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Journal articles on the topic 'Jet-steam'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2024

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1

Shavdinova, M. D. "ENHANCEMENT OF STEAM-TURBINE CONDENSER STEAM-JET EJECTOR." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 18, no. 4 (38) (December 21, 2021): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021no4/52-58.

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A three-stage steam-jet ejector EPO-3-200 with a working steam flow rate of 850 t / h is installed at the Combined Heat and Power Plant-2 of the city of Almaty on heating turbines. In this paper, the replacement of the existing three-stage steam-jet ejector with a two-stage steam-jet ejector is proposed and substantiated. As a result of the replacement, they obtained a saving of heat (steam) for their own needs for the production of electrical energy. It has been established that at a pressure in the turbine condenser significantly lower than 100 kPa, it is advisable to install a new two-stage ejector EPO-2-80 instead of EPO-3-200. Using the existing calculation methods, the geometric characteristics of the new ejector were obtained. The working steam flow rate of the new two-stage ejector is 579 t / h. In addition, the use of two stages makes it possible to simplify the design and make it more reliable, and also makes it possible to increase the pressure in the cooler of the 1st stage of the ejector. This is especially important for cogeneration turbines, which may have a high temperature of the main condensate, which adversely affects the performance of a conventional three-stage ejector.

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2

Melkias, Alvera Apridalianti, and Shahrul Nuno Gomez. "Evaluasi Kinerja Steam Jet Ejector Tingkat Pertama Terhadap Kevakuman Kondensor." Jurnal Surya Teknika 11, no. 1 (June 26, 2024): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jst.v11i1.7259.

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The steam jet ejector is a device for extracting NCG from the condenser. NCG can increase the pressure in the condenser until a vacuum condition is not reached. The diffuser pressure on the steam jet ejector has a normal operational limit of below 1 atm, meaning that the ejector performance will be optimal if it is operated at the operational limit under vacuum conditions. The expected objectives are to determine the effect of the steam jet ejector on condenser vacuum, calculate the performance of the first level steam jet ejector through pressure analysis in the diffuser section, calculate the performance of the steam jet ejector in actual conditions compared to the design data conditions and analyze actions that can be taken to improve the performance of the tool. Based on the results of calculations and analysis, it was found that the increase in steam jet ejector pressure had an effect on the increase in condenser pressure from the design pressure of 0.10 bar to 0.107-0.123 bar under actual conditions. The decrease in steam jet ejector performance results in the condenser vacuum level decreasing, but the equipment performance is within normal operational limit conditions, namely below 1 atm. The decrease in steam jet ejector performance is influenced by the motive steam mass flow rate, NCG mass flow towards suction, entrainment ratio value, NCG pressure and motive steam pressure which exceeds the design data.

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3

Wickramasinghe, Ganemulle Lekamalage Dharmasri, and Peter William Foster. "Investigation of the use of steam for spun-like textured yarn manufacturing." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 27, no. 2 (April 20, 2015): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-01-2014-0017.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of steam in order to replace air in the production of spun-like textured yarns. Further, this paper analyse the effect of production speed on process and textured yarn properties. Design/methodology/approach – An existing air-jet texturing machine was modified to supply either air or steam to the texturing nozzle. Using standard commercial nozzles, both air-jet and steam-jet textured yarns were manufactured by varying production speed. Findings – It can be concluded that steam can be used as an alternative fluid for air in making spun-like textured yarns. Results show that yarn parameters for steam-jet texturing show a similar trend to those of air-jet texturing relative to the production speed. Further, sewing threads made from steam-jet textured yarns showed good sewability up to the speeds of 350 m/min. Research limitations/implications – Only the effect of production speed on process and yarn parameters is discussed in this paper. Production speed was limited to 350 m/min due to machine constraints. Practical implications – Steam is more economical than air to manufacture spun-like textured yarn at commercial pressures such as 8 bar. Steam-jet textured yarns could be used for commercial applications such as sewing threads at competitive speeds. Further, steam could be generated using sustainable and renewable fuel sources such as biomass. Originality/value – This research introduced steam as an alternative fluid for air in manufacturing spun-like textured yarns.

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4

Dai, Xiao Chun, and Jian Huo. "Numerical Simulation on Flow Structure of a Steam-Jet Pump Influenced by Primary Nozzle Geometries." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1703–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1703.

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The aim of the paper is to reveal the flow structure and the mixing process of a steam-jet pump by using a computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT. Discusses the effect on a steam-jet pump’s entrainment ratio when the throat diameter of the primary nozzle as well as the outlet diameter of the primary nozzle is varied. Analyzes the position of shock wave which will bring the steam-jet pump’s performance a great loss. The performances of a steam-jet pump are studied by changing back pressures while the distance between primary nozzle outlet and mixing chamber inlet (DPM) is varied. The entrainment ratios of a steam-jet pump with different values of DPM and different back pressures are calculated.

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5

Fujita, Isamu, Muneo Yoshie, and Yukihiro Saito. "Steam Jet Pump For Oil Recovery And Reformation." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-589.

