Relevant bibliographies by topics / Jews – Europe – Identity

Academic literature on the topic 'Jews – Europe – Identity'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Jews – Europe – Identity"

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Szczerbiński, Waldemar. "East European Jews – prejudice or pride?" Studia Europaea Gnesnensia, no. 11 (January 1, 2015): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/seg.2015.11.8.

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Jews from Central-Eastern Europe play a significant role in the formation of individual and social self-awareness in the Jewish world. It seems that in the Jewish world there exists a polarised approach to the Jews from this part of the world. On the one hand, there is pride, on the other, prejudice verging on shame. Some Jews have identified themselves with the group, others did the opposite, denied having anything to do with them. The most important question of our analyses is: what is the role of Eastern European Jews in building Jewish collective identity? Byron Sherwin, an American Jew, is an example of a great fascination with the Yiddish civilisation. Not only does he recognize and appreciate the spiritual legacy of Jews in Poland for other Jews around the world, but also accords this legacy a pre-eminent status in the collective Jewish identity. At the same time, he is conscious of the fact that not all Jews, if only in the United States, share his view. It is an upshot of the deep prejudice towards the life in the European Diaspora, which has been in evidence for some time. The same applies to the Jews in Israel. The new generations see the spiritual and cultural achievements of the Eastern European Jews as a legacy that should be learned and developed. This engenders hope that the legacy of the Jews of Eastern Europe will be preserved and will become a foundation of identity for future generations.
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Baumgarten, Elisheva. "Daily Commodities and Religious Identity in the Medieval Jewish Communities of Northern Europe." Studies in Church History 50 (2014): 97–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400001674.

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The Hebrew chronicle written by Solomon b. Samson recounts the mass conversion of the Jews of Regensburg in 1096.’ The Jews were herded and forced into the local river where a ‘sign was made over the water, the sign of a cross’ and thus they were baptized, all together in the same river. The local German rivers play another role in the accounts of the turbulent events of the Crusade persecutions. They were also the place where Jews evaded conversion, drowning themselves in water, rather than being baptized by what the chronicles’ authors call the ‘stinking waters’ of Christianity. Reading these Hebrew chronicles, one is immediately struck by the tremendous revulsion expressed toward the waters of baptism. Indeed, in his analysis of the symbolic significance of the baptismal waters for medieval Jews, Ivan Marcus has suggested that baptism by force in the local rivers was so traumatic that they instituted a ritual response during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. One component of the medieval Jewish child initiation ceremony to Torah study was performed on the banks of the river, expressing Jewish aversion to baptism (see Fig. i).
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Fridjesi, Judit. "The ′ugliness′ of Jewish prayer: Voice quality as the expression of identity." Muzikologija, no. 7 (2007): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz0707099f.

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This article is based on the musical material and interviews the author collected in Hungary, France, Czechoslovakia, the USA and Israel in the course of thirty years of her fieldwork among the traditional East-Ashkenazi Jews. It relates to the aesthetic concepts of the prayer chant of the Ashkenazi Jews of East Europe (?East -Ashkenazim?) as it appears to have existed before World War II, survived in the oral tradition until the 1970s and exists sporadically up to the present.
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Christensen, M. Z. "The Unconverted Self: Jews, Indians, and the Identity of Christian Europe." Ethnohistory 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-2010-080.

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Blakely, Allison. "The Identity Question: Blacks and Jews in Europe and America (review)." American Jewish History 89, no. 2 (2001): 252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2001.0022.

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ALBANIS, ELISABETH. "JEWISH IDENTITY IN THE FACE OF ANTI-SEMITISM." Historical Journal 41, no. 3 (September 1998): 895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x98008024.

