popularized a constructive racial image of Jews, thus hoping to rehabilitate their status and consolidate Jewish identity.
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Kabalek, Kobi. "“Other Germans”: Exceptions and Rules in the Memory of Rescuing Jews in Postwar Germany." Central European History 55, no. 3 (September 2022): 390–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938921001357.

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AbstractThe rising German interest in rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust has been accompanied by an emphasis on their exceptionality among the wartime German population. Seen as aberrations, rescuers are used to present a simplified generalization of the German majority’s wartime conduct by defining what it was not. This article argues that this view, as well as the common claim that rescue and rescuers of Jews were “forgotten” in the postwar Germanys, are based on a certain interpretative model concerning the relationship between exception and rule. I trace the different uses of this model and show that from 1945 to the present, many Jewish and non-Jewish Germans employed variously defined exceptions to trace and determine one's preferred image of the majority—as an object of desire or critique. The article presents the different conceptualizations and idealizations of rescue and their functions in imagining a collective self in commemorative and historiographical portrayals of past and current German societies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jews Germany History 1933-1945"

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Abrahams-Sprod, Michael E. "Life under Siege: The Jews of Magdeburg under Nazi Rule." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1627.

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Doctor of Philosophy
This regional study documents the life and the destruction of the Jewish community of Magdeburg, in the Prussian province of Saxony, between 1933 and 1945. As this is the first comprehensive and academic study of this community during the Nazi period, it has contributed to both the regional historiography of German Jewry and the historiography of the Shoah in Germany. In both respects it affords a further understanding of Jewish life in Nazi Germany. Commencing this study at the beginning of 1933 enables a comprehensive view to emerge of the community as it was on the eve of the Nazi assault. The study then analyses the spiralling events that led to its eventual destruction. The story of the Magdeburg Jewish community in both the public and private domains has been explored from the Nazi accession to power in 1933 up until April 1945, when only a handful of Jews in the city witnessed liberation. This study has combined both archival material and oral history to reconstruct the period. Secondary literature has largely been incorporated and used in a comparative sense and as reference material. This study has interpreted and viewed the period from an essentially Jewish perspective. That is to say, in documenting the experiences of the Jews of Magdeburg, this study has focused almost exclusively on how this population simultaneously lived and grappled with the deteriorating situation. Much attention has been placed on how it reacted and responded at key junctures in the processes of disenfranchisement, exclusion and finally destruction. This discussion also includes how and why Jews reached decisions to abandon their Heimat and what their experiences with departure were. In the final chapter of the community’s story, an exploration has been made of how the majority of those Jews who remained endured the final years of humiliation and stigmatisation. All but a few perished once the implementation of the ‘Final Solution’ reached Magdeburg in April 1942. The epilogue of this study charts the experiences of those who remained in the city, some of whom survived to tell their story.
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Magas, Gregory. "Nazi crimes and German reactions : an analysis of reactions and attitudes within the German resistance to the persecution of Jews in German-controlled lands, 1933-1944, with a focus on the writings of Carl Goerdeler, Ulrich von Hassell and Helmuth von Moltke." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30187.

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This thesis is broadly concerned with how individuals within German society, the German Resistance to Hitler and the German military reacted to persecution of Jews in Germany before the start of the Second World War and also to reports of German atrocities within German-controlled areas of Europe during the conflict.
The specific focus of this study is an examination of the personal sentiments contained in the writings of Carl Goerdeler, Ulrich von Hassell and Helmuth von Moltke and the recorded reactions to the various and intensifying stages of Nazi persecution of Jews within German-controlled territory. These particular individuals were chosen, as a significant portion of their writings, in the form of diary entries, letters and memoranda have been published and offer a glimpse of personal sentiments and thoughts unaltered by the censors of the Nazi regime. In addition, this study examines the reactions of two German officers, Johannes Blaskowitz and Rudolf-Christoph von Gersdorff, to German atrocities committed in German-occupied Eastern Europe. Their reactions to and courageous protests against Nazi crimes are also a significant part of the overall context of German reactions to Nazi crimes. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Heikaus, Ulrike. "Deutschsprachige Filme als Kulturinsel : zur kulturellen Integration der deutschsprachigen Juden in Palästina 1933-1945." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/1705/.