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ABSTRACT This paper discusses basic performances of the steam jet suction device and its potential application to the spilled oil recovery. The experiments were carried out on suction and ejection performance of the steam-driven jet pump as well as its other benefits such as breaking emulsion or an application to a beach cleaning device. The paper additionally includes some basic topics related to the process of emulsion breaking by surface active agents. The main conclusions of the study are (1) A steam-jet pump is basically suitable to recover and transfer high viscosity spilled oil because it realizes large suction power as well as very rapid heating which resolves the difficulty related to the high viscosity caused by the emulsification, (2) A steam-jet pump is also available for reforming the nature of the spilled oil. Emulsion breaking was observed to a considerable extent even without chemical agent, (3) A steam-jet pump has a potential application to a beach cleaning equipment. The steam-driven jet pump is available for sucking well not only liquid but also sand slurry and simultaneously has some side effect that separates oil from oiled-sand very rapidly. The steam-driven jet pump will play an important roll to respond to the high viscous emulsified oil pollution.

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6

Li, Xin, Guangsheng Wei, Rong Zhu, Bohan Tian, Ruimin Zhao, and Xinyi Lan. "Study on the Characteristics of Coherent Supersonic Jet with Superheated Steam." Metals 12, no. 5 (May 13, 2022): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12050835.

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By establishing a mathematical model to simulate a mixed jet of oxygen and superheated steam from a coherent supersonic jet oxygen lance, we studied the effect of superheated steam on the fluid characteristics of the mixed jet. The model was initially verified through laboratory experiments prior to analyzing the fluid characteristics of the mixed jet in detail. These characteristics included the jet velocity, the temperature, the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and the mass distribution. The results showed that, at an ambient temperature of 1700 K, the jet velocity measured in the laboratory experiment was consistent with the fluid velocity obtained by numerical simulations, with an error of only 2.7%. In a high-temperature environment, the jet velocity of the mixed oxygen and superheated steam jet was increased, the TKE around the center jet was enhanced, the superheated steam exhibited an inhibitory effect on the combustion reaction of annular methane, and the potential core length of the coherent supersonic jet was reduced, which was conducive to methane combustion and delayed the reduction in the central jet velocity.

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7

Zwawi, Mohammed, Afrasyab Khan, Ali Bahadar, and Mohammed Algarni. "Study of Steam-Induced Convection in a Rotating Vertical Flow Channel." Mathematics 11, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11010079.

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The phenomenon of steam–water direct contact condensation has significance in a wide range of industrial applications. Superheated steam was injected upward into a cylindrical water vessel. Visual observations were conducted on a turbulent steam jet to determine the dimensionless steam jet length compared to the steam nozzle exit diameter and the steam maximum swelling ratio as a function of steam mass flux at the nozzle exit, with a gas steam flux ranging from 295–883 kg/m2s. The Reynolds number based on the steam jet’s maximum expansion ranged from 41,000 to 93,000. Farther above of the condensation region, the jet evolved as a single-phase heated plume, surrounded by ambient water. Mean axial central velocity profiles were determined against the steam mass flux ranging from 295–883 kg/m2s to observe the exponential drop in the mean axial velocity as the vertical distance increased. The radial velocity distribution within the spread of the jet was determined to be self-similar, and the radial distribution of the velocity profile followed the Gaussian function, after the proper scaling of the vertical distance and the axial mean velocity.

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8

Ren, Da Bin, Xian Kun Wang, Jiao Lei, and Jiu Mei Xiao. "Study on a Development Platform of Virtual Steam Jet Pump Based on Virtual Prototyping Technology." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1498.

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Based on virtual prototyping technology (VPT) and software engineering principles, and combining with the characteristics of steam jet pump, a virtual prototyping development platform of steam jet pump, consisting of five functional models, including general scheme design, virtual physical prototype design, virtual performance prototype design, assemble process analysis and VR model design and evaluation, was present in this paper. The architecture and functional model of the virtual steam jet pump prototyping development platform (VSJPDP) were proposed in the article. The ideas corresponding to several key technological problems for implementing the VSJPDP were also described. At last, the platform’s feasibility, effectiveness and advancement were verified by the development process of the virtual single-stage steam jet pump.

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9

Hogekamp, Stefan. "Steam Jet Agglomeration - Part 1: Production of Redispersible Agglomerates by Steam Jet Agglomeration." Chemical Engineering & Technology 22, no. 5 (May 1999): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4125(199905)22:5<421::aid-ceat421>3.0.co;2-0.

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10

El-Dessouky, Hisham, Hisham Ettouney, Imad Alatiqi, and Ghada Al-Nuwaibit. "Evaluation of steam jet ejectors." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 41, no. 6 (July 2002): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0255-2701(01)00176-3.

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11

Khlystov, A. "The steam-jet aerosol collector." Atmospheric Environment 29, no. 17 (September 1995): 2229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00180-7.

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12

Hogekamp, Stefan. "Steam-Jet Agglomeration - Part 2: Modeling Agglomerate Growth in a Modified Steam-Jet Agglomerator." Chemical Engineering & Technology 22, no. 6 (June 1999): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4125(199906)22:6<485::aid-ceat485>3.0.co;2-u.

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13

Dai, Xiao Chun. "Numerical Study on the Flow Structure of a Steam-Jet Vacuum Pump at Different Throat Length." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 1053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.1053.