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A history of the Jews in the English-speaking world: Great Britain. By W. D. Rubinstein, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996. Pp. viii+539. ISBN 0-312-12542-9. £65.00.Pogroms: anti-Jewish violence in modern Russian history. Edited by John D. Klier and Shlomo Lambroza. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Pp. xx+393. ISBN 0-521-40532-7. £55.00.Western Jewry and the Zionist project, 1914–1933. By Michael Berkowitz. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Pp. xvi+305. ISBN 0-521-47087-0. £35.00.Three books under review deal from different perspectives with the responses of Jews in Western and Eastern Europe to the increasing and more or less violent outbursts of anti-Semitism which they encountered in the years from 1880 to the Second World War. The first two titles consider how deep-rooted anti-Semitism was in Britain and Russia and in what sections of society it was most conspicuous, whereas the third asks how Western Jewry became motivated to support the Zionist project of settlement in Palestine; all three approach the question of how isolated or intergrated diaspora Jews were in their respective countries.
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ZALKIN, MORDECHAI. "Can Jews Become Farmers? Rurality, Peasantry and Cultural Identity in the World of the Rural Jew in Nineteenth-Century Eastern Europe." Rural History 24, no. 2 (September 13, 2013): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095679331300006x.

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Abstract:Based on conventional learning and supported in no small measure by stereotypes, agriculture as a vocation was not considered as part of the occupational profile of Jewish society in Eastern Europe until the Second World War. However, various studies show that in different regions in this area, primarily Lithuania, White Russia, north eastern Poland, and Bessarabia, tens of thousands of Jews made a living from direct engagement in various branches of agriculture, including field crops, orchards, lake fishing, etc. These Jews lived mainly in the rural areas and were a factor, and at times a highly significant one, in the local demographic and economic structure. The first part of this article examines the question whether these Jews, who were part of the general rural society living in the countryside, developed a certain type of rural cultural identity. This question is discussed by examining various aspects of their attitude towards nature. The second part of the article considers the possible influence of the agricultural occupation on the shaping of a unique peasant cultural identity among these rural Jews and the ways they coped with the accompanying religious, social and cultural implications.
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Schorsch, Jonathan. "Jonathan Boyarin: The unconverted self: Jews, Indians, and the identity of Christian Europe." Jewish History 24, no. 3-4 (September 17, 2010): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10835-010-9122-y.

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Green, Abigail. "Nationalism and the ‘Jewish International’: Religious Internationalism in Europe and the Middle East c.1840–c.1880." Comparative Studies in Society and History 50, no. 2 (April 2008): 535–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417508000236.

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Jewish cosmopolitanism has long assumed a central place in the ideology of anti-Semitism. Well before the publication of “The Protocols of the Elders of Zion,” the idea of international Jewish solidarity served as an argument against Jewish emancipation. In Britain, Sir Robert Inglis famously opposed granting the Jews political rights because “[t]he Jews of London have more sympathy with the Jews resident in Berlin or Vienna than with the Christians among whom they reside.” Likewise, in 1840, the ultramontane Univers saw international lobbying on behalf of Jews accused of ritual murder in Damascus as proof that “the Hebrew nationality is not dead … What religious connection is there between the Talmudists of Alsace, Cologne or the East, and the Messrs. Rothschild and Crémieux?” That L'Univers saw this cosmopolitan fellow-feeling as an expression of Jewish national identity is irrelevant. The point is rather that for anti-Semites Jewish ‘nationalism’ was an inherently international force.
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Williams, John P. "Exodus from Europe: Jewish Diaspora Immigration from Central and Eastern Europe to the United States (1820-1914)." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, no. 1-3 (April 7, 2017): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341422.

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This article examines one of the largest exoduses in human history. In less than three decades, over five million Jews from Poland, Germany, and Russia journeyed to what they considered to be the “American Promised Land.” This study serves five main purposes: first, to identify social, political, and economic factors that encouraged this unprecedented migration; second, to examine the extensive communication and transportation networks that aided this exodus, highlighting the roles that mutual aid societies (especially the Alliance Israelite Universelle in Paris, the Mansion House Fund in London, and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society in New York City) played in the success of these migrations; third, to analyze this diaspora’s impact on the cultural identity of the Jewish communities in which they settled; fourth, to discuss the cultural and economic success of this mass resettlement; and finally, fifth, identify incidents of anti-Semitism in employment, education, and legal realms that tempered economic and cultural gains by Jewish immigrants to America.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jews – Europe – Identity"

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Kauffman, Karen C. "Re-Inventing German Collective Memory: The Debate over the Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe." Thesis, Boston College, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/557.