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Im sechsten Band der Reihe Pri ha-Pardes untersucht Ulrike Heikaus die deutschsprachigen Filme, die zwischen 1933 und 1945 aus Mitteleuropa nach Palästina importiert und einer breiten Öffentlichkeit vorgeführt wurden. Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse steht die Bedeutung und Repräsentation dieser deutschsprachigen Filme in der palästinensischen Filmkultur, ihre Wahrnehmung und Rezeption, vor allem durch die deutschsprachigen Einwanderer selbst. Mehr als zweihundert deutschsprachige Filme wurden in den palästinensischen Kinotheatern während der Jahre 1930 bis 1945 in Palästina zum Teil über Jahre hinweg regelmäßig aufgeführt. Doch wie sehr waren diese Filme tatsächlich in der hebräischsprachigen Öffentlichkeit präsent? Wie wurde für sie geworben? Und wie wurden diese Filme von den deutschsprachigen Einwanderer wahrgenommen? Antworten dazu geben dabei vor allem die in Palästina in den dreißiger und vierziger Jahren erschienenen Zeitungen in deutscher Sprache, die den Neueinwanderern als Mittel zur sozialen Kommunikation und Plattform für gesellschaftliches, kulturelles und soziales Leben zur Verfügung standen. Untersucht werden ferner Materialien israelischer Archive, die über den Aspekt des deutschsprachigen Filmimports und die Vermarktung der Filme im Kontext der frühen Kinokultur im damaligen Palästina Aufschluss geben.
The focus of this study are the numerous German-speaking films, which were imported to Palestine from Europe between 1933 and 1945 and screened for a broad public. The importance and representation of these films for the young film culture of Palestine, their perception and reception, especially by the German-speaking Jews, will be investigated and analysed in this thesis.
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Wilkinson, Sarah. "Perceptions of public opinion. British foreign policy decisions about Nazi Germany, 1933-1938." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e4be72fd-3dd2-44f5-8bf6-19922402e397.

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This thesis examines the historical problem of determining the relationship between a government's perception of public opinion and the decisions it takes. We introduce evidence for the social habits of the Cabinet in order to suggest new formulations of 'élite' and 'mass' public opinion. We argue that parliamentary opinion was generally more important in decision-making for the Cabinet, except at moments of extreme crisis when a conception of 'mass' opinion became equally significant. These characterization of mass opinion were drawn from a set of stereotypes about public opinion which academic and political theorization had produced. It is argued that this theorization was stimulated by ongoing debates about mass communication, the importance of the ordinary man in democracy and the outbreak of the first world war during the inter-war period. The thesis begins with an introduction to the methodological problems involved, followed by one chapter on theorization about public opinion in the inter-war period. Three diplomatic crises are considered in the case study chapters: the withdrawal of Germany from the Disarmament Conference in 1933, the German reoccuption of the Rhineland in 1936 and the threat of invasion of the Sudetenland in 1938. Two further chapters examine the role of public opinion in protests to Germany about the treatment of the Jews in 1933 and in 1938. It is argued that perceptions of public opinion played a much more important role in decision-making than has hiterto been thought. The most significant argument posits that perceptions of public opinion were equally as important as military considerations in the decision to refuse the Godesberg terms in 1938. More generally, the way in which politicians used public opinion rhetorically is described and the limits of the usefulness of the term for historians are suggested.
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Gutberlet, Anja. "Das Schicksal der jüdischen Gemeinde in Fulda nach 1933 /." [Giessen : A. Gutberlet], 1994. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0710/2006502599.html.

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"Wissenschaftliche Hausarbeit im Rahmen der Ersten Staatsprüfung für das Lehramt an Grundschulden bzw. Haupt- und Realschulen im Fach katholischer Theologie, eingereicht dem Wiss. Prüfungsamt für das Lehramt an Grundschulen und an Haput- und Realschulen in Giessen" --T.p.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-95).
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Sycher, Alexander. "The Nazi Soldier in German Cinema, 1933-1945." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1428959799.

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Ihrig, Stefan. "Nazi perceptions of the new Turkey, 1919-1945." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610471.

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Groot, Heinrich de. "Judenverdrängung, Judenverfolgung und Judendeportation auf dem Land unter den Bedingungen der nationalsozialistischen Herrschaft 1933 - 1945 /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/385616481.pdf.

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Greear, Wesley P. "American immigration policies and public opinion on European Jews from 1933 to 1945." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0322102-113418/unrestricted/Greear040102.pdf.

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Kauders, Anthony. "German politics and the Jews : the cases of Duesseldorf and Nuremberg, 1910-1933." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357602.