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The aim of the study is to reveal the complication of the flow process of a steam-jet by using the simulation software package (FLUENT). The paper is able to analyze the flow phenomena inside the steam-jet when its throat length was varied. It is found that the entrainment ratio remains unchanged when the throat length is varied. It is also found that the shocking position moved closer to the exit of the vacuum pump and the critical back pressure of the steam-jet pump increased with the elongation of the throat.

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14

Yang, Dong, Xiao Jie Zhang, and Meng Zhang. "The Research Progress of Steam Jet Pump Design Method." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.543.

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The use of steam steam ejector is formed in a Laval nozzle entrained flow speed airflow to the power unit of the body, has a simple structure, easy maintenance, stable and reliable, pumping capacity, etc.which is widely used in metallurgy, chemical, pharmaceutical , food and other industries. Based on the comprehensive domestic steam jet pump theory and design based on the results of its variety of design methods reviewed, and in accordance with design features and compare their design processes, raise steam jet pump design trends.

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15

Гоняева, С. С., В. В. Кожемякин, В. О. Кожемякин, Н. А. Морозов, С. А. Николаева, and А. В. Аполлова. "Emergency core cooling systems." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg> 1, no. 1(63) (February 28, 2024): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2024.63.1.012.

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Работа посвящена разработке системы пассивного отвода теплоты от реактора, способной обеспечить штатное и аварийное расхолаживание реактора, а также обеспечить работу установки на малых мощностях реактора без участия паротурбинной установки. Обеспечить циркуляцию теплоносителя в этой системе предложено с помощью пароводяных струйных аппаратов с дозвуковым паровым соплом, аналогичных ранее разрабатывавшимся для интегрального реактора «Бета». Системы с подобными струйными аппаратами склонны к пульсации параметров из-за срывов и перезапусков пароводяных струйных аппаратов. В виду этого, была предложена конфигурация системы, позволяющая регулировать подводимую парогенератором и отводимую забортным теплообменником мощность, исключая тем самым пульсации в системе и срывы пароводяного струйного аппарата. Байпасирование парогенератора позволяет не допустить выдачу слишком влажного пара в систему. Paper is devoted to the development of a system for passive heat removal from the reactor, capable of providing normal and emergency cooldown of the reactor, as well as ensuring the operation of the plant at low reactor power without the participation of a steam turbine plant. It is proposed to ensure the circulation of the coolant in this system using steam-water jet apparatus with a subsonic steam nozzle, similar to those previously developed for the type «Beta» integral reactor. Systems with such jet apparatuses are prone to parameter pulsation due to breakdowns and restarts of steam-water jet apparatuses. Taking this in consideration a system configuration was proposed that makes it possible to regulate the power supplied by the steam generator and removed by the outboard heat exchanger, thereby excluding pulsations in the system and disruptions of the steam-water jet apparatus. Bypassing the steam generator prevents too wet steam from being released into the system.

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16

Sangsom, Wilasinee, and Chouw Inprasit. "Design and Development of Innovative Steam Injection for High-Temperature Short-Time Liquid Foods." Processes 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10010161.

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Jet impingement has been effective in reducing the process time and improvement of product quality in various industrial applications, such as textile and paper drying, electronic cooling, glass quenching and food processing. The current work applied innovative steam injection to liquid food continuous sterilization. The multiple impingement jets of steam and product came together in the impingement tank. The effects were investigated on the Reynolds number, steam temperature and jet-to-target spacing (H/d), sterilization temperature and heat transfer efficiency in water and pineapple juice tests. The Reynolds number was based on the nozzle configuration and liquid flow rate. The study investigated product injection plates formed using two, three or four circular holes (diameter 2 mm), steam injection plates with six, nine or twenty circular holes (diameter 1 mm), steam temperatures of 120, 125 or 130 °C and H/d values of 1, 3, 5 or 7. The different options were tested with water to determine the optimal conditions, and then tested with pineapple juice. The results showed that the optimal conditions from water testing that provided the highest heat transfer efficiency occurred with two jet nozzles, six steam injection plates, a steam temperature of 120 °C and an H/d value of 1.

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17

Sadkin, I. S., E. P. Kopyev, M. A. Mukhina, and I. S. Anufriev. "Experimental study of the characteristics of heptane combustion in a high-speed steam jet." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2233, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2233/1/012001.

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Abstract This paper is devoted to the experimental study of the characteristics of heptane combustion in a high-speed superheated steam jet. The completeness of the combustion under steam gasification conditions and the gas composition of the heptane combustion products cooled to room temperature were determined. The averaged temperature of the flame was measured. It is shown that the presence of superheated steam ensures high combustion efficiency and reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides in comparison with a heated air combustion. It is also shown that the organization of liquid fuel combustion in a high-speed steam jet ensures effective burning of fuel in the absence of nozzles and swirlers.

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18

Sadkin, I. S., E. P. Kopyev, M. A. Mukhina, and I. S. Anufriev. "Experimental study of the characteristics of heptane combustion in a high-speed steam jet." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2233, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2233/1/012001.