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Thesis advisor: Peter H. Weiler
Coming to terms with memory of the Nazi past has been a long and challenging task for the German nation. An important part of this process was the debate over building a national Holocaust memorial in Berlin, called the Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe. The debate began in 1989 and has arguably not yet ended. Occurring primarily in periodicals, political speeches and official colloquiums, the Denkmalstreit (memorial debate) was largely about German intellectuals developing a system of dealing with the Holocaust while redefining German identity in their own eyes and those of the world. The famous Historikerstreit (historian’s debate) of the 1980s raised the issues of the burden of shame and guilt on modern Germans, concern over forgetting the Holocaust, the uniqueness of the Holocaust and Jewish persecution, and the need to develop a new national identity. The Denkmalstreit dealt with these issues through the questions of whether to build a memorial and what it would mean, whether the memorial would be for descendents of perpetrators or victims, and what form the memorial should take. After closely examining these issues and the consensus the German intellectuals, politicians and artists reached in order to finally dedicate the memorial in 2005, I argue that Germany has done an exemplary job of coming to terms with the crimes of its past
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2008
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: History Honors Program
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Charak, Sarah Edith. "Anglo-Jews and Eastern European Jews in a White Australia." Thesis, Department of History, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21137.

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This thesis traces the story of Australian Jewish identity from the colonial period to the end of the 1920s. Anglo-Jews aligned themselves with ‘white Australia’, arguing that their Jewishness was merely a private trait. Moments of crisis in the 1890s and 1920s, prompted by the possible and actual migration of Eastern European Jews to Australia, threatened to destabilise the place Anglo-Jews had carved out in Australian society, and forced a renegotiation of what it meant to be Jewish in Australia. These moments demonstrate that despite being notionally accepted in Australia, the whiteness of Jews was never guaranteed. Drawing on newspapers and government records, this thesis argues that since their arrival in Australia, Jews have been ambivalently and ambiguously placed in relation to Australian constructions of whiteness. As a group notoriously hard to define, Jews are an important case study in an analysis of the discursive world of ‘white Australia’, presenting new questions that challenge existing binaries of ‘white’ and ‘coloured’.
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Tsang, Wing-yi, and 曾穎怡. "Jewish imagery and orientalism in nineteenth and early twentieth century European art." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40040355.

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Lauer, Rena. "Venice's Colonial Jews: Community, Identity, and Justice in Late Medieval Venetian Crete." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11520.

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This dissertation offers a social history of the Jews of Candia, Venetian Crete's capital, by investigating how these Jews related to their colonial sovereign, their Latin and Greek Christian neighbors, and their diverse co-religionists in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Latin ducal court records, Hebrew communal ordinances, and notarial materials reveal the unique circumstances of Venetian colonial rule on Crete, including the formalized social hierarchy dividing Latin and Greek Christians, ready access to the Venetian justice system, and Venetian accommodation of pre-colonial legal precedents. Together, these elements enabled and encouraged Jews--individuals and community alike--to invest deeply in the institutions of colonial society. Their investment fostered sustained, meaningful interactions with the Latin and Greeks populations. It even shaped the ways in which Jews engaged with one another, particularly as they brought their quotidian and intracommunal disputes before Venice's secular judiciaries. Though contemporary religious authorities frowned upon litigating against co-religionists in secular courts, people from across the spectrum of Candiote Jewry, from community leaders to unhappily married women, sought Venetian judicial intervention at times.
History
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Dupré, Romain. "Les juifs de France et l'antisémitisme : de l'affaire Dreyfus à 1940." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010637.