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Books on the topic "Jews Germany History 1933-1945"

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Friedländer, Saul. Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1933-1945. New York: HarperCollins e-books, 2009.

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Orla, Kenan, ed. Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1933-1945. London: Phoenix, 2009.

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Bauer, Yehuda. Jews for sale?: Nazi-Jewish negotiations, 1933-1945. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.

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The Gestapo and German society: Enforcing racial policy 1933-1945. Oxford: Clarendon, 1991.

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Gellately, Robert. The Gestapo and German society: Enforcing racial policy, 1933-1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

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Ludwig, Herbst, Weihe Thomas, and Krause Detlef, eds. Die Commerzbank und die Juden, 1933-1945. München: C.H. Beck, 2004.

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Jörg, Wollenberg, and Pribić Rado, eds. The German public and the persecution of the Jews, 1933-1945. Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 1998.

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The Jews in the secret Nazi reports on popular opinion in Germany, 1933-1945. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010.

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Grunberger, Richard. The 12-year Reich: A social history of Nazi Germany, 1933-1945. New York: Da Capo Press, 1995.

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Gilbert, Martin. Kristallnacht: Prelude to destruction. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Jews Germany History 1933-1945"

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Spang, Christian W. "The German East Asiatic Society (OAG) in Shanghai, 1931–1945." In The History of the Shanghai Jews, 43–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13761-7_3.

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Pan, Guang. "Perfect Combination of Traditional Historiography, Public History and Oral History: Studies of Jews in China Since the Mid-20th Century." In A Study of Jewish Refugees in China (1933–1945), 205–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9483-6_13.

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Light, Edwina, Michael Robertson, Wendy Lipworth, Garry Walter, and Miles Little. "Bioethics and the Krankenmorde: Disability and Diversity." In The International Library of Bioethics, 129–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01987-6_8.

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AbstractBetween 1933 and 1945, almost 300,000 people were murdered and 360,000 sterilized by the National Socialist (Nazi) regime under a group of crimes now collectively known as the Krankenmorde, the murder of the sick and disabled. Founded in narrow-minded and inconsistent accounts of a good and valuable life, the Nazi eugenic and “euthanasia” crimes were brutal and violent acts organized and executed by doctors, nurses and other professionals. Acknowledgement of this group of victims was delayed and obscured due to historical events as well as prevailing political and social attitudes toward mental illness and disability. As a result, the breadth of the Krankemorde crimes and its victims, its relationship to the Holocaust and its contemporary significance–to bioethics and society more broadly–is less recognized or understood than that of other Nazi medical crimes, such as the infamous experiments on prisoners. First presenting a history of the Krankenmorde and its aftermath in Germany and Nazi occupied territories, this chapter goes on to examine the value of bioethics having better knowledge of this part of its history and, in particular, engaging with its own epistemic constraints in relation to disability and ableism. These ideas are explored further in the context of contemporary bioethical issues related to the rights and treatment of people with disabilities, specifically the allocation of health resources. Throughout the chapter we seek to highlight the lives of Krankenmorde victims–those who survived and those who did not–all of whom have been historically overlooked and marginalized.
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Strauss, Herbert A. "Jews in German History: Persecution, Emigration, Acculturation." In Biographisches Handbuch der deutschsprachigen Emigration nach 1933–1945, edited by Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss, Institut für Zeitgeschichte, and Research Foundation for Jewish Immi. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110968545-034.

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Polonsky, Antony. "War and Genocide 1939–1945." In Jews in Poland and Russia: A Short History, 308–79. Liverpool University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764395.003.0010.

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This chapter explores how the outbreak of the Second World War initiated a new and tragic period in the history of the Jews of north-eastern Europe. The Polish defeat by Nazi Germany in the unequal campaign that began in September of 1939 led to a new partition of the country by Germany and the Soviet Union. Though Hitler had been relatively slow to put the more extreme aspects of Nazi antisemitism into practice, by the time the war broke out, the Nazi regime was set in its deep-seated hatred of the Jews. Following the brutal violence of Kristallnacht on November 9–10, 1938, when up to a hundred Jews were murdered in Germany and Austria and over 400 synagogues burnt down, Hitler, disconcerted by the domestic and foreign unease which this provoked, decided to entrust policy on the Jews to the ideologues of the SS. They were determined at this stage to enforce a ‘total separation’ between Jews and Germans, but wanted to do so in an ‘orderly and disciplined’ manner, perhaps by compelling most Jews to emigrate. The Nazis did not act immediately on the genocidal threat of ‘the annihilation of the Jews as a race in Europe’, but during the first months of the war, a dual process took place: the barbarization of Nazi policy generally and a hardening of policy towards Jews.
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Fritzsche, Peter. "The “Communist Beast”." In Hitler's First Hundred Days, 134–75. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198871125.003.0005.