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Abstract This paper is devoted to the experimental study of the characteristics of heptane combustion in a high-speed superheated steam jet. The completeness of the combustion under steam gasification conditions and the gas composition of the heptane combustion products cooled to room temperature were determined. The averaged temperature of the flame was measured. It is shown that the presence of superheated steam ensures high combustion efficiency and reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides in comparison with a heated air combustion. It is also shown that the organization of liquid fuel combustion in a high-speed steam jet ensures effective burning of fuel in the absence of nozzles and swirlers.

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19

Arsenyev, Vyacheslav, Victor Kozin, Iurii Merzliakov, and Mikhail Protsenko. "Jet Thermal Compression of the Ammonia-Water Mixture for Heat Pumps and Refrigerating Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 630 (September 2014): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.630.61.

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The potential and features of thermotransformer operation has been investigated with the employment of jet thermal compression in heat pump or refrigeration cycles. Jet thermal principle is realized by means of injection and compression of the low-pressure steam with the help of working steam jet. It is formed with the help of relaxation vaporization of the subcooled liquid inside motive flow duct of jet compressor instead of the conventional mechanical compressor. It is a part of the jet thermal compression module which includes a liquid-vapor jet compressor, a separator, a pump and a heater. Perspective of application the ammonia-water mixture as working substance is determined by its high thermodynamic and environmental properties, possibility to maintain higher condensation temperatures than when using CFC, HCFC and HFC chemicals.

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20

Yakush, S. E., N. S. Sivakov, V. I. Melikhov, and O. I. Melikhov. "Modelling of water jet impact on molten metal." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2119, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012073.

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Abstract Splashes of high-temperature melt spreading over a water pool bottom can be a reason for the formation of a zone where melt, water and steam are mixed, providing conditions for powerful steam explosions. The paper considers the formation of melt splashes arising from the impact of a water jet on the surface of the melt. Numerical simulations are performed in 3D formulation, using the VOF method and an improved phase change model. The evolution of melt surface following the water jet impact is demonstrated, including the formation of a cavern, a primary melt splash known as the crown, as well as a secondary splash following the collapse of the cavern, known as the cumulative jet. Parametric study for the melt splash height dependence on the water jet geometry and velocity is carried out. The results of numerical analysis are discussed from the point of view of the similarity with respect to the momentum and kinetic energy of water jet. The significance of the results for the steam explosion problem is discussed.

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21

Beithou, N., and H. S. Aybar. "High-Pressure Steam-Driven Jet Pump—Part I: Mathematical Modeling." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 123, no. 3 (January 1, 2000): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1365934.

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There are several proposed advanced reactor systems, which consider the utilization of a steam-driven jet pump (SDJP) as an emergency core cooling system. The steam-driven jet pump is a device without moving parts, in which steam is used as an energy source to pump cold water from a pressure much lower than the steam pressure to a pressure higher than the steam pressure. In this study, the mathematical modeling of the SDJP has been done. An experimental analysis of the high-pressure SDJP has been reported by Cattadori et al. The results of the mathematical modeling of the SDJP have been compared with Cattadori’s experimental results. The comparisons show that the experimental and calculated pressure distributions are in good qualitative agreement. A parametric analysis of the SDJP is ongoing.

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22

Khlystov, A., G. P. Wyers, H. M. ten Brink, and J. Slanina. "The steam-jet aerosol collector (SJAC)." Journal of Aerosol Science 26 (September 1995): S111—S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(95)96963-8.

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23

Pollerberg, Clemens, Ahmed Hamza H. Ali, and Christian Dötsch. "Solar driven steam jet ejector chiller." Applied Thermal Engineering 29, no. 5-6 (April 2009): 1245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.06.017.

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24

Кожемякин, В. В., Н. А. Морозов, Ю. И. Раевская, and Д. П. Левша. "Influence of operating parameters on the static characteristics of the propulsion injector." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg> 1, no. 1(63) (February 28, 2024): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2024.63.1.015.

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В работе разработаны два варианта двигательно-движительной установки для скоростного судна. Особенностью таких установок является наличие парогазоводяного струйного аппарата (ПГВСА), используемого в качестве движителя. Также в состав установок входят компрессоры, турбины и насос. Исследования показали, что наиболее существенное влияние на характеристики парогазоводяного струйного аппарата оказывают недогрев смеси на выходе из диффузора после конденсации пара и паросодержание на входе в паровое сопло инжектора. Поэтому в данной работе выполнено расчетно-теоретическое исследование статических характеристик ПГВСА по результатам которого установлено, что при увеличении недогрева газоводяной смеси после конденсации пара увеличиваются, скорость истечения парогазоводняной смеси на выходе из диффузора и тяга парогазоводяного струйного аппарата, а массовый расход горючего уменьшается. При увеличении паросодержания на входе в парогазовое сопло инжектора уменьшаются тяга и массовый расход горючего. In this work, two variants of the propulsion system for a high-speed vessel have been developed. A feature of such installations is the presence of a steam-gas-water jet apparatus (PGVSA), used as a propulsion device. The installations also include compressors, turbines and a pump. Research has shown that the most significant influence on the characteristics of a steam-gas-water jet apparatus is exerted by the underheating of the mixture at the outlet of the diffuser after steam condensation and the steam content at the inlet to the steam nozzle of the injector. Therefore, in this work, a computational and theoretical study of the static characteristics of the steam-gas-water jet apparatus was carried out, based on the results of which it was established that with increasing underheating of the gas-water mixture after steam condensation, the flow rate of the steam-gas-water mixture at the outlet of the diffuser and the thrust of the steam-gas-water jet apparatus increase, and the mass flow of fuel decreases. As the vapor content at the inlet to the steam-gas nozzle of the injector increases, the thrust and mass flow of fuel decrease.