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S’inscrivant dans une période chargée de l’histoire des Juifs de France, cette thèse aborde les rapports de ces derniers à l’antisémitisme à la suite d’une historiographie ne présentant qu’une vision partielle et dispersée de cette question. Ce travail interroge le regard des Juifs en France métropolitaine sur l’antisémitisme sévissant dans l’Hexagone, en Algérie et à l’étranger, leurs réactions vis-à-vis de celui-ci et les évolutions identitaires qu’elles entraînent sur eux-mêmes. Dans cette optique, celle finalement de l’étude du fait minoritaire, nous mobilisons les outils de la psychologie et de la sociologie, en plus de ceux de l’historien. Dans la première partie, nous posons le contexte, une étape indispensable pour comprendre la pluralité de ces rapports sur un temps long au sein d’un vaste terrain d’investigation à la fois local et national. Nous nous concentrons particulièrement sur l’exposition réelle des Juifs de France à l’antisémitisme. La seconde partie aborde plus concrètement leurs réactions opposées à ce mal : les silences, les réflexions sur la haine, les agissements destinés à lutter contre lui. Nous terminons sur ses effets identitaires, c’est-à-dire la fierté, la recomposition ou la haine de soi consécutives et/ou affichées au contact incontournable avec la haine. Au final, ces réactions doivent être interprétées comme une maturation de rapports préexistants à la judéité et/ou à la francité officielle ou de fait des Juifs. L’antisémitisme a contribué à renforcer l’identité juive en France, tout en amenant des adaptations du « franco-judaïsme » face aux réalités de la condition minoritaire des Juifs de France, quelles que soient leurs origines
Taking place at a critical time in the history of the Jews of France, this thesis approaches the reports of the latter to the anti-Semitism following a historiography presenting only a partial and scattered vision of this question. This thesis questions the perception of the Jews in metropolitan France about the anti-Semitism raging in France, in Algeria and abroad, their reactions towards this one and the identity evolutions which they have brought on themselves. To this end, we mobilize the tools of the psychology and the sociology, besides those of the historian. In the first part, we put the context, an essential stage to understand the plurality over time of these relationships within a vast ground of local and national investigations. We particularly focus on the actual exposure of the Jews of France to anti-Semitism. The second part approaches more concretely their opposed reactions to this ordeal: the silences, the reflections on the hatred, the actions intended to fight against it. We conclude on the impacts on identity, such as on the pride, the recomposition, the self-hatred and/or the exposure to the inescapable contact to hatred. Finally, these reactions must be interpreted as a maturation of pre-existing reports in the Jewishness and/or in the official or de facto Frenchness of the Jews of France. The anti-Semitism has helped to strengthen Jewish identity in France, while bringing adaptations of « Franco- Judaism » to the realities of the minority condition of the Jews of France, whatever their origins
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Reichman, Alice I. "Community in Exile: German Jewish Identity Development in Wartime Shanghai, 1938-1945." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/96.

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Between 1938 and 1940 approximately 18,000 Jews from Central Europe went to the Chinese city of Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution. While almost every nation in the world refused to accept these desperate refugees, thousands found refuge in Japanese occupied Shanghai, which was an open port and one could immigrate there with no visa or passport. In an incredibly short period of time the refugees were able to develop a vibrant Jewish community. Relying primarily on the testimony of former refugees, this thesis seeks to address three main questions: What did exile in Shanghai feel like for the refugees? How did they handle and react to the circumstances of their new surroundings? In what ways did their common exile unite the group and bring about changes in personal identity?
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Hunter, Mitchel Joffe. "Colonisers to Colonialists: European Jews and the workings of race as a political identity in the settler colony of South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7701.