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This chapter assesses how the week that followed the March 1933 elections was the single most consequential in German history. It featured attacks on Jews as well as Communists and Social Democrats and set the stage for the takeover of Germany's political and administrative structures. The Nazis claimed public spaces, tenement buildings, and private apartments and made life-and-death judgments on the people who inhabited them. The violent actions began with the occupation of space and ended with the seizure of bodies and the incarceration of thousands of Germans in concentration camps. In March and April of 1933, government actions in the capital guided the upheavals, but countless grassroots initiatives also moved them forward. They took place simultaneously, in almost all spheres of life, creating an extraordinary turbulence that increased in both intensity and extent and overwhelmed conventional checks and balances regulating social interactions. The chapter then looks at the extraordinary level of anti-Communist violence throughout Germany in March 1933.
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Engelhardt, Arndt. "Transferring Jewish Knowledge." In Textual Transmission in Contemporary Jewish Cultures, 191–209. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197516485.003.0011.

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One of the best-known publications of the publishing house founded by Salman Schocken is the series known as Schocken-Bücherei (Schocken Library), published in Germany between 1933 and 1938. This series comprised 83 volumes on Jewish history and culture dating from antiquity until the modern era, including works by such disparate figures as Philo of Alexandria, Maimonides, Heinrich Heine, and Franz Kafka. The reasonably priced volumes had average sales of 4,000–5,000 copies, with the most popular works selling up to 10,000 copies: this was the most successful series put out by Schocken. At a time when the rights of Jews in Germany were being curtailed and Jews were being expelled from German culture, ...
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Beck, Hermann. "Attacks Against American and West European Jews, Among Others." In Before the Holocaust, 103–20. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865076.003.0004.

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Abstract This chapter shows that even an American passport did not guarantee safety from SA attacks. Its first section catalogues attacks against American Jews in Berlin, frequently caused by rent and property disputes, and shows that even when the German State had a vital interest in identifying the culprits, as in the case of the attack on Philip Zuckerman, which had attracted international attention, SA leaders succeeded in shielding their own. Here, as in all other instances, attackers got off scot-free. Yet, as a result of attacks on U.S. nationals, the American public was forewarned at an early date, so that not only daily papers such as The New York Times and Chicago Tribune but also magazines such as The Nation, Contemporary Review, Current History, and others ran long reports on Nazi antisemitic violence in the spring of 1933. West European Jews and Jews from Czechoslovakia and Rumania were not spared either, however long their stay in Germany and however deep their roots in the country may have been. Even though attacks against them were frequently based on private quarrels (attackers were often debtors who wanted to eliminate their debt), assailants often used stereotypical Nazi propaganda accusations as a pretext, making their Jewish victims out to be communists, child molesters, or seducers of German women. There was no factual basis for these accusations; they served merely as an alibi function and “moral” justification for the attackers, who thereby sought to protect themselves from criminal prosecution in case charges would be brought against them.
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Goeschel, Christian. "Suicides of German Jews, 1933–1945." In Suicide in Nazi Germany, 96–118. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199532568.003.0004.

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Shapiro, Marc B. "The Nazi Era (1933–1945)." In Between the Yeshiva World and Modern Orthodoxy, 135–71. Liverpool University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774525.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses the challenges faced by Rabbi Jehiel Jacob Weinberg and the rest of the German Jewry during the Nazi regime. Aside from the political challenges in Nazi Germany, there were many pressing religious issues brought on by the policies of the regime. It was in this area that Weinberg assumed a prominent role. The chapter thus embarks on a few of the halakhic issues with which he had to deal, to illustrate the difficult circumstances in which Orthodox Jews found themselves. Despite these challenges, however, the chapter also shows that Weinberg and the Berlin Rabbinical Seminary experienced a rather productive period, as the seminary became the focus of German Jews' social, cultural, and intellectual engagement — and all this was accomplished without government interference. The chapter also describes the decline of the Torah im Derekh Eretz ideal among the younger generations, despite Weinberg's attempts to defend it. To conclude, the chapter closes with the events of the Kristallnacht and the closure of the seminary despite Weinberg's persistently optimistic views regarding the Nazis' treatment of the Jews.
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