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25

Kazantsev, A., O. Supotnitskaya, and V. Sergeev. "SIMULATING OF DROP ENTRAINMENT IN THE JET-VORTEX CONDENSER OF THE VVER-440 CONFINEMENT SYSTEM." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2021, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2021-1-108-116.

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The article presents the results of simulating the jet-vortex condenser operation. The jet-vortex condenser used as a part of the confinement system is designed to ensure the confinement integrity of an NPP with VVER-440 unit during LOCA accidents. To simulate the jet-vortex condenser operation it is important to keep a sufficient amount of water after a pressure peak was reached in the jet-vortex condenser hydraulic lock. The loss of water due to drop entrainment with steam-air mixture flow into the atmosphere stops when the velocity of drop sedimentation becomes higher than the velocity of drop entrainment with the mixture flow. The jet-vortex condenser model integrated into the KUPOL-M code was validated against the experimental data obtained on the VNIIAES test facility. To take into account drop entrainment with steam-air mixture flow the procedure of moisture separation and drop entrainment was used. A good agreement between calculated and experimental results was obtained when comparing the initial and final water levels in the hydraulic lock. The research results confirmed validity of the model of drop entrainment with steam-air mixture flow during the operation of the jet-vortex condenser and the preservation of water into the hydraulic lock during the accident.

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26

JIN, ERIC, TONY HABIB, SIMON YOUSSEF, STEVE OSBORNE, and HONGHI TRAN. "Development of converging-diverging multi-jet nozzles for molten smelt shattering in kraft recovery boilers." March 2021 20, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj20.3.199.

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The effective shattering of molten smelt is highly desired in recovery boiler systems. Ideally, shatter jet nozzle designs should: i) generate high shattering energy; ii) create a wide coverage; and iii) minimize steam consumption. This study proposes a novel converging-diverging multi-jet nozzle design to achieve these goals. A laboratory setup was established, and the nozzle performance was evaluated by generating jet pressure profiles from the measurement of a pitot tube array. The results show that the shatter jet strength is greater with a large throat diameter, high inlet pressure, and a short distance between the nozzle exit and impingement position. Increasing the number of orifices generates a wider jet coverage, and the distance between the orifices should be limited to avoid the formation of a low-pressure region between the orifices. The study also demonstrates that an optimized converging-diverging multi-jet nozzle significantly outperformed a conventional shatter jet nozzle by achieving higher energy and wider coverage while consuming less steam.

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27

Grzesiak, Szymon, and Andrzej Adamkiewicz. "Application of a Two-Stage Steam Jet Injector Unit for Latent Heat Recovery of a Marine Steam Turbine Propulsion Plant." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 5511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125511.

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The paper presents the results of the numerical research of the steam jet injector applications for the regenerative feed water heating systems of marine steam turbine propulsion plants. The analysis shows that the use of a single injector for a single heat exchanger results in a relative increase in the thermal efficiency of the plant by 0.6–0.9%. The analysis also indicates the legitimacy of the usage of multistage feed water heating systems, which would enable the operating parameters optimization of the injectors. The obtained steam pressure up to the value of 1.8 barA allows for the heating of the feed water up to 110 °C. For higher degrees of feed water heating in the heat exchangers, it is necessary to supply heating steam of higher pressure. Therefore, the usage of two-stage steam jet injector units was considered advisable for the analyses.

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Mukhina, Mariia, Evgeny Kopyev, and Evgeniy Shadrin. "Combustion of liquid hydrocarbons sprayed by air jet." E3S Web of Conferences 459 (2023): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345907006.

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In the present work, the combustion of liquid hydrocarbons sprayed by air jet was studied using diesel fuel as an example. The dependences of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide concentrations in combustion products on the fuel and air flow rates were investigated using an atmospheric burner device. It is shown that while diesel fuel sprayed by air jet there is a wider range of operating parameters in comparison with steam spraying due to the flameout. Compared with atomization by air jet at room temperature, steam and heated air spraying have advantages, for these regimes the NOx concentrations are observed to be lower.

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29

Fu, Benshuai, Bingju Lu, Haiyan Xiao, Liping Qin, and Guanghua Li. "Experimental research on the atomization of transverse liquid jet." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2764, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2764/1/012049.

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Abstract The transverse liquid jet is widely used in gas-steam ejection, scramjet engines, and other engineering applications. The research of transverse liquid jets can provide a basis for product design and has a wide range of engineering application value. A high-temperature and high-pressure jet experimental system was designed according to the characteristics of the cooling water jet atomization in the gas-steam ejection power system. The high-speed photography method was used to obtain the macroscopic structural characteristics of the transverse liquid jet. In this paper, experimental research of liquid jets under three conditions was carried out. The trajectory curve of the liquid jet considering momentum ratio and temperature is as follows: y/dj = 2.782q 0.422(x/dj )0.307(T/T0 )-0.785. It can provide theoretical support for improving the efficiency of gas-liquid mixing in power systems, engines, etc.