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Masters of Art
This thesis explores the shifting racial identification and politics of the emerging Jewish community in Southern Africa between the Anglo-Boer War in 1902 and the Union of South Africa in 1910. Through an investigation of their actions and thoughts on the cultural, economic, linguistic and political aspects of their lives, I show how the emerging Jewish community formed itself through the political subjectivity of White settlers. Understanding how racial categories were being amalgamated and partitioned in that period of state formation, I argue that the mainstream Jewish community colluded with the colonial state to join into the ‘unity of the White races’. I use Memmi’s (1967 [1957], pp. 19,45) analytic distinction between ‘coloniser’ – a European on African land - and ‘colonialist’ – a coloniser who supports colonialism and believes in its legitimacy - to examine how the process of subject formation is articulated through the political economy of racial capitalism and settler colonialism. When Jews from Eastern Europe (Yidn) began arriving in South Africa in the 1880s, they faced a settler population which simultaneously treated them as members of an undifferentiated European settler population, as candidates for assimilation into colonial Whiteness, and as dirty subjects under threat of colonial state violence. Though there were other possible responses to the colonial relationship that Yidn could have taken, such as linking the fight against antisemitism with other anti-racist and anti-colonial struggles, the community went through a process of colonialist refashioning. To understand this transformation, I focus on four aspects of life. Culturally, Yidn were classed as dirty subjects and Jewish communal institutions worked with the state to ‘clean’, i.e. ‘Whiten’ them up. Economically, Jews of all class positions learnt the exploitative practices of settlers in racial capitalism. Linguistically, Yiddish became classified as a European language by utilising racial hierarchies. And politically, Yidn became citizens by embracing the ideology of a White-only franchise. Focussing in on these processes of assimilation into power, I argue that the primary Jewish communal institutions embraced and internally enforced a colonialist political subjectivity. This thesis is based on archival research conducted in three archives in Cape Town carried out between February and May 2019, and extensive reading of previous historical studies to write a new narrative from previously known sources.
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Ejaz, Waqas [Verfasser], Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolling, Emese [Gutachter] Domahidi, and Volker [Gutachter] Gehrau. "European identity and media effects : a quantitative comparative analysis / Waqas Ejaz ; Gutachter: Emese Domahidi, Volker Gehrau ; Betreuer: Jens Wolling." Ilmenau : TU Ilmenau, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196968152/34.

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Barrile, Matthew J. "Thinking patria: Figurations of the in Discourses of the Liberal Spanish State, 1859-1906." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1497982796374111.

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LAMBERT, Nick. "Thinking jewish : identity and the jew in Western Europe." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5870.

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Defence date: 15 July 2002
Examining board: Prof. Bo Stråth, European University Institute (Supervisor) ; Prof. Peter Becker, European University Institute, Florence ; Prof. Georg Iggers, Buffalo University ; Prof. Ilan Pappe, University of Haifa ; Prof. Harald Runblom, University of Uppsala
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Books on the topic "Jews – Europe – Identity"

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Sokoloff, Naomi B., and Susan A. Glenn. Boundaries of Jewish identity. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2010.

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Boundaries of Jewish identity. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2010.

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Pinto, Diana. A New Jewish identity for post-1989 Europe. London: Institute for Jewish Policy Research, 1996.

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The identity question: Blacks and Jews in Europe and America. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2000.

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Shavit, Jacob. Glorious, accursed Europe: An essay on Jewish ambivalence. Waltham, Mass: Brandeis University Press, 2010.

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Building a public Judaism: Synagogues and Jewish identity in nineteenth-century Europe. Boston: Harvard University Press, 2012.

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Czechs, Germans, Jews: National identity and the Jews of Bohemia. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2012.

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Roth, Joseph. The wandering Jews. London: Granta Books, 2001.

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Orientalism, gender, and the Jews: Literary and artistic transformations of European national discourses. Berlin: Walter De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2015.

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Boyarin, Jonathan. The unconverted self: Jews, Indians, and the identity of Christian Europe. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Jews – Europe – Identity"

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Kaymak, Özgür. "Turkish Jews in an Unwelcoming Public Space." In Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe, 219–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87798-9_10.

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Stratton, Jon. "Producing the “Jewish Problem”: Othering the Jews and Homogenizing Europe." In Jewish Identity in Western Pop Culture, 9–29. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230612747_2.

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Daniels, Jacob. "Solidarity and Survival in an Ottoman Borderland: The Jews of Edirne, 1912–1918." In Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe, 35–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87798-9_3.