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Zhang, Jing, Jing Gang Yi, Hai Yong Jiang, Jia Zhong Wang, and Jiang Tao Liu. "Research on Control System of Steam Scallop Shelling Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.879.

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Steam control system of the steam scallop shelling machine is the key to ensure the stability and the continuous jet of steam during the process of scallop shell. This paper on the basic composition of steam generator, PLC, touch screen program design, several aspects of temperature sensor, pressure transmitter and so on. Through the transformation of the control system of steam generator, which can meet the design requirements of the task.

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31

Kim, Sang Ho, Seong-Wan Hong, and Rae-Joon Park. "Analysis of Steam Explosion under Conditions of Partially Flooded Cavity and Submerged Reactor Vessel." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3106039.

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A steam explosion in a reactor cavity makes a mechanical load of the pressure pulse, which can result in a failure of the containment isolation. To prove the integrity of the containment during the ex-vessel steam explosion, the effects of water conditions on a steam explosion have to be identified, and the impulse of a steam explosion has to be exactly assessed. In this study, the analyses for steam explosions were performed for the conditions of a partially flooded cavity and a submerged-vessel in a pressurized water reactor. The entry velocity of a corium jet for the scale of the test facility was varied to simulate the two plant conditions. The TEXAS-V code was used for simulating the phases of premixing and explosion, and the load of a steam explosion was estimated based on the pressure variation. The impulse of a steam explosion under the condition of a corium jet falling into water without a free-fall height is bigger than that under a free-fall height. The fragmented mass of corium in an explosion phase and the distribution of steam fraction are the main parameters for the total load of the steam explosion. This study is expected to contribute to analyses of a steam explosion for a severe accident management strategy.

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32

Shah, Ajmal. "STUDY OF STEAM-WATER DIRECT-CONTACT CONDENSATION IN STEAM JET PUMP." International Journal of Fluid Mechanics Research 44, no. 6 (2017): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/interjfluidmechres.2017019671.

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33

Wang, Zhe, Hong Li, Haiyan Chen, Juan Lv, Hao Leng, Junhui Xiao, and Shuai Wang. "Effects of grinding and dehydration on kaolin in a steam jet mill." Clay Minerals 56, no. 1 (March 2021): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/clm.2021.18.

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AbstractSteam jet milling was applied for the first time to ultra-fine grind the filter cake (moisture content 23.80%) produced by a kaolin concentrator. The material was dehydrated and dried simultaneously during grinding, and the final ground sample met the moisture content requirement for powder products of <2%. The particle size of the ground kaolin samples decreased and the particle-size distribution was more concentrated, indicating that the steam jet milling was more effective for kaolin processing than the conventional dry grinding process. In addition, steam jet milling can improve the whiteness and decrease the crystal order of the samples, thus improving the kaolin properties in follow-up applications.

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34

Demikhov, K. E., and A. A. Ochkov. "On the Method of Calculating Diffusion Vacuum Pump Stage Pumping Parameters." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 2 (137) (June 2021): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2021-2-85-93.

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At present, steam jet vacuum pumps are widely used in various fields of science and technology due to a number of advantages, e.g., reliability, relative simplicity of design, and manufacturability, over other pumping means. The paper analyzes the existing mathematical models of working processes, methods for calculating the pumping parameters of steam-jet vacuum pumps. The problem of improving these methods, which are used in the design, is still urgent. The study attempts to further develop the models in order to increase their practical significance for the pumps design: in particular, the processes of pumping by the first stages of a diffusion pump are considered, since it is they that determine the efficiency of the pump as a whole. Analytical dependences for calculating the main pumping parameters of widely used diffusion vacuum pumps are presented. The obtained equations are a certain clarifying correction of the known provisions on this topic. Findings of research are of practical importance for the design of modern steam-jet vacuum pumps

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35

Bortun, Anatoly, Mila Bortun, Benjamin Brown, and Jeremy Madynski. "Effect of High-Energy Milling on Ceria-Zirconia’s Redox Properties." Catalysts 13, no. 12 (December 14, 2023): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13121511.

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Series of ceria-zirconia (CZ)-based nano-materials with a d50 in the range of 0.2 to 1.3 microns were made using the jar milling, Eiger milling, and steam jet milling (SJM) techniques. The effect of the milling conditions on the morphology and textural properties was studied. High-energy steam jet milling in a quasi-hydrothermal environment (with potential local temperature spikes over 500 °C) significantly impacted the CZ crystal structure by inducing lattice distortions. It was shown that the acquired lattice stress resulted in a significant increase in oxygen mobility, which was manifested by a TPR-H2 Tmax shift from 450–550 to 150–250 °C. CZ materials with fast oxygen mobility are metastable phases, and re-slurring nano-CZ powders in water and impregnation with precious metals had stabilizing effects on fast oxygen mobility. Efficiently enhancing the CZ redox activity milling process took place in the following order: Steam jet milling > Eiger milling > jar milling.

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36

Xu, Hai Lun, and Zi Lin Li. "Environmental Benefits and Energy Efficiency of Superheated Steam as Media in Processing Ultra-Fine Fly Ash Technology." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 1558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1558.

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With superheated steam from thermal power plants for medium, the fluidized bed jet mill which had improved vertical turbine classifier was used to study Superheated steam as media in processing ultra-fine fly ash technology. Experiment tested the energy consumption of processing fly ash with superheated steam, which was converted into standard coal compared with the air jet mill technology to prove the environment and energy saving advantages in superheated steam-gas processing ultra-fine fly ash. Experimental results showed that this technology has low energy consumption, high grinding force, and its grinding, grading, collection process is completely in dry method, so this technology is an ideal method for processing ultra-fine fly ash by low-cost and large-scale. At the same time, this paper assessed the environmental benefits of some environmental indicators. Finally, the applications of this technology are summarized.

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37

Akhmadi, Amin Nur, Faqih Fatkhurrozak, and Firman Lukman Sanjaya. "Rancang Bangun Mesin Steam Jet Mini Portable Power Spayer." IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.56862/irajtma.v3i1.95.

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Penelitian ini membahas tentang mesin steam jet mini portable power spayer dengan diuji dengan alat bantu flow meter untuk mengetahui spesifikasinya, Mesin ini dirancang untuk mudah dipindahkan dari satu tempat ke tempat lain, Mesin ini memiliki pompa yang dapat menciptakan tekanan air tinggi, Mesin steam jet ini dapat dioperasikan menggunakan motor DC, Mesin ini biasanya dibangun dengan bahan yang tahan terhadap korosi dan tahan lama untuk penggunaan jangka panjang, Untuk mewujudkan mesin steam jet mini portable power spayer yang mempunyai sistem sedehana, murah, mudah dioperasikan dan dirawat, Mesin ini harus dirancang agar mudah dipindahkan dari satu tempat ke tempat lain, baik di dalam ruangan maupun di luar ruangan,harus mampu menghasilkan uap air dengan tekanan yang cukup tinggi untuk membersihkan kotoran, Desain harus mempertimbangkan aspek keamanan untuk melindungi pengguna dari cedera atau bahaya potensial, Dengan mendesain rancang mesin pompa mini portable power spayer dengan dimensi yang sesuai dengan yang dipasaran, diwujudkan dengan desain dan produk yang nyata dan ada, dengan melakukan pengujian dengan alat bantu flow meter, pengujian dilakukan dengan hasil semburan yaitu 6 liter / menit sesuai spesifikasi. Membuat desain pompa mesin steam mini portable power spayer dengan inventor yang diwujudkan disamakan dengan memilih prodak yang ada dipasaran. Proses pengujian mesin steam mini portable power spayer dengan alat ukur flow meter menghasilkan tekanan semburan air sebesar 6 liter/ menit, pada saat pengujian dengan flow meter spayer gun pada posisi tekanan semburan air yang lurus.

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38

Touchton, G. L. "Influence of Gas Turbine Combustor Design and Operating Parameters on Effectiveness of NOx Suppression by Injected Steam or Water." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 107, no. 3 (July 1, 1985): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239792.

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Steam or water injection has become the state-of-the-art abatement technique for NOx, with steam strongly preferred for combined-cycle application. In combined-cycle plants, the degradation of the plant efficiency due to steam injection into the gas turbine combustor provides a powerful incentive for minimizing this flow over the entire plant operating map. This paper presents the results of extensive tests carried out on a variety of gas turbine combustor designs. Both test stand and field test data are presented. The usual fuel in the tests is methane; however, some data are presented for combustion of No. 2 distillate oil and intermediate Btu gas fuel. Similarly, the usual inert injected is steam, but some water injection data are included for comparison. The results support the conclusions: 1. Steam and water injection suppress NOx exclusively through thermal mechanisms, i.e., by lowering the peak flame temperature. 2. Design changes have little effect on NOx suppression effectiveness of steam or water in jet-stirred or swirl-mixed combustors. 3. Primary zone injection of steam in methane-fueled, jet-stirred combustors is equally effective whether the steam enters with an air stream or with the fuel stream. 4. Water-to-fuel ratio corrected to equivalent energy content correlates NOx suppression effectiveness for turbulent diffusion flame combustors.

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39

Bolotnova, R. Kh, and V. A. Korobchinskaya. "The formation features of supercritical steam-water jets (review)." Multiphase Systems 17, no. 1-2 (2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/mfs2022.1.003.