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Atlas, Duygu. "The Founding of the State of Israel and the Turkish Jews: A View from Israel, 1948–1955." In Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe, 113–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87798-9_6.

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Fishman, Louis. "Creating [Jewish] Sites of Memory in Turkey Where Jews No Longetr Exist: From Physical Sites to Virtual Ones." In Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe, 169–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87798-9_8.

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Fishman, Louis. "Correction to: Creating [Jewish] Sites of Memory in Turkey Where Jews No Longer Exist: From Physical Sites to Virtual Ones." In Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe, C1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87798-9_12.

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Kalik, Judith. "Attitudes towards the Jews and Catholic identity in eighteenth-century Poland." In Confessional Identity in East-Central Europe, 181–93. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315259680-11.

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Hacohen, Malachi H. "FOREWORD: Roma, Jews and European History." In The Roma and Their Struggle for Identity in Contemporary Europe, xi—xiv. Berghahn Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781789206432-002.

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Penslar, Derek J. "Jews, Paupers, and Other SavagesThe Economic Image of the Jew in Western Europe, 1648–1848." In Shylock's ChildrenEconomics and Jewish Identity in Modern Europe, 10–49. University of California Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520225909.003.0001.

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Rabin, Shari. "Wandering Sons of Israel." In Jews on the Frontier. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479830473.003.0002.

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While Jews in Europe had long been associated with movement and alterity, most famously in the image of the Wandering Jew, in reality Jewish movement was heavily determined by state controls. Jewish identity in Europe remained a bureaucratic category, affecting Jewish mobility and religious life. In the United States, a confluence of legal, political, and economic structures meant that for men deemed white, including Jews, mobility was “unfettered.” This chapter explores incidents of American diplomacy from the 1850s, debates about peddling licenses and Sunday closing laws, and two incidents from the Civil War, including General Grant’s infamous Order No. 11. All of these demonstrate the linkages between mobility and whiteness as well as the complicated place of Jewish identity, as Americans tried to both affirm unfettered mobility and cope with the existential threats that it posed.
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Conference papers on the topic "Jews – Europe – Identity"

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Tirel, Christophe, Marie-Charlotte Renoult, Christophe Dumouchel, and Jean-Bernard Blaisot. "Behaviour of free falling viscoelastic liquid jets." In ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4700.

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In a recent work, a protocol to measure the relaxation time of dilute polymer solutions, known to be challenging,has been established [1]. This protocol is based on a 2D multi-scale description of free-falling low velocity viscoelastic liquid jets. Although the relaxation time reached an asymptotic value for high jet velocities, a significant dependence with the jet velocity is observed for low velocities. The present work reconsiders these previous experimental data using a 3D multi-scale analysis in order to identify the origin of the dependence between the relaxation time and the jet velocity. The 3D analysis demonstrates the importance of a velocity–dependent coalescence mechanism in the jet behaviour. Thanks to a simple model of jet deformation it is demonstrated that this coalescence mechanism prevents the elasto-capillary contraction of the smallest scales from occurring whenthe jet velocity is reduced.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4700
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Baert, Lieven, Chloé Dumont, Charlotte Beauthier, Caroline Sainvitu, Ingrid Lepot, and Julien Blanchard. "Multidisciplinary Design of a Low-Noise Propeller: Part II — Efficient Aero-Acoustic-Mechanical Design Methodology Exploiting Surrogate Models in an Adaptive Design Space." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15847.