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The review of works on study of dynamics formation of water fluid jet of supercritical parameters outflowing from a high-pressure chamber through a thin nozzle has been carried out. The system of model equations describing the dynamics of outflow processes in both single-phase and multiphase gas-vapor-liquid media is considered. It based on the laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy of phases in accordance with single-pressure, single-speed and two-temperature approximations with the allowance for contact-type heat transfer and mass transfer for evaporation and condensation under equilibrium conditions. The numerical realization of model representations is carried out by the method of movable Lagrangian grids and using modified solvers of the OpenFOAM package. The analysis of the features initial stage of the formation of a steam-water jet at outflow through a thin nozzle is given based on the results of numerical simulation by the Lagrangian method in the case of a two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation. The problems about the study of the evolution a forming jet during the outflow of a single-phase flow of water-steam and a boiling jet of supercritical state parameters are considered, by the numerical realization in the OpenFOAM package. The features the formation of Mach disk, accompanied by the appearance of a cavity inside the jet, are noted. It is shown that during the outflow of a boiling steam-water jet, the vortex zones are formed near the axis of symmetry and periodic pulsations of pressure and mass velocity are generated, which subsequently lead to acoustic oscillations preceding the main jet flow observed in experiments. The justification of reliability the applied numerical method realized by the new OpenFOAM solvers is given on the example of comparing numerical and analytical solutions to L.I. Sedov’s problem of a point explosion in two-phase gas-drop mixture and comparing the results of numerical solution and experimental photography of supersonic nitrogen jet outflowing through cylindrical nozzle from high-pressure vessel.

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40

GEORGIEV, Vasil, and Nenko NENOV. "LABORATORY REFRIGERATION UNIT WITH STEAM-JET COMPRESSOR." European Journal of Technic 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36222/ejt.468476.

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41

IWAKI, Chikako, Michitsugu MORI, Tadashi NARABAYASHI, and Syuichi OHMORI. "Study on jet structure in steam injector." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2003.2 (2003): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.2.0_137.

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42

SEKISHITA, Nobumasa. "Investigations of Characteristics on a Steam Jet." Proceedings of Conference of Tokai Branch 2017.66 (2017): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetokai.2017.66.429.

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43

Aly, Narmine H., Aly Karameldin, and M. M. Shamloul. "Modelling and simulation of steam jet ejectors." Desalination 123, no. 1 (August 1999): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00053-3.

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44

Qu, Xiao-hang, Hui Sui, and Mao-cheng Tian. "CFD simulation of steam–air jet condensation." Nuclear Engineering and Design 297 (February 2016): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2015.11.011.

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45

Choi, Choengryul, Se-Hong Oh, Dae Kyung Choi, Won Tae Kim, Yoon-Suk Chang, and Seung Hyun Kim. "CFD Analysis for Steam Jet Impingement Evaluation." Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20466/kpvp.2016.12.2.058.

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46

Zaidenshtein, D. Kh, V. A. Mil'gram, and T. I. Usmanov. "New series of vacuum-jet steam pumps." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 27, no. 2 (February 1991): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01147662.

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47

Hogekamp, S., H. Schubert, and S. Wolf. "Steam jet agglomeration of water soluble material." Powder Technology 86, no. 1 (January 1996): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-5910(95)03037-9.

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48

Sherif, S. A., D. Y. Goswami, G. D. Mathur, S. V. Iyer, B. S. Davanagere, S. Natarajan, and F. Colacino. "A feasibility study of steam-jet refrigeration." International Journal of Energy Research 22, no. 15 (December 1998): 1323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-114x(199812)22:15<1323::aid-er430>3.0.co;2-w.

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49

Yan, Junjie, Xinzhuang Wu, Daotong Chong, and Jiping Liu. "Experimental Research on Performance of Supersonic Steam-Driven Jet Injector and Pressure of Supersonic Steam Jet in Water." Heat Transfer Engineering 32, no. 11-12 (October 2011): 988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2011.556465.

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50

Trokoz, Ya Ye, P. O. Barabash, P. P. Kudelya, and O. B. Golubev. "Development and research of refrigeration cycle with biagent jet compressor." KPI Science News, no. 4 (February 14, 2022): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/kpisn.2021.4.252054.

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Background. Currently, in the cycles of steam-ejector refrigeration machines (SERM) are used monoagent jet compressors, the working body in which is water. Despite their low efficiency, SERM have a number of advantages over refrigeration machines that usemechanical compressors: low cost, ease of manufacture and reliability. The use of SERM is largely limited by the inability of these installations to reach temperatures below 0 °C. This limitation can be overcome by applying a fundamentally new steam compressioncycle using a bioagent (water-freon) jet compressor (BAJC).Objective. The purpose of the paper is experimentally confirm the operability of a refrigeration machine operating on a steam compression cycle using a bioagent (water-freon) jet compressor. Determine the efficiency of the experimental refrigeration machine andfind the optimal geometric characteristics of the jet compressor.Methods. An experimental stand was created to study the refrigeration plant using BAJC. The refrigeration machine efficiency e was determined according to the developed method.Results. Experimental values of the cooling machine coefficient e were obtained depending on the change in the ejection coefficient q of BAJC. The maximum machine coefficient values emax = 1,3 ÷ 1, 4 correspond to those of the ejection coefficient q opt ≈опт 0, 25q 0,25, which also achieves the maximum efficiency h ≈max 0,35 ÷ 0, 45 of the BAJC.Conclusions. The efficiency of a refrigeration unit operating on a steam compression cycle using a bioagent (water-freon) jet compressor has been experimentally confirmed. To expand the temperature spectrum of the cycle in the direction of lowering the boilingpoints in the evaporator (tboilt −≤кип 20 °C), it is planned to modernise the laboratory bench by using aqueous salt solutions as a coolant.

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