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Abstract The regional aircraft segment plays a crucial role in achieving the EU Flightpath 2050 objectives (increase connectivity through Europe, enforce Europe’s industrial leadership, and significantly reduce the environmental impact of aviation). Despite an outdated perception by the general public, turboprop aircraft are typically less expensive to operate than regional jets. The impact of new technologies is therefore even more evident. Achieving a significant reduction in perceived noise levels remains however a challenge for the success of further turboprop deployment. This twofold paper discusses the design of an innovative low-noise propeller in the framework of the Clean Sky 2 Regional Aircraft IADP, with a focus on the design methodology itself in this second part. The design is inherently multidisciplinary — aerodynamic, acoustic, mechanical — with multiple flight conditions and a wind tunnel condition to be considered. In order to limit the number of expensive high-fidelity computations, an online surrogate-based optimisation (SBO) approach has been deployed. A high-dimensional design space has been considered to enable to identify disruptive low-noise concepts. By exploiting the results of low-fidelity tools (see the first part of the paper), combined with efficient machine learning techniques and data mining capabilities, a gradual increment of the design space from 57 to 111 design parameters has been considered. A significant noise reduction of about 6.5 dB has been achieved without major degradation of the aerodynamic efficiency — fully aligned with the objectives for the Regional Aircraft IADP.
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Lian, Chenzhou, Dmytro M. Voytovych, Guoping Xia, and Charles L. Merkle. "Numerical Simulation of Start-Up Jets in a Mixing Chamber." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30521.

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Numerical simulations of a transient flow of helium injected into an established background flow of nitrogen were carried out to identify the dominant features of the transient mixing process between these two dissimilar gases. The geometry of interest is composed of two helium slots on either side of a central nitrogen channel feeding into a ‘two-dimensional’ mixing chamber. Simulations were accomplished on both two- and three-dimensional grids using an unsteady DES approach. Results are compared with experimental measurements of species distributions. Unsteady 2-D solutions give a reasonable qualitative picture of the transient mixing process in the middle of the chamber and enable cost-effective parametric analyses and grid refinement studies. The 2-D solutions also provide quantitative estimates of representative characteristic times to guide the 3-D calculations. The 3-D solutions give a reasonable approximation to span-wise events.
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Weiland, Chris, and Pavlos Vlachos. "The Penetration of Submerged Round Turbulent Gas Jets in Water." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31029.

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Direct measurements of the interfacial behavior of submerged high speed gas jets with speeds ranging from subsonic to supersonic Mach numbers were performed using high speed digital photography and shadowgraphs. The results indicate that the jets preferentially pinch-off near the axial position which in previous experimental work has been shown to correspond to the location of the maximum streamwise velocity turbulence fluctuations. Using the optical method presented in this paper, the data indicates that the electroresistivity probe technique used by past researchers to quantify the jet penetration into the ambient fluid biases the measurement by up to 30 diameters as the probe cannot identify true jet continuity as opposed to advecting bubbles. We introduce a theoretical jet penetration distance based on a simple force balance of the jet cross-section which compares reasonably well with the measured data. This theoretical jet penetration distance scales with the square of the Froude number and requires an estimation of the jet centerline properties as they evolve downstream of the orifice to accurately predict the pinch-off point. An experimental jet penetration distance is introduced and is defined as the 98.5% contour of the orifice attached gas jet presence over the measurement time.
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Staymates, Matthew, Greg Gillen, Wayne Smith, Richard Lareau, and Robert Fletcher. "Flow Visualization Techniques for the Evaluation of Non-Contact Trace Contraband Detectors." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31028.

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Efforts are underway in the Surface and Microanalysis Science Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology to study trace aerodynamic sampling of contraband materials (explosives or narcotics) in non-contact trace detection systems. Trace detection systems are designed to screen people, personal items, and cargo for particles that have contaminated surfaces. In a typical implementation of people screening, a human subject walks into a confined space where they are interrogated by a series of pulsed air jets and are screened for contraband materials by a chemical analyzer. The screening process requires particle and vapor removal, transport, collection, desorption, and detection. Aerodynamic sampling is the critical front-end process for effective detection. In this paper, a number of visualization techniques are employed to study non-contact aerodynamic sampling in detail. Particle lift-off and removal is visualized using high-speed videography, transport of air and particles by laser light scattering, and desorption surface heating and cooling patterns by infrared thermography. These tools are used to identify sampling inefficiencies and may be used to study next-generation screening approaches for aerodynamic sampling of particles and vapors.
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